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<span>Modern use</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Modern_use-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Modern use subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Modern_use-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Catholic_Church" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Catholic_Church"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Catholic Church</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Catholic_Church-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Cappa_magna" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cappa_magna"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.1</span> <span><span><i>Cappa magna</i></span></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cappa_magna-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li 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id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sources_and_references" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources_and_references"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Sources and references</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources_and_references-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Cope</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 29 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-29" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">29 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cappa" title="Cappa – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Cappa" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%BA%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A9_(%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B3)" title="غفارة (لباس) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="غفارة (لباس)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capa_pluvial" title="Capa pluvial – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Capa pluvial" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0_(%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%87%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B5)" title="Капа (аблачэнне) – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Капа (аблачэнне)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capa_pluvial" title="Capa pluvial – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Capa pluvial" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pluvi%C3%A1l_(liturgick%C3%BD_od%C4%9Bv)" title="Pluviál (liturgický oděv) – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Pluviál (liturgický oděv)" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pluviale" title="Pluviale – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Pluviale" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pluviaal_(riietus)" title="Pluviaal (riietus) – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Pluviaal (riietus)" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capa_pluvial" title="Capa pluvial – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Capa pluvial" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pluvialo" title="Pluvialo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Pluvialo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapa_(liturgia)" title="Kapa (liturgia) – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Kapa (liturgia)" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chape_(catholicisme)" title="Chape (catholicisme) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Chape (catholicisme)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%BA%85%ED%8C%8C" title="캅파 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="캅파" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pluvijal" title="Pluvijal – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Pluvijal" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chapo" title="Chapo – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Chapo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korkap" title="Korkap – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Korkap" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piviale" title="Piviale – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Piviale" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pluviale" title="Pluviale – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Pluviale" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pivial" title="Pivial – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Pivial" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koorkap" title="Koorkap – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Koorkap" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kork%C3%A5pe" title="Korkåpe – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Korkåpe" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapa_(religia)" title="Kapa (religia) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Kapa (religia)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pluvial_(veste_lit%C3%BArgica)" title="Pluvial (veste litúrgica) – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Pluvial (veste litúrgica)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%BF%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Каппа магна – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Каппа магна" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pluvi%C3%A1l" title="Pluviál – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Pluviál" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuorikaapu" title="Kuorikaapu – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kuorikaapu" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kork%C3%A5pa" title="Korkåpa – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Korkåpa" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%BF%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Каппа магна – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Каппа магна" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81o_cappa" title="Áo cappa – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Áo cappa" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q849829#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul 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class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Religious garment</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the religious garment. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Cope_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Cope (disambiguation)">Cope (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Cope" title="Special:EditPage/Cope">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Cope%22">"Cope"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Cope%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Cope%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Cope%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Cope%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Cope%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">April 2024</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:PROCES_SCALDIS-_ANTW_01.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/PROCES_SCALDIS-_ANTW_01.JPG/200px-PROCES_SCALDIS-_ANTW_01.JPG" decoding="async" width="200" height="267" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/PROCES_SCALDIS-_ANTW_01.JPG/300px-PROCES_SCALDIS-_ANTW_01.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/PROCES_SCALDIS-_ANTW_01.JPG/400px-PROCES_SCALDIS-_ANTW_01.JPG 2x" data-file-width="937" data-file-height="1253" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Johan_Bonny" title="Johan Bonny">Johan Bonny</a>, a Catholic <a href="/wiki/Bishop" title="Bishop">bishop</a>, wearing a gold-embroidered cope, <a href="/wiki/Antwerp" title="Antwerp">Antwerp</a></figcaption></figure> <p>A <b>cope</b> (<a href="/wiki/Latin_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin language">Latin</a>: <i lang="la">pluviale</i> ("rain coat") or <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">cappa</i></span> ("cape")) is a <a href="/wiki/Liturgical" class="mw-redirect" title="Liturgical">liturgical</a> long mantle or cloak, open at the front and fastened at the breast with a band or <a href="/wiki/Buckle" title="Buckle">clasp</a>. It may be of any <a href="/wiki/Liturgical_colours" title="Liturgical colours">liturgical colour</a>. </p><p>A cope may be worn by any rank of the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic</a> or <a href="/wiki/Anglicanism" title="Anglicanism">Anglican</a> <a href="/wiki/Clergy" title="Clergy">clergy</a>, and by <a href="/wiki/Licensed_lay_minister" title="Licensed lay minister">licensed lay ministers</a> on certain occasions. If worn by a <a href="/wiki/Bishop" title="Bishop">bishop</a>, it is generally accompanied by a <a href="/wiki/Mitre" title="Mitre">mitre</a>. The clasp, which is often highly ornamented, is called a <i>morse</i>. In art, angels are often shown wearing copes, especially in <a href="/wiki/Early_Netherlandish_painting" title="Early Netherlandish painting">Early Netherlandish painting</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cope&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Koorkap_kaproen.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Koorkap_kaproen.jpg/220px-Koorkap_kaproen.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Koorkap_kaproen.jpg/330px-Koorkap_kaproen.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Koorkap_kaproen.jpg/440px-Koorkap_kaproen.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1217" data-file-height="1622" /></a><figcaption>15th-century cope from <a href="/wiki/Saint_Bavo_Cathedral" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint Bavo Cathedral">Saint Bavo Cathedral</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ghent" title="Ghent">Ghent</a></figcaption></figure> <p>There has been little change in the character of the cope since it was first worn by the <a href="/wiki/Clergy" title="Clergy">clergy</a>. It was made of a semicircular piece of <a href="/wiki/Silk" title="Silk">silk</a> or other material, its shape distinguishing it from the <a href="/wiki/Chasuble" title="Chasuble">chasuble</a>, which had straight edges sewn together in front. Both garments are similar in form and origin to the Orthodox <a href="/wiki/Phelonion" title="Phelonion">phelonion</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-cathenCope_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cathenCope-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Modern copes no longer have a hood. Some early examples feature a triangular hood, which was intended to protect the head during processions, but over time the hood it came to represented by a shield-shaped piece of embroidery that sometimes adorned with a fringe or <a href="/wiki/Tassel" title="Tassel">tassel</a>. Early chasubles depicted in 8th- and 9th-century drawings, have a primitive style of hood, suggesting that the cope and the chasuble had a common origin.<sup id="cite_ref-cathenCope_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cathenCope-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The earliest mentions of a <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">cappa</i></span> is by the <a href="/wiki/Gallo-Roman" class="mw-redirect" title="Gallo-Roman">Gallo-Roman</a> historian <a href="/wiki/St._Gregory_of_Tours" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Gregory of Tours">St. Gregory of Tours</a>, and in the <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">Miracula</i></span> of <a href="/wiki/St_Fursey" class="mw-redirect" title="St Fursey">St Fursey</a>, when a hooded cloak is described. A letter written in 787 by the <a href="/wiki/Benedictine" class="mw-redirect" title="Benedictine">Benedictine</a> abbot of <a href="/wiki/Monte_Cassino" title="Monte Cassino">Monte Cassino</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Theodemar_of_Monte_Cassino&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Theodemar of Monte Cassino (page does not exist)">Theodemar</a>, in answer to a question by <a href="/wiki/Charlemagne" title="Charlemagne">Charlemagne</a>, King of the <a href="/wiki/Franks" title="Franks">Franks</a>, about <a href="/wiki/Monk" title="Monk">monks</a>' clothing.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> establishes that what in Gaul was styled <i>cuculla</i> (<a href="/wiki/Cowl" title="Cowl">cowl</a>) was known to the Cassinese monks as <i>cappa</i>. Moreover, the word occurs more than once in <a href="/wiki/Alcuin" title="Alcuin">Alcuin</a>'s correspondence, apparently as denoting a garment for everyday wear. When Alcuin twice observes about a <i>casula</i> which was sent him, that he meant to wear it always at <a href="/wiki/Mass_(liturgy)" title="Mass (liturgy)">Mass</a>, this suggests that such garments at this date were not distinctively liturgical owing to anything in their material or construction, but that they were set aside for the use of the altar at the choice of the owner, who might equally well have used them as part of his ordinary attire. In the case of the chasuble the process of liturgical specialization was completed at a comparatively early date, and before the end of the ninth century the maker of a <i>casula</i> probably knew quite well in most cases whether he intended his handiwork for a Mass vestment or for an everyday outer garment. But in the case of a <i>cappa</i> or cope, this period of specialization seems to have been delayed until much later. The two hundred <i>cappae</i> or copes which appear in a <a href="/wiki/Saint-Riquier" title="Saint-Riquier">Saint-Riquier</a> inventory in the year 801, a number increased to 377 by the year 831, were thought to be mere cloaks, for the most part of rude material and destined for common wear. It may be that their use <a href="/wiki/Choir_dress" title="Choir dress">in choir</a> was believed to add to the decorum and solemnity of the <a href="/wiki/Liturgy_of_the_Hours" title="Liturgy of the Hours">Divine Office</a>, especially in the winter season. In 831 one of the Saint-Riquier copes is specially mentioned as being of chestnut colour and embroidered with gold. This, no doubt, implies use by a dignitary, but it does not prove that it was as yet regarded as a sacred vestment. In fact, according to the conclusions of <a href="/wiki/Edmund_Bishop" title="Edmund Bishop">Edmund Bishop</a>, who was the first to sift the evidence thoroughly, it was not until the twelfth century that the cope, made of rich material, was in general use in the ceremonies of the Church, at which time it had come to be regarded as the special vestment of cantors.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Still, an ornamental cope was even then considered a vestment that might be used by any member of the clergy from the highest to the lowest, in fact even by one who was only about to be <a href="/wiki/Tonsure" title="Tonsure">tonsured</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-cathenCope_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cathenCope-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Amongst monks it was the practice to vest the whole community, except the celebrant and the sacred ministers who assisted the celebrant, in copes at <a href="/wiki/Solemn_Mass" title="Solemn Mass">High Mass</a> on the greatest festivals, whereas on feasts of somewhat lower grade, the community were usually vested in <a href="/wiki/Alb" title="Alb">albs</a>. Surviving inventories show that the Netherlands, France, and Germany had taken the lead in this movement. For example, already in 870, the <a href="/wiki/Abbey" title="Abbey">Abbey</a> of <a href="/wiki/Saint_Trond" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint Trond">Saint Trond</a> lists "thirty-three precious copes of silk" as against only twelve chasubles, and it was clearly the <a href="/wiki/Cluny_Abbey" title="Cluny Abbey">Cluny</a> practice in the latter part of the tenth century to vest all the monks in copes during high Mass on the great feasts, though in England the regulations of Saint <a href="/wiki/Dunstan" title="Dunstan">Dunstan</a> and <a href="/wiki/%C3%86thelwold_of_Winchester" title="Æthelwold of Winchester">Saint Aethelwold</a> show no signs of any such observance. The custom spread to the secular <a href="/wiki/Canon_(priest)" class="mw-redirect" title="Canon (priest)">canons</a> of such <a href="/wiki/Cathedral" title="Cathedral">cathedrals</a> as <a href="/wiki/Rouen" title="Rouen">Rouen</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Cantor_(church)" class="mw-redirect" title="Cantor (church)">cantors</a> nearly everywhere used copes of silk as their own peculiar adornment in the exercise of their functions.<sup id="cite_ref-cathenCope_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cathenCope-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Meanwhile, the old <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">cappa nigra</i></span> ("black cape"), or <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">cappa choralis</i></span>, a choir cape of black material, open or partly open in front, and commonly provided with a functioning hood, still continued in use. While the cope was a liturgical vestment, made of rich, colorful fabric and often highly decorated, the <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">cappa nigra</i></span> was a practical garment, made of heavy plain black wool and designed to provide warmth in cold weather. Whereas the cope's hood had long since become a non-functional decorative item, the hood of the <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">cappa nigra</i></span> remained functional. The <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">cappa nigra</i></span> was worn at the [Divine Office by the clergy of cathedral and <a href="/wiki/Collegiate_church" title="Collegiate church">collegiate churches</a> and also by many religious, as, for example, it is retained by the <a href="/wiki/Dominican_Order" title="Dominican Order">Dominicans</a> during the winter months down to the present day. No doubt the "copes" of the <a href="/wiki/Friar" title="Friar">friars</a>, to which so many references in the <a href="/wiki/John_Wycliffe" title="John Wycliffe">Wycliffite</a> literature and in the writings of <a href="/wiki/Chaucer" class="mw-redirect" title="Chaucer">Chaucer</a> and <a href="/wiki/William_Langland" title="William Langland">Langland</a> are found, designate their open mantles, which were part of their full dress, though not always black in colour. On the other hand, it is worth a note that the <i>cappa clausa</i>, or close cope, was simply a cope or cape sewn up in front for common outdoor use. "The wearing of this", says Bishop,<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "instead of the <i>cappa scissa</i>, the same cope not sewn up, is again and again enjoined on the clergy by <a href="/wiki/Synod" title="Synod">synods</a> and <a href="/wiki/Statute" title="Statute">statutes</a> during the late <a href="/wiki/Middle_Ages" title="Middle Ages">Middle Ages</a>." </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Modern_use">Modern use</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cope&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Modern use"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Catholic_Church">Catholic Church</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cope&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Catholic Church"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Beno%C3%AEt_xvi_manteau.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Beno%C3%AEt_xvi_manteau.jpg/220px-Beno%C3%AEt_xvi_manteau.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Beno%C3%AEt_xvi_manteau.jpg/330px-Beno%C3%AEt_xvi_manteau.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Beno%C3%AEt_xvi_manteau.jpg/440px-Beno%C3%AEt_xvi_manteau.jpg 2x" data-file-width="859" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>A red papal cope, worn with a <a href="/wiki/Mitre" title="Mitre">mitre</a> by <a href="/wiki/Pope_Benedict_XVI" title="Pope Benedict XVI">Pope Benedict XVI</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Under all these different forms the cope has not substantially changed its character or shape. The cope is a vestment for processions worn by all ranks of the clergy when assisting at a liturgical function, but it is never worn by the <a href="/wiki/Priesthood_(Catholic_Church)" class="mw-redirect" title="Priesthood (Catholic Church)">priest</a> and his sacred ministers in celebrating the Mass. At a <a href="/wiki/Pontifical_High_Mass" title="Pontifical High Mass">Pontifical High Mass</a> the cope was worn by the "<a href="/wiki/Assistant_priest" class="mw-redirect" title="Assistant priest">assistant priest</a>," a priest who assists the <a href="/wiki/Bishop" title="Bishop">bishop</a> who is the actual celebrant. In the <a href="/wiki/Sarum_Rite" class="mw-redirect" title="Sarum Rite">Sarum Rite</a>, the Cope was also prescribed for members of the choir at various times.<sup id="cite_ref-cathenCope_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cathenCope-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It is now the vestment assigned to the celebrant, whether priest or bishop, for almost all functions except the Mass when the celebrant wears the chasuble instead. The cope is used, for example, in <a href="/wiki/Procession" title="Procession">processions</a>, in the greater <a href="/wiki/Blessing_(Roman_Catholic_Church)" class="mw-redirect" title="Blessing (Roman Catholic Church)">blessings</a> and <a href="/wiki/Consecration" class="mw-redirect" title="Consecration">consecrations</a>, at the solemnly celebrated Liturgy of the Hours, in giving <a href="/wiki/Benediction_of_the_Blessed_Sacrament" title="Benediction of the Blessed Sacrament">Benediction of the Blessed Sacrament</a>, and the celebration of other <a href="/wiki/Sacrament" title="Sacrament">sacraments</a> outside of Mass. For most of these the celebrant may instead wear simply <a href="/wiki/Cassock" title="Cassock">cassock</a> and <a href="/wiki/Surplice" title="Surplice">surplice</a> or alb, both with the <a href="/wiki/Stole_(vestment)" title="Stole (vestment)">stole</a>, for simpler celebrations. The chasuble, which is properly only worn for Mass, may also be worn during processions and other ceremonies that occur directly before or after Mass, such as the <a href="/wiki/Absolution" title="Absolution">absolutions</a> and <a href="/wiki/Funeral" title="Funeral">burial of the dead</a>, at the <a href="/wiki/Asperges" title="Asperges">Asperges</a> before Mass, and at the blessing and imposition of the ashes on <a href="/wiki/Ash_Wednesday" title="Ash Wednesday">Ash Wednesday</a>, to avoid the need for the celebrant to change vestments. </p><p>The <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la"><a href="/wiki/C%C3%A6remoniale_Episcoporum" class="mw-redirect" title="Cæremoniale Episcoporum">Cæremoniale Episcoporum</a></i></span> envisages its use by a bishop if presiding at but not celebrating Mass, for the Liturgy of the Hours, for processions, at the special ceremonies on the Feast of the <a href="/wiki/Presentation_of_the_Lord" class="mw-redirect" title="Presentation of the Lord">Presentation of the Lord</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lent" title="Lent">Lenten</a> gatherings modelled on the "stations" in Rome, <a href="/wiki/Palm_Sunday" title="Palm Sunday">Palm Sunday</a> and <a href="/wiki/Corpus_Christi_(feast)" class="mw-redirect" title="Corpus Christi (feast)">Corpus Christi</a>. The bishop may use a cope when celebrating outside of Mass the sacraments of <a href="/wiki/Baptism" title="Baptism">baptism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Confirmation" title="Confirmation">confirmation</a>, <a href="/wiki/Matrimony" class="mw-redirect" title="Matrimony">matrimony</a>, <a href="/wiki/Penance" title="Penance">penance</a> in solemn form, <a href="/wiki/Ordination" title="Ordination">ordination</a> (if not concelebrating), and <a href="/wiki/Anointing_of_the_sick" title="Anointing of the sick">anointing of the sick</a>. The list in the index of the <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">Cæremoniale Episcoporum</i></span> continues with several more cases. </p><p>As regards <a href="/wiki/Liturgical_colours" title="Liturgical colours">liturgical colours</a>, the cope usually follows the color assigned to that day in the <a href="/wiki/Liturgical_calendar" class="mw-redirect" title="Liturgical calendar">liturgical calendar</a>, although white may always be worn for celebrations of a joyful character or before the Blessed Sacrament, and violet may always be worn for celebrations of a <a href="/wiki/Penitence" class="mw-redirect" title="Penitence">penitential</a> character. It may be made of any rich or becoming material, including <a href="/wiki/Cloth_of_gold" title="Cloth of gold">cloth of gold</a> (which may be used in place of any colour except violet or black). Owing to its ample dimensions and unvarying shape, ancient copes have been preserved in proportionately greater numbers than other vestments and provide the finest surviving specimens of medieval embroidery. Among these the "Syon Cope" in the <a href="/wiki/Victoria_and_Albert_Museum" title="Victoria and Albert Museum">Victoria and Albert Museum</a>, London, and the "Ascoli Cope" in the Pinacoteca Civica, <a href="/wiki/Ascoli_Piceno" title="Ascoli Piceno">Ascoli Piceno</a>, are remarkable as representing the highest excellence of that specially English thirteenth-century embroidery known as the <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">opus anglicanum</i></span> ('English work'). Copes also provide some magnificent specimens of the jeweller's craft. The brooch or clasp, meant to fasten the cope in front, and variously called morse, pectoral, bottone, etc., was an object often in the highest degree precious and costly. The work which was the foundation of all the fortunes of <a href="/wiki/Benvenuto_Cellini" title="Benvenuto Cellini">Benvenuto Cellini</a> was the magnificent morse which he made for Pope <a href="/wiki/Clement_VII" class="mw-redirect" title="Clement VII">Clement VII</a>. Some admirable examples of these morses still survive. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pope_Paul_VI_wearing_the_mantum.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e8/Pope_Paul_VI_wearing_the_mantum.jpg/220px-Pope_Paul_VI_wearing_the_mantum.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="348" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/e/e8/Pope_Paul_VI_wearing_the_mantum.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="253" data-file-height="400" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Pope_Paul_VI" title="Pope Paul VI">Pope Paul VI</a> wearing the mantum</figcaption></figure> <p>The mantum is longer than a cope, and is fastened in the front by an elaborate morse. In earlier centuries it was red, at the time the papal colour. In the 11th and 12th centuries the <i>immantatio</i>, or bestowal of the mantum on the newly-elected pope, was regarded as specially symbolical of <a href="/wiki/Investiture" title="Investiture">investiture</a> with papal authority. After the <a href="/wiki/Second_Vatican_Council" title="Second Vatican Council">Second Vatican Council</a> and the pontificate of <a href="/wiki/Pope_Paul_VI" title="Pope Paul VI">Pope Paul VI</a>, the mantum fell out of use. Some old mantums have been made into copes by being shortened.<sup id="cite_ref-cathenCope_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cathenCope-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Cappa_magna"><span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">Cappa magna</i></span></h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cope&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Cappa magna"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">cappa magna</i></span> ("great cape") is a voluminous mantle with a long <a href="/wiki/Train_(clothing)" title="Train (clothing)">train</a>, proper to <a href="/wiki/Cardinal_(Catholicism)" class="mw-redirect" title="Cardinal (Catholicism)">cardinals</a>, bishops, and other honorary <a href="/wiki/Prelate" title="Prelate">prelates</a>. It is a jurisdictional garment.<sup id="cite_ref-cathenCope_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cathenCope-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">cappa magna</i></span> is not strictly a liturgical vestment, but only a glorified <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">cappa choralis</i></span>, or choir cope. It is worn in processions or in choir by those attending but not celebrating services. Its colour for cardinals is ordinarily red; for bishops it is violet. Cardinals and <a href="/wiki/Papal_nuncio" class="mw-redirect" title="Papal nuncio">papal nuncios</a> are entitled to wear a <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">cappa magna</i></span> of <a href="/wiki/Watered_silk" class="mw-redirect" title="Watered silk">watered silk</a>. </p><p>The <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">cappa magna</i></span> has a large hood, lined with <a href="/wiki/Stoat" title="Stoat">ermine</a> in winter and silk in summer. It is made to cover not only the back, breast, and shoulders. The hood is functional and was in the past placed on the head and covered with the <i><a href="/wiki/Galero" title="Galero">galero</a></i>, as when the pope created a new cardinal at a <a href="/wiki/Papal_consistory" title="Papal consistory">consistory</a>. The hood is normally worn over the head only during <a href="/wiki/Penitential_Act" title="Penitential Act">penitential rites</a>. The few remaining cardinals who still use this garment wear red. </p><p>The <i><a href="/wiki/Motu_proprio" title="Motu proprio">motu proprio</a></i> <i>Valde solliciti</i><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> of 30 November 1952 decreed that the train of the <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">cappa magna</i></span> should be shortened by about half, from 15 to 7 metres (49 to 23 ft).<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 1969 "Instruction on the Dress, Titles and Coats-of-arms of Cardinals, Bishops and Lesser Prelates" laid down that:<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <blockquote><p>The <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">cappa magna</i></span>, always without ermine, is no longer obligatory; it can be used only outside of Rome, in circumstances of very special solemnity.</p></blockquote> <p>It is hardly ever used, except in celebrations according to pre-1969 liturgical books, as when deacons of the <a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Christ_the_King_Sovereign_Priest" title="Institute of Christ the King Sovereign Priest">Institute of Christ the King Sovereign Priest</a> were <a href="/wiki/Ordained" class="mw-redirect" title="Ordained">ordained</a> in 2009.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Latin_Patriarch_of_Jerusalem" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin Patriarch of Jerusalem">Latin Patriarch of Jerusalem</a> uses the ermine-lined winter <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">cappa</i></span>, because he is bound by the complex and unalterable rules of the <i><a href="/wiki/Status_quo_(Holy_Land_sites)" class="mw-redirect" title="Status quo (Holy Land sites)">Status quo</a></i>, an 1852 <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman</a> <a href="/wiki/Firman" title="Firman">firman</a> which regulates the delicate relations between the various religious groups that care for the religious sites in the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Land" title="Holy Land">Holy Land</a>. This anomaly is most evident at the Midnight Mass on <a href="/wiki/Christmas_Eve" title="Christmas Eve">Christmas Eve</a> in <a href="/wiki/Bethlehem" title="Bethlehem">Bethlehem</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Anglican_Communion">Anglican Communion</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cope&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Anglican Communion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:248px;max-width:248px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:122px;max-width:122px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Copefront.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Copefront.jpg/120px-Copefront.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Copefront.jpg/180px-Copefront.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Copefront.jpg/240px-Copefront.jpg 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="640" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:122px;max-width:122px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Copeback.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Copeback.jpg/120px-Copeback.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Copeback.jpg/180px-Copeback.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Copeback.jpg/240px-Copeback.jpg 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="640" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flex"><div class="thumbcaption">An <a href="/wiki/Anglicanism" title="Anglicanism">Anglican</a> <a href="/wiki/Priest" title="Priest">priest</a> wearing a cope over <a href="/wiki/Cassock" title="Cassock">cassock</a>, <a href="/wiki/Surplice" title="Surplice">surplice</a> and <a href="/wiki/Stole_(vestment)" title="Stole (vestment)">stole</a></div></div></div></div> <p>The earliest <a href="/wiki/Book_of_Common_Prayer" title="Book of Common Prayer">Book of Common Prayer</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Church_of_England" title="Church of England">Church of England</a> contemplated the continued use of the cope, with the post-<a href="/wiki/English_Reformation" title="English Reformation">English Reformation</a> 1549 Prayer Book specifying that the priest at <a href="/wiki/Holy_Communion" class="mw-redirect" title="Holy Communion">Holy Communion</a> should wear "a vestment or cope". It was common, particularly in English cathedrals, for the priest or bishop to wear a cope for Holy Communion. In the contemporary <a href="/wiki/Anglican_Communion" title="Anglican Communion">Anglican Communion</a>, the cope can be worn. Lay ministers, such as <a href="/wiki/Reader_(liturgy)" title="Reader (liturgy)">readers</a>, are permitted to wear copes on certain occasions, and it is also a tradition for clergy to wear copes on diocesan occasions. </p><p>A cope is worn by the <a href="/wiki/Archbishop_of_Canterbury" title="Archbishop of Canterbury">Archbishop of Canterbury</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Coronation_of_the_British_monarch" title="Coronation of the British monarch">coronation of the Sovereign</a>. <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_II_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom">Queen Elizabeth II</a> presented a set of ornate copes to the Canons of <a href="/wiki/Westminster_Abbey" title="Westminster Abbey">Westminster Abbey</a> as a coronation gift.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lutheran_denominations">Lutheran denominations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cope&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Lutheran denominations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Biskopsvigning_Uppsala_Domkyrka_2011-03-06_002.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Biskopsvigning_Uppsala_Domkyrka_2011-03-06_002.jpg/220px-Biskopsvigning_Uppsala_Domkyrka_2011-03-06_002.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Biskopsvigning_Uppsala_Domkyrka_2011-03-06_002.jpg/330px-Biskopsvigning_Uppsala_Domkyrka_2011-03-06_002.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Biskopsvigning_Uppsala_Domkyrka_2011-03-06_002.jpg/440px-Biskopsvigning_Uppsala_Domkyrka_2011-03-06_002.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3776" data-file-height="2832" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Sweden" title="Church of Sweden">Church of Sweden</a> bishops with <a href="/wiki/Crosier" class="mw-redirect" title="Crosier">crosiers</a> wearing copes and <a href="/wiki/Mitre" title="Mitre">mitres</a> over <a href="/wiki/Alb" title="Alb">albs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Amice" title="Amice">amices</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stole_(vestment)" title="Stole (vestment)">stoles</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pectoral_cross" title="Pectoral cross">pectoral crosses</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The cope is usually worn only for processions and services of the Divine Office (morning and evening prayers) in most Lutheran denominations. In the <a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Lutheran_Church_in_America" title="Evangelical Lutheran Church in America">Evangelical Lutheran Church in America</a>, a cope is usually worn by the bishop when not serving as the presiding minister at Holy Communion. In the <a href="/wiki/Church_of_Norway" title="Church of Norway">Church of Norway</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Church_of_Denmark" title="Church of Denmark">Church of Denmark</a> the cope is reserved for use by bishops. It is infrequently worn by clerics in the <a href="/wiki/Lutheran_Church%E2%80%93Missouri_Synod" class="mw-redirect" title="Lutheran Church–Missouri Synod">Lutheran Church–Missouri Synod</a> or other Lutheran denominations, although its use has increased in recent decades.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/Church_of_Sweden" title="Church of Sweden">Church of Sweden</a>, bishops regularly wear the cope together with a mitre, crosier and pectoral cross. A cope can also be worn by priests on solemn and ceremonial occasions, such as when presiding over baptisms, weddings and funerals. Copes are not worn as a eucharistic vestment by either bishops or priests, when the chasuble is instead prescribed for both.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Universities">Universities</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cope&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Universities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As part of <a href="/wiki/Academic_dress" title="Academic dress">academic dress</a>, the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Cambridge" title="University of Cambridge">University of Cambridge</a> uses a cope known as a <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">cappa clausa</i></span>, made of scarlet superfine cloth with the cowl lined and the cape opening edged with white fur. This was once the <a href="/wiki/Congregation_(university)" title="Congregation (university)">congregation</a> robe of a <a href="/wiki/Doctor_of_Divinity" title="Doctor of Divinity">Doctor of Divinity</a>, but has now come to be the <a href="/wiki/List_of_vice-chancellors_of_the_University_of_Cambridge" title="List of vice-chancellors of the University of Cambridge">Vice-Chancellor</a>'s official congregation dress when conferring degrees. Professors, chairs of degree boards, and their deputies also wear a cope presenting candidates for higher doctoral degrees. The only other place that uses a cope is the <a href="/wiki/University_of_the_South" class="mw-redirect" title="University of the South">University of the South</a> (United States), where the cape hem is edged in fur. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cope&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ferraiolo" title="Ferraiolo">Ferraiolo</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources_and_references">Sources and references</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cope&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Sources and references"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFRiefstahl1932" class="citation journal cs1">Riefstahl, Rudolf M. (December 1932). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/3050837">"Greek Orthodox Vestments and Ecclesiastical Fabrics"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Art_Bulletin" class="mw-redirect" title="The Art Bulletin">The Art Bulletin</a></i>. <b>14</b> (4): 359–373. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F3050837">10.2307/3050837</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/3050837">3050837</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Art+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Greek+Orthodox+Vestments+and+Ecclesiastical+Fabrics&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=359-373&rft.date=1932-12&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F3050837&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F3050837%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Riefstahl&rft.aufirst=Rudolf+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F3050837&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACope" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cathenCope-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-cathenCope_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cathenCope_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cathenCope_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cathenCope_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cathenCope_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cathenCope_2-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cathenCope_2-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThurston1908" class="citation cs2">Thurston, Herbert (1908), "Cope", <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04351a.htm"><i>The Catholic Encyclopedia</i></a>, vol. IV, New York: Robert Appleton Company<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-07-26</span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Cope&rft.btitle=The+Catholic+Encyclopedia&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Robert+Appleton+Company&rft.date=1908&rft.aulast=Thurston&rft.aufirst=Herbert&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.newadvent.org%2Fcathen%2F04351a.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACope" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Public Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196" /></span></span> This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">See <i><a href="/wiki/Mon._Germ._Hist." class="mw-redirect" title="Mon. Germ. Hist.">Mon. Germ. Hist.</a></i>: "Epist. Carol.", II, 512.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bishop, Edmund, <i><a href="/wiki/Dublin_Review_(Catholic_periodical)" title="Dublin Review (Catholic periodical)">Dublin Review</a></i>, January 1897.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bishop, <i>loc. cit.</i>, p. 24.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304060557/http://www2.fiu.edu/~mirandas/valde.htm">"FIU.edu"</a>. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www2.fiu.edu/~mirandas/guide-xx.htm">the original</a> on 2015-10-26<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-02-17</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Cardinals+of+the+Holy+Roman+Church&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww2.fiu.edu%2F~mirandas%2Fguide-xx.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACope" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fiu.edu/~mirandas/instruction69.htm">FIU.edu</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ncronline.org/blogs/ncr-today/cardinal-rod%C3%A9-photos-meditation">Cardinal Rodé photos: a meditation</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101014073112/http://ncronline.org/blogs/ncr-today/cardinal-rod%C3%A9-photos-meditation">Archived</a> 2010-10-14 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.westminster-abbey.org/abbey-commemorations/royals/elizabeth-ii">"Elizabeth II"</a>. <i>Westminster Abbey</i>. 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Westminster+Abbey&rft.atitle=Elizabeth+II&rft.date=2022&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.westminster-abbey.org%2Fabbey-commemorations%2Froyals%2Felizabeth-ii&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACope" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBlock2023" class="citation web cs1">Block, Mathew (2023-06-22). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ilc-online.org/2023/06/22/lcms-reelects-president-matthew-harrison-2/">"LCMS reelects President Matthew Harrison"</a>. <i>International Lutheran Council</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Vol. 7 (11th ed.). 1911. pp. 95–96.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Cope&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.pages=95-96&rft.edition=11th&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACope" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/18px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/24px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span> This article incorporates text from a publication now in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). "<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Catholic_Encyclopedia_(1913)/Cope" class="extiw" title="s:Catholic Encyclopedia (1913)/Cope">Cope</a>". <i><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Encyclopedia" title="Catholic Encyclopedia">Catholic Encyclopedia</a></i>. New York: Robert Appleton Company.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Cope&rft.btitle=Catholic+Encyclopedia&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Robert+Appleton+Company&rft.date=1913&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACope" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output 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template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Papacy" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Pope" title="Pope">Papacy</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:gold"><div><a href="/wiki/Episcopal_polity" title="Episcopal polity">Episcopate</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Bishop_in_the_Catholic_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Bishop in the Catholic Church">bishop</a> of <a href="/wiki/Holy_See" title="Holy See">Rome</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Jurisdiction" title="Jurisdiction">Jurisdiction</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Holy_See(Full_communion)" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Holy_See" title="Holy See">Holy See</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/Full_communion" title="Full communion">Full communion</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Pope" title="Pope">Pope</a> <a href="/wiki/Pope_Francis" title="Pope Francis">Francis</a></b> as <a href="/wiki/Bishop_in_the_Catholic_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Bishop in the Catholic Church">bishop</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Rome" title="Diocese of Rome">Diocese of Rome</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Papal_primacy" title="Papal primacy">Primacy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_papal_primacy" title="History of papal primacy">History</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Vatican_City(index,_outline)" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Vatican_City" title="Vatican City">Vatican City</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/Index_of_Vatican_City%E2%80%93related_articles" title="Index of Vatican City–related articles">index</a>, <a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Vatican_City" title="Outline of Vatican City">outline</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Enclaved" class="mw-redirect" title="Enclaved">Enclaved</a> in <a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a>, <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lateran_Treaty" title="Lateran Treaty">Lateran Treaty</a>, 1929</li></ul></li> <li>along with <a href="/wiki/Extraterritoriality" title="Extraterritoriality">extraterritorial</a> <a href="/wiki/Properties_of_the_Holy_See" title="Properties of the Holy See">properties of the Holy See</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Headquarters</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_City" title="Vatican City">Vatican City</a>:</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Palace" title="Apostolic Palace">Apostolic Palace</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Papal_apartments" title="Papal apartments">Papal apartments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sistine_Chapel" title="Sistine Chapel">Sistine Chapel</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a>:</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archbasilica_of_Saint_John_Lateran" title="Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran">Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran</a> (<a href="/wiki/Cathedra" title="Cathedra">cathedra</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Major_basilica" class="mw-redirect" title="Major basilica">Major basilicas</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Archbasilica_of_Saint_John_Lateran" title="Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran">Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Peter%27s_Basilica" title="St. Peter's Basilica">St. Peter's Basilica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basilica_di_Santa_Maria_Maggiore" class="mw-redirect" title="Basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore">Basilica of Saint Mary Major</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basilica_of_Saint_Paul_Outside_the_Walls" title="Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls">Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Papal_titles" title="Papal titles">Titles</a><br /><small><a href="/wiki/Papal_name" title="Papal name">Papal names</a></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Holiness_(style)" title="Holiness (style)">His Holiness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Rome" class="mw-redirect" title="Bishop of Rome">Bishop of Rome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vicar_of_Christ" title="Vicar of Christ">Vicar of Jesus Christ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Successor_of_the_Prince_of_the_Apostles" class="mw-redirect" title="Successor of the Prince of the Apostles">Successor of the Prince of the Apostles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifex_maximus#Catholic_Church_use_of_the_title" title="Pontifex maximus">Supreme Pontiff of the Universal Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patriarch_of_the_West" title="Patriarch of the West">Patriarch of the West</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Primate_of_Italy" class="mw-redirect" title="Primate of Italy">Primate of Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archbishop_and_Metropolitan_of_the_Roman_Province" class="mw-redirect" title="Archbishop and Metropolitan of the Roman Province">Archbishop and Metropolitan of the Roman Province</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sovereign_of_the_Vatican_City_State" class="mw-redirect" title="Sovereign of the Vatican City State">Sovereign of the Vatican City State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Servant_of_the_servants_of_God" title="Servant of the servants of God">Servant of the servants of God</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Symbol" title="Symbol">Symbols</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Papal_coats_of_arms" title="Papal coats of arms">Coats of arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Holy_See" title="Coat of arms of the Holy See">Coat of arms of the Holy See</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_cross" title="Papal cross">Cross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keys_of_Heaven" title="Keys of Heaven">Keys of Heaven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_regalia_and_insignia" title="Papal regalia and insignia">Regalia and insignia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rota_(papal_signature)" title="Rota (papal signature)">Rota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umbraculum" title="Umbraculum">Umbraculum</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Proclamations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Papal_infallibility" title="Papal infallibility">Infallibility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_constitution" title="Apostolic constitution">Apostolic constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_bull" title="Papal bull">Bull</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_papal_bulls" title="List of papal bulls">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Encyclical" title="Encyclical">Encyclical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_exhortation" title="Apostolic exhortation">Apostolic exhortation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecclesiastical_letter" title="Ecclesiastical letter">Ecclesiastical letter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interdict" title="Interdict">Interdict</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Activities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Papal_arbitration" title="Papal arbitration">Arbitration</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Papal_deposing_power" title="Papal deposing power">Deposition</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_blessing" title="Apostolic blessing">Blessing</a> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Episcopal_blessing" title="Episcopal blessing">Pontifical</a>"</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Urbi_et_Orbi" title="Urbi et Orbi">Urbi et Orbi</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_conclave" title="Papal conclave">Conclave</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_papal_elections" class="mw-redirect" title="List of papal elections">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_coronation" title="Papal coronation">Coronation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_consistory" title="Papal consistory">Consistory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_diplomatics" title="Papal diplomatics">Diplomacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_inauguration" title="Papal inauguration">Inauguration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_Mass" title="Papal Mass">Mass</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_High_Mass" title="Pontifical High Mass">High Mass</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_travel" title="Papal travel">Travel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_vestments" title="Pontifical vestments">Vestments</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Camauro" title="Camauro">Camauro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falda" title="Falda">Falda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_fanon" title="Papal fanon">Fanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_ferula" title="Papal ferula">Ferula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flabellum" title="Flabellum">Flabellum</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Mantle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitre" title="Mitre">Mitre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mozzetta" title="Mozzetta">Mozzetta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pallium" title="Pallium">Pallium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ring_of_the_Fisherman" title="Ring of the Fisherman">Ring of the Fisherman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_shoes" title="Papal shoes">Shoes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Papal_slippers" title="Papal slippers">Slippers</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sub-cinctorium" class="mw-redirect" title="Sub-cinctorium">Sub-cinctorium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_tiara" title="Papal tiara">Tiara</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_papal_tiaras_in_existence" title="List of papal tiaras in existence">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zucchetto" title="Zucchetto">Zucchetto</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Transportation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Popemobile" title="Popemobile">Popemobile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sedia_gestatoria" title="Sedia gestatoria">Sedia gestatoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shepherd_One" class="mw-redirect" title="Shepherd One">Shepherd One</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Papal_household" title="Papal household">Household</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Camerlengo_of_the_Holy_Roman_Church" title="Camerlengo of the Holy Roman Church">Camerlengo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_commanders_of_the_Pontifical_Swiss_Guard" class="mw-redirect" title="List of commanders of the Pontifical Swiss Guard">Commander</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Swiss_Guard" title="Swiss Guard">Swiss Guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaplain_of_His_Holiness" title="Chaplain of His Holiness">Chaplain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palatinus_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Palatinus in the Catholic Church">Palatinus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Papal_majordomo" title="Papal majordomo">Papal majordomo</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_gentleman" title="Papal gentleman">Gentlemen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Preacher" class="mw-redirect" title="Apostolic Preacher">Preacher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prefecture_of_the_Papal_household" class="mw-redirect" title="Prefecture of the Papal household">Prefect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prelate_of_Honour_of_His_Holiness" title="Prelate of Honour of His Holiness">Prelate of Honour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_assistant_to_the_Papal_throne" class="mw-redirect" title="Prince assistant to the Papal throne">Prince assistant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theologian_of_the_Pontifical_Household" title="Theologian of the Pontifical Household">Theologian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Staff</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/College_of_Cardinals" title="College of Cardinals">College of Cardinals</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cardinal_(Catholic_Church)" title="Cardinal (Catholic Church)">cardinals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_current_cardinals" title="List of current cardinals">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Curia" title="Roman Curia">Roman Curia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Camera" title="Apostolic Camera">Apostolic Camera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_commission" title="Pontifical commission">Commissions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Commission_for_Vatican_City_State" title="Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State">for Vatican City State</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_council" title="Pontifical council">Councils</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_(Roman_Curia)" title="Congregation (Roman Curia)">Congregations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dicastery" title="Dicastery">Dicasteries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synod_of_Bishops_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Synod of Bishops in the Catholic Church">Synods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cappella_Giulia" title="Cappella Giulia">Cappella Giulia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sistine_Chapel_Choir" title="Sistine Chapel Choir">Sistine Chapel Choir</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Papal_nobility" title="Papal nobility">Papal nobility</a> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Black_nobility" title="Black nobility">Black</a>"</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orders,_decorations,_and_medals_of_the_Holy_See" title="Orders, decorations, and medals of the Holy See">Orders of chivalry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_academy" title="Pontifical academy">Pontifical academy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_university" title="Pontifical university">Pontifical university</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_universities_in_Rome" title="Pontifical universities in Rome">in Rome</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Colleges" title="Roman Colleges">Pontifical colleges in Rome</a> <ul><li><a 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