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<span>Description</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Description-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Habitat" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Habitat"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Habitat</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Habitat-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Distribution" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Distribution"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Distribution</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Distribution-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Groups" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Groups"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Groups</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Groups-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Groups subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Groups-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Fish_eagles" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fish_eagles"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Fish eagles</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fish_eagles-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Booted_eagles" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Booted_eagles"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Booted eagles</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Booted_eagles-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Snake_eagles" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Snake_eagles"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Snake eagles</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Snake_eagles-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Harpy_eagles" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Harpy_eagles"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.4</span> <span>Harpy eagles</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Harpy_eagles-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Species" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Species"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Species</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Species-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>In culture</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-In_culture-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle In culture subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-In_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Etymology_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etymology_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Etymology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etymology_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Religion_and_spirituality" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religion_and_spirituality"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Religion and spirituality</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religion_and_spirituality-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Heraldry" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Heraldry"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3</span> <span>Heraldry</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Heraldry-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Eagle</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 142 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-142" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">142 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arend" title="Arend – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Arend" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8A%95%E1%88%A5%E1%88%AD" title="ንሥር – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ንሥር" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C" title="बाज – Angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="बाज" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="Angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earn" title="Earn – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Earn" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%A8_(%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B1)" title="عقاب (طائر) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="عقاب (طائر)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alica" title="Alica – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Alica" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81guila" title="Águila – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Águila" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paka" title="Paka – Aymara" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Paka" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="Aymara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%84" title="قارتال – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="قارتال" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikep" title="Sikep – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Sikep" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%88%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%B2" title="ঈগল – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ঈগল" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eng-%C3%A1" title="Eng-á – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Eng-á" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Орел – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Орел" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%96%E0%BE%B1%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BE%92%E0%BD%BC%E0%BD%91%E0%BC%8D" title="བྱ་རྒོད། – Tibetan" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="བྱ་རྒོད།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibetan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orao" title="Orao – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Orao" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erer" title="Erer – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Erer" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D2%AF%D1%80%D0%B3%D1%8D%D0%B4" title="Бүргэд – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Бүргэд" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%80guila" title="Àguila – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Àguila" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%82%D0%BC%C4%83%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B9%C4%83%D0%BA_%D0%B9%D1%8B%D1%88%D1%88%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="Ăмăрткайăк йышшисем – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Ăмăрткайăк йышшисем" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orel" title="Orel – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Orel" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gondo" title="Gondo – Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Gondo" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eryr" title="Eryr – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Eryr" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C9%94rili" title="Tɔrili – Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Tɔrili" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dagbanli</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%98rn" title="Ørn – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Ørn" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%A8" title="عقاب – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="عقاب" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goaskimat" title="Goaskimat – Northern Sami" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Goaskimat" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Northern Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pdc mw-list-item"><a href="https://pdc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aadler" title="Aadler – Pennsylvania German" lang="pdc" hreflang="pdc" data-title="Aadler" data-language-autonym="Deitsch" data-language-local-name="Pennsylvania German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deitsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adler_(Biologie)" title="Adler (Biologie) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Adler (Biologie)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ats%C3%A1" title="Atsá – Navajo" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Atsá" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="Navajo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kotkad" title="Kotkad – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Kotkad" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CE%B5%CF%84%CF%8C%CF%82" title="Αετός – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αετός" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8F%D0%BA%D1%88" title="Тумоатякш – Erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Тумоатякш" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="Erzya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81guila" title="Águila – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Águila" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aglo" title="Aglo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Aglo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arrano" title="Arrano – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Arrano" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ee mw-list-item"><a href="https://ee.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aho" title="Aho – Ewe" lang="ee" hreflang="ee" data-title="Aho" data-language-autonym="Eʋegbe" data-language-local-name="Ewe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eʋegbe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%A8" title="عقاب – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="عقاب" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%98rn" title="Ørn – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Ørn" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aigle" title="Aigle – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Aigle" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acuile" title="Acuile – Friulian" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Acuile" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="Friulian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iolar" title="Iolar – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Iolar" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iolair" title="Iolair – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Iolair" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aguia" title="Aguia – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Aguia" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%97%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%81%E0%AA%A1" title="ગરુડ – Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="ગરુડ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-got mw-list-item"><a href="https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8D%82%F0%90%8C%B0" title="𐌰𐍂𐌰 – Gothic" lang="got" hreflang="got" data-title="𐌰𐍂𐌰" data-language-autonym="𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺" data-language-local-name="Gothic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8An-ti%C3%A2u" title="Ên-tiâu – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Ên-tiâu" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%88%98%EB%A6%AC%EB%A5%98" title="수리류 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="수리류" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikiya" title="Mikiya – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Mikiya" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D6%80%D5%AE%D5%AB%D5%BE%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Արծիվներ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Արծիվներ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8" title="महाश्येन – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="महाश्येन" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orlovi" title="Orlovi – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Orlovi" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gor mw-list-item"><a href="https://gor.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buliya" title="Buliya – Gorontalo" lang="gor" hreflang="gor" data-title="Buliya" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Hulontalo" data-language-local-name="Gorontalo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Hulontalo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aglo" title="Aglo – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Aglo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elang" title="Elang – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Elang" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A2%D7%99%D7%98" title="עיט – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="עיט" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wulung" title="Wulung – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Wulung" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keziye" title="Keziye – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Keziye" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B9%E0%B2%A6%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A6%E0%B3%81" title="ಹದ್ದು – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಹದ್ದು" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agila" title="Agila – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Agila" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%9A%D9%B9%D9%90_%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%95%D9%84" title="گانٚٹِ نسٕل – Kashmiri" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="گانٚٹِ نسٕل" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="Kashmiri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Er" title="Er – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Er" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rn mw-list-item"><a href="https://rn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inkona" title="Inkona – Rundi" lang="rn" hreflang="rn" data-title="Inkona" data-language-autonym="Ikirundi" data-language-local-name="Rundi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikirundi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tai" title="Tai – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Tai" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%88g" title="Èg – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Èg" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eylo_(teyr)" title="Eylo (teyr) – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Eylo (teyr)" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lbe mw-list-item"><a href="https://lbe.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B7%D1%83" title="Барзу – Lak" lang="lbe" hreflang="lbe" data-title="Барзу" data-language-autonym="Лакку" data-language-local-name="Lak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лакку</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aquila" title="Aquila – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Aquila" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%92rg%C4%BCi_(putni)" title="Ērgļi (putni) – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Ērgļi (putni)" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%8C_(%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D1%85%D0%B8%D1%80)" title="Лекь (луван ничхир) – Lezghian" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Лекь (луван ничхир)" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="Lezghian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ereliai" title="Ereliai – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Ereliai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agila" title="Agila – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Agila" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agola" title="Agola – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Agola" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sas" title="Sas – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Sas" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Орел – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Орел" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voromahery" title="Voromahery – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Voromahery" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D" title="പരുന്ത് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="പരുന്ത്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A1" title="गरुड – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="गरुड" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%B1" title="نسر – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="نسر" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mnw mw-list-item"><a href="https://mnw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9F%E1%80%9D%E1%80%BA%E1%80%80%E1%81%A0%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%81%8A_%E1%80%82%E1%80%85%E1%80%B1%E1%80%B6" title="ဟဝ်ကၠိုင်၊ ဂစေံ – Mon" lang="mnw" hreflang="mnw" data-title="ဟဝ်ကၠိုင်၊ ဂစေံ" data-language-autonym="ဘာသာမန်" data-language-local-name="Mon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ဘာသာမန်</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%8E%D9%84%D9%91%D9%87" title="اَلّه – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="اَلّه" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helang" title="Helang – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Helang" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alang" title="Alang – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Alang" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D1%86%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Куцькан – Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Куцькан" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D2%AF%D1%80%D0%B3%D1%8D%D0%B4" title="Бүргэд – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Бүргэд" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9D%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9C%E1%80%B0%E1%80%84%E1%80%BE%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA" title="ဝန်လူငှက် – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဝန်လူငှက်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuauhtli" title="Cuauhtli – Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="Cuauhtli" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nāhuatl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arend_(roofvogel)" title="Arend (roofvogel) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Arend (roofvogel)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B2" title="चील – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="चील" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE" title="इमा – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="इमा" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%B7%B2" title="鷲 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="鷲" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iarner" title="Iarner – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Iarner" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%98rner" title="Ørner – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Ørner" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%98rn" title="Ørn – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Ørn" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aigla" title="Aigla – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Aigla" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burgut" title="Burgut – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Burgut" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%89%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%AC" title="ਉਕਾਬ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਉਕਾਬ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ami mw-list-item"><a href="https://ami.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alilis" title="Alilis – Amis" lang="ami" hreflang="ami" data-title="Alilis" data-language-autonym="Pangcah" data-language-local-name="Amis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pangcah</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%A8" title="عقاب – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="عقاب" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%AA" title="گوربت – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="گوربت" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89cq" title="Écq – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Écq" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aadler" title="Aadler – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Aadler" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orze%C5%82_(taksonomia_ludowa)" title="Orzeł (taksonomia ludowa) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Orzeł (taksonomia ludowa)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81guia" title="Águia – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Águia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qartal" title="Qartal – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Qartal" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vultur" title="Vultur – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Vultur" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5" title="Орлиные – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Орлиные" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%83" title="श्येनः – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="श्येनः" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eagle" title="Eagle – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Eagle" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shqiponja" title="Shqiponja – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Shqiponja" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eagle" title="Eagle – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Eagle" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%A8" title="عقاب – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="عقاب" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu mw-list-item"><a href="https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D1%8C%D0%BB%D1%8A" title="Орьлъ – Church Slavic" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Орьлъ" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="Church Slavic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dafo" title="Dafo – Somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Dafo" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%BE%DB%95%DA%B5%DB%86" title="ھەڵۆ – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ھەڵۆ" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BE" title="Орао – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Орао" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orao" title="Orao – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Orao" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heulang" title="Heulang – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Heulang" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kotka_(lintu)" title="Kotka (lintu) – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kotka (lintu)" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%96rnar" title="Örnar – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Örnar" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agila" title="Agila – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Agila" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B4%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81" title="கழுகு – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கழுகு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ijider" title="Ijider – Kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Ijider" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tay mw-list-item"><a href="https://tay.wikipedia.org/wiki/kuwali" title="kuwali – Tayal" lang="tay" hreflang="tay" data-title="kuwali" data-language-autonym="Tayal" data-language-local-name="Tayal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tayal</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%A6%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A6%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81_(%E0%B0%AA%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B7%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%BF)" title="గద్దలు (పక్షిజాతి) – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="గద్దలు (పక్షిజాతి)" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5" title="อินทรี – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="อินทรี" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D2%9B%D0%BE%D0%B1" title="Уқоб – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Уқоб" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8E%A0%E1%8F%AC%E1%8E%AD%E1%8E%B5" title="ᎠᏬᎭᎵ – Cherokee" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᎠᏬᎭᎵ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="Cherokee" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chy mw-list-item"><a href="https://chy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Netse" title="Netse – Cheyenne" lang="chy" hreflang="chy" data-title="Netse" data-language-autonym="Tsetsêhestâhese" data-language-local-name="Cheyenne" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tsetsêhestâhese</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kartal" title="Kartal – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kartal" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D3%A6%D1%80%D3%9F%D0%B8" title="Ӧрӟи – Udmurt" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Ӧрӟи" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="Udmurt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Орел – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Орел" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%A8" title="عقاب – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="عقاب" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%88%D8%B1%D9%83%DB%88%D8%AA" title="بۈركۈت – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="بۈركۈت" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%A1i_b%C3%A0ng" title="Đại bàng – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Đại bàng" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kodask" title="Kodask – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Kodask" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aigue" title="Aigue – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Aigue" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agila" title="Agila – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Agila" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9B%95" title="雕 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="雕" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%93%D7%9C%D7%A2%D7%A8" title="אדלער – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="אדלער" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%B7%B9" title="鷹 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="鷹" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%B5%B0" title="鵰 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="鵰" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B5%89%E2%B4%B3%E2%B5%89%E2%B4%B7%E2%B5%94_(%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%A2%E2%B5%8D%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%8D)" title="ⵉⴳⵉⴷⵔ (ⴰⵢⵍⴰⵍ) – Standard Moroccan Tamazight" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⵉⴳⵉⴷⵔ (ⴰⵢⵍⴰⵍ)" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="Standard Moroccan Tamazight" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2092297#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the bird. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Eagle_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Eagle (disambiguation)">Eagle (disambiguation)</a> and <a href="/wiki/Eagles_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Eagles (disambiguation)">Eagles (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <table class="infobox biota biota-infobox"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" class="section-header" style="background:rgb(235,235,210);">Eagle </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="image-section"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Eagles_together.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="From left to right, top row first: golden eagle (Aquila chrysaetos), brown snake eagle (Circaetus cinereus), solitary eagle (Buteogallus solitarius), black eagle (Ictinaetus malaiensis) and African fish eagle (Haliaeetus vocifer)." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Eagles_together.jpg/220px-Eagles_together.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="183" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Eagles_together.jpg/330px-Eagles_together.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Eagles_together.jpg/440px-Eagles_together.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1154" data-file-height="960" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="image-section">From left to right, top row first: <a href="/wiki/Golden_eagle" title="Golden eagle">golden eagle</a> (<i>Aquila chrysaetos</i>), <a href="/wiki/Brown_snake_eagle" title="Brown snake eagle">brown snake eagle</a> (<i>Circaetus cinereus</i>), <a href="/wiki/Solitary_eagle" title="Solitary eagle">solitary eagle</a> (<i>Buteogallus solitarius</i>), <a href="/wiki/Black_eagle" title="Black eagle">black eagle</a> (<i>Ictinaetus malaiensis</i>) and <a href="/wiki/African_fish_eagle" title="African fish eagle">African fish eagle</a> (<i>Haliaeetus vocifer</i>). </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" class="section-header" style="min-width:15em;text-align:center;background:rgb(235,235,210);"><a href="/wiki/Taxonomy_(biology)" title="Taxonomy (biology)">Scientific classification</a><span class="plainlinks" style="font-size:smaller; float:right; padding-right:0.4em; margin-left:-3em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Template:Taxonomy/Accipitridae" title="Edit this classification"><img alt="Edit this classification" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/23px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/30px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span> </th></tr> <tr> <td>Domain: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Eukaryote" title="Eukaryote">Eukaryota</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Kingdom: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Animal" title="Animal">Animalia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Phylum: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Chordate" title="Chordate">Chordata</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Class: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bird" title="Bird">Aves</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Order: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Accipitriformes" title="Accipitriformes">Accipitriformes</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Family: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Accipitridae" title="Accipitridae">Accipitridae</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" class="section-header" style="background:rgb(235,235,210);">Species </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="section-content"> <p>See <a href="#Species">text</a> </p> </td></tr></tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1227369696">.mw-parser-output table.biota-infobox{text-align:left;width:200px;font-size:100%}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.biota-infobox td:not(.image-section){padding:2px 10px}.mw-parser-output table.biota-infobox th.section-header{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output table.biota-infobox td.section-content{text-align:left;padding:0 0.25em}.mw-parser-output table.biota-infobox td.list-section{text-align:left;padding:0 0.25em}.mw-parser-output table.biota-infobox td.taxon-section{text-align:left;padding:0 0.25em}.mw-parser-output table.biota-infobox td.image-section{text-align:center;font-size:88%}.mw-parser-output table.biota-infobox table.taxonomy{margin:0 auto;text-align:left;background:transparent;padding:2px}.mw-parser-output table.biota-infobox table.taxonomy tr{vertical-align:top}.mw-parser-output table.biota-infobox table.taxonomy td{padding:1px}</style> <p><b>Eagle</b> is the common name for the <a href="/wiki/Golden_eagle" title="Golden eagle">golden eagle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bald_eagle" title="Bald eagle">bald eagle</a>, and other <a href="/wiki/Bird_of_prey" title="Bird of prey">birds of prey</a> in the family of the <a href="/wiki/Accipitridae" title="Accipitridae">Accipitridae</a>. Eagles belong to several groups of <a href="/wiki/Genus" title="Genus">genera</a>, some of which are closely related. True eagles comprise the genus <i><a href="/wiki/Aquila_(bird)" title="Aquila (bird)">Aquila</a></i>. Most of the 68 <a href="/wiki/Species" title="Species">species</a> of eagles are from <a href="/wiki/Eurasia" title="Eurasia">Eurasia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Africa" title="Africa">Africa</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Outside this area, just 14 species can be found—two in <a href="/wiki/North_America" title="North America">North America</a>, nine in Central and <a href="/wiki/South_America" title="South America">South America</a>, and three in <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a>. </p><p>Eagles are not a natural group but denote essentially any kind of bird of prey large enough to hunt sizeable (about 50 cm long or more overall) <a href="/wiki/Vertebrate" title="Vertebrate">vertebrates</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eagle&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The word "eagle" is borrowed into English from <a href="/wiki/Anglo-Norman_language" title="Anglo-Norman language">Anglo-Norman</a>: <i lang="xno">eagle</i> and <a href="/wiki/Middle_French_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Middle French language">Middle French</a>: <i lang="frm">aigle</i>, both derived ultimately from <a href="/wiki/Latin_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin language">Latin</a>: <i lang="la">aquila</i> ("eagle"). It is cognate with terms such as <a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a>: <i lang="fr">aigle</i>, <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_language" title="Portuguese language">Portuguese</a>: <i lang="pt">águia</i> and <a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a>: <i lang="es">águila</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is broadly synonymous with the less common English term "erne" or "earn", deriving from <a href="/wiki/Middle_English_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Middle English language">Middle English</a>: <i lang="enm">ern</i>, from <a href="/wiki/Old_English_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Old English language">Old English</a>: <i lang="ang">earn</i>, in which it acts as the usual word for the bird. The Old English term is turn derived from <a href="/wiki/Proto-Germanic_language" title="Proto-Germanic language">Proto-Germanic</a>: *<i lang="gem">arnuz</i> and is cognate with other synonymous words in Germanic languages such as <a href="/wiki/Swedish_language" title="Swedish language">Swedish</a>: <i lang="sv">örn</i>, <a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a>: <i lang="de">Aar</i> and <a href="/wiki/Gothic_language" title="Gothic language">Gothic</a>: <i lang="got">ara</i>. Through the <a href="/wiki/Proto-Indo-European" class="mw-redirect" title="Proto-Indo-European">Proto-Indo-European</a> root, it is further related to words such as <a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a>: <span lang="el">ὄρνις</span> ("bird") and <a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_language" title="Lithuanian language">Lithuanian</a>: <i lang="lt">erelis</i> ("eagle"). Although "erne" can be used to refer to any eagle, it is most commonly used for the golden eagle or sea-eagle.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Description">Description</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eagle&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Description"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Eagles are large, powerfully-built <a href="/wiki/Birds_of_prey" class="mw-redirect" title="Birds of prey">birds of prey</a>, with heavy heads and beaks. Even the smallest eagles, such as the <a href="/wiki/Booted_eagle" title="Booted eagle">booted eagle</a> (<i>Hieraaetus pennatus</i>), which is comparable in size to a <a href="/wiki/Common_buzzard" title="Common buzzard">common buzzard</a> (<i>Buteo buteo</i>) or <a href="/wiki/Red-tailed_hawk" title="Red-tailed hawk">red-tailed hawk</a> (<i>B. jamaicensis</i>), have relatively longer and more evenly broad wings, and more direct, faster flight, despite the reduced size of their aerodynamic feathers. Most eagles are larger than any other <a href="/wiki/Raptor_(bird)" class="mw-redirect" title="Raptor (bird)">raptors</a>, apart from some <a href="/wiki/Vulture" title="Vulture">vultures</a>. The smallest species of eagle is the <a href="/wiki/Great_Nicobar_serpent_eagle" title="Great Nicobar serpent eagle">Great Nicobar serpent eagle</a> (<i>Spilornis klossi</i>), at 450 g (1 lb) and 40 cm (16 in). The largest species are discussed below. Like all birds of prey, eagles have very large hooked <a href="/wiki/Beak" title="Beak">beaks</a> for ripping flesh from their prey, strong, muscular legs, and powerful <a href="/wiki/Claw" title="Claw">talons</a>. </p><p>The beak is typically heavier than that of most other birds of prey. Eagles' eyes are extremely powerful. It is estimated that the <a href="/wiki/Wedge-tailed_eagle" title="Wedge-tailed eagle">wedge-tailed eagle</a> has a <a href="/wiki/Visual_acuity" title="Visual acuity">visual acuity</a> twice that of a typical human.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This acuity enables eagles to spot potential prey from a very long distance. This keen eyesight is primarily attributed to their extremely large pupils which ensure minimal <a href="/wiki/Diffraction" title="Diffraction">diffraction</a> (scattering) of the incoming light. Like most diurnal raptors, eagles have little ability to see <a href="/wiki/Ultraviolet" title="Ultraviolet">ultraviolet</a> light.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The female of all known species of eagles is larger than the male.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Grambo2003_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Grambo2003-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Eagles normally build their nests, called <a href="/wiki/Bird_nest" title="Bird nest">eyries</a>, in tall trees or on high cliffs. Many species lay two eggs, but the older, larger chick frequently kills its younger sibling once it has hatched. The parents take no action to stop the killing.<sup id="cite_ref-gambo_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gambo-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-stinson_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stinson-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is said<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch#Unsupported_attributions" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch"><span title="The material near this tag may use weasel words or too-vague attribution. (June 2024)">by whom?</span></a></i>]</sup> that eagles fly above clouds but this is not true.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Eagles fly during storms and glide from the wind's pressure. This saves the bird's energy. Due to the size and power of many eagle species, they are ranked at the top of the food chain as <a href="/wiki/Apex_predator" title="Apex predator">apex predators</a> in the avian world. The type of prey varies by genus. The <i><a href="/wiki/Haliaeetus" title="Haliaeetus">Haliaeetus</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Icthyophaga" title="Icthyophaga">Icthyophaga</a></i> eagles prefer to capture fish, though the species in the former often capture various animals, especially other <a href="/wiki/Water_bird" title="Water bird">water birds</a>, and are powerful <a href="/wiki/Kleptoparasitism" title="Kleptoparasitism">kleptoparasites</a> of other birds. The snake and serpent eagles of the genera <i><a href="/wiki/Circaetus" title="Circaetus">Circaetus</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Bateleur" title="Bateleur">Terathopius</a></i>, and <i><a href="/wiki/Spilornis" title="Spilornis">Spilornis</a></i> predominantly prey on the great diversity of <a href="/wiki/Snake" title="Snake">snakes</a> found in the tropics of Africa and Asia. The eagles of the genus <i><a href="/wiki/Aquila_(genus)" class="mw-redirect" title="Aquila (genus)">Aquila</a></i> are often the top birds of prey in open habitats, taking almost any medium-sized <a href="/wiki/Vertebrate" title="Vertebrate">vertebrate</a> they can catch. Where <i>Aquila</i> eagles are absent, other eagles, such as the <a href="/wiki/Buteoninae" title="Buteoninae">buteonine</a> <a href="/wiki/Black-chested_buzzard-eagle" title="Black-chested buzzard-eagle">black-chested buzzard-eagle</a> of South America, may assume the position of top raptorial predator in open areas. Many other eagles, including the species-rich genus <i><a href="/wiki/Spizaetus" title="Spizaetus">Spizaetus</a></i>, live predominantly in woodlands and forests. These eagles often target various arboreal or ground-dwelling mammals and birds, which are often unsuspectingly ambushed in such dense, knotty environments. Hunting techniques differ among the species and genera, with some individual eagles having engaged in quite varied techniques based on their environment and prey at any given time. Most eagles grab prey without landing and take flight with it, so the prey can be carried to a perch and torn apart.<sup id="cite_ref-RaptorsWorld_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RaptorsWorld-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Bald_eagle" title="Bald eagle">bald eagle</a> is noted for having flown with the heaviest load verified to be carried by any flying bird, since one eagle flew with a 6.8 kg (15 lb) <a href="/wiki/Mule_deer" title="Mule deer">mule deer</a> fawn.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, a few eagles may target prey considerably heavier than themselves; such prey is too heavy to fly with, thus it is either eaten at the site of the kill or taken in pieces back to a perch or nest. <a href="/wiki/Golden_eagle" title="Golden eagle">Golden</a> and <a href="/wiki/Crowned_eagle" title="Crowned eagle">crowned eagles</a> have killed <a href="/wiki/Ungulate" title="Ungulate">ungulates</a> weighing up to 30 kg (66 lb) and a <a href="/wiki/Martial_eagle" title="Martial eagle">martial eagle</a> even killed a 37 kg (82 lb) <a href="/wiki/Duiker" title="Duiker">duiker</a>, 7–8 times heavier than the preying eagle.<sup id="cite_ref-RaptorsWorld_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RaptorsWorld-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Watson_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Watson-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Authors on birds <a href="/wiki/David_Allen_Sibley" title="David Allen Sibley">David Allen Sibley</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pete_Dunne_(author)" title="Pete Dunne (author)">Pete Dunne</a>, and Clay Sutton described the behavioral difference between hunting eagles and other birds of prey thus (in this case the bald and golden eagles as compared to other North American raptors):<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Old_Abe,_the_live_war_eagle_of_Wisconsin,_from_the_Centennial.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/04/Old_Abe%2C_the_live_war_eagle_of_Wisconsin%2C_from_the_Centennial.jpg" decoding="async" width="92" height="150" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="92" data-file-height="150" /></a><figcaption>An Eagle named in honor of Abraham Lincoln and was the mascot of 8th Wisconsin Infantry Regiment, at the time of the U.S. Centennial</figcaption></figure> <blockquote> <p>They have at least one singular characteristic. It has been observed that most birds of prey look back over their shoulders before striking prey (or shortly thereafter); predation is after all a two-edged sword. All hawks seem to have this habit, from the smallest kestrel to the largest Ferruginous – but not the Eagles. </p> </blockquote> <p>Among the eagles are some of the largest birds of prey: only the <a href="/wiki/Condor" title="Condor">condors</a> and some of the <a href="/wiki/Old_World_vulture" title="Old World vulture">Old World vultures</a> are markedly larger. It is regularly debated<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch#Unsupported_attributions" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch"><span title="The material near this tag may use weasel words or too-vague attribution. (June 2024)">according to whom?</span></a></i>]</sup> which should be considered the largest species of eagle. They could be measured variously in total length, body mass, or wingspan. Different lifestyle needs among various eagles result in variable measurements from species to species. For example, many forest-dwelling eagles, including the very large <a href="/wiki/Harpy_eagle" title="Harpy eagle">harpy eagle</a>, have relatively short wingspans, a feature necessary for being able to maneuver in quick, short bursts through densely forested habitats.<sup id="cite_ref-RaptorsWorld_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RaptorsWorld-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Eagles in the genus <i>Aquila</i>, found almost exclusively in open country, are noted for their ability to soar, and have relatively long wings for their size.<sup id="cite_ref-RaptorsWorld_13-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RaptorsWorld-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>These lists of the top five eagles are based on weight, length, and wingspan, respectively. Unless otherwise noted by reference, the figures listed are the median reported for each measurement in the guide <i>Raptors of the World</i><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in which only measurements that could be personally verified by the authors were listed.<sup id="cite_ref-RaptorsWorld_13-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RaptorsWorld-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Rank </th> <th>Common name </th> <th>Scientific name </th> <th>Body mass </th></tr> <tr> <td>1</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Philippine_eagle" title="Philippine eagle">Philippine eagle</a></td> <td><i>Pithecophaga jefferyi</i></td> <td><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1154941027">.mw-parser-output .frac{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .frac .num,.mw-parser-output .frac .den{font-size:80%;line-height:0;vertical-align:super}.mw-parser-output .frac .den{vertical-align:sub}.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px}</style>8.3 kg (<span class="frac">18<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">4</span></span> lb) (Average Weight) </td></tr> <tr> <td>2</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Steller%27s_sea_eagle" title="Steller's sea eagle">Steller's sea eagle</a></td> <td><i>Haliaeetus pelagicus</i></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027">7.4 kg (<span class="frac">16<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">4</span></span> lb) (Average Weight) </td></tr> <tr> <td>3</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Harpy_eagle" title="Harpy eagle">Harpy eagle</a></td> <td><i>Harpia harpyja</i></td> <td>6.35 kg (14 lb) (Average Weight) </td></tr> <tr> <td>4</td> <td><a href="/wiki/White-tailed_eagle" title="White-tailed eagle">White-tailed eagle</a></td> <td><i>Haliaeetus albicilla</i></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027">4.8 kg (<span class="frac">10<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">2</span></span> lb) (Average Weight) <sup id="cite_ref-HBW_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HBW-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>5</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Martial_eagle" title="Martial eagle">Martial eagle</a></td> <td><i>Polemaetus bellicosus</i></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027">4.6 kg (<span class="frac">10<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">4</span></span> lb)<sup id="cite_ref-HBW_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HBW-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (Average Weight) </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Rank </th> <th>Common name </th> <th>Scientific name </th> <th>Total length </th></tr> <tr> <td>1</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Philippine_eagle" title="Philippine eagle">Philippine eagle</a></td> <td><i>Pithecophaga jefferyi</i></td> <td>100 cm (3 ft 3 in)<sup id="cite_ref-PhilRaptors_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PhilRaptors-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Harpy_eagle" title="Harpy eagle">Harpy eagle</a></td> <td><i>Harpia harpyja</i></td> <td>98.5 cm (3 ft 3 in) </td></tr> <tr> <td>3</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Wedge-tailed_eagle" title="Wedge-tailed eagle">Wedge-tailed eagle</a></td> <td><i>Aquila audax</i></td> <td>95.5 cm (3 ft 2 in) </td></tr> <tr> <td>4</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Steller%27s_sea_eagle" title="Steller's sea eagle">Steller's sea eagle</a></td> <td><i>Haliaeetus pelagicus</i></td> <td>95 cm (3 ft 1 in) </td></tr> <tr> <td>5</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Crowned_eagle" title="Crowned eagle">Crowned eagle</a></td> <td><i>Stephanoaetus coronatus</i></td> <td>87.5 cm (2 ft 10 in) </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Rank </th> <th>Common name </th> <th>Scientific name </th> <th>Median wingspan </th></tr> <tr> <td>1</td> <td><a href="/wiki/White-tailed_eagle" title="White-tailed eagle">White-tailed eagle</a></td> <td><i>Haliaeetus albicilla</i></td> <td>218.5 cm (7 ft 2 in) </td></tr> <tr> <td>2</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Steller%27s_sea_eagle" title="Steller's sea eagle">Steller's sea eagle</a></td> <td><i>Haliaeetus pelagicus</i></td> <td>212.5 cm (7 ft 0 in) </td></tr> <tr> <td>3</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Wedge-tailed_eagle" title="Wedge-tailed eagle">Wedge-tailed eagle</a></td> <td><i>Aquila audax</i></td> <td>210 cm (6 ft 11 in)<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Wood_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wood-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>4</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Golden_eagle" title="Golden eagle">Golden eagle</a></td> <td><i>Aquila chrysaetos</i></td> <td>207 cm (6 ft 9 in) </td></tr> <tr> <td>5</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Martial_eagle" title="Martial eagle">Martial eagle</a></td> <td><i>Polemaetus bellicosus</i></td> <td>206.5 cm (6 ft 9 in) </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Habitat">Habitat</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eagle&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Habitat"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The eagles are generally distributed in all types of habitats and nearly all parts of the world. The birds can be found in northern tundra to tropical rainforests and deserts. In North America, bald eagles and golden eagles are very common. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Distribution">Distribution</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eagle&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Distribution"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australasian_realm" title="Australasian realm">Australasian</a> <ul><li>Australia: <a href="/wiki/Wedge-tailed_eagle" title="Wedge-tailed eagle">wedge-tailed eagle</a> (range extends into southern New Guinea), <a href="/wiki/White-bellied_sea-eagle" class="mw-redirect" title="White-bellied sea-eagle">white-bellied sea-eagle</a> (range extends into Asia), <a href="/wiki/Little_eagle" title="Little eagle">little eagle</a>.</li> <li>New Guinea: <a href="/wiki/Papuan_eagle" title="Papuan eagle">Papuan eagle</a>, <a href="/wiki/White-bellied_sea-eagle" class="mw-redirect" title="White-bellied sea-eagle">white-bellied sea-eagle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pygmy_eagle" title="Pygmy eagle">pygmy eagle</a>.</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nearctic_realm" title="Nearctic realm">Nearctic</a> (USA and Canada): <a href="/wiki/Golden_eagle" title="Golden eagle">golden eagle</a> (also found in Palearctic), <a href="/wiki/Bald_eagle" title="Bald eagle">bald eagle</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neotropical_realm" title="Neotropical realm">Neotropical</a> (Central and South America): <i><a href="/wiki/Spizaetus" title="Spizaetus">Spizaetus</a></i> (four species), <a href="/wiki/Harpyhaliaetus" class="mw-redirect" title="Harpyhaliaetus">solitary eagles</a> (two spp.), <a href="/wiki/Harpy_eagle" title="Harpy eagle">harpy eagle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Crested_eagle" title="Crested eagle">crested eagle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Black-chested_buzzard-eagle" title="Black-chested buzzard-eagle">black-chested buzzard-eagle</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palearctic_realm" title="Palearctic realm">Palearctic</a> (<a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a>, <a href="/wiki/Northern_Africa" class="mw-redirect" title="Northern Africa">Northern Africa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Asia" title="Asia">Asia</a> without <a href="/wiki/South_Asia" title="South Asia">South Asia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Southeast_Asia" title="Southeast Asia">Southeast Asia</a>) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eurasia" title="Eurasia">Eurasia</a>: <a href="/wiki/Golden_eagle" title="Golden eagle">Golden eagle</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/White-tailed_eagle" title="White-tailed eagle">White-tailed eagle</a>.</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subsaharan_Africa" class="mw-redirect" title="Subsaharan Africa">Subsaharan Africa</a>: <a href="/wiki/African_fish_eagle" title="African fish eagle">African fish eagle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Martial_Eagle" class="mw-redirect" title="Martial Eagle">Martial Eagle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Crowned_eagle" title="Crowned eagle">Crowned eagle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Verreaux%27s_eagle" title="Verreaux's eagle">Verreaux's eagle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tawny_eagle" title="Tawny eagle">Tawny eagle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Long-crested_eagle" title="Long-crested eagle">Long-crested eagle</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Groups">Groups</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eagle&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Groups"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Eagles are often informally divided into four groups.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-rutledge_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rutledge-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The snake eagles are placed in the subfamily <a href="/wiki/Circaetinae" title="Circaetinae">Circaetinae</a>. The fish eagles, booted eagles, and harpy eagles have traditionally been placed in the subfamily <a href="/wiki/Buteoninae" title="Buteoninae">Buteoninae</a> together with the buzzard-hawks (buteonine hawks) and harriers. Some authors may treat these groups as tribes of the Buteoninae; Lerner & Mindell<sup id="cite_ref-LM2005_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LM2005-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> proposed separating the eagle groups into their own subfamilies of <a href="/wiki/Accipitridae" title="Accipitridae">Accipitridae</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fish_eagles">Fish eagles</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eagle&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Fish eagles"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sea eagles or fish eagles take fish as a large part of their diets, either fresh or as carrion. </p><p>Proposed subfamily Haliaeetinae. Genera: <i><a href="/wiki/Haliaeetus" title="Haliaeetus">Haliaeetus</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Icthyophaga" title="Icthyophaga">Icthyophaga</a></i>. </p><p>Some authors include <i>Gypohierax angolensis</i>, the "vulturine fish eagle" (also called the <a href="/wiki/Palm-nut_vulture" title="Palm-nut vulture">palm-nut vulture</a>) in this group.<sup id="cite_ref-rutledge_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rutledge-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, genetic analyses indicate it is related to a grouping of <i>Neophron</i>–<i>Gypaetus</i>–<i>Eutriorchis</i> (<a href="/wiki/Egyptian_vulture" title="Egyptian vulture">Egyptian vulture</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bearded_vulture" title="Bearded vulture">bearded vulture</a> (lammergeier), and <a href="/wiki/Madagascar_serpent_eagle" title="Madagascar serpent eagle">Madagascar serpent eagle</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-tol-acciptridae_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tol-acciptridae-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The fish eagles have a close genetic relationship with <i><a href="/wiki/Haliastur" title="Haliastur">Haliastur</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Milvus" title="Milvus">Milvus</a></i>; the whole group is only distantly related to the <i>Buteo</i> group.<sup id="cite_ref-tol-acciptridae_28-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tol-acciptridae-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Fish eagles exist in every continent throughout the world, except for South America.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Although fish eagles can be found in many different places around the world, they have been classified as "Near Threatened". Reasons such as overfishing, pollution, habitat destruction, and the use of pesticides have contributed to the species' rapid population drop.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Booted_eagles">Booted eagles</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eagle&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Booted eagles"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The booted eagle is a group of eagle that typically migrates across the Sahara Desert to Europe. It usually reaches Europe around the beginning of March and leaves by the end of September. It's interesting to note that these types of eagles usually mate with the same partner and return to the same areas years later. Female booted eagles usually lay 1-4 eggs, which promptly hatch after 37 to 40 days. Researchers estimate that there are between 3600 and 6900 pairs of booted eagles in Europe, which are mostly situated in the Iberian Peninsula.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the species <i>Hieraaetus pennatus</i> (<i>Aquila pennata</i>), see <a href="/wiki/Booted_eagle" title="Booted eagle">booted eagle</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Booted_eagles" title="Booted eagles">Booted eagles</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Booted_eagle_in_flight.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Booted_eagle_in_flight.jpg/220px-Booted_eagle_in_flight.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Booted_eagle_in_flight.jpg/330px-Booted_eagle_in_flight.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Booted_eagle_in_flight.jpg/440px-Booted_eagle_in_flight.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1450" data-file-height="1088" /></a><figcaption>Booted eagle in flight</figcaption></figure> <p>Booted eagles or "true eagles"<sup id="cite_ref-rutledge_26-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rutledge-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-oiseaux-booted_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oiseaux-booted-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> have feathered tarsi (lower legs). </p><p>Tribe Aquililae or proposed subfamily Aquilinae. Genera: <i>Aquila</i>, <i>Hieraaetus</i>; <i>Spizaetus</i>, <i>Oroaetus</i>, <i>Spizastur</i>; <i>Nisaetus</i>;<sup id="cite_ref-tol-acciptridae_28-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tol-acciptridae-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Ictinaetus</i>, <i>Lophoaetus</i>; <i>Polemaetus</i>; and <i>Stephanoaetus</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-rutledge_26-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rutledge-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-oiseaux-booted_32-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oiseaux-booted-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>See comments under <a href="#Species">eagle species</a> for changes to the composition of these genera. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Snake_eagles">Snake eagles</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eagle&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Snake eagles"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Most snake or serpent eagles, as the name suggests, primarily prey on snakes. </p> <ul><li>Subfamily <a href="/wiki/Circaetinae" title="Circaetinae">Circaetinae</a>. Genera: <i>Circaetus</i>, <i>Spilornis</i>, <i>Dryotriorchis</i>, <i>Terathopius</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-rutledge_26-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rutledge-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>Eutriorchis</i> (subfamily Gypaetinae or Circaetinae).</li></ul> <p>Despite filling the niche of a snake eagle, genetic studies suggest that the <a href="/wiki/Madagascar_serpent_eagle" title="Madagascar serpent eagle">Madagascar serpent eagle</a> (<i>Eutriorchis</i>) is not related to them.<sup id="cite_ref-tol-acciptridae_28-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tol-acciptridae-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Over several decades, a great deal of research has been done on the  Snake-eagle's diet, which is mainly made up of reptiles, especially snakes. When it comes to catching snakes, it is generally accepted that the bird exhibits generalist feeding behavior, which means it does not hunt down specific types of snakes but rather feeds on them depending on their availability in the wild.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Harpy_eagles">Harpy eagles</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eagle&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Harpy eagles"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Harpy eagles<sup id="cite_ref-rutledge_26-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rutledge-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or "giant forest eagles"<sup id="cite_ref-aae_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aae-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> are large eagles that inhabit tropical forests. The group contains two to six species, depending on the author. Although these birds occupy similar niches and have traditionally been grouped, they are not all related: the solitary eagles are related to the black hawks and the Philippine eagle to the snake eagles. </p> <ul><li>Harpy eagles (proposed subfamily Harpiinae) <ul><li><i>Harpia harpyja</i>, <a href="/wiki/Harpy_eagle" title="Harpy eagle">harpy eagle</a> ― Central and South America.</li> <li><i>Morphnus guianensis</i>, <a href="/wiki/Crested_eagle" title="Crested eagle">crested eagle</a> ― Central and South America.</li> <li><i>Harpyopsis novaeguineae</i>, <a href="/wiki/Papuan_eagle" title="Papuan eagle">Papuan eagle</a> ― New Guinea.</li></ul></li> <li>Philippine eagle <ul><li><i>Pithecophaga jefferyi</i>, <a href="/wiki/Philippine_eagle" title="Philippine eagle">Philippine eagle</a> ― Philippines.</li></ul></li> <li>Solitary eagles <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chaco_eagle" title="Chaco eagle">Chaco eagle</a> or crowned solitary eagle, <i><a href="/wiki/Buteogallus" title="Buteogallus">Buteogallus</a></i> (formerly <i><a href="/wiki/Harpyhaliaetus" class="mw-redirect" title="Harpyhaliaetus">Harpyhaliaetus</a></i>) <i>coronatus</i> ― South America.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solitary_eagle" title="Solitary eagle">Solitary eagle</a> or montane solitary eagle, <i><a href="/wiki/Buteogallus" title="Buteogallus">Buteogallus</a></i> (formerly <i><a href="/wiki/Harpyhaliaetus" class="mw-redirect" title="Harpyhaliaetus">Harpyhaliaetus</a></i>) <i>solitarius</i> ― South America.</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Species">Species</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eagle&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Species"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Martial_Eagle_in_Namibia.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8f/Martial_Eagle_in_Namibia.jpg/220px-Martial_Eagle_in_Namibia.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="183" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8f/Martial_Eagle_in_Namibia.jpg/330px-Martial_Eagle_in_Namibia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8f/Martial_Eagle_in_Namibia.jpg/440px-Martial_Eagle_in_Namibia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="622" data-file-height="516" /></a><figcaption>Martial eagle in Namibia</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pithecophaga_jefferyi.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Pithecophaga_jefferyi.jpg/220px-Pithecophaga_jefferyi.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="270" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Pithecophaga_jefferyi.jpg/330px-Pithecophaga_jefferyi.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/30/Pithecophaga_jefferyi.jpg 2x" data-file-width="388" data-file-height="477" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Philippine_eagle" title="Philippine eagle">Philippine eagle</a> (<i>Pithecophaga jefferyi</i>) in Southern Philippines</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:WedgetailEagleCarrion.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/WedgetailEagleCarrion.jpg/220px-WedgetailEagleCarrion.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/WedgetailEagleCarrion.jpg/330px-WedgetailEagleCarrion.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/WedgetailEagleCarrion.jpg/440px-WedgetailEagleCarrion.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="691" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Wedge-tailed_eagle" title="Wedge-tailed eagle">Wedge-tailed eagle</a> in Australia</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%D7%A2%D7%99%D7%98_%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%A6%D7%99.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/%D7%A2%D7%99%D7%98_%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%A6%D7%99.jpg/220px-%D7%A2%D7%99%D7%98_%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%A6%D7%99.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/%D7%A2%D7%99%D7%98_%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%A6%D7%99.jpg/330px-%D7%A2%D7%99%D7%98_%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%A6%D7%99.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/%D7%A2%D7%99%D7%98_%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%A6%D7%99.jpg/440px-%D7%A2%D7%99%D7%98_%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%A6%D7%99.jpg 2x" data-file-width="722" data-file-height="501" /></a><figcaption>Eastern imperial eagle in Israel</figcaption></figure> <p>Major new research into eagle <a href="/wiki/Taxonomy_(biology)" title="Taxonomy (biology)">taxonomy</a> suggests that the important genera <i>Aquila</i> and <i>Hieraaetus</i> are not composed of nearest relatives, and it is likely that a reclassification of these genera will soon take place, with some species being moved to <i>Lophaetus</i> or <i>Ictinaetus</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-LM2005_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LM2005-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bonelli%27s_eagle" title="Bonelli's eagle">Bonelli's eagle</a> and the <a href="/wiki/African_hawk-eagle" title="African hawk-eagle">African hawk-eagle</a> have been moved from <i>Hieraaetus</i> to <i>Aquila</i>.</li> <li>Either the <a href="/wiki/Greater_spotted_eagle" title="Greater spotted eagle">greater spotted eagle</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lesser_spotted_eagle" title="Lesser spotted eagle">lesser spotted eagle</a> should move from <i>Aquila</i> to join the <a href="/wiki/Long-crested_eagle" title="Long-crested eagle">long-crested eagle</a> in <i>Lophaetus</i>, or, perhaps better, all three of these species should move to <i>Ictinaetus</i> with the <a href="/wiki/Black_eagle" title="Black eagle">black eagle</a>.</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Steppe_eagle" title="Steppe eagle">steppe eagle</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tawny_eagle" title="Tawny eagle">tawny eagle</a>, once thought to be <a href="/wiki/Conspecificity" class="mw-redirect" title="Conspecificity">conspecific</a>, are not even each other's nearest relatives.</li></ul> <p><b>Family Accipitridae</b> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Accipitridae#Genera" title="Accipitridae">Accipitridae</a></div> <ul><li><b>Subfamily <a href="/wiki/Buteoninae" title="Buteoninae">Buteoninae</a></b> – hawks (buzzards), true eagles and seaeagles <ul><li>Genus <i>Geranoaetus</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black-chested_buzzard-eagle" title="Black-chested buzzard-eagle">Black-chested buzzard-eagle</a>, <i>Geranoaetus melanoleucus</i></li></ul></li> <li>Genus <i><a href="/wiki/Harpyhaliaetus" class="mw-redirect" title="Harpyhaliaetus">Harpyhaliaetus</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chaco_eagle" title="Chaco eagle">Chaco eagle</a>, <i>Buteogallus coronatus</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solitary_eagle" title="Solitary eagle">Solitary eagle</a>, <i>H. solitarius</i></li></ul></li> <li>Genus <i>Morphnus</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crested_eagle" title="Crested eagle">Crested eagle</a>, <i>Morphnus guianensis</i></li></ul></li> <li>Genus <i>Harpia</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Harpy_eagle" title="Harpy eagle">Harpy eagle</a>, <i>Harpia harpyja</i></li></ul></li> <li>Genus <i>Pithecophaga</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_eagle" title="Philippine eagle">Philippine eagle</a>, <i>Pithecophaga jefferyi</i></li></ul></li> <li>Genus <i>Harpyopsis</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Papuan_eagle" title="Papuan eagle">Papuan eagle</a>, <i>Harpyopsis novaeguineae</i></li></ul></li> <li>Genus <i><a href="/wiki/Spizaetus" title="Spizaetus">Spizaetus</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black_hawk-eagle" title="Black hawk-eagle">Black hawk-eagle</a>, <i>S. tyrannus</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ornate_hawk-eagle" title="Ornate hawk-eagle">Ornate hawk-eagle</a>, <i>S. ornatus</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black-and-white_hawk-eagle" title="Black-and-white hawk-eagle">Black-and-white hawk-eagle</a>, <i>S. melanoleucus</i> – formerly <i>Spizastur</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black-and-chestnut_eagle" title="Black-and-chestnut eagle">Black-and-chestnut eagle</a>, <i>S. isidori</i> – formerly <i>Oroaetus</i></li></ul></li> <li>Genus <i><a href="/wiki/Nisaetus" title="Nisaetus">Nisaetus</a></i> – previously included in <i>Spizaetus</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Changeable_hawk-eagle" title="Changeable hawk-eagle">Changeable hawk-eagle</a>, <i>N. cirrhatus</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flores_hawk-eagle" title="Flores hawk-eagle">Flores hawk-eagle</a> <i>N. floris</i> – earlier a subspecies, <i>S. c. floris</i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sulawesi_hawk-eagle" title="Sulawesi hawk-eagle">Sulawesi hawk-eagle</a>, <i>N. lanceolatus</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountain_hawk-eagle" title="Mountain hawk-eagle">Mountain hawk-eagle</a>, <i>N. nipalensis</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Legge%27s_hawk-eagle" title="Legge's hawk-eagle">Legge's hawk-eagle</a>, <i>Nisaetus kelaarti</i> – previously a race of <i>S. nipalensis</i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blyth%27s_hawk-eagle" title="Blyth's hawk-eagle">Blyth's hawk-eagle</a>, <i>N. alboniger</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Javan_hawk-eagle" title="Javan hawk-eagle">Javan hawk-eagle</a>, <i>N. bartelsi</i></li> <li>(Northern) <a href="/wiki/Philippine_hawk-eagle" title="Philippine hawk-eagle">Philippine hawk-eagle</a>, <i>N. philippensis</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pinsker%27s_hawk-eagle" title="Pinsker's hawk-eagle">Pinsker's hawk-eagle</a> (Southern Philippine hawk-eagle), <i>Nisaetus pinskeri</i> – earlier <i>S. philippensis pinskeri</i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wallace%27s_hawk-eagle" title="Wallace's hawk-eagle">Wallace's hawk-eagle</a>, <i>N. nanus</i></li></ul></li> <li>Genus <i>Lophaetus</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Long-crested_eagle" title="Long-crested eagle">Long-crested eagle</a>, <i>Lophaetus occipitalis</i> – possibly belongs in <i>Ictinaetus</i></li></ul></li> <li>Genus <i>Stephanoaetus</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crowned_eagle" title="Crowned eagle">Crowned eagle</a>, <i>Stephanoaetus coronatus</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malagasy_crowned_eagle" title="Malagasy crowned eagle">Malagasy crowned eagle</a>, <abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i>Stephanoaetus mahery</i></li></ul></li> <li>Genus <i>Polemaetus</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Martial_eagle" title="Martial eagle">Martial eagle</a>, <i>Polemaetus bellicosus</i></li></ul></li> <li>Genus <i><a href="/wiki/Hieraaetus" title="Hieraaetus">Hieraaetus</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ayres%27s_hawk-eagle" title="Ayres's hawk-eagle">Ayres's hawk-eagle</a>, <i>H. ayresii</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_eagle" title="Little eagle">Little eagle</a>, <i>H. morphnoides</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pygmy_eagle" title="Pygmy eagle">Pygmy eagle</a>, <i>H. weiskei</i> – previously subspecies <i>H. m. weiskei</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Booted_eagle" title="Booted eagle">Booted eagle</a>, <i>H. pennatus</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haast%27s_eagle" title="Haast's eagle">Haast's eagle</a>, †H. moorei</li></ul></li> <li>Genus <i>Lophotriorchis</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rufous-bellied_eagle" title="Rufous-bellied eagle">Rufous-bellied eagle</a>, <i>L. kienerii</i> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Eagle_Lahore_Zoo_June302005.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Eagle_Lahore_Zoo_June302005.jpg/220px-Eagle_Lahore_Zoo_June302005.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Eagle_Lahore_Zoo_June302005.jpg/330px-Eagle_Lahore_Zoo_June302005.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Eagle_Lahore_Zoo_June302005.jpg/440px-Eagle_Lahore_Zoo_June302005.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1712" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/Steppe_eagle" title="Steppe eagle">steppe eagle</a> in <a href="/wiki/Lahore_Zoo" title="Lahore Zoo">Lahore Zoo</a>, Pakistan</figcaption></figure></li></ul></li> <li>Genus <i><a href="/wiki/Aquila_(genus)" class="mw-redirect" title="Aquila (genus)">Aquila</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bonelli%27s_eagle" title="Bonelli's eagle">Bonelli's eagle</a>, <i>Aquila fasciata</i> – formerly <i>Hieraaetus fasciatus</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_hawk-eagle" title="African hawk-eagle">African hawk-eagle</a>, <i>A. spilogaster</i> – formerly in <i>Hieraaetus</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cassin%27s_hawk-eagle" title="Cassin's hawk-eagle">Cassin's hawk-eagle</a>, <i>A. africana</i> – formerly in <i>Hieraaetus</i> or <i>Spizaetus</i> genera</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_eagle" title="Golden eagle">Golden eagle</a>, <i>A. chrysaetos</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_imperial_eagle" title="Eastern imperial eagle">Eastern imperial eagle</a>, <i>A. heliaca</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_imperial_eagle" title="Spanish imperial eagle">Spanish imperial eagle</a> <i>A. adalberti</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steppe_eagle" title="Steppe eagle">Steppe eagle</a>, <i>A. nipalensis</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tawny_eagle" title="Tawny eagle">Tawny eagle</a>, <i>A. rapax</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_spotted_eagle" title="Greater spotted eagle">Greater spotted eagle</a>, <i>A. clanga</i> – to be moved to <i>Lophaetus</i> or <i>Ictinaetus</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lesser_spotted_eagle" title="Lesser spotted eagle">Lesser spotted eagle</a>, <i>A. pomarina</i> – to be moved to <i>Lophaetus</i> or <i>Ictinaetus</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_spotted_eagle" title="Indian spotted eagle">Indian spotted eagle</a>, <i>A. hastata</i> – to be moved to <i>Lophaetus</i> or <i>Ictinaetus</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Verreaux%27s_eagle" title="Verreaux's eagle">Verreaux's eagle</a>, <i>A. verreauxii</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gurney%27s_eagle" title="Gurney's eagle">Gurney's eagle</a>, <i>A. gurneyi</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wahlberg%27s_eagle" title="Wahlberg's eagle">Wahlberg's eagle</a>, <i>A. wahlbergi</i> – to be moved to <i>Hieraaetus</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wedge-tailed_eagle" title="Wedge-tailed eagle">Wedge-tailed eagle</a>, <i>A. audax</i></li></ul></li> <li>Genus <i>Ictinaetus</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black_eagle" title="Black eagle">Black eagle</a>, <i>Ictinaetus malaiensis</i></li></ul></li> <li>Genus <i><a href="/wiki/Haliaeetus" title="Haliaeetus">Haliaeetus</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/White-tailed_eagle" title="White-tailed eagle">White-tailed eagle</a>, <i>Haliaeetus albicilla</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bald_eagle" title="Bald eagle">Bald eagle</a>, <i>H. leucocephalus</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steller%27s_sea_eagle" title="Steller's sea eagle">Steller's sea eagle</a>, <i>H. pelagicus</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pallas%27_sea_eagle" class="mw-redirect" title="Pallas' sea eagle">Pallas' sea eagle</a>, <i>H. leucoryphus</i></li></ul></li> <li>Genus <i><a href="/wiki/Icthyophaga" title="Icthyophaga">Icthyophaga</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lesser_fish_eagle" title="Lesser fish eagle">Lesser fish eagle</a>, <i>Icthyophaga humilis</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grey-headed_fish_eagle" title="Grey-headed fish eagle">Grey-headed fish eagle</a>, <i>I. ichthyaetus</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_fish_eagle" title="African fish eagle">African fish eagle</a>, <i>I. vocifer</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White-bellied_sea_eagle" title="White-bellied sea eagle">White-bellied sea eagle</a>, <i>I. leucogaster</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanford%27s_sea_eagle" title="Sanford's sea eagle">Sanford's sea eagle</a>, <i>I. sanfordi</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madagascar_fish_eagle" title="Madagascar fish eagle">Madagascar fish eagle</a>, <i>I. vociferoides</i></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:CircaetusGallicus.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/CircaetusGallicus.jpg/220px-CircaetusGallicus.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/CircaetusGallicus.jpg/330px-CircaetusGallicus.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/CircaetusGallicus.jpg/440px-CircaetusGallicus.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2035" data-file-height="1357" /></a><figcaption>Short-toed snake eagle in flight</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><b>Subfamily <a href="/wiki/Circaetinae" title="Circaetinae">Circaetinae</a></b>: snake-eagles <ul><li>Genus <i>Terathopius</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bateleur" title="Bateleur">Bateleur</a>, <i>Terathopius ecaudatus</i></li></ul></li> <li>Genus <i><a href="/wiki/Circaetus" title="Circaetus">Circaetus</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Short-toed_snake_eagle" title="Short-toed snake eagle">Short-toed snake eagle</a>, <i>Circaetus gallicus</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beaudouin%27s_snake_eagle" title="Beaudouin's snake eagle">Beaudouin's snake eagle</a>, <i>Circaetus beaudouini</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black-chested_snake_eagle" title="Black-chested snake eagle">Black-chested snake eagle</a>, <i>C. pectoralis</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brown_snake_eagle" title="Brown snake eagle">Brown snake eagle</a>, <i>C. cinereus</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fasciated_snake_eagle" class="mw-redirect" title="Fasciated snake eagle">Fasciated snake eagle</a>, <i>C. fasciolatus</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_banded_snake_eagle" title="Western banded snake eagle">Western banded snake eagle</a>, <i>C. cinerascens</i></li></ul></li> <li>Genus <i><a href="/wiki/Dryotriorchis" class="mw-redirect" title="Dryotriorchis">Dryotriorchis</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Congo_serpent_eagle" title="Congo serpent eagle">Congo serpent eagle</a>, <i>D. spectabilis</i></li></ul></li> <li>Genus <i><a href="/wiki/Spilornis" title="Spilornis">Spilornis</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crested_serpent_eagle" title="Crested serpent eagle">Crested serpent eagle</a>, <i>Spilornis cheela</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_Nicobar_serpent_eagle" class="mw-redirect" title="Central Nicobar serpent eagle">Central Nicobar serpent eagle</a>, <i>S. minimus</i> (subspecies or species)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Nicobar_serpent_eagle" title="Great Nicobar serpent eagle">Great Nicobar serpent eagle</a>, <i>S. klossi</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountain_serpent_eagle" title="Mountain serpent eagle">Mountain serpent eagle</a>, <i>S. kinabaluensis</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sulawesi_serpent_eagle" title="Sulawesi serpent eagle">Sulawesi serpent eagle</a>, <i>S. rufipectus</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spilornis_holospilus" class="mw-redirect" title="Spilornis holospilus">Philippine serpent eagle</a>, <i>S. holospilus</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andaman_serpent_eagle" title="Andaman serpent eagle">Andaman serpent eagle</a>, <i>S. elgini</i></li></ul></li> <li>Genus <i>Eutriorchis</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Madagascar_serpent_eagle" title="Madagascar serpent eagle">Madagascar serpent eagle</a>, <i>Eutriorchis astur</i></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_culture">In culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eagle&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: In culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lin_Liang-Eagles.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Lin_Liang-Eagles.jpg/180px-Lin_Liang-Eagles.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="298" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Lin_Liang-Eagles.jpg/270px-Lin_Liang-Eagles.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Lin_Liang-Eagles.jpg/360px-Lin_Liang-Eagles.jpg 2x" data-file-width="976" data-file-height="1618" /></a><figcaption><i>Eagles</i>, a Chinese Ming period painting; Located at the <a href="/wiki/National_Palace_Museum" title="National Palace Museum">National Palace Museum</a></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymology_2">Etymology</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eagle&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The modern English term for the bird is derived from <a href="/wiki/Latin_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin language">Latin</a>: <i lang="la"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/aquila#Latin" class="extiw" title="wikt:aquila">aquila</a></i> by way of <a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a>: <i lang="fr"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/aigle#French" class="extiw" title="wikt:aigle">aigle</a></i>. The origin of <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">aquila</i></span> is unknown, but it is believed to possibly derive from <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/aquilus#Latin" class="extiw" title="wikt:aquilus">aquilus</a></i></span> (meaning dark-colored, swarthy, or blackish) as a reference to the plumage of eagles. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Old_English" title="Old English">Old English</a> used the term <span title="Old English (ca. 450-1100)-language text"><i lang="ang"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/earn#Old_English" class="extiw" title="wikt:earn">earn</a></i></span>, related to Scandinavia's <i><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%C3%B8rn" class="extiw" title="wikt:ørn">ørn</a>/<a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%C3%B6rn" class="extiw" title="wikt:örn">örn</a></i>. It is similar to other <a href="/wiki/Indo-European_languages" title="Indo-European languages">Indo-European</a> terms for "bird" or "eagle", including <a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a>: <span lang="el"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E1%BD%84%CF%81%CE%BD%CE%B9%CF%82#Ancient_Greek" class="extiw" title="wikt:ὄρνις">ὄρνις</a></span> (<span title="Greek-language romanization"><i lang="el-Latn"><i>ornís</i></i></span>), <a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a>: <span lang="ru"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%91%D0%BB#Russian" class="extiw" title="wikt:орёл">орёл</a></span> (<span title="Russian-language romanization"><i lang="ru-Latn"><i>orël</i></i></span>), and <a href="/wiki/Welsh_language" title="Welsh language">Welsh</a>: <i lang="cy">eryr</i>. </p><p>In the southern part of <a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finland</a>, near the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Finland" title="Gulf of Finland">Gulf of Finland</a>, is the town of <a href="/wiki/Kotka" title="Kotka">Kotka</a>, which literally means "eagle", while the town of <a href="/wiki/L%27Aquila" title="L'Aquila">L'Aquila</a> in the central part of <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> literally means "the eagle". </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fountain_top.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Fountain_top.JPG/220px-Fountain_top.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Fountain_top.JPG/330px-Fountain_top.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Fountain_top.JPG/440px-Fountain_top.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2848" data-file-height="2136" /></a><figcaption>The sculpture of eagle at the top of the fountain at <i>Plac Orła Białego</i> in <a href="/wiki/Szczecin" title="Szczecin">Szczecin</a>, Poland</figcaption></figure> <p>In Britain before 1678, <i>eagle</i> referred specifically to the <a href="/wiki/Golden_eagle" title="Golden eagle">golden eagle</a>, with the other native species, the <a href="/wiki/White-tailed_eagle" title="White-tailed eagle">white-tailed eagle</a>, being known as <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/erne#English" class="extiw" title="wikt:erne"><i>erne</i></a>. The modern name "golden eagle" for <i>aquila chrysaetos</i> was introduced by the naturalist <a href="/wiki/John_Ray" title="John Ray">John Ray</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The village of <a href="/wiki/Eagle,_Lincolnshire" title="Eagle, Lincolnshire">Eagle</a> in <a href="/wiki/Lincolnshire" title="Lincolnshire">Lincolnshire</a>, <a href="/wiki/England" title="England">England</a>, has nothing to do with the bird; its name is derived from the Old English words for "oak" and "wood" (compare <i>Oakley</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Religion_and_spirituality">Religion and spirituality</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eagle&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Religion and spirituality"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Desfile_Portela_2014_(906185).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Desfile_Portela_2014_%28906185%29.jpg/220px-Desfile_Portela_2014_%28906185%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Desfile_Portela_2014_%28906185%29.jpg/330px-Desfile_Portela_2014_%28906185%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Desfile_Portela_2014_%28906185%29.jpg/440px-Desfile_Portela_2014_%28906185%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4256" data-file-height="2832" /></a><figcaption>Representation of an eagle at <a href="/wiki/Rio_Carnival" title="Rio Carnival">Rio Carnival</a>, 2014</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Garuda_by_Hyougushi_in_Delhi.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Garuda_by_Hyougushi_in_Delhi.jpg/170px-Garuda_by_Hyougushi_in_Delhi.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="254" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Garuda_by_Hyougushi_in_Delhi.jpg/255px-Garuda_by_Hyougushi_in_Delhi.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Garuda_by_Hyougushi_in_Delhi.jpg/340px-Garuda_by_Hyougushi_in_Delhi.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1232" data-file-height="1840" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Garuda" title="Garuda">Garuda</a>, the <i><a href="/wiki/Vahana" title="Vahana">vahana</a></i> (mount) of <a href="/wiki/Vishnu" title="Vishnu">Vishnu</a>, depicted with an eagle's beak and wings</figcaption></figure> <p>In the ancient <a href="/wiki/Sumerian_religion" title="Sumerian religion">Sumerian mythology</a>, the mythical king <a href="/wiki/Etana" title="Etana">Etana</a> was said to have been carried into <a href="/wiki/Heaven" title="Heaven">heaven</a> by an eagle.<sup id="cite_ref-Horowitz1998_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Horowitz1998-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Classical writers such as <a href="/wiki/Lucan" title="Lucan">Lucan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pliny_the_Elder" title="Pliny the Elder">Pliny the Elder</a> claimed that the eagle was able to look directly at the sun, and that they forced their fledglings to do the same. Those that blinked would be cast from the nest. This belief persisted until the <a href="/wiki/Medieval_era" class="mw-redirect" title="Medieval era">Medieval era</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The eagle is the patron animal of the <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_religion" title="Ancient Greek religion">ancient Greek god</a> <a href="/wiki/Zeus" title="Zeus">Zeus</a>. In particular, Zeus was said to have taken the form of an eagle in order to abduct <a href="/wiki/Ganymede_(mythology)" title="Ganymede (mythology)">Ganymede</a>, and there are numerous artistic depictions of the eagle Zeus bearing Ganymede aloft, from Classical times up to the present (see illustrations in the <a href="/wiki/Ganymede_(mythology)" title="Ganymede (mythology)">Ganymede (mythology)</a> page.)<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Eagles appear metaphorically in many translations of the <a href="/wiki/Old_Testament" title="Old Testament">Old Testament</a>. God is spoken of as carrying Israel on "eagles' wings" in <a href="/wiki/Book_of_Exodus" title="Book of Exodus">Exodus</a> 19:4, <a href="/wiki/Book_of_Isaiah" title="Book of Isaiah">Isaiah</a> 40:31 compares those who wait on the Lord to flying eagles, and <a href="/wiki/Psalm_103" title="Psalm 103">Psalm 103</a> mentions renewing one's youth "as the eagle". In explaining this rejuvenation, <a href="/wiki/Augustine_of_Hippo" title="Augustine of Hippo">Augustine of Hippo</a> says in his commentary on the <a href="/wiki/Psalms" title="Psalms">Psalms</a> that eagles' beaks overgrow as they age and that they break them against rocks to restore them.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The translation, however, is uncertain: the word in the Hebrew, <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%D7%A0%D7%A9%D7%A8" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:נשר">נשר</a>, can also be translated <a href="/wiki/Vulture" title="Vulture">vulture</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and is listed alongside specific kinds of vulture in <a href="/wiki/Book_of_Leviticus" title="Book of Leviticus">Leviticus</a>' discussion of <a href="/wiki/Kosher_animals" title="Kosher animals">unclean animals</a>. </p><p>The eagle is also often used in <a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christian</a> iconography to represent the <a href="/wiki/Gospel_of_John" title="Gospel of John">Gospel of John</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-CathEnc_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CathEnc-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Eagle_lectern" title="Eagle lectern">eagle-shaped lecterns</a> are common in <a href="/wiki/Anglicanism" title="Anglicanism">Anglican</a> and some <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Roman Catholic churches</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Delderfield_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Delderfield-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The eagle was believed to be able to look directly into the sun in the same way that the Gospel of John looks directly at Jesus' divinity, and the great distances the eagle flies represent the spread of the gospel to the ends of the earth. </p><p>The United States <a href="/wiki/Eagle_feather_law" title="Eagle feather law">eagle feather law</a> stipulates that only individuals of certifiable <a href="/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_States" title="Native Americans in the United States">Native American</a> ancestry enrolled in a federally recognized tribe are legally authorized to obtain eagle feathers for <a href="/wiki/Religion" title="Religion">religious</a> or <a href="/wiki/Spirituality" title="Spirituality">spiritual</a> reasons.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In Canada, the <a href="/wiki/Poaching" title="Poaching">poaching</a> of eagle feathers for the booming U.S. market has sometimes resulted in the arrests of First Nations person for the crime.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Moche_(culture)" class="mw-redirect" title="Moche (culture)">Moche</a> people of ancient <a href="/wiki/Peru" title="Peru">Peru</a> worshiped the eagle and often depicted eagles in their art.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The golden eagle was sacred to the <a href="/wiki/Aztec_mythology" title="Aztec mythology">Aztec</a> god <a href="/wiki/Huitzilopochtli" class="mw-redirect" title="Huitzilopochtli">Huitzilopochtli</a> while the harpy eagle was sacred to <a href="/wiki/Quetzalcoatl" class="mw-redirect" title="Quetzalcoatl">Quetzalcoatl</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Heraldry">Heraldry</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eagle&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Heraldry"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Eagle_(heraldry)" title="Eagle (heraldry)">Eagle (heraldry)</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Eagle" title="Special:EditPage/Eagle">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">July 2016</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Austria_Bundesadler.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Austria_Bundesadler.svg/170px-Austria_Bundesadler.svg.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Austria_Bundesadler.svg/255px-Austria_Bundesadler.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Austria_Bundesadler.svg/340px-Austria_Bundesadler.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="739" data-file-height="782" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Austria" title="Coat of arms of Austria">Coat of arms of Austria</a>.</figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:204px;max-width:204px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kotka.vaakuna.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Kotka.vaakuna.svg/200px-Kotka.vaakuna.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="230" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Kotka.vaakuna.svg/300px-Kotka.vaakuna.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Kotka.vaakuna.svg/400px-Kotka.vaakuna.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="575" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Coat of arms of <a href="/wiki/Kotka" title="Kotka">Kotka</a>, <a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finland</a></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Greater_coat_of_arms_of_the_United_States.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Greater_coat_of_arms_of_the_United_States.svg/200px-Greater_coat_of_arms_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="211" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Greater_coat_of_arms_of_the_United_States.svg/300px-Greater_coat_of_arms_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Greater_coat_of_arms_of_the_United_States.svg/400px-Greater_coat_of_arms_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="451" data-file-height="476" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Coat of arms of the United States</div></div></div></div></div> <p>Eagles are an exceptionally common symbol in heraldry, being considered the "King of Birds" in contrast to the <a href="/wiki/Lion" title="Lion">lion</a>, the "King of Beasts". Whereas the lion (e.g. England) usually represents authority, the eagle is the symbol of power. They are particularly popular in Germanic countries such as Austria, due to their association with the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a>. The eagle of the Holy Roman Empire was two-headed, supposedly representing the two divisions, <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Roman_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Roman Empire">East</a> and <a href="/wiki/Western_Roman_Empire" title="Western Roman Empire">West</a>, of the old Roman Empire. This motif, derived from the Byzantine (Eastern Roman) Empire was also adopted by the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russian Empire</a> and is still featured in the <a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Albania" title="Flag of Albania">Flag of Albania</a>. The Roman eagle was preceded by the eagle of <a href="/wiki/Ptolemaic_Kingdom" title="Ptolemaic Kingdom">Ptolemaic Egypt</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Achaemenid_Empire" title="Achaemenid Empire">Achaemenid Empire</a>. In the coat of arms of <a href="/wiki/Kotka" title="Kotka">Kotka</a>, Finland, the eagle is depicted carrying an <a href="/wiki/Anchor" title="Anchor">anchor</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Caduceus" title="Caduceus">caduceus</a> on its feet. </p><p>Heraldic eagles are most often found <i>displayed</i>, i.e. with their wings and legs extended. They can also occur <i>close</i>, i.e. with their wings folded, or <i>rising</i>, i.e. about to take flight. The heads, wings, and legs of eagles can also be found independently. </p><p>Eagles symbolize strength, courage, and independence and are commonly found in the heraldry of many nations across the world. Albania, Andorra, Armenia, Austria, Dagestan, Egypt, Germany, Ghana, Iraq, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Mexico, Montenegro, Nigeria, Philippines, Poland, Palestine, Panama, Russia, Romania, Serbia, South Sudan, Somaliland, the United States of America, Yemen, Zambia, and Zimbabwe are the nations whose coats of arms feature an eagle. The eagle's continuing significance and worldwide appeal as a forceful symbol in national identity and imagery is demonstrated by its widespread usage.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eagle&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"There are four major groups of eagles: fish eagles, booted eagles, snake eagles and giant forest eagles."<sup id="cite_ref-aae_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aae-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eagle&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">del Hoyo, J.; Elliot, A. & Sargatal, J. (editors). (1994). <i><a href="/wiki/Handbook_of_the_Birds_of_the_World" title="Handbook of the Birds of the World">Handbook of the Birds of the World</a> Volume 2</i>: New World Vultures to Guineafowl. Lynx Edicions. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/84-87334-15-6" title="Special:BookSources/84-87334-15-6">84-87334-15-6</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oed.com/dictionary/eagle_n?tab=factsheet#5894317">"eagle"</a>. <i>OED</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 July</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=OED&rft.atitle=eagle&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oed.com%2Fdictionary%2Feagle_n%3Ftab%3Dfactsheet%235894317&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEagle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oed.com/dictionary/erne_n?tab=factsheet#5208104">"rne"</a>. <i>OED</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 July</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=OED&rft.atitle=rne&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oed.com%2Fdictionary%2Ferne_n%3Ftab%3Dfactsheet%235208104&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEagle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://svetym.se/entry/%C3%B6rn/1">"Svensk etymologisk ordbok - örn"</a>. <i>svetym.se</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 July</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=svetym.se&rft.atitle=Svensk+etymologisk+ordbok+-+%C3%B6rn&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsvetym.se%2Fentry%2F%25C3%25B6rn%2F1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEagle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMitkusPotierMartinDuriez2018" class="citation cs2">Mitkus, Mindaugas; Potier, Simon; Martin, Graham R.; Duriez, Olivier; Kelber, Almut (26 April 2018), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://oxfordre.com/neuroscience/display/10.1093/acrefore/9780190264086.001.0001/acrefore-9780190264086-e-232">"Raptor Vision"</a>, <i>Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Neuroscience</i>, <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Facrefore%2F9780190264086.013.232">10.1093/acrefore/9780190264086.013.232</a>, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-026408-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-026408-6"><bdi>978-0-19-026408-6</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 June</span> 2023</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Raptor+Vision&rft.btitle=Oxford+Research+Encyclopedia+of+Neuroscience&rft.date=2018-04-26&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Facrefore%2F9780190264086.013.232&rft.isbn=978-0-19-026408-6&rft.aulast=Mitkus&rft.aufirst=Mindaugas&rft.au=Potier%2C+Simon&rft.au=Martin%2C+Graham+R.&rft.au=Duriez%2C+Olivier&rft.au=Kelber%2C+Almut&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Foxfordre.com%2Fneuroscience%2Fdisplay%2F10.1093%2Facrefore%2F9780190264086.001.0001%2Facrefore-9780190264086-e-232&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEagle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMartin1986" class="citation journal cs1">Martin, Graham R. (January 1986). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2F319357a0">"Vision: Shortcomings of an eagle's eye"</a>. <i>Nature</i>. <b>319</b> (6052): 357. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1986Natur.319..357M">1986Natur.319..357M</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2F319357a0">10.1038/319357a0</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1476-4687">1476-4687</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3945316">3945316</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:4233018">4233018</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.atitle=Vision%3A+Shortcomings+of+an+eagle%27s+eye&rft.volume=319&rft.issue=6052&rft.pages=357&rft.date=1986-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A4233018%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1986Natur.319..357M&rft.issn=1476-4687&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2F319357a0&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F3945316&rft.aulast=Martin&rft.aufirst=Graham+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1038%252F319357a0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEagle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFReymond1985" class="citation journal cs1">Reymond, L. (1985). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4090282/">"Spatial visual acuity of the eagle Aquila audax: a behavioural, optical and anatomical investigation"</a>. <i>Vision Research</i>. <b>25</b> (10): 1477–1491. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2F0042-6989%2885%2990226-3">10.1016/0042-6989(85)90226-3</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0042-6989">0042-6989</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4090282">4090282</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:20680520">20680520</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vision+Research&rft.atitle=Spatial+visual+acuity+of+the+eagle+Aquila+audax%3A+a+behavioural%2C+optical+and+anatomical+investigation&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=10&rft.pages=1477-1491&rft.date=1985&rft.issn=0042-6989&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A20680520%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F4090282&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2F0042-6989%2885%2990226-3&rft.aulast=Reymond&rft.aufirst=L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2F4090282%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEagle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMitkusPotierMartinDuriez2018" class="citation cs2">Mitkus, Mindaugas; Potier, Simon; Martin, Graham R.; Duriez, Olivier; Kelber, Almut (26 April 2018), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://oxfordre.com/neuroscience/display/10.1093/acrefore/9780190264086.001.0001/acrefore-9780190264086-e-232">"Raptor Vision"</a>, <i>Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Neuroscience</i>, <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Facrefore%2F9780190264086.013.232">10.1093/acrefore/9780190264086.013.232</a>, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-026408-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-026408-6"><bdi>978-0-19-026408-6</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 June</span> 2023</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Raptor+Vision&rft.btitle=Oxford+Research+Encyclopedia+of+Neuroscience&rft.date=2018-04-26&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Facrefore%2F9780190264086.013.232&rft.isbn=978-0-19-026408-6&rft.aulast=Mitkus&rft.aufirst=Mindaugas&rft.au=Potier%2C+Simon&rft.au=Martin%2C+Graham+R.&rft.au=Duriez%2C+Olivier&rft.au=Kelber%2C+Almut&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Foxfordre.com%2Fneuroscience%2Fdisplay%2F10.1093%2Facrefore%2F9780190264086.001.0001%2Facrefore-9780190264086-e-232&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEagle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLeclerc,_Georges2010" class="citation book cs1">Leclerc, Georges (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=sFmrk6_RBg8C&pg=PA60"><i>The Natural History of Birds: From the French of the Count de Buffon; Illustrated with Engravings, and a Preface, Notes, and Additions, by the Translator</i></a>. Cambridge University Press. pp. 60–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-108-02298-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-108-02298-9"><bdi>978-1-108-02298-9</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160429190712/https://books.google.com/books?id=sFmrk6_RBg8C&pg=PA60">Archived</a> from the original on 29 April 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Natural+History+of+Birds%3A+From+the+French+of+the+Count+de+Buffon%3B+Illustrated+with+Engravings%2C+and+a+Preface%2C+Notes%2C+and+Additions%2C+by+the+Translator&rft.pages=60-&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-1-108-02298-9&rft.au=Leclerc%2C+Georges&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DsFmrk6_RBg8C%26pg%3DPA60&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEagle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Grambo2003-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Grambo2003_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrambo,_Rebecca_L.2003" class="citation book cs1">Grambo, Rebecca L. 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Voyageur Press. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/eagles00gram/page/32">32</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-89658-363-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-89658-363-4"><bdi>978-0-89658-363-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Eagles&rft.pages=32&rft.pub=Voyageur+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-89658-363-4&rft.aulast=Grambo&rft.aufirst=Rebecca+L&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Feagles00gram%2Fpage%2F32&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEagle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-stinson-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-stinson_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStinson1979" class="citation journal cs1">Stinson, Christopher H (1979). "On the Selective Advantage of Fratricide in Raptors". <i>Evolution</i>. <b>33</b> (4): 1219–1225. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F2407480">10.2307/2407480</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/2407480">2407480</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28563923">28563923</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Evolution&rft.atitle=On+the+Selective+Advantage+of+Fratricide+in+Raptors&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=1219-1225&rft.date=1979&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F28563923&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F2407480%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F2407480&rft.aulast=Stinson&rft.aufirst=Christopher+H&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEagle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-RaptorsWorld-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-RaptorsWorld_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-RaptorsWorld_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-RaptorsWorld_13-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-RaptorsWorld_13-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-RaptorsWorld_13-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFerguson-Lees,_J.Christie,_D.2001" class="citation book cs1">Ferguson-Lees, J.; Christie, D. 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(1989). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/hawksinflight00clay"><i>Hawks in Flight: The Flight Identification of North American Migrant Raptors</i></a></span>. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-3955-1022-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-3955-1022-8"><bdi>0-3955-1022-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hawks+in+Flight%3A+The+Flight+Identification+of+North+American+Migrant+Raptors&rft.place=Boston&rft.pub=Houghton+Mifflin+Harcourt&rft.date=1989&rft.isbn=0-3955-1022-8&rft.au=Sutton%2C+C.&rft.au=Dunne%2C+P.&rft.au=Sibley%2C+D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhawksinflight00clay&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEagle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ferguson-Lees, et al.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-HBW-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-HBW_19-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HBW_19-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFdel_HoyoElliotSargatal1996" class="citation book cs1">del Hoyo, J; Elliot, A; Sargatal, J (1996). <a href="/wiki/Handbook_of_the_Birds_of_the_World" title="Handbook of the Birds of the World"><i>Handbook of the Birds of the World</i></a>. Vol. 3. <a href="/wiki/Barcelona" title="Barcelona">Barcelona</a>: <a href="/wiki/Lynx_Edicions" class="mw-redirect" title="Lynx Edicions">Lynx Edicions</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/84-87334-20-2" title="Special:BookSources/84-87334-20-2"><bdi>84-87334-20-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Handbook+of+the+Birds+of+the+World&rft.place=Barcelona&rft.pub=Lynx+Edicions&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=84-87334-20-2&rft.aulast=del+Hoyo&rft.aufirst=J&rft.au=Elliot%2C+A&rft.au=Sargatal%2C+J&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEagle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-PhilRaptors-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-PhilRaptors_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGamauf,_A.Preleuthner,_M.Winkler,_H.1998" class="citation journal cs1">Gamauf, A.; Preleuthner, M. & Winkler, H. (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sora.unm.edu/sites/default/files/journals/auk/v115n03/p0713-p0726.pdf">"Philippine Birds of Prey: Interrelations among habitat, morphology and behavior"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Auk" class="mw-redirect" title="The Auk">The Auk</a></i>. <b>115</b> (3): 713–726. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F4089419">10.2307/4089419</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/4089419">4089419</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140823062018/http://sora.unm.edu/sites/default/files/journals/auk/v115n03/p0713-p0726.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 23 August 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Auk&rft.atitle=Philippine+Birds+of+Prey%3A+Interrelations+among+habitat%2C+morphology+and+behavior&rft.volume=115&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=713-726&rft.date=1998&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F4089419&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F4089419%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.au=Gamauf%2C+A.&rft.au=Preleuthner%2C+M.&rft.au=Winkler%2C+H.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsora.unm.edu%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Fjournals%2Fauk%2Fv115n03%2Fp0713-p0726.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEagle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMorgan,_A.M." class="citation journal cs1">Morgan, A.M. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130424140132/http://birdssa.asn.au/saopdfs/Volume%2011/1932V11P156.pdf">"The spread and weight of the Wedge-tailed Eagle"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>South Australian Ornithologist</i>. <b>11</b>: 156–157. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 September</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.europeanraptors.org&rft.atitle=European+Raptors%3A+Golden+Eagle&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanraptors.org%2Fraptors%2Fgolden_eagle.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEagle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-aae-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-aae_24-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-aae_24-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStalcup" class="citation web cs1">Stalcup, Carolyn. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140714180316/http://www.eagles.org/programs/eagle-facts/all-about-eagles.php">"All About Eagles"</a>. The American Eagle Foundation. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 May</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=All+About+Eagles&rft.pub=The+American+Eagle+Foundation&rft.aulast=Stalcup&rft.aufirst=Carolyn&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eagles.org%2Fprograms%2Feagle-facts%2Fall-about-eagles.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEagle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-rutledge-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-rutledge_26-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rutledge_26-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rutledge_26-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rutledge_26-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rutledge_26-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rutledge_26-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRutledge" class="citation web cs1">Rutledge, Hope. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.baldeagleinfo.com/eagle/eagle6.html">"Eagles of the World"</a>. <i>American Bald Eagle Information</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140528060325/http://www.baldeagleinfo.com/eagle/eagle6.html">Archived</a> from the original on 28 May 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 June</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=American+Bald+Eagle+Information&rft.atitle=Eagles+of+the+World&rft.aulast=Rutledge&rft.aufirst=Hope&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.baldeagleinfo.com%2Feagle%2Feagle6.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEagle" class="Z3988"></span> from <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrambo1999" class="citation book cs1">Grambo, Rebecca L. (1999). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/eagles00gram"><i>Eagles</i></a></span>. 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(9 May 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tolweb.org/Accipitridae/26375/2006.05.09">"Accipitridae"</a>. <i>The Tree of Life Web Project</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141223171046/http://tolweb.org/Accipitridae/26375/2006.05.09">Archived</a> from the original on 23 December 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Tree+of+Life+Web+Project&rft.atitle=Accipitridae&rft.date=2006-05-09&rft.aulast=Lerner&rft.aufirst=Heather+R.+L.&rft.au=Mindell%2C+David+P.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftolweb.org%2FAccipitridae%2F26375%2F2006.05.09&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEagle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oiseaux-birds.com/article-fish-eagles-feeding-behaviour.html#:~:text=The%20fish%20eagles%20occur%20throughout,eagle%20also%20occurs%20in%20Australia.">"Sea Eagles, Fish Eagles and Fishing Eagles"</a>. <i>www.oiseaux-birds.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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"Age of the breeders, but not territory quality, explains hatching sex ratio in booted eagles". <i>Journal of Avian Biology</i>. <b>51</b> (8). <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fjav.02511">10.1111/jav.02511</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Avian+Biology&rft.atitle=Age+of+the+breeders%2C+but+not+territory+quality%2C+explains+hatching+sex+ratio+in+booted+eagles&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=8&rft.date=2020-05-25&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fjav.02511&rft.aulast=Morandini&rft.aufirst=Virginia&rft.au=Baumbusch%2C+Ryan&rft.au=Balbontin%2C+Javier&rft.au=Ferrer%2C+Miguel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEagle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-oiseaux-booted-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-oiseaux-booted_32-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-oiseaux-booted_32-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBouglouan" class="citation web cs1">Bouglouan, Nicole. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oiseaux-birds.com/article-booted-eagles-intro.html">"The booted eagles throughout the world: introduction"</a>. <i>Oiseaux-birds</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140517040832/http://www.oiseaux-birds.com/article-booted-eagles-intro.html">Archived</a> from the original on 17 May 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 June</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Oiseaux-birds&rft.atitle=The+booted+eagles+throughout+the+world%3A+introduction&rft.aulast=Bouglouan&rft.aufirst=Nicole&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oiseaux-birds.com%2Farticle-booted-eagles-intro.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEagle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOnofreSampaio2020" class="citation journal cs1">Onofre, Nuno; Sampaio, Luís (2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://silva-lusitana.edpsciences.org/articles/silu/pdf/2020/02/silu2020282p139.pdf">"Feeding Ecology of Short-Toed Snake-Eagle (<i>Circaetus gallicus</i> [Gmelin, 1788]) in the Montados of Iberian Peninsula"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Silva Lusitana</i>. <b>28</b> (2): 155–179. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1051%2Fsilu%2F20202802139">10.1051/silu/20202802139</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Silva+Lusitana&rft.atitle=Feeding+Ecology+of+Short-Toed+Snake-Eagle+%28Circaetus+gallicus+%5BGmelin%2C+1788%5D%29+in+the+Montados+of+Iberian+Peninsula&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=155-179&rft.date=2020&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1051%2Fsilu%2F20202802139&rft.aulast=Onofre&rft.aufirst=Nuno&rft.au=Sampaio%2C+Lu%C3%ADs&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsilva-lusitana.edpsciences.org%2Farticles%2Fsilu%2Fpdf%2F2020%2F02%2Fsilu2020282p139.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEagle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.treknature.com/gallery/photo181166.htm">"TrekNature | Whitehead eagle Photo"</a>. <i>www.treknature.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 March</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.treknature.com&rft.atitle=TrekNature+%7C+Whitehead+eagle+Photo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.treknature.com%2Fgallery%2Fphoto181166.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEagle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFReaney" class="citation book cs1">Reaney, P.H. <i>The Origin of English Place Names</i> (1964 ed.). Routledge and Kegan Paul. p. 166.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Origin+of+English+Place+Names&rft.pages=166&rft.edition=1964&rft.pub=Routledge+and+Kegan+Paul&rft.aulast=Reaney&rft.aufirst=P.H.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEagle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Horowitz1998-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Horowitz1998_36-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHorowitz1998" class="citation book cs1">Horowitz, Wayne (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=P8fl8BXpR0MC&q=Etana+eagle&pg=PA44"><i>Mesopotamian Cosmic Geography</i></a>. Winona Lake, Indiana: Eisenbrauns. pp. 43–59. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-931464-99-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-931464-99-4"><bdi>0-931464-99-4</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171206144500/https://books.google.com/books?id=P8fl8BXpR0MC&pg=PA44&dq=Etana+eagle&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi55daPqrXXAhVI5YMKHbFHD88Q6AEILzAC#v=onepage&q=Etana%20eagle&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on 6 December 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mesopotamian+Cosmic+Geography&rft.place=Winona+Lake%2C+Indiana&rft.pages=43-59&rft.pub=Eisenbrauns&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=0-931464-99-4&rft.aulast=Horowitz&rft.aufirst=Wayne&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DP8fl8BXpR0MC%26q%3DEtana%2Beagle%26pg%3DPA44&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEagle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Badke, David. <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bestiary.ca/beasts/beast232.htm">The Medieval Bestiary</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161122175138/http://bestiary.ca/beasts/beast232.htm">Archived</a> 22 November 2016 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHutchinson1749" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_Hutchinson_(writer)" title="John Hutchinson (writer)">Hutchinson, John</a> (1749). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=14tPAAAAYAAJ"><i>Philosophical and Theological Works of the Late Truly Learned John Hutchinson</i></a>. London, UK: James Hedges. p. 402. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160425203217/https://books.google.com/books?id=14tPAAAAYAAJ">Archived</a> from the original on 25 April 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Philosophical+and+Theological+Works+of+the+Late+Truly+Learned+John+Hutchinson&rft.place=London%2C+UK&rft.pages=402&rft.pub=James+Hedges&rft.date=1749&rft.aulast=Hutchinson&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D14tPAAAAYAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEagle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ccel.org/ccel/schaff/npnf108.ii.CIII.html">Psalm 103</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150508120622/http://www.ccel.org/ccel/schaff/npnf108.ii.CIII.html">Archived</a> 8 May 2015 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> in Augustine's commentary.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.blueletterbible.org/lexicon/h5404/wlc/wlc/0-1/">"Lexicon: Strong's H5404 - nešer"</a>. <i>Blue Letter Bible</i>. 11 June 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Blue+Letter+Bible&rft.atitle=Lexicon%3A+Strong%27s+H5404+-+ne%C5%A1er&rft.date=2023-06-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.blueletterbible.org%2Flexicon%2Fh5404%2Fwlc%2Fwlc%2F0-1%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEagle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CathEnc-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CathEnc_41-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Fonck, L. (1910). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08492a.htm">St. John the Evangelist</a>. In <i>The Catholic Encyclopedia</i> (New York: Robert Appleton Company). Retrieved 14 August 2017 from New Advent.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Delderfield-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Delderfield_42-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDelderfield1966" class="citation book cs1">Delderfield, Eric R. (1966). <i>A Guide to Church Furniture</i>. Newton Abbot: David & Charles.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Guide+to+Church+Furniture&rft.place=Newton+Abbot&rft.pub=David+%26+Charles&rft.date=1966&rft.aulast=Delderfield&rft.aufirst=Eric+R.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEagle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOffice_of_Law_Enforcement" class="citation web cs1">Office of Law Enforcement. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071010032432/http://www.fws.gov/mountain-prairie/law/le65.html">"National Eagle Repository"</a>. <i>Mountain-Prairie Region</i>. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Fish_and_Wildlife_Service" title="United States Fish and Wildlife Service">United States Fish and Wildlife Service</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fws.gov/mountain-prairie/law/le65.html">the original</a> on 10 October 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 November</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Mountain-Prairie+Region&rft.atitle=National+Eagle+Repository&rft.au=Office+of+Law+Enforcement&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fws.gov%2Fmountain-prairie%2Flaw%2Fle65.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEagle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSin2006" class="citation news cs1">Sin, Lena (30 April 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090531090255/http://www2.canada.com/theprovince/news/story.html?id=7037508c-70c7-4c47-9d3e-713a118e6b66&k=55151">"Charges laid in eagle-poaching case"</a>. <i>The Province</i>. CanWest MediaWorks Publications Inc. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.canada.com/theprovince/news/story.html?id=7037508c-70c7-4c47-9d3e-713a118e6b66&k=55151">the original</a> on 31 May 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 November</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Province&rft.atitle=Charges+laid+in+eagle-poaching+case&rft.date=2006-04-30&rft.aulast=Sin&rft.aufirst=Lena&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.canada.com%2Ftheprovince%2Fnews%2Fstory.html%3Fid%3D7037508c-70c7-4c47-9d3e-713a118e6b66%26k%3D55151&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEagle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Larco Herrera, Rafael, and Berrin, Kathleen (1997) <i>The Spirit of Ancient Peru</i> <a href="/wiki/Thames_and_Hudson" class="mw-redirect" title="Thames and Hudson">Thames and Hudson</a>, New York, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0500018022" title="Special:BookSources/0500018022">0500018022</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">de Borhegyi, Carl (30 October 2012). "Evidence of Mushroom Worship in Mesoamerica". The Yucatan Times. Archived from the original on 12 September 2014. Retrieved 11 September 2014.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNoor2024" class="citation web cs1">Noor, Naeem (14 April 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://symbolhunt.com/coat-of-arms-world/">"Coat of Arms of the World"</a>. <i>symbolhunt.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 April</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=symbolhunt.com&rft.atitle=Coat+of+Arms+of+the+World&rft.date=2024-04-14&rft.aulast=Noor&rft.aufirst=Naeem&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsymbolhunt.com%2Fcoat-of-arms-world%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEagle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eagle&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/51px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/68px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikiquote has quotations related to <i><b><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Eagles" class="extiw" title="q:Eagles">Eagles</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/38px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="38" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/57px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/76px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a> has the text of the <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">1911 <i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i></a> article "<span style="font-weight:bold;"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Eagle" class="extiw" title="wikisource:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Eagle">Eagle</a></span>".</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Accipitridae" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Accipitridae">Eagles</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pbs.org/wnet/nature/eagles-introduction/3089/">PBS Nature: Eagles</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://orientalbirdimages.org/search.php?keyword=eagle">Eagle photos</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120606175403/http://orientalbirdimages.org/search.php?keyword=eagle">Archived</a> 6 June 2012 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> on Oriental Bird Images</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ibc.lynxeds.com/family/hawks-eagles-accipitridae">Eagle videos</a> on the Internet Bird Collection</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ub.edu/aligaperdiguera">Web of the Conservation Biology Team-Bonelli's Eagle, of the University of Barcelona</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ustream.tv/decoraheagles">Decorah Eagles: 24/7 Live Webcam from The Raptor Resource Project</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120301184952/http://www.ustream.tv/decoraheagles">Archived</a> 1 March 2012 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sea-eaglecam.org/video.html">EagleCAM: White-bellied Sea Eagles Live Webcam at Discovery Centre in Sydney, Australia</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:The New International Encyclopædia/Eagle"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_New_International_Encyclop%C3%A6dia/Eagle">"Eagle" </a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/New_International_Encyclopedia" class="mw-redirect" title="New International Encyclopedia">New International Encyclopedia</a></i>. 1905.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Eagle&rft.btitle=New+International+Encyclopedia&rft.date=1905&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEagle" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Geranoaetus" title="Geranoaetus">Geranoaetus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black-chested_buzzard-eagle" title="Black-chested buzzard-eagle">Black-chested buzzard-eagle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Variable_hawk" title="Variable hawk">Variable hawk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White-tailed_hawk" title="White-tailed hawk">White-tailed hawk</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Buteo" title="Buteo">Buteo</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Common_buzzard" title="Common buzzard">Common buzzard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_buzzard" title="Eastern buzzard">Eastern buzzard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Himalayan_buzzard" title="Himalayan buzzard">Himalayan buzzard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Verde_buzzard" title="Cape Verde buzzard">Cape Verde buzzard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socotra_buzzard" title="Socotra buzzard">Socotra buzzard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red-tailed_hawk" title="Red-tailed hawk">Red-tailed hawk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long-legged_buzzard" title="Long-legged buzzard">Long-legged buzzard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rough-legged_buzzard" title="Rough-legged buzzard">Rough-legged buzzard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferruginous_hawk" title="Ferruginous hawk">Ferruginous hawk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red-shouldered_hawk" title="Red-shouldered hawk">Red-shouldered hawk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broad-winged_hawk" title="Broad-winged hawk">Broad-winged hawk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swainson%27s_hawk" title="Swainson's hawk">Swainson's hawk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ridgway%27s_hawk" title="Ridgway's hawk">Ridgway's hawk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White-rumped_hawk" title="White-rumped hawk">White-rumped hawk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Short-tailed_hawk" title="Short-tailed hawk">Short-tailed hawk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White-throated_hawk" title="White-throated hawk">White-throated hawk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galapagos_hawk" title="Galapagos hawk">Galapagos hawk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gray_hawk" title="Gray hawk">Gray hawk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zone-tailed_hawk" title="Zone-tailed hawk">Zone-tailed hawk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hawaiian_hawk" title="Hawaiian hawk">Hawaiian hawk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rufous-tailed_hawk" title="Rufous-tailed hawk">Rufous-tailed hawk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forest_buzzard" title="Forest buzzard">Forest buzzard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountain_buzzard" title="Mountain buzzard">Mountain buzzard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madagascar_buzzard" title="Madagascar buzzard">Madagascar buzzard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upland_buzzard" title="Upland buzzard">Upland buzzard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red-necked_buzzard" title="Red-necked buzzard">Red-necked buzzard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jackal_buzzard" title="Jackal buzzard">Jackal buzzard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archer%27s_buzzard" title="Archer's buzzard">Archer's buzzard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augur_buzzard" title="Augur buzzard">Augur buzzard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i>Rupornis</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roadside_hawk" title="Roadside hawk">Roadside hawk</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Parabuteo" title="Parabuteo">Parabuteo</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Harris%27s_hawk" title="Harris's hawk">Harris's hawk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White-rumped_hawk" title="White-rumped hawk">White-rumped hawk</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Buteogallus" title="Buteogallus">Buteogallus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rufous_crab_hawk" title="Rufous crab hawk">Rufous crab hawk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_black_hawk" title="Common black hawk">Common black hawk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuban_black_hawk" title="Cuban black hawk">Cuban black hawk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_black_hawk" title="Great black hawk">Great black hawk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Savanna_hawk" title="Savanna hawk">Savanna hawk</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i>Busarellus</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black-collared_hawk" title="Black-collared hawk">Black-collared hawk</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Leucopternis" title="Leucopternis">Leucopternis</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/White-browed_hawk" title="White-browed hawk">White-browed hawk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White-necked_hawk" title="White-necked hawk">White-necked hawk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black-faced_hawk" title="Black-faced hawk">Black-faced hawk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plumbeous_hawk" title="Plumbeous hawk">Plumbeous hawk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barred_hawk" title="Barred hawk">Barred hawk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slate-colored_hawk" title="Slate-colored hawk">Slate-colored hawk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semiplumbeous_hawk" title="Semiplumbeous hawk">Semiplumbeous hawk</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Pseudastur" title="Pseudastur">Pseudastur</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grey-backed_hawk" title="Grey-backed hawk">Grey-backed hawk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_hawk" title="White hawk">White hawk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mantled_hawk" title="Mantled hawk">Mantled hawk</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i>Kaupifalco</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lizard_buzzard" title="Lizard buzzard">Lizard buzzard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Butastur" title="Butastur">Butastur</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rufous-winged_buzzard" title="Rufous-winged buzzard">Rufous-winged buzzard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grasshopper_buzzard" title="Grasshopper buzzard">Grasshopper buzzard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White-eyed_buzzard" title="White-eyed buzzard">White-eyed buzzard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grey-faced_buzzard" title="Grey-faced buzzard">Grey-faced buzzard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Harpyhaliaetus" class="mw-redirect" title="Harpyhaliaetus">Harpyhaliaetus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chaco_eagle" title="Chaco eagle">Chaco eagle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solitary_eagle" title="Solitary eagle">Solitary eagle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Eagle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buzzard" title="Buzzard">Buzzard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2092297#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2092297#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2092297#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/900506/">FAST</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4141431-7">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85040377">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00574162">Japan</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="orel"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph549197&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX529874">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007567951605171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10645076">NARA</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Eagle&oldid=1258036129">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Eagle&oldid=1258036129</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Eagles" 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