CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>G7 - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"fdad72d8-5604-42ec-bbaa-301506a0169a","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"G7","wgTitle":"G7","wgCurRevisionId":1274903158,"wgRevisionId":1274903158,"wgArticleId":1196634,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Webarchive template wayback links","CS1 French-language sources (fr)","CS1 Spanish-language sources (es)","CS1 Italian-language sources (it)","CS1 Japanese-language sources (ja)","CS1 errors: missing title","CS1 errors: bare URL","Articles with short description","Short description is different from Wikidata","Use dmy dates from October 2022","Articles containing French-language text","Articles containing German-language text","Articles containing Italian-language text", "Articles containing Japanese-language text","Infoboxes without native name language parameter","Wikipedia articles in need of updating from January 2022","All Wikipedia articles in need of updating","Commons category link is on Wikidata","G7 summits","Intergovernmental organizations","International economic organizations","Economic country classifications","20th-century diplomatic conferences","21st-century diplomatic conferences","Organizations established in 1975"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"G7","wgRelevantArticleId":1196634,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir": "ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":100000,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q1764511","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","mediawiki.page.gallery.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready", "skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.tablesorter.styles":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.tablesorter","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints", "ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cjquery.tablesorter.styles%7Cmediawiki.page.gallery.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.15"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/P20240613AS-0546.jpg/1200px-P20240613AS-0546.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="800"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/P20240613AS-0546.jpg/800px-P20240613AS-0546.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="533"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/P20240613AS-0546.jpg/640px-P20240613AS-0546.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="427"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="G7 - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/G7"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=G7&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G7"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-G7 rootpage-G7 skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" title="Main menu" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=G7" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=G7" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=G7" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=G7" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Origins" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Origins"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Origins</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Origins-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-First_summit_and_expansion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#First_summit_and_expansion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>First summit and expansion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-First_summit_and_expansion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rising_profile" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rising_profile"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Rising profile</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rising_profile-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Renewed_calls_for_expanded_membership" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Renewed_calls_for_expanded_membership"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Renewed calls for expanded membership</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Renewed_calls_for_expanded_membership-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Activities_and_initiatives" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Activities_and_initiatives"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Activities and initiatives</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Activities_and_initiatives-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Activities and initiatives subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Activities_and_initiatives-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-2019_Amazon_rainforest_fires_and_Brazil" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2019_Amazon_rainforest_fires_and_Brazil"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>2019 Amazon rainforest fires and Brazil</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2019_Amazon_rainforest_fires_and_Brazil-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Summit_organization" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Summit_organization"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Summit organization</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Summit_organization-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Friction_with_the_United_States" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Friction_with_the_United_States"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.1</span> <span>Friction with the United States</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Friction_with_the_United_States-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-List_of_summits" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#List_of_summits"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>List of summits</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-List_of_summits-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Current_leaders" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Current_leaders"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Current leaders</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Current_leaders-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Member_country_data" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Member_country_data"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Member country data</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Member_country_data-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reception" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reception"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Reception</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Reception-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Reception subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Reception-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-2015_protests" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2015_protests"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>2015 protests</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2015_protests-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">G7</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 75 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-75" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">75 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groep_van_Sewe" title="Groep van Sewe – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Groep van Sewe" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/G7" title="G7 – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="G7" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B9%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B9%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%A8%D8%B9" title="مجموعة الدول الصناعية السبع – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مجموعة الدول الصناعية السبع" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/G-7" title="G-7 – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="G-7" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/G7" title="G7 – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="G7" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BF%E0%A7%AD" title="জি৭ – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="জি৭" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D1%8F%D0%BC%D1%91%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Вялікая сямёрка – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Вялікая сямёрка" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93-7" title="Г-7 – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Г-7" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/G7" title="G7 – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="G7" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/G-7" title="G-7 – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="G-7" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/G7" title="G7 – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="G7" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/G7" title="G7 – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="G7" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/G7" title="G7 – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="G7" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/G7" title="G7 – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="G7" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/G7" title="G7 – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="G7" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/G7" title="G7 – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="G7" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/G7" title="G7 – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="G7" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grupo_de_la_Sep" title="Grupo de la Sep – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Grupo de la Sep" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/G7" title="G7 – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="G7" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%87_%D9%87%D9%81%D8%AA" title="گروه هفت – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="گروه هفت" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/G7" title="G7 – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="G7" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groupe_des_sept_(%C3%A9conomie)" title="Groupe des sept (économie) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Groupe des sept (économie)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/G7" title="G7 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="G7" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%A5%D5%AE_%D5%B5%D5%B8%D5%A9%D5%B6%D5%B5%D5%A1%D5%AF" title="Մեծ յոթնյակ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մեծ յոթնյակ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%80%E0%A5%AD" title="जी७ – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="जी७" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/G7" title="G7 – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="G7" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grupo_de_Sep" title="Grupo de Sep – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Grupo de Sep" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/G7" title="G7 – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="G7" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/G7" title="G7 – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="G7" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sj%C3%B6_helstu_i%C3%B0nr%C3%ADki_heims" title="Sjö helstu iðnríki heims – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Sjö helstu iðnríki heims" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/G7" title="G7 – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="G7" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/G7" title="G7 – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="G7" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B5%E0%B3%86%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A4%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%A8_%E0%B2%86%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A5%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%A4%E0%B3%86" title="ಕಾಮನ್ವೆಲ್ತಿನ ಆರ್ಥಿಕತೆ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಕಾಮನ್ವೆಲ್ತಿನ ಆರ್ಥಿಕತೆ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/G7" title="G7 – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="G7" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/G7_valstis" title="G7 valstis – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="G7 valstis" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/G7" title="G7 – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="G7" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Didysis_septynetas" title="Didysis septynetas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Didysis septynetas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gr%C3%B3p_vaan_Zeve" title="Gróp vaan Zeve – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Gróp vaan Zeve" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/G7" title="G7 – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="G7" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/G7" title="G7 – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="G7" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%85_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BE" title="Их долоо – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Их долоо" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groep_van_Zeven" title="Groep van Zeven – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Groep van Zeven" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BF-%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AD%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8" title="जि-सेभेन – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="जि-सेभेन" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja badge-Q20748091 badge-notproofread mw-list-item" title="not proofread"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%BB%E8%A6%81%E5%9B%BD%E9%A6%96%E8%84%B3%E4%BC%9A%E8%AD%B0" title="主要国首脳会議 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="主要国首脳会議" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/G7" title="G7 – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="G7" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/G7" title="G7 – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="G7" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katta_yettilik" title="Katta yettilik – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Katta yettilik" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%88_%DA%89%D9%84%D9%87" title="د اوو ډله – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="د اوو ډله" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%80%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%BB%E1%9E%98%E1%9E%94%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%91%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%91%E1%9E%B6%E1%9F%86%E1%9E%84%E1%9E%94%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%B6%E1%9F%86%E1%9E%96%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%9A" title="ក្រុមប្រទេសទាំងប្រាំពីរ – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ក្រុមប្រទេសទាំងប្រាំពីរ" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/G7_(grupa)" title="G7 (grupa) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="G7 (grupa)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/G7" title="G7 – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="G7" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/G7" title="G7 – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="G7" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%88%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%91%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Большая семёрка – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Большая семёрка" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/G7" title="G7 – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="G7" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/G7" title="G7 – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="G7" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/G7" title="G7 – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="G7" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/G7" title="G7 – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="G7" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/G7" title="G7 – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="G7" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%88%D9%BE%DB%8C_%D8%AD%DB%95%D9%88%D8%AA" title="گرووپی حەوت – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="گرووپی حەوت" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/G7" title="G7 – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="G7" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/G7" title="G7 – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="G7" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/G7" title="G7 – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="G7" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/G7" title="G7 – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="G7" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9C%E0%AE%BF-7" title="ஜி-7 – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஜி-7" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-tara mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-tara.wikipedia.org/wiki/G7" title="G7 – Tarantino" lang="nap-x-tara" hreflang="nap-x-tara" data-title="G7" data-language-autonym="Tarandíne" data-language-local-name="Tarantino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tarandíne</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B8%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A1_7" title="กลุ่ม 7 – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="กลุ่ม 7" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/G7" title="G7 – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="G7" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/G7" title="G7 – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="G7" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D8%B1%D9%88%DB%81_7" title="گروہ 7 – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="گروہ 7" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%8A%DB%95%D8%AA%D8%AA%DB%95_%D8%AF%DB%86%D9%84%DB%95%D8%AA_%DA%AF%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88%DA%BE%D9%89" title="يەتتە دۆلەت گوروھى – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="يەتتە دۆلەت گوروھى" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/G7" title="G7 – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="G7" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/G7" title="G7 – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="G7" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%83%E5%9B%BD%E9%9B%86%E5%9B%A2" title="七国集团 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="七国集团" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%83%E5%A4%A7%E5%B7%A5%E6%A5%AD%E5%9C%8B%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94" title="七大工業國組織 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="七大工業國組織" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%83%E5%A4%A7%E5%B7%A5%E6%A5%AD%E5%9C%8B%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94" title="七大工業國組織 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="七大工業國組織" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1764511#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/G7" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:G7" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/G7"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=G7&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=G7&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/G7"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=G7&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=G7&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/G7" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/G7" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=G7&oldid=1274903158" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=G7&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=G7&id=1274903158&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FG7"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FG7"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=G7&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=G7&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Group_of_Seven" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikinews mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Category:G7" hreflang="en"><span>Wikinews</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1764511" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Intergovernmental political and economic forum</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Group of Six" redirects here. For the unofficial European group, see <a href="/wiki/G6_(EU)" title="G6 (EU)">G6 (EU)</a>. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/G7_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="G7 (disambiguation)">G7 (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Group of Seven" redirects here. For the Canadian group of artists, see <a href="/wiki/Group_of_Seven_(artists)" title="Group of Seven (artists)">Group of Seven (artists)</a>. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Group_of_Seven_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Group of Seven (disambiguation)">Group of Seven (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the Wikipedia speedy deletion policy, see <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:G7" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:G7">WP:G7</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">G7</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div>Group of Seven</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a>: <i lang="fr">Groupe des sept</i></li><li><a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a>: <i lang="de">Gruppe der Sieben</i></li><li><a href="/wiki/Italian_language" title="Italian language">Italian</a>: <i lang="it">Gruppo dei Sette</i></li><li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_language" title="Japanese language">Japanese</a>: <span lang="ja">主要国首脳会議</span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Japanese" title="Romanization of Japanese">romanized</a>: </small><span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">Shuyōkoku Shunōkaigi</i></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image logo"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:P20240613AS-0546.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/P20240613AS-0546.jpg/245px-P20240613AS-0546.jpg" decoding="async" width="245" height="163" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/P20240613AS-0546.jpg/368px-P20240613AS-0546.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/P20240613AS-0546.jpg/490px-P20240613AS-0546.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2000" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">G7 leaders attend a working session at the 2024 Italian G7 Summit in Borgo Egnazia (<a href="/wiki/Fasano" title="Fasano">Fasano</a>) in <a href="/wiki/Apulia" title="Apulia">Apulia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image logo"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Group_of_Seven_(G7)_Countries.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Group_of_Seven_%28G7%29_Countries.svg/280px-Group_of_Seven_%28G7%29_Countries.svg.png" decoding="async" width="280" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Group_of_Seven_%28G7%29_Countries.svg/420px-Group_of_Seven_%28G7%29_Countries.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Group_of_Seven_%28G7%29_Countries.svg/560px-Group_of_Seven_%28G7%29_Countries.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2754" data-file-height="1398" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">The G7-states (blue) and the EU (teal) <hr /> <p><b>Member states and key leaders:</b> </p> <hr /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox-subbox"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em;text-align:left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Justin_Trudeau" title="Justin Trudeau">Justin Trudeau</a>,<br /><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Canada" title="Prime Minister of Canada">Prime Minister</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em;text-align:left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Emmanuel_Macron" title="Emmanuel Macron">Emmanuel Macron</a>,<br /><a href="/wiki/President_of_France" title="President of France">President</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em;text-align:left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz">Olaf Scholz</a>,<br /><a href="/wiki/Chancellor_of_Germany" title="Chancellor of Germany">Chancellor</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em;text-align:left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Giorgia_Meloni" title="Giorgia Meloni">Giorgia Meloni</a>,<br /><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Italy" title="Prime Minister of Italy">Prime Minister</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em;text-align:left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Shigeru_Ishiba" title="Shigeru Ishiba">Shigeru Ishiba</a>,<br /><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Japan" title="Prime Minister of Japan">Prime Minister</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em;text-align:left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Keir_Starmer" title="Keir Starmer">Keir Starmer</a>,<br /><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Prime Minister of the United Kingdom">Prime Minister</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em;text-align:left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a>,<br /><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em;text-align:left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/23px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/35px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/45px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio_Costa" title="António Costa">António Costa</a>,<br /><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_European_Council" title="President of the European Council">Council President</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ursula_von_der_Leyen" title="Ursula von der Leyen">Ursula von der Leyen</a>,<br /><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_European_Commission" title="President of the European Commission">Commission President</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><hr /></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Formation</th><td class="infobox-data note"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>25 March 1973<span class="noprint"><br />(51 years ago)</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">25 March 1973</span>)</span></li><li>(Library Group)</li><li>15 November 1975<span class="noprint"><br />(49 years ago)</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">15 November 1975</span>)</span></li><li>(<a href="/wiki/1st_G6_summit" title="1st G6 summit">1st G6 summit</a>)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Founder</th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>Library Group:</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/George_Shultz" title="George Shultz">George Shultz</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/West_Germany" title="West Germany"><img alt="West Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Helmut_Schmidt" title="Helmut Schmidt">Helmut Schmidt</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/France" title="France"><img alt="France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Flag_of_France_%281976%E2%80%932020%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_France_%281976%E2%80%932020%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Flag_of_France_%281976%E2%80%932020%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_France_%281976%E2%80%932020%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Flag_of_France_%281976%E2%80%932020%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_France_%281976%E2%80%932020%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Val%C3%A9ry_Giscard_d%27Estaing" title="Valéry Giscard d'Estaing">Valéry Giscard d'Estaing</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom"><img alt="United Kingdom" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Anthony_Barber" title="Anthony Barber">Anthony Barber</a> </li></ul> </div> <div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>1st G6 summit:</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Gerald_Ford" title="Gerald Ford">Gerald Ford</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/France" title="France"><img alt="France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Flag_of_France_%281976%E2%80%932020%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_France_%281976%E2%80%932020%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Flag_of_France_%281976%E2%80%932020%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_France_%281976%E2%80%932020%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Flag_of_France_%281976%E2%80%932020%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_France_%281976%E2%80%932020%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Val%C3%A9ry_Giscard_d%27Estaing" title="Valéry Giscard d'Estaing">Valéry Giscard d'Estaing</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/West_Germany" title="West Germany"><img alt="West Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Helmut_Schmidt" title="Helmut Schmidt">Helmut Schmidt</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy"><img alt="Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Aldo_Moro" title="Aldo Moro">Aldo Moro</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan"><img alt="Japan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg/43px-Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="700" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Takeo_Miki" title="Takeo Miki">Takeo Miki</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom"><img alt="United Kingdom" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Harold_Wilson" title="Harold Wilson">Harold Wilson</a> </li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Founded at</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a> (Library Group)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rambouillet" title="Rambouillet">Rambouillet</a> (1st G6 summit)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Type</th><td class="infobox-data">Intergovernmental organisation</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Purpose</th><td class="infobox-data">Political and economic forum</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Formerly called</div></th><td class="infobox-data nickname"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Library Group</li><li>Group of Six (G6)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Group_of_Eight" class="mw-redirect" title="Group of Eight">Group of Eight</a> (G8) <a href="/wiki/Group_of_Eight#Russia's_participation_suspension_(2014)" class="mw-redirect" title="Group of Eight">(reversion)</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Group of Seven</b> (<b>G7</b>) is an <a href="/wiki/Intergovernmentalism" title="Intergovernmentalism">intergovernmental</a> political and economic forum consisting of <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a>, <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a>, <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a>, <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a>, the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> and the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>; additionally, the <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a> (EU) is a "non-enumerated member". It is organized around shared values of <a href="/wiki/Cultural_pluralism" title="Cultural pluralism">pluralism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Liberal_democracy" title="Liberal democracy">liberal democracy</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Representative_democracy" title="Representative democracy">representative government</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-What_is_the_G7_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-What_is_the_G7-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> G7 members are major <a href="/wiki/Developed_country#IMF_advanced_economies" title="Developed country">IMF advanced economies</a>. </p><p>Originating from an <i>ad hoc</i> gathering of <a href="/wiki/Finance_minister" class="mw-redirect" title="Finance minister">finance ministers</a> in 1973, the G7 has since become a formal, high-profile venue for discussing and coordinating solutions to major <a href="/wiki/List_of_global_issues" title="List of global issues">global issues</a>, especially in the areas of trade, security, economics, and <a href="/wiki/Climate_change" title="Climate change">climate change</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Each member's <a href="/wiki/Head_of_government" title="Head of government">head of government</a> or <a href="/wiki/Head_of_state" title="Head of state">state</a>, along with the EU's <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_European_Commission" title="President of the European Commission">Commission President</a> and <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_European_Council" title="President of the European Council">European Council President</a>, meet annually at the G7 Summit; other high-ranking officials of the G7 and the EU meet throughout the year. Representatives of other states and international organizations are often invited as guests, with <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> having been a formal member (as part of the <a href="/wiki/G8" title="G8">G8</a>) from 1997 until its expulsion in 2014. </p><p>The G7 is not based on a treaty and has no permanent secretariat or office. It is organized through a presidency that rotates annually among the member states, with the presiding state setting the group's priorities and hosting the summit; Canada presides for 2025.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While lacking a legal or institutional basis, the G7 is widely considered to wield significant international influence;<sup id="cite_ref-Shear_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Shear-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> it has catalyzed or spearheaded several major global initiatives, including efforts to combat the <a href="/wiki/HIV/AIDS_pandemic" class="mw-redirect" title="HIV/AIDS pandemic">HIV/AIDS pandemic</a>, provide financial aid to developing countries, and <a href="/wiki/Climate_change_mitigation" title="Climate change mitigation">address climate change</a> through the 2015 <a href="/wiki/Paris_Agreement" title="Paris Agreement">Paris Agreement</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Shear_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Shear-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-What_is_the_G7_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-What_is_the_G7-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the group has been criticized by observers for its allegedly outdated and limited membership, narrow global representation, and ineffectualness.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The rise of <a href="/wiki/BRICS" title="BRICS">BRICS+</a> for example, with its expanded membership and focus on <a href="/wiki/South%E2%80%93South_cooperation" title="South–South cooperation">South-South cooperation</a>, reflects a broader shift in global power dynamics, with <a href="/wiki/Emerging_market" title="Emerging market">emerging economies</a> gaining greater influence in <a href="/wiki/International_relations" title="International relations">international affairs</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The G7 countries have together a population of about 780 million people (or almost 10% of the <a href="/wiki/World_population" title="World population">world population</a>), comprise around 50% of worldwide nominal <a href="/wiki/Net_worth" title="Net worth">net wealth</a> and as of 2024 about 30% of world GDP (as by <a href="/wiki/Purchasing_power_parity" title="Purchasing power parity">purchasing power parity</a>) and more than 44% of nominal gross domestic product.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-b990_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-b990-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=G7&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Origins">Origins</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=G7&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Origins"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The concept of a forum for the capitalist world's major <a href="/wiki/Industrialized_countries" class="mw-redirect" title="Industrialized countries">industrialized countries</a> emerged before the <a href="/wiki/1973_oil_crisis" title="1973 oil crisis">1973 oil crisis</a>. On 25 March 1973, the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Treasury" title="United States Secretary of the Treasury">United States Secretary of the Treasury</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_Shultz" title="George Shultz">George Shultz</a>, convened an informal gathering of <a href="/wiki/Finance_ministers" class="mw-redirect" title="Finance ministers">finance ministers</a> from West Germany (<a href="/wiki/Helmut_Schmidt" title="Helmut Schmidt">Helmut Schmidt</a>), France (<a href="/wiki/Val%C3%A9ry_Giscard_d%27Estaing" title="Valéry Giscard d'Estaing">Valéry Giscard d'Estaing</a>), and the United Kingdom (<a href="/wiki/Anthony_Barber" title="Anthony Barber">Anthony Barber</a>) before an upcoming meeting in <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, DC</a>. United States President <a href="/wiki/Richard_M._Nixon" class="mw-redirect" title="Richard M. Nixon">Richard Nixon</a> offered <a href="/wiki/White_House" title="White House">the White House</a> as a venue, and the meeting was subsequently held in its <a href="/wiki/Library_(White_House)" class="mw-redirect" title="Library (White House)">library</a> on the ground floor;<sup id="cite_ref-Schultz_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schultz-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the original group of four consequently became known as the "Library Group".<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In mid-1973, at the Spring Meetings of the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank, Shultz proposed the addition of Japan, which all members accepted.<sup id="cite_ref-Schultz_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schultz-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The informal gathering of senior financial officials from the United States, United Kingdom, <a href="/wiki/West_Germany" title="West Germany">West Germany</a>, Japan, and France became known as the "Group of Five".<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1974, all five members endured sudden and often troubled changes in leadership. French President <a href="/wiki/Georges_Pompidou" title="Georges Pompidou">Georges Pompidou</a> abruptly died, leading to a <a href="/wiki/1974_French_presidential_election" title="1974 French presidential election">fresh presidential election</a> that was closely won by <a href="/wiki/Val%C3%A9ry_Giscard_d%27Estaing" title="Valéry Giscard d'Estaing">Valéry Giscard d'Estaing</a>. West German Chancellor <a href="/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt">Willy Brandt</a>, American President <a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Richard Nixon</a>, and Japanese Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Kakuei_Tanaka" title="Kakuei Tanaka">Kakuei Tanaka</a> all resigned due to scandals. In the United Kingdom, a <a href="/wiki/February_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="February 1974 United Kingdom general election">hung election</a> led to a minority government whose subsequent instability prompted <a href="/wiki/October_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="October 1974 United Kingdom general election">another election the same year</a>. Consequently, Nixon's successor, <a href="/wiki/Gerald_Ford" title="Gerald Ford">Gerald Ford</a>, proposed a retreat the following year for the group's new leaders to learn about one another. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="First_summit_and_expansion">First summit and expansion</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=G7&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: First summit and expansion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Photograph_of_President_Gerald_R._Ford_Meeting_with_Foreign_Heads_of_State_in_the_Salle_des_Marbres_in_the_Chateau_de_Rambouillet_at_the_International_Economic_Summit_Conference_in_Rambouillet,_France_-_NARA_-_7518995.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Photograph_of_President_Gerald_R._Ford_Meeting_with_Foreign_Heads_of_State_in_the_Salle_des_Marbres_in_the_Chateau_de_Rambouillet_at_the_International_Economic_Summit_Conference_in_Rambouillet%2C_France_-_NARA_-_7518995.jpg/220px-thumbnail.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Photograph_of_President_Gerald_R._Ford_Meeting_with_Foreign_Heads_of_State_in_the_Salle_des_Marbres_in_the_Chateau_de_Rambouillet_at_the_International_Economic_Summit_Conference_in_Rambouillet%2C_France_-_NARA_-_7518995.jpg/330px-thumbnail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Photograph_of_President_Gerald_R._Ford_Meeting_with_Foreign_Heads_of_State_in_the_Salle_des_Marbres_in_the_Chateau_de_Rambouillet_at_the_International_Economic_Summit_Conference_in_Rambouillet%2C_France_-_NARA_-_7518995.jpg/440px-thumbnail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4633" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/1st_G6_summit" title="1st G6 summit">First G6 summit</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau_de_Rambouillet" title="Château de Rambouillet">Château de Rambouillet</a> in November 1975</figcaption></figure> <p>At the initiative of <a href="/wiki/Val%C3%A9ry_Giscard_d%27Estaing" title="Valéry Giscard d'Estaing">Giscard d'Estaing</a> and his German counterpart, <a href="/wiki/Helmut_Schmidt" title="Helmut Schmidt">Helmut Schmidt</a>, France hosted <a href="/wiki/1st_G6_summit" title="1st G6 summit">a three-day summit in November 1975</a>, inviting the Group of Five plus Italy, forming the "Group of Six" (G6).<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Taking place at the <a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau_de_Rambouillet" title="Château de Rambouillet">Château de Rambouillet</a>, the meeting focused on several major economic issues, including the oil crisis, the collapse of the <a href="/wiki/Bretton_Woods_system" title="Bretton Woods system">Bretton Woods system</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/1973-1975_recession" class="mw-redirect" title="1973-1975 recession">ongoing global recession</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-evian_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-evian-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The result was the 15-point "Declaration of Rambouillet", which, among other positions, announced the group's united commitment to promoting free trade, multilateralism, cooperation with the developing world, and rapprochement with the Eastern Bloc.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The members also established plans for future gatherings to take place regularly every year. </p><p>In 1976, British Prime Minister Harold Wilson, who had participated in the first G6 summit, resigned from office; Schmidt and <a href="/wiki/Gerald_Ford" title="Gerald Ford">Ford</a> believed the group needed an English speaker with more political experience, and advocated for inviting <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Trudeau" title="Pierre Trudeau">Pierre Trudeau</a>, who had been Prime Minister of Canada for eight years – significantly longer than any G6 leader. Canada was also the next largest advanced economy after the G6 members.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The summit in Dorado, Puerto Rico later that year became the first of the current Group of Seven (G7).<sup id="cite_ref-evian_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-evian-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1977, the United Kingdom, which hosted that year's summit, invited the <a href="/wiki/European_Economic_Community" title="European Economic Community">European Economic Community</a> to join all G7 summits; beginning in 1981, it has attended every gathering through the <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_European_Commission" title="President of the European Commission">president of the European Commission</a> and the leader of the country holding the <a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_the_Council_of_the_European_Union" title="Presidency of the Council of the European Union">presidency of the Council of the European Union</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-deljpn20060717_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-deljpn20060717-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Since 2009, the then-newly established position of the <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_European_Council" title="President of the European Council">President of the European Council</a>, who serves as the Union's principal foreign representative, also regularly attends the summits. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rising_profile">Rising profile</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=G7&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Rising profile"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:G7_flags,_Toronto.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/G7_flags%2C_Toronto.jpg/220px-G7_flags%2C_Toronto.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="162" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/G7_flags%2C_Toronto.jpg/330px-G7_flags%2C_Toronto.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/G7_flags%2C_Toronto.jpg/440px-G7_flags%2C_Toronto.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2721" data-file-height="2005" /></a><figcaption>Flags of G7 members as seen on <a href="/wiki/University_Avenue_(Toronto)" title="University Avenue (Toronto)">University Avenue</a>, <a href="/wiki/Toronto" title="Toronto">Toronto</a> (September 2016)</figcaption></figure> <p>Until the 1985 <a href="/wiki/Plaza_Accord" title="Plaza Accord">Plaza Accord</a>, meetings between the seven governments' finance ministers were not public knowledge. The Accord, which involved only the original Group of Five, was announced the day before it was finalized, with a communiqué issued afterward.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 1980s also marked the G7's expanded concerns beyond macroeconomic issues, namely with respect to international security and conflict; for example, it sought to address the ongoing conflicts between Iran and Iraq and between the Soviet Union and Afghanistan. </p><p>Following <a href="/wiki/20th_G7_summit" title="20th G7 summit">the 1994 summit in Naples</a>, Russian officials held separate meetings with leaders of the G7. This informal arrangement was dubbed the "Political 8" (P8), colloquially the G7+1. At the invitation of the G7 leaders, Russian President <a href="/wiki/Boris_Yeltsin" title="Boris Yeltsin">Boris Yeltsin</a> was invited first as a guest observer, and later as a full participant. After the 1997 meeting, Russia was formally invited to the next meeting and formally joined the group in 1998, resulting in the <a href="/wiki/Group_of_Eight" class="mw-redirect" title="Group of Eight">Group of Eight</a> (G8).<sup id="cite_ref-evian_19-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-evian-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Russia was an outlier in the group, as it lacked the <a href="/wiki/National_wealth" class="mw-redirect" title="National wealth">national wealth</a> and financial weight of other members, and at the time was not an established liberal democracy.<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated1_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its invitation, made during a <a href="/wiki/Russian_economy" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian economy">difficult transition to a post-communist economy</a>, is believed to have been motivated by a desire to encourage its political and economic reforms and international engagement. </p><p>Russia's membership was suspended in March 2014 in response to its <a href="/wiki/Annexation_of_Crimea_by_the_Russian_Federation" title="Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation">annexation of Crimea</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-CNN.com2_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CNN.com2-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Members stopped short of permanently ejecting the country,<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and in subsequent years expressed an openness or express desire to reinstate Russian participation. In January 2017, Russia announced it would permanently leave the G8, which came into effect June 2018.<sup id="cite_ref-russia-suspension2_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-russia-suspension2-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2020, U.S. President <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a>, backed by Italian Prime Minister Giuseppe Conte, advocated for Russia's return; all other members rejected the proposal, and Russia expressed no interest.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Renewed_calls_for_expanded_membership">Renewed calls for expanded membership</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=G7&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Renewed calls for expanded membership"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There have been various proposals to expand the G7. The U.S.-based Atlantic Council has held the <a href="/wiki/D-10_Strategy_Forum" title="D-10 Strategy Forum">D-10 Strategy Forum</a> since 2014 with representatives from what it calls "leading democracies" which support a "rules-based democratic order", consisting of all members of the G7 (including the <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a>) plus <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a> and <a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">South Korea</a>. Several democratic countries – including <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a> –  participate as observers.<sup id="cite_ref-auto1_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto1-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Centered around a similar mandate as the G7, the D-10 has been considered by some analysts to be an alternative to the group;<sup id="cite_ref-:0_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This is also favored by various <a href="/wiki/Think_tank" title="Think tank">think tanks</a> and former <a href="/wiki/Boris_Johnson" title="Boris Johnson">British leader Boris Johnson</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-auto1_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto1-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2019 under <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin" title="Vladimir Putin">Putin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> had signaled support for the inclusion of <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a>, India, and <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a> if the G7 had reinstated Russian membership.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2020 under <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Trump</a>, the U.S. had signaled support for the inclusion of Australia, <a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</a>, India, and South Korea, plus the reincorporation of Russia.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The leaders of the other six G7 members unanimously rejected this proposal.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Also in November 2020, <a href="/wiki/Jared_Cohen" title="Jared Cohen">Jared Cohen</a> and <a href="/wiki/Richard_Fontaine" title="Richard Fontaine">Richard Fontaine</a>, writing in <i><a href="/wiki/Foreign_Affairs" title="Foreign Affairs">Foreign Affairs</a></i>, suggested that the G7 might be expanded to a "T-12" of "Techno Democracies". Earlier, in June of that same year, the <a href="/wiki/Global_Partnership_on_Artificial_Intelligence" title="Global Partnership on Artificial Intelligence">Global Partnership on Artificial Intelligence</a> (GPAI) was announced. Something of a spin-out of the G7, founded by members Canada and France, GPAI's initial membership was 15, including both the EU and India, as well as Australia, Mexico, New Zealand, Singapore, Slovenia, and the Republic of Korea.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Boris Johnson invited representatives of Australia and the Republic of Korea to the June 2021 G7 summit.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_34-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> India was also invited to the 2021 summit, with an aim to "deepen the expertise and experience around the table" along with the other guests, according to a U.K. government statement.<sup id="cite_ref-Ellyatt_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ellyatt-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2021, French jurist and consultant Eric Garner de Béville, a member of the <i>Cercle Montesquieu</i>, proposed Spain's membership to the G7.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> American Chargé d'Affaires in Spain, Conrad Tribble, stated that the United States "enthusiastically supports" a "greater" role of Spanish leadership at the international level.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In April 2022, Germany confirmed it would be inviting India,<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> against rumours to the contrary.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers"><span title="The text near this tag is dated. (January 2022)">needs update</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In March 2023, Japan's prime minister <a href="/wiki/Fumio_Kishida" title="Fumio Kishida">Fumio Kishida</a> invited South Korea, Australia, India, Indonesia, Brazil, Vietnam, the <a href="/wiki/Comoros" title="Comoros">Comoros</a> (<a href="/wiki/African_Union" title="African Union">African Union</a> president from February 2023 to February 2024), the <a href="/wiki/Cook_Islands" title="Cook Islands">Cook Islands</a> (<a href="/wiki/Pacific_Islands_Forum" title="Pacific Islands Forum">Pacific Islands Forum</a> president from February 2021 to May 2024) and <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a> to the <a href="/wiki/49th_G7_summit" title="49th G7 summit">49th summit</a> hosted in <a href="/wiki/Hiroshima" title="Hiroshima">Hiroshima</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Ron_Klain" title="Ron Klain">Ronald A. Klain</a> writing for the <a href="/wiki/Carnegie_Endowment_for_International_Peace" title="Carnegie Endowment for International Peace">Carnegie Endowment</a>, proposed creating the G9 by adding <a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">South Korea</a> and <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a> due to the Eurocentrism of the current alliance and rising challenges posed by China in Asia.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Activities_and_initiatives">Activities and initiatives</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=G7&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Activities and initiatives"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="locmap noviewer noresize thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:402px"><div style="position:relative;width:400px;border:1px solid lightgray"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Europe_blank_laea_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="G7 is located in Europe"><img alt="G7 is located in Europe" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Europe_blank_laea_location_map.svg/400px-Europe_blank_laea_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="400" height="342" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Europe_blank_laea_location_map.svg/600px-Europe_blank_laea_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Europe_blank_laea_location_map.svg/800px-Europe_blank_laea_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1401" data-file-height="1198" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:63.303%;left:24.014%;font-size:80%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="1st"><img alt="1st" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Arrows_12x12_e.svg/8px-Arrows_12x12_e.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Arrows_12x12_e.svg/12px-Arrows_12x12_e.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Arrows_12x12_e.svg/16px-Arrows_12x12_e.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="12" data-file-height="12" /></span></span></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:5px"><div><a href="/wiki/1st_G6_summit" title="1st G6 summit">1st</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:55.257%;left:21.965%;font-size:80%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="3rd, 10th, 17th"><img alt="3rd, 10th, 17th" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Arrows_12x12_e.svg/8px-Arrows_12x12_e.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Arrows_12x12_e.svg/12px-Arrows_12x12_e.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Arrows_12x12_e.svg/16px-Arrows_12x12_e.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="12" data-file-height="12" /></span></span></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:5px"><div><a href="/wiki/3rd_G7_summit" title="3rd G7 summit">3rd</a>, <a href="/wiki/10th_G7_summit" title="10th G7 summit">10th</a>, <a href="/wiki/17th_G7_summit" title="17th G7 summit">17th</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:58.397%;left:32.172%;font-size:80%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="4th, 11th"><img alt="4th, 11th" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Arrows_12x12_w.svg/8px-Arrows_12x12_w.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Arrows_12x12_w.svg/12px-Arrows_12x12_w.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Arrows_12x12_w.svg/16px-Arrows_12x12_w.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="12" data-file-height="12" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div><a href="/wiki/4th_G7_summit" title="4th G7 summit">4th</a>, <a href="/wiki/11th_G7_summit" title="11th G7 summit">11th</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:72.618%;left:40.124%;font-size:80%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="6th, 13th"><img alt="6th, 13th" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Arrows_12x12_w.svg/8px-Arrows_12x12_w.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Arrows_12x12_w.svg/12px-Arrows_12x12_w.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Arrows_12x12_w.svg/16px-Arrows_12x12_w.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="12" data-file-height="12" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div><a href="/wiki/6th_G7_summit" title="6th G7 summit">6th</a>, <a href="/wiki/13th_G7_summit" title="13th G7 summit">13th</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:62.93%;left:24.491%;font-size:80%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="8th"><img alt="8th" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Arrows_12x12_s.svg/8px-Arrows_12x12_s.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Arrows_12x12_s.svg/12px-Arrows_12x12_s.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Arrows_12x12_s.svg/16px-Arrows_12x12_s.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="12" data-file-height="12" /></span></span></div><div class="pv" style="width:6em;bottom:5px;left:-3em"><div><a href="/wiki/8th_G7_summit" title="8th G7 summit">8th</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:62.835%;left:24.852%;font-size:80%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="15th"><img alt="15th" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Arrows_12x12_w.svg/8px-Arrows_12x12_w.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Arrows_12x12_w.svg/12px-Arrows_12x12_w.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Arrows_12x12_w.svg/16px-Arrows_12x12_w.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="12" data-file-height="12" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div><a href="/wiki/15th_G7_summit" title="15th G7 summit">15th</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:65.439%;left:38.814%;font-size:80%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="18th"><img alt="18th" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Arrows_12x12_w.svg/8px-Arrows_12x12_w.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Arrows_12x12_w.svg/12px-Arrows_12x12_w.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Arrows_12x12_w.svg/16px-Arrows_12x12_w.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="12" data-file-height="12" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div><a href="/wiki/18th_G7_summit" title="18th G7 summit">18th</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:84.706%;left:43.833%;font-size:80%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="20th"><img alt="20th" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Arrows_12x12_w.svg/8px-Arrows_12x12_w.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Arrows_12x12_w.svg/12px-Arrows_12x12_w.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Arrows_12x12_w.svg/16px-Arrows_12x12_w.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="12" data-file-height="12" /></span></span></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:5px"><div><a href="/wiki/20th_G7_summit" title="20th G7 summit">20th</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:71.484%;left:28.11%;font-size:80%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="22nd"><img alt="22nd" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Arrows_12x12_e.svg/8px-Arrows_12x12_e.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Arrows_12x12_e.svg/12px-Arrows_12x12_e.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Arrows_12x12_e.svg/16px-Arrows_12x12_e.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="12" data-file-height="12" /></span></span></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:5px"><div><a href="/wiki/22nd_G7_summit" title="22nd G7 summit">22nd</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:52.219%;left:19.846%;font-size:80%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="24th"><img alt="24th" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Arrows_12x12_w.svg/8px-Arrows_12x12_w.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Arrows_12x12_w.svg/12px-Arrows_12x12_w.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Arrows_12x12_w.svg/16px-Arrows_12x12_w.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="12" data-file-height="12" /></span></span></div><div class="pv" style="width:6em;bottom:5px;left:-3em"><div><a href="/wiki/24th_G8_summit" title="24th G8 summit">24th</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:57.851%;left:31.99%;font-size:80%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="25th"><img alt="25th" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Arrows_12x12_s.svg/8px-Arrows_12x12_s.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Arrows_12x12_s.svg/12px-Arrows_12x12_s.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Arrows_12x12_s.svg/16px-Arrows_12x12_s.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="12" data-file-height="12" /></span></span></div><div class="pv" style="width:6em;bottom:5px;left:-3em"><div><a href="/wiki/25th_G8_summit" title="25th G8 summit">25th</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:75.441%;left:34.655%;font-size:80%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="27th"><img alt="27th" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Arrows_12x12_e.svg/8px-Arrows_12x12_e.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Arrows_12x12_e.svg/12px-Arrows_12x12_e.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Arrows_12x12_e.svg/16px-Arrows_12x12_e.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="12" data-file-height="12" /></span></span></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:5px"><div><a href="/wiki/27th_G8_summit" title="27th G8 summit">27th</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:69.969%;left:30.985%;font-size:80%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="29th"><img alt="29th" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Arrows_12x12_w.svg/8px-Arrows_12x12_w.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Arrows_12x12_w.svg/12px-Arrows_12x12_w.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Arrows_12x12_w.svg/16px-Arrows_12x12_w.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="12" data-file-height="12" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div><a href="/wiki/29th_G8_summit" title="29th G8 summit">29th</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:41.732%;left:18.994%;font-size:80%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="31st"><img alt="31st" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Arrows_12x12_w.svg/8px-Arrows_12x12_w.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Arrows_12x12_w.svg/12px-Arrows_12x12_w.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Arrows_12x12_w.svg/16px-Arrows_12x12_w.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="12" data-file-height="12" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div><a href="/wiki/31st_G8_summit" title="31st G8 summit">31st</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:30.257%;left:59.215%;font-size:80%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="32nd"><img alt="32nd" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Arrows_12x12_w.svg/8px-Arrows_12x12_w.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Arrows_12x12_w.svg/12px-Arrows_12x12_w.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Arrows_12x12_w.svg/16px-Arrows_12x12_w.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="12" data-file-height="12" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div><a href="/wiki/32nd_G8_summit" title="32nd G8 summit">32nd</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:49.334%;left:38.863%;font-size:80%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="33rd"><img alt="33rd" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Arrows_12x12_n.svg/8px-Arrows_12x12_n.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Arrows_12x12_n.svg/12px-Arrows_12x12_n.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Arrows_12x12_n.svg/16px-Arrows_12x12_n.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="12" data-file-height="12" /></span></span></div><div class="pv" style="width:6em;top:5px;left:-3em"><div><a href="/wiki/33rd_G8_summit" title="33rd G8 summit">33rd</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:80.799%;left:42.176%;font-size:80%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="35th"><img alt="35th" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Arrows_12x12_e.svg/8px-Arrows_12x12_e.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Arrows_12x12_e.svg/12px-Arrows_12x12_e.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Arrows_12x12_e.svg/16px-Arrows_12x12_e.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="12" data-file-height="12" /></span></span></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:5px"><div><a href="/wiki/35th_G8_summit" title="35th G8 summit">35th</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:61.032%;left:21.589%;font-size:80%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="37th"><img alt="37th" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Arrows_12x12_e.svg/8px-Arrows_12x12_e.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Arrows_12x12_e.svg/12px-Arrows_12x12_e.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Arrows_12x12_e.svg/16px-Arrows_12x12_e.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="12" data-file-height="12" /></span></span></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:5px"><div><a href="/wiki/37th_G8_summit" title="37th G8 summit">37th</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:45.055%;left:12.918%;font-size:80%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="39th"><img alt="39th" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Arrows_12x12_n.svg/8px-Arrows_12x12_n.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Arrows_12x12_n.svg/12px-Arrows_12x12_n.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Arrows_12x12_n.svg/16px-Arrows_12x12_n.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="12" data-file-height="12" /></span></span></div><div class="pv" style="width:6em;top:5px;left:-3em"><div><a href="/wiki/39th_G8_summit" title="39th G8 summit">39th</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:57.822%;left:28.208%;font-size:80%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="40th"><img alt="40th" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Arrows_12x12_e.svg/8px-Arrows_12x12_e.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Arrows_12x12_e.svg/12px-Arrows_12x12_e.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Arrows_12x12_e.svg/16px-Arrows_12x12_e.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="12" data-file-height="12" /></span></span></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:5px"><div><a href="/wiki/40th_G7_summit" title="40th G7 summit">40th</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:67.262%;left:38.222%;font-size:80%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="41st, 48th"><img alt="41st, 48th" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Arrows_12x12_e.svg/8px-Arrows_12x12_e.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Arrows_12x12_e.svg/12px-Arrows_12x12_e.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Arrows_12x12_e.svg/16px-Arrows_12x12_e.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="12" data-file-height="12" /></span></span></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:5px"><div><a href="/wiki/41st_G7_summit" title="41st G7 summit">41st</a>, <a href="/wiki/48th_G7_summit" title="48th G7 summit">48th</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:92.553%;left:46.049%;font-size:80%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="43rd'"><img alt="43rd'" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Arrows_12x12_e.svg/8px-Arrows_12x12_e.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Arrows_12x12_e.svg/12px-Arrows_12x12_e.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Arrows_12x12_e.svg/16px-Arrows_12x12_e.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="12" data-file-height="12" /></span></span></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:5px"><div><a href="/wiki/43rd_G7_summit" title="43rd G7 summit">43rd</a>'</div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:76.189%;left:17.165%;font-size:80%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="45th"><img alt="45th" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Arrows_12x12_e.svg/8px-Arrows_12x12_e.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Arrows_12x12_e.svg/12px-Arrows_12x12_e.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Arrows_12x12_e.svg/16px-Arrows_12x12_e.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="12" data-file-height="12" /></span></span></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:5px"><div><a href="/wiki/45th_G7_summit" title="45th G7 summit">45th</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:57.146%;left:13.844%;font-size:80%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="47th"><img alt="47th" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Arrows_12x12_e.svg/8px-Arrows_12x12_e.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Arrows_12x12_e.svg/12px-Arrows_12x12_e.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Arrows_12x12_e.svg/16px-Arrows_12x12_e.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="12" data-file-height="12" /></span></span></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:5px"><div><a href="/wiki/47th_G7_summit" title="47th G7 summit">47th</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:84.429%;left:48.773%;font-size:80%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="50th"><img alt="50th" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Arrows_12x12_e.svg/8px-Arrows_12x12_e.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Arrows_12x12_e.svg/12px-Arrows_12x12_e.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Arrows_12x12_e.svg/16px-Arrows_12x12_e.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="12" data-file-height="12" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div><a href="/wiki/50th_G7_summit" title="50th G7 summit">50th</a></div></div></div></div><div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:Europe_blank_laea_location_map.svg" title="File:Europe blank laea location map.svg">class=notpageimage| </a></div>Host venues of G7 summits in Europe</div></div></div> <p>The G7 was founded primarily to facilitate shared macroeconomic initiatives in response to contemporary economic problems; the first gathering was centered around the <a href="/wiki/Nixon_shock" title="Nixon shock">Nixon shock</a>, the <a href="/wiki/1970s_energy_crisis" title="1970s energy crisis">1970s energy crisis</a>, and the ensuing global recession.<sup id="cite_ref-Bayne_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bayne-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Since 1975, the group has met annually at summits organized and hosted by whichever country occupies the annually-rotating presidency;<sup id="cite_ref-g7germany.de_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-g7germany.de-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> since 1987, the G7 Finance Ministers have met at least semi-annually, and up to four times a year at stand-alone meetings.<sup id="cite_ref-meet_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-meet-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Beginning in the 1980s, the G7 broadened its areas of concern to include issues of international security, human rights, and global security; for example, during this period, the G7 concerned itself with the ongoing <a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93Iraq_War" title="Iran–Iraq War">Iran-Iraq War</a> and <a href="/wiki/Soviet%E2%80%93Afghan_War" title="Soviet–Afghan War">Soviet occupation of Afghanistan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-g7germany.de_54-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-g7germany.de-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the 1990s, it launched a debt-relief program for the 42 <a href="/wiki/Heavily_indebted_poor_countries" title="Heavily indebted poor countries">heavily indebted poor countries</a> (HIPC);<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> provided $300 million to help build the <a href="/wiki/Chernobyl_Nuclear_Power_Plant_sarcophagus" title="Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant sarcophagus">Shelter Structure</a> over <a href="/wiki/Chernobyl_disaster" title="Chernobyl disaster">the damaged reactor at Chernobyl</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and established the <a href="/wiki/Financial_Stability_Forum" title="Financial Stability Forum">Financial Stability Forum</a> to help in "managing the international monetary system".<sup id="cite_ref-Van_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Van-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238443738"><div class="locmap noviewer noresize thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:402px"><div style="position:relative;width:400px;border:1px solid lightgray"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:North_America_laea_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="G7 is located in North America"><img alt="G7 is located in North America" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/North_America_laea_location_map.svg/400px-North_America_laea_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="400" height="402" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/North_America_laea_location_map.svg/600px-North_America_laea_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/North_America_laea_location_map.svg/800px-North_America_laea_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="514" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:76.988%;left:88.897%;font-size:80%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="2nd"><img alt="2nd" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Arrows_12x12_e.svg/8px-Arrows_12x12_e.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Arrows_12x12_e.svg/12px-Arrows_12x12_e.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Arrows_12x12_e.svg/16px-Arrows_12x12_e.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="12" data-file-height="12" /></span></span></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:5px"><div><a href="/wiki/2nd_G7_summit" title="2nd G7 summit">2nd</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:48.865%;left:70.782%;font-size:80%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="7th"><img alt="7th" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Arrows_12x12_w.svg/8px-Arrows_12x12_w.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Arrows_12x12_w.svg/12px-Arrows_12x12_w.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Arrows_12x12_w.svg/16px-Arrows_12x12_w.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="12" data-file-height="12" /></span></span></div><div class="pv" style="width:6em;bottom:5px;left:-3em"><div><a href="/wiki/7th_G7_summit" title="7th G7 summit">7th</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:59.088%;left:72.171%;font-size:80%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="9th"><img alt="9th" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Arrows_12x12_e.svg/8px-Arrows_12x12_e.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Arrows_12x12_e.svg/12px-Arrows_12x12_e.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Arrows_12x12_e.svg/16px-Arrows_12x12_e.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="12" data-file-height="12" /></span></span></div><div class="pv" style="width:6em;top:5px;left:-3em"><div><a href="/wiki/9th_G7_summit" title="9th G7 summit">9th</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:52.29%;left:67.831%;font-size:80%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="14th"><img alt="14th" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Arrows_12x12_w.svg/8px-Arrows_12x12_w.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Arrows_12x12_w.svg/12px-Arrows_12x12_w.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Arrows_12x12_w.svg/16px-Arrows_12x12_w.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="12" data-file-height="12" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div><a href="/wiki/14th_G7_summit" title="14th G7 summit">14th</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:71.136%;left:54.925%;font-size:80%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="16th"><img alt="16th" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Arrows_12x12_e.svg/8px-Arrows_12x12_e.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Arrows_12x12_e.svg/12px-Arrows_12x12_e.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Arrows_12x12_e.svg/16px-Arrows_12x12_e.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="12" data-file-height="12" /></span></span></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:5px"><div><a href="/wiki/16th_G7_summit" title="16th G7 summit">16th</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:46.273%;left:80.038%;font-size:80%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="21st"><img alt="21st" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Arrows_12x12_w.svg/8px-Arrows_12x12_w.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Arrows_12x12_w.svg/12px-Arrows_12x12_w.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Arrows_12x12_w.svg/16px-Arrows_12x12_w.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="12" data-file-height="12" /></span></span></div><div class="pv" style="width:6em;bottom:5px;left:-3em"><div><a href="/wiki/21st_G7_summit" title="21st G7 summit">21st</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:59.192%;left:45.345%;font-size:80%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="23rd"><img alt="23rd" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Arrows_12x12_w.svg/8px-Arrows_12x12_w.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Arrows_12x12_w.svg/12px-Arrows_12x12_w.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Arrows_12x12_w.svg/16px-Arrows_12x12_w.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="12" data-file-height="12" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div><a href="/wiki/23rd_G8_summit" title="23rd G8 summit">23rd</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:44.568%;left:38.571%;font-size:80%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="28th, 51st"><img alt="28th, 51st" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Arrows_12x12_w.svg/8px-Arrows_12x12_w.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Arrows_12x12_w.svg/12px-Arrows_12x12_w.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Arrows_12x12_w.svg/16px-Arrows_12x12_w.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="12" data-file-height="12" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div><a href="/wiki/28th_G8_summit" title="28th G8 summit">28th</a>, <a href="/wiki/51st_G7_summit" title="51st G7 summit">51st</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:67.378%;left:69.345%;font-size:80%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="30th"><img alt="30th" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Arrows_12x12_e.svg/8px-Arrows_12x12_e.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Arrows_12x12_e.svg/12px-Arrows_12x12_e.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Arrows_12x12_e.svg/16px-Arrows_12x12_e.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="12" data-file-height="12" /></span></span></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:5px"><div><a href="/wiki/30th_G8_summit" title="30th G8 summit">30th</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:50.291%;left:67.451%;font-size:80%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="36th"><img alt="36th" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Arrows_12x12_e.svg/8px-Arrows_12x12_e.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Arrows_12x12_e.svg/12px-Arrows_12x12_e.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Arrows_12x12_e.svg/16px-Arrows_12x12_e.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="12" data-file-height="12" /></span></span></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:5px"><div><a href="/wiki/36th_G8_summit" title="36th G8 summit">36th</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:56.515%;left:70.734%;font-size:80%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="38th"><img alt="38th" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Arrows_12x12_e.svg/8px-Arrows_12x12_e.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Arrows_12x12_e.svg/12px-Arrows_12x12_e.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Arrows_12x12_e.svg/16px-Arrows_12x12_e.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="12" data-file-height="12" /></span></span></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:5px"><div><a href="/wiki/38th_G8_summit" title="38th G8 summit">38th</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:45.198%;left:73.625%;font-size:80%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="44th"><img alt="44th" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Arrows_12x12_e.svg/8px-Arrows_12x12_e.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Arrows_12x12_e.svg/12px-Arrows_12x12_e.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Arrows_12x12_e.svg/16px-Arrows_12x12_e.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="12" data-file-height="12" /></span></span></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:5px"><div><a href="/wiki/44th_G7_summit" title="44th G7 summit">44th</a></div></div></div></div><div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:North_America_laea_location_map.svg" title="File:North America laea location map.svg">class=notpageimage| </a></div>Host venues of G7 summits in North America</div></div></div> <p>At the turn of the 21st century, the G7 began emphasizing engagement with the developing world. At the 1999 summit, the group helped launch the <a href="/wiki/G20" title="G20">G20</a>, a similar forum made up of the G7 and the next 13 largest economies (including the European Union), in order to "promote dialogue between major industrial and emerging market countries";<sup id="cite_ref-Van_58-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Van-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the G20 has been touted by some of its members as a replacement for the G7.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Having previously announced a plan to cancel 90% of bilateral debt for the HIPC, totaling $100 billion, in 2005 the G7 announced debt reductions of "up to 100%" to be negotiated on a "case by case" basis.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Following the <a href="/wiki/Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%932008" class="mw-redirect" title="Financial crisis of 2007–2008">global financial crisis of 2007–2008</a>, which was the worst of its kind since the 1970s,<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the G7 met twice in Washington, D.C. in 2008 and in Rome, the following February.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> News media reported that much of the world was looking to the group for leadership and solutions.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> G7 finance ministers pledged to take "all necessary steps" to stem the crisis,<sup id="cite_ref-O'Grady_65-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-O'Grady-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> devising an "aggressive action plan" that included providing publicly funded capital infusions to banks in danger of failing.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some analysts criticized the group for seemingly advocating that individual governments develop individual responses to the recession, rather than cohere around a united effort.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238443738"><div class="locmap noviewer noresize thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:402px"><div style="position:relative;width:400px;border:1px solid lightgray"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Japan_location_map_with_side_map_of_the_Ryukyu_Islands.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="G7 is located in Japan"><img alt="G7 is located in Japan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Japan_location_map_with_side_map_of_the_Ryukyu_Islands.svg/400px-Japan_location_map_with_side_map_of_the_Ryukyu_Islands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="400" height="361" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Japan_location_map_with_side_map_of_the_Ryukyu_Islands.svg/600px-Japan_location_map_with_side_map_of_the_Ryukyu_Islands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Japan_location_map_with_side_map_of_the_Ryukyu_Islands.svg/800px-Japan_location_map_with_side_map_of_the_Ryukyu_Islands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="413" data-file-height="373" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:64.208%;left:54.454%;font-size:80%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="5th, 12th, 19th"><img alt="5th, 12th, 19th" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Arrows_12x12_e.svg/8px-Arrows_12x12_e.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Arrows_12x12_e.svg/12px-Arrows_12x12_e.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Arrows_12x12_e.svg/16px-Arrows_12x12_e.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="12" data-file-height="12" /></span></span></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:5px"><div><a href="/wiki/5th_G7_summit" title="5th G7 summit">5th</a>, <a href="/wiki/12th_G7_summit" title="12th G7 summit">12th</a>, <a href="/wiki/19th_G7_summit" title="19th G7 summit">19th</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:81.797%;left:83.519%;font-size:80%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="26th"><img alt="26th" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Arrows_12x12_w.svg/8px-Arrows_12x12_w.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Arrows_12x12_w.svg/12px-Arrows_12x12_w.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Arrows_12x12_w.svg/16px-Arrows_12x12_w.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="12" data-file-height="12" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div><a href="/wiki/26th_G8_summit" title="26th G8 summit">26th</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:20.888%;left:59.553%;font-size:80%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="34th"><img alt="34th" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Arrows_12x12_w.svg/8px-Arrows_12x12_w.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Arrows_12x12_w.svg/12px-Arrows_12x12_w.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Arrows_12x12_w.svg/16px-Arrows_12x12_w.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="12" data-file-height="12" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div><a href="/wiki/34th_G8_summit" title="34th G8 summit">34th</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:72.802%;left:40.845%;font-size:80%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="42nd"><img alt="42nd" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Arrows_12x12_w.svg/8px-Arrows_12x12_w.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Arrows_12x12_w.svg/12px-Arrows_12x12_w.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Arrows_12x12_w.svg/16px-Arrows_12x12_w.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="12" data-file-height="12" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div><a href="/wiki/42nd_G7_summit" title="42nd G7 summit">42nd</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:72.403%;left:20.028%;font-size:80%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="49th"><img alt="49th" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Arrows_12x12_w.svg/8px-Arrows_12x12_w.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Arrows_12x12_w.svg/12px-Arrows_12x12_w.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Arrows_12x12_w.svg/16px-Arrows_12x12_w.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="12" data-file-height="12" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div><a href="/wiki/49th_G7_summit" title="49th G7 summit">49th</a></div></div></div></div><div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:Japan_location_map_with_side_map_of_the_Ryukyu_Islands.svg" title="File:Japan location map with side map of the Ryukyu Islands.svg">class=notpageimage| </a></div>Host venues of G7 summits in Japan</div></div></div> <p>In subsequent years, the G7 has faced several geopolitical challenges that have led some international analysts to question its credibility,<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or propose its replacement by the G20.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 2 March 2014, the G7 condemned the Russian Federation for its "violation of the sovereignty and territorial integrity of Ukraine" through <a href="/wiki/Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="Russo-Ukrainian War">its military intervention.</a><sup id="cite_ref-toro_70-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-toro-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The group also announced its commitment to "mobilize rapid technical assistance to support Ukraine in addressing its macroeconomic, regulatory and anti-corruption challenges", while adding that the <a href="/wiki/International_Monetary_Fund" title="International Monetary Fund">International Monetary Fund</a> (IMF) was best suited to stabilizing the country's finances and economy.<sup id="cite_ref-toro_70-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-toro-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In response to Russia's subsequent <a href="/wiki/Annexation_of_Crimea_by_the_Russian_Federation" title="Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation">annexation</a> of <a href="/wiki/Crimea" title="Crimea">Crimea</a>, on 24 March the G7 convened an emergency meeting at the official residence of the <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_Netherlands" title="Prime Minister of the Netherlands">Prime Minister of the Netherlands</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Catshuis" title="Catshuis">Catshuis</a> in <a href="/wiki/The_Hague" title="The Hague">The Hague</a>; this location was chosen because all G7 leaders were already present to attend the <a href="/wiki/2014_Nuclear_Security_Summit" title="2014 Nuclear Security Summit">2014 Nuclear Security Summit</a> hosted by the Netherlands. This was the first G7 meeting neither taking place in a member state nor having the host leader participating in the meeting.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The upcoming G8 summit in <a href="/wiki/Sochi" title="Sochi">Sochi, Russia</a> was moved to Brussels, where the EU was the host. On 5 June 2014 the G7 condemned Moscow for its "continuing violation" of Ukraine's sovereignty and stated they were prepared to impose further sanctions on Russia.<sup id="cite_ref-bbc201406_72-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bbc201406-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This meeting was the first since Russia was suspended from the G8,<sup id="cite_ref-bbc201406_72-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bbc201406-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and subsequently it has not been involved in any G7 summit. </p><p>The G7 has continued to take a strong stance against Russia's "destabilising behaviour and malign activities" in Ukraine and elsewhere around the world, following the joint communique from the June 2021 summit in the U.K.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_73-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The group also called on Russia to address international cybercrime attacks launched from within its borders, and to investigate the use of chemical weapons on Russian opposition leader <a href="/wiki/Alexei_Navalny" title="Alexei Navalny">Alexei Navalny</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_73-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The June 2021 summit also saw the G7 commit to helping the world recover from the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">global COVID-19 pandemic</a> (including plans to help vaccinate the entire world); encourage further action against climate change and biodiversity loss; and promote "shared values" of pluralism and democracy.<sup id="cite_ref-Ellyatt_40-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ellyatt-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2022, G7 leaders were invited to attend an <a href="/wiki/2022_Brussels_extraordinary_summit" class="mw-redirect" title="2022 Brussels extraordinary summit">extraordinary summit of NATO</a> called in response to the <a href="/wiki/2022_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine">2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In April 2024, the G7 countries agreed to close all coal power plants in 2030-2035 unless their greenhouse gases will be captured or the countries will find another way to align their emissions with the 1.5 degree pathway.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2019_Amazon_rainforest_fires_and_Brazil">2019 Amazon rainforest fires and Brazil</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=G7&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: 2019 Amazon rainforest fires and Brazil"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/45th_G7_summit" title="45th G7 summit">45th G7 summit</a> and <a href="/wiki/2019_Brazil_wildfires" class="mw-redirect" title="2019 Brazil wildfires">2019 Brazil wildfires</a></div> <p>The G7 nations pledged US$20 million to help Brazil and other countries in South America fight the wildfires. This money was welcomed, although it was widely seen as a "relatively small amount" given the scale of the problem. Macron threatened to block a major trade deal between the European Union and Brazil (<a href="/wiki/Mercosur" title="Mercosur">Mercosur</a>) that would benefit the agricultural interests accused of driving deforestation. Soon after, Germany and the United Kingdom criticized the threat.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Summit_organization">Summit organization</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=G7&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Summit organization"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The annual G7 summit is attended by each member's head of government.<sup id="cite_ref-feldman1_79-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-feldman1-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The member country holding the G7 presidency is responsible for organizing and hosting the year's summit. The serial annual summits can be parsed chronologically in arguably distinct ways, including as the sequence of host countries for the summits has recurred over time and series.<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Generally every country hosts the summit once every seven years.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Besides a main meeting in June or July, a number of other meetings may take place throughout the year; in 2021 for example, seven tracks existed for finance (4–5 June 2021), environmental (20 and 21 May 2021), health (3–4 June 2021), trade (27–28 May 2021), interior (7–9 September 2021) digital and technology (28–29 April 2021), development (3–5 May 2021) and foreign ministers.<sup id="cite_ref-ministers_82-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ministers-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Friction_with_the_United_States">Friction with the United States</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=G7&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Friction with the United States"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="Russo-Ukrainian War">Russo-Ukrainian War</a></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/44th_G7_summit" title="44th G7 summit">2018 meeting in Charlevoix, Canada</a>, was marred by fractious negotiations concerning tariffs and Donald Trump's position that Russia should be reinstated to the G7. The Trump administration had just imposed steel and aluminium tariffs on many countries, including European countries that are fellow members of the G7, and Canada, the host country for the 2018 meeting. Trump expressed dismay at Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau for holding a press conference in which Canada restated its position on tariffs (a public criticism of Trump's economic policy), and directed his representatives at the meeting not to sign the economic section of the joint communiqué that is typically issued at the conclusion of the meeting. German Chancellor Angela Merkel described Trump's behaviour as a "depressing withdrawal", while French President Emmanuel Macron invited him "to be serious".<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the final statement signed by all members except the US, the G7 announced its intention to recall sanctions and to be ready to take further restrictive measures within the next months against the Russian Federation for its failure to completely implement the <a href="/wiki/Minsk_Agreement" class="mw-redirect" title="Minsk Agreement">Minsk Agreement</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_84-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="List_of_summits">List of summits</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=G7&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: List of summits"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <caption>Overview of G7 summits </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col"># </th> <th scope="col" style="width:10%">Date </th> <th scope="col" style="width:15%">Host </th> <th scope="col" style="width:10%">Host leader </th> <th scope="col" style="width:15%">Location held </th> <th scope="col">Notes </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="6">As the G6 </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1st_G6_summit" title="1st G6 summit">1st</a></td> <td data-sort-value="1975">15–17 November 1975</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Flag_of_France_%281976%E2%80%932020%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_France_%281976%E2%80%932020%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Flag_of_France_%281976%E2%80%932020%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_France_%281976%E2%80%932020%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Flag_of_France_%281976%E2%80%932020%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_France_%281976%E2%80%932020%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Val%C3%A9ry_Giscard_d%27Estaing" title="Valéry Giscard d'Estaing">Valéry Giscard d'Estaing</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau_de_Rambouillet" title="Château de Rambouillet">Château de Rambouillet</a>, Yvelines</td> <td>The first and last G6 summit. </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="6">As the G7 </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/2nd_G7_summit" title="2nd G7 summit">2nd</a></td> <td data-sort-value="1976">27–28 June 1976</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gerald_R._Ford" class="mw-redirect" title="Gerald R. Ford">Gerald R. Ford</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dorado,_Puerto_Rico" title="Dorado, Puerto Rico">Dorado, Puerto Rico</a><sup id="cite_ref-shabecoff_85-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-shabecoff-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>Also called "Rambouillet II". Canada joined the group, forming the G7.<sup id="cite_ref-shabecoff_85-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-shabecoff-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/3rd_G7_summit" title="3rd G7 summit">3rd</a></td> <td data-sort-value="1977">7–8 May 1977</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/James_Callaghan" title="James Callaghan">James Callaghan</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>, England</td> <td>The <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_European_Commission" title="President of the European Commission">President of the European Commission</a> was invited to <a href="/wiki/European_Union_and_the_G8" class="mw-redirect" title="European Union and the G8">join the annual G7 summits</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/4th_G7_summit" title="4th G7 summit">4th</a></td> <td data-sort-value="1978">16–17 July 1978</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/West_Germany" title="West Germany">West Germany</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Helmut_Schmidt" title="Helmut Schmidt">Helmut Schmidt</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bonn" title="Bonn">Bonn</a>, <a href="/wiki/North_Rhine-Westphalia" title="North Rhine-Westphalia">North Rhine-Westphalia</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/5th_G7_summit" title="5th G7 summit">5th</a></td> <td data-sort-value="1979">28–29 June 1979</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg/43px-Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Masayoshi_%C5%8Chira" title="Masayoshi Ōhira">Masayoshi Ōhira</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tokyo" title="Tokyo">Tokyo</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/6th_G7_summit" title="6th G7 summit">6th</a></td> <td data-sort-value="1980">22–23 June 1980</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Francesco_Cossiga" title="Francesco Cossiga">Francesco Cossiga</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Venice" title="Venice">Venice</a>, Veneto</td> <td>Prime Minister Ōhira died in office on 12 June; Foreign Minister Saburō Ōkita led the delegation that represented Japan. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/7th_G7_summit" title="7th G7 summit">7th</a></td> <td data-sort-value="1981">20–21 July 1981</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pierre_E._Trudeau" class="mw-redirect" title="Pierre E. Trudeau">Pierre E. Trudeau</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Montebello,_Quebec" title="Montebello, Quebec">Montebello</a>, <a href="/wiki/Qu%C3%A9bec" class="mw-redirect" title="Québec">Québec</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/8th_G7_summit" title="8th G7 summit">8th</a></td> <td data-sort-value="1982">4–6 June 1982</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Flag_of_France_%281976%E2%80%932020%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_France_%281976%E2%80%932020%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Flag_of_France_%281976%E2%80%932020%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_France_%281976%E2%80%932020%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Flag_of_France_%281976%E2%80%932020%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_France_%281976%E2%80%932020%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Mitterrand" title="François Mitterrand">François Mitterrand</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Versailles_(city)" class="mw-redirect" title="Versailles (city)">Versailles</a>, Yvelines</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/9th_G7_summit" title="9th G7 summit">9th</a></td> <td data-sort-value="1983">28–30 May 1983</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Williamsburg,_Virginia" title="Williamsburg, Virginia">Williamsburg, Virginia</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/10th_G7_summit" title="10th G7 summit">10th</a></td> <td data-sort-value="1984">7–9 June 1984</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Thatcher" title="Margaret Thatcher">Margaret Thatcher</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>, England</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/11th_G7_summit" title="11th G7 summit">11th</a></td> <td data-sort-value="1985">2–4 May 1985</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/West_Germany" title="West Germany">West Germany</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Helmut_Kohl" title="Helmut Kohl">Helmut Kohl</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bonn" title="Bonn">Bonn</a>, <a href="/wiki/North_Rhine-Westphalia" title="North Rhine-Westphalia">North Rhine-Westphalia</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/12th_G7_summit" title="12th G7 summit">12th</a></td> <td data-sort-value="1986">4–6 May 1986</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg/43px-Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Yasuhiro_Nakasone" title="Yasuhiro Nakasone">Yasuhiro Nakasone</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tokyo" title="Tokyo">Tokyo</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/13th_G7_summit" title="13th G7 summit">13th</a></td> <td data-sort-value="1987-06-15">8–10 June 1987</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Amintore_Fanfani" title="Amintore Fanfani">Amintore Fanfani</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Venice" title="Venice">Venice</a>, Veneto</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/14th_G7_summit" title="14th G7 summit">14th</a></td> <td data-sort-value="1988">19–21 June 1988</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Brian_Mulroney" title="Brian Mulroney">Brian Mulroney</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Toronto" title="Toronto">Toronto</a>, Ontario</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/15th_G7_summit" title="15th G7 summit">15th</a></td> <td data-sort-value="1989">14–16 July 1989</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Flag_of_France_%281976%E2%80%932020%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_France_%281976%E2%80%932020%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Flag_of_France_%281976%E2%80%932020%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_France_%281976%E2%80%932020%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Flag_of_France_%281976%E2%80%932020%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_France_%281976%E2%80%932020%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Mitterrand" title="François Mitterrand">François Mitterrand</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a>, Paris</td> <td>The <a href="/wiki/Financial_Action_Task_Force" title="Financial Action Task Force">Financial Action Task Force</a> (FATF) was formed. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/16th_G7_summit" title="16th G7 summit">16th</a></td> <td data-sort-value="1990">9–11 July 1990</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">George H. W. Bush</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Houston" title="Houston">Houston</a>, Texas</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/17th_G7_summit" title="17th G7 summit">17th</a></td> <td data-sort-value="1991">15–17 July 1991</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Major" title="John Major">John Major</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>, England</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/18th_G7_summit" title="18th G7 summit">18th</a></td> <td data-sort-value="1992">6–8 July 1992</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Helmut_Kohl" title="Helmut Kohl">Helmut Kohl</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Munich" title="Munich">Munich</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bavaria" title="Bavaria">Bavaria</a></td> <td>The first G7 summit in <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">reunified Germany</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/19th_G7_summit" title="19th G7 summit">19th</a></td> <td data-sort-value="1993">7–9 July 1993</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg/43px-Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kiichi_Miyazawa" title="Kiichi Miyazawa">Kiichi Miyazawa</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tokyo" title="Tokyo">Tokyo</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/20th_G7_summit" title="20th G7 summit">20th</a></td> <td data-sort-value="1994">8–10 July 1994</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Silvio_Berlusconi" title="Silvio Berlusconi">Silvio Berlusconi</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Naples" title="Naples">Naples</a>, Campania</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/21st_G7_summit" title="21st G7 summit">21st</a></td> <td data-sort-value="1995">15–17 June 1995</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jean_Chr%C3%A9tien" title="Jean Chrétien">Jean Chrétien</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Halifax_Regional_Municipality" class="mw-redirect" title="Halifax Regional Municipality">Halifax</a>, Nova Scotia</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/22nd_G7_summit" title="22nd G7 summit">22nd</a></td> <td data-sort-value="1996">27–29 June 1996</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Flag_of_France_%281976%E2%80%932020%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_France_%281976%E2%80%932020%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Flag_of_France_%281976%E2%80%932020%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_France_%281976%E2%80%932020%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Flag_of_France_%281976%E2%80%932020%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_France_%281976%E2%80%932020%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Chirac" title="Jacques Chirac">Jacques Chirac</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lyon" title="Lyon">Lyon</a>, Rhône</td> <td>The first summit to debut <a href="/wiki/International_organization" title="International organization">international organizations</a>, namely the United Nations, <a href="/wiki/World_Bank_Group" title="World Bank Group">World Bank</a>, <a href="/wiki/International_Monetary_Fund" title="International Monetary Fund">International Monetary Fund</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Organization" title="World Trade Organization">World Trade Organization</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-G8_paper_86-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-G8_paper-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="6">As the <a href="/wiki/G8" title="G8">G8</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/23rd_G8_summit" title="23rd G8 summit">23rd</a></td> <td data-sort-value="1997">20–22 June 1997</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">Bill Clinton</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Denver" title="Denver">Denver</a>, Colorado</td> <td>Russia joined the group, forming the <a href="/wiki/G8" title="G8">G8</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/24th_G8_summit" title="24th G8 summit">24th</a></td> <td data-sort-value="1998">15–17 May 1998</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tony_Blair" title="Tony Blair">Tony Blair</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Birmingham" title="Birmingham">Birmingham</a>, West Midlands</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/25th_G8_summit" title="25th G8 summit">25th</a></td> <td data-sort-value="1999">18–20 June 1999</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gerhard_Schr%C3%B6der" title="Gerhard Schröder">Gerhard Schröder</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cologne" title="Cologne">Cologne</a>, <a href="/wiki/North_Rhine-Westphalia" title="North Rhine-Westphalia">North Rhine-Westphalia</a></td> <td>The first summit of the <a href="/wiki/G20" title="G20">G20 major economies</a> at <a href="/wiki/Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/26th_G8_summit" title="26th G8 summit">26th</a></td> <td data-sort-value="2000">21–23 July 2000</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Yoshir%C5%8D_Mori" title="Yoshirō Mori">Yoshirō Mori</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nago,_Okinawa" class="mw-redirect" title="Nago, Okinawa">Nago, Okinawa</a></td> <td>South Africa was invited to the summit for the first time, and was thereafter invited annually without interruption until the <a href="/wiki/38th_G8_summit" title="38th G8 summit">38th G8 summit</a> in 2012. With permission from a G8 leader, other nations were invited to the summit on a periodical basis for the first time. Nigeria, Algeria, and Senegal accepted their invitations here. The <a href="/wiki/World_Health_Organization" title="World Health Organization">World Health Organization</a> was also invited for the first time.<sup id="cite_ref-G8_paper_86-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-G8_paper-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/27th_G8_summit" title="27th G8 summit">27th</a></td> <td data-sort-value="2001">20–22 July 2001</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Silvio_Berlusconi" title="Silvio Berlusconi">Silvio Berlusconi</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Genoa" title="Genoa">Genoa</a>, Liguria</td> <td>Leaders from Bangladesh, Mali, and El Salvador accepted their invitations here.<sup id="cite_ref-G8_paper_86-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-G8_paper-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Demonstrator <a href="/wiki/Carlo_Giuliani" class="mw-redirect" title="Carlo Giuliani">Carlo Giuliani</a> was shot and killed by the <a href="/wiki/Carabinieri" title="Carabinieri">Carabinieri</a> during a violent demonstration. One of the largest and most violent <a href="/wiki/Anti-globalization_movement" title="Anti-globalization movement">anti-globalization movement</a> protests occurred during the summit.<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Following those events and the <a href="/wiki/11_September_attacks" class="mw-redirect" title="11 September attacks">11 September attacks</a> two months later in 2001, the summits have been held at more remote locations. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/28th_G8_summit" title="28th G8 summit">28th</a></td> <td data-sort-value="2002">26–27 June 2002</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jean_Chr%C3%A9tien" title="Jean Chrétien">Jean Chrétien</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kananaskis_Improvement_District" title="Kananaskis Improvement District">Kananaskis</a>, Alberta</td> <td>Russia gained permission to officially host a <a href="/wiki/32nd_G8_summit" title="32nd G8 summit">G8 Summit</a>. Also, this meeting was the first Kananaskis G7/G8 Summit, as the area will host it again in 2025. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/29th_G8_summit" title="29th G8 summit">29th</a></td> <td data-sort-value="2003">1–3 June 2003</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Flag_of_France_%281976%E2%80%932020%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_France_%281976%E2%80%932020%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Flag_of_France_%281976%E2%80%932020%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_France_%281976%E2%80%932020%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Flag_of_France_%281976%E2%80%932020%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_France_%281976%E2%80%932020%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Chirac" title="Jacques Chirac">Jacques Chirac</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%C3%89vian-les-Bains" title="Évian-les-Bains">Évian-les-Bains</a>, Haute-Savoie</td> <td>The <a href="/wiki/G8%2B5" title="G8+5">G8+5</a> was unofficially formed when China, India, Brazil, and Mexico were invited to this summit for the first time (the other member of the +5 was South Africa). Other first-time nations that were invited by the French president included Egypt, Morocco, Saudi Arabia, Malaysia, and Switzerland.<sup id="cite_ref-G8_paper_86-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-G8_paper-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/30th_G8_summit" title="30th G8 summit">30th</a></td> <td data-sort-value="2004">8–10 June 2004</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sea_Island,_Georgia" title="Sea Island, Georgia">Sea Island, Georgia</a></td> <td>A record number of leaders from 12 different nations accepted their invitations here. Amongst a couple of veteran nations, the others were: Ghana, Afghanistan, Bahrain, Iraq, Jordan, Turkey, Yemen, and Uganda.<sup id="cite_ref-G8_paper_86-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-G8_paper-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Death_and_state_funeral_of_Ronald_Reagan" title="Death and state funeral of Ronald Reagan">state funeral of former President Ronald Reagan</a> took place in Washington during the summit. Many of the G8 leaders attended this funeral, along with 20 other heads of state. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/31st_G8_summit" title="31st G8 summit">31st</a></td> <td data-sort-value="2005">6–8 July 2005</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tony_Blair" title="Tony Blair">Tony Blair</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gleneagles,_Scotland" class="mw-redirect" title="Gleneagles, Scotland">Gleneagles</a>, Scotland</td> <td>The <a href="/wiki/G8%2B5" title="G8+5">G8+5</a> was officially formed. On the second day of the meeting, <a href="/wiki/7_July_2005_London_bombings" title="7 July 2005 London bombings">suicide bombers killed 52 people on the London Underground and a bus</a>. Ethiopia and Tanzania were invited for the first time. The <a href="/wiki/African_Union" title="African Union">African Union</a> and the <a href="/wiki/International_Energy_Agency" title="International Energy Agency">International Energy Agency</a> made their debut here.<sup id="cite_ref-G8_paper_86-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-G8_paper-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 225,000 people took to the streets of Edinburgh as part of the <a href="/wiki/Make_Poverty_History" title="Make Poverty History">Make Poverty History</a> campaign calling for Trade Justice, Debt Relief and Better Aid. Numerous other demonstrations also took place challenging the legitimacy of the G8.<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/32nd_G8_summit" title="32nd G8 summit">32nd</a></td> <td data-sort-value="2006">15–17 July 2006</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/G8" title="G8">G8</a> member, not G7)<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated1_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin" title="Vladimir Putin">Vladimir Putin</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Strelna" title="Strelna">Strelna</a>, <a href="/wiki/Saint_Petersburg" title="Saint Petersburg">Saint Petersburg</a></td> <td>The only G8 summit held in Russia. The <a href="/wiki/International_Atomic_Energy_Agency" title="International Atomic Energy Agency">International Atomic Energy Agency</a> and <a href="/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO">UNESCO</a> made their debut here.<sup id="cite_ref-G8_paper_86-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-G8_paper-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/33rd_G8_summit" title="33rd G8 summit">33rd</a></td> <td data-sort-value="2007">6–8 June 2007</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Angela_Merkel" title="Angela Merkel">Angela Merkel</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Heiligendamm" title="Heiligendamm">Heiligendamm</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mecklenburg-Vorpommern" title="Mecklenburg-Vorpommern">Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania</a></td> <td>Seven different international organizations accepted their invitations to this summit. The <a href="/wiki/Organisation_for_Economic_Co-operation_and_Development" class="mw-redirect" title="Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development">Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Independent_States" title="Commonwealth of Independent States">Commonwealth of Independent States</a> made their debut here.<sup id="cite_ref-G8_paper_86-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-G8_paper-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/34th_G8_summit" title="34th G8 summit">34th</a></td> <td data-sort-value="2008">7–9 July 2008</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Yasuo_Fukuda" title="Yasuo Fukuda">Yasuo Fukuda</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/T%C5%8Dyako,_Hokkaid%C5%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="Tōyako, Hokkaidō">Tōyako, Hokkaidō</a></td> <td>Australia, Indonesia, and South Korea accepted their G8 summit invitations for the first time.<sup id="cite_ref-G8_paper_86-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-G8_paper-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/35th_G8_summit" title="35th G8 summit">35th</a></td> <td data-sort-value="2009">8–10 July 2009</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Silvio_Berlusconi" title="Silvio Berlusconi">Silvio Berlusconi</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/L%27Aquila" title="L'Aquila">L'Aquila</a>, Abruzzo</td> <td>This G8 summit was originally planned to be held in <a href="/wiki/La_Maddalena" title="La Maddalena">La Maddalena</a> (<a href="/wiki/Sardinia" title="Sardinia">Sardinia</a>), but was moved to L'Aquila as a way of showing Prime Minister Berlusconi's desire to help the region after the <a href="/wiki/2009_L%27Aquila_earthquake" title="2009 L'Aquila earthquake">2009 L'Aquila earthquake</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With 15 invited countries, it was the most heavily attended summit in the history of the group. Angola, Denmark, Netherlands, and Spain accepted their invitations for the first time.<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A record of 11 international organizations were represented in this summit. For the first time, the <a href="/wiki/Food_and_Agriculture_Organization" title="Food and Agriculture Organization">Food and Agriculture Organization</a>, the <a href="/wiki/International_Fund_for_Agricultural_Development" title="International Fund for Agricultural Development">International Fund for Agricultural Development</a>, the <a href="/wiki/World_Food_Programme" title="World Food Programme">World Food Programme</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/International_Labour_Organization" title="International Labour Organization">International Labour Organization</a> accepted their invitations.<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/36th_G8_summit" title="36th G8 summit">36th</a></td> <td data-sort-value="2010">25–26 June 2010<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Harper" title="Stephen Harper">Stephen Harper</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Huntsville,_Ontario" title="Huntsville, Ontario">Huntsville, Ontario</a><sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>Malawi, Colombia, Haiti, and Jamaica accepted their invitations for the first time.<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/37th_G8_summit" title="37th G8 summit">37th</a></td> <td data-sort-value="2011">26–27 May 2011</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Flag_of_France_%281976%E2%80%932020%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_France_%281976%E2%80%932020%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Flag_of_France_%281976%E2%80%932020%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_France_%281976%E2%80%932020%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Flag_of_France_%281976%E2%80%932020%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_France_%281976%E2%80%932020%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nicolas_Sarkozy" title="Nicolas Sarkozy">Nicolas Sarkozy</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Deauville" title="Deauville">Deauville</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Calvados_(department)" title="Calvados (department)">Calvados</a></td> <td>Guinea, Niger, Côte d'Ivoire, and Tunisia accepted their invitations for the first time. The <a href="/wiki/Arab_League" title="Arab League">League of Arab States</a> made its debut in the meeting.<sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/38th_G8_summit" title="38th G8 summit">38th</a></td> <td data-sort-value="2012">18–19 May 2012</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Camp_David" title="Camp David">Camp David</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland">Maryland</a></td> <td>The summit was originally planned for Chicago, along with the <a href="/wiki/2012_Chicago_Summit" class="mw-redirect" title="2012 Chicago Summit">NATO summit</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but on 5 March 2012 an official announcement was made that the summit would be held at the more private location of Camp David, and starting one day earlier than previously scheduled.<sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The second summit in which one of the leaders, in this case Vladimir Putin, declined to participate. The summit concentrated on the core leaders only, as no non-G8 leaders or international organizations were invited. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/39th_G8_summit" title="39th G8 summit">39th</a></td> <td data-sort-value="2013">17–18 June 2013</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/David_Cameron" title="David Cameron">David Cameron</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lough_Erne" title="Lough Erne">Lough Erne</a>, County Fermanagh, <a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland" title="Northern Ireland">Northern Ireland</a><sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>As in 2012, only the core members of the G8 attended this meeting. The four main topics that were discussed here were trade, government transparency, tackling tax evasion, and the ongoing Syrian crisis.<sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="6">As the G7 </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/40th_G7_summit" title="40th G7 summit">40th</a></td> <td data-sort-value="2014">4–5 June 2014</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/23px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/35px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/45px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Herman_Van_Rompuy" title="Herman Van Rompuy">Herman Van Rompuy</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Manuel_Barroso" title="José Manuel Barroso">José Manuel Barroso</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Brussels" title="Brussels">Brussels</a>, Belgium</td> <td>This summit was originally planned to be held in <a href="/wiki/Sochi" title="Sochi">Sochi</a>, Russia, but was relocated, with Russia disinvited, due to the latter's <a href="/wiki/Annexation_of_Crimea_by_the_Russian_Federation" title="Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation">annexation of Crimea</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Thus, the grouping reverted from G8 back to G7. (There was an emergency meeting in March 2014 in The Hague.) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/41st_G7_summit" title="41st G7 summit">41st</a></td> <td data-sort-value="2015">7–8 June 2015</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Angela_Merkel" title="Angela Merkel">Angela Merkel</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Schloss_Elmau" title="Schloss Elmau">Schloss Elmau</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bavaria" title="Bavaria">Bavaria</a><sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>The summit was focused on the global economy, as well as on key issues regarding foreign, security, and development policy.<sup id="cite_ref-105" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Global_Apollo_Programme" title="Global Apollo Programme">Global Apollo Programme</a> was also on the agenda.<sup id="cite_ref-106" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/42nd_G7_summit" title="42nd G7 summit">42nd</a></td> <td data-sort-value="2016">26–27 May 2016<sup id="cite_ref-107" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-108" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Shinz%C5%8D_Abe" class="mw-redirect" title="Shinzō Abe">Shinzō Abe</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Shima,_Mie" title="Shima, Mie">Shima</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mie_Prefecture" title="Mie Prefecture">Mie Prefecture</a><sup id="cite_ref-109" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>The G7 leaders aimed to address challenges affecting the growth of the <a href="/wiki/World_economy" title="World economy">world economy</a>, like slowdowns in <a href="/wiki/Emerging_markets" class="mw-redirect" title="Emerging markets">emerging markets</a> and drops in <a href="/wiki/Price_of_oil" title="Price of oil">price of oil</a>. The G7 also issued a warning to the United Kingdom that "a <a href="/wiki/Brexit" title="Brexit">UK exit from the EU</a> would reverse the trend towards greater global trade and investment, and the jobs they create and is a further serious risk to growth."<sup id="cite_ref-110" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Commitment to an EU–Japan Free Trade Agreement. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/43rd_G7_summit" title="43rd G7 summit">43rd</a></td> <td data-sort-value="2017">26–27 May 2017<sup id="cite_ref-111" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Paolo_Gentiloni" title="Paolo Gentiloni">Paolo Gentiloni</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Taormina" title="Taormina">Taormina</a>, Sicily<sup id="cite_ref-112" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>The G7 leaders emphasized common endeavours: ending the Syrian crisis, fulfilling the UN mission in Libya, and reducing the presence of ISIS in Syria and Iraq. North Korea was urged to comply with UN resolutions, and Russian responsibility for the Ukrainian conflict was stressed. Supporting economic activity and ensuring price stability was demanded, while inequalities in trade and gender were called to be challenged. It was agreed to help countries in creating conditions that address the drivers of migration: ending hunger, increasing competitiveness, and advancing global health security.<sup id="cite_ref-Come_funziona_il_G7_113-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Come_funziona_il_G7-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-114" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-114"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>114<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/44th_G7_summit" title="44th G7 summit">44th</a></td> <td data-sort-value="2018">8–9 June 2018</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a><sup id="cite_ref-gcnews_115-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gcnews-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Justin_Trudeau" title="Justin Trudeau">Justin Trudeau</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/La_Malbaie" title="La Malbaie">La Malbaie</a>, <a href="/wiki/Qu%C3%A9bec" class="mw-redirect" title="Québec">Québec</a> (<a href="/wiki/Charlevoix" title="Charlevoix">Charlevoix</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-116" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>The summit took place at the Manoir Richelieu. Prime Minister Trudeau announced five themes for Canada's G7 presidency, which began in January 2018. Climate, along with commerce trades, was one of the main themes. "<i>Working together on climate change, oceans and clean energy</i>."<sup id="cite_ref-117" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-117"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The final statement contained 28 points. US President <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a> did not agree to the economic section of the final statement.<sup id="cite_ref-118" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-118"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The G7 members also announced to recall sanctions and to be ready to take further restrictive measures against Russian Federation for its failure to implement the <a href="/wiki/Minsk_Protocol" class="mw-redirect" title="Minsk Protocol">Minsk Protocol</a> completely.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_84-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/45th_G7_summit" title="45th G7 summit">45th</a></td> <td data-sort-value="2019">24–26 August 2019</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Flag_of_France_%281976%E2%80%932020%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_France_%281976%E2%80%932020%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Flag_of_France_%281976%E2%80%932020%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_France_%281976%E2%80%932020%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Flag_of_France_%281976%E2%80%932020%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_France_%281976%E2%80%932020%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a><sup id="cite_ref-presidency_rotation_2015-2020_119-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-presidency_rotation_2015-2020-119"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Emmanuel_Macron" title="Emmanuel Macron">Emmanuel Macron</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Biarritz" title="Biarritz">Biarritz</a>, Pyrénées-Atlantiques</td> <td>It was agreed at the summit that the World Trade Organization, "with regard to intellectual property protection, to settle disputes more swiftly and to eliminate unfair trade practices", "to simplify regulatory barriers and modernize international taxation within the framework of the OECD", "to ensure that Iran never acquires nuclear weapons and to foster peace and stability in the region", and "to support a truce in Libya that will lead to a long-term ceasefire". The summit also addressed the Russian military intervention in Ukraine and the 2019 Hong Kong anti-extradition bill protests.<sup id="cite_ref-scmp_120-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-scmp-120"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-xinhua_121-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-xinhua-121"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-lh_122-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lh-122"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>122<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-rthk_123-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rthk-123"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>123<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#e0e0e0"> <td><a href="/wiki/46th_G7_summit" title="46th G7 summit">46th</a></td> <td data-sort-value="2020"><i>Cancelled</i></td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> (original host, none)<sup id="cite_ref-presidency_rotation_2015-2020_119-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-presidency_rotation_2015-2020-119"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a> (original host figure)</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Camp_David" title="Camp David">Camp David</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland">Maryland</a> (cancelled)</td> <td>The summit was originally to be held in <a href="/wiki/Camp_David" title="Camp David">Camp David</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland">Maryland</a>, but was officially postponed on 19 March 2020 due to the concerns over the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">worldwide coronavirus pandemic</a>, and was planned to be replaced by a global videoconference,<sup id="cite_ref-124" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-124"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>124<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but in the end, no meeting was held. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/47th_G7_summit" title="47th G7 summit">47th</a></td> <td data-sort-value="2021">11–13 June 2021<sup id="cite_ref-g7UK_125-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-g7UK-125"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>125<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Boris_Johnson" title="Boris Johnson">Boris Johnson</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Carbis_Bay" title="Carbis Bay">Carbis Bay</a>, Cornwall, England<sup id="cite_ref-126" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-126"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>126<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>The summit reached provisional agreement on a global <a href="/wiki/Minimum_corporate_tax_rate" class="mw-redirect" title="Minimum corporate tax rate">minimum corporate tax rate</a> of 15%.<sup id="cite_ref-127" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-127"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>127<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/48th_G7_summit" title="48th G7 summit">48th</a></td> <td data-sort-value="2022">26–28 June 2022<sup id="cite_ref-G7_Germany_2022_128-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-G7_Germany_2022-128"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>128<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a><sup id="cite_ref-Come_funziona_il_G7_113-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Come_funziona_il_G7-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz">Olaf Scholz</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Schloss_Elmau" title="Schloss Elmau">Schloss Elmau</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bavaria" title="Bavaria">Bavaria</a><sup id="cite_ref-129" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-129"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>129<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>Discussed with Ukrainian president <a href="/wiki/Volodymyr_Zelenskyy" title="Volodymyr Zelenskyy">Volodymyr Zelenskyy</a> virtually, and the statement on support for Ukraine was issued.<sup id="cite_ref-130" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-130"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>130<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-131" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-131"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>131<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Also discussed with invited guests about global food security, gender equality and "Investing in a Better Future" on climate, energy and health, and G7 Leaders' Communiqué was issued after the summit meetings.<sup id="cite_ref-132" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-132"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>132<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-133" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-133"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>133<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/49th_G7_summit" title="49th G7 summit">49th</a></td> <td data-sort-value="2023">19–21 May 2023<sup id="cite_ref-134" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-134"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>134<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a><sup id="cite_ref-Come_funziona_il_G7_113-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Come_funziona_il_G7-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fumio_Kishida" title="Fumio Kishida">Fumio Kishida</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hiroshima" title="Hiroshima">Hiroshima</a><sup id="cite_ref-135" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-135"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>135<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>At the situation of the world facing multiple crises, including <a href="/wiki/Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Russian invasion of Ukraine">Russian invasion of Ukraine</a>, climate crisis, pandemic, and geopolitical crisis, the G7 discussed to counter these crisis. The G7 affirmed to uphold "the free and open international order" based on "the <a href="/wiki/Rule_of_law" title="Rule of law">rule of law</a>", and strengthened the G7's outreach to the emerging and developing countries.<sup id="cite_ref-JF_2023-05-13_136-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JF_2023-05-13-136"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>136<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The long guest list reflects the attempts to woo what many call the "Global South", a term used for developing countries in Asia, Africa and Latin America, all of whom have complex political and economic ties to both Russia and China.<sup id="cite_ref-137" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-137"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>137<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/President_of_Ukraine" title="President of Ukraine">President of Ukraine</a> <a href="/wiki/Volodymyr_Zelenskyy" title="Volodymyr Zelenskyy">Volodymyr Zelenskyy</a> attended two sessions as guest and got a lot of attention.<sup id="cite_ref-138" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-138"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>138<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/50th_G7_summit" title="50th G7 summit">50th</a></td> <td data-sort-value="2024">13–15 June 2024</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a><sup id="cite_ref-Come_funziona_il_G7_113-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Come_funziona_il_G7-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Giorgia_Meloni" title="Giorgia Meloni">Giorgia Meloni</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fasano" title="Fasano">Fasano</a>, <a href="/wiki/Puglia" class="mw-redirect" title="Puglia">Puglia</a></td> <td>The 50th G7 summit hosted many guest international leaders representing Nations and International organizations such as the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">UN</a>, <a href="/wiki/International_Monetary_Fund" title="International Monetary Fund">IMF</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/World_Bank" title="World Bank">World Bank</a>. The summit also hosted <a href="/wiki/Pope_Francis" title="Pope Francis">Pope Francis</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Vatican_City" title="Vatican City">Vatican</a> in his first appearance at a G7 Summit. The Summit also hosted President Zelensky of Ukraine for the 3rd year since the start of the <a href="/wiki/Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Russian invasion of Ukraine">Russian invasion of Ukraine</a>. Indian Prime Minister too attended the summit. The topics discussed included the ongoing war in Ukraine, The <a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Hamas_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Israel–Hamas war">Middle East</a>, <a href="/wiki/Climate_change" title="Climate change">climate change</a>, <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a>, Migration, and the Economy.<sup id="cite_ref-139" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-139"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>139<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-140" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-140"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>140<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/51st_G7_summit" title="51st G7 summit">51st</a></td> <td data-sort-value="2025">15–17 June 2025<sup id="cite_ref-141" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-141"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>141<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a><sup id="cite_ref-:4_142-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-142"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>142<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Prime_Minister" class="mw-redirect" title="Canadian Prime Minister">Canadian Prime Minister</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kananaskis_Improvement_District" title="Kananaskis Improvement District">Kananaskis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alberta" title="Alberta">Alberta</a><sup id="cite_ref-:4_142-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-142"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>142<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>The second time the Kananaskis area will host the G7 Summit.<sup id="cite_ref-143" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-143"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>143<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Host leader will be decided by the <a href="/wiki/2025_Liberal_Party_of_Canada_leadership_election" title="2025 Liberal Party of Canada leadership election">2025 Liberal Party of Canada leadership election</a>. </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Current_leaders">Current leaders</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=G7&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Current leaders"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional center"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Prime_Minister_Trudeau%27s_message_on_Christmas_2023_(0m29s)_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title=" Canada Justin Trudeau, Prime Minister"><img alt="CanadaJustin Trudeau,Prime Minister" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Prime_Minister_Trudeau%27s_message_on_Christmas_2023_%280m29s%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/90px-Prime_Minister_Trudeau%27s_message_on_Christmas_2023_%280m29s%29_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Prime_Minister_Trudeau%27s_message_on_Christmas_2023_%280m29s%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/135px-Prime_Minister_Trudeau%27s_message_on_Christmas_2023_%280m29s%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Prime_Minister_Trudeau%27s_message_on_Christmas_2023_%280m29s%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/180px-Prime_Minister_Trudeau%27s_message_on_Christmas_2023_%280m29s%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="744" data-file-height="992" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><b><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a></b><br /><a href="/wiki/Justin_Trudeau" title="Justin Trudeau">Justin Trudeau</a>,<br /><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Canada" title="Prime Minister of Canada">Prime Minister</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emmanuel_Macron_August_2024.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title=" France Emmanuel Macron, President"><img alt="FranceEmmanuel Macron,President" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Emmanuel_Macron_August_2024.jpg/90px-Emmanuel_Macron_August_2024.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Emmanuel_Macron_August_2024.jpg/135px-Emmanuel_Macron_August_2024.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Emmanuel_Macron_August_2024.jpg/180px-Emmanuel_Macron_August_2024.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1069" data-file-height="1425" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><b><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a></b><br /><a href="/wiki/Emmanuel_Macron" title="Emmanuel Macron">Emmanuel Macron</a>,<br /><a href="/wiki/President_of_France" title="President of France">President</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Olaf_Scholz_and_Gustavo_Petro_in_New_York_2024_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title=" Germany Olaf Scholz, Chancellor"><img alt="GermanyOlaf Scholz,Chancellor" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Olaf_Scholz_and_Gustavo_Petro_in_New_York_2024_%28cropped%29.jpg/100px-Olaf_Scholz_and_Gustavo_Petro_in_New_York_2024_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Olaf_Scholz_and_Gustavo_Petro_in_New_York_2024_%28cropped%29.jpg/150px-Olaf_Scholz_and_Gustavo_Petro_in_New_York_2024_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Olaf_Scholz_and_Gustavo_Petro_in_New_York_2024_%28cropped%29.jpg/201px-Olaf_Scholz_and_Gustavo_Petro_in_New_York_2024_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1005" data-file-height="1202" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><b><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a></b><br /><a href="/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz">Olaf Scholz</a>,<br /><a href="/wiki/Chancellor_of_Germany" title="Chancellor of Germany">Chancellor</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Giorgia_Meloni_Official_2023_crop.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title=" Italy Giorgia Meloni, Prime Minister"><img alt="ItalyGiorgia Meloni,Prime Minister" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Giorgia_Meloni_Official_2023_crop.jpg/84px-Giorgia_Meloni_Official_2023_crop.jpg" decoding="async" width="84" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Giorgia_Meloni_Official_2023_crop.jpg/126px-Giorgia_Meloni_Official_2023_crop.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Giorgia_Meloni_Official_2023_crop.jpg/168px-Giorgia_Meloni_Official_2023_crop.jpg 2x" data-file-width="869" data-file-height="1239" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><b><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a></b><br /><a href="/wiki/Giorgia_Meloni" title="Giorgia Meloni">Giorgia Meloni</a>,<br /><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Italy" title="Prime Minister of Italy">Prime Minister</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ishiba_Shigeru_20241001_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title=" Japan Shigeru Ishiba, Prime Minister"><img alt="JapanShigeru Ishiba,Prime Minister" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Ishiba_Shigeru_20241001_%28cropped%29.jpg/90px-Ishiba_Shigeru_20241001_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Ishiba_Shigeru_20241001_%28cropped%29.jpg/135px-Ishiba_Shigeru_20241001_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Ishiba_Shigeru_20241001_%28cropped%29.jpg/180px-Ishiba_Shigeru_20241001_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3150" data-file-height="4200" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><b><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a></b><br /><a href="/wiki/Shigeru_Ishiba" title="Shigeru Ishiba">Shigeru Ishiba</a>,<br /><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Japan" title="Prime Minister of Japan">Prime Minister</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Prime_Minister_Keir_Starmer_Portrait_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title=" United Kingdom Keir Starmer, Prime Minister"><img alt="United KingdomKeir Starmer,Prime Minister" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Prime_Minister_Keir_Starmer_Portrait_%28cropped%29.jpg/86px-Prime_Minister_Keir_Starmer_Portrait_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="86" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Prime_Minister_Keir_Starmer_Portrait_%28cropped%29.jpg/129px-Prime_Minister_Keir_Starmer_Portrait_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Prime_Minister_Keir_Starmer_Portrait_%28cropped%29.jpg/172px-Prime_Minister_Keir_Starmer_Portrait_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1507" data-file-height="2103" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><b><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></b><br /><a href="/wiki/Keir_Starmer" title="Keir Starmer">Keir Starmer</a>,<br /><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Prime Minister of the United Kingdom">Prime Minister</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:TrumpPortrait.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title=" United States Donald Trump, President"><img alt="United StatesDonald Trump,President" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/TrumpPortrait.jpg/93px-TrumpPortrait.jpg" decoding="async" width="93" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/TrumpPortrait.jpg/139px-TrumpPortrait.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/TrumpPortrait.jpg/185px-TrumpPortrait.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2550" data-file-height="3300" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><b><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></b><br /><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a>,<br /><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Antonio_Costa_Portrait_2024_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title=" European Union António Costa, President of the European Council"><img alt="European UnionAntónio Costa,President of the European Council" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Antonio_Costa_Portrait_2024_%28cropped%29.jpg/80px-Antonio_Costa_Portrait_2024_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Antonio_Costa_Portrait_2024_%28cropped%29.jpg/120px-Antonio_Costa_Portrait_2024_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Antonio_Costa_Portrait_2024_%28cropped%29.jpg/160px-Antonio_Costa_Portrait_2024_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2474" data-file-height="3713" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><b><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/23px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/35px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/45px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a></b><br /><a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio_Costa" title="António Costa">António Costa</a>,<br /><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_European_Council" title="President of the European Council">President of the European Council</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ursula_von_der_Leyen_2024.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title=" European Union Ursula von der Leyen, President of the European Commission"><img alt="European UnionUrsula von der Leyen,President of the European Commission" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Ursula_von_der_Leyen_2024.jpg/90px-Ursula_von_der_Leyen_2024.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Ursula_von_der_Leyen_2024.jpg/135px-Ursula_von_der_Leyen_2024.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Ursula_von_der_Leyen_2024.jpg/180px-Ursula_von_der_Leyen_2024.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3344" data-file-height="4456" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><b><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/23px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/35px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/45px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a></b><br /><a href="/wiki/Ursula_von_der_Leyen" title="Ursula von der Leyen">Ursula von der Leyen</a>,<br /><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_European_Commission" title="President of the European Commission">President of the European Commission</a></div> </li> </ul> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Leaders of G7 members </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col">Member </th> <th scope="col" colspan="2">Leader(s) </th> <th scope="col" colspan="2">Minister of Finance </th> <th scope="col" colspan="2">Central Bank Governor </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Canada" title="Prime Minister of Canada">Prime Minister</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Justin_Trudeau" title="Justin Trudeau">Justin Trudeau</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Finance_(Canada)" title="Minister of Finance (Canada)">Minister of Finance</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dominic_LeBlanc" title="Dominic LeBlanc">Dominic LeBlanc</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_the_Bank_of_Canada" title="Governor of the Bank of Canada">Governor</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tiff_Macklem" title="Tiff Macklem">Tiff Macklem</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/President_of_France" title="President of France">President</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Emmanuel_Macron" title="Emmanuel Macron">Emmanuel Macron</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_the_Economy_and_Finance_(France)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministry of the Economy and Finance (France)">Minister of the Economy and Finance</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%C3%89ric_Lombard" title="Éric Lombard">Éric Lombard</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_the_Bank_of_France" title="Governor of the Bank of France">Governor</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Villeroy_de_Galhau" title="François Villeroy de Galhau">François Villeroy de Galhau</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Chancellor_of_Germany" title="Chancellor of Germany">Chancellor</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz">Olaf Scholz</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Federal_Ministry_of_Finance_(Germany)" title="Federal Ministry of Finance (Germany)">Minister of Finance</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/J%C3%B6rg_Kukies" title="Jörg Kukies">Jörg Kukies</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Deutsche_Bundesbank" title="Deutsche Bundesbank">President</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Joachim_Nagel" title="Joachim Nagel">Joachim Nagel</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Italy" title="Prime Minister of Italy">Prime Minister</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Giorgia_Meloni" title="Giorgia Meloni">Giorgia Meloni</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Italian_Minister_of_Economy_and_Finance" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian Minister of Economy and Finance">Minister of Economy and Finance</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Giancarlo_Giorgetti" title="Giancarlo Giorgetti">Giancarlo Giorgetti</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_the_Bank_of_Italy" title="Governor of the Bank of Italy">Governor</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fabio_Panetta" title="Fabio Panetta">Fabio Panetta</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Japan" title="Prime Minister of Japan">Prime Minister</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Shigeru_Ishiba" title="Shigeru Ishiba">Shigeru Ishiba</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Finance_(Japan)" title="Minister of Finance (Japan)">Minister of Finance</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Katsunobu_Kat%C5%8D" title="Katsunobu Katō">Katsunobu Katō</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bank_of_Japan" title="Bank of Japan">Governor</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kazuo_Ueda" title="Kazuo Ueda">Kazuo Ueda</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Prime Minister of the United Kingdom">Prime Minister</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Keir_Starmer" title="Keir Starmer">Keir Starmer</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Chancellor_of_the_Exchequer" title="Chancellor of the Exchequer">Chancellor of the Exchequer</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rachel_Reeves" title="Rachel Reeves">Rachel Reeves</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_the_Bank_of_England" title="Governor of the Bank of England">Governor</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Bailey_(banker)" title="Andrew Bailey (banker)">Andrew Bailey</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Treasury" title="United States Secretary of the Treasury">Secretary of the Treasury</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Scott_Bessent" title="Scott Bessent">Scott Bessent</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Chair_of_the_Federal_Reserve" title="Chair of the Federal Reserve">Chair</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jerome_Powell" title="Jerome Powell">Jerome Powell</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" rowspan="2" style="text-align:left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/23px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/35px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/45px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_European_Council" title="President of the European Council">Council President</a><sup id="cite_ref-EU_rep_144-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EU_rep-144"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>144<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio_Costa" title="António Costa">António Costa</a> </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/European_Commissioner_for_Economy" title="European Commissioner for Economy">Commissioner for Economy</a> </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Valdis_Dombrovskis" title="Valdis Dombrovskis">Valdis Dombrovskis</a> </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_European_Central_Bank" title="President of the European Central Bank">President</a> </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Christine_Lagarde" title="Christine Lagarde">Christine Lagarde</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_European_Commission" title="President of the European Commission">Commission President</a><sup id="cite_ref-EU_rep_144-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EU_rep-144"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>144<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ursula_von_der_Leyen" title="Ursula von der Leyen">Ursula von der Leyen</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Member_country_data">Member country data</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=G7&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Member country data"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The G7 is composed of the seven <a href="/wiki/National_wealth" class="mw-redirect" title="National wealth">wealthiest</a> advanced countries. The <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">People's Republic of China</a>, according to its data, would be the second-largest with 17.90% of the world net wealth,<sup id="cite_ref-:2_145-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-145"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>145<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but is excluded because of its relatively low net wealth per adult and <a href="/wiki/HDI" class="mw-redirect" title="HDI">Human Development Index</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated1_24-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of 2021, <a href="/wiki/Cr%C3%A9dit_Suisse" class="mw-redirect" title="Crédit Suisse">Crédit Suisse</a> reports the G7 (without the <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a>) represents around 53% of the global <a href="/wiki/Net_worth" title="Net worth">net wealth</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-:3_146-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-146"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>146<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> including the EU, the G7 accounts for over 60% of the global net wealth.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_146-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-146"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>146<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The combined population of the G7 countries is about 10% of <a href="/wiki/World_population" title="World population">world population</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-n026_147-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-n026-147"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>147<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <caption>Overview of G7 members </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col">Member </th> <th scope="col" data-sort-type="number"><a href="/wiki/International_trade" title="International trade">Trade</a> mil. USD (2014) </th> <th scope="col" data-sort-type="number"><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(nominal)" title="List of countries by GDP (nominal)">Nominal GDP</a> (USD million)<sup id="cite_ref-:5_148-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-148"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>148<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th scope="col" data-sort-type="number"><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(PPP)" title="List of countries by GDP (PPP)">PPP GDP</a> (Int$ million)<sup id="cite_ref-:5_148-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-148"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>148<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th scope="col" data-sort-type="number"><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(nominal)_per_capita" title="List of countries by GDP (nominal) per capita">Nominal GDP per capita</a> ($)<sup id="cite_ref-:5_148-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-148"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>148<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th scope="col" data-sort-type="number"><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(PPP)_per_capita" title="List of countries by GDP (PPP) per capita">PPP GDP per capita</a> (Int$)<sup id="cite_ref-:5_148-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-148"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>148<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th scope="col" data-sort-type="number"><a href="/wiki/Human_Development_Index" title="Human Development Index">HDI</a> (2022) </th> <th scope="col" data-sort-type="number"><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_and_dependencies_by_population" title="List of countries and dependencies by population">Population</a> (2022-2023) </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/Permanent_members_of_the_United_Nations_Security_Council" title="Permanent members of the United Nations Security Council">P5</a> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/OECD" title="OECD">OECD</a> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/Development_Assistance_Committee" title="Development Assistance Committee">DAC</a> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/Organisation_internationale_de_la_Francophonie" title="Organisation internationale de la Francophonie"> OIF</a> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Nations" title="Commonwealth of Nations">C'wth</a> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">NATO</a> </th> <th scope="col">Economic classification (<a href="/wiki/IMF" class="mw-redirect" title="IMF">IMF</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-:5_148-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-148"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>148<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th scope="col">Currency </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a> </td> <td style="text-align: right;">947,200 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">2,089,672 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">2,385,124 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">52,722 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">60,177 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">0.935 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">39,891,963 </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="text-align:center;" rowspan="7">Advanced </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Canadian_dollar" title="Canadian dollar">Canadian dollar</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a> </td> <td style="text-align: right;">1,212,300 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">2,923,489 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">3,872,729 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">44,408 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">58,828 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">0.910 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">68,042,591 </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="text-align:center;" rowspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Euro" title="Euro">Euro</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a> </td> <td style="text-align: right;">2,866,600 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">4,308,854 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">5,545,656 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">51,383 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">66,132 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">0.950 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">84,270,625 </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> </td> <td style="text-align: right;">948,600 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">2,169,745 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">3,195,548 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">36,812 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">44,160 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">0.906 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">58,815,463 </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a> </td> <td style="text-align: right;">1,522,400 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">4,409,738 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">6,456,527 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">35,385 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">51,809 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">0.920 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">124,470,000 </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td style="background: #FF8; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-maybe"><a href="/wiki/NATO_global_partners" title="NATO global partners">global partner</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Japanese_yen" title="Japanese yen">Yen</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> </td> <td style="text-align: right;">1,189,400 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">3,158,938 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">3,846,931 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">46,371 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">56,471 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">0.940 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">67,026,292 </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Pound_sterling" title="Pound sterling">Pound</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> </td> <td style="text-align: right;">3,944,000 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">26,854,599 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">26,854,599 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">80,034 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">80,034 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">0.927 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">334,748,000 </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_dollar" title="United States dollar">US dollar</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><i><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/23px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/35px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/45px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a></span></i> </td> <td style="text-align: right;">4,485,000 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">17,818,782 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">25,399,093 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">39,940 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">56,929 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">0.899 (2021) </td> <td style="text-align: right;">446,828,803 </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td style="text-align:center;">Advanced / Emerging and Developing<sup id="cite_ref-149" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-149"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>149<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Euro" title="Euro">Euro</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Total (excl.<span class="nowrap"> </span>EU) </th> <th style="text-align: right;">12,630,500 </th> <th style="text-align: right;">45,915,035 </th> <th style="text-align: right;">52,157,114 </th> <th style="text-align: right;">59,072 </th> <th style="text-align: right;">67,103 </th> <th style="text-align: right;">0.922 </th> <th style="text-align: right;">777,264,934 </th> <th> </th> <th> </th> <th> </th> <th> </th> <th> </th> <th> </th> <th> </th> <th> </th></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reception">Reception</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=G7&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Reception"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to the group <a href="/wiki/Hegemony" title="Hegemony">hegemony</a> theory, the G7 has helped stabilise and perpetuate an inequitable world economic order.<sup id="cite_ref-150" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-150"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>150<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2015_protests">2015 protests</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=G7&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: 2015 protests"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/41st_G7_summit" title="41st G7 summit">41st G7 summit</a></div> <p>About 7,500 protesters led by the group 'Stop-G7' demonstrated during the 2015 summit in <a href="/wiki/Bavaria" title="Bavaria">Bavaria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a>. About 300 of those reached the 3 m high and 7 km long security fence surrounding the summit location. The protesters questioned the legitimacy of the G7 to make decisions that could affect the whole world. Authorities had banned demonstrations in the area closest to the summit location and 20,000 police were on duty in Southern Bavaria to keep activists and protesters from interfering with the summit.<sup id="cite_ref-Spiegel07June_151-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Spiegel07June-151"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>151<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Bild03June_152-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bild03June-152"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>152<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=G7&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 15em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Build_Back_Better_World" title="Build Back Better World">Build Back Better World</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capitalism" title="Capitalism">Capitalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D-10_Strategy_Forum" title="D-10 Strategy Forum">D-10 Strategy Forum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Developed_country" title="Developed country">Developed country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_Four_(Western_Europe)" title="Big Four (Western Europe)">G4 (EU)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G6_(EU)" title="G6 (EU)">G6 (EU)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G8" title="G8">G8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G8%2B5" title="G8+5">G8+5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G10_currencies" title="G10 currencies">G10 currencies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G20" title="G20">G20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_power" title="Great power">Great power</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Group_of_Twelve" title="Group of Twelve">Group of Twelve</a> (G12)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junior_8" class="mw-redirect" title="Junior 8">Junior 8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_country_groupings" title="List of country groupings">List of country groupings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_G7_leaders" title="List of G7 leaders">List of G7 leaders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_multilateral_free_trade_agreements" title="List of multilateral free trade agreements">List of multilateral free trade agreements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OECD" title="OECD">OECD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quint_(international_organization)" class="mw-redirect" title="Quint (international organization)">Quint</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BRICS" title="BRICS">BRICS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Bloc" title="Western Bloc">Western Bloc</a></li></ul></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=G7&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-What_is_the_G7-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-What_is_the_G7_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-What_is_the_G7_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211225102211/https://www.g7uk.org/what-is-the-g7/">"What is the G7?"</a>. <i>G7 UK Presidency 2021</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.g7uk.org/what-is-the-g7/">the original</a> on 25 December 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=G7+UK+Presidency+2021&rft.atitle=What+is+the+G7%3F&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.g7uk.org%2Fwhat-is-the-g7%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2018/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=34&pr.y=14&sy=2016&ey=2023&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=156,158,132,112,134,111,136&s=NGDPD,PPPGDP&grp=0&a=">"Report for Selected Countries Subjects"</a>. <i>www.imf.org</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190407165829/https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2018/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=34&pr.y=14&sy=2016&ey=2023&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=156,158,132,112,134,111,136&s=NGDPD,PPPGDP&grp=0&a=">Archived</a> from the original on 7 April 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 June</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.imf.org&rft.atitle=Report+for+Selected+Countries+Subjects&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.imf.org%2Fexternal%2Fpubs%2Fft%2Fweo%2F2018%2F01%2Fweodata%2Fweorept.aspx%3Fpr.x%3D34%26pr.y%3D14%26sy%3D2016%26ey%3D2023%26scsm%3D1%26ssd%3D1%26sort%3Dcountry%26ds%3D.%26br%3D1%26c%3D156%2C158%2C132%2C112%2C134%2C111%2C136%26s%3DNGDPD%2CPPPGDP%26grp%3D0%26a%3D&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2017/02/weodata/weoselco.aspx?g=119&sg=All+countries+%2f+Advanced+economies+%2f+Major+advanced+economies+(G7)">"World Economic Outlook Database"</a>. International Monetary Fund. imf.org. October 2017. Major Advanced Economies (G7). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180612144138/https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2017/02/weodata/weoselco.aspx?g=119&sg=All+countries+%2f+Advanced+economies+%2f+Major+advanced+economies+(G7)">Archived</a> from the original on 12 June 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 February</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=World+Economic+Outlook+Database&rft.pages=Major+Advanced+Economies+%28G7%29&rft.pub=International+Monetary+Fund.+imf.org&rft.date=2017-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.imf.org%2Fexternal%2Fpubs%2Fft%2Fweo%2F2017%2F02%2Fweodata%2Fweoselco.aspx%3Fg%3D119%26sg%3DAll%2Bcountries%2B%252f%2BAdvanced%2Beconomies%2B%252f%2BMajor%2Badvanced%2Beconomies%2B%28G7%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPaul_LeBlanc2021" class="citation web cs1">Paul LeBlanc (11 June 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnn.com/2021/06/11/politics/g7-summit-explainer/index.html">"What is the G7, and what power does it hold?"</a>. <i>CNN</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211101201013/https://www.cnn.com/2021/06/11/politics/g7-summit-explainer/index.html">Archived</a> from the original on 1 November 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CNN&rft.atitle=What+is+the+G7%2C+and+what+power+does+it+hold%3F&rft.date=2021-06-11&rft.au=Paul+LeBlanc&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2021%2F06%2F11%2Fpolitics%2Fg7-summit-explainer%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://g7.canada.ca/en/">"Canada's 2025 G7 Presidency"</a>. <i>g7.canada.ca</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 January</span> 2025</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=g7.canada.ca&rft.atitle=Canada%27s+2025+G7+Presidency&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fg7.canada.ca%2Fen%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Shear-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Shear_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Shear_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShear2021" class="citation news cs1">Shear, Michael D. (11 June 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/live/2021/06/11/world/g7-summit">"G7 News: A Return to Face-to-Face Diplomacy"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211124053912/https://www.nytimes.com/live/2021/06/11/world/g7-summit">Archived</a> from the original on 24 November 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=G7+News%3A+A+Return+to+Face-to-Face+Diplomacy&rft.date=2021-06-11&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Shear&rft.aufirst=Michael+D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2Flive%2F2021%2F06%2F11%2Fworld%2Fg7-summit&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201127055741/http://www.g8.utoronto.ca/what_is_g8.html">"What are the G7 and the G8?"</a>. <i>www.g8.utoronto.ca</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.g8.utoronto.ca/what_is_g8.html">the original</a> on 27 November 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.g8.utoronto.ca&rft.atitle=What+are+the+G7+and+the+G8%3F&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.g8.utoronto.ca%2Fwhat_is_g8.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMeredith2021" class="citation web cs1">Meredith, Sam (14 June 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnbc.com/2021/06/14/g-7-summit-why-economists-and-activists-are-disappointed-over-pledges.html">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'The selfie summit': Why some economists and activists are disappointed with the G-7"</a>. <i>CNBC</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221109192345/https://www.cnbc.com/2021/06/14/g-7-summit-why-economists-and-activists-are-disappointed-over-pledges.html">Archived</a> from the original on 9 November 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 November</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CNBC&rft.atitle=%27The+selfie+summit%27%3A+Why+some+economists+and+activists+are+disappointed+with+the+G-7&rft.date=2021-06-14&rft.aulast=Meredith&rft.aufirst=Sam&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnbc.com%2F2021%2F06%2F14%2Fg-7-summit-why-economists-and-activists-are-disappointed-over-pledges.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cfr.org/backgrounder/where-g7-headed">"Where Is the G7 Headed?"</a>. <i>Council on Foreign Relations</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220718145403/https://www.cfr.org/backgrounder/where-g7-headed">Archived</a> from the original on 18 July 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 November</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Council+on+Foreign+Relations&rft.atitle=Where+Is+the+G7+Headed%3F&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cfr.org%2Fbackgrounder%2Fwhere-g7-headed&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.voanews.com/a/europe_g-7-communique-wide-ranging-critics-find-shortcomings/6206982.html">"G-7 Communique Wide-Ranging, But Critics Find Shortcomings"</a>. <i>VOA</i>. 13 June 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221109192346/https://www.voanews.com/a/europe_g-7-communique-wide-ranging-critics-find-shortcomings/6206982.html">Archived</a> from the original on 9 November 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 November</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=VOA&rft.atitle=G-7+Communique+Wide-Ranging%2C+But+Critics+Find+Shortcomings&rft.date=2021-06-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.voanews.com%2Fa%2Feurope_g-7-communique-wide-ranging-critics-find-shortcomings%2F6206982.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bcg.com/publications/2024/brics-enlargement-and-shifting-world-order">"An Evolving BRICS and the Shifting World Order"</a>. <i>BCG Global</i>. 19 April 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 January</span> 2025</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BCG+Global&rft.atitle=An+Evolving+BRICS+and+the+Shifting+World+Order&rft.date=2024-04-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bcg.com%2Fpublications%2F2024%2Fbrics-enlargement-and-shifting-world-order&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.statista.com/statistics/1370614/g7-country-gdp-share-world/">"G-7: Share of World's GDP by country"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 August</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=G-7%3A+Share+of+World%27s+GDP+by+country&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.statista.com%2Fstatistics%2F1370614%2Fg7-country-gdp-share-world%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-b990-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-b990_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.statista.com/statistics/1412425/gdp-ppp-share-world-gdp-g7-brics/">"BRICS vs G7 GDP as a share of world total 2024"</a>. <i>Statista</i>. 12 April 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Statista&rft.atitle=BRICS+vs+G7+GDP+as+a+share+of+world+total+2024&rft.date=2024-04-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.statista.com%2Fstatistics%2F1412425%2Fgdp-ppp-share-world-gdp-g7-brics%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.investopedia.com/insights/worlds-top-economies/">"The Top 25 Economies in the World"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Top+25+Economies+in+the+World&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.investopedia.com%2Finsights%2Fworlds-top-economies%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Schultz-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Schultz_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Schultz_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Shultz, George P. (1993). <i>Turmoil and Triumph: My Years as Secretary of State</i> (Scribner's) p. 148. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-684-19325-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-684-19325-6">0-684-19325-6</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bayne, Nicholas; Putnam, Robert D. (2000). <i>Hanging in There</i>. Ashgate Pub Ltd. 230 pages. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/075461185X" title="Special:BookSources/075461185X">075461185X</a>. p. 20.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Farnsworth, Clyde H. (8 May 1977). "A Secret Society of Finance Ministers", <i>New York Times</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.g7germany.de/Content/EN/StatischeSeiten/G7_elmau_en/texte_en/2014-11-05-geschichte-g8.html#:~:text=The%20G7%20was%20born%20as%20a%20result%20of,and%20government%20to%20consult%20on%20international%20economic%20policy.">"G7 summit | The history of the G7"</a>. <i>www.g7germany.de</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210607115725/https://www.g7germany.de/Content/EN/StatischeSeiten/G7_elmau_en/texte_en/2014-11-05-geschichte-g8.html#:~:text=The%20G7%20was%20born%20as%20a%20result%20of,and%20government%20to%20consult%20on%20international%20economic%20policy.">Archived</a> from the original on 7 June 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.g7germany.de&rft.atitle=G7+summit+%7C+The+history+of+the+G7&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.g7germany.de%2FContent%2FEN%2FStatischeSeiten%2FG7_elmau_en%2Ftexte_en%2F2014-11-05-geschichte-g8.html%23%3A~%3Atext%3DThe%2520G7%2520was%2520born%2520as%2520a%2520result%2520of%2Cand%2520government%2520to%2520consult%2520on%2520international%2520economic%2520policy.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-evian-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-evian_19-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-evian_19-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-evian_19-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110420120547/http://www.g8.fr/evian/english/navigation/the_g8/questions_about_the_g8.html#question1">"Evian summit – Questions about the G8"</a>. Ministère des Affaires étrangères, Paris. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.g8.fr/evian/english/navigation/the_g8/questions_about_the_g8.html#question1">the original</a> on 20 April 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 March</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Evian+summit+%E2%80%93+Questions+about+the+G8&rft.pub=Minist%C3%A8re+des+Affaires+%C3%A9trang%C3%A8res%2C+Paris&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.g8.fr%2Fevian%2Fenglish%2Fnavigation%2Fthe_g8%2Fquestions_about_the_g8.html%23question1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mofa.go.jp/policy/economy/summit/2000/past_summit/01/e01_a.html#:~:text=DECLARATION%20OF%20RAMBOUILLET%20November%2017,%201975%20The%20heads,November%201975,%20and%20agreed%20to%20declare%20as%20follows:">"MOFA: Rambouillet Summit – Declaration of Rambouillet"</a>. <i>www.mofa.go.jp</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210612040121/https://www.mofa.go.jp/policy/economy/summit/2000/past_summit/01/e01_a.html#:~:text=DECLARATION%20OF%20RAMBOUILLET%20November%2017,%201975%20The%20heads,November%201975,%20and%20agreed%20to%20declare%20as%20follows:">Archived</a> from the original on 12 June 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.mofa.go.jp&rft.atitle=MOFA%3A+Rambouillet+Summit+%E2%80%93+Declaration+of+Rambouillet&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mofa.go.jp%2Fpolicy%2Feconomy%2Fsummit%2F2000%2Fpast_summit%2F01%2Fe01_a.html%23%3A~%3Atext%3DDECLARATION%2520OF%2520RAMBOUILLET%2520November%252017%2C%25201975%2520The%2520heads%2CNovember%25201975%2C%2520and%2520agreed%2520to%2520declare%2520as%2520follows%3A&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/g8-the-most-exclusive-club-in-the-world-feature/">The Canadian Encyclopedia – Canada and the G8</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180115154121/http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/g8-the-most-exclusive-club-in-the-world-feature/">Archived</a> 15 January 2018 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <i>G8: The Most Exclusive Club in the World</i>, Thomas S. Axworthy, <i>The Canadian Encyclopedia</i>, Historica Foundation of Canada, Toronto, Undated. Retrieved 23 July 2015.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-deljpn20060717-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-deljpn20060717_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071226041143/http://www.deljpn.ec.europa.eu/union/showpage_en_union.Harry.g8.php">"EU and the G8"</a>. European Union. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.deljpn.ec.europa.eu/union/showpage_en_union.Harry.g8.php">the original</a> on 26 December 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 July</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=EU+and+the+G8&rft.pub=European+Union&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.deljpn.ec.europa.eu%2Funion%2Fshowpage_en_union.Harry.g8.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchaefer,_Robert_K2005" class="citation book cs1">Schaefer, Robert K (2005). "Dollar Devaluations". <i>Understanding Globalization: The Social Consequences of Political, Economic, and Environmental Change</i>. Rowman and Littlefield. p. 346.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Dollar+Devaluations&rft.btitle=Understanding+Globalization%3A+The+Social+Consequences+of+Political%2C+Economic%2C+and+Environmental+Change&rft.pages=346&rft.pub=Rowman+and+Littlefield&rft.date=2005&rft.au=Schaefer%2C+Robert+K&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-autogenerated1-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated1_24-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated1_24-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated1_24-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2017/02/weodata/weoselgr.aspx">"Select Country or Country Groups"</a>. <i>www.imf.org</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171022143402/https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2017/02/weodata/weoselgr.aspx">Archived</a> from the original on 22 October 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 October</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.imf.org&rft.atitle=Select+Country+or+Country+Groups&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.imf.org%2Fexternal%2Fpubs%2Fft%2Fweo%2F2017%2F02%2Fweodata%2Fweoselgr.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170921085716/http://publications.credit-suisse.com/tasks/render/file/index.cfm?fileid=AD6F2B43-B17B-345E-E20A1A254A3E24A5">"Global Wealth Databook 2016"</a>. <i>Research Institute</i>. Credit Suisse. November 2016. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://publications.credit-suisse.com/tasks/render/file/index.cfm?fileid=AD6F2B43-B17B-345E-E20A1A254A3E24A5">the original</a> on 21 September 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 June</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Research+Institute&rft.atitle=Global+Wealth+Databook+2016&rft.date=2016-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpublications.credit-suisse.com%2Ftasks%2Frender%2Ffile%2Findex.cfm%3Ffileid%3DAD6F2B43-B17B-345E-E20A1A254A3E24A5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSmaleShear2014" class="citation news cs1">Smale, Alison; Shear, Michael D. (24 March 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2014/03/25/world/europe/obama-russia-crimea.html">"Russia Is Ousted From Group of 8 by U.S. and Allies"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200211015934/https://www.nytimes.com/2014/03/25/world/europe/obama-russia-crimea.html">Archived</a> from the original on 11 February 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Russia+Is+Ousted+From+Group+of+8+by+U.S.+and+Allies&rft.date=2014-03-24&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Smale&rft.aufirst=Alison&rft.au=Shear%2C+Michael+D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2014%2F03%2F25%2Fworld%2Feurope%2Fobama-russia-crimea.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CNN.com2-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CNN.com2_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cnn.com/2014/03/24/politics/obama-europe-trip/index.html">"U.S., other powers kick Russia out of G8"</a>. CNN.com. 24 March 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140325001401/http://www.cnn.com/2014/03/24/politics/obama-europe-trip/index.html">Archived</a> from the original on 25 March 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=U.S.%2C+other+powers+kick+Russia+out+of+G8&rft.date=2014-03-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2014%2F03%2F24%2Fpolitics%2Fobama-europe-trip%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.nationalpost.com/2014/03/24/there-is-no-g8-russia-suspended-from-exclusive-club-until-it-changes-course-group-of-seven-nations-says/">"Russia suspended from G8 over annexation of Crimea, Group of Seven nations says"</a>. <i>National Post</i>. 24 March 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230307000838/http://news.nationalpost.com/2014/03/24/there-is-no-g8-russia-suspended-from-exclusive-club-until-it-changes-course-group-of-seven-nations-says/">Archived</a> from the original on 7 March 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 December</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Post&rft.atitle=Russia+suspended+from+G8+over+annexation+of+Crimea%2C+Group+of+Seven+nations+says&rft.date=2014-03-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.nationalpost.com%2F2014%2F03%2F24%2Fthere-is-no-g8-russia-suspended-from-exclusive-club-until-it-changes-course-group-of-seven-nations-says%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/ukraine-crisis-g-7-leaders-cancel-g-8-summit-sochi-until-russia-changes-course-9213000.html">"Ukraine crisis: Russia is scathing about its G8 suspension"</a>. <i>The Independent</i>. 25 March 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210614165514/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/ukraine-crisis-g-7-leaders-cancel-g-8-summit-sochi-until-russia-changes-course-9213000.html">Archived</a> from the original on 14 June 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=Ukraine+crisis%3A+Russia+is+scathing+about+its+G8+suspension&rft.date=2014-03-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Feurope%2Fukraine-crisis-g-7-leaders-cancel-g-8-summit-sochi-until-russia-changes-course-9213000.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-russia-suspension2-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-russia-suspension2_30-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/politics/russia-g8-kremlin-crimea-ukraine-vladimir-putin-g7-g20-a7525836.html">"Russia just quit the G8 for good"</a>. <i>The Independent</i>. 13 January 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190904014814/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/politics/russia-g8-kremlin-crimea-ukraine-vladimir-putin-g7-g20-a7525836.html">Archived</a> from the original on 4 September 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 June</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=Russia+just+quit+the+G8+for+good&rft.date=2017-01-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Fpolitics%2Frussia-g8-kremlin-crimea-ukraine-vladimir-putin-g7-g20-a7525836.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.straitstimes.com/world/europe/russia-brushes-off-possibility-of-g-8-return">"Russia brushes off possibility of G-8 return"</a>. <i>The Straits Times</i>. 9 June 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210725040430/https://www.straitstimes.com/world/europe/russia-brushes-off-possibility-of-g-8-return">Archived</a> from the original on 25 July 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 June</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Straits+Times&rft.atitle=Russia+brushes+off+possibility+of+G-8+return&rft.date=2018-06-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.straitstimes.com%2Fworld%2Feurope%2Frussia-brushes-off-possibility-of-g-8-return&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFhermesauto2018" class="citation web cs1">hermesauto (9 June 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.straitstimes.com/world/europe/russia-brushes-off-possibility-of-g-8-return">"Russia brushes off possibility of G-8 return"</a>. <i>The Straits Times</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210725040430/https://www.straitstimes.com/world/europe/russia-brushes-off-possibility-of-g-8-return">Archived</a> from the original on 25 July 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Straits+Times&rft.atitle=Russia+brushes+off+possibility+of+G-8+return&rft.date=2018-06-09&rft.au=hermesauto&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.straitstimes.com%2Fworld%2Feurope%2Frussia-brushes-off-possibility-of-g-8-return&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto1-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto1_33-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto1_33-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.atlanticcouncil.org/programs/scowcroft-center-for-strategy-and-security/global-strategy-initiative/democratic-order-initiative/d-10-strategy-forum/">"D-10 Strategy Forum"</a>. Atlantic Council. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230326183115/https://www.atlanticcouncil.org/programs/scowcroft-center-for-strategy-and-security/global-strategy-initiative/democratic-order-initiative/d-10-strategy-forum/">Archived</a> from the original on 26 March 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=D-10+Strategy+Forum&rft.pub=Atlantic+Council&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.atlanticcouncil.org%2Fprograms%2Fscowcroft-center-for-strategy-and-security%2Fglobal-strategy-initiative%2Fdemocratic-order-initiative%2Fd-10-strategy-forum%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_34-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_34-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/politics/forget-the-g7-biden-needs-a-d-10-to-rally-the-democracies/ar-AAKWD4i">"Forget the G-7 – Biden needs a D-10 to rally the democracies"</a>. <i>www.msn.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210615040227/https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/politics/forget-the-g7-biden-needs-a-d-10-to-rally-the-democracies/ar-AAKWD4i">Archived</a> from the original on 15 June 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.msn.com&rft.atitle=Forget+the+G-7+%E2%80%93+Biden+needs+a+D-10+to+rally+the+democracies&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.msn.com%2Fen-us%2Fnews%2Fpolitics%2Fforget-the-g7-biden-needs-a-d-10-to-rally-the-democracies%2Far-AAKWD4i&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/russia-suggests-turkey-to-be-part-of-g7-146320">"Russia suggests Turkey to be part of G7"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/H%C3%BCrriyet_Daily_News" title="Hürriyet Daily News">Hürriyet Daily News</a></i>. 5 September 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240615122445/https://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/russia-suggests-turkey-to-be-part-of-g7-146320">Archived</a> from the original on 15 June 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=H%C3%BCrriyet+Daily+News&rft.atitle=Russia+suggests+Turkey+to+be+part+of+G7&rft.date=2019-09-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hurriyetdailynews.com%2Frussia-suggests-turkey-to-be-part-of-g7-146320&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/may/31/donald-trump-postpones-g7-summit-and-signals-wider-attendance-list-in-future">"Donald Trump postpones G7 summit and signals wider invitation list"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i>. 31 May 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200531012802/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/may/31/donald-trump-postpones-g7-summit-and-signals-wider-attendance-list-in-future">Archived</a> from the original on 31 May 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 May</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Donald+Trump+postpones+G7+summit+and+signals+wider+invitation+list&rft.date=2020-05-31&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2020%2Fmay%2F31%2Fdonald-trump-postpones-g7-summit-and-signals-wider-attendance-list-in-future&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.outlookindia.com/newsscroll/spoke-with-trump-about-entry-into-expanded-g7-bolsonaro/1853175">"Spoke with Trump about entry into expanded G7: Bolsonaro"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Outlook_(Gresham)" title="The Outlook (Gresham)">The Outlook</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211031133940/https://www.outlookindia.com/newsscroll/spoke-with-trump-about-entry-into-expanded-g7-bolsonaro/1853175">Archived</a> from the original on 31 October 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 June</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Outlook&rft.atitle=Spoke+with+Trump+about+entry+into+expanded+G7%3A+Bolsonaro&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.outlookindia.com%2Fnewsscroll%2Fspoke-with-trump-about-entry-into-expanded-g7-bolsonaro%2F1853175&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-52885178">"G7 leaders reject Russia's return after Trump summit invite"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a></i>. 2 June 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230527154813/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-52885178">Archived</a> from the original on 27 May 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC&rft.atitle=G7+leaders+reject+Russia%27s+return+after+Trump+summit+invite&rft.date=2020-06-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fworld-us-canada-52885178&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thedailyguardian.com/the-might-of-g7/">"The Might of G7"</a>. <i>TheDailyGuardian</i>. 14 June 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 June</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=TheDailyGuardian&rft.atitle=The+Might+of+G7&rft.date=2024-06-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthedailyguardian.com%2Fthe-might-of-g7%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ellyatt-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Ellyatt_40-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ellyatt_40-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEllyatt2021" class="citation web cs1">Ellyatt, Holly (10 June 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnbc.com/2021/06/10/the-g-7-summit-guide-to-everything-you-need-to-know.html">"G-7 summit: Here's a quick guide to everything you need to know"</a>. <i>CNBC</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210615035915/https://www.cnbc.com/2021/06/10/the-g-7-summit-guide-to-everything-you-need-to-know.html">Archived</a> from the original on 15 June 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CNBC&rft.atitle=G-7+summit%3A+Here%27s+a+quick+guide+to+everything+you+need+to+know&rft.date=2021-06-10&rft.aulast=Ellyatt&rft.aufirst=Holly&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnbc.com%2F2021%2F06%2F10%2Fthe-g-7-summit-guide-to-everything-you-need-to-know.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.challenges.fr/tribunes/l-espagne-peut-elle-integrer-le-g7_753386">"L'Espagne peut-elle intégrer le G7"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Challenges_(magazine)" title="Challenges (magazine)">Challenges</a></i> (in French). 2 March 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210302143429/https://www.challenges.fr/tribunes/l-espagne-peut-elle-integrer-le-g7_753386">Archived</a> from the original on 2 March 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 May</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Challenges&rft.atitle=L%27Espagne+peut-elle+int%C3%A9grer+le+G7&rft.date=2021-03-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.challenges.fr%2Ftribunes%2Fl-espagne-peut-elle-integrer-le-g7_753386&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.europapress.es/internacional/noticia-estados-unidos-apoya-entusiasmo-mayor-liderazgo-espana-nivel-internacional-20210325183824.html">"Estados Unidos "apoya con entusiasmo" un "mayor" liderazgo de España a nivel internacional"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Europa_Press_(news_agency)" class="mw-redirect" title="Europa Press (news agency)">Europa Press</a></i> (in Spanish). 25 February 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210709182048/https://www.europapress.es/internacional/noticia-estados-unidos-apoya-entusiasmo-mayor-liderazgo-espana-nivel-internacional-20210325183824.html">Archived</a> from the original on 9 July 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Europa+Press&rft.atitle=Estados+Unidos+%22apoya+con+entusiasmo%22+un+%22mayor%22+liderazgo+de+Espa%C3%B1a+a+nivel+internacional&rft.date=2021-02-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.europapress.es%2Finternacional%2Fnoticia-estados-unidos-apoya-entusiasmo-mayor-liderazgo-espana-nivel-internacional-20210325183824.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/india-invited-by-germany-for-g7-summit-in-june-470657">"India invited by Germany for G7 summit in June"</a>. <i>WION</i>. 13 April 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220424184101/https://www.wionews.com/india-news/india-invited-by-germany-for-g7-summit-in-june-470657">Archived</a> from the original on 24 April 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=WION&rft.atitle=India+invited+by+Germany+for+G7+summit+in+June&rft.date=2022-04-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wionews.com%2Findia-news%2Findia-invited-by-germany-for-g7-summit-in-june-470657&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNardelliNienaber2022" class="citation web cs1">Nardelli, Alberto; Nienaber, Michael (12 April 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-04-12/germany-may-snub-india-as-g-7-guest-over-russia-stance">"Germany Weighs Snubbing India as G-7 Guest Over Russia Stance"</a>. <i>Bloomberg</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220421063119/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-04-12/germany-may-snub-india-as-g-7-guest-over-russia-stance">Archived</a> from the original on 21 April 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 April</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Bloomberg&rft.atitle=Germany+Weighs+Snubbing+India+as+G-7+Guest+Over+Russia+Stance&rft.date=2022-04-12&rft.aulast=Nardelli&rft.aufirst=Alberto&rft.au=Nienaber%2C+Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fnews%2Farticles%2F2022-04-12%2Fgermany-may-snub-india-as-g-7-guest-over-russia-stance&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChaudhury" class="citation news cs1">Chaudhury, Dipanjan Roy. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/india/germany-isnt-considering-indias-exclusion-from-g-7-guest-list-source/articleshow/90833144.cms">"Germany isn't considering India's exclusion from G-7 guest list: Source"</a>. <i>The Economic Times</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220421103714/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/india/germany-isnt-considering-indias-exclusion-from-g-7-guest-list-source/articleshow/90833144.cms">Archived</a> from the original on 21 April 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Economic+Times&rft.atitle=Germany+isn%27t+considering+India%27s+exclusion+from+G-7+guest+list%3A+Source&rft.aulast=Chaudhury&rft.aufirst=Dipanjan+Roy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Feconomictimes.indiatimes.com%2Fnews%2Findia%2Fgermany-isnt-considering-indias-exclusion-from-g-7-guest-list-source%2Farticleshow%2F90833144.cms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2023/03/05/national/politics-diplomacy/south-korea-japan-package-agreement/">"Japan and South Korea eye package to resolve wartime labor row and other issues"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Japan_Times" title="The Japan Times">The Japan Times</a></i>. 5 March 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230305055829/https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2023/03/05/national/politics-diplomacy/south-korea-japan-package-agreement/">Archived</a> from the original on 5 March 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 March</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Japan+Times&rft.atitle=Japan+and+South+Korea+eye+package+to+resolve+wartime+labor+row+and+other+issues&rft.date=2023-03-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.japantimes.co.jp%2Fnews%2F2023%2F03%2F05%2Fnational%2Fpolitics-diplomacy%2Fsouth-korea-japan-package-agreement%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2023-02-19/japan-eyes-inviting-australia-india-to-g-7-summit-nhk-says">"Japan Eyes Inviting Australia, India to G-7 Summit, NHK Says"</a>. <i>Bloomberg</i>. 19 February 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240615122445/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2023-02-19/japan-eyes-inviting-australia-india-to-g-7-summit-nhk-says">Archived</a> from the original on 15 June 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 March</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bloomberg&rft.atitle=Japan+Eyes+Inviting+Australia%2C+India+to+G-7+Summit%2C+NHK+Says&rft.date=2023-02-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fnews%2Farticles%2F2023-02-19%2Fjapan-eyes-inviting-australia-india-to-g-7-summit-nhk-says&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNEWS" class="citation web cs1">NEWS, KYODO. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://english.kyodonews.net/news/2022/12/a2d313c9651a-japan-eyes-inviting-india-indonesia-to-g-7-summit-in-2023.html">"Japan eyes inviting India, Indonesia to G-7 summit in 2023"</a>. <i>Kyodo News+</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230305055819/https://english.kyodonews.net/news/2022/12/a2d313c9651a-japan-eyes-inviting-india-indonesia-to-g-7-summit-in-2023.html">Archived</a> from the original on 5 March 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 March</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Kyodo+News%2B&rft.atitle=Japan+eyes+inviting+India%2C+Indonesia+to+G-7+summit+in+2023&rft.aulast=NEWS&rft.aufirst=KYODO&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fenglish.kyodonews.net%2Fnews%2F2022%2F12%2Fa2d313c9651a-japan-eyes-inviting-india-indonesia-to-g-7-summit-in-2023.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-65630650">"G7 summit: Why there are eight more seats at the table this year"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 18 May 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20230607220646/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-65630650">Archived</a> from the original on 7 June 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=G7+summit%3A+Why+there+are+eight+more+seats+at+the+table+this+year&rft.date=2023-05-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fworld-asia-65630650&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mofa.go.jp/erp/c_see/ua/page4e_001361.html">"Japan-Ukraine Summit Meeting"</a>. <i>Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230322133005/https://www.mofa.go.jp/erp/c_see/ua/page4e_001361.html">Archived</a> from the original on 22 March 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ministry+of+Foreign+Affairs+of+Japan&rft.atitle=Japan-Ukraine+Summit+Meeting&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mofa.go.jp%2Ferp%2Fc_see%2Fua%2Fpage4e_001361.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.president.gov.ua/en/news/nam-potribne-globalne-liderstvo-demokratiyi-vistup-prezident-83053">"We need global leadership of democracy - President Volodymyr Zelenskyy's speech at the session of the G7 Summit and Ukraine"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_President_of_Ukraine" title="Office of the President of Ukraine">Office of the President of Ukraine</a></i>. 21 May 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Office+of+the+President+of+Ukraine&rft.atitle=We+need+global+leadership+of+democracy+-+President+Volodymyr+Zelenskyy%27s+speech+at+the+session+of+the+G7+Summit+and+Ukraine&rft.date=2023-05-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.president.gov.ua%2Fen%2Fnews%2Fnam-potribne-globalne-liderstvo-demokratiyi-vistup-prezident-83053&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://carnegieendowment.org/posts/2023/11/its-time-for-the-g9?lang=en">"It's Time for the G9"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Carnegie_Endowment_for_International_Peace" title="Carnegie Endowment for International Peace">Carnegie Endowment for International Peace</a></i>. 9 November 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Carnegie+Endowment+for+International+Peace&rft.atitle=It%27s+Time+for+the+G9&rft.date=2023-11-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcarnegieendowment.org%2Fposts%2F2023%2F11%2Fits-time-for-the-g9%3Flang%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bayne-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Bayne_53-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBayne1998" class="citation cs2">Bayne, Nicholas (1998), "International economic organizations : more policy making less autonomy", in Reinalda, Bob; Verbeek, Bertjan (eds.), <i>Autonomous Policymaking By International Organizations (Routledge/Ecpr Studies in European Political Science, 5)</i>, Routledge, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780415164863" title="Special:BookSources/9780415164863"><bdi>9780415164863</bdi></a>, <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/70763323">70763323</a>, <a href="/wiki/OL_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OL (identifier)">OL</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openlibrary.org/books/OL7484858M">7484858M</a>, 0415164869</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=International+economic+organizations+%3A+more+policy+making+less+autonomy&rft.btitle=Autonomous+Policymaking+By+International+Organizations+%28Routledge%2FEcpr+Studies+in+European+Political+Science%2C+5%29&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=1998&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F70763323&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fopenlibrary.org%2Fbooks%2FOL7484858M%23id-name%3DOL&rft.isbn=9780415164863&rft.aulast=Bayne&rft.aufirst=Nicholas&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-g7germany.de-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-g7germany.de_54-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-g7germany.de_54-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.g7germany.de/Content/EN/StatischeSeiten/G7_elmau_en/texte_en/2014-11-05-geschichte-g8.html#:~:text=The%20G7%20was%20born%20as%20a%20result%20of,and%20government%20to%20consult%20on%20international%20economic%20policy.">"G7 summit | The history of the G7"</a>. <i>www.g7germany.de</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210607115725/https://www.g7germany.de/Content/EN/StatischeSeiten/G7_elmau_en/texte_en/2014-11-05-geschichte-g8.html#:~:text=The%20G7%20was%20born%20as%20a%20result%20of,and%20government%20to%20consult%20on%20international%20economic%20policy.">Archived</a> from the original on 7 June 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.g7germany.de&rft.atitle=G7+summit+%7C+The+history+of+the+G7&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.g7germany.de%2FContent%2FEN%2FStatischeSeiten%2FG7_elmau_en%2Ftexte_en%2F2014-11-05-geschichte-g8.html%23%3A~%3Atext%3DThe%2520G7%2520was%2520born%2520as%2520a%2520result%2520of%2Cand%2520government%2520to%2520consult%2520on%2520international%2520economic%2520policy.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-meet-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-meet_55-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190216035833/http://www.g8.utoronto.ca/meetings.html">"G7/8 Ministerial Meetings and Documents"</a>. <i>G8 Information Centre</i>. University of Toronto. 2014. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.g8.utoronto.ca/meetings.html">the original</a> on 16 February 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 March</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=G8+Information+Centre&rft.atitle=G7%2F8+Ministerial+Meetings+and+Documents&rft.date=2014&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.g8.utoronto.ca%2Fmeetings.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFInternational_Money_Fund" class="citation web cs1">International Money Fund. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.imf.org/external/np/hipc/options/">"Debt Relief Under the Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) Initiative;Perspectives on the Current Framework and Options for Change"</a>. IMF.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190821024943/https://www.imf.org/external/np/hipc/options/">Archived</a> from the original on 21 August 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 March</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Debt+Relief+Under+the+Heavily+Indebted+Poor+Countries+%28HIPC%29+Initiative%3BPerspectives+on+the+Current+Framework+and+Options+for+Change&rft.pub=IMF.org&rft.au=International+Money+Fund&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.imf.org%2Fexternal%2Fnp%2Fhipc%2Foptions%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://time.com/5255663/chernobyl-disaster-book-anniversary/">"The True Cost of the Chernobyl Disaster Has Been Greater Than It Seems"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)">Time</a></i>. 26 April 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191107051853/https://time.com/5255663/chernobyl-disaster-book-anniversary/">Archived</a> from the original on 7 November 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 February</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time&rft.atitle=The+True+Cost+of+the+Chernobyl+Disaster+Has+Been+Greater+Than+It+Seems&rft.date=2018-04-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftime.com%2F5255663%2Fchernobyl-disaster-book-anniversary%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Van-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Van_58-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Van_58-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVan_Houtven2004" class="citation web cs1">Van Houtven, Leo (September 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/fandd/2004/09/pdf/vanhoutv.pdf">"Rethinking IMF Governance"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Finance & Development</i>. International Money Fund. p. 18. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190412082104/https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/fandd/2004/09/pdf/vanhoutv.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 12 April 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 March</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Finance+%26+Development&rft.atitle=Rethinking+IMF+Governance&rft.pages=18&rft.date=2004-09&rft.aulast=Van+Houtven&rft.aufirst=Leo&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.imf.org%2Fexternal%2Fpubs%2Fft%2Ffandd%2F2004%2F09%2Fpdf%2Fvanhoutv.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cnn.com/2009/US/09/24/us.g.twenty.summit/index.html">"Officials: G-20 to supplant G-8 as international economic council"</a>. <i>www.cnn.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121106233009/http://www.cnn.com/2009/US/09/24/us.g.twenty.summit/index.html">Archived</a> from the original on 6 November 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.cnn.com&rft.atitle=Officials%3A+G-20+to+supplant+G-8+as+international+economic+council&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2009%2FUS%2F09%2F24%2Fus.g.twenty.summit%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/4238045.stm">"G7 backs Africa debt relief plan"</a>. 5 February 2005. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190821024938/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/4238045.stm">Archived</a> from the original on 21 August 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 November</span> 2017</span> – via news.bbc.co.uk.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=G7+backs+Africa+debt+relief+plan&rft.date=2005-02-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Fbusiness%2F4238045.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBo_Nielsen2008" class="citation web cs1">Bo Nielsen (14 April 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601087&sid=aj_btjkBGNes&refer=home">"G7 Statement Fails to Convince Major Traders to Change Outlook"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Bloomberg_L.P." title="Bloomberg L.P.">Bloomberg L.P.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240615122446/https://www.bloomberg.com/politics?pid=20601087&refer=home&sid=aj_btjkBGNes">Archived</a> from the original on 15 June 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 March</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=G7+Statement+Fails+to+Convince+Major+Traders+to+Change+Outlook.&rft.pub=Bloomberg+L.P.&rft.date=2008-04-14&rft.au=Bo+Nielsen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fapps%2Fnews%3Fpid%3D20601087%26sid%3Daj_btjkBGNes%26refer%3Dhome&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSimon_Kennedy2008" class="citation web cs1">Simon Kennedy (10 October 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601068&sid=ar19H3Xe0d7o&refer=economy">"G7 Against the Wall – Weighs Loan-Guarantee Plan (Update1)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Bloomberg_L.P." title="Bloomberg L.P.">Bloomberg L.P.</a><span class="reference-accessdate"> Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 March</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=G7+Against+the+Wall+%E2%80%93+Weighs+Loan-Guarantee+Plan+%28Update1%29&rft.pub=Bloomberg+L.P.&rft.date=2008-10-10&rft.au=Simon+Kennedy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fapps%2Fnews%3Fpid%3D20601068%26sid%3Dar19H3Xe0d7o%26refer%3Deconomy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090216193905/http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20090214/ap_on_re_eu/eu_italy_g7">"Yahoo.com"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20090214/ap_on_re_eu/eu_italy_g7">the original</a> on 16 February 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Yahoo.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.yahoo.com%2Fs%2Fap%2F20090214%2Fap_on_re_eu%2Feu_italy_g7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://money.cnn.com/2008/10/10/news/economy/g7/">"All eyes on G-7 to address global financial crisis"</a>. <i>money.cnn.com</i>. 10 October 2008. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210615040228/https://money.cnn.com/2008/10/10/news/economy/g7/">Archived</a> from the original on 15 June 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=money.cnn.com&rft.atitle=All+eyes+on+G-7+to+address+global+financial+crisis&rft.date=2008-10-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmoney.cnn.com%2F2008%2F10%2F10%2Fnews%2Feconomy%2Fg7%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-O'Grady-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-O'Grady_65-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFO'Grady2008" class="citation news cs1">O'Grady, Sean (11 October 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/g7-pledges-action-to-save-banks-957870.html">"G7 pledges action to save banks"</a>. <i>The Independent</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170810104231/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/g7-pledges-action-to-save-banks-957870.html">Archived</a> from the original on 10 August 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 June</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=G7+pledges+action+to+save+banks&rft.date=2008-10-11&rft.aulast=O%27Grady&rft.aufirst=Sean&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fbusiness%2Fnews%2Fg7-pledges-action-to-save-banks-957870.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/business/2008/oct/11/banking-globaleconomy">"G7 agrees global rescue plan"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>. 10 October 2008. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210615040235/https://www.theguardian.com/business/2008/oct/11/banking-globaleconomy">Archived</a> from the original on 15 June 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=G7+agrees+global+rescue+plan&rft.date=2008-10-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fbusiness%2F2008%2Foct%2F11%2Fbanking-globaleconomy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210323151334/https://worldview.stratfor.com/article/geopolitical-diary-g7s-response-financial-crisis">"Geopolitical Diary: The G7's Response to the Financial Crisis"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Stratfor" title="Stratfor">Stratfor</a></i>. 16 February 2009. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://worldview.stratfor.com/article/geopolitical-diary-g7s-response-financial-crisis">the original</a> on 23 March 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Stratfor&rft.atitle=Geopolitical+Diary%3A+The+G7%27s+Response+to+the+Financial+Crisis&rft.date=2009-02-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fworldview.stratfor.com%2Farticle%2Fgeopolitical-diary-g7s-response-financial-crisis&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGoodman2021" class="citation journal cs1">Goodman, Matthew P. (27 May 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.csis.org/analysis/g7-tests">"The G7 Tests"</a>. <i>www.csis.org</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210615040242/https://www.csis.org/analysis/g7-tests">Archived</a> from the original on 15 June 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=www.csis.org&rft.atitle=The+G7+Tests&rft.date=2021-05-27&rft.aulast=Goodman&rft.aufirst=Matthew+P.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.csis.org%2Fanalysis%2Fg7-tests&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nuclearnetwork.csis.org/from-the-g8-to-the-g7-russias-new-role-in-nonproliferation/">"From the G8 to the G7: Russia's (New?) Role in Nonproliferation"</a>. <i>Nuclear Network</i>. 25 July 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210615040228/https://nuclearnetwork.csis.org/from-the-g8-to-the-g7-russias-new-role-in-nonproliferation/">Archived</a> from the original on 15 June 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Nuclear+Network&rft.atitle=From+the+G8+to+the+G7%3A+Russia%27s+%28New%3F%29+Role+in+Nonproliferation&rft.date=2014-07-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnuclearnetwork.csis.org%2Ffrom-the-g8-to-the-g7-russias-new-role-in-nonproliferation%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-toro-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-toro_70-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-toro_70-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190821024939/http://www.g8.utoronto.ca/summit/2014sochi/ukraine_140302.html">"Statement by G7 Nations"</a>. <i>G8 Info Ctr</i>. University of Toronto. 2 March 2014. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.g8.utoronto.ca/summit/2014sochi/ukraine_140302.html">the original</a> on 21 August 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 March</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=G8+Info+Ctr&rft.atitle=Statement+by+G7+Nations&rft.date=2014-03-02&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.g8.utoronto.ca%2Fsummit%2F2014sochi%2Fukraine_140302.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cbc.ca/news/world/g7-leaders-descend-on-the-netherlands-for-ukraine-crisis-talks-1.2583287">"G7 leaders descend on the Netherlands for Ukraine crisis talks"</a>. <i>CBC news</i>. Thomson Reuters. 23 March 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190408034216/https://www.cbc.ca/news/world/g7-leaders-descend-on-the-netherlands-for-ukraine-crisis-talks-1.2583287">Archived</a> from the original on 8 April 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 March</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CBC+news&rft.atitle=G7+leaders+descend+on+the+Netherlands+for+Ukraine+crisis+talks&rft.date=2014-03-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbc.ca%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Fg7-leaders-descend-on-the-netherlands-for-ukraine-crisis-talks-1.2583287&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bbc201406-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-bbc201406_72-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bbc201406_72-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBBC2014" class="citation web cs1">BBC (5 June 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-27707518">"G7 leaders warn Russia of fresh sanctions over Ukraine"</a>. BBC. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190823101440/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-27707518">Archived</a> from the original on 23 August 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 July</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=G7+leaders+warn+Russia+of+fresh+sanctions+over+Ukraine&rft.pub=BBC&rft.date=2014-06-05&rft.au=BBC&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fworld-europe-27707518&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_73-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_73-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usnews.com/news/world/articles/2021-06-13/g7-demand-action-from-russia-on-cybercrimes-and-chemical-weapon-use">"G7 Demand Action From Russia on Cybercrimes and Chemical Weapon Use"</a>. Reuters. 13 June 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210615040234/https://www.usnews.com/news/world/articles/2021-06-13/g7-demand-action-from-russia-on-cybercrimes-and-chemical-weapon-use">Archived</a> from the original on 15 June 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=G7+Demand+Action+From+Russia+on+Cybercrimes+and+Chemical+Weapon+Use&rft.date=2021-06-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usnews.com%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Farticles%2F2021-06-13%2Fg7-demand-action-from-russia-on-cybercrimes-and-chemical-weapon-use&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nato.int/cps/en/natohq/photos_193850.htm?selectedLocale=en">"NATO hosts meeting of G7 Leaders"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">NATO</a></i>. 24 March 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220405034452/https://www.nato.int/cps/en/natohq/photos_193850.htm?selectedLocale=en">Archived</a> from the original on 5 April 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 March</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NATO&rft.atitle=NATO+hosts+meeting+of+G7+Leaders&rft.date=2022-03-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nato.int%2Fcps%2Fen%2Fnatohq%2Fphotos_193850.htm%3FselectedLocale%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nato.int/cps/en/natohq/news_193670.htm">"NATO hosts meeting of G7 Leaders (revised)"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">NATO</a></i>. 24 March 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220405034452/https://www.nato.int/cps/en/natohq/news_193670.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 5 April 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 March</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NATO&rft.atitle=NATO+hosts+meeting+of+G7+Leaders+%28revised%29&rft.date=2022-03-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nato.int%2Fcps%2Fen%2Fnatohq%2Fnews_193670.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDewan2024" class="citation news cs1">Dewan, Angela (30 April 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://edition.cnn.com/2024/04/29/climate/g7-end-coal-fossil-fuels-climate-intl/index.html">"The world's most advanced economies just agreed to end coal use by 2035 – with a catch"</a>. CNN. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240615122446/https://edition.cnn.com/2024/04/29/climate/g7-end-coal-fossil-fuels-climate-intl/index.html">Archived</a> from the original on 15 June 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 May</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+world%27s+most+advanced+economies+just+agreed+to+end+coal+use+by+2035+%E2%80%93+with+a+catch&rft.date=2024-04-30&rft.aulast=Dewan&rft.aufirst=Angela&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fedition.cnn.com%2F2024%2F04%2F29%2Fclimate%2Fg7-end-coal-fossil-fuels-climate-intl%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAmbrose2024" class="citation news cs1">Ambrose, Jillian (30 April 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2024/apr/30/g7-agree-to-end-use-of-unabated-coal-power-plants-by-2035">"G7 agree to end use of unabated coal power plants by 2035"</a>. The Guardian. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240615122446/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2024/apr/30/g7-agree-to-end-use-of-unabated-coal-power-plants-by-2035">Archived</a> from the original on 15 June 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 May</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=G7+agree+to+end+use+of+unabated+coal+power+plants+by+2035&rft.date=2024-04-30&rft.aulast=Ambrose&rft.aufirst=Jillian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2024%2Fapr%2F30%2Fg7-agree-to-end-use-of-unabated-coal-power-plants-by-2035&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-g7-summit-mercosur-idUSKCN1VE0ON/">"Britain joins Germany in criticizing Macron's Mercosur threat"</a>. Thomson Reuters. 25 August 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221022220113/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-g7-summit-mercosur-idUSKCN1VE0ON">Archived</a> from the original on 22 October 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Britain+joins+Germany+in+criticizing+Macron%27s+Mercosur+threat&rft.date=2019-08-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-g7-summit-mercosur-idUSKCN1VE0ON%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-feldman1-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-feldman1_79-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFeldman2008" class="citation journal cs1">Feldman, Adam (7 July 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080803031809/http://www.forbes.com/opinions/2008/07/05/problems-unity-progress-oped-cx_af_summit08_0707feldman.html">"What's Wrong with the G-8"</a>. <i>Forbes</i>. New York. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.forbes.com/opinions/2008/07/05/problems-unity-progress-oped-cx_af_summit08_0707feldman.html">the original</a> on 3 August 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Forbes&rft.atitle=What%27s+Wrong+with+the+G-8&rft.date=2008-07-07&rft.aulast=Feldman&rft.aufirst=Adam&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.forbes.com%2Fopinions%2F2008%2F07%2F05%2Fproblems-unity-progress-oped-cx_af_summit08_0707feldman.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hajnal, Peter I. (1999). <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Bi5JO7FFk7UC&pg=PA30"></a></i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Bi5JO7FFk7UC&pg=PA30">The G8 System and the G20: Evolution, Role and Documentation<i>, p. 30.</i></a>, p. 30, at <a href="/wiki/Google_Books" title="Google Books">Google Books</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.g7italy.it/cose-g7">G7 Italy 2017</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190407164003/http://www.g7italy.it/cose-g7/">Archived</a> 7 April 2019 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Italian official website, 2017</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ministers-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ministers_82-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211210213243/https://www.g7uk.org/ministerial-meetings-engagement-groups/">"Ministerial Meetings & Engagement Groups"</a>. <i>G7 UK Presidency 2021</i>. 2021. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.g7uk.org/ministerial-meetings-engagement-groups/">the original</a> on 10 December 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=G7+UK+Presidency+2021&rft.atitle=Ministerial+Meetings+%26+Engagement+Groups&rft.date=2021&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.g7uk.org%2Fministerial-meetings-engagement-groups%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tg24.sky.it/mondo/2018/06/10/g7-canada-trump.html">"G7, Trump non-accetta il documento finale. Merkel: "Ritiro deprimente" – Sky TG24"</a> (in Italian). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180612184532/https://tg24.sky.it/mondo/2018/06/10/g7-canada-trump.html">Archived</a> from the original on 12 June 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 June</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=G7%2C+Trump+non-accetta+il+documento+finale.+Merkel%3A+%22Ritiro+deprimente%22+%E2%80%93+Sky+TG24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftg24.sky.it%2Fmondo%2F2018%2F06%2F10%2Fg7-canada-trump.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto_84-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto_84-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-g7-summit-communique-text/the-charlevoix-g7-summit-communique-idUSKCN1J5107">"The Charlevoix G7 Summit Communique"</a>. <i>Reuters</i>. 9 June 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210116004828/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-g7-summit-communique-text/the-charlevoix-g7-summit-communique-idUSKCN1J5107">Archived</a> from the original on 16 January 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 June</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=The+Charlevoix+G7+Summit+Communique&rft.date=2018-06-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-g7-summit-communique-text%2Fthe-charlevoix-g7-summit-communique-idUSKCN1J5107&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-shabecoff-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-shabecoff_85-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-shabecoff_85-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Shabecoff, Philip. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1976/06/29/archives/goslow-policies-urged-by-leaders-in-economic-talks-closing.html?sq=+presidentn+Ford++Puerto+Rico+&scp=7&st=p">"Go-Slow Policies Urged by Leaders in Economic Talks; Closing Statement Calls for Sustained Growth Coupled With Curbs on Inflation; Ford's Aims Realized; 7 Heads of Government Also Agree to Consider a New Body to Assist Italy Co-Slow Economic Policies Urged by 7 Leaders"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180722191206/https://www.nytimes.com/1976/06/29/archives/goslow-policies-urged-by-leaders-in-economic-talks-closing.html?sq=+presidentn+Ford++Puerto+Rico+&scp=7&st=p">Archived</a> 22 July 2018 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <i>The New York Times</i>. 29 June 1976; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aboutusa.japan.usembassy.gov/e/jusa-usj-chronology.html">Chronology, June 1976.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100715203839/http://aboutusa.japan.usembassy.gov/e/jusa-usj-chronology.html">Archived</a> 15 July 2010 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-G8_paper-86"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-G8_paper_86-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-G8_paper_86-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-G8_paper_86-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-G8_paper_86-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-G8_paper_86-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-G8_paper_86-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-G8_paper_86-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-G8_paper_86-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-G8_paper_86-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Kirton, John. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.g8.utoronto.ca/scholar/kirton-performance-080717.pdf">"A Summit of Substantial Success: The Performance of the 2008 G8"; pp. 88, 89</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081001220104/http://www.g8.utoronto.ca/scholar/kirton-performance-080717.pdf">Archived</a> 1 October 2008 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <i>G8 Information Centre – University of Toronto</i> 17 July 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/7506609.stm">Italy officials convicted over G8</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110906064235/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/7506609.stm">Archived</a> 6 September 2011 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, BBC News, 15 July 2008</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">David Miller <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.zmag.org/znet/viewArticle/6279">"Spinning the G8"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090528184428/http://www.zmag.org/znet/viewArticle/6279">Archived</a> 28 May 2009 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Zednet, 13 May 2005.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160808230903/http://runninginheels.com/articles/berlusconi-proposes-relocation-of-g8-summit-to-laquila/">"Berlusconi Proposes Relocation of G8 Summit to L'Aquila"</a>. Running in heels. 24 April 2009. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://runninginheels.com/articles/berlusconi-proposes-relocation-of-g8-summit-to-laquila/">the original</a> on 8 August 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 June</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Berlusconi+Proposes+Relocation+of+G8+Summit+to+L%27Aquila&rft.pub=Running+in+heels&rft.date=2009-04-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Frunninginheels.com%2Farticles%2Fberlusconi-proposes-relocation-of-g8-summit-to-laquila%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100406013349/http://www.g8italia2009.it/G8/Home/Summit/Partecipanti/G8-G8_Layout_locale-1199882116809_AltriPaesi.htm">"G8 Summit 2009 – official website – Other Countries"</a>. G8italia2009.it. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.g8italia2009.it/G8/Home/Summit/Partecipanti/G8-G8_Layout_locale-1199882116809_AltriPaesi.htm">the original</a> on 6 April 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 February</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=G8+Summit+2009+%E2%80%93+official+website+%E2%80%93+Other+Countries&rft.pub=G8italia2009.it&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.g8italia2009.it%2FG8%2FHome%2FSummit%2FPartecipanti%2FG8-G8_Layout_locale-1199882116809_AltriPaesi.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100406013354/http://www.g8italia2009.it/G8/Home/Summit/Partecipanti/G8-G8_Layout_locale-1199882116809_OrganizzazioniInternazionali.htm">"G8 Summit 2009 – official website – International Organizations"</a>. G8italia2009.it. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.g8italia2009.it/G8/Home/Summit/Partecipanti/G8-G8_Layout_locale-1199882116809_OrganizzazioniInternazionali.htm">the original</a> on 6 April 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 February</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=G8+Summit+2009+%E2%80%93+official+website+%E2%80%93+International+Organizations&rft.pub=G8italia2009.it&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.g8italia2009.it%2FG8%2FHome%2FSummit%2FPartecipanti%2FG8-G8_Layout_locale-1199882116809_OrganizzazioniInternazionali.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-92">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100705022011/http://www.g8.utoronto.ca/evaluations/2010muskoka/2010plans/2010-g8plans-100623.pdf">"Canada's G8 Plans"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.g8.utoronto.ca/evaluations/2010muskoka/2010plans/2010-g8plans-100623.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 5 July 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 June</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Canada%27s+G8+Plans&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.g8.utoronto.ca%2Fevaluations%2F2010muskoka%2F2010plans%2F2010-g8plans-100623.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-93">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100208043545/http://www.pm.gc.ca/eng/media.asp?id=2155">"Prime Minister of Canada: Prime Minister announces Canada to host 2010 G8 Summit in Huntsville"</a>. Pm.gc.ca. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pm.gc.ca/eng/media.asp?id=2155">the original</a> on 8 February 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 February</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Prime+Minister+of+Canada%3A+Prime+Minister+announces+Canada+to+host+2010+G8+Summit+in+Huntsville&rft.pub=Pm.gc.ca&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpm.gc.ca%2Feng%2Fmedia.asp%3Fid%3D2155&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.g8.utoronto.ca/summit/2010muskoka/delegations.html">Participants at the 2010 Muskoka Summit</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150924020504/http://www.g8.utoronto.ca/summit/2010muskoka/delegations.html">Archived</a> 24 September 2015 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. G8 Information Centre. Retrieved 29 June 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-95">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lepoint.fr/societe/le-prochain-g20-aura-lieu-a-cannes-12-11-2010-1261419_23.php">"Le prochain G20 aura lieu à Cannes"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150319015035/http://www.lepoint.fr/societe/le-prochain-g20-aura-lieu-a-cannes-12-11-2010-1261419_23.php">Archived</a> 19 March 2015 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <i>Le point</i>. 12 November 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.g20-g8.com/g8-g20/g8/english/the-2011-summit/host-city/the-city-of-deauville/the-city-of-deauville.739.html">The City of Deauville</a> <i>Official 2011 G8 website</i>. Retrieved 7 February 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120319170128/http://www.g20-g8.com/g8-g20/g8/english/the-2011-summit/host-city/the-city-of-deauville/the-city-of-deauville.739.html">Archived</a> 19 March 2012 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-97">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKirton2011" class="citation web cs1">Kirton, John (26 May 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110804010039/http://www.g8.utoronto.ca/evaluations/2011deauville/kirton-prospects-110526.html">"Prospects for the 2011 G8 Deauville Summit"</a>. <i>G8 Information Centre</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.g8.utoronto.ca/evaluations/2011deauville/kirton-prospects-110526.html">the original</a> on 4 August 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 May</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=G8+Information+Centre&rft.atitle=Prospects+for+the+2011+G8+Deauville+Summit&rft.date=2011-05-26&rft.aulast=Kirton&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.g8.utoronto.ca%2Fevaluations%2F2011deauville%2Fkirton-prospects-110526.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-98">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130406090844/http://www.g8.utoronto.ca/whatsnew/2012location-change.html">"2012 G8 Summit Relocation"</a>. G8.utoronto.ca. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.g8.utoronto.ca/whatsnew/2012location-change.html">the original</a> on 6 April 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 March</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=2012+G8+Summit+Relocation&rft.pub=G8.utoronto.ca&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.g8.utoronto.ca%2Fwhatsnew%2F2012location-change.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-99"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-99">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://chicago.cbslocal.com/2012/03/05/g8-summit-moved-to-camp-david/">"White House Moves G8 Summit From Chicago To Camp David"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/WBBM-TV" title="WBBM-TV">CBS Chicago</a></i>. 5 March 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140328224647/http://chicago.cbslocal.com/2012/03/05/g8-summit-moved-to-camp-david/">Archived</a> from the original on 28 March 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 March</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CBS+Chicago&rft.atitle=White+House+Moves+G8+Summit+From+Chicago+To+Camp+David&rft.date=2012-03-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fchicago.cbslocal.com%2F2012%2F03%2F05%2Fg8-summit-moved-to-camp-david%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-100">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-20408441">"BBC News – Lough Erne resort in Fermanagh to host G8 summit"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. Bbc.co.uk. 20 November 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180618181805/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-20408441">Archived</a> from the original on 18 June 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 March</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=BBC+News+%E2%80%93+Lough+Erne+resort+in+Fermanagh+to+host+G8+summit&rft.date=2012-11-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk-northern-ireland-20408441&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-101"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-101">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-22957599">"As it happened: G8 summit"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130618180256/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-22957599">Archived</a> from the original on 18 June 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 June</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=As+it+happened%3A+G8+summit&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld-europe-22957599&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-102"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-102">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scotsman.com/news/politics/top-stories/russia-out-in-the-cold-after-suspension-from-the-g8-1-3345503">"Russia out in the cold after suspension from the G8"</a>. <i>The Scotsman</i>. 18 March 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140323224546/http://www.scotsman.com/news/politics/top-stories/russia-out-in-the-cold-after-suspension-from-the-g8-1-3345503">Archived</a> from the original on 23 March 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 March</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Scotsman&rft.atitle=Russia+out+in+the+cold+after+suspension+from+the+G8&rft.date=2014-03-18&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scotsman.com%2Fnews%2Fpolitics%2Ftop-stories%2Frussia-out-in-the-cold-after-suspension-from-the-g8-1-3345503&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-103">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/news/articles/SB10001424052702303949704579458753312382992?mg=reno64-wsj&url=http%3A%2F%2Fonline.wsj.com%2Farticle%2FSB10001424052702303949704579458753312382992.html">"G-7 Agrees to Exclude Russia, Increase Sanctions/World Powers to Meet in Brussels in June Without Russia"</a>. <i>The Wall Street Journal</i>. 25 March 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170401060630/https://www.wsj.com/news/articles/SB10001424052702303949704579458753312382992?mg=reno64-wsj&url=http%3A%2F%2Fonline.wsj.com%2Farticle%2FSB10001424052702303949704579458753312382992.html">Archived</a> from the original on 1 April 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 March</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=G-7+Agrees+to+Exclude+Russia%2C+Increase+Sanctions%2FWorld+Powers+to+Meet+in+Brussels+in+June+Without+Russia&rft.date=2014-03-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Fnews%2Farticles%2FSB10001424052702303949704579458753312382992%3Fmg%3Dreno64-wsj%26url%3Dhttp%253A%252F%252Fonline.wsj.com%252Farticle%252FSB10001424052702303949704579458753312382992.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-104"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-104">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20140123171618/http://www.washingtonpost.com/business/germany-to-hold-2015-g8-summit-at-alpine-spa/2014/01/23/66783558-842a-11e3-a273-6ffd9cf9f4ba_story.html">"Germany to hold 2015 G8 summit at Alpine spa"</a>. <i>The Washington Post</i>. 23 January 2014. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/germany-to-hold-2015-g8-summit-at-alpine-spa/2014/01/23/66783558-842a-11e3-a273-6ffd9cf9f4ba_story.html">the original</a> on 23 January 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Germany+to+hold+2015+G8+summit+at+Alpine+spa&rft.date=2014-01-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fbusiness%2Fgermany-to-hold-2015-g8-summit-at-alpine-spa%2F2014%2F01%2F23%2F66783558-842a-11e3-a273-6ffd9cf9f4ba_story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-105"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-105">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.g7germany.de/Webs/G7/EN/G7-Gipfel_en/Agenda_en/agenda_node.html">"German G7 presidency – Key topics for the summit announced"</a>. 19 November 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150606033641/https://www.g7germany.de/Webs/G7/EN/G7-Gipfel_en/Agenda_en/agenda_node.html">Archived</a> from the original on 6 June 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 April</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=German+G7+presidency+%E2%80%93+Key+topics+for+the+summit+announced&rft.date=2014-11-19&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.g7germany.de%2FWebs%2FG7%2FEN%2FG7-Gipfel_en%2FAgenda_en%2Fagenda_node.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-106"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-106">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCarrington" class="citation news cs1">Carrington, Damian. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2015/jun/02/apollo-programme-for-clean-energy-needed-to-tackle-climate-change">"Global Apollo programme seeks to make clean energy cheaper than coal"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i>. No. 2 June 2015. <a href="/wiki/Guardian_News_Media" class="mw-redirect" title="Guardian News Media">Guardian News Media</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191216031318/https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2015/jun/02/apollo-programme-for-clean-energy-needed-to-tackle-climate-change">Archived</a> from the original on 16 December 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 June</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Global+Apollo+programme+seeks+to+make+clean+energy+cheaper+than+coal&rft.issue=2+June+2015&rft.aulast=Carrington&rft.aufirst=Damian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fenvironment%2F2015%2Fjun%2F02%2Fapollo-programme-for-clean-energy-needed-to-tackle-climate-change&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-107"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-107">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150630031609/http://www.prepsure.com/news/japan-announced-to-host-g7-summit-in-2016-in-shima/">"Japan announced to host G7 summit in 2016 in Shima"</a>. <i>prepsure.com</i>. 23 June 2015. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.prepsure.com/news/japan-announced-to-host-g7-summit-in-2016-in-shima/">the original</a> on 30 June 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 June</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=prepsure.com&rft.atitle=Japan+announced+to+host+G7+summit+in+2016+in+Shima&rft.date=2015-06-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.prepsure.com%2Fnews%2Fjapan-announced-to-host-g7-summit-in-2016-in-shima%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-108"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-108">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ndtv.com/world-news/japan-announces-dates-for-g7-summit-in-2016-774332">"Japan Announces Dates for G7 Summit in 2016"</a>. <i>NDTV</i>. 23 June 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221207235432/https://www.ndtv.com/world-news/japan-announces-dates-for-g7-summit-in-2016-774332">Archived</a> from the original on 7 December 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 June</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NDTV&rft.atitle=Japan+Announces+Dates+for+G7+Summit+in+2016&rft.date=2015-06-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ndtv.com%2Fworld-news%2Fjapan-announces-dates-for-g7-summit-in-2016-774332&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-109"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-109">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150605093012/http://www3.nhk.or.jp/news/html/20150605/k10010104641000.html">"来年のサミット三重県志摩市で開催へ (Next Year's Summit To Be Held in Shima City, Mie Prefecture)"</a> (in Japanese). 5 June 2015. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www3.nhk.or.jp/news/html/20150605/k10010104641000.html">the original</a> on 5 June 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 June</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%E6%9D%A5%E5%B9%B4%E3%81%AE%E3%82%B5%E3%83%9F%E3%83%83%E3%83%88+%E4%B8%89%E9%87%8D%E7%9C%8C%E5%BF%97%E6%91%A9%E5%B8%82%E3%81%A7%E9%96%8B%E5%82%AC%E3%81%B8+%28Next+Year%27s+Summit+To+Be+Held+in+Shima+City%2C+Mie+Prefecture%29&rft.date=2015-06-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww3.nhk.or.jp%2Fnews%2Fhtml%2F20150605%2Fk10010104641000.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-110"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-110">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAsthana2016" class="citation news cs1">Asthana, Anushka (27 May 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2016/may/27/brexit-would-pose-a-serious-risk-to-global-growth-say-g7-leaders">"Brexit would pose 'serious risk' to global growth, say G7 leaders"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160527100225/http://www.theguardian.com/politics/2016/may/27/brexit-would-pose-a-serious-risk-to-global-growth-say-g7-leaders">Archived</a> from the original on 27 May 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 May</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Brexit+would+pose+%27serious+risk%27+to+global+growth%2C+say+G7+leaders&rft.date=2016-05-27&rft.aulast=Asthana&rft.aufirst=Anushka&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fpolitics%2F2016%2Fmay%2F27%2Fbrexit-would-pose-a-serious-risk-to-global-growth-say-g7-leaders&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-111"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-111">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rainews.it/dl/rainews/articoli/Renzi-il-G7-del-2017-vorremmo-farlo-in-Sicilia-e-una-scelta-di-politica-culturale-Il-presidente-del-Consiglio-al-G7-in-Giappone-1147181c-342e-40b5-8774-2a197e087cc4.html">"Renzi announces to host G7 summit in 2017 in Taormina"</a>. <i>RaiNews24</i>. 26 May 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210405175921/https://www.rainews.it/dl/rainews/articoli/Renzi-il-G7-del-2017-vorremmo-farlo-in-Sicilia-e-una-scelta-di-politica-culturale-Il-presidente-del-Consiglio-al-G7-in-Giappone-1147181c-342e-40b5-8774-2a197e087cc4.html">Archived</a> from the original on 5 April 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 May</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=RaiNews24&rft.atitle=Renzi+announces+to+host+G7+summit+in+2017+in+Taormina&rft.date=2016-05-26&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rainews.it%2Fdl%2Frainews%2Farticoli%2FRenzi-il-G7-del-2017-vorremmo-farlo-in-Sicilia-e-una-scelta-di-politica-culturale-Il-presidente-del-Consiglio-al-G7-in-Giappone-1147181c-342e-40b5-8774-2a197e087cc4.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-112"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-112">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRedazione2016" class="citation web cs1">Redazione (1 April 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.blogtaormina.it/2016/04/01/g7-taormina-ufficiale-renzi-chiama-boston-sindaco-giardina-vertice-si-fara-nella-perla/221255">"G7 a Taormina, è ufficiale. Renzi chiama da Boston il sindaco Giardina: "Il vertice si farà nella Perla"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210405175930/http://www.blogtaormina.it/2016/04/01/g7-taormina-ufficiale-renzi-chiama-boston-sindaco-giardina-vertice-si-fara-nella-perla/221255/">Archived</a> from the original on 5 April 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 April</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=G7+a+Taormina%2C+%C3%A8+ufficiale.+Renzi+chiama+da+Boston+il+sindaco+Giardina%3A+%22Il+vertice+si+far%C3%A0+nella+Perla%22&rft.date=2016-04-01&rft.au=Redazione&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blogtaormina.it%2F2016%2F04%2F01%2Fg7-taormina-ufficiale-renzi-chiama-boston-sindaco-giardina-vertice-si-fara-nella-perla%2F221255&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Come_funziona_il_G7-113"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Come_funziona_il_G7_113-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Come_funziona_il_G7_113-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Come_funziona_il_G7_113-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Come_funziona_il_G7_113-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.g7italy.it/cose-g7">"Come funziona il G7?"</a>. <i>www.g7italy.it</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190407164003/http://www.g7italy.it/cose-g7/">Archived</a> from the original on 7 April 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 November</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.g7italy.it&rft.atitle=Come+funziona+il+G7%3F&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.g7italy.it%2Fcose-g7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-114"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-114">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.g7italy.it/sites/default/files/documents/G7%20Taormina%20Leaders%27%20Communique_27052017_0.pdf">"G7 Taormina Leaders' Communiqué"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. G7 Italy 2017. 27 May 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170527232221/http://www.g7italy.it/sites/default/files/documents/G7%20Taormina%20Leaders%27%20Communique_27052017_0.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 27 May 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 June</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=G7+Taormina+Leaders%27+Communiqu%C3%A9&rft.pub=G7+Italy+2017&rft.date=2017-05-27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.g7italy.it%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Fdocuments%2FG7%2520Taormina%2520Leaders%2527%2520Communique_27052017_0.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-gcnews-115"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-gcnews_115-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pm.gc.ca/eng/news/2017/05/27/canada-host-2018-g7-summit-charlevoix-quebec">"Canada to host 2018 G7 Summit in Charlevoix, Quebec"</a>. <i>pm.gc.ca</i>. <a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_Prime_Minister_(Canada)" title="Office of the Prime Minister (Canada)">Prime Minister of Canada</a>. 27 May 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170527232147/http://pm.gc.ca/eng/news/2017/05/27/canada-host-2018-g7-summit-charlevoix-quebec">Archived</a> from the original on 27 May 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 May</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=pm.gc.ca&rft.atitle=Canada+to+host+2018+G7+Summit+in+Charlevoix%2C+Quebec&rft.date=2017-05-27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpm.gc.ca%2Feng%2Fnews%2F2017%2F05%2F27%2Fcanada-host-2018-g7-summit-charlevoix-quebec&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-116"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-116">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCanada2019" class="citation web cs1">Canada, Global Affairs (20 February 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.international.gc.ca/world-monde/international_relations-relations_internationales/g7/documents/2018-06-09-summit-communique-sommet.aspx?lang=eng">"The Charlevoix G7 Summit Communique"</a>. <i>GAC</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061318/https://www.international.gc.ca/world-monde/international_relations-relations_internationales/g7/documents/2018-06-09-summit-communique-sommet.aspx?lang=eng">Archived</a> from the original on 2 May 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=GAC&rft.atitle=The+Charlevoix+G7+Summit+Communique&rft.date=2019-02-20&rft.aulast=Canada&rft.aufirst=Global+Affairs&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.international.gc.ca%2Fworld-monde%2Finternational_relations-relations_internationales%2Fg7%2Fdocuments%2F2018-06-09-summit-communique-sommet.aspx%3Flang%3Deng&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-117"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-117">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWalkerXanthos2018" class="citation journal cs1">Walker, Tony R.; Xanthos, Dirk (2018). "A call for Canada to move toward zero plastic waste by reducing and recycling single-use plastics". <i>Resources, Conservation and Recycling</i>. <b>133</b>: <span class="nowrap">99–</span>100. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018RCR...133...99W">2018RCR...133...99W</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.resconrec.2018.02.014">10.1016/j.resconrec.2018.02.014</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:117378637">117378637</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Resources%2C+Conservation+and+Recycling&rft.atitle=A+call+for+Canada+to+move+toward+zero+plastic+waste+by+reducing+and+recycling+single-use+plastics&rft.volume=133&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E99-%3C%2Fspan%3E100&rft.date=2018&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A117378637%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.resconrec.2018.02.014&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2018RCR...133...99W&rft.aulast=Walker&rft.aufirst=Tony+R.&rft.au=Xanthos%2C+Dirk&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-118"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-118">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/international/article/2018/06/09/sommet-du-g7-vers-un-communique-final-de-compromis_5312283_3210.html">"Sommet du G7 : Trump retire son soutien au communiqué commun sur le commerce"</a>. <i>Le Monde.fr</i>. 9 June 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180610064933/https://www.lemonde.fr/international/article/2018/06/09/sommet-du-g7-vers-un-communique-final-de-compromis_5312283_3210.html">Archived</a> from the original on 10 June 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 June</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Le+Monde.fr&rft.atitle=Sommet+du+G7+%3A+Trump+retire+son+soutien+au+communiqu%C3%A9+commun+sur+le+commerce&rft.date=2018-06-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lemonde.fr%2Finternational%2Farticle%2F2018%2F06%2F09%2Fsommet-du-g7-vers-un-communique-final-de-compromis_5312283_3210.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-presidency_rotation_2015-2020-119"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-presidency_rotation_2015-2020_119-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-presidency_rotation_2015-2020_119-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_MEMO-14-392_en.htm">"G7 Summit in Brussels, 4–5 June 2014: Background note and facts about the EU's role and action"</a>. 3 June 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150531100403/http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_MEMO-14-392_en.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 31 May 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 April</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=G7+Summit+in+Brussels%2C+4%E2%80%935+June+2014%3A+Background+note+and+facts+about+the+EU%27s+role+and+action&rft.date=2014-06-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Feuropa.eu%2Frapid%2Fpress-release_MEMO-14-392_en.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-scmp-120"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-scmp_120-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scmp.com/news/china/diplomacy/article/3024439/us-president-donald-trump-says-he-believes-china-sincerely">"US President Donald Trump says he believes China sincerely seeks a trade deal"</a>. <i>South China Morning Post</i>. 26 August 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190826212702/https://www.scmp.com/news/china/diplomacy/article/3024439/us-president-donald-trump-says-he-believes-china-sincerely">Archived</a> from the original on 26 August 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 September</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=South+China+Morning+Post&rft.atitle=US+President+Donald+Trump+says+he+believes+China+sincerely+seeks+a+trade+deal&rft.date=2019-08-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scmp.com%2Fnews%2Fchina%2Fdiplomacy%2Farticle%2F3024439%2Fus-president-donald-trump-says-he-believes-china-sincerely&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-xinhua-121"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-xinhua_121-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190827001041/http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2019-08/27/c_138340579.htm">"News Analysis: G7 summit declaration cannot conceal deep U.S.-EU rift"</a>. xinhuanet. 27 August 2019. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2019-08/27/c_138340579.htm">the original</a> on 27 August 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=News+Analysis%3A+G7+summit+declaration+cannot+conceal+deep+U.S.-EU+rift&rft.date=2019-08-27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.xinhuanet.com%2Fenglish%2F2019-08%2F27%2Fc_138340579.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-lh-122"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-lh_122-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.libyaherald.com/2019/08/27/biarritz-g7-summit-non-binding-declaration-on-libya-calls-for-truce-political-solution-and-conference/">"Biarritz G7 summit non-binding declaration on Libya calls for truce, political solution and conference"</a>. <i>Libya Herald</i>. 27 August 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914033529/https://www.libyaherald.com/2019/08/27/biarritz-g7-summit-non-binding-declaration-on-libya-calls-for-truce-political-solution-and-conference/">Archived</a> from the original on 14 September 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 September</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Libya+Herald&rft.atitle=Biarritz+G7+summit+non-binding+declaration+on+Libya+calls+for+truce%2C+political+solution+and+conference&rft.date=2019-08-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.libyaherald.com%2F2019%2F08%2F27%2Fbiarritz-g7-summit-non-binding-declaration-on-libya-calls-for-truce-political-solution-and-conference%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-rthk-123"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-rthk_123-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.rthk.hk/rthk/en/component/k2/1476988-20190827.htm">"G7 leaders back HK autonomy, urge calm"</a>. rthk.hk. 27 August 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200826082241/https://news.rthk.hk/rthk/en/component/k2/1476988-20190827.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 26 August 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 September</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=G7+leaders+back+HK+autonomy%2C+urge+calm&rft.date=2019-08-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.rthk.hk%2Frthk%2Fen%2Fcomponent%2Fk2%2F1476988-20190827.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-124"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-124">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPerano,_UrsulaTreene,_Alayna2020" class="citation web cs1">Perano, Ursula; Treene, Alayna (19 March 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.axios.com/g7-summit-coronavirus-9c91ec94-ab3f-4714-b418-04ee1eafd658.html">"White House cancels in-person G7 summit at Camp David due to coronavirus"</a>. Media. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200412162533/https://www.axios.com/g7-summit-coronavirus-9c91ec94-ab3f-4714-b418-04ee1eafd658.html">Archived</a> from the original on 12 April 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 April</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=White+House+cancels+in-person+G7+summit+at+Camp+David+due+to+coronavirus&rft.pub=Media&rft.date=2020-03-19&rft.au=Perano%2C+Ursula&rft.au=Treene%2C+Alayna&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.axios.com%2Fg7-summit-coronavirus-9c91ec94-ab3f-4714-b418-04ee1eafd658.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-g7UK-125"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-g7UK_125-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.g7uk.org/">"G7 UK Presidency 2021"</a>. <i>G7 UK Presidency 2021</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211204230835/https://www.g7uk.org/">Archived</a> from the original on 4 December 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=G7+UK+Presidency+2021&rft.atitle=G7+UK+Presidency+2021&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.g7uk.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-126"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-126">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-55678267">"G7: UK to host Cornwall seaside summit in summer"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 17 January 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210117002207/https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-55678267">Archived</a> from the original on 17 January 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 January</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=G7%3A+UK+to+host+Cornwall+seaside+summit+in+summer&rft.date=2021-01-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fuk-politics-55678267&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-127"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-127">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRappeport2021" class="citation news cs1">Rappeport, Alan (5 June 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210605140521/https://www.nytimes.com/2021/06/05/us/politics/g7-global-minimum-tax.html">"Finance Leaders Reach Global Tax Deal Aimed at Ending Profit Shifting"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. Archived from <span class="id-lock-limited" title="Free access subject to limited trial, subscription normally required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/06/05/us/politics/g7-global-minimum-tax.html">the original</a></span> on 5 June 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Finance+Leaders+Reach+Global+Tax+Deal+Aimed+at+Ending+Profit+Shifting&rft.date=2021-06-05&rft.aulast=Rappeport&rft.aufirst=Alan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2021%2F06%2F05%2Fus%2Fpolitics%2Fg7-global-minimum-tax.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-G7_Germany_2022-128"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-G7_Germany_2022_128-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.g7germany.de/">"G7 Germany Presidency 2022"</a>. <i>2022 G7 presidency Germany</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240615122448/https://www.g7germany.de/g7-de">Archived</a> from the original on 15 June 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 March</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=2022+G7+presidency+Germany&rft.atitle=G7+Germany+Presidency+2022&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.g7germany.de%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-129"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-129">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bundesregierung.de/breg-en/service/g7-at-schloss-elmau-1991596">"Germany's G7 Presidency in 2022: 2022 G7 Summit at Schloss Elmau"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_Germany" class="mw-redirect" title="Cabinet of Germany">Bundesregierung</a></i>. 14 December 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221018132902/https://www.bundesregierung.de/breg-en/service/g7-at-schloss-elmau-1991596">Archived</a> from the original on 18 October 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Bundesregierung&rft.atitle=Germany%27s+G7+Presidency+in+2022%3A+2022+G7+Summit+at+Schloss+Elmau&rft.date=2021-12-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bundesregierung.de%2Fbreg-en%2Fservice%2Fg7-at-schloss-elmau-1991596&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-130"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-130">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.g7germany.de/resource/blob/974430/2057196/4628490eda0863e429c30136ec180feb/2022-06-27-g7-erklaerung-ukraine-en-data.pdf?download=1">"G7 Statement on Support for Ukraine"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>The Press and Information Office of the Federal Government, Germany</i>. 27 June 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220630181904/https://www.g7germany.de/resource/blob/974430/2057196/4628490eda0863e429c30136ec180feb/2022-06-27-g7-erklaerung-ukraine-en-data.pdf?download=1">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 30 June 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 June</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Press+and+Information+Office+of+the+Federal+Government%2C+Germany&rft.atitle=G7+Statement+on+Support+for+Ukraine&rft.date=2022-06-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.g7germany.de%2Fresource%2Fblob%2F974430%2F2057196%2F4628490eda0863e429c30136ec180feb%2F2022-06-27-g7-erklaerung-ukraine-en-data.pdf%3Fdownload%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-131"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-131">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.g7germany.de/resource/blob/974430/2057220/cb6b996346f44316f74854ad987d8ed5/2022-06-27-g7-erklaerung-ukraine-annex-data.pdf?download=1">"Annex to G7 Statement on Support for Ukraine"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>The Press and Information Office of the Federal Government, Germany</i>. 27 June 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220628085214/https://www.g7germany.de/resource/blob/974430/2057220/cb6b996346f44316f74854ad987d8ed5/2022-06-27-g7-erklaerung-ukraine-annex-data.pdf?download=1">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 28 June 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 June</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Press+and+Information+Office+of+the+Federal+Government%2C+Germany&rft.atitle=Annex+to+G7+Statement+on+Support+for+Ukraine&rft.date=2022-06-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.g7germany.de%2Fresource%2Fblob%2F974430%2F2057220%2Fcb6b996346f44316f74854ad987d8ed5%2F2022-06-27-g7-erklaerung-ukraine-annex-data.pdf%3Fdownload%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-132"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-132">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.g7germany.de/resource/blob/974430/2057928/1315842ed9de069fa1be82dab18dabb2/2022-06-28-leaders-communique-executive-summ-data.pdf?download=1">"G7 Leaders' Communiqué – Executive Summary"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>The Press and Information Office of the Federal Government, Germany</i>. 28 June 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220628120343/https://www.g7germany.de/resource/blob/974430/2057928/1315842ed9de069fa1be82dab18dabb2/2022-06-28-leaders-communique-executive-summ-data.pdf?download=1">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 28 June 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 June</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Press+and+Information+Office+of+the+Federal+Government%2C+Germany&rft.atitle=G7+Leaders%27+Communiqu%C3%A9+%E2%80%93+Executive+Summary&rft.date=2022-06-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.g7germany.de%2Fresource%2Fblob%2F974430%2F2057928%2F1315842ed9de069fa1be82dab18dabb2%2F2022-06-28-leaders-communique-executive-summ-data.pdf%3Fdownload%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-133"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-133">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220630042532/https://www.g7germany.de/resource/blob/974430/2057914/09bf78deb629910db2c445a1e7595f0b/2022-06-28-leaders-communique-data.pdf?download=1">"G7 Leaders' Communiqué"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>The Press and Information Office of the Federal Government, Germany</i>. 28 June 2022. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.g7germany.de/resource/blob/974430/2057914/09bf78deb629910db2c445a1e7595f0b/2022-06-28-leaders-communique-data.pdf?download=1">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 30 June 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 June</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Press+and+Information+Office+of+the+Federal+Government%2C+Germany&rft.atitle=G7+Leaders%27+Communiqu%C3%A9&rft.date=2022-06-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.g7germany.de%2Fresource%2Fblob%2F974430%2F2057914%2F09bf78deb629910db2c445a1e7595f0b%2F2022-06-28-leaders-communique-data.pdf%3Fdownload%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-134"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-134">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220715031915/https://www.nippon.com/en/news/yjj2022071500133/">"Japan Launches G-7 Hiroshima Summit Secretariat"</a>. <i>Nippon.com</i>. 15 July 2022. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nippon.com/en/news/yjj2022071500133/">the original</a> on 15 July 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 July</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nippon.com&rft.atitle=Japan+Launches+G-7+Hiroshima+Summit+Secretariat&rft.date=2022-07-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nippon.com%2Fen%2Fnews%2Fyjj2022071500133%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-135"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-135">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mofa.go.jp/press/kaiken/kaiken22e_000081.html">"Press Conference by Foreign Minister HAYASHI Yoshimasa"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Japan)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Japan)">Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Japan)</a></i>. 27 May 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220611101116/https://www.mofa.go.jp/press/kaiken/kaiken22e_000081.html">Archived</a> from the original on 11 June 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 June</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ministry+of+Foreign+Affairs+%28Japan%29&rft.atitle=Press+Conference+by+Foreign+Minister+HAYASHI+Yoshimasa&rft.date=2022-05-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mofa.go.jp%2Fpress%2Fkaiken%2Fkaiken22e_000081.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-JF_2023-05-13-136"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-JF_2023-05-13_136-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFumio_Kishida2023" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Fumio_Kishida" title="Fumio Kishida">Fumio Kishida</a> (13 May 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://japan-forward.com/the-g7-hiroshima-summit-respond-to-the-multiple-crises-that-the-world-is-facing/">"The G7 Hiroshima Summit: Respond to the Multiple Crises that the World is Facing"</a>. <i>Japan Forward</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230522230401/https://japan-forward.com/the-g7-hiroshima-summit-respond-to-the-multiple-crises-that-the-world-is-facing/">Archived</a> from the original on 22 May 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Japan+Forward&rft.atitle=The+G7+Hiroshima+Summit%3A+Respond+to+the+Multiple+Crises+that+the+World+is+Facing&rft.date=2023-05-13&rft.au=Fumio+Kishida&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fjapan-forward.com%2Fthe-g7-hiroshima-summit-respond-to-the-multiple-crises-that-the-world-is-facing%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-137"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-137">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLaura_Bicker2023" class="citation web cs1">Laura Bicker (18 May 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-65630650">"G7 summit: Why there are eight more seats at the table this year"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20230607220646/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-65630650">Archived</a> from the original on 7 June 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BBC&rft.atitle=G7+summit%3A+Why+there+are+eight+more+seats+at+the+table+this+year&rft.date=2023-05-18&rft.au=Laura+Bicker&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fworld-asia-65630650&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-138"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-138">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTessa_Wong2023" class="citation web cs1">Tessa Wong (21 May 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-65657996">"Zelensky dominates summit as G7 leaders call out China"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231230045603/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-65657996">Archived</a> from the original on 30 December 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BBC&rft.atitle=Zelensky+dominates+summit+as+G7+leaders+call+out+China&rft.date=2023-05-21&rft.au=Tessa+Wong&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fworld-asia-65657996&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-139"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-139">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.g7italy.it/en/summit">"The Summit | G7 Italia"</a>. <i>G7 Italia 2024</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240615122950/https://www.g7italy.it/en/summit/">Archived</a> from the original on 15 June 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 June</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=G7+Italia+2024&rft.atitle=The+Summit+%7C+G7+Italia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.g7italy.it%2Fen%2Fsummit&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-140"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-140">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMallees2024" class="citation web cs1">Mallees, Nojoud Al (14 June 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cp24.com/news/g7-leaders-pledge-action-to-counter-foreign-interference-in-new-statement-1.6926631">"G7 leaders pledge action to counter foreign interference in new statement"</a>. <i>CP24</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240615122948/https://www.cp24.com/news/g7-leaders-pledge-action-to-counter-foreign-interference-in-new-statement-1.6926631">Archived</a> from the original on 15 June 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 June</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CP24&rft.atitle=G7+leaders+pledge+action+to+counter+foreign+interference+in+new+statement&rft.date=2024-06-14&rft.aulast=Mallees&rft.aufirst=Nojoud+Al&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cp24.com%2Fnews%2Fg7-leaders-pledge-action-to-counter-foreign-interference-in-new-statement-1.6926631&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-141"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-141">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRobertson2025" class="citation news cs1">Robertson, Dylan (2 January 2025). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/canada-g7-presidency-2025-1.7421639">https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/canada-g7-presidency-2025-1.7421639</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 January</span> 2025</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.date=2025-01-02&rft.aulast=Robertson&rft.aufirst=Dylan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbc.ca%2Fnews%2Fpolitics%2Fcanada-g7-presidency-2025-1.7421639&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_news" title="Template:Cite news">cite news</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Missing or empty <code class="cs1-code">|title=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#citation_missing_title" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:4-142"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:4_142-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_142-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://calgary.ctvnews.ca/canada-to-host-g7-leaders-summit-in-kananaskis-alta-next-june-1.6927424">"Canada to host G7 leaders' summit in Kananaskis, Alta., next June"</a>. <i>Calgary</i>. 14 June 2024. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240615122950/https://calgary.ctvnews.ca/canada-to-host-g7-leaders-summit-in-kananaskis-alta-next-june-1.6927424">Archived</a> from the original on 15 June 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 June</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Calgary&rft.atitle=Canada+to+host+G7+leaders%27+summit+in+Kananaskis%2C+Alta.%2C+next+June&rft.date=2024-06-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcalgary.ctvnews.ca%2Fcanada-to-host-g7-leaders-summit-in-kananaskis-alta-next-june-1.6927424&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-143"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-143">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kv7_4AhZw04">"Canada and the G7🌍 Exciting News for 2025!🌟"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Global_Affairs_Canada" title="Global Affairs Canada">Global Affairs Canada</a>. 14 June 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 June</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=YouTube&rft.atitle=Canada+and+the+G7%F0%9F%8C%8D+Exciting+News+for+2025%21%F0%9F%8C%9F&rft.date=2024-06-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DKv7_4AhZw04&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EU_rep-144"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-EU_rep_144-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EU_rep_144-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://euobserver.com/9/29713">"Van Rompuy and Barroso to both represent EU at G20"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110511192635/http://euobserver.com/9/29713">Archived</a> 11 May 2011 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. EUobserver.com. 19 March 2010. Retrieved 21 October 2012. "The permanent president of the EU Council, former Belgian premier Herman Van Rompuy, also represents the bloc abroad in foreign policy and security matters ... in other areas, such as climate change, President Barroso will speak on behalf of the 27-member club."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-145"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:2_145-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.credit-suisse.com/media/assets/corporate/docs/about-us/research/publications/global-wealth-databook-2021.pdf">"Global Wealth Databook 2021"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Credit_Suisse" title="Credit Suisse">Credit Suisse</a>. credit-suisse.com</i>. 2021. Table 2-1. p. 21. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210623101415/https://www.credit-suisse.com/media/assets/corporate/docs/about-us/research/publications/global-wealth-databook-2021.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 23 June 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Credit+Suisse.+credit-suisse.com&rft.atitle=Global+Wealth+Databook+2021&rft.pages=Table+2-1.+p.-21&rft.date=2021&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.credit-suisse.com%2Fmedia%2Fassets%2Fcorporate%2Fdocs%2Fabout-us%2Fresearch%2Fpublications%2Fglobal-wealth-databook-2021.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:3-146"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:3_146-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_146-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.credit-suisse.com/media/assets/corporate/docs/about-us/research/publications/global-wealth-databook-2021.pdf">"Global Wealth Databook 2021"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Credit_Suisse" title="Credit Suisse">Credit Suisse</a>. credit-suisse.com</i>. 2021. Table 2-1 "Country details". p. 21–24. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210623101415/https://www.credit-suisse.com/media/assets/corporate/docs/about-us/research/publications/global-wealth-databook-2021.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 23 June 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Credit+Suisse.+credit-suisse.com&rft.atitle=Global+Wealth+Databook+2021&rft.pages=Table+2-1+%22Country+details%22.+p.-21-24.&rft.date=2021&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.credit-suisse.com%2Fmedia%2Fassets%2Fcorporate%2Fdocs%2Fabout-us%2Fresearch%2Fpublications%2Fglobal-wealth-databook-2021.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-n026-147"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-n026_147-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutschland.de/en/g7-members-facts-and-figures">"Which countries make up the G7?"</a>. <i>deutschland.de</i>. 25 May 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 June</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=deutschland.de&rft.atitle=Which+countries+make+up+the+G7%3F&rft.date=2022-05-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.deutschland.de%2Fen%2Fg7-members-facts-and-figures&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:5-148"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:5_148-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:5_148-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:5_148-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:5_148-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:5_148-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFInternational_Monetary_Fund" class="citation web cs1">International Monetary Fund. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2023/April">"World Economic Outlook Database, April 2023"</a>. <a href="/wiki/International_Monetary_Fund" title="International Monetary Fund">International Monetary Fund</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230413194731/https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2023/April">Archived</a> from the original on 13 April 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=World+Economic+Outlook+Database%2C+April+2023&rft.pub=International+Monetary+Fund&rft.au=International+Monetary+Fund&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.imf.org%2Fen%2FPublications%2FWEO%2Fweo-database%2F2023%2FApril&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-149"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-149">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">23 out of 27 EU countries are classified as advanced. 4 out of 27 EU countries are classified by the IMF as Emerging and Developing Europe</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-150"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-150">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBailin2021" class="citation book cs1">Bailin, Alison (2021). <i>From traditional to group hegemony: the G7, the liberal economic order and the core-periphery gap</i> (First issued in paperback ed.). London New York: Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781351157889" title="Special:BookSources/9781351157889"><bdi>9781351157889</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=From+traditional+to+group+hegemony%3A+the+G7%2C+the+liberal+economic+order+and+the+core-periphery+gap&rft.place=London+New+York&rft.edition=First+issued+in+paperback&rft.pub=Routledge%2C+Taylor+%26+Francis+Group&rft.date=2021&rft.isbn=9781351157889&rft.aulast=Bailin&rft.aufirst=Alison&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Spiegel07June-151"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Spiegel07June_151-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.spiegel.de/politik/deutschland/g7-gipfel-protestzug-erreicht-zaun-um-schloss-elmau-a-1037560.html">"Der Spiegel: Proteste um Schloss Elmau – Demonstranten wandern bis zum G7-Zaun"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Der_Spiegel" title="Der Spiegel">Der Spiegel</a></i>. 7 June 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150611060711/http://www.spiegel.de/politik/deutschland/g7-gipfel-protestzug-erreicht-zaun-um-schloss-elmau-a-1037560.html">Archived</a> from the original on 11 June 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 June</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Der+Spiegel&rft.atitle=Der+Spiegel%3A+Proteste+um+Schloss+Elmau+%E2%80%93+Demonstranten+wandern+bis+zum+G7-Zaun.&rft.date=2015-06-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.spiegel.de%2Fpolitik%2Fdeutschland%2Fg7-gipfel-protestzug-erreicht-zaun-um-schloss-elmau-a-1037560.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bild03June-152"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Bild03June_152-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bild.de/regional/muenchen/g7-gipfel/mit-hohem-sicherheitsaufgebot-41201204.bild.html">"Bild: 7 Kilometer lang, 3 Meter hoch, auf ganzer Länge beleuchtet"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Bild" title="Bild">Bild</a></i>. 3 June 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150904064233/http://www.bild.de/regional/muenchen/g7-gipfel/mit-hohem-sicherheitsaufgebot-41201204.bild.html">Archived</a> from the original on 4 September 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 June</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bild&rft.atitle=Bild%3A+7+Kilometer+lang%2C+3+Meter+hoch%2C+auf+ganzer+L%C3%A4nge+beleuchtet.&rft.date=2015-06-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bild.de%2Fregional%2Fmuenchen%2Fg7-gipfel%2Fmit-hohem-sicherheitsaufgebot-41201204.bild.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=G7&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Group_of_Seven" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Group of Seven">Group of Seven</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikinews-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/40px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/60px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/80px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="759" data-file-height="415" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikinews has related news: <div><ul><li><a href="https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Economic_policy_makers_conclude_Washington_meetings" class="extiw" title="wikinews:Economic policy makers conclude Washington meetings"> Economic policy makers conclude Washington meetings</a></li></ul></div></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://g7.canada.ca/en/">2025 G7 presidency Canada</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.g7italy.it/en/">2024 G7 presidency Italy</a></li> <li>2023 G7 presidency Japan <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230128120856/https://www.g7hiroshima.go.jp/en/">Archived</a> 28 January 2023 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.g7germany.de/">2022 G7 presidency Germany</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.g7uk.org/">2021 G7 presidency UK</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.elysee.fr/en/g7">2019 G7 presidency France</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.g8.utoronto.ca">G7/8 Information Centre – University of Toronto</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ec.europa.eu/info/food-farming-fisheries/farming/international-cooperation/international-organisations/g7_en/">The EU engages in actions and discussions with other members of the G7 on topics relating to agriculture</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Links_to_related_articles92" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;"><div id="Links_to_related_articles92" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Links to related articles</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px"> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="G7_(Group_of_Seven)461" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Group_of_7" title="Template:Group of 7"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Group_of_7" title="Template talk:Group of 7"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Group_of_7" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Group of 7"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="G7_(Group_of_Seven)461" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">G7</a> (Group of Seven)</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Group_of_Seven#History" class="mw-redirect" title="Group of Seven">G6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G8" title="G8">G8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G8%2B5" title="G8+5">G8+5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G14_(nations)" title="G14 (nations)">G14</a></li></ul> </div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Member countries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">G7</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/15px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/15px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/30px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/15px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/30px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/15px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/30px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/15px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/30px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/15px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/15px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/G8" title="G8">G8</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/15px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> (<a href="/wiki/Annexation_of_Crimea_by_the_Russian_Federation" title="Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation">Suspended</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Representative</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/15px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/23px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/30px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/G8%2B5" title="G8+5">G8+5</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>G8</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/15px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/23px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/30px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/15px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/15px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/23px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/30px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/15px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/30px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="980" data-file-height="560" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/15px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/30px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/G14_(nations)" title="G14 (nations)">G14</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>G8+5</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/15px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/23px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/30px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current politicians</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_G7_leaders" title="List of G7 leaders">Leaders</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Canada" title="Prime Minister of Canada"><img alt="Canada" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/15px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Justin_Trudeau" title="Justin Trudeau">Trudeau</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/President_of_France" title="President of France"><img alt="France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/15px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/30px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Emmanuel_Macron" title="Emmanuel Macron">Macron</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Chancellor_of_Germany" title="Chancellor of Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/15px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/30px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz">Scholz</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Italy" title="Prime Minister of Italy"><img alt="Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/15px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/30px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Giorgia_Meloni" title="Giorgia Meloni">Meloni</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Japan" title="Prime Minister of Japan"><img alt="Japan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/15px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/30px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Fumio_Kishida" title="Fumio Kishida">Kishida</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Prime Minister of the United Kingdom"><img alt="United Kingdom" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/15px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Keir_Starmer" title="Keir Starmer">Starmer</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/15px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Trump</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_European_Council" title="President of the European Council"><img alt="European Union" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/15px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/23px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/30px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Charles_Michel" title="Charles Michel">Michel</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_European_Commission" title="President of the European Commission"><img alt="European Union" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/15px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/23px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/30px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Ursula_von_der_Leyen" title="Ursula von der Leyen">von der Leyen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Foreign_minister" class="mw-redirect" title="Foreign minister">Foreign ministers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Canada)" title="Minister of Foreign Affairs (Canada)"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/15px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9lanie_Joly" title="Mélanie Joly">Joly</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ministry_for_Europe_and_Foreign_Affairs_(France)" title="Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs (France)"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/15px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/30px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Catherine_Colonna" title="Catherine Colonna">Colonna</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Foreign_Affairs_(Germany)" title="Minister for Foreign Affairs (Germany)"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/15px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/30px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Annalena_Baerbock" title="Annalena Baerbock">Baerbock</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Italian_Minister_of_Foreign_Affairs" title="Italian Minister of Foreign Affairs"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/15px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/30px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Antonio_Tajani" title="Antonio Tajani">Tajani</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Foreign_Affairs_(Japan)" title="Minister for Foreign Affairs (Japan)"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/15px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/30px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Yoshimasa_Hayashi" title="Yoshimasa Hayashi">Hayashi</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Foreign_Secretary" title="Foreign Secretary"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/15px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/David_Lammy" title="David Lammy">Lammy</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_State" title="United States Secretary of State"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/15px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Antony_Blinken" title="Antony Blinken">Blinken</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/High_Representative_of_the_Union_for_Foreign_Affairs_and_Security_Policy" title="High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/15px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/23px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/30px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Josep_Borrell" title="Josep Borrell">Borrell</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Finance_minister" class="mw-redirect" title="Finance minister">Finance ministers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Finance_(Canada)" title="Minister of Finance (Canada)"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/15px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Chrystia_Freeland" title="Chrystia Freeland">Freeland</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Economy_and_Finance_(France)" title="Ministry of Economy and Finance (France)"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/15px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/30px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Bruno_Le_Maire" title="Bruno Le Maire">Le Maire</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/List_of_German_finance_ministers" title="List of German finance ministers"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/15px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/30px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Christian_Lindner" title="Christian Lindner">Lindner</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Italian_Minister_of_Economy_and_Finance" title="Italian Minister of Economy and Finance"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/15px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/30px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Giancarlo_Giorgetti" title="Giancarlo Giorgetti">Giorgetti</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Finance_(Japan)" title="Minister of Finance (Japan)"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/15px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/30px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Shun%27ichi_Suzuki_(politician)" title="Shun'ichi Suzuki (politician)">Suzuki</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Chancellor_of_the_Exchequer" title="Chancellor of the Exchequer"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/15px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Rachel_Reeves" title="Rachel Reeves">Reeves</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Treasury" title="United States Secretary of the Treasury"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/15px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Janet_Yellen" title="Janet Yellen">Yellen</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/European_Commissioner_for_Economy" title="European Commissioner for Economy"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/15px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/23px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/30px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Paolo_Gentiloni" title="Paolo Gentiloni">Gentiloni</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Defence_minister" class="mw-redirect" title="Defence minister">Defence ministers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_National_Defence_(Canada)" title="Minister of National Defence (Canada)"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/15px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Anita_Anand" title="Anita Anand">Anand</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_the_Armed_Forces_(France)" title="Minister of the Armed Forces (France)"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/15px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/30px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9bastien_Lecornu" title="Sébastien Lecornu">Lecornu</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/List_of_German_defence_ministers" title="List of German defence ministers"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/15px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/30px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Christine_Lambrecht" title="Christine Lambrecht">Lambrecht</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Italian_Minister_of_Defence" title="Italian Minister of Defence"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/15px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/30px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Guido_Crosetto" title="Guido Crosetto">Crosetto</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Defense_(Japan)" title="Minister of Defense (Japan)"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/15px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/30px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Yasukazu_Hamada" title="Yasukazu Hamada">Hamada</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Defence" title="Secretary of State for Defence"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/15px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/John_Healey_(politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Healey (politician)">Healey</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Defense" title="United States Secretary of Defense"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/15px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Lloyd_Austin" title="Lloyd Austin">Austin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Justice_minister" class="mw-redirect" title="Justice minister">Justice ministers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Justice_and_Attorney_General_of_Canada" title="Minister of Justice and Attorney General of Canada"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/15px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/David_Lametti" title="David Lametti">Lametti</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Justice_(France)" title="Minister of Justice (France)"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/15px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/30px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%C3%89ric_Dupond-Moretti" title="Éric Dupond-Moretti">Dupond-Moretti</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Federal_Ministry_of_Justice_and_Consumer_Protection" title="Federal Ministry of Justice and Consumer Protection"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/15px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/30px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Marco_Buschmann" title="Marco Buschmann">Buschmann</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Italian_Minister_of_Justice" title="Italian Minister of Justice"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/15px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/30px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Carlo_Nordio" title="Carlo Nordio">Nordio</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Justice_(Japan)" title="Minister of Justice (Japan)"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/15px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/30px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Yoshihisa_Furukawa" title="Yoshihisa Furukawa">Furukawa</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Lord_Chancellor" title="Lord Chancellor"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/15px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Shabana_Mahmood" title="Shabana Mahmood">Mahmood</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Attorney_General" title="United States Attorney General"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/15px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Merrick_Garland" title="Merrick Garland">Garland</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/List_of_European_Commissioners_for_Justice_and_Equality" title="List of European Commissioners for Justice and Equality"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/15px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/23px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/30px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Didier_Reynders" title="Didier Reynders">Reynders</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Interior_minister" title="Interior minister">Interior ministers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Public_Safety_and_Emergency_Preparedness" title="Minister of Public Safety and Emergency Preparedness"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/15px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Marco_Mendicino" title="Marco Mendicino">Mendicino</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_the_Interior_(France)" title="Minister of the Interior (France)"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/15px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/30px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9rald_Darmanin" title="Gérald Darmanin">Darmanin</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/List_of_German_interior_ministers" title="List of German interior ministers"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/15px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/30px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Nancy_Faeser" title="Nancy Faeser">Faeser</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Italian_Minister_of_the_Interior" title="Italian Minister of the Interior"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/15px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/30px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Matteo_Piantedosi" title="Matteo Piantedosi">Piantedosi</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Internal_Affairs_and_Communications" title="Minister for Internal Affairs and Communications"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/15px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/30px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Yasushi_Kaneko" title="Yasushi Kaneko">Kaneko</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Home_Secretary" title="Home Secretary"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/15px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Yvette_Cooper" title="Yvette Cooper">Cooper</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Homeland_Security" title="United States Secretary of Homeland Security"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/15px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Alejandro_Mayorkas" title="Alejandro Mayorkas">Mayorkas</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/List_of_European_Commission_portfolios#Home_Affairs" title="List of European Commission portfolios"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/15px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/23px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/30px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Ylva_Johansson" title="Ylva Johansson">Johansson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Central_bank" title="Central bank">Central bank</a> governors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_the_Bank_of_Canada" title="Governor of the Bank of Canada"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/15px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Tiff_Macklem" title="Tiff Macklem">Macklem</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_the_Bank_of_France" title="Governor of the Bank of France"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/15px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/30px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Villeroy_de_Galhau" title="François Villeroy de Galhau">Villeroy de Galhau</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Deutsche_Bundesbank" title="Deutsche Bundesbank"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/15px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/30px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Joachim_Nagel" title="Joachim Nagel">Nagel</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_the_Bank_of_Italy" title="Governor of the Bank of Italy"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/15px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/30px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Ignazio_Visco" title="Ignazio Visco">Visco</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bank_of_Japan" title="Bank of Japan"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/15px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/30px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Haruhiko_Kuroda" title="Haruhiko Kuroda">Kuroda</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_the_Bank_of_England" title="Governor of the Bank of England"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/15px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Bailey_(banker)" title="Andrew Bailey (banker)">Bailey</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Chair_of_the_Federal_Reserve" title="Chair of the Federal Reserve"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/15px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Jerome_Powell" title="Jerome Powell">Powell</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_European_Central_Bank" title="President of the European Central Bank"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/15px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/23px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/30px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Christine_Lagarde" title="Christine Lagarde">Lagarde</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Summits</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1st_G6_summit" title="1st G6 summit">1975</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2nd_G7_summit" title="2nd G7 summit">1976</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3rd_G7_summit" title="3rd G7 summit">1977</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4th_G7_summit" title="4th G7 summit">1978</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5th_G7_summit" title="5th G7 summit">1979</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6th_G7_summit" title="6th G7 summit">1980</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/7th_G7_summit" title="7th G7 summit">1981</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/8th_G7_summit" title="8th G7 summit">1982</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9th_G7_summit" title="9th G7 summit">1983</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/10th_G7_summit" title="10th G7 summit">1984</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/11th_G7_summit" title="11th G7 summit">1985</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/12th_G7_summit" title="12th G7 summit">1986</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/13th_G7_summit" title="13th G7 summit">1987</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/14th_G7_summit" title="14th G7 summit">1988</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/15th_G7_summit" title="15th G7 summit">1989</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/16th_G7_summit" title="16th G7 summit">1990</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/17th_G7_summit" title="17th G7 summit">1991</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/18th_G7_summit" title="18th G7 summit">1992</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/19th_G7_summit" title="19th G7 summit">1993</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/20th_G7_summit" title="20th G7 summit">1994</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/21st_G7_summit" title="21st G7 summit">1995</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/22nd_G7_summit" title="22nd G7 summit">1996</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/23rd_G8_summit" title="23rd G8 summit">1997</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/24th_G8_summit" title="24th G8 summit">1998</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/25th_G8_summit" title="25th G8 summit">1999</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/26th_G8_summit" title="26th G8 summit">2000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/27th_G8_summit" title="27th G8 summit">2001</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/28th_G8_summit" title="28th G8 summit">2002</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/29th_G8_summit" title="29th G8 summit">2003</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/30th_G8_summit" title="30th G8 summit">2004</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/31st_G8_summit" title="31st G8 summit">2005</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/32nd_G8_summit" title="32nd G8 summit">2006</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/33rd_G8_summit" title="33rd G8 summit">2007</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/34th_G8_summit" title="34th G8 summit">2008</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/35th_G8_summit" title="35th G8 summit">2009</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/36th_G8_summit" title="36th G8 summit">2010</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/37th_G8_summit" title="37th G8 summit">2011</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/38th_G8_summit" title="38th G8 summit">2012</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/39th_G8_summit" title="39th G8 summit">2013</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/40th_G7_summit" title="40th G7 summit">2014</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/41st_G7_summit" title="41st G7 summit">2015</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/42nd_G7_summit" title="42nd G7 summit">2016</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/43rd_G7_summit" title="43rd G7 summit">2017</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/44th_G7_summit" title="44th G7 summit">2018</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/45th_G7_summit" title="45th G7 summit">2019</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/46th_G7_summit" title="46th G7 summit">2020</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/47th_G7_summit" title="47th G7 summit">2021</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/48th_G7_summit" title="48th G7 summit">2022</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/49th_G7_summit" title="49th G7 summit">2023</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/50th_G7_summit" title="50th G7 summit">2024</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Agreements</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Louvre_Accord" title="Louvre Accord">Louvre Accord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heiligendamm_Process" title="Heiligendamm Process">Heiligendamm Process</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muskoka_Initiative" title="Muskoka Initiative">Muskoka Initiative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gleneagles_Dialogue" title="Gleneagles Dialogue">Gleneagles Dialogue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G8_Climate_Change_Roundtable" title="G8 Climate Change Roundtable">Climate Change Roundtable</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_G7_leaders" title="List of G7 leaders">Leaders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_G8_summit_resorts" title="List of G8 summit resorts">Summit resorts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junior_8" class="mw-redirect" title="Junior 8">Junior 8</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/G20" title="G20">G-20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OECD" title="OECD">OECD</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:G7_summits" title="Category:G7 summits">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:G8" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:G8">Multimedia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Heads_of_state_of_the_Group_of_Seven61" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Current_G7_Heads_of_State" title="Template:Current G7 Heads of State"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Current_G7_Heads_of_State" title="Template talk:Current G7 Heads of State"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Current_G7_Heads_of_State" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Current G7 Heads of State"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Heads_of_state_of_the_Group_of_Seven61" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Head_of_state" title="Head of state">Heads of state</a> of the <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Group of Seven</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charles_III" title="Charles III">Charles III</a> (<a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Canada" title="Monarchy of Canada">of Canada</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emmanuel_Macron" title="Emmanuel Macron">Macron</a> (<a href="/wiki/President_of_France" title="President of France">of France</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank-Walter_Steinmeier" title="Frank-Walter Steinmeier">Steinmeier</a> (<a href="/wiki/President_of_Germany" title="President of Germany">of Germany</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergio_Mattarella" title="Sergio Mattarella">Mattarella</a> (<a href="/wiki/President_of_Italy" title="President of Italy">of Italy</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naruhito" title="Naruhito">Naruhito</a> (<a href="/wiki/Emperor_of_Japan" title="Emperor of Japan">of Japan</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_III" title="Charles III">Charles III</a> (<a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Monarchy of the United Kingdom">of the UK</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Trump</a> (<a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">of the US</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio_Costa" title="António Costa">Costa</a> (<a href="/wiki/President_of_the_European_Council" title="President of the European Council">of the EU</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Leaders_of_the_Group_of_Seven59" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Current_G7_Leaders" title="Template:Current G7 Leaders"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Current_G7_Leaders" title="Template talk:Current G7 Leaders"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Current_G7_Leaders" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Current G7 Leaders"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Leaders_of_the_Group_of_Seven59" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_G7_leaders" title="List of G7 leaders">Leaders</a> of the <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Group of Seven</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada"><img alt="Canada" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Canada.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Canada.svg/35px-Flag_of_Canada.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Canada.svg/46px-Flag_of_Canada.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Justin_Trudeau" title="Justin Trudeau">Trudeau</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/France" title="France"><img alt="France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Emmanuel_Macron" title="Emmanuel Macron">Macron</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz">Scholz</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy"><img alt="Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Giorgia_Meloni" title="Giorgia Meloni">Meloni</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan"><img alt="Japan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Shigeru_Ishiba" title="Shigeru Ishiba">Ishiba</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom"><img alt="United Kingdom" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Keir_Starmer" title="Keir Starmer">Starmer</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Trump</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union"><img alt="European Union" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/23px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/35px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/45px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio_Costa" title="António Costa">Costa</a>/<a href="/wiki/Ursula_von_der_Leyen" title="Ursula von der Leyen">Von der Leyen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Foreign_ministers_of_the_Group_of_Seven50" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:G7-Foreign" title="Template:G7-Foreign"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:G7-Foreign" title="Template talk:G7-Foreign"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:G7-Foreign" title="Special:EditPage/Template:G7-Foreign"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Foreign_ministers_of_the_Group_of_Seven50" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Foreign_minister" class="mw-redirect" title="Foreign minister">Foreign ministers</a> of the <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Group of Seven</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada"><img alt="Canada" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Canada.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Canada.svg/35px-Flag_of_Canada.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Canada.svg/46px-Flag_of_Canada.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9lanie_Joly" title="Mélanie Joly">Joly</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/France" title="France"><img alt="France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Jean-No%C3%ABl_Barrot" title="Jean-Noël Barrot">Barrot</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Annalena_Baerbock" title="Annalena Baerbock">Baerbock</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy"><img alt="Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Antonio_Tajani" title="Antonio Tajani">Tajani</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan"><img alt="Japan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Takeshi_Iwaya" title="Takeshi Iwaya">Iwaya</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom"><img alt="United Kingdom" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/David_Lammy" title="David Lammy">Lammy</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Marco_Rubio" title="Marco Rubio">Rubio</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union"><img alt="European Union" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/23px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/35px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/45px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Kaja_Kallas" title="Kaja Kallas">Kallas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Finance_ministers_of_the_Group_of_Seven50" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:G7-Finance" title="Template:G7-Finance"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:G7-Finance" title="Template talk:G7-Finance"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:G7-Finance" title="Special:EditPage/Template:G7-Finance"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Finance_ministers_of_the_Group_of_Seven50" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Finance_minister" class="mw-redirect" title="Finance minister">Finance ministers</a> of the <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Group of Seven</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada"><img alt="Canada" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Canada.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Canada.svg/35px-Flag_of_Canada.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Canada.svg/46px-Flag_of_Canada.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Dominic_LeBlanc" title="Dominic LeBlanc">LeBlanc</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/France" title="France"><img alt="France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%C3%89ric_Lombard" title="Éric Lombard">Lombard</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/J%C3%B6rg_Kukies" title="Jörg Kukies">Kukies</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy"><img alt="Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Giancarlo_Giorgetti" title="Giancarlo Giorgetti">Giorgetti</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan"><img alt="Japan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Katsunobu_Kat%C5%8D" title="Katsunobu Katō">Katō</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom"><img alt="United Kingdom" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Rachel_Reeves" title="Rachel Reeves">Reeves</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Scott_Bessent" title="Scott Bessent">Bessent</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union"><img alt="European Union" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/23px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/35px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/45px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Valdis_Dombrovskis" title="Valdis Dombrovskis">Dombrovskis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Defence_ministers_of_the_Group_of_Seven50" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:G7-Defence" title="Template:G7-Defence"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:G7-Defence" title="Template talk:G7-Defence"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:G7-Defence" title="Special:EditPage/Template:G7-Defence"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Defence_ministers_of_the_Group_of_Seven50" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Defence_minister" class="mw-redirect" title="Defence minister">Defence ministers</a> of the <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Group of Seven</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_National_Defence_(Canada)" title="Minister of National Defence (Canada)"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Bill_Blair" title="Bill Blair">Blair</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_the_Armed_Forces_(France)" title="Minister of the Armed Forces (France)"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9bastien_Lecornu" title="Sébastien Lecornu">Lecornu</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/List_of_German_defence_ministers" title="List of German defence ministers"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Boris_Pistorius" title="Boris Pistorius">Pistorius</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Italian_Minister_of_Defence" title="Italian Minister of Defence"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Guido_Crosetto" title="Guido Crosetto">Crosetto</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Defense_(Japan)" title="Minister of Defense (Japan)"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Gen_Nakatani" title="Gen Nakatani">Nakatani</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Defence" title="Secretary of State for Defence"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/John_Healey" title="John Healey">Healey</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Defense" title="United States Secretary of Defense"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Pete_Hegseth" title="Pete Hegseth">Hegseth</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Interior_ministers_of_the_Group_of_Seven51" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:G7-Interior" title="Template:G7-Interior"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:G7-Interior" title="Template talk:G7-Interior"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:G7-Interior" title="Special:EditPage/Template:G7-Interior"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Interior_ministers_of_the_Group_of_Seven51" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Interior_minister" title="Interior minister">Interior ministers</a> of the <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Group of Seven</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada"><img alt="Canada" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Canada.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Canada.svg/35px-Flag_of_Canada.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Canada.svg/46px-Flag_of_Canada.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/David_McGuinty" title="David McGuinty">McGuinty</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/France" title="France"><img alt="France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Bruno_Retailleau" title="Bruno Retailleau">Retailleau</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Nancy_Faeser" title="Nancy Faeser">Faeser</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy"><img alt="Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Matteo_Piantedosi" title="Matteo Piantedosi">Piantedosi</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan"><img alt="Japan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Seiichiro_Murakami" title="Seiichiro Murakami">Murakami</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom"><img alt="United Kingdom" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Yvette_Cooper" title="Yvette Cooper">Cooper</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Kristi_Noem" title="Kristi Noem">Noem</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union"><img alt="European Union" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/23px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/35px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/45px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Magnus_Brunner" title="Magnus Brunner">Brunner</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Justice_ministers_of_the_Group_of_Seven50" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:G7-Justice" title="Template:G7-Justice"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:G7-Justice" title="Template talk:G7-Justice"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:G7-Justice" title="Special:EditPage/Template:G7-Justice"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Justice_ministers_of_the_Group_of_Seven50" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Justice_minister" class="mw-redirect" title="Justice minister">Justice ministers</a> of the <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Group of Seven</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Justice_and_Attorney_General_of_Canada" title="Minister of Justice and Attorney General of Canada"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Arif_Virani" title="Arif Virani">Virani</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Justice_(France)" title="Minister of Justice (France)"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9rald_Darmanin" title="Gérald Darmanin">Darmanin</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Federal_Ministry_of_Justice_and_Consumer_Protection" title="Federal Ministry of Justice and Consumer Protection"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Volker_Wissing" title="Volker Wissing">Wissing</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Italian_Minister_of_Justice" title="Italian Minister of Justice"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Carlo_Nordio" title="Carlo Nordio">Nordio</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Justice_(Japan)" title="Minister of Justice (Japan)"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Keisuke_Suzuki" title="Keisuke Suzuki">Suzuki</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Lord_Chancellor" title="Lord Chancellor"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Shabana_Mahmood" title="Shabana Mahmood">Mahmood</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Attorney_General" title="United States Attorney General"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Pam_Bondi" title="Pam Bondi">Bondi</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/List_of_European_Commissioners_for_Justice_and_Equality" title="List of European Commissioners for Justice and Equality"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/23px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/35px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/45px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Michael_McGrath_(Irish_politician)" title="Michael McGrath (Irish politician)">McGrath</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Central_bank_governors_of_the_Group_of_Seven55" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:G7-Central_Bank" title="Template:G7-Central Bank"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:G7-Central_Bank" title="Template talk:G7-Central Bank"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:G7-Central_Bank" title="Special:EditPage/Template:G7-Central Bank"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Central_bank_governors_of_the_Group_of_Seven55" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Central_bank" title="Central bank">Central bank</a> governors of the <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Group of Seven</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada"><img alt="Canada" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Canada.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Canada.svg/35px-Flag_of_Canada.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Canada.svg/46px-Flag_of_Canada.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Tiff_Macklem" title="Tiff Macklem">Macklem</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/France" title="France"><img alt="France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Villeroy_de_Galhau" title="François Villeroy de Galhau">Villeroy de Galhau</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Joachim_Nagel" title="Joachim Nagel">Nagel</a> </span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy"><img alt="Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Ignazio_Visco" title="Ignazio Visco">Visco</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan"><img alt="Japan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Kazuo_Ueda" title="Kazuo Ueda">Ueda</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom"><img alt="United Kingdom" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Bailey_(banker)" title="Andrew Bailey (banker)">Bailey</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Jerome_Powell" title="Jerome Powell">Powell</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union"><img alt="European Union" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/23px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/35px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/45px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Christine_Lagarde" title="Christine Lagarde">Lagarde</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="G6_/_G7_/_G8_summits115" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:G7_summits" title="Template:G7 summits"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:G7_summits" title="Template talk:G7 summits"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:G7_summits" title="Special:EditPage/Template:G7 summits"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="G6_/_G7_/_G8_summits115" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#History">G6</a> / <a class="mw-selflink selflink">G7</a> / <a href="/wiki/G8" title="G8">G8</a> summits</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">G6<br />(1975)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1st_G6_summit" title="1st G6 summit">1st</a> (<a href="/wiki/Rambouillet" title="Rambouillet">Rambouillet</a> 1975)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">G7<br />(1976–1996)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2nd_G7_summit" title="2nd G7 summit">2nd</a> (<a href="/wiki/Dorado,_Puerto_Rico" title="Dorado, Puerto Rico">Dorado</a> 1976)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/3rd_G7_summit" title="3rd G7 summit">3rd</a> (<a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a> 1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/4th_G7_summit" title="4th G7 summit">4th</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bonn" title="Bonn">Bonn</a> 1978)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/5th_G7_summit" title="5th G7 summit">5th</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tokyo" title="Tokyo">Tokyo</a> 1979)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/6th_G7_summit" title="6th G7 summit">6th</a> (<a href="/wiki/Venice" title="Venice">Venice</a> 1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/7th_G7_summit" title="7th G7 summit">7th</a> (<a href="/wiki/Montebello,_Quebec" title="Montebello, Quebec">Montebello</a> 1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/8th_G7_summit" title="8th G7 summit">8th</a> (<a href="/wiki/Versailles,_Yvelines" title="Versailles, Yvelines">Versailles</a> 1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/9th_G7_summit" title="9th G7 summit">9th</a> (<a href="/wiki/Williamsburg,_Virginia" title="Williamsburg, Virginia">Williamsburg</a> 1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/10th_G7_summit" title="10th G7 summit">10th</a> (<a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a> 1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/11th_G7_summit" title="11th G7 summit">11th</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bonn" title="Bonn">Bonn</a> 1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/12th_G7_summit" title="12th G7 summit">12th</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tokyo" title="Tokyo">Tokyo</a> 1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/13th_G7_summit" title="13th G7 summit">13th</a> (<a href="/wiki/Venice" title="Venice">Venice</a> 1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/14th_G7_summit" title="14th G7 summit">14th</a> (<a href="/wiki/Toronto" title="Toronto">Toronto</a> 1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/15th_G7_summit" title="15th G7 summit">15th</a> (<a href="/wiki/Grande_Arche" title="Grande Arche">Grande Arche</a> 1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/16th_G7_summit" title="16th G7 summit">16th</a> (<a href="/wiki/Houston" title="Houston">Houston</a> 1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/17th_G7_summit" title="17th G7 summit">17th</a> (<a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a> 1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/18th_G7_summit" title="18th G7 summit">18th</a> (<a href="/wiki/Munich" title="Munich">Munich</a> 1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/19th_G7_summit" title="19th G7 summit">19th</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tokyo" title="Tokyo">Tokyo</a> 1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/20th_G7_summit" title="20th G7 summit">20th</a> (<a href="/wiki/Naples" title="Naples">Naples</a> 1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/21st_G7_summit" title="21st G7 summit">21st</a> (<a href="/wiki/Halifax,_Nova_Scotia" title="Halifax, Nova Scotia">Halifax</a> 1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/22nd_G7_summit" title="22nd G7 summit">22nd</a> (<a href="/wiki/Lyon" title="Lyon">Lyon</a> 1996)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">G8<br />(1997–2013)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/23rd_G8_summit" title="23rd G8 summit">23rd</a> (<a href="/wiki/Denver" title="Denver">Denver</a> 1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/24th_G8_summit" title="24th G8 summit">24th</a> (<a href="/wiki/Birmingham" title="Birmingham">Birmingham</a> 1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/25th_G8_summit" title="25th G8 summit">25th</a> (<a href="/wiki/Cologne" title="Cologne">Cologne</a> 1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/26th_G8_summit" title="26th G8 summit">26th</a> (<a href="/wiki/Okinawa_Prefecture" title="Okinawa Prefecture">Kyusyu-Okinawa</a> 2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/27th_G8_summit" title="27th G8 summit">27th</a> (<a href="/wiki/Genoa" title="Genoa">Genoa</a> 2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/28th_G8_summit" title="28th G8 summit">28th</a> (<a href="/wiki/Kananaskis_Village" title="Kananaskis Village">Kananaskis</a> 2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/29th_G8_summit" title="29th G8 summit">29th</a> (<a href="/wiki/%C3%89vian-les-Bains" title="Évian-les-Bains">Évian-les-Bains</a> 2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/30th_G8_summit" title="30th G8 summit">30th</a> (<a href="/wiki/Sea_Island,_Georgia" title="Sea Island, Georgia">Sea Island</a> 2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/31st_G8_summit" title="31st G8 summit">31st</a> (<a href="/wiki/Gleneagles_Hotel" title="Gleneagles Hotel">Gleneagles</a> 2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/32nd_G8_summit" title="32nd G8 summit">32nd</a> (<a href="/wiki/Saint_Petersburg" title="Saint Petersburg">Saint Petersburg</a> 2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/33rd_G8_summit" title="33rd G8 summit">33rd</a> (<a href="/wiki/Heiligendamm" title="Heiligendamm">Heiligendamm</a> 2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/34th_G8_summit" title="34th G8 summit">34th</a> (<a href="/wiki/T%C5%8Dyako,_Hokkaido" title="Tōyako, Hokkaido">Hokkaido-Toyako</a> 2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/35th_G8_summit" title="35th G8 summit">35th</a> (<a href="/wiki/L%27Aquila" title="L'Aquila">L'Aquila</a> 2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/36th_G8_summit" title="36th G8 summit">36th</a> (<a href="/wiki/Huntsville,_Ontario" title="Huntsville, Ontario">Huntsville</a> 2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/37th_G8_summit" title="37th G8 summit">37th</a> (<a href="/wiki/Deauville" title="Deauville">Deauville</a> 2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/38th_G8_summit" title="38th G8 summit">38th</a> (<a href="/wiki/Camp_David" title="Camp David">Camp David</a> 2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/39th_G8_summit" title="39th G8 summit">39th</a> (<a href="/wiki/Lough_Erne" title="Lough Erne">Lough Erne</a> 2013)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">G7<br />(2014–present)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/40th_G7_summit" title="40th G7 summit">40th</a> (<a href="/wiki/Brussels" title="Brussels">Brussels</a> 2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/41st_G7_summit" title="41st G7 summit">41st</a> (<a href="/wiki/Schloss_Elmau" title="Schloss Elmau">Schloss Elmau</a> 2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/42nd_G7_summit" title="42nd G7 summit">42nd</a> (<a href="/wiki/Shima,_Mie" title="Shima, Mie">Ise-Shima</a> 2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/43rd_G7_summit" title="43rd G7 summit">43rd</a> (<a href="/wiki/Taormina" title="Taormina">Taormina</a> 2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/44th_G7_summit" title="44th G7 summit">44th</a> (<a href="/wiki/La_Malbaie" title="La Malbaie">La Malbaie</a> 2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/45th_G7_summit" title="45th G7 summit">45th</a> (<a href="/wiki/Biarritz" title="Biarritz">Biarritz</a> 2019)</li> <li><s><a href="/wiki/46th_G7_summit" title="46th G7 summit">46th</a> (<a href="/wiki/Camp_David" title="Camp David">Camp David</a> 2020)</s></li> <li><a href="/wiki/47th_G7_summit" title="47th G7 summit">47th</a> (<a href="/wiki/Carbis_Bay" title="Carbis Bay">Carbis Bay</a> 2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/48th_G7_summit" title="48th G7 summit">48th</a> (<a href="/wiki/Schloss_Elmau" title="Schloss Elmau">Schloss Elmau</a> 2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/49th_G7_summit" title="49th G7 summit">49th</a> (<a href="/wiki/Hiroshima" title="Hiroshima">Hiroshima</a> 2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/50th_G7_summit" title="50th G7 summit">50th</a> (<a href="/wiki/Fasano" title="Fasano">Fasano</a> 2024)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/51st_G7_summit" title="51st G7 summit">51st</a> (<a href="/wiki/Kananaskis_Village" title="Kananaskis Village">Kananaskis</a> 2025)</i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Power_in_international_relations68" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:International_power" title="Template:International power"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:International_power" title="Template talk:International power"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:International_power" title="Special:EditPage/Template:International power"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Power_in_international_relations68" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Power_(international_relations)" title="Power (international relations)">Power in international relations</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.5em"><a href="/wiki/Power_(social_and_political)" title="Power (social and political)">Types</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Framework_Convention_on_Climate_Change" title="United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change">Climate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_power" title="Economic power">Economic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_superpower" title="Energy superpower">Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Food_power" title="Food power">Food</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hard_power" title="Hard power">Hard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maritime_power" title="Maritime power">Maritime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_power" title="National power">National</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Power_politics" title="Power politics">Politics</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Realpolitik" title="Realpolitik">Realpolitik</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharp_power" title="Sharp power">Sharp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smart_power" title="Smart power">Smart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soft_power" title="Soft power">Soft</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.5em">Status</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Small_power" title="Small power">Small</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_power" title="Middle power">Middle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regional_power" title="Regional power">Regional</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emerging_power" title="Emerging power">Emerging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_power" title="Great power">Great</a> (<a href="/wiki/Least_of_the_Great_Powers" class="mw-redirect" title="Least of the Great Powers">Least Great</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superpower" title="Superpower">Super</a> (<a href="/wiki/Potential_superpower" title="Potential superpower">Potential</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.5em"><a href="/wiki/Geopolitics" title="Geopolitics">Geopolitics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_Century" class="mw-redirect" title="African Century">African</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Century" title="American Century">American</a> (<a href="/wiki/Pax_Americana" title="Pax Americana">Pax</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asian_Century" title="Asian Century">Asian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Century" title="Chinese Century">Chinese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Century" title="Indian Century">Indian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Century" title="Pacific Century">Pacific</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.5em">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ancient_great_powers" title="List of ancient great powers">List of ancient great powers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_medieval_great_powers" title="List of medieval great powers">List of medieval great powers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_modern_great_powers" title="List of modern great powers">List of modern great powers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_relations_(1814%E2%80%931919)" title="International relations (1814–1919)">International relations (1814–1919)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-Western_era" title="Post-Western era">Post-Western era</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.5em">Theory</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_decline" title="American decline">American decline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balance_of_power_(international_relations)" title="Balance of power (international relations)">Balance of power</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_balance_of_power" title="European balance of power">European</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deterrence_theory" title="Deterrence theory">Deterrence theory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hegemonic_stability_theory" title="Hegemonic stability theory">Hegemonic stability theory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multilateralism" title="Multilateralism">Multilateralism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internationalism_(politics)" title="Internationalism (politics)">Internationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Power_(social_and_political)" title="Power (social and political)">Philosophy of power</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polarity_(international_relations)" title="Polarity (international relations)">Polarity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Power_projection" title="Power projection">Power projection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Power_transition_theory" title="Power transition theory">Power transition theory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Superpower" class="mw-redirect" title="Second Superpower">Second Superpower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sphere_of_influence" title="Sphere of influence">Sphere of influence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superpower_collapse" class="mw-redirect" title="Superpower collapse">Superpower collapse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superpower_disengagement" class="mw-redirect" title="Superpower disengagement">Superpower disengagement</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.5em">Studies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Composite_Index_of_National_Capability" title="Composite Index of National Capability">Composite Index of National Capability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comprehensive_National_Power" title="Comprehensive National Power">Comprehensive National Power</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Organizations_and_groups_by_region68" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Regional_organization" title="Regional organization">Organizations and groups</a> by region</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.5em">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_Union" title="African Union">African Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_for_the_Mediterranean" title="Union for the Mediterranean">Union for the Mediterranean</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.5em">Africa–Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arab_League" title="Arab League">Arab League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_Cooperation_Council" title="Gulf Cooperation Council">Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf (GCC)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organisation_of_Islamic_Cooperation" title="Organisation of Islamic Cooperation">Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.5em">Americas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Association_of_Caribbean_States" title="Association of Caribbean States">Association of Caribbean States (ACS)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caribbean_Community" title="Caribbean Community">Caribbean Community (CARICOM)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_American_Integration_System" title="Central American Integration System">Central American Integration System (SICA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Community_of_Latin_American_and_Caribbean_States" title="Community of Latin American and Caribbean States">Community of Latin American and Caribbean States (CELAC)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mercosur" title="Mercosur">Mercosur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organization_of_American_States" title="Organization of American States">Organization of American States (OAS)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_of_South_American_Nations" title="Union of South American Nations">Union of South American Nations (UNASUR)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.5em">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asia_Cooperation_Dialogue" title="Asia Cooperation Dialogue">Asia Cooperation Dialogue (ACD)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asia-Pacific_Economic_Cooperation" title="Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation">Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ASEAN" title="ASEAN">Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bay_of_Bengal_Initiative_for_Multi-Sectoral_Technical_and_Economic_Cooperation" class="mw-redirect" title="Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation">Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation (BIMSTEC)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conference_on_Interaction_and_Confidence-Building_Measures_in_Asia" title="Conference on Interaction and Confidence-Building Measures in Asia">Conference on Interaction and Confidence-Building Measures in Asia (CICA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_Cooperation_Organization" title="Economic Cooperation Organization">Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Asian_Association_for_Regional_Cooperation" title="South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation">South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shanghai_Cooperation_Organisation" title="Shanghai Cooperation Organisation">Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trilateral_Cooperation_Secretariat" title="Trilateral Cooperation Secretariat">Trilateral Cooperation Secretariat (TCS)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.5em">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Organization_of_the_Black_Sea_Economic_Cooperation" title="Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation">Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Europe" title="Council of Europe">Council of Europe (CoE)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Political_Community" title="European Political Community">European Political Community (EPC)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union (EU)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nordic_Council" title="Nordic Council">Nordic Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visegr%C3%A1d_Group" title="Visegrád Group">Visegrád Group (V4)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.5em">Eurasia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Independent_States" title="Commonwealth of Independent States">Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collective_Security_Treaty_Organization" title="Collective Security Treaty Organization">Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_Cooperation_Organization" title="Economic Cooperation Organization">Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurasian_Economic_Union" title="Eurasian Economic Union">Eurasian Economic Union (EaEU)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organization_of_Turkic_States" title="Organization of Turkic States">Organization of Turkic States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.5em">North America–Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arctic_Council" title="Arctic Council">Arctic Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.5em">Africa–Asia–Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Union_for_the_Mediterranean" title="Union for the Mediterranean">Union for the Mediterranean</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.5em">Africa–South America</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/South_Atlantic_Peace_and_Cooperation_Zone" title="South Atlantic Peace and Cooperation Zone">South Atlantic Peace and Cooperation Zone</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.5em">Oceania–Pacific</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asia-Pacific_Economic_Cooperation" title="Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation">Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ANZUS" title="ANZUS">Australia–New Zealand–United States Security Treaty (ANZUS)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melanesian_Spearhead_Group" title="Melanesian Spearhead Group">Melanesian Spearhead Group (MSG)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Islands_Forum" title="Pacific Islands Forum">Pacific Islands Forum (PIF)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polynesian_Leaders_Group" title="Polynesian Leaders Group">Polynesian Leaders Group (PLG)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.5em;padding:0.35em 1.0em;line-height:1.25em;">Non–regional</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BRICS" title="BRICS">Brazil–Russia–India–China–South Africa (BRICS)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Nations" title="Commonwealth of Nations">Commonwealth of Nations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Community_of_Portuguese_Speaking_Countries" class="mw-redirect" title="Community of Portuguese Speaking Countries">Community of Portuguese Speaking Countries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E9_(countries)" title="E9 (countries)">E9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G4_nations" title="G4 nations">G4</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">G7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Group_of_Eight" class="mw-redirect" title="Group of Eight">G8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G8%2B5" title="G8+5">G8+5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G20" title="G20">G20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Group_of_24" title="Group of 24">G24</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Group_of_77" title="Group of 77">G77</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBSA_Dialogue_Forum" title="IBSA Dialogue Forum">India–Brazil–South Africa Dialogue Forum (IBSA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-Aligned_Movement" title="Non-Aligned Movement">Non-Aligned Movement (NAM)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OECD" title="OECD">Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organisation_internationale_de_la_Francophonie" title="Organisation internationale de la Francophonie">Organisation internationale de la Francophonie (OIF)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uniting_for_Consensus" title="Uniting for Consensus">Uniting for Consensus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.5em">Global</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations (UN)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Western_world_and_culture240" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Western_world" title="Template:Western world"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Western_world" title="Template talk:Western world"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Western_world" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Western world"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Western_world_and_culture240" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Western_world" title="Western world">Western world</a> and <a href="/wiki/Western_culture" title="Western culture">culture</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Foundations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cradle_of_civilization" title="Cradle of civilization">Cradle of civilization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_World" title="Old World">Old World</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greco-Roman_world" title="Greco-Roman world">Greco-Roman world</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greece" title="Ancient Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hellenistic_period" title="Hellenistic period">Hellenistic Kingdoms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Rome" title="Ancient Rome">Rome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Empire" title="Roman Empire">Roman Empire</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Western_Roman_Empire" title="Western Roman Empire">Western</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire" title="Byzantine Empire">Eastern</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legacy_of_the_Roman_Empire" title="Legacy of the Roman Empire">Roman legacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanization_(cultural)" title="Romanization (cultural)">Romanization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romano-Germanic_culture" title="Romano-Germanic culture">Romano-Germanic culture</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gallo-Roman_culture" title="Gallo-Roman culture">Gallo-Roman</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christendom" title="Christendom">Christendom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Western_civilization" title="History of Western civilization">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bronze_Age_Europe" title="Bronze Age Europe">European Bronze Age</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classical_antiquity" title="Classical antiquity">Classical antiquity</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Late_antiquity" title="Late antiquity">Late antiquity</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_Ages" title="Middle Ages">Middle Ages</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Early_Middle_Ages" title="Early Middle Ages">early</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Middle_Ages" title="High Middle Ages">high</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Late_Middle_Ages" title="Late Middle Ages">late</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renaissance" title="Renaissance">Renaissance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modern_period" class="mw-redirect" title="Modern period">Modern period</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Early_modern_period" title="Early modern period">Early modern period</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Age_of_Discovery" title="Age of Discovery">Age of Discovery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reformation" title="Reformation">Reformation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Age_of_Enlightenment" title="Age of Enlightenment">Age of Enlightenment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientific_Revolution" title="Scientific Revolution">Scientific Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Age_of_Revolution" title="Age of Revolution">Age of Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanticism" title="Romanticism">Romanticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abolitionism" title="Abolitionism">Abolitionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emancipation" title="Emancipation">Emancipation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capitalism" title="Capitalism">Capitalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Industrial_Revolution" title="Industrial Revolution">Industrial Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Divergence" title="Great Divergence">Great Divergence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modernism" title="Modernism">Modernism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interwar_period" title="Interwar period">Interwar period</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_suffrage" title="Universal suffrage">Universal suffrage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post%E2%80%93Cold_War_era" title="Post–Cold War era">Post–Cold War era</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Information_Age" title="Information Age">Information age</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_on_terror" title="War on terror">War on terror</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Western_culture" title="Western culture">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alphabet" title="Alphabet">Alphabet</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greek_alphabet" title="Greek alphabet">Greek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latin_script" title="Latin script">Latin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyrillic_script" title="Cyrillic script">Cyrillic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Architecture" title="Architecture">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_of_Europe" title="Art of Europe">Art</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Periods_in_Western_art_history" title="Periods in Western art history">Periods</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregorian_calendar" title="Gregorian calendar">Calendar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_cuisine" title="European cuisine">Cuisine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Western_pattern_diet" title="Western pattern diet">Diet</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classical_tradition" title="Classical tradition">Classical tradition</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Classics" title="Classics">Studies</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_dress_codes" title="Western dress codes">Clothing</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Western_fashion" title="History of Western fashion">History</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_dance_(Europe_and_North_America)" class="mw-redirect" title="Western dance (Europe and North America)">Dance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_education" title="Western education">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_esotericism" title="Western esotericism">Esotericism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Western_astrology" title="Western astrology">Astrology</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_folklore" title="European folklore">Folklore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immigration_to_the_Western_world" title="Immigration to the Western world">Immigration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_law" title="Western law">Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Europe" title="Languages of Europe">Languages</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eurolinguistics" title="Eurolinguistics">Eurolinguistics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Standard_Average_European" title="Standard Average European">Standard Average European</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_literature" title="Western literature">Literature</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Western_canon" title="Western canon">Canon</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_media" title="Western media">Media</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Internet" title="Internet">Internet</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music" title="Music">Music</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chant" title="Chant">Chant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classical_music" title="Classical music">Classical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_European_folk_music_traditions" title="List of European folk music traditions">Folk</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_mythology" class="mw-redirect" title="European mythology">Mythology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_painting" title="Western painting">Painting</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/20th-century_Western_painting" title="20th-century Western painting">contemporary</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_philosophy" title="Western philosophy">Philosophy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Philosophy_of_science" title="Philosophy of science">Science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Values_(Western_philosophy)" class="mw-redirect" title="Values (Western philosophy)">Values</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_physical_culture" title="Western physical culture">Physical culture</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Western_sports" title="Western sports">Sport</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_religions" title="Western religions">Religion</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/East%E2%80%93West_Schism" title="East–West Schism">East–West Schism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Christianity" title="Western Christianity">Western Christianity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Decline_of_Christianity_in_the_Western_world" title="Decline of Christianity in the Western world">Decline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secularism" title="Secularism">Secularism</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Western_philosophy" title="Western philosophy">Philosophy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_philosophy" title="Ancient Greek philosophy">Ancient Greek philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hellenistic_philosophy" title="Hellenistic philosophy">Hellenistic philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Roman_philosophy" title="Ancient Roman philosophy">Ancient Roman philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_ethics" title="Christian ethics">Christian ethics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judeo-Christian_ethics" title="Judeo-Christian ethics">Judeo-Christian ethics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_philosophy" title="Christian philosophy">Christian philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scholasticism" title="Scholasticism">Scholasticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rationalism" title="Rationalism">Rationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Empiricism" title="Empiricism">Empiricism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Existentialism" title="Existentialism">Existentialism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_existentialism" title="Christian existentialism">Christian existentialism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humanism" title="Humanism">Humanism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_humanism" title="Christian humanism">Christian humanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secular_humanism" title="Secular humanism">Secular humanism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism" title="Liberalism">Liberalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservatism" title="Conservatism">Conservatism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialism" title="Socialism">Socialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Continental_philosophy" title="Continental philosophy">Continental philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Analytic_philosophy" title="Analytic philosophy">Analytic philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-structuralism" title="Post-structuralism">Post-structuralism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toleration" title="Toleration">Tolerance</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paradox_of_tolerance" title="Paradox of tolerance">Paradox</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Relativism" title="Relativism">Relativism</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Peritrope" title="Peritrope">Peritrope</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlanticism" title="Atlanticism">Atlanticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sovereigntism" title="Sovereigntism">Sovereigntism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_values" title="Western values">Values</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_values" title="European values">European</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Western_religions" title="Western religions">Religion</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abrahamic_religions" title="Abrahamic religions">Abrahamic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christianity</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_culture" title="Christian culture">Culture</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Western_Christianity" title="Western Christianity">Western</a>/<a href="/wiki/Eastern_Christianity" title="Eastern Christianity">Eastern</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholicism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Latin_Church" title="Latin Church">Latin Church</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodoxy" title="Eastern Orthodoxy">Eastern Orthodoxy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greek_Orthodox_Church" title="Greek Orthodox Church">Greek Orthodox Church</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protestantism" title="Protestantism">Protestantism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judaism" title="Judaism">Judaism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_culture" title="Jewish culture">Culture</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paganism" title="Paganism">Paganism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baltic_mythology" title="Baltic mythology">Baltic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Celtic_religion" title="Ancient Celtic religion">Celtic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finnish_paganism" class="mw-redirect" title="Finnish paganism">Finnish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germanic_paganism" title="Germanic paganism">Germanic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Saxon_paganism" title="Anglo-Saxon paganism">Anglo-Saxon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frankish_mythology" class="mw-redirect" title="Frankish mythology">Frankish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_paganism" title="Gothic paganism">Gothic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Norse_religion" title="Old Norse religion">Old Norse</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hellenistic_religion" title="Hellenistic religion">Hellenistic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_ancient_Rome" title="Religion in ancient Rome">Roman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slavic_paganism" title="Slavic paganism">Slavic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modern_paganism" title="Modern paganism">Neo</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agnosticism" title="Agnosticism">Agnosticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atheism" title="Atheism">Atheism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Western_law" title="Western law">Law</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Natural_law" title="Natural law">Natural law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rule_of_law" title="Rule of law">Rule of law</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Equality_before_the_law" title="Equality before the law">Equality before the law</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitutionalism" title="Constitutionalism">Constitutionalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights" title="Human rights">Human rights</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Right_to_life" title="Right to life">Life</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_thought" title="Freedom of thought">Thought</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_speech" title="Freedom of speech">Speech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_the_press" title="Freedom of the press">Press</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_religion" title="Freedom of religion">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Right_to_property" title="Right to property">Property</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democracy" title="Democracy">Democracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_law" title="International law">International law</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Contemporary<br />integration</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ABCANZ_Armies" title="ABCANZ Armies">ABCANZ Armies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assembly_of_European_Regions" title="Assembly of European Regions">AER</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Portuguese_Alliance" title="Anglo-Portuguese Alliance">Anglo-Portuguese Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ANZUK" title="ANZUK">ANZUK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ANZUS" title="ANZUS">ANZUS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arctic_Council" title="Arctic Council">Arctic Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AUKUS" title="AUKUS">AUKUS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AUSCANNZUKUS" title="AUSCANNZUKUS">AUSCANNZUKUS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baltic_Assembly" title="Baltic Assembly">Baltic Assembly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benelux" title="Benelux">Benelux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British%E2%80%93Irish_Council" title="British–Irish Council">British–Irish Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organization_of_the_Black_Sea_Economic_Cooperation" title="Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation">BSEC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bucharest_Nine" title="Bucharest Nine">Bucharest Nine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CANZUK" title="CANZUK">CANZUK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_the_Baltic_Sea_States" title="Council of the Baltic Sea States">CBSS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_European_Free_Trade_Agreement" title="Central European Free Trade Agreement">CEFTA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Europe" title="Council of Europe">Council of Europe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Craiova_Group" title="Craiova Group">Craiova Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_European_Group" title="Eastern European Group">Eastern European Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Partnership" title="Eastern Partnership">Eastern Partnership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Economic_Area" title="European Economic Area">EEA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Free_Trade_Association" title="European Free Trade Association">EFTA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Political_Community" title="European Political Community">EPC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Space_Agency" title="European Space Agency">ESA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">EU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union_Customs_Union" title="European Union Customs Union">EU Customs Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurozone" title="Eurozone">Eurozone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EU%E2%80%93UK_Trade_and_Cooperation_Agreement" title="EU–UK Trade and Cooperation Agreement">EU–UK TCA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Five_Eyes" title="Five Eyes">Five Eyes</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">G7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lancaster_House_Treaties" title="Lancaster House Treaties">Lancaster House Treaties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lublin_Triangle" title="Lublin Triangle">Lublin Triangle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">NATO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nordic_Council" title="Nordic Council">Nordic Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organization_of_American_States" title="Organization of American States">OAS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OECD" title="OECD">OECD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_Balkan" title="Open Balkan">Open Balkan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organization_for_Security_and_Co-operation_in_Europe" title="Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe">OSCE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Islands_Forum" title="Pacific Islands Forum">Pacific Islands Forum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forum_for_the_Progress_and_Integration_of_South_America" title="Forum for the Progress and Integration of South America">PROSUR/PROSUL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inter-American_Treaty_of_Reciprocal_Assistance" title="Inter-American Treaty of Reciprocal Assistance">Rio Treaty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schengen_Area" title="Schengen Area">Schengen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_Relationship" title="Special Relationship">Special Relationship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three_Seas_Initiative" title="Three Seas Initiative">Three Seas Initiative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UKUSA_Agreement" title="UKUSA Agreement">UKUSA Agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States%E2%80%93Mexico%E2%80%93Canada_Agreement" title="United States–Mexico–Canada Agreement">USMCA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visegr%C3%A1d_Group" title="Visegrád Group">Visegrád Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Nordic_Council" title="West Nordic Council">West Nordic Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Bloc" title="Western Bloc">Western Bloc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_European_and_Others_Group" title="Western European and Others Group">Western European and Others Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westernization" title="Westernization">Westernization</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1764511#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata2175" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1764511#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata2175" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1764511#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000115480025">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/155883407">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/678679/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39QH7JmpVCgVB6GWdfbQtD4Fg">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Group of Seven"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/16004018-8">Germany</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/no92014827">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Groupe des sept"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb123740680">France</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Groupe des sept"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb123740680">BnF data</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000279423&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="G7"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810819147805606">Poland</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007262025205171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="G7 (1975-1998)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/03119737X">IdRef</a></span></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=G7&oldid=1274903158">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=G7&oldid=1274903158</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:G7_summits" title="Category:G7 summits">G7 summits</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Intergovernmental_organizations" title="Category:Intergovernmental organizations">Intergovernmental organizations</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:International_economic_organizations" title="Category:International economic organizations">International economic organizations</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Economic_country_classifications" title="Category:Economic country classifications">Economic country classifications</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:20th-century_diplomatic_conferences" title="Category:20th-century diplomatic conferences">20th-century diplomatic conferences</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:21st-century_diplomatic_conferences" title="Category:21st-century diplomatic conferences">21st-century diplomatic conferences</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Organizations_established_in_1975" title="Category:Organizations established in 1975">Organizations established in 1975</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Category:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_French-language_sources_(fr)" title="Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)">CS1 French-language sources (fr)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_Spanish-language_sources_(es)" title="Category:CS1 Spanish-language sources (es)">CS1 Spanish-language sources (es)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_Italian-language_sources_(it)" title="Category:CS1 Italian-language sources (it)">CS1 Italian-language sources (it)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_Japanese-language_sources_(ja)" title="Category:CS1 Japanese-language sources (ja)">CS1 Japanese-language sources (ja)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_errors:_missing_title" title="Category:CS1 errors: missing title">CS1 errors: missing title</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_errors:_bare_URL" title="Category:CS1 errors: bare URL">CS1 errors: bare URL</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_October_2022" title="Category:Use dmy dates from October 2022">Use dmy dates from October 2022</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_French-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing French-language text">Articles containing French-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_German-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing German-language text">Articles containing German-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Italian-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Italian-language text">Articles containing Italian-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Japanese-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Japanese-language text">Articles containing Japanese-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Infoboxes_without_native_name_language_parameter" title="Category:Infoboxes without native name language parameter">Infoboxes without native name language parameter</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_in_need_of_updating_from_January_2022" title="Category:Wikipedia articles in need of updating from January 2022">Wikipedia articles in need of updating from January 2022</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_Wikipedia_articles_in_need_of_updating" title="Category:All Wikipedia articles in need of updating">All Wikipedia articles in need of updating</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_is_on_Wikidata" title="Category:Commons category link is on Wikidata">Commons category link is on Wikidata</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 9 February 2025, at 22:27<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=G7&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" lang="en" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-header-container vector-sticky-header-container"> <div id="vector-sticky-header" class="vector-sticky-header"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-start"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-start vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" aria-hidden="true"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-sticky-header-search-toggle" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.vector-sticky-search-form.icon"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </button> </div> <div role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box"> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="vector-sticky-search-form" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia"> <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-sticky-header-toc vector-sticky-header-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-sticky-header-toc-label" for="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar-primary" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="mw-page-title-main">G7</span></div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-end" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icons"> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-talk-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="talk-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbles mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbles"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-subject-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="subject-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-article mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-article"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-history-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="history-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-history mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-history"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only mw-watchlink" id="ca-watchstar-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="watch-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-star mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-star"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="wikitext-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikiText mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-wikiText"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-ve-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-editLock mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-editLock"></span> <span></span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-language"></span> <span>75 languages</span> </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbleAdd-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbleAdd-progressive"></span> <span>Add topic</span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-7878cd4448-9cxfb","wgBackendResponseTime":144,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"1.944","walltime":"2.367","ppvisitednodes":{"value":23533,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":743980,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":138538,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":17,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":18,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":655639,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 1801.809 1 -total"," 43.68% 786.966 1 Template:Reflist"," 20.47% 368.823 80 Template:Cite_web"," 17.50% 315.269 2 Template:Infobox"," 15.62% 281.357 1 Template:Infobox_organization"," 11.94% 215.083 51 Template:Cite_news"," 9.83% 177.039 1 Template:Navboxes"," 6.91% 124.493 3 Template:Unbulleted_list"," 6.68% 120.292 13 Template:Navbox"," 5.85% 105.358 4 Template:Langx"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"1.001","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":19217932,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-profile":[["?","260","22.0"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::callParserFunction","180","15.3"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::match","120","10.2"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::getExpandedArgument","100","8.5"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::gsub","80","6.8"],["recursiveClone \u003CmwInit.lua:45\u003E","60","5.1"],["tostring","60","5.1"],["type","60","5.1"],["dataWrapper \u003Cmw.lua:672\u003E","40","3.4"],["lower","40","3.4"],["[others]","180","15.3"]]},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-7878cd4448-m8swl","timestamp":"20250211195746","ttl":14551,"transientcontent":true}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"G7","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/G7","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q1764511","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q1764511","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2004-11-22T05:21:18Z","dateModified":"2025-02-09T22:27:50Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/b\/b2\/P20240613AS-0546.jpg","headline":"international intergovernmental economic organization"}</script> </body> </html>