CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>14th Dalai Lama - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"d49ac629-57f9-41f9-8043-2534ad119d56","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"14th_Dalai_Lama","wgTitle":"14th Dalai Lama","wgCurRevisionId":1257990735,"wgRevisionId":1257990735,"wgArticleId":20238168,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Articles containing Standard Tibetan-language text","Pages with Standard Tibetan IPA","Articles containing simplified Chinese-language text","Articles containing traditional Chinese-language text","Articles containing Chinese-language text","Webarchive template wayback links","CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list","CS1 Chinese-language sources (zh)","CS1 uses Chinese-language script (zh)","All articles with dead external links", "Articles with dead external links from June 2023","Articles with permanently dead external links","CS1 maint: location missing publisher","CS1 Spanish-language sources (es)","Articles with short description","Short description is different from Wikidata","Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages","Wikipedia pending changes protected pages","EngvarB from July 2023","Use dmy dates from July 2023","All accuracy disputes","Articles with disputed statements from November 2023","All articles with unsourced statements","Articles with unsourced statements from October 2021","Articles with unsourced statements from March 2017","Articles with unsourced statements from January 2023","All articles that may have off-topic sections","Wikipedia articles that may have off-topic sections from February 2018","Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata","Articles with Internet Archive links","People appearing on C-SPAN","Nobelprize template using Wikidata property P8024", "Articles containing video clips","14th Dalai Lama","1935 births","20th-century lamas","20th-century philosophers","20th-century Tibetan people","21st-century philosophers","21st-century Tibetan people","Buddhist and Christian interfaith dialogue","Buddhist socialism","Buddhist feminists","Buddhist monks from Tibet","Buddhist pacifists","Scholars of Buddhism from Tibet","Civil rights activists","Dalai Lamas","Dorje Shugden controversy","Ecofeminists","Living people","Male feminists","Tibetan Marxists","Marxist feminists","Congressional Gold Medal recipients","Nautilus Book Award winners","Nobel Peace Prize laureates","Nobel laureates from the People's Republic of China","Vice Chairpersons of the National People's Congress","Nonviolence advocates","People from Kangra, Himachal Pradesh","People from Ping'an","Ramon Magsaysay Award winners","Tibetan activists","Tibetan dissidents","Tibetan Buddhists from Tibet","Tibet freedom activists","Tibetan environmentalists","Tibetan feminists", "Tibetan pacifists","Templeton Prize laureates","People associated with animal welfare and rights","21st-century Buddhist monks","21st-century lamas","Tibetan refugees","Tibetan emigrants to India","World War II political leaders"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"14th_Dalai_Lama","wgRelevantArticleId":20238168,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":["sysop"],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgStableRevisionId":1257990735,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false, "wgWMEPageLength":300000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q17293","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","ext.tmh.player.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.flaggedRevs.basic":"ready", "mediawiki.codex.messagebox.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","ext.tmh.player","ext.scribunto.logs","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.flaggedRevs.advanced","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession", "wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.flaggedRevs.basic%7Cext.tmh.player.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cmediawiki.codex.messagebox.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.5"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Tenzin_Gyatso_-_Trento_2013_01.JPG/1200px-Tenzin_Gyatso_-_Trento_2013_01.JPG"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1677"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Tenzin_Gyatso_-_Trento_2013_01.JPG/800px-Tenzin_Gyatso_-_Trento_2013_01.JPG"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1118"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Tenzin_Gyatso_-_Trento_2013_01.JPG/640px-Tenzin_Gyatso_-_Trento_2013_01.JPG"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="894"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="14th Dalai Lama - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/14th_Dalai_Lama"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=14th_Dalai_Lama&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/14th_Dalai_Lama"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-14th_Dalai_Lama rootpage-14th_Dalai_Lama skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Main menu </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z">Main page</a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia">Contents</a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events">Current events</a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x">Random article</a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works">About Wikipedia</a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia">Contact us</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia">Help</a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia">Learn to edit</a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors">Community portal</a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r">Recent changes</a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia">Upload file</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"> Search </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Appearance </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class="">Donate</a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=14th+Dalai+Lama" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class="">Create account</a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=14th+Dalai+Lama" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class="">Log in</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Personal tools </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en">Donate</a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=14th+Dalai+Lama" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"> Create account</a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=14th+Dalai+Lama" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"> Log in</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing">learn more</a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y">Contributions</a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n">Talk</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Early_life_and_background" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_life_and_background"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1 Early life and background </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_life_and_background-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Life_as_the_Dalai_Lama" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Life_as_the_Dalai_Lama"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 Life as the Dalai Lama </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Life_as_the_Dalai_Lama-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Life as the Dalai Lama subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Life_as_the_Dalai_Lama-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Cooperation_and_conflicts_with_the_People's_Republic_of_China" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cooperation_and_conflicts_with_the_People's_Republic_of_China"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 Cooperation and conflicts with the People's Republic of China </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cooperation_and_conflicts_with_the_People's_Republic_of_China-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Exile_to_India" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Exile_to_India"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2 Exile to India </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Exile_to_India-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-International_advocacy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International_advocacy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3 International advocacy </div> </a> <ul id="toc-International_advocacy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Teaching_activities,_public_talks" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Teaching_activities,_public_talks"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.4 Teaching activities, public talks </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Teaching_activities,_public_talks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Interfaith_dialogue" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Interfaith_dialogue"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.5 Interfaith dialogue </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Interfaith_dialogue-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Interest_in_science,_and_Mind_and_Life_Institute" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Interest_in_science,_and_Mind_and_Life_Institute"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.6 Interest in science, and Mind and Life Institute </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Interest_in_science,_and_Mind_and_Life_Institute-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Personal_meditation_practice" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Personal_meditation_practice"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.7 Personal meditation practice </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Personal_meditation_practice-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Social_stances" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Social_stances"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Social stances </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Social_stances-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Social stances subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Social_stances-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Tibetan_independence" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tibetan_independence"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Tibetan independence </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tibetan_independence-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Abortion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Abortion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 Abortion </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Abortion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Death_penalty" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Death_penalty"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3 Death penalty </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Death_penalty-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Democracy,_nonviolence,_religious_harmony,_and_Tibet's_relationship_with_India" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Democracy,_nonviolence,_religious_harmony,_and_Tibet's_relationship_with_India"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.4 Democracy, nonviolence, religious harmony, and Tibet's relationship with India </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Democracy,_nonviolence,_religious_harmony,_and_Tibet's_relationship_with_India-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Diet_and_animal_welfare" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Diet_and_animal_welfare"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.5 Diet and animal welfare </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Diet_and_animal_welfare-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economics_and_political_stance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economics_and_political_stance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.6 Economics and political stance </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economics_and_political_stance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Environment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Environment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.7 Environment </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Environment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sexuality" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sexuality"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.8 Sexuality </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sexuality-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Women's_rights" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Women's_rights"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.9 Women's rights </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Women's_rights-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Health" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Health"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.10 Health </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Health-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Response_to_COVID-19" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Response_to_COVID-19"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.10.1 Response to COVID-19 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Response_to_COVID-19-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Immigration" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Immigration"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.11 Immigration </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Immigration-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Retirement_and_succession_plans" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Retirement_and_succession_plans"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Retirement and succession plans </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Retirement_and_succession_plans-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-CIA_Tibetan_program" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#CIA_Tibetan_program"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 CIA Tibetan program </div> </a> <ul id="toc-CIA_Tibetan_program-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Criticism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Criticism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Criticism </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Criticism-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Criticism subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Criticism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ties_to_India" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ties_to_India"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1 Ties to India </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ties_to_India-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Shugden_controversy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Shugden_controversy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2 Shugden controversy </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Shugden_controversy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Comments_on_a_potential_female_Dalai_Lama" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Comments_on_a_potential_female_Dalai_Lama"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.3 Comments on a potential female Dalai Lama </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Comments_on_a_potential_female_Dalai_Lama-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gedhun_Choekyi_Nyima" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gedhun_Choekyi_Nyima"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.4 Gedhun Choekyi Nyima </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gedhun_Choekyi_Nyima-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Controversy_over_young_boy_and_"suck_my_tongue"" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Controversy_over_young_boy_and_"suck_my_tongue""> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.5 Controversy over young boy and "suck my tongue" </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Controversy_over_young_boy_and_"suck_my_tongue"-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Video_of_touching_Lady_Gaga" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Video_of_touching_Lady_Gaga"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.6 Video of touching Lady Gaga </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Video_of_touching_Lady_Gaga-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Public_image" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Public_image"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Public image </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Public_image-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Public image subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Public_image-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-In_the_media" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_the_media"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1 In the media </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_the_media-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Awards_and_honours" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Awards_and_honours"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.2 Awards and honours </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Awards_and_honours-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Publications" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Publications"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Publications </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Publications-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Discography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Discography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 Discography </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Discography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Discography subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Discography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Studio_albums" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Studio_albums"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.1 Studio albums </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Studio_albums-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Singles" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Singles"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.2 Singles </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Singles-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 Notes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12 References </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle References subsection </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12.1 Citations </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12.2 Sources </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">14th Dalai Lama</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 117 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-117" aria-hidden="true" > 117 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenzin_Gyatso" title="Tenzin Gyatso – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Tenzin Gyatso" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenzin_Gyatso" title="Tenzin Gyatso – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Tenzin Gyatso" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Alemannisch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/14%E1%8A%9B%E1%8B%8D_%E1%8B%B3%E1%88%8B%E1%8B%AD_%E1%88%8B%E1%88%9B" title="14ኛው ዳላይ ላማ – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="14ኛው ዳላይ ላማ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target">አማርኛ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%B2%D9%86_%D8%BA%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%B3%D9%88" title="تينزن غياتسو – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="تينزن غياتسو" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenzin_Gyatso" title="Tenzin Gyatso – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Tenzin Gyatso" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aragonés</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenzin_Gyatso" title="Tenzin Gyatso – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Tenzin Gyatso" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Arpetan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%82_%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E2%80%8D_%E0%A6%9B%E0%A7%8B" title="টেনজিং গিয়াত্‍ ছো – Assamese" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="টেনজিং গিয়াত্‍ ছো" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">অসমীয়া</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenzin_Gyatso" title="Tenzin Gyatso – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Tenzin Gyatso" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/XIV_Dalay_Lama" title="XIV Dalay Lama – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="XIV Dalay Lama" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%92%D9%86%E2%80%8C%D8%AF%D8%A4%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%88_%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C_%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%DB%8C" title="اوْن‌دؤردونجو دالایی لامای – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="اوْن‌دؤردونجو دالایی لامای" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dalai_Lama_ka-14" title="Dalai Lama ka-14 – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Dalai Lama ka-14" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Basa Bali</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%B6_%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%87_%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE" title="চতুর্দশ দালাই লামা – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="চতুর্দশ দালাই লামা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dalai_Lama_14-s%C3%A8" title="Dalai Lama 14-sè – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Dalai Lama 14-sè" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9-%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0_XIV" title="Далай-лама XIV – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Далай-лама XIV" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target">Башҡортса</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9-%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0_XIV" title="Далай-лама XIV – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Далай-лама XIV" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9-%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0_XIV" title="Далай-лама XIV – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Далай-лама XIV" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/14%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%81_%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%88_%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE" title="14वाँ दलाई लामा – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="14वाँ दलाई लामा" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target">भोजपुरी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%93%D1%8F%D1%86%D0%BE" title="Тензин Гяцо – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Тензин Гяцо" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%96%E0%BD%A6%E0%BE%9F%E0%BD%93%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A0%E0%BD%9B%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%93%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BE%92%E0%BE%B1%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%98%E0%BD%9A%E0%BD%BC%E0%BC%8D" title="བསྟན་འཛིན་རྒྱ་མཚོ། – Tibetan" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="བསྟན་འཛིན་རྒྱ་མཚོ།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibetan" class="interlanguage-link-target">བོད་ཡིག</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenzin_Gyatso" title="Tenzin Gyatso – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Tenzin Gyatso" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/14-%D1%80_%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="14-р Далай Лама – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="14-р Далай Лама" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target">Буряад</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenzin_Gyatso" title="Tenzin Gyatso – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Tenzin Gyatso" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9-%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0_XIV" title="Далай-лама XIV – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Далай-лама XIV" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target">Чӑвашла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenzin_Gyatso" title="Tenzin Gyatso – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Tenzin Gyatso" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cebuano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A4ndzin_Gjamccho" title="Tändzin Gjamccho – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Tändzin Gjamccho" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenzin_Gyatso" title="Tenzin Gyatso – Corsican" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Tenzin Gyatso" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Corsican" class="interlanguage-link-target">Corsu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenzin_Gyatso,_14eg_Dalai_Lama" title="Tenzin Gyatso, 14eg Dalai Lama – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Tenzin Gyatso, 14eg Dalai Lama" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenzin_Gyatso" title="Tenzin Gyatso – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Tenzin Gyatso" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenzin_Gyatso" title="Tenzin Gyatso – Northern Sami" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Tenzin Gyatso" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Northern Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target">Davvisámegiella</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenzin_Gyatso" title="Tenzin Gyatso – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Tenzin Gyatso" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenzin_Gyatso" title="Tenzin Gyatso – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Tenzin Gyatso" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A4%CE%B5%CE%BD%CE%B6%CE%AF%CE%BD_%CE%93%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%AC%CF%84%CF%83%CE%BF" title="Τενζίν Γκιάτσο – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Τενζίν Γκιάτσο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenzin_Gyatso" title="Tenzin Gyatso – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Tenzin Gyatso" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenzin_Gyatso" title="Tenzin Gyatso – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Tenzin Gyatso" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenzin_Gyatso" title="Tenzin Gyatso – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Tenzin Gyatso" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%86%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%87%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86_%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C_%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7" title="چهاردهمین دالایی لاما – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="چهاردهمین دالایی لاما" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenzin_Gyatso" title="Tenzin Gyatso – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Tenzin Gyatso" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenzin_Gyatso" title="Tenzin Gyatso – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Tenzin Gyatso" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gàidhlig</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenzin_Gyatso" title="Tenzin Gyatso – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Tenzin Gyatso" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%B9%E5%A2%9E%E5%98%89%E6%8E%AA" title="丹增嘉措 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="丹增嘉措" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target">贛語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dalai_Lama_14-s%E1%B9%B3" title="Dalai Lama 14-sṳ – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Dalai Lama 14-sṳ" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A0%9C14%EB%8C%80_%EB%8B%AC%EB%9D%BC%EC%9D%B4_%EB%9D%BC%EB%A7%88" title="제14대 달라이 라마 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="제14대 달라이 라마" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B4%D5%A1%D5%AC%D5%A1%D5%B5_%D5%AC%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%A1_XIV" title="Դալայ լամա XIV – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Դալայ լամա XIV" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8B" title="तेनजिन ग्यात्सो – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="तेनजिन ग्यात्सो" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenzin_Gyatso,_XIV._Dalaj_lama" title="Tenzin Gyatso, XIV. Dalaj lama – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Tenzin Gyatso, XIV. Dalaj lama" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenzin_Gyaco" title="Tenzin Gyaco – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Tenzin Gyaco" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ido</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dalai_Lama_ke-14" title="Dalai Lama ke-14 – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Dalai Lama ke-14" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenzin_Gyatso" title="Tenzin Gyatso – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Tenzin Gyatso" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenzin_Gyatso" title="Tenzin Gyatso – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Tenzin Gyatso" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%98%D7%A0%D7%96%D7%99%D7%9F_%D7%92%D7%99%D7%90%D7%98%D7%A1%D7%95" title="טנזין גיאטסו – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="טנזין גיאטסו" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dalai_Lama_ping_14" title="Dalai Lama ping 14 – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Dalai Lama ping 14" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Jawa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/14_%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%87_%E0%B2%A6%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%88_%E0%B2%B2%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%BE" title="14 ನೇ ದಲೈ ಲಾಮಾ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="14 ನೇ ದಲೈ ಲಾಮಾ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target">ಕನ್ನಡ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/XIV_%E1%83%93%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%98_%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90" title="XIV დალაი ლამა – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="XIV დალაი ლამა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenzin_Gyatso" title="Tenzin Gyatso – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Tenzin Gyatso" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kreyòl ayisyen</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9-%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0_XIV" title="Далай-лама XIV – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Далай-лама XIV" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кыргызча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenzin_Gyatso" title="Tenzin Gyatso – Ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Tenzin Gyatso" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="Ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ladino</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenzin_Gyatso" title="Tenzin Gyatso – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Tenzin Gyatso" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenzins_Gjaco" title="Tenzins Gjaco – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Tenzins Gjaco" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tendzin_Gyatsho" title="Tendzin Gyatsho – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Tendzin Gyatsho" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lëtzebuergesch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dalai_Lama_XIV" title="Dalai Lama XIV – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Dalai Lama XIV" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tendzin_Gyaco" title="Tendzin Gyaco – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Tendzin Gyaco" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AA%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%AE_%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%88_%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE" title="१४हम दलाई लामा – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="१४हम दलाई लामा" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target">मैथिली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%83%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%BE" title="Тенцин Ѓацо – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Тенцин Ѓацо" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenzin_Gyatso" title="Tenzin Gyatso – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Tenzin Gyatso" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malagasy</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%86%E0%B5%BB%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BF%E0%B5%BB_%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8B" title="ടെൻസിൻ ഗ്യാറ്റ്സോ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ടെൻസിൻ ഗ്യാറ്റ്സോ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AA%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%88_%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE" title="१४वे दलाई लामा – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="१४वे दलाई लामा" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%B2%D9%86_%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%B3%D9%88" title="تينزن جياتسو – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="تينزن جياتسو" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%B2%DB%8C%D9%86_%DA%AF%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%B3%D9%88" title="تنزین گیاتسو – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="تنزین گیاتسو" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target">مازِرونی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dalai_Lama_ke-14" title="Dalai Lama ke-14 – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Dalai Lama ke-14" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dalai_Lama_14-si%C3%A9" title="Dalai Lama 14-sié – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Dalai Lama 14-sié" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/14-%D1%80_%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="14-р Далай лам – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="14-р Далай лам" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Монгол</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%90%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%87%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%82%E1%80%BB%E1%80%9B%E1%80%90%E1%80%BA%E1%80%85%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF" title="တင်းဇင်းဂျရတ်စို – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="တင်းဇင်းဂျရတ်စို" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target">မြန်မာဘာသာ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenzin_Gyatso_(dalai_lama)" title="Tenzin Gyatso (dalai lama) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Tenzin Gyatso (dalai lama)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%8C%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%8C%E0%A4%81_%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%88_%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE" title="चौधौँ दलाई लामा – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="चौधौँ दलाई लामा" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%80%E3%83%A9%E3%82%A4%E3%83%BB%E3%83%A9%E3%83%9E14%E4%B8%96" title="ダライ・ラマ14世 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ダライ・ラマ14世" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenzin_Gyatso" title="Tenzin Gyatso – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Tenzin Gyatso" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenzin_Gyatso" title="Tenzin Gyatso – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Tenzin Gyatso" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenzin_Gyatso" title="Tenzin Gyatso – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Tenzin Gyatso" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Occitan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dalay_Lama_XIV" title="Dalay Lama XIV – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Dalay Lama XIV" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/14%E0%A8%B5%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%82_%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%88_%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BE" title="14ਵੇਂ ਦਲਾਈ ਲਾਮਾ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="14ਵੇਂ ਦਲਾਈ ਲਾਮਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C_%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7_(14%D9%88%D8%A7%DA%BA)" title="دلائی لاما (14واں) – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="دلائی لاما (14واں)" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">پنجابی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%98%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%8F%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%85_Dalai_Lama_%E1%9E%91%E1%9E%B8_14" title="សម្តេច Dalai Lama ទី 14 – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="សម្តេច Dalai Lama ទី 14" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target">ភាសាខ្មែរ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenzin_Gjaco" title="Tenzin Gjaco – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Tenzin Gjaco" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenzin_Gyatso" title="Tenzin Gyatso – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Tenzin Gyatso" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ksh mw-list-item"><a href="https://ksh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenzin_Gyatso" title="Tenzin Gyatso – Colognian" lang="ksh" hreflang="ksh" data-title="Tenzin Gyatso" data-language-autonym="Ripoarisch" data-language-local-name="Colognian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ripoarisch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenzin_Gyatso" title="Tenzin Gyatso – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Tenzin Gyatso" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9-%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0_XIV" title="Далай-лама XIV – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Далай-лама XIV" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C_%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7_%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%B2%D9%86_%DA%AF%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%B3%D9%88" title="دلائی لاما تنزن گیاتسو – Saraiki" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="دلائی لاما تنزن گیاتسو" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="Saraiki" class="interlanguage-link-target">سرائیکی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/14t_Dalai_Lama" title="14t Dalai Lama – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="14t Dalai Lama" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target">Scots</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tendzin_Gyatsho" title="Tendzin Gyatsho – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Tendzin Gyatsho" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenzin_Gyatso" title="Tenzin Gyatso – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Tenzin Gyatso" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sicilianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/XIV_%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%B1_%E0%B6%AF%E0%B6%BD%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%92_%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8F" title="XIV වන දලයි ලාමා – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="XIV වන දලයි ලාමා" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target">සිංහල</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/14th_Dalai_Lama" title="14th Dalai Lama – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="14th Dalai Lama" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dalajl%C3%A1ma_XIV." title="Dalajláma XIV. – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Dalajláma XIV." data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenzin_Gyatso" title="Tenzin Gyatso – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Tenzin Gyatso" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%DB%8E%D9%86%D8%B2%D9%86_%DA%AF%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%B3%DB%86" title="تێنزن گیاتسۆ – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="تێنزن گیاتسۆ" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">کوردی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%93%D1%98%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BE" title="Тензин Гјатсо – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Тензин Гјатсо" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenzin_Gjatso" title="Tenzin Gjatso – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Tenzin Gjatso" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="recommended article"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenzin_Gyatso" title="Tenzin Gyatso – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Tenzin Gyatso" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenzin_Gyatso" title="Tenzin Gyatso – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Tenzin Gyatso" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ikalabing-apat_na_Dalai_Lama_ng_Tibet" title="Ikalabing-apat na Dalai Lama ng Tibet – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Ikalabing-apat na Dalai Lama ng Tibet" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tagalog</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%8B_(14%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%81_%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BE)" title="டென்சின் கியாட்சோ (14வது தலாய் லாமா) – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="டென்சின் கியாட்சோ (14வது தலாய் லாமா)" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adalaylama_wis_14" title="Adalaylama wis 14 – Kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Adalaylama wis 14" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target">Taqbaylit</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9-%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0_XIV" title="Далай-лама XIV – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Далай-лама XIV" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Татарча / tatarça</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/14_%E0%B0%B5_%E0%B0%A6%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%88%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%BE" title="14 వ దలైలామా – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="14 వ దలైలామా" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target">తెలుగు</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88_14" title="ทะไลลามะที่ 14 – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ทะไลลามะที่ 14" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenzin_Gyatso" title="Tenzin Gyatso – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Tenzin Gyatso" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/XIV-%D0%BA%D2%AF_%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9-%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="XIV-кү Далай-Лама – Tuvinian" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="XIV-кү Далай-Лама" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="Tuvinian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Тыва дыл</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9-%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0_XIV" title="Далай-лама XIV – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Далай-лама XIV" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%86%D9%88%D8%AF%DB%81%D9%88%D8%A7%DA%BA_%D8%AF%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C_%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7" title="چودہواں دلائی لاما – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="چودہواں دلائی لاما" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dalai_Cibseiqseiq" title="Dalai Cibseiqseiq – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Dalai Cibseiqseiq" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vahcuengh</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenzin_Gyatso" title="Tenzin Gyatso – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Tenzin Gyatso" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ika-14_nga_Dalai_Lama" title="Ika-14 nga Dalai Lama – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Ika-14 nga Dalai Lama" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target">Winaray</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%B9%E5%A2%9E%E5%98%89%E6%8E%AA" title="丹增嘉措 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="丹增嘉措" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target">吴语</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenzin_Gyatso,_14th_Dalai_Lama" title="Tenzin Gyatso, 14th Dalai Lama – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Tenzin Gyatso, 14th Dalai Lama" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target">Yorùbá</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%B9%E5%A2%9E%E5%98%89%E6%8E%AA" title="丹增嘉措 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="丹增嘉措" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">粵語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E5%8D%81%E5%9B%9B%E4%B8%96%E8%BE%BE%E8%B5%96%E5%96%87%E5%98%9B" title="第十四世达赖喇嘛 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="第十四世达赖喇嘛" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q17293#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/14th_Dalai_Lama" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c">Article</a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:14th_Dalai_Lama" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t">Talk</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" >English </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/14th_Dalai_Lama">Read</a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=14th_Dalai_Lama&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e">Edit</a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=14th_Dalai_Lama&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h">View history</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" >Tools </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/14th_Dalai_Lama">Read</a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=14th_Dalai_Lama&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e">Edit</a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=14th_Dalai_Lama&action=history">View history</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/14th_Dalai_Lama" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j">What links here</a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/14th_Dalai_Lama" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k">Related changes</a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u">Upload file</a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q">Special pages</a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=14th_Dalai_Lama&oldid=1257990735" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page">Permanent link</a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=14th_Dalai_Lama&action=info" title="More information about this page">Page information</a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=14th_Dalai_Lama&id=1257990735&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page">Cite this page</a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F14th_Dalai_Lama">Get shortened URL</a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F14th_Dalai_Lama">Download QR code</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=14th_Dalai_Lama&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file">Download as PDF</a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=14th_Dalai_Lama&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p">Printable version</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A6%E0%BE%90%E0%BD%B4%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%98%E0%BD%91%E0%BD%B4%E0%BD%93%E0%BC%8B" hreflang="en">Wikimedia Commons</a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikinews mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Category:Tenzin_Gyatso,_14th_Dalai_Lama" hreflang="en">Wikinews</a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikiquote mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Tenzin_Gyatso,_14th_Dalai_Lama" hreflang="en">Wikiquote</a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikisource mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:Tenzin_Gyatso" hreflang="en">Wikisource</a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q17293" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g">Wikidata item</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-indicator-fr-review-status" class="mw-indicator"><indicator name="fr-review-status" class="mw-fr-review-status-indicator" id="mw-fr-revision-toggle">Checked</indicator></div> <div id="mw-indicator-pp-autoreview" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Protection_policy#pending" title="All edits by unregistered and new users are subject to review prior to becoming visible to unregistered users"><img alt="Page protected with pending changes" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b7/Pending-protection-shackle.svg/20px-Pending-protection-shackle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b7/Pending-protection-shackle.svg/30px-Pending-protection-shackle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b7/Pending-protection-shackle.svg/40px-Pending-protection-shackle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><div id="mw-fr-revision-messages"><div id="mw-fr-revision-details" class="mw-fr-revision-details-dialog" style="display:none;"><div tabindex="0"></div><div class="cdx-dialog cdx-dialog--horizontal-actions"><header class="cdx-dialog__header cdx-dialog__header--default"><div class="cdx-dialog__header__title-group"><h2 class="cdx-dialog__header__title">Page version status</h2>This is an accepted version of this page</div><button class="cdx-button cdx-button--action-default cdx-button--weight-quiet
							cdx-button--size-medium cdx-button--icon-only cdx-dialog__header__close-button" aria-label="Close" onclick="document.getElementById("mw-fr-revision-details").style.display = "none";" type="submit"></button></header><div class="cdx-dialog__body">This is the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pending_changes" title="Wikipedia:Pending changes">latest accepted revision</a>, <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&type=review&page=14th_Dalai_Lama">reviewed</a> on 17 November 2024.</div></div><div tabindex="0"></div></div></div></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Spiritual leader of Tibet since 1940</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn" style="background-color: #cbe; color:inherit; font-size: 125%">14th Dalai Lama, Tenzin Gyatso</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image photo"><a href="/wiki/File:Tenzin_Gyatso_-_Trento_2013_01.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Tenzin Gyatso speaking" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Tenzin_Gyatso_-_Trento_2013_01.JPG/220px-Tenzin_Gyatso_-_Trento_2013_01.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="307" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Tenzin_Gyatso_-_Trento_2013_01.JPG/330px-Tenzin_Gyatso_-_Trento_2013_01.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Tenzin_Gyatso_-_Trento_2013_01.JPG/440px-Tenzin_Gyatso_-_Trento_2013_01.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1720" data-file-height="2403" /></a><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:normal;padding-bottom:0.2em;padding-top:0.2em;">The Dalai Lama in 2012</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e4dcf6;color:inherit;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">14th <a href="/wiki/Dalai_Lama" title="Dalai Lama">Dalai Lama</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Reign</th><td class="infobox-data">22 February 1940 – present</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Predecessor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/13th_Dalai_Lama" title="13th Dalai Lama">13th Dalai Lama, Thubten Gyatso</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Regent</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jamphel_Yeshe_Gyaltsen" title="Jamphel Yeshe Gyaltsen">5th Reting Rinpoche, Jamphel Yeshe Gyaltsen</a> (1934–1941)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/3rd_Taktra_Rinpoche" title="3rd Taktra Rinpoche">3rd Taktra Rinpoche</a> (1941–1950)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e4dcf6;color:inherit;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Head of the Tibetan Administration for Tibetans-in-exile</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">In office</th><td class="infobox-data">14 June 1991 – 2011</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e4dcf6;color:inherit;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Head_of_State" class="mw-redirect" title="Head of State">Head of State</a> of Tibet<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Accuracy_dispute#Disputed_statement" title="Wikipedia:Accuracy dispute">dubious</a> – <a href="/wiki/Talk:14th_Dalai_Lama#political_position" title="Talk:14th Dalai Lama">discuss</a>]</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">In office</th><td class="infobox-data">10 March 1963 – 13 June 1991</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e4dcf6;color:inherit;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Director of the Preparatory Committee for the <a href="/wiki/Tibet_Autonomous_Region" title="Tibet Autonomous Region">Tibet Autonomous Region</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">In office</th><td class="infobox-data">1956–1959</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Predecessor</th><td class="infobox-data">Office established</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Successor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Choekyi_Gyaltsen,_10th_Panchen_Lama" title="Choekyi Gyaltsen, 10th Panchen Lama">10th Panchen Lama, Choekyi Gyaltsen</a> (acting)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e4dcf6;color:inherit;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Vice_Chairperson_of_the_Standing_Committee_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress" title="Vice Chairperson of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress">Vice Chairperson of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">In office</th><td class="infobox-data">27 September 1954 – 3 January 1965<a href="#cite_note-2">[a]</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e4dcf6;color:inherit;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><div style="height: 4px; width:100%;"></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data">Lhamo Thondup (1935-07-06) 6 July 1935 (age 89) <a href="/wiki/Taktser" title="Taktser">Taktser</a>, Amdo</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Father</th><td class="infobox-data">Choekyong Tsering</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Mother</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Diki_Tsering" title="Diki Tsering">Diki Tsering</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Religion</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Tibetan_Buddhism" title="Tibetan Buddhism">Tibetan Buddhism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gelug" title="Gelug">Gelug</a> school</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Signature</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/File:Dalai_Lama%27s_Signature.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="14th Dalai Lama, Tenzin Gyatso's signature"><img alt="14th Dalai Lama, Tenzin Gyatso's signature" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Dalai_Lama%27s_Signature.svg/125px-Dalai_Lama%27s_Signature.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="55" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Dalai_Lama%27s_Signature.svg/188px-Dalai_Lama%27s_Signature.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Dalai_Lama%27s_Signature.svg/250px-Dalai_Lama%27s_Signature.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="564" data-file-height="249" /></a></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1246091330">.mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:22em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.2em;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;border-collapse:collapse;display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:table!important;float:right!important;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em!important}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-subgroup{width:100%;margin:0;border-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-none{float:none;clear:both;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-outer-title{padding:0 0.4em 0.2em;font-size:125%;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-image{padding:0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-caption,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle-with-top-image,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-caption{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle{padding:0.4em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.2em 0.8em;font-size:145%;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-image{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-heading{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content{padding:0 0.5em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content-with-subgroup{padding:0.1em 0.4em 0.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-below{padding:0.3em 0.8em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-navbar{text-align:right;font-size:115%;padding:0 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334494">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks hlist" style="border-collapse:collapse; text-align:center; background-color:#DAA520"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle" style="background:#FFEBC2">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Tibetan_Buddhism" title="Category:Tibetan Buddhism">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="background:#FFEBC2"><a href="/wiki/Tibetan_Buddhism" title="Tibetan Buddhism">Tibetan Buddhism</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><a href="/wiki/Dharmachakra" title="Tibetan Dharma Wheel"><img alt="Tibetan Dharma Wheel" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Tibetian_Wheel.svg/100px-Tibetian_Wheel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Tibetian_Wheel.svg/150px-Tibetian_Wheel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Tibetian_Wheel.svg/200px-Tibetian_Wheel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#FFEBC2;color:black; text-align:center; background-color: #FFEBC2; border: 2px solid #FFEBC2;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Schools_of_Buddhism" title="Schools of Buddhism">Schools</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="background-color: #FAE3A8; border: 2px solid #FAE3A8"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nyingma" title="Nyingma">Nyingma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kadam_(Tibetan_Buddhism)" title="Kadam (Tibetan Buddhism)">Kadam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sakya_(Tibetan_Buddhist_school)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sakya (Tibetan Buddhist school)">Sakya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bodongpa" title="Bodongpa">Bodong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kagyu" title="Kagyu">Kagyu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonang" title="Jonang">Jonang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gelug" title="Gelug">Gelug</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rim%C3%A9_movement" title="Rimé movement">Rimé</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#FFEBC2;color:black; text-align:center; background-color: #FFEBC2; border: 2px solid #FFEBC2;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Buddhists#Tibetan" title="List of Buddhists">Key personalities</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="background-color: #FAE3A8; border: 2px solid #FAE3A8"> <dl><dt>First dissemination </dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Padmasambh%C4%81va" class="mw-redirect" title="Padmasambhāva">Padmasambhāva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%9A%C4%81ntarak%E1%B9%A3ita" title="Śāntarakṣita">Śāntarakṣita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamala%C5%9B%C4%ABla" title="Kamalaśīla">Kamalaśīla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Songtsen_Gampo" title="Songtsen Gampo">Songtsen Gampo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trisong_Detsen" title="Trisong Detsen">Trisong Detsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralpacan" title="Ralpacan">Ralpacan</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Second dissemination </dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ati%C5%9Ba" title="Atiśa">Atiśa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tilopa" title="Tilopa">Talika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naropa" title="Naropa">Abhayakirti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niguma" title="Niguma">Niguma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sukhasiddhi" title="Sukhasiddhi">Sukhasiddhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milarepa" title="Milarepa">Milarepa</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Nyingma</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yeshe_Tsogyal" title="Yeshe Tsogyal">Yeshe Tsogyal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longchenpa" title="Longchenpa">Longchenpa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jigme_Lingpa" title="Jigme Lingpa">Jigme Lingpa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrul_Rinpoche" title="Patrul Rinpoche">Patrul Rinpoche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dudjom_Lingpa" title="Dudjom Lingpa">Dudjom Lingpa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamgon_Ju_Mipham_Gyatso" class="mw-redirect" title="Jamgon Ju Mipham Gyatso">Mipham</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Kagyu </dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marpa_Lotsawa" title="Marpa Lotsawa">Marpa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rangjung_Dorje,_3rd_Karmapa_Lama" title="Rangjung Dorje, 3rd Karmapa Lama">Rangjung Dorje</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Jonang </dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dolpopa_Sherab_Gyaltsen" title="Dolpopa Sherab Gyaltsen">Dolpopa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taranatha" title="Taranatha">Taranatha</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Sakya </dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sakya_Pandita" title="Sakya Pandita">Sakya Pandita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gorampa" title="Gorampa">Gorampa</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Bodongpa </dt></dl> <a href="/wiki/Samding_Dorje_Phagmo" title="Samding Dorje Phagmo">Samding Dorje Phagmo</a> <dl><dt>Gelugpa </dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Je_Tsongkhapa" title="Je Tsongkhapa">Je Tsongkhapa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5th_Dalai_Lama" title="5th Dalai Lama">5th Dalai Lama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/13th_Dalai_Lama" title="13th Dalai Lama">13th Dalai Lama</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">14th Dalai Lama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Choekyi_Gyaltsen,_10th_Panchen_Lama" title="Choekyi Gyaltsen, 10th Panchen Lama">10th Panchen Lama</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#FFEBC2;color:black; text-align:center; background-color: #FFEBC2; border: 2px solid #FFEBC2;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_Buddhism" title="Glossary of Buddhism">Teachings</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="background-color: #FAE3A8; border: 2px solid #FAE3A8"> <dl><dt>General Buddhist</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Three_marks_of_existence" title="Three marks of existence">Three marks of existence</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Skandha" title="Skandha">Skandha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buddhist_cosmology" title="Buddhist cosmology">Cosmology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sa%E1%B9%83s%C4%81ra_(Buddhism)" title="Saṃsāra (Buddhism)">Saṃsāra</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rebirth_(Buddhism)" title="Rebirth (Buddhism)">Rebirth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bodhisattva" title="Bodhisattva">Bodhisattva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dharma_(Buddhism)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dharma (Buddhism)">Dharma</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prat%C4%ABtyasamutp%C4%81da" title="Pratītyasamutpāda">Dependent origination</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karma_in_Buddhism" title="Karma in Buddhism">Karma</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Tibetan</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Four_Tenets_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Four Tenets system">Four Tenets system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rangtong-Shentong" class="mw-redirect" title="Rangtong-Shentong">Rangtong-Shentong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Svatantrika-Prasa%E1%B9%85gika_distinction" class="mw-redirect" title="Svatantrika-Prasaṅgika distinction">Svatantrika-Prasaṅgika distinction</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Nyingma</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dzogchen" title="Dzogchen">Dzogchen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pointing-out_instruction" title="Pointing-out instruction">Pointing-out instruction</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#FFEBC2;color:black; text-align:center; background-color: #FFEBC2; border: 2px solid #FFEBC2;color: var(--color-base)">Practices and attainment</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="background-color: #FAE3A8; border: 2px solid #FAE3A8"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lamrim" title="Lamrim">Lamrim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P%C4%81ramit%C4%81" title="Pāramitā">Pāramitās</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bodhicitta" title="Bodhicitta">Bodhicitta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avalokite%C5%9Bvara" title="Avalokiteśvara">Avalokiteśvara</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buddhist_meditation" title="Buddhist meditation">Meditation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Householder_(Buddhism)" title="Householder (Buddhism)">Laity</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vajrayana" title="Vajrayana">Vajrayana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tibetan_tantric_practice" title="Tibetan tantric practice">Tantra techniques</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Deity_yoga" title="Deity yoga">Deity yoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guru_yoga" title="Guru yoga">Guru yoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dream_yoga" title="Dream yoga">Dream yoga</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tukdam" title="Tukdam">Thukdam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buddhahood" title="Buddhahood">Buddhahood</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#FFEBC2;color:black; text-align:center; background-color: #FFEBC2; border: 2px solid #FFEBC2;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Tibetan_monasteries" title="List of Tibetan monasteries">Major monasteries</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="background-color: #FAE3A8; border: 2px solid #FAE3A8"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tradruk_Temple" title="Tradruk Temple">Tradruk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drepung_Monastery" title="Drepung Monastery">Drepung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dzogchen_Monastery" title="Dzogchen Monastery">Dzogchen</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ganden_Monastery" title="Ganden Monastery">Ganden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jokhang" title="Jokhang">Jokhang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kumbum_Monastery" title="Kumbum Monastery">Kumbum</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Labrang_Monastery" title="Labrang Monastery">Labrang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mindrolling_Monastery" title="Mindrolling Monastery">Mindrolling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namgyal_Monastery" title="Namgyal Monastery">Namgyal</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Narthang_Monastery" title="Narthang Monastery">Narthang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nechung" title="Nechung">Nechung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pabonka_Hermitage" title="Pabonka Hermitage">Pabonka</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Palcho_Monastery" title="Palcho Monastery">Palcho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralung_Monastery" title="Ralung Monastery">Ralung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramoche_Temple" title="Ramoche Temple">Ramoche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rato_Dratsang" title="Rato Dratsang">Rato</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sakya_Monastery" title="Sakya Monastery">Sakya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanga_Monastery" title="Sanga Monastery">Sanga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sera_Monastery" title="Sera Monastery">Sera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shalu_Monastery" title="Shalu Monastery">Shalu</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tashi_Lhunpo_Monastery" title="Tashi Lhunpo Monastery">Tashi Lhunpo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsurphu_Monastery" title="Tsurphu Monastery">Tsurphu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yerpa" title="Yerpa">Yerpa</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#FFEBC2;color:black; text-align:center; background-color: #FFEBC2; border: 2px solid #FFEBC2;color: var(--color-base)">Institutional roles</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="background-color: #FAE3A8; border: 2px solid #FAE3A8"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dalai_Lama" title="Dalai Lama">Dalai Lama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panchen_Lama" title="Panchen Lama">Panchen Lama</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lama" title="Lama">Lama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karmapa" title="Karmapa">Karmapa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rinpoche" title="Rinpoche">Rinpoche</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Geshe" title="Geshe">Geshe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tert%C3%B6n" title="Tertön">Tertön</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tulku" title="Tulku">Tulku</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Western_tulku" title="Western tulku">Western tulku</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#FFEBC2;color:black; text-align:center; background-color: #FFEBC2; border: 2px solid #FFEBC2;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Tibetan_festivals" title="Tibetan festivals">Festivals</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="background-color: #FAE3A8; border: 2px solid #FAE3A8"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chotrul_Duchen" title="Chotrul Duchen">Chotrul Duchen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dajyur" title="Dajyur">Dajyur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galdan_Namchot" title="Galdan Namchot">Galdan Namchot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Losar" title="Losar">Losar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dosmoche" title="Dosmoche">Dosmoche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monlam_Prayer_Festival" title="Monlam Prayer Festival">Monlam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sho_Dun_Festival" title="Sho Dun Festival">Sho Dun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Losoong_Festival" title="Losoong Festival">Losoong</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#FFEBC2;color:black; text-align:center; background-color: #FFEBC2; border: 2px solid #FFEBC2;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Buddhist_texts" title="Buddhist texts">Texts</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="background-color: #FAE3A8; border: 2px solid #FAE3A8"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kangyur" title="Kangyur">Kangyur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tengyur" title="Tengyur">Tengyur</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tibetan_Buddhist_canon" title="Tibetan Buddhist canon">Tibetan Buddhist canon</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mahayana_sutras" title="Mahayana sutras">Mahayana sutras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nyingma_Gyubum" title="Nyingma Gyubum">Nyingma Gyubum</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#FFEBC2;color:black; text-align:center; background-color: #FFEBC2; border: 2px solid #FFEBC2;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Tibetan_art" title="Tibetan art">Art</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="background-color: #FAE3A8; border: 2px solid #FAE3A8"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sand_mandala" title="Sand mandala">Sand mandala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thangka" title="Thangka">Thangka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tibetan_Buddhist_wall_paintings" title="Tibetan Buddhist wall paintings">Wall paintings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashtamangala" title="Ashtamangala">Ashtamangala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tree_of_physiology" title="Tree of physiology">Tree of physiology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thongdrel" title="Thongdrel">Festival thangka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mani_stone" title="Mani stone">Mani stone</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#FFEBC2;color:black; text-align:center; background-color: #FFEBC2; border: 2px solid #FFEBC2;color: var(--color-base)">History and overview</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="background-color: #FAE3A8; border: 2px solid #FAE3A8"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Tibetan_Buddhism" title="History of Tibetan Buddhism">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Buddhism" title="Timeline of Buddhism">Timeline</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Buddhism" title="Outline of Buddhism">Outline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Buddhism" title="Culture of Buddhism">Culture</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Buddhism-related_articles" title="Index of Buddhism-related articles">Index of articles</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Tibetan_Buddhism_sidebar" title="Template:Tibetan Buddhism sidebar"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Tibetan_Buddhism_sidebar" title="Template talk:Tibetan Buddhism sidebar"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Tibetan_Buddhism_sidebar" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Tibetan Buddhism sidebar"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> The 14th Dalai Lama, Tenzin Gyatso,<a href="#cite_note-3">[b]</a> full spiritual name: Jetsun Jamphel Ngawang Lobsang Yeshe Tenzin Gyatso, also known as Tenzin Gyatso;<a href="#cite_note-4">[c]</a> <a href="/wiki/Birth_name#Maiden_and_married_names" title="Birth name">né</a> Lhamo Thondup;<a href="#cite_note-5">[d]</a> is the incumbent <a href="/wiki/Dalai_Lama" title="Dalai Lama">Dalai Lama</a>, the highest spiritual leader and head of <a href="/wiki/Tibetan_Buddhism" title="Tibetan Buddhism">Tibetan Buddhism</a>. Before 1959, he served as both the resident spiritual and temporal leader of Tibet, and subsequently established and led the <a href="/wiki/Tibetan_government_in_exile" class="mw-redirect" title="Tibetan government in exile">Tibetan government in exile</a> represented by the <a href="/wiki/Central_Tibetan_Administration" title="Central Tibetan Administration">Central Tibetan Administration</a> in <a href="/wiki/Dharamsala" class="mw-redirect" title="Dharamsala">Dharamsala</a>, India.<a href="#cite_note-6">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-7">[3]</a> The adherents of Tibetan Buddhism consider the Dalai Lama a living <a href="/wiki/Bodhisattva" title="Bodhisattva">Bodhisattva</a>, specifically an emanation of <a href="/wiki/Avalokite%C5%9Bvara" title="Avalokiteśvara">Avalokiteśvara</a> (in Sanskrit) or <a href="/wiki/Chenrezig" class="mw-redirect" title="Chenrezig">Chenrezig</a> (in Tibetan), the Bodhisattva of Compassion, a belief central to the Tibetan Buddhist tradition and the institution of the Dalai Lama. The Dalai Lama, whose name means Ocean of Wisdom, is known to Tibetans as Gyalwa Rinpoche, The Precious Jewel-like Buddha-Master, Kundun, The Presence, and Yizhin Norbu, The Wish-Fulfilling Gem. His devotees, as well as much of the Western world, often call him His Holiness the Dalai Lama, the <a href="/wiki/Style_(manner_of_address)" class="mw-redirect" title="Style (manner of address)">style</a> employed on his website. He is also the leader and a monk of the <a href="/wiki/Gelug" title="Gelug">Gelug</a> school, the newest school of Tibetan Buddhism, formally headed by the <a href="/wiki/Ganden_Tripa" title="Ganden Tripa">Ganden Tripa</a>.<a href="#cite_note-8">[4]</a> The 14th Dalai Lama was born to a farming family in <a href="/wiki/Taktser" title="Taktser">Taktser</a> (Hongya Village), in the traditional Tibetan region of <a href="/wiki/Amdo" title="Amdo">Amdo</a>, at the time a Chinese frontier district.<a href="#cite_note-9">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-10">[6]</a><a href="#cite_note-11">[7]</a><a href="#cite_note-12">[8]</a> He was selected as the <a href="/wiki/Tulku" title="Tulku">tulku</a> of the 13th Dalai Lama in 1937, and <a href="/wiki/Succession_of_the_14th_Dalai_Lama" title="Succession of the 14th Dalai Lama">formally recognized as the 14th Dalai Lama</a> in 1939.<a href="#cite_note-dlce-13">[9]</a> As with the recognition process for his predecessor, a <a href="/wiki/Golden_Urn" title="Golden Urn">Golden Urn</a> selection process was waived and approved by the Central Government of the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China_(1912%E2%80%931949)" title="Republic of China (1912–1949)">Republic of China</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGoldstein1991328–-14">[10]</a><a href="#cite_note-15">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-Goldstein1991-16">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-yuan-17">[13]</a> His enthronement ceremony was held in <a href="/wiki/Lhasa" title="Lhasa">Lhasa</a> on 22 February 1940.<a href="#cite_note-dlce-13">[9]</a> At the time of his selection, a form of Tibetan government called <a href="/wiki/Ganden_Phodrang" title="Ganden Phodrang">Ganden Phodrang</a> administered the traditional Tibetan regions of <a href="/wiki/%C3%9C-Tsang" title="Ü-Tsang">Ü-Tsang</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kham" title="Kham">Kham</a> and Amdo.<a href="#cite_note-18">[14]</a> As <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Chamdo" title="Battle of Chamdo">Chinese forces re-entered</a> and <a href="/wiki/Annexation_of_Tibet_by_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="Annexation of Tibet by the People's Republic of China">annexed Tibet</a>, Ganden Phodrang invested the Dalai Lama with temporal duties on 17 November 1950 (at 15 years of age) until his exile in 1959.<a href="#cite_note-19">[15]</a><a href="#cite_note-ddef1-20">[16]</a> During the <a href="/wiki/1959_Tibetan_uprising" title="1959 Tibetan uprising">1959 Tibetan uprising</a>, the Dalai Lama escaped to India, where he continues to live. On 29 April 1959, the Dalai Lama established the independent Tibetan government in exile in the north Indian hill station of <a href="/wiki/Mussoorie" title="Mussoorie">Mussoorie</a>, which then moved in May 1960 to <a href="/wiki/Dharamshala" title="Dharamshala">Dharamshala</a>, where he resides. He retired as political head in 2011 to make way for a <a href="/wiki/Democracy" title="Democracy">democratic</a> government, the <a href="/wiki/Central_Tibetan_Administration" title="Central Tibetan Administration">Central Tibetan Administration</a>.<a href="#cite_note-21">[17]</a><a href="#cite_note-22">[18]</a><a href="#cite_note-23">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-24">[20]</a> The Dalai Lama advocates for the welfare of Tibetans and since the early 1970s has called for the <a href="/wiki/Protests_and_uprisings_in_Tibet_since_1950#Middle_Way_Approach" title="Protests and uprisings in Tibet since 1950">Middle Way Approach</a> with China to peacefully resolve the issue of Tibet.<a href="#cite_note-25">[21]</a> This policy, adopted democratically by the Central Tibetan Administration and the Tibetan people through long discussions, seeks to find a middle ground, "a practical approach and mutually beneficial to both Tibetans and Chinese, in which Tibetans can preserve their culture and religion and uphold their identity," and China's assertion of sovereignty over Tibet, aiming to address the interests of both parties through dialogue and communication and for Tibet to remain a part of China.<a href="#cite_note-26">[22]</a><a href="#cite_note-27">[23]</a><a href="#cite_note-28">[24]</a> The Dalai Lama travels worldwide to give Tibetan <a href="/wiki/Mahayana" title="Mahayana">Mahayana</a> and <a href="/wiki/Vajrayana" title="Vajrayana">Vajrayana</a> Buddhism teachings, and his <a href="/wiki/Kalachakra" title="Kalachakra">Kalachakra</a> teachings and initiations are international events. He also attends conferences on a wide range of subjects, including the relationship between religion and science, meets with other world leaders, religious leaders, philosophers, and scientists, online and in-person. His work includes focus on the <a href="/wiki/Environmental_quality" title="Environmental quality">environment</a>, economics, <a href="/wiki/Women%27s_rights" title="Women's rights">women's rights</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nonviolence" title="Nonviolence">nonviolence</a>, <a href="/wiki/Interfaith_dialogue" title="Interfaith dialogue">interfaith dialogue</a>, <a href="/wiki/Physics" title="Physics">physics</a>, <a href="/wiki/Astronomy" title="Astronomy">astronomy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Buddhism_and_science" title="Buddhism and science">Buddhism and science</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cognitive_neuroscience" title="Cognitive neuroscience">cognitive neuroscience</a>,<a href="#cite_note-29">[25]</a><a href="#cite_note-30">[26]</a> <a href="/wiki/Reproductive_health" class="mw-redirect" title="Reproductive health">reproductive health</a> and <a href="/wiki/Human_sexuality" title="Human sexuality">sexuality</a>. The Dalai Lama was awarded the <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="Nobel Peace Prize">Nobel Peace Prize</a> in 1989. <a href="/wiki/Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)">Time magazine</a> named the Dalai Lama <a href="/wiki/Mahatma_Gandhi" title="Mahatma Gandhi">Gandhi</a>'s spiritual heir to nonviolence.<a href="#cite_note-TimeTCOG-31">[27]</a><a href="#cite_note-32">[28]</a> The 12th General Assembly of the Asian Buddhist Conference for Peace in New Delhi unanimously recognized the Dalai Lama's contributions to global peace, his lifelong efforts in uniting Buddhist communities worldwide, and bestowed upon him the title of “Universal Supreme Leader of the Buddhist World.” They also designated 6 July, his birthday, as the Universal Day of Compassion.<a href="#cite_note-33">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-34">[30]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_and_background">Early life and background</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=14th_Dalai_Lama&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life and background">edit</a>]</div> Lhamo Thondup<a href="#cite_note-35">[31]</a> was born on 6 July 1935 to a farming and horse trading family in the small hamlet of Taktser,<a href="#cite_note-40">[e]</a> or Chija Tagtser,<a href="#cite_note-41">[36]</a><a href="#cite_note-42">[f]</a> at the edge of the traditional Tibetan region of <a href="/wiki/Amdo" title="Amdo">Amdo</a> in <a href="/wiki/Qinghai_Province" class="mw-redirect" title="Qinghai Province">Qinghai Province</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Laird-36">[32]</a> He was one of seven siblings to survive childhood and one of the three supposed reincarnated Rinpoches in the same family. His eldest sister <a href="/wiki/Tsering_Dolma" title="Tsering Dolma">Tsering Dolma</a>, was 16 years his senior and was midwife to his mother at his birth.<a href="#cite_note-43">[37]</a> She would accompany him into exile and found <a href="/wiki/Tibetan_Children%27s_Villages" title="Tibetan Children's Villages">Tibetan Children's Villages</a>.<a href="#cite_note-44">[38]</a> His eldest brother, <a href="/wiki/Thupten_Jigme_Norbu" class="mw-redirect" title="Thupten Jigme Norbu">Thupten Jigme Norbu</a>, had been recognised at the age of three by the <a href="/wiki/13th_Dalai_Lama" title="13th Dalai Lama">13th Dalai Lama</a> as the reincarnation of the high <a href="/wiki/Lama" title="Lama">Lama</a>, the 6th <a href="/wiki/Taktser_Rinpoche" title="Taktser Rinpoche">Taktser Rinpoche</a>.<a href="#cite_note-45">[39]</a> His fifth brother, <a href="/wiki/Tendzin_Choegyal" class="mw-redirect" title="Tendzin Choegyal">Tendzin Choegyal</a>, had been recognised as the 16th Ngari Rinpoche.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] His sister, <a href="/wiki/Jetsun_Pema_(activist)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jetsun Pema (activist)">Jetsun Pema</a>, spent most of her adult life on the Tibetan Children's Villages project.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] The Dalai Lama has said that his first language was "a broken <a href="/wiki/Xining" title="Xining">Xining</a> language which was (a <a href="/wiki/Varieties_of_Chinese" title="Varieties of Chinese">dialect of</a>) the <a href="/wiki/Central_Plains_Mandarin" title="Central Plains Mandarin">Chinese language</a>," a form of <a href="/wiki/Central_Plains_Mandarin" title="Central Plains Mandarin">Central Plains Mandarin</a>, and his family speak neither <a href="/wiki/Amdo_Tibetan" title="Amdo Tibetan">Amdo Tibetan</a> nor <a href="/wiki/Lhasa_Tibetan" title="Lhasa Tibetan">Lhasa Tibetan</a>.<a href="#cite_note-46">[40]</a><a href="#cite_note-47">[41]</a><a href="#cite_note-48">[42]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_14th_Dalal_Lama_as_a_child,_1940s.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/The_14th_Dalal_Lama_as_a_child%2C_1940s.jpg/220px-The_14th_Dalal_Lama_as_a_child%2C_1940s.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="341" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/The_14th_Dalal_Lama_as_a_child%2C_1940s.jpg/330px-The_14th_Dalal_Lama_as_a_child%2C_1940s.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/The_14th_Dalal_Lama_as_a_child%2C_1940s.jpg/440px-The_14th_Dalal_Lama_as_a_child%2C_1940s.jpg 2x" data-file-width="764" data-file-height="1184" /></a><figcaption>The Dalai Lama as a child</figcaption></figure> After the demise of the 13th Dalai Lama, in 1935, the Ordinance of Lama Temple Management<a href="#cite_note-49">[g]</a><a href="#cite_note-50">[43]</a><a href="#cite_note-51">[44]</a> was published by the Central Government. In 1936, the Method of Reincarnation of Lamas<a href="#cite_note-52">[h]</a><a href="#cite_note-53">[45]</a><a href="#cite_note-54">[46]</a> was published by the <a href="/wiki/Mongolian_and_Tibetan_Affairs_Commission" title="Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs Commission">Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs Commission</a> of the Central Government. Article 3 states that death of lamas, including the Dalai Lama and Panchen Lama, should be reported to the commission, soul boys should be located and checked by the commission, and a lot-drawing ceremony with the Golden Urn system should be held. Article 6 states that local governments should invite officials from the Central Government to take care of the <a href="/wiki/Sitting-in-the-bed" title="Sitting-in-the-bed">sitting-in-the-bed</a> ceremony. Article 7 states that soul boys should not be sought from current lama families. This article echoes what the <a href="/wiki/Qianlong_Emperor" title="Qianlong Emperor">Qianlong Emperor</a> described in <a href="/wiki/The_Discourse_of_Lama" title="The Discourse of Lama">The Discourse of Lama</a> to eliminate greedy families with multiple reincarnated rinpoches, lamas.<a href="#cite_note-55">[47]</a> Based on custom and regulation, the regent was actively involved in the search for the reincarnation of the Dalai Lama. Following reported signs and visions, three search teams were sent out to the north-east, the east, and the south-east to locate the new <a href="/wiki/Incarnation" title="Incarnation">incarnation</a> when the boy who was to become the 14th Dalai Lama was about two years old.<a href="#cite_note-bell397-56">[48]</a> <a href="/wiki/Sir_Basil_Gould" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir Basil Gould">Sir Basil Gould</a>, British delegate to Lhasa in 1936, related his account of the north-eastern team to Sir <a href="/wiki/Charles_Alfred_Bell" title="Charles Alfred Bell">Charles Alfred Bell</a>, former British resident in Lhasa and friend of the 13th Dalai Lama. Among other omens, the head of the embalmed body of the <a href="/wiki/13th_Dalai_Lama" title="13th Dalai Lama">13th Dalai Lama</a>, at first facing south-east, had turned to face the north-east, indicating, it was interpreted, the direction in which his successor would be found. The <a href="/wiki/Regent" title="Regent">Regent</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jamphel_Yeshe_Gyaltsen" title="Jamphel Yeshe Gyaltsen">Reting Rinpoche</a>, shortly afterwards had a <a href="/wiki/Vision_(religion)" class="mw-redirect" title="Vision (religion)">vision</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Sacred_lake" class="mw-redirect" title="Sacred lake">sacred lake</a> of <a href="/wiki/Lhamo_La-tso" title="Lhamo La-tso">Lhamo La-tso</a> which he interpreted as Amdo being the region to search. This vision was also interpreted to refer to a large monastery with a gilded roof and turquoise tiles, and a twisting path from there to a hill to the east, opposite which stood a small house with distinctive eaves. The team, led by Kewtsang <a href="/wiki/Rinpoche" title="Rinpoche">Rinpoche</a>, went first to meet the <a href="/wiki/Thubten_Choekyi_Nyima,_9th_Panchen_Lama" title="Thubten Choekyi Nyima, 9th Panchen Lama">Panchen Lama</a>, who had been stuck in <a href="/wiki/Jyekundo" class="mw-redirect" title="Jyekundo">Jyekundo</a>, in northern Kham.<a href="#cite_note-bell397-56">[48]</a> The Panchen Lama had been investigating births of unusual children in the area ever since the death of the 13th Dalai Lama.<a href="#cite_note-Laird_2006,_p._265-57">[49]</a> He gave Kewtsang the names of three boys whom he had discovered and identified as candidates. Within a year the Panchen Lama had died. Two of his three candidates were crossed off the list but the third, a "fearless" child, the most promising, was from Taktser village, which, as in the vision, was on a hill, at the end of a trail leading to Taktser from the great <a href="/wiki/Kumbum_Monastery" title="Kumbum Monastery">Kumbum Monastery</a> with its gilded, turquoise roof. There they found a house, as interpreted from the vision—the house where Lhamo Dhondup lived.<a href="#cite_note-bell397-56">[48]</a><a href="#cite_note-Laird_2006,_p._265-57">[49]</a> The 14th Dalai Lama claims that at the time, the village of <a href="/wiki/Taktser" title="Taktser">Taktser</a> stood right on the "real border" between the region of <a href="/wiki/Amdo" title="Amdo">Amdo</a> and China.<a href="#cite_note-58">[50]</a> According to the search lore, when the team visited, posing as pilgrims, its leader, a Sera Lama, pretended to be the servant and sat separately in the kitchen. He held an old <a href="/wiki/Buddhist_prayer_beads" class="mw-redirect" title="Buddhist prayer beads">mala</a> that had belonged to the 13th Dalai Lama, and the boy Lhamo Dhondup, aged two, approached and asked for it. The monk said "if you know who I am, you can have it." The child said "Sera Lama, Sera Lama" and spoke with him in a Lhasa accent, in a dialect the boy's mother could not understand. The next time the party returned to the house, they revealed their real purpose and asked permission to subject the boy to certain tests. One test consisted of showing him various pairs of objects, one of which had belonged to the 13th Dalai Lama and one which had not. In every case, he chose the Dalai Lama's own objects and rejected the others.<a href="#cite_note-59">[51]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:DLHaus.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/DLHaus.jpg/220px-DLHaus.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/DLHaus.jpg/330px-DLHaus.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e4/DLHaus.jpg 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="300" /></a><figcaption>House where the 14th Dalai Lama was born in <a href="/wiki/Taktser" title="Taktser">Taktser</a>, <a href="/wiki/Amdo" title="Amdo">Amdo</a></figcaption></figure> From 1936 the Hui '<a href="/wiki/Ma_Clique" class="mw-redirect" title="Ma Clique">Ma Clique</a>' Muslim warlord <a href="/wiki/Ma_Bufang" title="Ma Bufang">Ma Bufang</a> ruled <a href="/wiki/Qinghai" title="Qinghai">Qinghai</a> as its governor under the nominal authority of the Republic of China central government.<a href="#cite_note-60">[52]</a> According to an interview with the 14th Dalai Lama, in the 1930s, Ma Bufang had <a href="/wiki/Sino-Tibetan_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Sino-Tibetan War">seized this north-east corner of Amdo</a> in the name of <a href="/wiki/Chiang_Kai-shek" title="Chiang Kai-shek">Chiang Kai-shek</a>'s weak government and incorporated it into the Chinese province of <a href="/wiki/Qinghai" title="Qinghai">Qinghai</a>.<a href="#cite_note-61">[53]</a> Before going to Taktser, Kewtsang had gone to Ma Bufang to pay his respects.<a href="#cite_note-Laird_2006,_p._265-57">[49]</a> When Ma Bufang heard a candidate had been found in Taktser, he had the family brought to him in Xining.<a href="#cite_note-62">[54]</a> He first demanded proof that the boy was the Dalai Lama, but the Lhasa government, though informed by Kewtsang that this was the one, told Kewtsang to say he had to go to Lhasa for further tests with other candidates. They knew that if he was declared to be the Dalai Lama, the Chinese government would insist on sending a large army escort with him, which would then stay in Lhasa and refuse to budge.<a href="#cite_note-bell398-63">[55]</a> Ma Bufang, together with <a href="/wiki/Kumbum_Monastery" title="Kumbum Monastery">Kumbum Monastery</a>, then refused to allow him to depart unless he was declared to be the Dalai Lama, but withdrew this demand in return for 100,000 Chinese dollars ransom in silver to be shared among them, to let them go to Lhasa.<a href="#cite_note-bell398-63">[55]</a><a href="#cite_note-64">[56]</a> Kewtsang managed to raise this, but the family was only allowed to move from Xining to Kumbum when a further demand was made for another 330,000 dollars ransom: 100,000 each for government officials, the commander-in-chief, and the Kumbum Monastery; 20,000 for the escort; and only 10,000 for Ma Bufang himself, he said.<a href="#cite_note-65">[57]</a> Two years of diplomatic wrangling followed before it was accepted by Lhasa that the ransom had to be paid to avoid the Chinese getting involved and escorting him to Lhasa with a large army.<a href="#cite_note-66">[58]</a> Meanwhile, the boy was kept at Kumbum where two of his brothers were already studying as monks and recognised incarnate lamas.<a href="#cite_note-laird267-67">[59]</a> The payment of 300,000 silver dollars was then advanced by Muslim traders en route to Mecca in a large caravan via Lhasa. They paid Ma Bufang on behalf of the Tibetan government against promissory notes to be redeemed, with interest, in Lhasa.<a href="#cite_note-laird267-67">[59]</a><a href="#cite_note-rich153-68">[60]</a> The 20,000-dollar fee for an escort was dropped, since the Muslim merchants invited them to join their caravan for protection; Ma Bufang sent 20 of his soldiers with them and was paid from both sides since the Chinese government granted him another 50,000 dollars for the expenses of the journey. Furthermore, the Indian government helped the Tibetans raise the ransom funds by affording them import concessions.<a href="#cite_note-rich153-68">[60]</a> On 22 September 1938, representatives of Tibet Office in Beijing informed <a href="/wiki/Mongolian_and_Tibetan_Affairs_Commission" title="Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs Commission">Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs Commission</a> that 3 candidates were found and ceremony of <a href="/wiki/Golden_Urn" title="Golden Urn">Golden Urn</a> would be held in Tibet.<a href="#cite_note-69">[61]</a> In October 1938, the Method of Using <a href="/wiki/Golden_Urn" title="Golden Urn">Golden Urn</a> for the 14th Dalai Lama was drafted by <a href="/wiki/Mongolian_and_Tibetan_Affairs_Commission" title="Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs Commission">Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs Commission</a>.<a href="#cite_note-70">[62]</a> On 12 December 1938, regent <a href="/wiki/Reting_Rinpoche" title="Reting Rinpoche">Reting Rinpoche</a> informed <a href="/wiki/Mongolian_and_Tibetan_Affairs_Commission" title="Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs Commission">Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs Commission</a> that three candidates were found and ceremony of <a href="/wiki/Golden_Urn" title="Golden Urn">Golden Urn</a> would be held.<a href="#cite_note-71">[63]</a> Released from Kumbum, on 21 July 1939 the party travelled across Tibet on a journey to Lhasa in the large Muslim caravan with Lhamo Dhondup, now four years old, riding with his brother Lobsang in a special palanquin carried by two mules, two years after being discovered. As soon as they were out of Ma Bufang's area, he was officially declared to be the 14th Dalai Lama by the <a href="/wiki/Kashag" title="Kashag">Kashag</a>, and after ten weeks of travel he arrived in Lhasa on 8 October 1939.<a href="#cite_note-72">[64]</a> The ordination (<a href="/wiki/Pabbajja" class="mw-redirect" title="Pabbajja">pabbajja</a>) and giving of the monastic name of Tenzin Gyatso were arranged by <a href="/wiki/Reting_Rinpoche" title="Reting Rinpoche">Reting Rinpoche</a> and according to the Dalai Lama "I received my ordination from <a href="/wiki/Ling_Rinpoche" title="Ling Rinpoche">Kyabjé Ling Rinpoché</a> in the Jokhang in Lhasa."<a href="#cite_note-73">[65]</a> There was very limited Chinese involvement at this time.<a href="#cite_note-Banyan-74">[66]</a> The family of the 14th Dalai Lama was elevated to the highest stratum of the Tibetan aristocracy and acquired land and <a href="/wiki/Serfdom_in_Tibet_controversy" title="Serfdom in Tibet controversy">serf</a> holdings, as with the families of previous Dalai Lamas.<a href="#cite_note-75">[67]</a> In 1959, at the age of 23, he took his final examination at Lhasa's <a href="/wiki/Jokhang" title="Jokhang">Jokhang</a> Temple during the annual <a href="/wiki/Monlam_Prayer_Festival" title="Monlam Prayer Festival">Monlam Prayer Festival</a>.<a href="#cite_note-77">[i]</a><a href="#cite_note-78">[69]</a> He passed with honours and was awarded the <a href="/wiki/Geshe" title="Geshe">Lharampa degree</a>, the highest-level <a href="/wiki/Geshe" title="Geshe">geshe</a> degree, roughly equivalent to a doctorate in <a href="/wiki/Buddhist_philosophy" title="Buddhist philosophy">Buddhist philosophy</a>.<a href="#cite_note-bbcprofile-79">[70]</a><a href="#cite_note-bio-80">[71]</a> According to the Dalai Lama, he had a succession of tutors in Tibet including <a href="/wiki/Jamphel_Yeshe_Gyaltsen" title="Jamphel Yeshe Gyaltsen">Reting Rinpoche</a>, Tathag Rinpoche, <a href="/wiki/Ling_Rinpoche" title="Ling Rinpoche">Ling Rinpoche</a> and lastly <a href="/wiki/Trijang_Rinpoche" class="mw-redirect" title="Trijang Rinpoche">Trijang Rinpoche</a>, who became junior tutor when he was 19<a href="#cite_note-81">[72]</a> At the age of 11 he met the <a href="/wiki/Austrians" title="Austrians">Austrian</a> mountaineer <a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Harrer" title="Heinrich Harrer">Heinrich Harrer</a>, who became his <a href="/wiki/Videographer" class="mw-redirect" title="Videographer">videographer</a> and tutor about the world outside <a href="/wiki/Lhasa" title="Lhasa">Lhasa</a>. The two remained friends until Harrer's death in 2006.<a href="#cite_note-82">[73]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Life_as_the_Dalai_Lama">Life as the Dalai Lama</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=14th_Dalai_Lama&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Life as the Dalai Lama">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Potala_Palace,_Tibet.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Potala_Palace%2C_Tibet.jpg/220px-Potala_Palace%2C_Tibet.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Potala_Palace%2C_Tibet.jpg/330px-Potala_Palace%2C_Tibet.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Potala_Palace%2C_Tibet.jpg/440px-Potala_Palace%2C_Tibet.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1152" /></a><figcaption>Lhasa's <a href="/wiki/Potala_Palace" title="Potala Palace">Potala Palace</a>, today a <a href="/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO">UNESCO</a> <a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_Site" title="World Heritage Site">World Heritage Site</a>, 2019</figcaption></figure> Historically the Dalai Lamas or their <a href="/wiki/Regent" title="Regent">regents</a> held political and religious leadership over <a href="/wiki/Tibet" title="Tibet">Tibet</a> from <a href="/wiki/Lhasa" title="Lhasa">Lhasa</a> with varying degrees of influence depending on the regions of Tibet and periods of history. This began with the <a href="/wiki/5th_Dalai_Lama" title="5th Dalai Lama">5th Dalai Lama</a>'s rule in 1642 and lasted until the 1950s (except for 1705–1750), during which period the Dalai Lamas headed the Tibetan government or <a href="/wiki/Ganden_Phodrang" title="Ganden Phodrang">Ganden Phodrang</a>. Until 1912 however, when the 13th Dalai Lama declared the complete independence of <a href="/wiki/Tibet_(1912%E2%80%931951)" title="Tibet (1912–1951)">Tibet</a>, their rule was generally subject to <a href="/wiki/Priest_and_patron" class="mw-redirect" title="Priest and patron">patronage and protection</a> of firstly Mongol kings (1642–1720) and then the <a href="/wiki/Manchu_people" title="Manchu people">Manchu</a>-led <a href="/wiki/Qing_dynasty" title="Qing dynasty">Qing dynasty</a> (1720–1912).<a href="#cite_note-83">[74]</a> During the Dalai Lama's recognition process, the cultural Anthropologist <a href="/wiki/Melvyn_Goldstein" title="Melvyn Goldstein">Melvyn Goldstein</a> writes that "everything the Tibetans did during the selection process was designed to prevent China from playing any role".<a href="#cite_note-Goldstein1991-16">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-Powers-84">[75]</a> Afterwards in 1939, at the age of four, the Dalai Lama was taken in a procession of lamas to Lhasa. Former British officials stationed in <a href="/wiki/British_Raj" title="British Raj">India</a> and Tibet recalled that envoys from Britain and China were present at the Dalai Lama's enthronement in February 1940. According to <a href="/wiki/Basil_Gould" title="Basil Gould">Basil Gould</a>, the Chinese representative Wu Chunghsin was reportedly unhappy about the position he had during the ceremony. Afterward an article appeared in the Chinese press falsely claiming that Wu personally announced the installation of the Dalai Lama, who supposedly prostrated himself to Wu in gratitude.<a href="#cite_note-85">[76]</a><a href="#cite_note-86">[77]</a><figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Map_of_Tibet-_%22TIBET_CONFIDENTIAL%22_%22Ethnographic_Boundary_of_Tibet%22_%22Approximate_Line_of_Communist_Advance%22_and_%22Reportedly_occupied_by_Communists%22_%2211518,_CIA,_2-50%22_February_1950_map-_305945_11518_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Map_of_Tibet-_%22TIBET_CONFIDENTIAL%22_%22Ethnographic_Boundary_of_Tibet%22_%22Approximate_Line_of_Communist_Advance%22_and_%22Reportedly_occupied_by_Communists%22_%2211518%2C_CIA%2C_2-50%22_February_1950_map-_305945_11518_01.jpg/250px-thumbnail.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="184" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Map_of_Tibet-_%22TIBET_CONFIDENTIAL%22_%22Ethnographic_Boundary_of_Tibet%22_%22Approximate_Line_of_Communist_Advance%22_and_%22Reportedly_occupied_by_Communists%22_%2211518%2C_CIA%2C_2-50%22_February_1950_map-_305945_11518_01.jpg/375px-thumbnail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Map_of_Tibet-_%22TIBET_CONFIDENTIAL%22_%22Ethnographic_Boundary_of_Tibet%22_%22Approximate_Line_of_Communist_Advance%22_and_%22Reportedly_occupied_by_Communists%22_%2211518%2C_CIA%2C_2-50%22_February_1950_map-_305945_11518_01.jpg/500px-thumbnail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4214" data-file-height="3109" /></a><figcaption>Territorial extent of Tibet and approximate line of the <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Chinese Communist Party">Chinese Communist</a> advance in 1950</figcaption></figure>After his enthronement, the Dalai Lama's childhood was then spent between the Potala Palace and <a href="/wiki/Norbulingka" title="Norbulingka">Norbulingka</a>, his summer residence, both of which are now <a href="/wiki/UNESCO_World_Heritage_Sites" class="mw-redirect" title="UNESCO World Heritage Sites">UNESCO World Heritage Sites</a>. Chiang Kai Shek ordered Ma Bufang to put his Muslim soldiers on alert for an invasion of Tibet in 1942.<a href="#cite_note-Lin-87">[78]</a> Ma Bufang complied, and moved several thousand troops to the border with Tibet.<a href="#cite_note-88">[79]</a> Chiang also threatened the Tibetans with aerial bombardment if they worked with the Japanese. Ma Bufang attacked the Tibetan Buddhist Tsang monastery in 1941.<a href="#cite_note-89">[80]</a> He also constantly attacked the <a href="/wiki/Labrang_Monastery" title="Labrang Monastery">Labrang monastery</a>.<a href="#cite_note-90">[81]</a> In October 1950 the army of the <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="People's Republic of China">People's Republic of China</a> marched to the edge of the Dalai Lama's territory and sent a delegation after defeating a legion of the Tibetan army in <a href="/wiki/Warlord" title="Warlord">warlord</a>-controlled <a href="/wiki/Kham" title="Kham">Kham</a>. On 17 November 1950, at the age of 15, the 14th Dalai Lama assumed full temporal (political) power as ruler of Tibet.<a href="#cite_note-dlce-13">[9]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cooperation_and_conflicts_with_the_People's_Republic_of_China">Cooperation and conflicts with the People's Republic of China</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=14th_Dalai_Lama&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Cooperation and conflicts with the People's Republic of China">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dalai_lama,_panchen_lama_and_Mao_in_Beijing,_1954.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Dalai_lama%2C_panchen_lama_and_Mao_in_Beijing%2C_1954.jpg/220px-Dalai_lama%2C_panchen_lama_and_Mao_in_Beijing%2C_1954.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="287" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Dalai_lama%2C_panchen_lama_and_Mao_in_Beijing%2C_1954.jpg/330px-Dalai_lama%2C_panchen_lama_and_Mao_in_Beijing%2C_1954.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Dalai_lama%2C_panchen_lama_and_Mao_in_Beijing%2C_1954.jpg/440px-Dalai_lama%2C_panchen_lama_and_Mao_in_Beijing%2C_1954.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1305" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/10th_Panchen_Lama" class="mw-redirect" title="10th Panchen Lama">Panchen Lama</a> (left), Mao and Dalai Lama (right) at <a href="/wiki/Zhongnanhai#Qinzheng_Hall" title="Zhongnanhai">Qinzheng Hall</a> on 11 September 1954, four days before they attended the <a href="/wiki/1st_National_People%27s_Congress" title="1st National People's Congress">1st National People's Congress</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mao_Zedong,_Dalai_Lama_and_Panchen_Lama.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Mao_Zedong%2C_Dalai_Lama_and_Panchen_Lama.jpg/220px-Mao_Zedong%2C_Dalai_Lama_and_Panchen_Lama.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="126" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Mao_Zedong%2C_Dalai_Lama_and_Panchen_Lama.jpg/330px-Mao_Zedong%2C_Dalai_Lama_and_Panchen_Lama.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Mao_Zedong%2C_Dalai_Lama_and_Panchen_Lama.jpg/440px-Mao_Zedong%2C_Dalai_Lama_and_Panchen_Lama.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2789" data-file-height="1595" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Mao_Zedong" title="Mao Zedong">Mao Zedong</a> and <a href="/wiki/Zhou_Enlai" title="Zhou Enlai">Zhou Enlai</a> meeting with Dalai Lama and <a href="/wiki/10th_Panchen_Lama" class="mw-redirect" title="10th Panchen Lama">Panchen Lama</a> to celebrate <a href="/wiki/Tibetan_New_Year" class="mw-redirect" title="Tibetan New Year">Tibetan New Year</a>, 1955</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dalai_and_Panchen.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Dalai_and_Panchen.jpg/220px-Dalai_and_Panchen.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="139" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Dalai_and_Panchen.jpg/330px-Dalai_and_Panchen.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Dalai_and_Panchen.jpg/440px-Dalai_and_Panchen.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1947" data-file-height="1232" /></a><figcaption>A rare shot of an adult Dalai Lama without eyeglasses (right) and <a href="/wiki/10th_Panchen_Lama" class="mw-redirect" title="10th Panchen Lama">Panchen Lama</a> (left). 1954–1955.</figcaption></figure> The Dalai Lama's formal rule as head of the government in Tibet was brief although he was enthroned as spiritual leader on 22 February 1940. When Chinese cadres entered Tibet in 1950, with a crisis looming, the Dalai Lama was asked to assume the role of head of state at the age of 15, which he did on 17 November 1950. Customarily the Dalai Lama would typically assume control at about the age of 20.<a href="#cite_note-91">[82]</a> He sent a delegation to Beijing, which ratified the <a href="/wiki/Seventeen_Point_Agreement" title="Seventeen Point Agreement">Seventeen Point Agreement</a> without his authorisation in 1951.<a href="#cite_note-92">[83]</a> The Dalai Lama believes the draft agreement was written by China. Tibetan representatives were not allowed to suggest any alterations and China did not allow the Tibetan representatives to communicate with the Tibetan government in Lhasa. The Tibetan delegation was not authorised by Lhasa to sign, but ultimately submitted to pressure from the Chinese to sign anyway, using seals specifically made for the purpose.<a href="#cite_note-93">[84]</a> The Seventeen Point Agreement recognised Chinese sovereignty over Tibet, but China allowed the Dalai Lama to continue to rule Tibet internally, and it allowed the <a href="/wiki/Serfdom_in_Tibet_controversy" title="Serfdom in Tibet controversy">system of feudal peasantry</a> to persist.<a href="#cite_note-94">[85]</a> Scholar <a href="/wiki/Robert_Barnett_(scholar)" title="Robert Barnett (scholar)">Robert Barnett</a> wrote of the serfdom controversy: "So even if it were agreed that serfdom and feudalism existed in Tibet, this would be little different other than in technicalities from conditions in any other 'premodern' peasant society, including most of China at that time. The power of the Chinese argument therefore lies in its implication that serfdom, and with it feudalism, is inseparable from extreme abuse. Evidence to support this linkage has not been found by scholars other than those close to Chinese governmental circles. Goldstein, for example, notes that although the system was based on serfdom, it was not necessarily feudal, and he refutes any automatic link with extreme abuse."<a href="#cite_note-95">[86]</a> The 19-year-old Dalai Lama toured China for almost a year from 1954 to 1955, meeting many of the revolutionary leaders and the top echelon of the Chinese communist leadership who created modern China. He learned Chinese and socialist ideals, as explained by his Chinese hosts, on a tour of China showcasing the benefits of socialism and the effective governance provided to turn the large, impoverished nation into a modern and egalitarian society, which impressed him.<a href="#cite_note-96">[87]</a> In September 1954, he went to the Chinese capital to meet <a href="/wiki/Chairman_Mao_Zedong" class="mw-redirect" title="Chairman Mao Zedong">Chairman Mao Zedong</a> with the <a href="/wiki/10th_Panchen_Lama" class="mw-redirect" title="10th Panchen Lama">10th Panchen Lama</a> and attend the first session of the <a href="/wiki/National_People%27s_Congress" title="National People's Congress">National People's Congress</a> as a delegate, primarily discussing <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Constitution of the People's Republic of China">China's constitution</a>.<a href="#cite_note-97">[88]</a><a href="#cite_note-98">[89]</a> On 27 September 1954, the Dalai Lama was selected as a <a href="/wiki/Vice_Chairperson_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress" class="mw-redirect" title="Vice Chairperson of the National People's Congress">Vice-chairman</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Standing_Committee_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress" title="Standing Committee of the National People's Congress">Standing Committee</a> of the National People's Congress,<a href="#cite_note-99">[90]</a><a href="#cite_note-100">[91]</a> a post he officially held until 1964.<a href="#cite_note-101">[92]</a><a href="#cite_note-102">[93]</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote">Mao Zedong who, "according to the Tibetan leader, treated him as a 'father would treat a son,'" "also showed Tibet’s political leader and its foremost spiritual master its ambivalence to Tibetan Buddhism. The Dalai Lama recounts this episode in his autobiography, My Land and My People, 'A few days later I had a message from Mao Tse-tung to say that he was coming to see me in an hour’s time. When he arrived he said he had merely come to call. Then something made him say that Buddhism was quite a good religion, and Lord Buddha, although he was a prince, had given a good deal of thought to the question of improving the conditions of the people. He also observed that the Goddess Tara was a kind-hearted woman. After a very few minutes, he left. I was quite bewildered by these remarks and did not know what to make of them.' The comments Mao made during their last meeting shocked the Dalai Lama beyond belief. 'My final interview with this remarkable man was toward the end of my visit to China. I was at a meeting of the Standing Committee of the National Assembly when I received a message asking me to go to see him at this house. By then, I had been able to complete a tour of the Chinese provinces, and I was able to tell him truthfully that I had been greatly impressed and interested by all the development projects I had seen. Then he started to give me a long lecture about the true form of democracy, and advised me how to become a leader of the people and how to take heed of their suggestions. And then he edged closer to me on his chair and whispered: 'I understand you very well. But of course, religion is poison. It has two great defects: It undermines the race, and secondly it retards the progress of the country. Tibet and Mongolia have both been poisoned by it.'"<a href="#cite_note-103">[94]</a> In his autobiography, Freedom In Exile, the Dalai Lama recalls: "How could he have thought I was not religious to the core of my being?'"<a href="#cite_note-104">[95]</a></blockquote> In 1956, on a trip to India to celebrate the <a href="/wiki/Buddha%27s_Birthday" title="Buddha's Birthday">Buddha's Birthday</a>, the Dalai Lama asked the <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_India" title="Prime Minister of India">Prime Minister of India</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jawaharlal_Nehru" title="Jawaharlal Nehru">Jawaharlal Nehru</a>, if he would allow him <a href="/wiki/Political_asylum" class="mw-redirect" title="Political asylum">political asylum</a> should he choose to stay. Nehru discouraged this as a provocation against peace, and reminded him of the Indian Government's <a href="/wiki/Non-interventionism" title="Non-interventionism">non-interventionist</a> stance agreed upon with its <a href="/wiki/Five_Principles_of_Peaceful_Coexistence" title="Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence">1954 treaty with China</a>.<a href="#cite_note-bio-80">[71]</a> Long called a "splittist" and "traitor" by China,<a href="#cite_note-105">[96]</a> the Dalai Lama has attempted formal talks over Tibet's status in China.<a href="#cite_note-106">[97]</a> In 2019, after the United States passed a law requiring the US to deny visas to Chinese officials in charge of implementing policies that restrict foreign access to Tibet, the US Ambassador to China "encouraged the Chinese government to engage in substantive dialogue with the Dalai Lama or his representatives, without preconditions, to seek a settlement that resolves differences".<a href="#cite_note-107">[98]</a> The Chinese Foreign Ministry has warned the US and other countries to "shun" the Dalai Lama during visits and often uses trade negotiations and human rights talks as an incentive to do so.<a href="#cite_note-108">[99]</a><a href="#cite_note-109">[100]</a><a href="#cite_note-110">[101]</a><a href="#cite_note-111">[102]</a> China sporadically bans images of the Dalai Lama and arrests citizens for owning photos of him in Tibet.<a href="#cite_note-112">[103]</a><a href="#cite_note-113">[104]</a><a href="#cite_note-114">[105]</a> <a href="/wiki/Tibet_Autonomous_Region" title="Tibet Autonomous Region">Tibet Autonomous Region</a> government job candidates must strongly denounce the Dalai Lama, as announced on the Tibet Autonomous Region government's online education platform, <blockquote>"Support the (Communist) Party's leadership, resolutely implement the [Chinese Communist] Party's line, line of approach, policies, and the guiding ideology of Tibet work in the new era; align ideologically, politically, and in action with the Party Central Committee; oppose any splittist tendencies; expose and criticize the Dalai Lama; safeguard the unity of the motherland and ethnic unity and take a firm stand on political issues, taking a clear and distinct stand".<a href="#cite_note-115">[106]</a></blockquote> The Dalai Lama is a target of Chinese state sponsored hacking. Security experts claim "targeting Tibetan activists is a strong indicator of official Chinese government involvement" since economic information is the primary goal of private Chinese hackers.<a href="#cite_note-116">[107]</a> In 2009 the personal office of the Dalai Lama asked researchers at the <a href="/wiki/Munk_Center_for_International_Studies" class="mw-redirect" title="Munk Center for International Studies">Munk Center for International Studies</a> at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Toronto" title="University of Toronto">University of Toronto</a> to check its computers for malicious software. This led to uncovering <a href="/wiki/GhostNet" title="GhostNet">GhostNet</a>, a large-scale cyber spying operation which infiltrated at least 1,295 computers in 103 countries, including embassies, foreign ministries, other government offices, and organisations affiliated with the Dalai Lama in India, Brussels, London and New York, and believed to be focusing on the governments of South and Southeast Asia.<a href="#cite_note-117">[108]</a><a href="#cite_note-118">[109]</a><a href="#cite_note-119">[110]</a> A second cyberspy network, <a href="/wiki/Shadow_Network" title="Shadow Network">Shadow Network</a>, was discovered by the same researchers in 2010. Stolen documents included a year's worth of the Dalai Lama's personal email, and classified government material relating to India, West Africa, the Russian Federation, the Middle East, and NATO. "Sophisticated" hackers were linked to universities in China, Beijing again denied involvement.<a href="#cite_note-120">[111]</a><a href="#cite_note-121">[112]</a> Chinese hackers posing as <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>, <a href="/wiki/Amnesty_International" title="Amnesty International">Amnesty International</a> and other organisation's reporters targeted the private office of the Dalai Lama, <a href="/wiki/Tibetan_Parliament" class="mw-redirect" title="Tibetan Parliament">Tibetan Parliament</a> members, and Tibetan nongovernmental organisations, among others, in 2019.<a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times-122">[113]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Exile_to_India">Exile to India</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=14th_Dalai_Lama&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Exile to India">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:IMG_1206_Lhasa_Potala.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/IMG_1206_Lhasa_Potala.jpg/220px-IMG_1206_Lhasa_Potala.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/IMG_1206_Lhasa_Potala.jpg/330px-IMG_1206_Lhasa_Potala.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/IMG_1206_Lhasa_Potala.jpg/440px-IMG_1206_Lhasa_Potala.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1333" /></a><figcaption>The abandoned former quarters of the Dalai Lama at the <a href="/wiki/Potala_Palace" title="Potala Palace">Potala</a>. The empty vestment placed on the throne symbolises his absence.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_14th_Dalai_Lama_with_Lillard_Hill_in_1959.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/The_14th_Dalai_Lama_with_Lillard_Hill_in_1959.jpg/220px-The_14th_Dalai_Lama_with_Lillard_Hill_in_1959.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="179" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/The_14th_Dalai_Lama_with_Lillard_Hill_in_1959.jpg/330px-The_14th_Dalai_Lama_with_Lillard_Hill_in_1959.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/The_14th_Dalai_Lama_with_Lillard_Hill_in_1959.jpg/440px-The_14th_Dalai_Lama_with_Lillard_Hill_in_1959.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="650" /></a><figcaption>The 14th Dalai Lama being interviewed by <a href="/wiki/Voice_of_America" title="Voice of America">Voice of America</a> journalist <a href="/wiki/Lillard_Hill" title="Lillard Hill">Lillard Hill</a> in 1959</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Dalai_Lama_opens_art_exhibit_in_Tokyo,_1967.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/The_Dalai_Lama_opens_art_exhibit_in_Tokyo%2C_1967.jpg/220px-The_Dalai_Lama_opens_art_exhibit_in_Tokyo%2C_1967.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="193" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/The_Dalai_Lama_opens_art_exhibit_in_Tokyo%2C_1967.jpg/330px-The_Dalai_Lama_opens_art_exhibit_in_Tokyo%2C_1967.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/The_Dalai_Lama_opens_art_exhibit_in_Tokyo%2C_1967.jpg/440px-The_Dalai_Lama_opens_art_exhibit_in_Tokyo%2C_1967.jpg 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="790" /></a><figcaption>In 1967, Dalai Lama was out of India for the first time since he resided there from 1959. The <a href="/wiki/Eisaku_Sat%C5%8D" title="Eisaku Satō">Japanese government</a> granted him visa on the condition he would not attack PRC while in Japan.<a href="#cite_note-123">[114]</a> </figcaption></figure> At the outset of the <a href="/wiki/1959_Tibetan_uprising" title="1959 Tibetan uprising">1959 Tibetan uprising</a>, fearing for his life, the Dalai Lama and his retinue <a href="/wiki/Dalai_Lama%27s_escape_from_China" title="Dalai Lama's escape from China">fled Tibet</a> with the help of the <a href="/wiki/CIA" class="mw-redirect" title="CIA">CIA</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Special_Activities_Division" class="mw-redirect" title="Special Activities Division">Special Activities Division</a>,<a href="#cite_note-124">[115]</a> crossing into India on 30 March 1959, reaching <a href="/wiki/Tezpur" title="Tezpur">Tezpur</a> in <a href="/wiki/Assam" title="Assam">Assam</a> on 18 April.<a href="#cite_note-125">[116]</a> Some time later he set up the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Tibet_in_Exile" class="mw-redirect" title="Government of Tibet in Exile">Government of Tibet in Exile</a> in <a href="/wiki/Dharamshala,_Himachal_Pradesh" class="mw-redirect" title="Dharamshala, Himachal Pradesh">Dharamshala</a>, India,<a href="#cite_note-126">[117]</a> which is often referred to as "<a href="/wiki/McLeod_Ganj" title="McLeod Ganj">Little Lhasa</a>". After the founding of the government in exile he re-established the approximately 80,000 Tibetan refugees who followed him into exile in agricultural settlements.<a href="#cite_note-bbcprofile-79">[70]</a> He created a Tibetan educational system in order to teach the Tibetan children the <a href="/wiki/Tibetic_languages" title="Tibetic languages">language</a>, <a href="/wiki/History_of_Tibet" title="History of Tibet">history</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tibetan_Buddhism" title="Tibetan Buddhism">religion</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Tibet#Culture" title="Tibet">culture</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Tibetan_Institute_of_Performing_Arts" title="Tibetan Institute of Performing Arts">Tibetan Institute of Performing Arts</a> was established<a href="#cite_note-bbcprofile-79">[70]</a> in 1959 and the <a href="/wiki/Central_Institute_of_Higher_Tibetan_Studies" title="Central Institute of Higher Tibetan Studies">Central Institute of Higher Tibetan Studies</a><a href="#cite_note-bbcprofile-79">[70]</a> became the primary university for Tibetans in India in 1967. He supported the refounding of 200 monasteries and nunneries in an attempt to preserve Tibetan Buddhist teachings and the Tibetan way of life. The Dalai Lama appealed to the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a> on the rights of Tibetans. This appeal resulted in three resolutions adopted by the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_General_Assembly" title="United Nations General Assembly">General Assembly</a> in 1959, 1961, and 1965,<a href="#cite_note-bbcprofile-79">[70]</a> all before the People's Republic <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_General_Assembly_Resolution_2758" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations General Assembly Resolution 2758">was allowed representation at the United Nations</a>.<a href="#cite_note-127">[118]</a> The resolutions called on China to respect the human rights of <a href="/wiki/Tibetan_people" title="Tibetan people">Tibetans</a>.<a href="#cite_note-bbcprofile-79">[70]</a> In 1963, he promulgated a democratic constitution which is based upon the <a href="/wiki/Universal_Declaration_of_Human_Rights" title="Universal Declaration of Human Rights">Universal Declaration of Human Rights</a>, creating an elected <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_Central_Tibetan_Administration" title="Parliament of the Central Tibetan Administration">parliament</a> and an <a href="/wiki/Central_Tibetan_Administration" title="Central Tibetan Administration">administration</a> to champion his cause. In 1970, he opened the <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Tibetan_Works_and_Archives" title="Library of Tibetan Works and Archives">Library of Tibetan Works and Archives</a> in Dharamshala which houses over 80,000 manuscripts and important knowledge resources related to Tibetan history, politics and culture. It is considered one of the most important institutions for <a href="/wiki/Tibetology" title="Tibetology">Tibetology</a> in the world.<a href="#cite_note-LTWA-128">[119]</a> In 2016, there were demands from Indian citizens and politicians of different political parties to confer the Dalai Lama the prestigious <a href="/wiki/Bharat_Ratna" title="Bharat Ratna">Bharat Ratna</a>, the highest civilian honour of India, which has only been awarded to a non-Indian citizen twice in its history.<a href="#cite_note-129">[120]</a> In 2021, it was revealed that the Dalai Lama's inner circle were listed in the <a href="/wiki/Pegasus_Project_revelations_in_India" title="Pegasus Project revelations in India">Pegasus project data</a> as having been targeted with <a href="/wiki/Spyware" title="Spyware">spyware</a> on their phones. Analysis strongly indicates potential targets were selected by the Indian government.<a href="#cite_note-130">[121]</a><a href="#cite_note-131">[122]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="International_advocacy">International advocacy</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=14th_Dalai_Lama&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: International advocacy">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Die_Schweiz_f%C3%BCr_Tibet_-_Tibet_f%C3%BCr_die_Welt_-_GSTF_Solidarit%C3%A4tskundgebung_am_10_April_2010_in_Z%C3%BCrich_IMG_5703.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Die_Schweiz_f%C3%BCr_Tibet_-_Tibet_f%C3%BCr_die_Welt_-_GSTF_Solidarit%C3%A4tskundgebung_am_10_April_2010_in_Z%C3%BCrich_IMG_5703.JPG/220px-Die_Schweiz_f%C3%BCr_Tibet_-_Tibet_f%C3%BCr_die_Welt_-_GSTF_Solidarit%C3%A4tskundgebung_am_10_April_2010_in_Z%C3%BCrich_IMG_5703.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Die_Schweiz_f%C3%BCr_Tibet_-_Tibet_f%C3%BCr_die_Welt_-_GSTF_Solidarit%C3%A4tskundgebung_am_10_April_2010_in_Z%C3%BCrich_IMG_5703.JPG/330px-Die_Schweiz_f%C3%BCr_Tibet_-_Tibet_f%C3%BCr_die_Welt_-_GSTF_Solidarit%C3%A4tskundgebung_am_10_April_2010_in_Z%C3%BCrich_IMG_5703.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Die_Schweiz_f%C3%BCr_Tibet_-_Tibet_f%C3%BCr_die_Welt_-_GSTF_Solidarit%C3%A4tskundgebung_am_10_April_2010_in_Z%C3%BCrich_IMG_5703.JPG/440px-Die_Schweiz_f%C3%BCr_Tibet_-_Tibet_f%C3%BCr_die_Welt_-_GSTF_Solidarit%C3%A4tskundgebung_am_10_April_2010_in_Z%C3%BCrich_IMG_5703.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Tibet" title="Flag of Tibet">flag of Tibet</a> (designed by the 13th Dalai Lama) shares the stage with Gyatso in April 2010 in <a href="/wiki/Z%C3%BCrich" class="mw-redirect" title="Zürich">Zurich</a>, Switzerland.</figcaption></figure> At the <a href="/wiki/Congressional_Human_Rights_Caucus" class="mw-redirect" title="Congressional Human Rights Caucus">Congressional Human Rights Caucus</a> in 1987 in <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a>, the Dalai Lama gave a speech outlining his ideas for the future status of Tibet. The plan called for Tibet to become a democratic "zone of peace" without <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_weapons" class="mw-redirect" title="Nuclear weapons">nuclear weapons</a>, and with support for <a href="/wiki/Human_rights" title="Human rights">human rights</a>.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] The plan would come to be known as the "Strasbourg proposal," because the Dalai Lama expanded on the plan at <a href="/wiki/Strasbourg" title="Strasbourg">Strasbourg</a> on 15 June 1988. There, he proposed the creation of a self-governing Tibet "in association with the People's Republic of China." This would have been pursued by negotiations with the PRC government, but the plan was rejected by the Tibetan Government-in-Exile in 1991.<a href="#cite_note-132">[123]</a> The Dalai Lama has indicated that he wishes to return to Tibet only if the People's Republic of China agrees not to make any precondition for his return.<a href="#cite_note-133">[124]</a> In the 1970s, the <a href="/wiki/Paramount_leader" title="Paramount leader">Paramount leader</a> <a href="/wiki/Deng_Xiaoping" title="Deng Xiaoping">Deng Xiaoping</a> set China's sole return requirement to the Dalai Lama as that he "must [come back] as a Chinese citizen ... that is, patriotism".<a href="#cite_note-134">[125]</a> The Dalai Lama celebrated his 70th birthday on 6 July 2005. About 10,000 Tibetan refugees, monks and foreign tourists gathered outside his home. <a href="/wiki/Patriarch_Alexius_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Patriarch Alexius II">Patriarch Alexius II</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Orthodox_Church" title="Russian Orthodox Church">Russian Orthodox Church</a> alleged positive relations with Buddhists. However, later that year, the Russian state prevented the Dalai Lama from fulfilling an invitation to the traditionally Buddhist republic of <a href="/wiki/Kalmykia" title="Kalmykia">Kalmykia</a>.<a href="#cite_note-135">[126]</a> The President of the Republic of China (Taiwan), <a href="/wiki/Chen_Shui-bian" title="Chen Shui-bian">Chen Shui-bian</a>, attended an evening celebrating the Dalai Lama's birthday at the <a href="/wiki/Chiang_Kai-shek_Memorial_Hall" title="Chiang Kai-shek Memorial Hall">Chiang Kai-shek Memorial Hall</a> in Taipei.<a href="#cite_note-136">[127]</a> In October 2008 in Japan, the Dalai Lama addressed the <a href="/wiki/2008_Tibetan_unrest" title="2008 Tibetan unrest">2008 Tibetan violence</a> that had erupted and that the Chinese government accused him of fomenting. He responded that he had "lost faith" in efforts to negotiate with the Chinese government, and that it was "up to the Tibetan people" to decide what to do.<a href="#cite_note-137">[128]</a> During his visit to Taiwan after <a href="/wiki/Typhoon_Morakot" title="Typhoon Morakot">Typhoon Morakot</a> 30 Taiwanese indigenous peoples protested against the Dalai Lama and denounced it as politically motivated.<a href="#cite_note-138">[129]</a><a href="#cite_note-139">[130]</a><a href="#cite_note-140">[131]</a><a href="#cite_note-141">[132]</a> The Dalai Lama is an advocate for a world free of nuclear weapons, and serves on the Advisory Council of the <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_Age_Peace_Foundation" title="Nuclear Age Peace Foundation">Nuclear Age Peace Foundation</a>. The Dalai Lama has voiced his support for the <a href="/wiki/Campaign_for_the_Establishment_of_a_United_Nations_Parliamentary_Assembly" title="Campaign for the Establishment of a United Nations Parliamentary Assembly">Campaign for the Establishment of a United Nations Parliamentary Assembly</a>, an organisation which campaigns for democratic reformation of the United Nations, and the creation of a more accountable international political system.<a href="#cite_note-142">[133]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Teaching_activities,_public_talks">Teaching activities, public talks</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=14th_Dalai_Lama&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Teaching activities, public talks">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dalai_Lama_1997.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Dalai_Lama_1997.jpg/220px-Dalai_Lama_1997.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="282" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Dalai_Lama_1997.jpg/330px-Dalai_Lama_1997.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Dalai_Lama_1997.jpg/440px-Dalai_Lama_1997.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2924" data-file-height="3748" /></a><figcaption>Gyatso during a visit to <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a> in 1997</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:His_Holiness_giving_teachings_at_Sissu,_Lahaul.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/His_Holiness_giving_teachings_at_Sissu%2C_Lahaul.jpg/220px-His_Holiness_giving_teachings_at_Sissu%2C_Lahaul.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="210" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/His_Holiness_giving_teachings_at_Sissu%2C_Lahaul.jpg/330px-His_Holiness_giving_teachings_at_Sissu%2C_Lahaul.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/His_Holiness_giving_teachings_at_Sissu%2C_Lahaul.jpg/440px-His_Holiness_giving_teachings_at_Sissu%2C_Lahaul.jpg 2x" data-file-width="804" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>Gyatso giving teachings at <a href="/wiki/Sissu" title="Sissu">Sissu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lahaul" class="mw-redirect" title="Lahaul">Lahaul</a></figcaption></figure> Despite becoming 80 years old in 2015, he maintains a busy international lecture and teaching schedule.<a href="#cite_note-Schedule-143">[134]</a> His <a href="/wiki/Public_talks" class="mw-redirect" title="Public talks">public talks</a> and <a href="/wiki/Teachings" class="mw-redirect" title="Teachings">teachings</a> are usually <a href="/wiki/Webcast" title="Webcast">webcast</a> live in multiple languages, via an inviting organisation's <a href="/wiki/Website" title="Website">website</a>, or on the Dalai Lama's own website. Scores of his past teaching videos can be viewed there, as well as <a href="/wiki/Public_talks" class="mw-redirect" title="Public talks">public talks</a>, <a href="/wiki/Convention_(meeting)" title="Convention (meeting)">conferences</a>, <a href="/wiki/Interviews" class="mw-redirect" title="Interviews">interviews</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dialogues" class="mw-redirect" title="Dialogues">dialogues</a> and <a href="/wiki/Panel_discussion" title="Panel discussion">panel discussions</a>.<a href="#cite_note-144">[135]</a> The Dalai Lama's best known teaching subject is the <a href="/wiki/Kalachakra_tantra" class="mw-redirect" title="Kalachakra tantra">Kalachakra tantra</a> which, as of 2014, he had conferred a total of 33 times,<a href="#cite_note-145">[136]</a> most often in India's upper Himalayan regions but also in the <a href="/wiki/Western_world" title="Western world">Western world</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Office_of_Dalai_Lama-146">[137]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Kalachakra" title="Kalachakra">Kalachakra</a> (Wheel of Time) is one of the most complex teachings of Buddhism, sometimes taking two weeks to confer, and he often confers it on very large audiences, up to 200,000 students and disciples at a time.<a href="#cite_note-Office_of_Dalai_Lama-146">[137]</a><a href="#cite_note-147">[138]</a> The Dalai Lama is the <a href="#Publications">author of numerous books on Buddhism</a>,<a href="#cite_note-books-148">[139]</a> many of them on general Buddhist subjects but also including books on particular topics like <a href="/wiki/Dzogchen" title="Dzogchen">Dzogchen</a>,<a href="#cite_note-149">[140]</a> a Nyingma practice. In his essay "The Ethic of Compassion" (1999), the Dalai Lama expresses his belief that if we only reserve compassion for those that we love, we are ignoring the responsibility of sharing these characteristics of respect and empathy with those we do not have relationships with, which cannot allow us to "cultivate love." He elaborates upon this idea by writing that although it takes time to develop a higher level of compassion, eventually we will recognise that the quality of empathy will become a part of life and promote our quality as humans and inner strength.<a href="#cite_note-150">[141]</a> He frequently accepts requests from students to visit various countries worldwide in order to give teachings to large Buddhist audiences, teachings that are usually based on classical Buddhist texts and commentaries,<a href="#cite_note-DLSch-151">[142]</a> and most often those written by the 17 pandits or great masters of the <a href="/wiki/Nalanda" class="mw-redirect" title="Nalanda">Nalanda</a> tradition, such as Nagarjuna,<a href="#cite_note-152">[143]</a><a href="#cite_note-153">[144]</a> Kamalashila,<a href="#cite_note-154">[145]</a><a href="#cite_note-155">[146]</a> Shantideva,<a href="#cite_note-156">[147]</a> Atisha,<a href="#cite_note-Atis-157">[148]</a> Aryadeva<a href="#cite_note-Arya-158">[149]</a> and so on. <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dalai_lama_teaching_room.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Dalai_lama_teaching_room.jpg/220px-Dalai_lama_teaching_room.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Dalai_lama_teaching_room.jpg/330px-Dalai_lama_teaching_room.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Dalai_lama_teaching_room.jpg/440px-Dalai_lama_teaching_room.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>The Dalai Lama's main teaching room at <a href="/wiki/Dharamshala,_Himachal_Pradesh" class="mw-redirect" title="Dharamshala, Himachal Pradesh">Dharamshala</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:14th_Dalai_Lama_at_Bodh_Gaya_Kalachakra_in_December_1985.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/14th_Dalai_Lama_at_Bodh_Gaya_Kalachakra_in_December_1985.jpg/220px-14th_Dalai_Lama_at_Bodh_Gaya_Kalachakra_in_December_1985.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/14th_Dalai_Lama_at_Bodh_Gaya_Kalachakra_in_December_1985.jpg/330px-14th_Dalai_Lama_at_Bodh_Gaya_Kalachakra_in_December_1985.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/14th_Dalai_Lama_at_Bodh_Gaya_Kalachakra_in_December_1985.jpg/440px-14th_Dalai_Lama_at_Bodh_Gaya_Kalachakra_in_December_1985.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="745" /></a><figcaption>Dalai Lama conferring Kalachakra initiation at Bodh Gaya, India, December 1985</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bodh_Gaya_Kalachakra_crowd_overview_December_1985.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Bodh_Gaya_Kalachakra_crowd_overview_December_1985.jpg/220px-Bodh_Gaya_Kalachakra_crowd_overview_December_1985.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Bodh_Gaya_Kalachakra_crowd_overview_December_1985.jpg/330px-Bodh_Gaya_Kalachakra_crowd_overview_December_1985.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Bodh_Gaya_Kalachakra_crowd_overview_December_1985.jpg/440px-Bodh_Gaya_Kalachakra_crowd_overview_December_1985.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2537" data-file-height="1640" /></a><figcaption>Overview of teaching venue at Bodh Gaya Kalachakra, 1985</figcaption></figure> The Dalai Lama refers to himself as a follower of these Nalanda masters,<a href="#cite_note-159">[150]</a> in fact he often asserts that 'Tibetan Buddhism' is based on the Buddhist tradition of Nalanda monastery in ancient India,<a href="#cite_note-160">[151]</a> since the texts written by those 17 Nalanda pandits or masters, to whom he has composed a poem of invocation,<a href="#cite_note-161">[152]</a> were brought to Tibet and translated into Tibetan when Buddhism was first established there and have remained central to the teachings of Tibetan Buddhism ever since.<a href="#cite_note-162">[153]</a> As examples of other teachings, in London in 1984 he was invited to give teachings on the Twelve Links of Dependent Arising, and on <a href="/wiki/Dzogchen" title="Dzogchen">Dzogchen</a>, which he gave at Camden Town Hall; in 1988 he was in London once more to give a series of lectures on Tibetan Buddhism in general, called 'A Survey of the Paths of Tibetan Buddhism'.<a href="#cite_note-163">[154]</a> Again in London in 1996 he taught the <a href="/wiki/Four_Noble_Truths" title="Four Noble Truths">Four Noble Truths</a>, the basis and foundation of Buddhism accepted by all Buddhists, at the combined invitation of 27 different Buddhist organisations of all schools and traditions belonging to the Network of Buddhist Organisations UK.<a href="#cite_note-164">[155]</a> In India, the Dalai Lama gives religious teachings and talks in Dharamsala<a href="#cite_note-Atis-157">[148]</a> and numerous other locations including the monasteries in the Tibetan refugee settlements,<a href="#cite_note-DLSch-151">[142]</a> in response to specific requests from Tibetan monastic institutions, Indian academic, religious and business associations, groups of students and individual/private/lay devotees.<a href="#cite_note-165">[156]</a> In India, no fees are charged to attend these teachings since costs are covered by requesting sponsors.<a href="#cite_note-DLSch-151">[142]</a> When he travels abroad to give teachings there is usually a ticket fee calculated by the inviting organisation to cover the costs involved<a href="#cite_note-DLSch-151">[142]</a> and any surplus is normally to be donated to recognised charities.<a href="#cite_note-166">[157]</a> He has frequently visited and lectured at colleges and universities,<a href="#cite_note-167">[158]</a><a href="#cite_note-168">[159]</a><a href="#cite_note-169">[160]</a> some of which have conferred <a href="/wiki/Honorary_degree" title="Honorary degree">honorary degrees</a> upon him.<a href="#cite_note-170">[161]</a><a href="#cite_note-171">[162]</a> Dozens of videos of recorded webcasts of the Dalai Lama's public talks on general subjects for non-Buddhists like peace, happiness and compassion, modern ethics, the environment, economic and social issues, gender, the empowerment of women and so forth can be viewed in his office's archive.<a href="#cite_note-172">[163]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Interfaith_dialogue">Interfaith dialogue</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=14th_Dalai_Lama&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Interfaith dialogue">edit</a>]</div> The Dalai Lama met <a href="/wiki/Pope_Paul_VI" title="Pope Paul VI">Pope Paul VI</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Vatican_City" title="Vatican City">Vatican</a> in 1973. He met <a href="/wiki/Pope_John_Paul_II" title="Pope John Paul II">Pope John Paul II</a> in 1980, 1982, 1986, 1988, 1990, and 2003. In 1990, he met a delegation of Jewish teachers in Dharamshala for an extensive interfaith dialogue.<a href="#cite_note-173">[164]</a> He has since visited Israel three times, and in 2006 met the Chief Rabbi of Israel. In 2006, he met <a href="/wiki/Pope_Benedict_XVI" title="Pope Benedict XVI">Pope Benedict XVI</a> privately. He has met the <a href="/wiki/Archbishop_of_Canterbury" title="Archbishop of Canterbury">Archbishop of Canterbury</a>, Dr. <a href="/wiki/Robert_Runcie" title="Robert Runcie">Robert Runcie</a>, and other leaders of the Anglican Church in London, <a href="/wiki/Gordon_B._Hinckley" title="Gordon B. Hinckley">Gordon B. Hinckley</a>, who at the time was the <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Church_(LDS_Church)" title="President of the Church (LDS Church)">president</a> of <a href="/wiki/The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints" title="The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints">the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints</a>, as well as senior <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_Church" title="Eastern Orthodox Church">Eastern Orthodox Church</a>, <a href="/wiki/Muslim" class="mw-redirect" title="Muslim">Muslim</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hindu" class="mw-redirect" title="Hindu">Hindu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jewish" class="mw-redirect" title="Jewish">Jewish</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Sikh" class="mw-redirect" title="Sikh">Sikh</a> officials. In 1996 and 2002, he participated in the first two Gethsemani Encounters hosted by the <a href="/wiki/Monastic_Interreligious_Dialogue" class="mw-redirect" title="Monastic Interreligious Dialogue">Monastic Interreligious Dialogue</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Abbey_of_Our_Lady_of_Gethsemani#Monastic_interreligious_dialogue" title="Abbey of Our Lady of Gethsemani"> Abbey of Our Lady of Getshemani</a>, where <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Merton" title="Thomas Merton">Thomas Merton</a>, whom the Dalai Lama had met in the late 1960s, had lived.<a href="#cite_note-174">[165]</a><a href="#cite_note-175">[166]</a> He is also a member of the Board of World Religious Leaders as part of <a href="/wiki/The_Elijah_Interfaith_Institute" class="mw-redirect" title="The Elijah Interfaith Institute">The Elijah Interfaith Institute</a><a href="#cite_note-176">[167]</a> and participated in the Third Meeting of the Board of World Religious Leaders in <a href="/wiki/Amritsar" title="Amritsar">Amritsar</a>, India, on 26 November 2007 to discuss the topic of Love and Forgiveness.<a href="#cite_note-177">[168]</a> In 2009, the Dalai Lama inaugurated an <a href="/wiki/Interfaith_dialogue" title="Interfaith dialogue">interfaith</a> "World Religions-Dialogue and Symphony" conference at <a href="/wiki/Gujarat" title="Gujarat">Gujarat</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Mahuva_(Bhavnagar_district)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mahuva (Bhavnagar district)">Mahuva</a> religions, according to <a href="/wiki/Morari_Bapu" title="Morari Bapu">Morari Bapu</a>.<a href="#cite_note-178">[169]</a><a href="#cite_note-179">[170]</a> In 2010, the Dalai Lama, joined by a panel of scholars, launched the <a href="/wiki/Common_Ground_Project" title="Common Ground Project">Common Ground Project</a>,<a href="#cite_note-180">[171]</a> in <a href="/wiki/Bloomington,_Indiana" title="Bloomington, Indiana">Bloomington, Indiana</a> (USA),<a href="#cite_note-181">[172]</a> which was planned by himself and <a href="/wiki/Prince_Ghazi_bin_Muhammad" title="Prince Ghazi bin Muhammad">Prince Ghazi bin Muhammad</a> of <a href="/wiki/Jordan" title="Jordan">Jordan</a> during several years of personal conversations. The project is based on the book Common Ground between Islam and Buddhism.<a href="#cite_note-182">[173]</a> In 2019, the Dalai Lama fully sponsored the first-ever 'Celebrating Diversity in the Muslim World' conference in New Delhi on behalf of the Muslims of <a href="/wiki/Ladakh" title="Ladakh">Ladakh</a>.<a href="#cite_note-cdmw2019-183">[174]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Interest_in_science,_and_Mind_and_Life_Institute">Interest in science, and Mind and Life Institute</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=14th_Dalai_Lama&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Interest in science, and Mind and Life Institute">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dalai_Lama%27s_Baby_Austin_car.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Dalai_Lama%27s_Baby_Austin_car.jpg/220px-Dalai_Lama%27s_Baby_Austin_car.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Dalai_Lama%27s_Baby_Austin_car.jpg/330px-Dalai_Lama%27s_Baby_Austin_car.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Dalai_Lama%27s_Baby_Austin_car.jpg/440px-Dalai_Lama%27s_Baby_Austin_car.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1479" data-file-height="1123" /></a><figcaption>Remains of Dalai Lama's <a href="/wiki/Baby_Austin" class="mw-redirect" title="Baby Austin">Baby Austin</a> car. Lhasa, 1993</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Remains_of_Dalai_Lama%27s_Dodge_car._Lhasa,_1993.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Remains_of_Dalai_Lama%27s_Dodge_car._Lhasa%2C_1993.jpg/220px-Remains_of_Dalai_Lama%27s_Dodge_car._Lhasa%2C_1993.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Remains_of_Dalai_Lama%27s_Dodge_car._Lhasa%2C_1993.jpg/330px-Remains_of_Dalai_Lama%27s_Dodge_car._Lhasa%2C_1993.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Remains_of_Dalai_Lama%27s_Dodge_car._Lhasa%2C_1993.jpg/440px-Remains_of_Dalai_Lama%27s_Dodge_car._Lhasa%2C_1993.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1814" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>Remains of Dalai Lama's <a href="/wiki/Dodge" title="Dodge">Dodge</a> car. Lhasa, 1993</figcaption></figure> The Dalai Lama's lifelong interest in science<a href="#cite_note-nyt-184">[175]</a><a href="#cite_note-185">[176]</a> and technology<a href="#cite_note-Grnd-186">[177]</a> dates from his childhood in Lhasa, Tibet, when he was fascinated by mechanical objects like clocks, watches, telescopes, film projectors, clockwork soldiers<a href="#cite_note-Grnd-186">[177]</a> and motor cars,<a href="#cite_note-itm-187">[178]</a> and loved to repair, disassemble and reassemble them.<a href="#cite_note-nyt-184">[175]</a> Once, observing <a href="/wiki/The_Moon" class="mw-redirect" title="The Moon">the Moon</a> through a <a href="/wiki/Telescope" title="Telescope">telescope</a> as a child, he realised it was a crater-pocked lump of rock and not a heavenly body emitting its own light as Tibetan <a href="/wiki/Cosmologists" class="mw-redirect" title="Cosmologists">cosmologists</a> had taught him.<a href="#cite_note-nyt-184">[175]</a> He has also said that had he not been brought up as a monk he would probably have been an <a href="/wiki/Engineer" title="Engineer">engineer</a>.<a href="#cite_note-188">[179]</a> On his first trip to the west in 1973 he asked to visit <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Cambridge University">Cambridge University</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Astrophysics" title="Astrophysics">astrophysics</a> department in the UK and he sought out renowned scientists such as <a href="/wiki/Sir_Karl_Popper" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir Karl Popper">Sir Karl Popper</a>, <a href="/wiki/David_Bohm" title="David Bohm">David Bohm</a> and <a href="/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_von_Weizs%C3%A4cker" title="Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker">Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker</a>,<a href="#cite_note-itm-187">[178]</a> who taught him the basics of science. The Dalai Lama sees important common ground between <a href="/wiki/Science_and_Buddhism" class="mw-redirect" title="Science and Buddhism">science and Buddhism</a> in having the same approach to challenge dogma on the basis of <a href="/wiki/Empirical_evidence" title="Empirical evidence">empirical evidence</a> that comes from <a href="/wiki/Observation" title="Observation">observation</a> and <a href="/wiki/Analysis" title="Analysis">analysis</a> of <a href="/wiki/Phenomena" class="mw-redirect" title="Phenomena">phenomena</a>.<a href="#cite_note-MITTR-189">[180]</a> His growing wish to develop meaningful scientific dialogue to explore the <a href="/wiki/Buddhism_and_science" title="Buddhism and science">Buddhism and science</a> interface led to invitations for him to attend relevant conferences on his visits to the west, including the <a href="/wiki/Alpbach" title="Alpbach">Alpbach</a> Symposia on Consciousness in 1983 where he met and had discussions with the late Chilean neuroscientist <a href="/wiki/Francisco_J._Varela" class="mw-redirect" title="Francisco J. Varela">Francisco J. Varela</a>.<a href="#cite_note-itm-187">[178]</a> Also in 1983, the American <a href="/wiki/Social_entrepreneur" class="mw-redirect" title="Social entrepreneur">social entrepreneur</a> and <a href="/wiki/Innovator" class="mw-redirect" title="Innovator">innovator</a> <a href="/wiki/R._Adam_Engle" title="R. Adam Engle">R. Adam Engle</a>,<a href="#cite_note-190">[181]</a> who had become aware of the Dalai Lama's deep interest in science, was already considering the idea of facilitating for him a serious dialogue with a selection of appropriate scientists.<a href="#cite_note-191">[182]</a> In 1984 Engle formally offered to the Dalai Lama's office to organise a week-long, formal dialogue for him with a suitable team of scientists, provided that the Dalai Lama would wish to fully participate in such a dialogue. Within 48 hours the Dalai Lama confirmed to Engle that he was "truly interested in participating in something substantial about science" so Engle proceeded with launching the project.<a href="#cite_note-TYM1-192">[183]</a> <a href="/wiki/Francisco_Varela" title="Francisco Varela">Francisco Varela</a>, having heard about Engle's proposal, then called him to tell him of his earlier discussions with the Dalai Lama and to offer his scientific collaboration to the project.<a href="#cite_note-TYM1-192">[183]</a> Engle accepted, and Varela assisted him to assemble his team of six specialist scientists for the first <a href="/wiki/Mind_and_Life_Institute" class="mw-redirect" title="Mind and Life Institute">'Mind and Life'</a> dialogue on the <a href="/wiki/Cognitive_sciences" class="mw-redirect" title="Cognitive sciences">cognitive sciences</a>,<a href="#cite_note-193">[184]</a> which was eventually held with the Dalai Lama at his residence in Dharamsala in 1987.<a href="#cite_note-itm-187">[178]</a><a href="#cite_note-TYM1-192">[183]</a> This five-day event was so successful that at the end the Dalai Lama told Engle he would very much like to repeat it again in the future.<a href="#cite_note-BG122-194">[185]</a> Engle then started work on arranging a second dialogue, this time with <a href="/wiki/Neuroscientists" class="mw-redirect" title="Neuroscientists">neuroscientists</a> in California, and the discussions from the first event were edited and published as Mind and Life's first book, "Gentle Bridges: Conversations with the Dalai Lama on the Sciences of Mind".<a href="#cite_note-195">[186]</a> As <a href="/wiki/Mind_and_Life_Institute" class="mw-redirect" title="Mind and Life Institute">Mind and Life Institute</a>'s remit expanded, Engle formalised the organisation as a non-profit foundation after the third dialogue, held in 1990, which initiated the undertaking of <a href="/wiki/Neurobiological" class="mw-redirect" title="Neurobiological">neurobiological</a> research programmes in the United States under scientific conditions.<a href="#cite_note-BG122-194">[185]</a> Over the following decades, as of 2014 at least 28 dialogues between the Dalai Lama and panels of various world-renowned scientists have followed, held in various countries and covering diverse themes, from the nature of <a href="/wiki/Consciousness" title="Consciousness">consciousness</a> to <a href="/wiki/Cosmology" title="Cosmology">cosmology</a> and from <a href="/wiki/Quantum_mechanics" title="Quantum mechanics">quantum mechanics</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Neuroplasticity" title="Neuroplasticity">neuroplasticity</a> of the brain.<a href="#cite_note-196">[187]</a> Sponsors and partners in these dialogues have included the <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology" title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">Massachusetts Institute of Technology</a>,<a href="#cite_note-197">[188]</a> <a href="/wiki/Johns_Hopkins_University" title="Johns Hopkins University">Johns Hopkins University</a>,<a href="#cite_note-198">[189]</a> the <a href="/wiki/Mayo_Clinic" title="Mayo Clinic">Mayo Clinic</a>,<a href="#cite_note-199">[190]</a> and <a href="/wiki/University_of_Zurich" title="University of Zurich">Zurich University</a>.<a href="#cite_note-200">[191]</a> Apart from time spent teaching Buddhism and fulfilling responsibilities to his Tibetan followers, the Dalai Lama has probably spent, and continues to spend, more of his time and resources investigating the interface between <a href="/wiki/Buddhism_and_science" title="Buddhism and science">Buddhism and science</a> through the ongoing series of <a href="/wiki/Mind_and_Life_Institute" class="mw-redirect" title="Mind and Life Institute">Mind and Life</a> dialogues and its spin-offs than on any other single activity.<a href="#cite_note-Grnd-186">[177]</a> As the institute's Cofounder and the Honorary chairman he has personally presided over and participated in all its dialogues, which continue to expand worldwide.<a href="#cite_note-201">[192]</a> These activities have given rise to dozens of DVD sets of the dialogues and books he has authored on them such as Ethics for the New Millennium and The Universe in a Single Atom, as well as scientific papers and university research programmes.<a href="#cite_note-pdf-202">[193]</a> On the Tibetan and Buddhist side, science subjects have been added to the curriculum for Tibetan monastic educational institutions and scholarship.<a href="#cite_note-203">[194]</a> On the Western side, university and research programmes initiated by these dialogues and funded with millions of dollars in grants from the Dalai Lama Trust include the Emory-Tibet Partnership,<a href="#cite_note-204">[195]</a> <a href="/wiki/Stanford_School_of_Medicine" class="mw-redirect" title="Stanford School of Medicine">Stanford School of Medicine</a>'s Centre for Compassion and Altruism Research and Education (CCARES)<a href="#cite_note-205">[196]</a> and the Centre for Investigating Healthy Minds,<a href="#cite_note-206">[197]</a> amongst others. In 2019, Emory University's Center for Contemplative Sciences and Compassion-Based Ethics, in partnership with The Dalai Lama Trust and the Vana Foundation of India, launched an international SEE Learning (Social, Emotional and Ethical Learning) program in New Delhi, India, a school curriculum for all classes from kindergarten to Std XII that builds on psychologist <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Goleman" title="Daniel Goleman">Daniel Goleman</a>'s work on emotional intelligence in the early 1990s. SEE learning focuses on developing critical thinking, ethical reasoning and compassion and stresses on commonalities rather than on the differences.<a href="#cite_note-207">[198]</a><a href="#cite_note-208">[199]</a><a href="#cite_note-209">[200]</a><a href="#cite_note-210">[201]</a> In particular, the Mind and Life Education Humanities & Social Sciences initiatives have been instrumental in developing the emerging field of Contemplative Science, by researching, for example, the effects of contemplative practice on the human brain, behaviour and biology.<a href="#cite_note-pdf-202">[193]</a> In his 2005 book The Universe in a Single Atom and elsewhere, and to mark his commitment to scientific truth and its ultimate ascendancy over religious belief, unusually for a major religious leader the Dalai Lama advises his Buddhist followers: "If scientific analysis were conclusively to demonstrate certain claims in Buddhism to be false, then we must accept the findings of science and abandon those claims."<a href="#cite_note-211">[202]</a> He has also cited examples of archaic Buddhist ideas he has abandoned himself on this basis.<a href="#cite_note-nyt-184">[175]</a><a href="#cite_note-212">[203]</a> These activities have even had an impact in the Chinese capital. In 2013 an 'academic dialogue' with a Chinese scientist, a Tibetan 'living Buddha' and a professor of Religion took place in Beijing. Entitled "High-end dialogue: ancient Buddhism and modern science" it addressed the same considerations that interest the Dalai Lama, described as 'discussing about the similarities between Buddhism and modern science'.<a href="#cite_note-213">[204]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Personal_meditation_practice">Personal meditation practice</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=14th_Dalai_Lama&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Personal meditation practice">edit</a>]</div> The Dalai Lama uses various <a href="/wiki/Meditation" title="Meditation">meditation</a> techniques, including analytic meditation and <a href="/wiki/%C5%9A%C5%ABnyat%C4%81#Tibetan_Buddhism" title="Śūnyatā">emptiness meditation</a>.<a href="#cite_note-214">[205]</a> He has said that the aim of meditation is <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote">"to maintain a very full state of alertness and mindfulness, and then try to see the natural state of your consciousness."<a href="#cite_note-215">[206]</a> "All human beings have an innate desire to overcome suffering, to find happiness. Training the mind to think differently, through meditation, is one important way to avoid suffering and be happy."<a href="#cite_note-216">[207]</a></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Social_stances">Social stances</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=14th_Dalai_Lama&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Social stances">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tibetan_independence">Tibetan independence</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=14th_Dalai_Lama&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Tibetan independence">edit</a>]</div> Despite initially advocating for Tibetan independence from 1961 to 1974, the Dalai Lama no longer supports it. Instead he advocates for more meaningful autonomy for Tibetans within the People's Republic of China.<a href="#cite_note-217">[208]</a> This approach is known as the "Middle Way". In 2005, the 14th Dalai Lama emphasized that Tibet is a part of China, and Tibetan culture and Buddhism are part of Chinese culture. <a href="#cite_note-218">[209]</a> In a speech at <a href="/wiki/Kolkata" title="Kolkata">Kolkata</a> in 2017, the Dalai Lama stated that Tibetans wanted to stay with China and they did not desire <a href="/wiki/Tibetan_independence_movement" title="Tibetan independence movement">independence</a>. He said that he believed that China after opening up, had changed 40 to 50 per cent of what it was earlier, and that Tibetans wanted to get more development from China.<a href="#cite_note-219">[210]</a> In October 2020, the Dalai Lama stated that he did not support Tibetan independence and hoped to visit China as a Nobel Prize winner. He said "I prefer the concept of a 'republic' in the People's Republic of China. In the concept of republic, ethnic minorities are like Tibetans, The Mongols, Manchus, and Xinjiang Uyghurs, we can live in harmony".<a href="#cite_note-220">[211]</a> <blockquote> The Tibetan people do not accept the present status of Tibet under the People's Republic of China. At the same time, they do not seek independence for Tibet, which is a historical fact. Treading a middle path in between these two lies the policy and means to achieve a genuine autonomy for all Tibetans living in the three traditional provinces of Tibet within the framework of the People's Republic of China. This is called the Middle-Way Approach, a non-partisan and moderate position that safeguards the vital interests of all concerned parties-for Tibetans: the protection and preservation of their culture, religion and national identity; for the Chinese: the security and territorial integrity of the motherland; and for neighbours and other third parties: peaceful borders and international relations.<a href="#cite_note-221">[212]</a><a href="#cite_note-222">[213]</a></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Abortion">Abortion</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=14th_Dalai_Lama&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Abortion">edit</a>]</div> The Dalai Lama has said that, from the perspective of the Buddhist precepts, <a href="/wiki/Abortion" title="Abortion">abortion</a> is an act of killing.<a href="#cite_note-223">[214]</a> In 1993, he clarified a more nuanced position, stating, "... it depends on the circumstances. If the unborn child will be retarded or if the birth will create serious problems for the parent, these are cases where there can be an exception. I think abortion should be approved or disapproved according to each circumstance."<a href="#cite_note-224">[215]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Death_penalty">Death penalty</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=14th_Dalai_Lama&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Death penalty">edit</a>]</div> The Dalai Lama has repeatedly expressed his opposition to the <a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment" title="Capital punishment">death penalty</a>, saying that it contradicts the Buddhist philosophy of non-violence and that it expresses anger, not compassion.<a href="#cite_note-225">[216]</a> During a 2005 visit to <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a>, a country which <a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Japan" title="Capital punishment in Japan">has the death penalty</a>, the Dalai Lama called for the abolition of the death penalty and said in his address, "Criminals, people who commit crimes, usually society rejects these people. They are also part of society. Give them some form of punishment to say they were wrong, but show them they are part of society and can change. Show them compassion."<a href="#cite_note-226">[217]</a> The Dalai Lama has also praised <a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States" title="Capital punishment in the United States">U.S. states that have abolished the death penalty</a>.<a href="#cite_note-227">[218]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Democracy,_nonviolence,_religious_harmony,_and_Tibet's_relationship_with_India">Democracy, nonviolence, religious harmony, and Tibet's relationship with India</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=14th_Dalai_Lama&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Democracy, nonviolence, religious harmony, and Tibet's relationship with India">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Vienna_2012-05-26_-_Europe_for_Tibet_Solidarity_Rally_194_HH_sequence_s.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Vienna_2012-05-26_-_Europe_for_Tibet_Solidarity_Rally_194_HH_sequence_s.jpg/220px-Vienna_2012-05-26_-_Europe_for_Tibet_Solidarity_Rally_194_HH_sequence_s.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="627" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Vienna_2012-05-26_-_Europe_for_Tibet_Solidarity_Rally_194_HH_sequence_s.jpg/330px-Vienna_2012-05-26_-_Europe_for_Tibet_Solidarity_Rally_194_HH_sequence_s.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Vienna_2012-05-26_-_Europe_for_Tibet_Solidarity_Rally_194_HH_sequence_s.jpg/440px-Vienna_2012-05-26_-_Europe_for_Tibet_Solidarity_Rally_194_HH_sequence_s.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3131" data-file-height="8927" /></a><figcaption>The Dalai Lama in Vienna, Austria, in 2012</figcaption></figure> The Dalai Lama says that he is active in spreading India's message of <a href="/wiki/Nonviolence" title="Nonviolence">nonviolence</a> and religious harmony throughout the world.<a href="#cite_note-228">[219]</a> "I am the messenger of India's ancient thoughts the world over." He has said that democracy has deep roots in India. He says he considers India the master and Tibet its disciple, as great scholars went from India to Tibet to teach Buddhism. He has noted that millions of people lost their lives in violence and the economies of many countries were ruined due to conflicts in the 20th century. "Let the 21st century be a century of tolerance and dialogue."<a href="#cite_note-229">[220]</a> The Dalai Lama has also critiqued proselytisation and certain types of conversion, believing the practices to be contrary to the fundamental ideas of religious harmony and spiritual practice.<a href="#cite_note-230">[221]</a><a href="#cite_note-231">[222]</a><a href="#cite_note-www2.kenyon.edu-232">[223]</a><a href="#cite_note-abcnews.go.com-233">[224]</a> He has stated that "It's very important that our religious traditions live in harmony with one another and I don't think proselytizing contributes to this. Just as fighting and killing in the name of religion are very sad, it's not appropriate to use religion as a ground or a means for defeating others."<a href="#cite_note-234">[225]</a> In particular, he has critiqued Christian approaches to conversion in Asia, stating that he has "come across situations where serving the people is a cover for proselytization."<a href="#cite_note-235">[226]</a> The Dalai Lama has labelled such practices counter to the "message of Christ" and has emphasised that such individuals "practice conversion like a kind of war against peoples and cultures."<a href="#cite_note-www2.kenyon.edu-232">[223]</a> In a statement with Hindu religious leaders, he expressed that he opposes "conversions by any religious tradition using various methods of enticement."<a href="#cite_note-abcnews.go.com-233">[224]</a> In 1993, the Dalai Lama attended the <a href="/wiki/World_Conference_on_Human_Rights" title="World Conference on Human Rights">World Conference on Human Rights</a> and made a speech titled "Human Rights and Universal Responsibility".<a href="#cite_note-236">[227]</a> In 2001, in response to a question from a <a href="/wiki/Seattle" title="Seattle">Seattle</a> schoolgirl, the Dalai Lama said that it is permissible to shoot someone in self-defense (if the person was "trying to kill you") and he emphasised that the shot should not be fatal.<a href="#cite_note-237">[228]</a> In 2013, the Dalai Lama criticised Buddhist monks' <a href="/wiki/2013_Burma_anti-Muslim_riots" class="mw-redirect" title="2013 Burma anti-Muslim riots">attacks on Muslims</a> in <a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a> and rejected <a href="/wiki/Buddhism_and_violence" title="Buddhism and violence">violence by Buddhists</a>, saying: "Buddha always teaches us about forgiveness, tolerance, compassion. If from one corner of your mind, some emotion makes you want to hit, or want to kill, then please remember Buddha's faith. ... All problems must be solved through dialogue, through talk. The use of violence is outdated, and never solves problems."<a href="#cite_note-238">[229]</a> In May 2013, he said "Really, killing people in the name of religion is unthinkable, very sad."<a href="#cite_note-239">[230]</a> In May 2015, the Dalai Lama called on Myanmar's <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="Nobel Peace Prize">Nobel Peace Prize</a> winner <a href="/wiki/Aung_San_Suu_Kyi" title="Aung San Suu Kyi">Aung San Suu Kyi</a> to do more to help the <a href="/wiki/Rohingya_people" title="Rohingya people">Rohingya Muslims</a> in Myanmar, and said that he had urged Suu Kyi to address the Rohingyas' plight in two previous private meetings and had been rebuffed.<a href="#cite_note-240">[231]</a> In 2017, after <a href="/wiki/Chinese_dissident" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese dissident">Chinese dissident</a> and <a href="/wiki/2010_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="2010 Nobel Peace Prize">Nobel Peace Prize</a> laureate <a href="/wiki/Liu_Xiaobo" title="Liu Xiaobo">Liu Xiaobo</a> died of organ failure while in Chinese government custody, the Dalai Lama said he was "deeply saddened" and that he believed that Liu's "unceasing <a href="/wiki/Chinese_democracy_movement" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese democracy movement">efforts in the cause of freedom</a> will bear fruit before long."<a href="#cite_note-241">[232]</a> The Dalai Lama has consistently praised India.<a href="#cite_note-242">[233]</a><a href="#cite_note-243">[234]</a> In December 2018, he said Muslim countries like Bangladesh, Pakistan and Syria should learn about religion from India for peace in the world.<a href="#cite_note-244">[235]</a><a href="#cite_note-245">[236]</a> When asked in 2019 about attacks on the minority community in India including a recent one against a Muslim family in <a href="/wiki/Gurgaon" title="Gurgaon">Gurgaon</a>, he said: "There are always a few mischievous people, but that does not mean it a symbol of that nation".<a href="#cite_note-246">[237]</a><a href="#cite_note-247">[238]</a> He reiterated in December 2021 that he thought India was a role model for religious harmony in the world.<a href="#cite_note-248">[239]</a><a href="#cite_note-249">[240]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Diet_and_animal_welfare">Diet and animal welfare</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=14th_Dalai_Lama&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Diet and animal welfare">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote">People think of animals as if they were vegetables, and that is not right. We have to change the way people think about animals. I encourage the Tibetan people and all people to move toward a vegetarian diet that doesn't cause suffering.<div class="templatequotecite">— <cite>Dalai Lama<a href="#cite_note-250">[241]</a></cite></div></blockquote> The Dalai Lama advocates compassion for animals and frequently urges people to try <a href="/wiki/Vegetarianism" title="Vegetarianism">vegetarianism</a> or at least reduce their consumption of meat. In Tibet, where historically meat was the most common food, most monks historically have been <a href="/wiki/Omnivore" title="Omnivore">omnivores</a>, including the Dalai Lamas. The Fourteenth Dalai Lama was raised in a meat-eating family but converted to vegetarianism after arriving in India, where vegetables are much more easily available and vegetarianism is widespread.<a href="#cite_note-251">[242]</a> He spent many years as a vegetarian, but after contracting <a href="/wiki/Hepatitis" title="Hepatitis">hepatitis</a> in India and suffering from weakness, his doctors told him to return to eating meat which he now does twice a week.<a href="#cite_note-252">[243]</a> This attracted public attention when, during a visit to the White House, he was offered a vegetarian menu but declined by replying, as he is known to do on occasion when dining in the company of non-vegetarians, "I'm a Tibetan monk, not a vegetarian".<a href="#cite_note-253">[244]</a> His own home kitchen, however, is completely vegetarian.<a href="#cite_note-254">[245]</a> In 2009, the English singer <a href="/wiki/Paul_McCartney" title="Paul McCartney">Paul McCartney</a> wrote a letter to the Dalai Lama inquiring why he was not a vegetarian. As McCartney later told <a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a>, "He wrote back very kindly, saying, 'my doctors tell me that I must eat meat'. And I wrote back again, saying, you know, I don't think that's right. [...] I think now he's vegetarian most of the time. I think he's now being told, the more he meets doctors from the west, that he can get his protein somewhere else. [...] It just doesn't seem right – the Dalai Lama, on the one hand, saying, 'Hey guys, don't harm sentient beings... Oh, and by the way, I'm having a steak.'"<a href="#cite_note-255">[246]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Economics_and_political_stance">Economics and political stance</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=14th_Dalai_Lama&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Economics and political stance">edit</a>]</div> The Dalai Lama has referred to himself as a <a href="/wiki/Marxism" title="Marxism">Marxist</a> and has articulated <a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_capitalism" title="Criticism of capitalism">criticisms of capitalism</a>.<a href="#cite_note-angrymarxist-256">[247]</a><a href="#cite_note-GuardMarx-257">[248]</a><a href="#cite_note-258">[249]</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote">I am not only a socialist but also a bit leftist, a communist. In terms of social economy theory, I am a Marxist. I think I am farther to the left than the Chinese leaders. [Bursts out laughing.] They are capitalists.<a href="#cite_note-angrymarxist-256">[247]</a></blockquote> He reports hearing of <a href="/wiki/Communism" title="Communism">communism</a> when he was very young, but only in the context of the destruction of the <a href="/wiki/Mongolian_People%27s_Republic" title="Mongolian People's Republic">Mongolian People's Republic</a>. It was only when he went on his trip to <a href="/wiki/Beijing" title="Beijing">Beijing</a> that he learned about <a href="/wiki/Marxist_philosophy" title="Marxist philosophy">Marxist theory</a> from his interpreter <a href="/wiki/Phuntsog_Wangyal" class="mw-redirect" title="Phuntsog Wangyal">Baba Phuntsog Wangyal</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Tibetan_Communist_Party" title="Tibetan Communist Party">Tibetan Communist Party</a>.<a href="#cite_note-259">[250]</a> At that time, he reports, "I was so attracted to Marxism, I even expressed my wish to become a <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Chinese Communist Party">Communist Party</a> member," citing his favourite concepts of <a href="/wiki/Self-sufficiency" class="mw-redirect" title="Self-sufficiency">self-sufficiency</a> and equal <a href="/wiki/Distribution_of_wealth" title="Distribution of wealth">distribution of wealth</a>. He does not believe that China implemented "true Marxist policy,"<a href="#cite_note-260">[251]</a> and thinks the historical <a href="/wiki/Communist_state" title="Communist state">communist states</a> such as the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> "were far more concerned with their narrow national interests than with the <a href="/wiki/International_Workingmen%27s_Association" title="International Workingmen's Association">Workers' International</a>".<a href="#cite_note-TibetMarx-261">[252]</a> Moreover, he believes one flaw of historically "Marxist regimes" is that they place too much emphasis on destroying the ruling class, and not enough on compassion.<a href="#cite_note-TibetMarx-261">[252]</a> He finds Marxism superior to capitalism, believing the latter is only concerned with "how to make profits," whereas the former has "moral ethics".<a href="#cite_note-262">[253]</a> Stating in 1993: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote">Of all the modern economic theories, the economic system of <a href="/wiki/Marxism" title="Marxism">Marxism</a> is founded on moral principles, while <a href="/wiki/Capitalism" title="Capitalism">capitalism</a> is concerned only with gain and profitability. Marxism is concerned with the distribution of wealth on an equal basis and the equitable utilisation of the <a href="/wiki/Means_of_production" title="Means of production">means of production</a>. It is also concerned with the fate of the <a href="/wiki/Proletariat" title="Proletariat">working classes</a>—that is, the majority—as well as with the fate of those who are underprivileged and in need, and Marxism cares about the victims of minority-imposed <a href="/wiki/Exploitation_of_labour" title="Exploitation of labour">exploitation</a>. For those reasons the system appeals to me, and it seems fair. I just recently read an article in a paper where His Holiness the Pope also pointed out some positive aspects of Marxism.<a href="#cite_note-GuardMarx-257">[248]</a><a href="#cite_note-TibetMarx-261">[252]</a></blockquote>On <a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="India–Pakistan relations">India–Pakistan relations</a>, the Dalai Lama in October 2019 said: "There is a difference between Indian and Pakistani Prime Minister's speech at the UN. Indian prime prime minister talks about peace and you know what his Pakistan counterpart said. Getting China's political support is Pakistan's compulsion. But Pakistan also needs India. Pakistani leaders should calm down and think beyond emotions and should follow a realistic approach".<a href="#cite_note-263">[254]</a><a href="#cite_note-264">[255]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Environment">Environment</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=14th_Dalai_Lama&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Environment">edit</a>]</div> The Dalai Lama is outspoken in his concerns about <a href="/wiki/Environmental_problem" class="mw-redirect" title="Environmental problem">environmental problems</a>, frequently giving public talks on themes related to the environment. He has pointed out that many rivers in Asia <a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Tibet" title="Geography of Tibet">originate in Tibet</a>, and that the <a href="/wiki/Retreat_of_glaciers_since_1850" title="Retreat of glaciers since 1850">melting of Himalayan glaciers</a> could affect the countries in which the rivers flow.<a href="#cite_note-global-265">[256]</a> He acknowledged official Chinese laws against <a href="/wiki/Deforestation" title="Deforestation">deforestation</a> in Tibet, but lamented they can be ignored due to possible <a href="/wiki/Corruption_in_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Corruption in the People's Republic of China">corruption</a>.<a href="#cite_note-266">[257]</a> He was quoted as saying "ecology should be part of our daily life";<a href="#cite_note-267">[258]</a> personally, he takes showers instead of baths, and turns lights off when he leaves a room.<a href="#cite_note-global-265">[256]</a> Around 2005, he started campaigning for <a href="/wiki/Wildlife_conservation" title="Wildlife conservation">wildlife conservation</a>, including by issuing a religious ruling against wearing tiger and leopard skins as garments.<a href="#cite_note-268">[259]</a><a href="#cite_note-269">[260]</a> The Dalai Lama supports the <a href="/wiki/Anti-whaling" title="Anti-whaling">anti-whaling</a> position in the <a href="/wiki/Whaling_controversy" class="mw-redirect" title="Whaling controversy">whaling controversy</a>, but has criticised the activities of groups such as the <a href="/wiki/Sea_Shepherd_Conservation_Society" title="Sea Shepherd Conservation Society">Sea Shepherd Conservation Society</a> (which carries out acts of what it calls aggressive nonviolence against property).<a href="#cite_note-270">[261]</a> Before the <a href="/wiki/2009_United_Nations_Climate_Change_Conference" class="mw-redirect" title="2009 United Nations Climate Change Conference">2009 United Nations Climate Change Conference</a>, he urged national leaders to put aside domestic concerns and take collective action against <a href="/wiki/Climate_change" title="Climate change">climate change</a>.<a href="#cite_note-271">[262]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sexuality">Sexuality</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=14th_Dalai_Lama&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Sexuality">edit</a>]</div> The Dalai Lama's stances on topics of sexuality have changed over time. A monk since childhood, the Dalai Lama has said that sex offers fleeting satisfaction and leads to trouble later, while chastity offers a better life and "more independence, more freedom".<a href="#cite_note-272">[263]</a> He has said that problems arising from conjugal life sometimes even lead to suicide or murder.<a href="#cite_note-Teleg-273">[264]</a> He has asserted that all religions have the same view about adultery.<a href="#cite_note-274">[265]</a> In his discussions of the traditional Buddhist view on appropriate sexual behaviour, he explains the concept of "right organ in the right object at the right time," which historically has been interpreted as indicating that oral, manual and anal sex (both homosexual and heterosexual) are not appropriate in Buddhism or for Buddhists. However, he also says that in modern times all common, consensual sexual practices that do not cause harm to others are ethically acceptable and that society should accept and respect people who are <a href="/wiki/Gay" title="Gay">gay</a> or <a href="/wiki/Transgender" title="Transgender">transgender</a> from a secular point of view.<a href="#cite_note-275">[266]</a> In a 1994 interview with <a href="/wiki/OUT_Magazine" class="mw-redirect" title="OUT Magazine">OUT Magazine</a>, the Dalai Lama clarified his personal opinion on the matter by saying, "If someone comes to me and asks whether <a href="/wiki/Homosexuality" title="Homosexuality">homosexuality</a> is okay or not, I will ask 'What is your companion's opinion?' If you both agree, then I think I would say, 'If two males or two females voluntarily agree to have mutual satisfaction without further implication of harming others, then it is okay.'"<a href="#cite_note-276">[267]</a> However, when interviewed by Canadian TV news anchor <a href="/wiki/Evan_Solomon" title="Evan Solomon">Evan Solomon</a> on <a href="/wiki/CBC_News:_Sunday" title="CBC News: Sunday">CBC News: Sunday</a> about whether homosexuality is acceptable in Buddhism, the Dalai Lama responded that "it is sexual misconduct".<a href="#cite_note-277">[268]</a> In his 1996 book Beyond Dogma, he described a traditional Buddhist definition of an appropriate sexual act as follows: "A sexual act is deemed proper when the couples use the organs intended for sexual intercourse and nothing else ... Homosexuality, whether it is between men or between women, is not improper in itself. What is improper is the use of organs already defined as inappropriate for sexual contact."<a href="#cite_note-278">[269]</a> He elaborated in 1997, conceding that the basis of that teaching was unknown to him. He also conveyed his own "willingness to consider the possibility that some of the teachings may be specific to a particular cultural and historic context".<a href="#cite_note-279">[270]</a> In 2006, the Dalai Lama has expressed concern at "reports of violence and discrimination against" <a href="/wiki/LGBT_people" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT people">LGBT people</a> and urged "respect, tolerance and the full recognition of human rights for all".<a href="#cite_note-280">[271]</a> In a 2014 interview with <a href="/wiki/Larry_King" title="Larry King">Larry King</a>, the Dalai Lama expressed that <a href="/wiki/Same-sex_marriage" title="Same-sex marriage">same-sex marriage</a> is a personal issue, can be ethically socially accepted, and that he personally accepts it. However, he also stated that if same-sex marriage is in contradiction with one's chosen traditions, then they should not follow it.<a href="#cite_note-281">[272]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Women's_rights">Women's rights</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=14th_Dalai_Lama&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Women's rights">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Women_in_Buddhism" title="Women in Buddhism">Women in Buddhism</a> and <a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_Buddhism#Women_in_Buddhism" title="Criticism of Buddhism">Criticism of Buddhism § Women in Buddhism</a></div> In 2007, he said that the next Dalai Lama could possibly be a woman: "If a woman reveals herself as more useful the lama could very well be reincarnated in this form."<a href="#cite_note-282">[273]</a> In 2009, on <a href="/wiki/Gender_equality" title="Gender equality">gender equality</a> and sexism, the Dalai Lama proclaimed at the <a href="/wiki/National_Civil_Rights_Museum" title="National Civil Rights Museum">National Civil Rights Museum</a> in <a href="/wiki/Memphis,_Tennessee" title="Memphis, Tennessee">Memphis, Tennessee</a>: "I call myself a <a href="/wiki/Feminist" class="mw-redirect" title="Feminist">feminist</a>. Isn't that what you call someone who fights for <a href="/wiki/Women%27s_rights" title="Women's rights">women's rights</a>?" He also said that by nature, women are more compassionate "based on their biology and ability to nurture and birth children". He called on women to "lead and create a more compassionate world," citing the good works of nurses and mothers.<a href="#cite_note-283">[274]</a> At a 2014 appearance at the <a href="/wiki/Tata_Institute_of_Social_Sciences" title="Tata Institute of Social Sciences">Tata Institute of Social Sciences</a> in Mumbai, the Dalai Lama said, "Since women have been shown to be more sensitive to others' suffering, their leadership may be more effective."<a href="#cite_note-284">[275]</a> In 2015, he said in a <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a> interview that if a female succeeded him, "that female must be attractive, otherwise it is not much use," and when asked if he was joking, replied, "No. True!" He followed with a joke about his success being due to his own appearance.<a href="#cite_note-285">[276]</a> His office later released a statement of apology citing the interaction as a translation error.<a href="#cite_note-Rodriguez-286">[277]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Health">Health</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=14th_Dalai_Lama&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Health">edit</a>]</div> In 2013, at the Culture of Compassion event in <a href="/wiki/Derry" title="Derry">Derry</a>, <a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland" title="Northern Ireland">Northern Ireland</a>, the Dalai Lama said that "Warm-heartedness is a key factor for healthy individuals, healthy families and healthy communities."<a href="#cite_note-287">[278]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Response_to_COVID-19">Response to COVID-19</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=14th_Dalai_Lama&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Response to COVID-19">edit</a>]</div> In a 2020 statement in Time magazine on the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a>, the Dalai Lama said that the pandemic must be combated with compassion, empirical science, prayer, and the courage of healthcare workers. He emphasised "emotional disarmament" (seeing things with a clear and realistic perspective, without fear or rage) and wrote: "The outbreak of this terrible coronavirus has shown that what happens to one person can soon affect every other being. But it also reminds us that a compassionate or constructive act – whether working in hospitals or just observing social distancing – has the potential to help many."<a href="#cite_note-288">[279]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Immigration">Immigration</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=14th_Dalai_Lama&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Immigration">edit</a>]</div> In September 2018, speaking at a conference in <a href="/wiki/Malm%C3%B6" title="Malmö">Malmö</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a>, home to a large <a href="/wiki/Immigration_to_Sweden" title="Immigration to Sweden">immigrant population</a>, the Dalai Lama said "I think Europe belongs to the Europeans," but also that Europe was "morally responsible" for helping "a refugee really facing danger against their life". He stated that Europe has a responsibility to refugees to "receive them, help them, educate them," but that they should aim to return to their places of origin and that "they ultimately should rebuild their own country".<a href="#cite_note-289">[280]</a><a href="#cite_note-290">[281]</a> Speaking to German reporters in 2016, the Dalai Lama said there are "too many" refugees in Europe, adding that "Europe, for example Germany, cannot become an Arab country." He also said that "Germany is Germany".<a href="#cite_note-291">[282]</a><a href="#cite_note-292">[283]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Retirement_and_succession_plans">Retirement and succession plans</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=14th_Dalai_Lama&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Retirement and succession plans">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Succession_of_the_14th_Dalai_Lama" title="Succession of the 14th Dalai Lama">Succession of the 14th Dalai Lama</a></div> In 2007 the 14th Dalai Lama said his reincarnation could be a woman.<a href="#cite_note-293">[284]</a> This was mentioned again in 2015<a href="#cite_note-294">[285]</a> and 2019.<a href="#cite_note-295">[286]</a> In May 2011, the Dalai Lama retired from the <a href="/wiki/Central_Tibetan_Administration" title="Central Tibetan Administration">Central Tibetan Administration</a>.<a href="#cite_note-296">[287]</a> In September 2011, the Dalai Lama issued the following statement concerning <a href="/wiki/Succession_of_the_14th_Dalai_Lama" title="Succession of the 14th Dalai Lama">his succession</a> and <a href="/wiki/Reincarnation" title="Reincarnation">reincarnation</a>: <blockquote>When I am about ninety I will consult the high Lamas of the Tibetan Buddhist traditions, the Tibetan public, and other concerned people who follow Tibetan Buddhism, and re-evaluate whether the institution of the Dalai Lama should continue or not. On that basis we will take a decision. If it is decided that the reincarnation of the Dalai Lama should continue and there is a need for the Fifteenth Dalai Lama to be recognized, responsibility for doing so will primarily rest on the concerned officers of the Dalai Lama's Gaden Phodrang Trust. They should consult the various heads of the Tibetan Buddhist traditions and the reliable oath-bound Dharma Protectors who are linked inseparably to the lineage of the Dalai Lamas. They should seek advice and direction from these concerned beings and carry out the procedures of search and recognition in accordance with past tradition. I shall leave clear written instructions about this. Bear in mind that, apart from the reincarnation recognized through such legitimate methods, no recognition or acceptance should be given to a candidate chosen for political ends by anyone, including those in the People's Republic of China.<a href="#cite_note-297">[288]</a><a href="#cite_note-298">[289]</a></blockquote> In October 2011, the Dalai Lama repeated his statement in an interview with Canadian <a href="/wiki/CTV_News" title="CTV News">CTV News</a>. He added that Chinese laws banning the selection of successors based on reincarnation will not impact his decisions. "Naturally my next life is entirely up to me. No one else. And also this is not a political matter," he said in the interview. The Dalai Lama also added that he has not decided on whether he would reincarnate or be the last Dalai Lama.<a href="#cite_note-299">[290]</a> In an interview with the German newspaper Welt am Sonntag published on 7 September 2014 the Dalai Lama stated "the institution of the Dalai Lama has served its purpose," and that "We had a Dalai Lama for almost five centuries. The 14th Dalai Lama now is very popular. Let us then finish with a popular Dalai Lama."<a href="#cite_note-300">[291]</a> In response, the Chinese government said the title of Dalai Lama has been conferred by the central government for hundreds of years and the 14th Dalai Lama has ulterior motives. This was taken by Tibetan activists and <a href="/wiki/The_Wire_(magazine)" title="The Wire (magazine)">The Wire</a> to mean that China will make the Dalai Lama reincarnate no matter what.<a href="#cite_note-301">[292]</a> Gyatso has also expressed fear that the Chinese government would manipulate any reincarnation selection in order to choose a successor that would go along with their political goals.<a href="#cite_note-302">[293]</a> In 2015, the 14th Dalai Lama has claimed he may be reincarnated as a mischievous blonde woman.<a href="#cite_note-303">[294]</a> In 2019, the 14th Dalai Lama said that if a female Dalai Lama comes, she should be more attractive.<a href="#cite_note-304">[295]</a> Chinese politician <a href="/wiki/Padma_Choling" title="Padma Choling">Padma Choling</a> accused the 14th Dalai Lama of flip-flopping with his various statements on the issue, and of hypocrisy as he himself was reincarnated. He also accused the 14th Dalai Lama of profaning Tibetan Buddhism "by doubting his reincarnation".<a href="#cite_note-Reuters1-305">[296]</a> In October 2019, the 14th Dalai Lama stated that because of the feudal origin of the Dalai Lama reincarnation system, the reincarnation system should end.<a href="#cite_note-306">[297]</a><a href="#cite_note-307">[298]</a><a href="#cite_note-308">[299]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="CIA_Tibetan_program">CIA Tibetan program</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=14th_Dalai_Lama&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: CIA Tibetan program">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/CIA_Tibetan_program" title="CIA Tibetan program">CIA Tibetan program</a></div> In October 1998, the Dalai Lama's administration acknowledged that it received $1.7 million a year in the 1960s from the U.S. government through a <a href="/wiki/CIA_Tibetan_program" title="CIA Tibetan program">Central Intelligence Agency program</a>.<a href="#cite_note-tnyt_10-2-1998-309">[300]</a> When asked by CIA officer John Kenneth Knaus in 1995 to comment on the <a href="/wiki/CIA_Tibetan_program" title="CIA Tibetan program">CIA Tibetan program</a>, the Dalai Lama replied that though it helped the morale of those resisting the Chinese, "thousands of lives were lost in the resistance" and further, that "the U.S. Government had involved itself in his country's affairs not to help Tibet but only as a Cold War tactic to challenge the Chinese."<a href="#cite_note-310">[301]</a> As part of the program the Dalai Lama received 180,000 dollars a year from 1959 till 1974 for his own personal use.<a href="#cite_note-311">[302]</a> His administration's reception of CIA funding has become one of the grounds for some state-run <a href="/wiki/Chinese_newspapers" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese newspapers">Chinese newspapers</a> to discredit him along with the Tibetan independence movement.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] In his autobiography <a href="/wiki/Freedom_in_Exile" title="Freedom in Exile">Freedom in Exile</a>, the Dalai Lama criticised the CIA again for supporting the Tibetan independence movement "not because they (the CIA) cared about Tibetan independence, but as part of their worldwide efforts to destabilize all <a href="/wiki/Communist" class="mw-redirect" title="Communist">communist</a> <a href="/wiki/Executive_(government)" title="Executive (government)">governments</a>".<a href="#cite_note-312">[303]</a> In 1999, the Dalai Lama said that the CIA Tibetan program had been harmful for Tibet because it was primarily aimed at serving American interests, and "once the <a href="/wiki/Foreign_policy_of_the_United_States" title="Foreign policy of the United States">American policy</a> toward China changed, they stopped their help."<a href="#cite_note-313">[304]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Criticism">Criticism</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=14th_Dalai_Lama&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Criticism">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ties_to_India">Ties to India</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=14th_Dalai_Lama&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Ties to India">edit</a>]</div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Plaque_at_AP_Museum,_Amaravathi.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Plaque_at_AP_Museum%2C_Amaravathi.jpg/250px-Plaque_at_AP_Museum%2C_Amaravathi.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Plaque_at_AP_Museum%2C_Amaravathi.jpg/375px-Plaque_at_AP_Museum%2C_Amaravathi.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Plaque_at_AP_Museum%2C_Amaravathi.jpg/500px-Plaque_at_AP_Museum%2C_Amaravathi.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="2304" /></a><figcaption>Stone plaque at a plantation by Tenzin in Amaravathi</figcaption></figure> The <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Chinese Communist Party">Chinese Communist Party</a> has criticised the 14th Dalai Lama for his close ties with India.<a href="#cite_note-314">[305]</a> In 2008, the Dalai Lama said that <a href="/wiki/Arunachal_Pradesh" title="Arunachal Pradesh">Arunachal Pradesh</a>, partially claimed by China, is part of India, citing the disputed <a href="/wiki/Simla_Accord_(1914)" class="mw-redirect" title="Simla Accord (1914)">1914 Simla Accord</a>.<a href="#cite_note-315">[306]</a> In 2010 at the International Buddhist Conference in <a href="/wiki/Gujarat" title="Gujarat">Gujarat</a>, he described himself as a "son of India" and "Tibetan in appearance, but an Indian in spirituality." The newspaper of the <a href="/wiki/Central_Committee_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party">Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party</a>, <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Daily" title="People's Daily">People's Daily</a>, questioned if the Dalai Lama, by considering himself Indian rather than Chinese, is still entitled to represent Tibetans, alluding to the links between <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Buddhism" title="Chinese Buddhism">Chinese</a> and Tibetan Buddhism and the Dalai Lama siding with India on <a href="/wiki/South_Tibet" class="mw-redirect" title="South Tibet">southern Tibet</a>.<a href="#cite_note-heart2-316">[307]</a> Dhundup Gyalpo, the Dalai Lama's eventual secretary in <a href="/wiki/New_Delhi" title="New Delhi">New Delhi</a>, argued that Tibetan and Chinese peoples have no connections apart from a few culinary dishes and that Chinese Buddhists could also be deemed "Indian in spirituality", because both Tibetan and Chinese Buddhism originated from India.<a href="#cite_note-317">[308]</a><a href="#cite_note-318">[309]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Shugden_controversy">Shugden controversy</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=14th_Dalai_Lama&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Shugden controversy">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Dorje_Shugden_controversy" title="Dorje Shugden controversy">Dorje Shugden controversy</a></div><a href="/wiki/Dorje_Shugden" title="Dorje Shugden">Dorje Shugden</a> is an entity in Tibetan Buddhism that, since the 1930s, has become a point of contention over whether to include or exclude certain non-<a href="/wiki/Gelug" title="Gelug">Gelug</a> teachings. After the 1975 publication of the Yellow Book containing stories about Dorje Shugden acting wrathfully against Gelugpas who also practised <a href="/wiki/Nyingma" title="Nyingma">Nyingma</a>, the 14th Dalai Lama, himself a Gelugpa and advocate of an inclusive approach,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMills2003-319">[310]</a> publicly renounced the practice of Dorje Shugden.<a href="#cite_note-320">[311]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKay200447–49-321">[312]</a> Several groups broke away as a result, notably the <a href="/wiki/New_Kadampa_Tradition" title="New Kadampa Tradition">New Kadampa Tradition</a> (NKT). According to <a href="/wiki/Tibetology" title="Tibetology">Tibetologists</a>, the Dalai Lama's disapproval has reduced the prevalence of Shugden sects among Tibetans in China and India.<a href="#cite_note-Lague-2015-322">[313]</a> Shugden devotees have since complained about being ostracized when trying to get jobs or receive services. The Dalai Lama's supporters expressed that any discrimination is neither systematic nor encouraged by him.<a href="#cite_note-Lague-2015-322">[313]</a> Some Shugden movements such as the NKT have organised demonstrations as a form of protest.<a href="#cite_note-323">[314]</a> One group, the International Shugden Community (ISC), came under scrutiny from <a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a> in 2015. While the journalists found "no independent evidence of direct Chinese financing," they reported that Beijing had "thrown its weight behind Shugden devotees" and the ISC became China's instrument to discredit the Dalai Lama.<a href="#cite_note-Lague-2015-322">[313]</a> The group disbanded in 2016.<a href="#cite_note-324">[315]</a> That same year, the Dalai Lama re-stated his position on Dorje Shugden, saying "I've encouraged people not to do the practice, but I haven't said that no one can do it."<a href="#cite_note-325">[316]</a><a href="#cite_note-TsemPracticeFinally-326">[317]</a> His office said that there was no ban or discrimination against Shugden worshippers.<a href="#cite_note-327">[318]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Comments_on_a_potential_female_Dalai_Lama">Comments on a potential female Dalai Lama</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=14th_Dalai_Lama&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Comments on a potential female Dalai Lama">edit</a>]</div> In 2010, the Dalai Lama told a reporter that the first time someone asked him about the possibility of a female Dalai Lama, he said "if she is an ugly female, she won't be very effective, will she?"<a href="#cite_note-328">[319]</a> In 2015, he once said "more than 50 years ago" in Paris to a women's magazine reporter that a female Dalai Lama would need to have a "very, very attractive" face, as otherwise she would be "not much use".<a href="#cite_note-:0-329">[320]</a><a href="#cite_note-330">[321]</a> When asked about the comment in 2019, he reiterated that a female successor "should be more attractive."<a href="#cite_note-:0-329">[320]</a> In response to the controversy sparked by the interview, his office released a statement to clarify his remarks and put them into context, expressing that the Dalai Lama "is deeply sorry that people have been hurt by what he said and offers his sincere apologies." The statement explains, the original context of the Dalai Lama's referring to the physical appearance of a female successor was a conversation with the then Paris editor of Vogue magazine, who had invited His Holiness in 1992 to guest-edit the next edition. She asked if a future Dalai Lama could be a woman. His Holiness replied, 'Certainly, if that would be more helpful,' adding, as a joke, that she should be attractive.<a href="#cite_note-331">[322]</a> The statement also noted, the Dalai Lama "consistently emphasizes the need for people to connect with each other on a deeper human level, rather than getting caught up in preconceptions based on superficial appearances."<a href="#cite_note-Rodriguez-286">[277]</a><a href="#cite_note-332">[323]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Gedhun_Choekyi_Nyima">Gedhun Choekyi Nyima</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=14th_Dalai_Lama&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Gedhun Choekyi Nyima">edit</a>]</div> In April 2018, the Dalai Lama confirmed Chinese government claims about <a href="/wiki/Gedhun_Choekyi_Nyima" title="Gedhun Choekyi Nyima">Gedhun Choekyi Nyima</a> by saying that he knew from "reliable sources" that the Panchen Lama he had recognised was alive and receiving normal education. He said he hoped that the Chinese-recognised Panchen Lama (<a href="/wiki/Gyaincain_Norbu" title="Gyaincain Norbu">Gyaincain Norbu</a>) studied well under the guidance of a good teacher, adding that there were instances in Tibetan Buddhist tradition, of a reincarnated lama taking more than one manifestation.<a href="#cite_note-333">[324]</a><a href="#cite_note-334">[325]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Controversy_over_young_boy_and_"suck_my_tongue"">Controversy over young boy and "suck my tongue"</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=14th_Dalai_Lama&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Controversy over young boy and "suck my tongue"">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><video id="mwe_player_0" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/VOA_Tibetan_-_Footage_of_Dalai_Lama%27s_controversial_encounter_with_an_Indian_schoolboy_in_2023.webm/220px--VOA_Tibetan_-_Footage_of_Dalai_Lama%27s_controversial_encounter_with_an_Indian_schoolboy_in_2023.webm.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" height="124" data-durationhint="125" data-mwtitle="VOA_Tibetan_-_Footage_of_Dalai_Lama's_controversial_encounter_with_an_Indian_schoolboy_in_2023.webm" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/File:VOA_Tibetan_-_Footage_of_Dalai_Lama%27s_controversial_encounter_with_an_Indian_schoolboy_in_2023.webm"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f7/VOA_Tibetan_-_Footage_of_Dalai_Lama%27s_controversial_encounter_with_an_Indian_schoolboy_in_2023.webm/VOA_Tibetan_-_Footage_of_Dalai_Lama%27s_controversial_encounter_with_an_Indian_schoolboy_in_2023.webm.480p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="480p.vp9.webm" data-width="854" data-height="480" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f7/VOA_Tibetan_-_Footage_of_Dalai_Lama%27s_controversial_encounter_with_an_Indian_schoolboy_in_2023.webm/VOA_Tibetan_-_Footage_of_Dalai_Lama%27s_controversial_encounter_with_an_Indian_schoolboy_in_2023.webm.720p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="720p.vp9.webm" data-width="1280" data-height="720" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f7/VOA_Tibetan_-_Footage_of_Dalai_Lama%27s_controversial_encounter_with_an_Indian_schoolboy_in_2023.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-width="1280" data-height="720" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f7/VOA_Tibetan_-_Footage_of_Dalai_Lama%27s_controversial_encounter_with_an_Indian_schoolboy_in_2023.webm/VOA_Tibetan_-_Footage_of_Dalai_Lama%27s_controversial_encounter_with_an_Indian_schoolboy_in_2023.webm.144p.mjpeg.mov" type="video/quicktime" data-transcodekey="144p.mjpeg.mov" data-width="256" data-height="144" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f7/VOA_Tibetan_-_Footage_of_Dalai_Lama%27s_controversial_encounter_with_an_Indian_schoolboy_in_2023.webm/VOA_Tibetan_-_Footage_of_Dalai_Lama%27s_controversial_encounter_with_an_Indian_schoolboy_in_2023.webm.240p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="426" data-height="240" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f7/VOA_Tibetan_-_Footage_of_Dalai_Lama%27s_controversial_encounter_with_an_Indian_schoolboy_in_2023.webm/VOA_Tibetan_-_Footage_of_Dalai_Lama%27s_controversial_encounter_with_an_Indian_schoolboy_in_2023.webm.360p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="360p.vp9.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f7/VOA_Tibetan_-_Footage_of_Dalai_Lama%27s_controversial_encounter_with_an_Indian_schoolboy_in_2023.webm/VOA_Tibetan_-_Footage_of_Dalai_Lama%27s_controversial_encounter_with_an_Indian_schoolboy_in_2023.webm.360p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360" /></video><figcaption>Footage of Dalai Lama's controversial encounter with an Indian schoolboy in 2023</figcaption></figure> In a February 2023 video, the Dalai Lama was recorded kissing a young boy on the lips and asking the child to suck his tongue.<a href="#cite_note-NPRsucking-335">[326]</a><a href="#cite_note-Ellis-Petersen-2023-336">[327]</a> The meeting took place at his temple in <a href="/wiki/Dharamshala" title="Dharamshala">Dharamshala</a>, India. Nearly 100 students were in attendance, as well as the boy's mother, a trustee of the event's organiser.<a href="#cite_note-337">[328]</a><a href="#cite_note-338">[329]</a> Her son had asked for and received a hug from the Dalai Lama. He then pointed to his own cheek and lips, requesting and receiving two kisses at those locations from the boy, pulling the child's chin closer during the second one.<a href="#cite_note-339">[330]</a><a href="#cite_note-340">[331]</a> He then gestured at and said "suck my tongue," stretching it out and moved closer.<a href="#cite_note-341">[332]</a><a href="#cite_note-342">[333]</a> The boy had been pulling away, and the two ended up pressing their heads together.<a href="#cite_note-343">[334]</a><a href="#cite_note-344">[335]</a> The video resurfaced in April 2023, and the Dalai Lama's conduct was condemned by many who called it "inappropriate," "scandalous" and "disgusting".<a href="#cite_note-Ellis-Petersen-2023-336">[327]</a> His office issued a statement saying that the Dalai Lama often teases "in an innocent and playful way," adding that he wants to apologise to those involved "for the hurt his words may have caused" and "regrets the incident".<a href="#cite_note-345">[336]</a><a href="#cite_note-BBC_News-2023-346">[337]</a> Victim groups and media commentators have raised concerns of "child abuse".<a href="#cite_note-Independent-2023-347">[338]</a> The HAQ Centre for Child Rights in <a href="/wiki/New_Delhi" title="New Delhi">New Delhi</a> said the video was "certainly not about any cultural expression and even if it is, such cultural expressions are not acceptable."<a href="#cite_note-348">[339]</a> Indian journalist Nilanjana Bhowmick said that sticking out one's tongue is different from "asking a minor to suck it." Child rights activist <a href="/wiki/Shola_Mos-Shogbamimu" title="Shola Mos-Shogbamimu">Shola Mos-Shogbamimu</a> said that child molestation should not be normalised under the guise of playful behaviour.<a href="#cite_note-Independent-2023-347">[338]</a><a href="#cite_note-349">[340]</a> Tibetan activists argued that the interaction was an overblown joke, misinterpreted and unfairly attacked.<a href="#cite_note-Pundir-2023b-350">[341]</a><a href="#cite_note-CNN-351">[342]</a> They mentioned that sticking out one's tongue is a form of traditional Tibetan greeting to show respect or agreement, stemming from a tradition of performing the gesture to demonstrate that one is not reincarnated from the malevolent king <a href="/wiki/Langdarma" title="Langdarma">Lang Dharma</a>, who was said to have a black tongue.<a href="#cite_note-352">[343]</a> The practice is not known to involve "sucking," however.<a href="#cite_note-Independent-2023-347">[338]</a> In an interview clip released by <a href="/wiki/Voice_of_Tibet_(Norway)" title="Voice of Tibet (Norway)">Voice of Tibet</a>, the boy said it had been a "good experience" meeting the Dalai Lama, from whom he received a lot of "positive energy".<a href="#cite_note-Pundir-2023a-353">[344]</a> <a href="/wiki/Penpa_Tsering" title="Penpa Tsering">Penpa Tsering</a>, the political leader of the Central Tibetan Administration, called the gesture an "innocent grandfatherly affectionate demeanour" followed by a "jovial prank" with a tongue.<a href="#cite_note-354">[345]</a> He and other Tibetans accused "pro-Chinese sources" of being behind the video.<a href="#cite_note-Pundir-2023b-350">[341]</a><a href="#cite_note-CNN-351">[342]</a><a href="#cite_note-356">[j]</a> <a href="/wiki/Vice_News" title="Vice News">Vice News</a> reported that according to Tibetans, "eat my tongue," roughly translated, is a common expression for teasing children. Kaysang, a Tibetan feminist educator in India, said "suck my tongue" is also a game for elders to "deter kids from pestering them".<a href="#cite_note-Pundir-2023b-350">[341]</a> An international group of Tibetan leaders and activists expressed anguish that attempts to understand Tibetan cultural context have been, in their view, insufficiently covered by the media.<a href="#cite_note-357">[347]</a> Pema Rigzin, president of the Tibetan Cultural Society of Vancouver, added that it is "very normal" in Tibetan culture for grandparents to kiss or chew food for their infants.<a href="#cite_note-CTV_News-2023-358">[348]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Video_of_touching_Lady_Gaga">Video of touching Lady Gaga</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=14th_Dalai_Lama&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Video of touching Lady Gaga">edit</a>]</div> Following the temple child incident in 2023, video footage from 2016 showing the Dalai Lama touching <a href="/wiki/Lady_Gaga" title="Lady Gaga">Lady Gaga</a>'s leg caused further controversy.<a href="#cite_note-359">[349]</a><a href="#cite_note-360">[350]</a> The event occurred during a compassion conference in <a href="/wiki/Indiana" title="Indiana">Indiana</a> about individuals experiencing physical and psychological difficulties and how to support them.<a href="#cite_note-:1-361">[351]</a> In the video, the religious leader is seen hardly paying any attention to the speaker. He looked down at Lady Gaga's leg, where the skin is exposed from her torn trousers, and touched it with his fingers. Lady Gaga looked back at the Dalai Lama, shook her head, and smiled awkwardly.<a href="#cite_note-362">[352]</a> When he attempted the same action on her other leg, she grabbed his hand and stopped him from following through.<a href="#cite_note-363">[353]</a><a href="#cite_note-364">[354]</a> Following the resurfaced Lady Gaga incident, another video was posted on Spanish-language social media (notably <a href="/wiki/X_(Twitter)" class="mw-redirect" title="X (Twitter)">X</a>) showing him stroking a disabled girl's arm at an unknown event, drawing further criticism.<a href="#cite_note-365">[355]</a><a href="#cite_note-:1-361">[351]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Public_image">Public image</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=14th_Dalai_Lama&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Public image">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:President_Barack_Obama_greets_His_Holiness_the_Dalai_Lama_(27591124962).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/President_Barack_Obama_greets_His_Holiness_the_Dalai_Lama_%2827591124962%29.jpg/220px-President_Barack_Obama_greets_His_Holiness_the_Dalai_Lama_%2827591124962%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/President_Barack_Obama_greets_His_Holiness_the_Dalai_Lama_%2827591124962%29.jpg/330px-President_Barack_Obama_greets_His_Holiness_the_Dalai_Lama_%2827591124962%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/President_Barack_Obama_greets_His_Holiness_the_Dalai_Lama_%2827591124962%29.jpg/440px-President_Barack_Obama_greets_His_Holiness_the_Dalai_Lama_%2827591124962%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3500" data-file-height="2333" /></a><figcaption>The Dalai Lama meeting with U.S. President <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a> in 2016</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:77letDalajLamy3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/77letDalajLamy3.jpg/220px-77letDalajLamy3.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/77letDalajLamy3.jpg/330px-77letDalajLamy3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/77letDalajLamy3.jpg/440px-77letDalajLamy3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>Buddhist temple in <a href="/wiki/Kalmykia" title="Kalmykia">Kalmykia</a>, Russia</figcaption></figure> The Dalai Lama places highly in global surveys of the world's most admired men, ranking with <a href="/wiki/Pope_Francis" title="Pope Francis">Pope Francis</a> as among the world's religious leaders cited as the most admired.<a href="#cite_note-366">[356]</a><a href="#cite_note-367">[357]</a> The Dalai Lama's appeal is variously ascribed to his charismatic personality, international fascination with Buddhism, his <a href="/wiki/Universalist" class="mw-redirect" title="Universalist">universalist</a> values, and international sympathy for the Tibetans.<a href="#cite_note-368">[358]</a> In the 1990s, many films were released by the <a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_the_United_States" title="Cinema of the United States">American film industry</a> about Tibet, including <a href="/wiki/Biopics" class="mw-redirect" title="Biopics">biopics</a> of the Dalai Lama. This is attributed to both the Dalai Lama's 1989 Nobel Peace Prize as well as to the euphoria following the <a href="/wiki/Fall_of_Communism" class="mw-redirect" title="Fall of Communism">Fall of Communism</a>. The most notable films, <a href="/wiki/Kundun" title="Kundun">Kundun</a> and <a href="/wiki/Seven_Years_in_Tibet_(1997_film)" title="Seven Years in Tibet (1997 film)">Seven Years in Tibet</a> (both released in 1997), portrayed "an idyllic pre-1950 Tibet, with a smiling, soft-spoken Dalai Lama at the helm—a Dalai Lama sworn to <a href="/wiki/Non-violence" class="mw-redirect" title="Non-violence">non-violence</a>": portrayals the Chinese government decried as ahistorical.<a href="#cite_note-369">[359]</a> The Dalai Lama has his own pages on <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a>,<a href="#cite_note-370">[360]</a> <a href="/wiki/Facebook" title="Facebook">Facebook</a>,<a href="#cite_note-371">[361]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Instagram" title="Instagram">Instagram</a>.<a href="#cite_note-372">[362]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dalai_Lama_and_Bishop_Tutu._Carey_Linde.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Dalai_Lama_and_Bishop_Tutu._Carey_Linde.jpg/220px-Dalai_Lama_and_Bishop_Tutu._Carey_Linde.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Dalai_Lama_and_Bishop_Tutu._Carey_Linde.jpg/330px-Dalai_Lama_and_Bishop_Tutu._Carey_Linde.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Dalai_Lama_and_Bishop_Tutu._Carey_Linde.jpg/440px-Dalai_Lama_and_Bishop_Tutu._Carey_Linde.jpg 2x" data-file-width="555" data-file-height="321" /></a><figcaption>The Dalai Lama with Bishop <a href="/wiki/Desmond_Tutu" title="Desmond Tutu">Desmond Tutu</a> in 2004</figcaption></figure> The Dalai Lama has tried to mobilise international support for Tibetan activities.<a href="#cite_note-373">[363]</a> The Dalai Lama has been successful in gaining Western support for himself and the cause of greater Tibetan autonomy, including vocal support from numerous <a href="/wiki/Hollywood_(film_industry)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hollywood (film industry)">Hollywood</a> celebrities, most notably the actors <a href="/wiki/Richard_Gere" title="Richard Gere">Richard Gere</a> and <a href="/wiki/Steven_Seagal" title="Steven Seagal">Steven Seagal</a>, as well as lawmakers from several major countries.<a href="#cite_note-374">[364]</a> Photos of the Dalai Lama were banned after <a href="/wiki/1959_Tibetan_uprising" title="1959 Tibetan uprising">March 1959 Lhasa protests</a> until after the end of the <a href="/wiki/Cultural_Revolution" title="Cultural Revolution">Cultural Revolution</a> in 1976. In 1996 the Chinese Communist Party once again reinstated the total prohibition of any photo of the 14th Dalai Lama. According to the Tibet Information Network, "authorities in Tibet have begun banning photographs of the exiled Dalai Lama in monasteries and public places, according to reports from a monitoring group and a Tibetan newspaper. Plainclothes police went to hotels and restaurants in Lhasa, the Tibetan capital, on 22 and 23 April and ordered Tibetans to remove pictures of the Dalai Lama ..."<a href="#cite_note-375">[365]</a> The ban continues in many locations throughout Tibet today. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="In_the_media">In the media</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=14th_Dalai_Lama&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: In the media">edit</a>]</div> The 14th Dalai Lama has appeared in several non-fiction films including: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/10_Questions_for_the_Dalai_Lama" title="10 Questions for the Dalai Lama">10 Questions for the Dalai Lama</a> (2006, documentary)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dalai_Lama_Renaissance" title="Dalai Lama Renaissance">Dalai Lama Renaissance</a> (2007, documentary)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Sun_Behind_the_Clouds" title="The Sun Behind the Clouds">The Sun Behind the Clouds</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bringing_Tibet_Home" title="Bringing Tibet Home">Bringing Tibet Home</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monk_with_a_Camera" title="Monk with a Camera">Monk with a Camera</a> (2014, documentary)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dalai_Lama_Awakening" title="Dalai Lama Awakening">Dalai Lama Awakening</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compassion_in_Action" title="Compassion in Action">Compassion in Action</a> (2014)</li></ul> He has been depicted as a character in various other movies and television programs including: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kundun" title="Kundun">Kundun</a>, 1997 film directed by <a href="/wiki/Martin_Scorsese" title="Martin Scorsese">Martin Scorsese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seven_Years_in_Tibet_(1997_film)" title="Seven Years in Tibet (1997 film)">Seven Years in Tibet</a>, 1997 film starring <a href="/wiki/Brad_Pitt" title="Brad Pitt">Brad Pitt</a> and <a href="/wiki/David_Thewlis" title="David Thewlis">David Thewlis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klovn" title="Klovn">Klovn</a> "Dalai Lama" Season 1, Episode 4 (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Dwarf" title="Red Dwarf">Red Dwarf</a> episode <a href="/wiki/Meltdown_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Meltdown (Red Dwarf)">"Meltdown"</a> (1991)<a href="#cite_note-376">[366]</a></li> <li>Song of Tibet, 2000 film directed by <a href="/wiki/Xie_Fei_(director)" title="Xie Fei (director)">Xie Fei</a>.</li> <li>The Great Escape "14th Dalai Lama" (2018) on <a href="/wiki/Epic_(TV_channel)" class="mw-redirect" title="Epic (TV channel)">Epic</a></li> <li>"Dalai Lama," episode of the Indian television series Mega Icons (2019–20) on <a href="/wiki/National_Geographic_India" class="mw-redirect" title="National Geographic India">National Geographic</a>.<a href="#cite_note-377">[367]</a></li></ul> The Dalai Lama was featured on 5 March 2017, episode of the <a href="/wiki/HBO" title="HBO">HBO</a> <a href="/wiki/Late-night_talk_show" title="Late-night talk show">late-night talk show</a> <a href="/wiki/Last_Week_Tonight_with_John_Oliver" title="Last Week Tonight with John Oliver">Last Week Tonight</a>, in which host <a href="/wiki/John_Oliver" title="John Oliver">John Oliver</a> conducted a comedic interview with the Dalai Lama, focusing on the topics of Tibetan sovereignty, <a href="/wiki/Self-immolation_protests_by_Tibetans_in_China" title="Self-immolation protests by Tibetans in China">Tibetan self-immolations</a>, and his succession plans.<a href="#cite_note-378">[368]</a>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Writing_better_articles#Stay_on_topic" title="Wikipedia:Writing better articles">relevant?</a>] A biographical <a href="/wiki/Graphic_novel" title="Graphic novel">graphic novel</a>, Man of Peace, also envisaging the Dalai Lama's return to Tibet, was published by <a href="/wiki/Tibet_House_US" title="Tibet House US">Tibet House US</a>.<a href="#cite_note-379">[369]</a><a href="#cite_note-380">[370]</a> The Extraordinary Life of His Holiness the Fourteenth Dalai Lama: An Illuminated Journey, illustrations and text by artist Rima Fujita, narrated by the Dalai Lama, was published by Simon and Schuster in 2021.<a href="#cite_note-381">[371]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Awards_and_honours">Awards and honours</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=14th_Dalai_Lama&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Awards and honours">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dalai_Lama_Congressional_Medal.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Dalai_Lama_Congressional_Medal.jpg/220px-Dalai_Lama_Congressional_Medal.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="108" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Dalai_Lama_Congressional_Medal.jpg/330px-Dalai_Lama_Congressional_Medal.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ee/Dalai_Lama_Congressional_Medal.jpg 2x" data-file-width="378" data-file-height="186" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Congressional_Gold_Medal" title="Congressional Gold Medal">Congressional Gold Medal</a> was awarded to Tenzin Gyatso in 2007.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bush,_Byrd_and_Pelosi_awarding_the_Dalai_Lama.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Bush%2C_Byrd_and_Pelosi_awarding_the_Dalai_Lama.jpg/220px-Bush%2C_Byrd_and_Pelosi_awarding_the_Dalai_Lama.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Bush%2C_Byrd_and_Pelosi_awarding_the_Dalai_Lama.jpg/330px-Bush%2C_Byrd_and_Pelosi_awarding_the_Dalai_Lama.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Bush%2C_Byrd_and_Pelosi_awarding_the_Dalai_Lama.jpg/440px-Bush%2C_Byrd_and_Pelosi_awarding_the_Dalai_Lama.jpg 2x" data-file-width="514" data-file-height="343" /></a><figcaption>The Dalai Lama receiving a <a href="/wiki/Congressional_Gold_Medal" title="Congressional Gold Medal">Congressional Gold Medal</a> in 2007. From left: Speaker of the United States House of Representatives <a href="/wiki/Nancy_Pelosi" title="Nancy Pelosi">Nancy Pelosi</a>, Senate President pro tempore <a href="/wiki/Robert_Byrd" title="Robert Byrd">Robert Byrd</a> and U.S. President <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a></figcaption></figure> The Dalai Lama has received numerous awards and honours worldwide over his spiritual and political career.<a href="#cite_note-382">[372]</a><a href="#cite_note-383">[373]</a><a href="#cite_note-384">[374]</a> For a more complete list see <a href="/wiki/Awards_and_honours_presented_to_the_14th_Dalai_Lama" class="mw-redirect" title="Awards and honours presented to the 14th Dalai Lama">Awards and honours presented to the 14th Dalai Lama</a>. After the <a href="/wiki/1989_Tiananmen_Square_protests_and_massacre" title="1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre">1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Norwegian_Nobel_Committee" title="Norwegian Nobel Committee">Norwegian Nobel Committee</a> awarded him the 1989 Nobel Peace Prize.<a href="#cite_note-Cherian-385">[375]</a> The Committee officially gave the prize to the Dalai Lama for "the struggle of the liberation of Tibet and the efforts for a peaceful resolution"<a href="#cite_note-386">[376]</a> and "in part a tribute to the memory of <a href="/wiki/Mahatma_Gandhi" title="Mahatma Gandhi">Mahatma Gandhi</a>".<a href="#cite_note-387">[377]</a> He has also been awarded the: <ul><li>1959 <a href="/wiki/Ramon_Magsaysay_Award" title="Ramon Magsaysay Award">Ramon Magsaysay Award</a> for Community Leadership;<a href="#cite_note-388">[378]</a></li> <li>1994 <a href="/wiki/Four_Freedoms_Award#Freedom_Medal" title="Four Freedoms Award">Freedom Medal</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Roosevelt_Institute" title="Roosevelt Institute">Roosevelt Institute</a>;<a href="#cite_note-389">[379]</a></li> <li>1994 <a href="/wiki/Wallenberg_Medal" title="Wallenberg Medal">Wallenberg Medal</a> from the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Michigan" title="University of Michigan">University of Michigan</a>; <a href="#cite_note-390">[380]</a></li> <li>2005 <a href="/wiki/Christmas_Humphreys" title="Christmas Humphreys">Christmas Humphreys</a> Award from the <a href="/wiki/Buddhist_Society" title="Buddhist Society">Buddhist Society</a> in the United Kingdom;</li> <li>2007 <a href="/wiki/Congressional_Gold_Medal" title="Congressional Gold Medal">Congressional Gold Medal</a>, the highest civilian award bestowed by the American Congress and President.<a href="#cite_note-391">[381]</a> The Chinese government declared this would have "an extremely serious impact" on relations with the United States;<a href="#cite_note-392">[382]</a></li> <li>2006 <a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B0" class="extiw" title="ru:Орден Белого лотоса">Order of the White Lotus</a> by the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Kalmykia" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of Kalmykia">Republic of Kalmykia</a> for outstanding services and significant contribution to the spiritual revival and prosperity of the republic.<a href="#cite_note-savetibet.ru-2021-393">[383]</a></li> <li>2007 <a href="/wiki/Ahimsa_Award" title="Ahimsa Award">Ahimsa Award</a> from the Institute of Jainology in recognition of individuals who embody and promote the principles of <a href="/wiki/Ahimsa" title="Ahimsa">Ahimsa (Non-violence)</a>; and in</li> <li>2012, <a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%A2%D1%8B%D0%B2%D0%B0" class="extiw" title="ru:Орден Республики Тыва">Order of the Republic of Tuva</a> by the <a href="/wiki/Tuvan_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Tuvan Republic">Tuvan Republic</a> in recognition of the contribution to the upbringing of high spiritual and cultural tolerance, strengthening interreligious and interethnic harmony.<a href="#cite_note-savetibet.ru-2021-393">[383]</a></li> <li>2012, the <a href="/wiki/Templeton_Prize" title="Templeton Prize">Templeton Prize</a>.<a href="#cite_note-394">[384]</a> He donated the prize money to the charity <a href="/wiki/Save_the_Children" title="Save the Children">Save the Children</a>.<a href="#cite_note-395">[385]</a></li></ul> In 2006, he became one of only six people ever to be granted <a href="/wiki/Honorary_Citizenship_of_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="Honorary Citizenship of Canada">Honorary Citizenship of Canada</a>. In 2007 he was named Presidential <a href="/wiki/Distinguished_Professor" class="mw-redirect" title="Distinguished Professor">Distinguished Professor</a> at <a href="/wiki/Emory_University" title="Emory University">Emory University</a> in <a href="/wiki/Atlanta,_Georgia" class="mw-redirect" title="Atlanta, Georgia">Atlanta, Georgia</a>, the first time he accepted a university appointment.<a href="#cite_note-emory-396">[386]</a> He is the chief Patron of the <a href="/wiki/Maha_Bodhi_Society" title="Maha Bodhi Society">Maha Bodhi Society</a> of India, conferred upon him at the 2008 Annual General Meeting of the Maha Bodhi Society of India.<a href="#cite_note-397">[387]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Publications">Publications</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=14th_Dalai_Lama&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Publications">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 50em;"> <ul><li>My Land and My People: The Autobiography of His Holiness the Dalai Lama. Ed. <a href="/wiki/David_Armine_Howarth" class="mw-redirect" title="David Armine Howarth">David Howarth</a>. Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1962. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0446674218" title="Special:BookSources/978-0446674218">978-0446674218</a></li> <li>Deity Yoga: In Action and Performance Tantras. Ed. and trans. <a href="/wiki/Jeffrey_Hopkins" title="Jeffrey Hopkins">Jeffrey Hopkins</a>. <a href="/wiki/Shambhala_Publications" title="Shambhala Publications">Snow Lion</a>, 1987. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-93793-850-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-93793-850-8">978-0-93793-850-8</a></li> <li>Tantra in Tibet. Co-authored with Tsong-kha-pa, <a href="/wiki/Jeffrey_Hopkins" title="Jeffrey Hopkins">Jeffrey Hopkins</a>. <a href="/wiki/Shambhala_Publications" title="Shambhala Publications">Snow Lion</a>, 1987. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-93793-849-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-93793-849-2">978-0-93793-849-2</a></li> <li>The Dalai Lama at Harvard. Ed. and trans. <a href="/wiki/Jeffrey_Hopkins" title="Jeffrey Hopkins">Jeffrey Hopkins</a>. <a href="/wiki/Snow_Lion_Publications" class="mw-redirect" title="Snow Lion Publications">Snow Lion</a>, 1988. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-93793-871-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-93793-871-3">978-0-93793-871-3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_in_Exile" title="Freedom in Exile">Freedom in Exile</a>: The Autobiography of the Dalai Lama, London: <a href="/wiki/Little,_Brown_and_Co." class="mw-redirect" title="Little, Brown and Co.">Little, Brown and Co.</a>, 1990, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-349-10462-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-349-10462-1">978-0-349-10462-1</a></li> <li>My Tibet, co-authored with photographer <a href="/wiki/Galen_Rowell" title="Galen Rowell">Galen Rowell</a>, 1990, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-520-08948-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-520-08948-8">978-0-520-08948-8</a></li> <li>The Path to Enlightenment. Ed. and trans. <a href="/wiki/Glenn_H._Mullin" title="Glenn H. Mullin">Glenn H. Mullin</a>. <a href="/wiki/Snow_Lion_Publications" class="mw-redirect" title="Snow Lion Publications">Snow Lion</a>, 1994. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-55939-032-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-55939-032-3">978-1-55939-032-3</a></li> <li>Essential Teachings, <a href="/wiki/North_Atlantic_Books" title="North Atlantic Books">North Atlantic Books</a>, 1995, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1556431929" title="Special:BookSources/1556431929">1556431929</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_World_of_Tibetan_Buddhism" title="The World of Tibetan Buddhism">The World of Tibetan Buddhism</a>, translated by <a href="/wiki/Geshe_Thupten_Jinpa" class="mw-redirect" title="Geshe Thupten Jinpa">Geshe Thupten Jinpa</a>, foreword by <a href="/wiki/Richard_Gere" title="Richard Gere">Richard Gere</a>, Wisdom Publications, 1995, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-86171-100-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-86171-100-9">0-86171-100-9</a></li> <li>Tibetan Portrait: The Power of Compassion, photographs by <a href="/wiki/Phil_Borges" title="Phil Borges">Phil Borges</a> with sayings by Tenzin Gyatso, 1996, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8478-1957-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8478-1957-7">978-0-8478-1957-7</a></li> <li>Healing Anger: The Power of Patience from a Buddhist Perspective. Trans. <a href="/wiki/Thupten_Jinpa" title="Thupten Jinpa">Thupten Jinpa</a>. Ithaca, NY: <a href="/wiki/Shambhala_Publications" title="Shambhala Publications">Snow Lion</a>, 1997, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-55939-073-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-55939-073-6">978-1-55939-073-6</a></li> <li>The Gelug/Kagyü Tradition of <a href="/wiki/Mahamudra" title="Mahamudra">Mahamudra</a>, co-authored with Alexander Berzin. Ithaca, NY: <a href="/wiki/Snow_Lion_Publications" class="mw-redirect" title="Snow Lion Publications">Snow Lion Publications</a>, 1997, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-55939-072-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-55939-072-9">978-1-55939-072-9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Art_of_Happiness" title="The Art of Happiness">The Art of Happiness</a>, co-authored with <a href="/wiki/Howard_C._Cutler" title="Howard C. Cutler">Howard C. Cutler</a>, M.D., <a href="/wiki/Riverhead_Books" title="Riverhead Books">Riverhead Books</a>, 1998, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-9656682-9-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-9656682-9-3">978-0-9656682-9-3</a></li> <li>The Good Heart: A Buddhist Perspective on the Teachings of Jesus, translated by Geshe Thupten Jinpa, Wisdom Publications, 1998, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-86171-138-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-86171-138-3">978-0-86171-138-3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalachakra" title="Kalachakra">Kalachakra</a> Tantra: Rite of Initiation, edited by Jeffrey Hopkins, Wisdom Publications, 1999, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-86171-151-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-86171-151-2">978-0-86171-151-2</a></li> <li>MindScience: An East–West Dialogue, with contributions by <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Benson" title="Herbert Benson">Herbert Benson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Goleman" title="Daniel Goleman">Daniel Goleman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Robert_Thurman" title="Robert Thurman">Robert Thurman</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Howard_Gardner" title="Howard Gardner">Howard Gardner</a>, Wisdom Publications, 1999, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-86171-066-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-86171-066-9">978-0-86171-066-9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Power_of_Buddhism" title="The Power of Buddhism">The Power of Buddhism</a>, co-authored with <a href="/wiki/Jean-Claude_Carri%C3%A8re" title="Jean-Claude Carrière">Jean-Claude Carrière</a>, 1999, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7171-2803-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7171-2803-7">978-0-7171-2803-7</a></li> <li>Opening the Eye of New Awareness, Translated by Donald S. Lopez Jr., Wisdom Publications, 1999, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-86171-155-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-86171-155-0">978-0-86171-155-0</a></li> <li>Ethics for the New Millennium, Riverhead Books, 1999, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-57322-883-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-57322-883-1">978-1-57322-883-1</a></li> <li>Consciousness at the Crossroads. Ed. Zara Houshmand, Robert B. Livingston, B. Alan Wallace. Trans. Thupten Jinpa, B. Alan Wallace. <a href="/wiki/Shambhala_Publications" title="Shambhala Publications">Snow Lion</a>, 1999. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-55939-127-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-55939-127-6">978-1-55939-127-6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Wisdom,_Modern_World" title="Ancient Wisdom, Modern World">Ancient Wisdom, Modern World</a>: Ethics for the New Millennium, Little, Brown/Abacus Press, 2000, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-349-11443-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-349-11443-9">978-0-349-11443-9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dzogchen" title="Dzogchen">Dzogchen</a>: Heart Essence of the Great Perfection, translated by Geshe Thupten Jinpa and Richard Barron, Snow Lion Publications, 2000, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-55939-219-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-55939-219-8">978-1-55939-219-8</a></li> <li>The Meaning of Life: Buddhist Perspectives on Cause and Effect, translated by <a href="/wiki/Jeffrey_Hopkins_(Tibetologist)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jeffrey Hopkins (Tibetologist)">Jeffrey Hopkins</a>, Wisdom Publications, 2000, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-86171-173-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-86171-173-4">978-0-86171-173-4</a></li> <li>Answers: Discussions with Western Buddhists. Ed. and trans. Jose Cabezon. <a href="/wiki/Snow_Lion_Publications" class="mw-redirect" title="Snow Lion Publications">Snow Lion</a>, 2001. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-55939-162-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-55939-162-7">978-1-55939-162-7</a></li> <li>The Compassionate Life, Wisdom Publications, 2001, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-86171-378-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-86171-378-3">978-0-86171-378-3</a></li> <li>Violence and Compassion: Dialogues on Life Today, with Jean-Claude Carriere, Doubleday, 2001, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-385-50144-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-385-50144-6">978-0-385-50144-6</a></li> <li>Imagine All the People: A Conversation with the Dalai Lama on Money, Politics, and Life as it Could Be, Coauthored with Fabien Ouaki, Wisdom Publications, 2001, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-86171-150-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-86171-150-5">978-0-86171-150-5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/An_Open_Heart_(book)" title="An Open Heart (book)">An Open Heart</a>, edited by Nicholas Vreeland; Little, Brown; 2001, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-316-98979-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-316-98979-4">978-0-316-98979-4</a></li> <li>The Heart of Compassion: A Practical Approach to a Meaningful Life, Twin Lakes, Wisconsin: Lotus Press, 2002, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-940985-36-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-940985-36-0">978-0-940985-36-0</a></li> <li>Sleeping, Dreaming, and Dying, edited by <a href="/wiki/Francisco_Varela" title="Francisco Varela">Francisco Varela</a>, Wisdom Publications, 2002, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-86171-123-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-86171-123-9">978-0-86171-123-9</a></li> <li>Essence of the <a href="/wiki/Heart_Sutra" title="Heart Sutra">Heart Sutra</a>: The Dalai Lama's Heart of Wisdom Teachings, edited by Geshe Thupten Jinpa, Wisdom Publications, 2002, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-86171-284-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-86171-284-7">978-0-86171-284-7</a></li> <li>The Pocket Dalai Lama. Ed. <a href="/wiki/Mary_Craig_(writer)" title="Mary Craig (writer)">Mary Craig</a>. <a href="/wiki/Shambhala_Publications" title="Shambhala Publications">Shambhala Pocket Classics</a>, 2002. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-59030-001-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-59030-001-5">978-1-59030-001-5</a></li> <li>The Buddhism of Tibet. Ed. and trans. Jeffrey Hopkins, Anne C. Klein. <a href="/wiki/Shambhala_Publications" title="Shambhala Publications">Snow Lion</a>, 2002. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-55939-185-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-55939-185-6">978-1-55939-185-6</a></li> <li>The Art of Happiness at Work, co-authored with <a href="/wiki/Howard_C._Cutler" title="Howard C. Cutler">Howard C. Cutler</a>, M.D., Riverhead, 2003, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-59448-054-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-59448-054-6">978-1-59448-054-6</a></li> <li>Stages of Meditation (commentary on the <a href="/wiki/Bh%C4%81van%C4%81krama" title="Bhāvanākrama">Bhāvanākrama</a>). Trans. Ven. <a href="/wiki/Geshe_Lhakdor" title="Geshe Lhakdor">Geshe Lobsang Jordhen</a>, Losang Choephel Ganchenpa, Jeremy Russell. <a href="/wiki/Shambhala_Publications" title="Shambhala Publications">Snow Lion</a>, 2003. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-55939-197-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-55939-197-9">978-1-55939-197-9</a></li> <li>Der Weg des Herzens. Gewaltlosigkeit und Dialog zwischen den Religionen (The Path of the Heart: Non-violence and the Dialogue among Religions), co-authored with <a href="/wiki/Eugen_Drewermann" title="Eugen Drewermann">Eugen Drewermann</a>, PhD, Patmos Verlag, 2003, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-491-69078-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-491-69078-3">978-3-491-69078-3</a></li> <li>The Path to Bliss. Ed. and trans. Thupten Jinpa, Christine Cox. <a href="/wiki/Shambhala_Publications" title="Shambhala Publications">Snow Lion</a>, 2003. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-55939-190-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-55939-190-0">978-1-55939-190-0</a></li> <li>How to Practice: The Way to a Meaningful Life, translated and edited by Jeffrey Hopkins, 2003, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7434-5336-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7434-5336-3">978-0-7434-5336-3</a></li> <li>The Wisdom of Forgiveness: Intimate Conversations and Journeys, coauthored with <a href="/wiki/Victor_Chan" title="Victor Chan">Victor Chan</a>, Riverbed Books, 2004, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-57322-277-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-57322-277-8">978-1-57322-277-8</a></li> <li>The New Physics and Cosmology: Dialogues with the Dalai Lama, edited by Arthur Zajonc, with contributions by <a href="/wiki/David_Finkelstein" title="David Finkelstein">David Finkelstein</a>, George Greenstein, Piet Hut, <a href="/wiki/Tu_Wei-ming" class="mw-redirect" title="Tu Wei-ming">Tu Wei-ming</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anton_Zeilinger" title="Anton Zeilinger">Anton Zeilinger</a>, <a href="/wiki/B._Alan_Wallace" title="B. Alan Wallace">B. Alan Wallace</a> and Thupten Jinpa, <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>, 2004, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-515994-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-515994-3">978-0-19-515994-3</a></li> <li>Dzogchen: The Heart Essence of the Great Perfection. Ed. <a href="/wiki/Patrick_Gaffney_(Buddhist)" title="Patrick Gaffney (Buddhist)">Patrick Gaffney</a>. Trans. <a href="/wiki/Thupten_Jinpa" title="Thupten Jinpa">Thupten Jinpa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Barron" title="Richard Barron">Richard Barron</a> (Chokyi Nyima). <a href="/wiki/Shambhala_Publications" title="Shambhala Publications">Snow Lion</a>, 2004. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-55939-219-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-55939-219-8">978-1-55939-219-8</a></li> <li>Practicing Wisdom: The Perfection of <a href="/wiki/Shantideva" title="Shantideva">Shantideva</a>'s Bodhisattva Way, translated by Geshe Thupten Jinpa, Wisdom Publications, 2004, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-86171-182-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-86171-182-6">978-0-86171-182-6</a></li> <li>Lighting the Way. <a href="/wiki/Shambhala_Publications" title="Shambhala Publications">Snow Lion</a>, 2005. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-55939-228-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-55939-228-0">978-1-55939-228-0</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Universe_in_a_Single_Atom" title="The Universe in a Single Atom">The Universe in a Single Atom</a>: The Convergence of Science and Spirituality, Morgan Road Books, 2005, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7679-2066-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7679-2066-7">978-0-7679-2066-7</a></li> <li>How to Expand Love: Widening the Circle of Loving Relationships, translated and edited by Jeffrey Hopkins, Atria Books, 2005, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7432-6968-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7432-6968-1">978-0-7432-6968-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Tibetan_Book_of_the_Dead" class="mw-redirect" title="The Tibetan Book of the Dead">The Tibetan Book of the Dead</a>, translated and edited by Gyurnme Dorje, Graham Coleman, and Thupten Jinpa, introductory commentary by the 14th Dalai Lama, <a href="/wiki/Viking_Press" title="Viking Press">Viking Press</a>, 2005, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-670-85886-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-670-85886-2">0-670-85886-2</a></li> <li>Living Wisdom with His Holiness the Dalai Lama, with Don Farber, <a href="/wiki/Sounds_True" title="Sounds True">Sounds True</a>, 2006, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-59179-457-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-59179-457-8">978-1-59179-457-8</a></li> <li>Mind in Comfort and Ease: The Vision of Enlightenment in the Great Perfection. Ed. <a href="/wiki/Patrick_Gaffney_(Buddhist)" title="Patrick Gaffney (Buddhist)">Patrick Gaffney</a>. Trans. <a href="/wiki/Matthieu_Ricard" title="Matthieu Ricard">Matthieu Ricard</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Barron" title="Richard Barron">Richard Barron</a> and Adam Pearcey. <a href="/wiki/Wisdom_Publications" class="mw-redirect" title="Wisdom Publications">Wisdom Publications</a>, 2007, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-86171-493-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-86171-493-3">978-0-86171-493-3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/How_to_See_Yourself_as_You_Really_Are" title="How to See Yourself as You Really Are">How to See Yourself as You Really Are</a>, translated and edited by Jeffrey Hopkins, 2007, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7432-9045-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7432-9045-6">978-0-7432-9045-6</a></li> <li>The Leader's Way, co-authored with Laurens van den Muyzenberg, Nicholas Brealey Publishing, 2008, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-85788-511-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-85788-511-8">978-1-85788-511-8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/My_Spiritual_Autobiography" title="My Spiritual Autobiography">My Spiritual Autobiography</a> compiled by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sofia_Stril-Rever&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sofia Stril-Rever (page does not exist)">Sofia Stril-Rever</a> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sofia_Stril-Rever" class="extiw" title="fr:Sofia Stril-Rever">Fr</a>] from speeches and interviews of the 14th Dalai Lama, 2009, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781846042423" title="Special:BookSources/9781846042423">9781846042423</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beyond_Religion:_Ethics_for_a_Whole_World" title="Beyond Religion: Ethics for a Whole World">Beyond Religion: Ethics for a Whole World</a>, Mariner Books, 2012, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/054784428X" title="Special:BookSources/054784428X">054784428X</a></li> <li>The Wisdom of Compassion: Stories of Remarkable Encounters and Timeless Insights, coauthored with Victor Chan, Riverhead Books, 2012, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-55216923-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-55216923-3">978-0-55216923-3</a></li> <li>My Appeal to the World, presented by Sofia Stril-Rever, translated from the French by Sebastian Houssiaux, Tibet House US, 2015, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-9670115-6-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-9670115-6-1">978-0-9670115-6-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Book_of_Joy" title="The Book of Joy">The Book of Joy</a>: Lasting Happiness in a Changing World, coauthored by <a href="/wiki/Archbishop_Desmond_Tutu" class="mw-redirect" title="Archbishop Desmond Tutu">Archbishop Desmond Tutu</a>, 2016, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-67007-016-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-67007-016-9">978-0-67007-016-9</a></li> <li>Behind the Smile: The Hidden Side of the Dalai Lama, by Maxime Vivas (author), translated from the French book Not So Zen, Long River Press 2013, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1592651405" title="Special:BookSources/978-1592651405">978-1592651405</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Discography">Discography</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=14th_Dalai_Lama&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Discography">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Studio_albums">Studio albums</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=14th_Dalai_Lama&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: Studio albums">edit</a>]</div> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;"> <caption> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2">Title </th> <th rowspan="2">Album details </th> <th colspan="3">Peak chart positions </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;"><a href="/wiki/GfK_Entertainment_charts" title="GfK Entertainment charts">GER</a> <a href="#cite_note-398">[388]</a> </th> <th scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;"><a href="/wiki/Swiss_Hitparade" title="Swiss Hitparade">SWI</a> <a href="#cite_note-399">[389]</a> </th> <th scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;"><a href="/wiki/World_Albums" class="mw-redirect" title="World Albums">US World</a> <a href="#cite_note-400">[390]</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Inner_World" title="Inner World">Inner World</a> </th> <td> <ul><li>Released: 6 July 2020</li> <li>Label: Khandro</li> <li>Format: LP, digital download, streaming</li></ul> </td> <td>88 </td> <td>18 </td> <td>8 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Singles">Singles</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=14th_Dalai_Lama&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: Singles">edit</a>]</div> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;"> <caption> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Title </th> <th>Year </th> <th>Album </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">"Compassion"<a href="#cite_note-401">[391]</a> </th> <td>2020 </td> <td>Inner World </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=14th_Dalai_Lama&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1259569809">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/48px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/64px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /><a href="/wiki/Portal:China" title="Portal:China">China portal</a></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/32px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/48px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/64px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /><a href="/wiki/Portal:India" title="Portal:India">India portal</a></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><a href="/wiki/File:Asia_(orthographic_projection).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/28px-Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/42px-Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/56px-Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="541" data-file-height="541" /></a><a href="/wiki/Portal:Asia" title="Portal:Asia">Asia portal</a></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/28px-P_vip.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/41px-P_vip.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/55px-P_vip.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1911" data-file-height="1944" /><a href="/wiki/Portal:Biography" title="Portal:Biography">Biography portal</a></li></ul> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Urn" title="Golden Urn">Golden Urn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Discourse_of_Lama" title="The Discourse of Lama">The Discourse of Lama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Awards_and_honours_presented_to_the_14th_Dalai_Lama" class="mw-redirect" title="Awards and honours presented to the 14th Dalai Lama">Awards and honours presented to the 14th Dalai Lama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_organisations_of_Tibetans_in_exile" class="mw-redirect" title="List of organisations of Tibetans in exile">List of organisations of Tibetans in exile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_intelligence_activity_abroad#Modes_of_operation" title="Chinese intelligence activity abroad">Chinese intelligence activity abroad#Modes of operation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dalai_Lama_Center_for_Peace_and_Education" title="Dalai Lama Center for Peace and Education">Dalai Lama Center for Peace and Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foundation_for_Universal_Responsibility_of_His_Holiness_the_Dalai_Lama" title="Foundation for Universal Responsibility of His Holiness the Dalai Lama">Foundation for Universal Responsibility of His Holiness the Dalai Lama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Tibet_(1950%E2%80%93present)" title="History of Tibet (1950–present)">History of Tibet (1950–present)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Tibet" title="Human rights in Tibet">Human rights in Tibet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annexation_of_Tibet_by_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="Annexation of Tibet by the People's Republic of China">Annexation of Tibet by the People's Republic of China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protests_and_uprisings_in_Tibet_since_1950" title="Protests and uprisings in Tibet since 1950">Protests and uprisings in Tibet since 1950</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinicization_of_Tibet" title="Sinicization of Tibet">Sinicization of Tibet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_occupation_of_Tibet" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese occupation of Tibet">Chinese occupation of Tibet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Period_of_de_facto_Tibetan_independence" class="mw-redirect" title="Period of de facto Tibetan independence">Period of de facto Tibetan independence</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_overseas_visits_by_Tenzin_Gyatso_the_14th_Dalai_Lama_outside_India" class="mw-redirect" title="List of overseas visits by Tenzin Gyatso the 14th Dalai Lama outside India">List of overseas visits by Tenzin Gyatso the 14th Dalai Lama outside India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_peace_activists" title="List of peace activists">List of peace activists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates" title="List of Nobel laureates">List of Nobel laureates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_refugees" title="List of refugees">List of refugees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Templeton_Prize#laureates" title="Templeton Prize">Templeton Prize lauretes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rulers_of_Tibet" title="List of rulers of Tibet">List of rulers of Tibet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_persecution" title="Religious persecution">Religious persecution</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_religion_in_China#Buddhism" title="Freedom of religion in China">Freedom of religion in China</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tibet_Fund" title="Tibet Fund">Tibet Fund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tibet_House" title="Tibet House">Tibet House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tibet_Religious_Foundation_of_His_Holiness_the_Dalai_Lama" title="Tibet Religious Foundation of His Holiness the Dalai Lama">Tibet Religious Foundation of His Holiness the Dalai Lama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tibetan_art" title="Tibetan art">Tibetan art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tibetan_Centre_for_Human_Rights_and_Democracy" title="Tibetan Centre for Human Rights and Democracy">Tibetan Centre for Human Rights and Democracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tibetan_culture" title="Tibetan culture">Tibetan culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tibetan_Institute_of_Performing_Arts" title="Tibetan Institute of Performing Arts">Tibetan Institute of Performing Arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mind_%26_Life_Institute" title="Mind & Life Institute">Mind & Life Institute</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=14th_Dalai_Lama&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: Notes">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> Exile to India in March 1959 </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><a href="/wiki/American_English" title="American English">US</a>: <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/ˈdɑːlaɪ ˈlɑːmə/</a>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1177148991"><a href="/wiki/British_English" title="British English">UK</a>: <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/ˈdælaɪ ˈlɑːmə/</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Tibetan_script" title="Tibetan script">Tibetan</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1106655535">.mw-parser-output .uchen{font-family:"Jomolhari","Uchen","Noto Serif Tibetan Medium","Noto Serif Tibetan","BabelStone Tibetan Slim","Yagpo Tibetan Uni","Noto Sans Tibetan","Microsoft Himalaya","Kailash","DDC Uchen","TCRC Youtso Unicode","Tibetan Machine Uni","Qomolangma-Uchen Sarchen","Qomolangma-Uchen Sarchung","Qomolangma-Uchen Suring","Qomolangma-Uchen Sutung","Qomolangma-Title","Qomolangma-Subtitle","DDC Rinzin","Qomolangma-Woodblock","Qomolangma-Dunhuang"}.mw-parser-output .ume{font-family:"Qomolangma-Betsu","Qomolangma-Chuyig","Qomolangma-Drutsa","Qomolangma-Edict","Qomolangma-Tsumachu","Qomolangma-Tsuring","Qomolangma-Tsutong","TibetanSambhotaYigchung","TibetanTsugRing","TibetanYigchung"}</style>བསྟན་འཛིན་རྒྱ་མཚོ, <a href="/wiki/Wylie_transliteration" title="Wylie transliteration">Wylie</a>: bsTan-'dzin rgya-mtsho </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Tibetan_script" title="Tibetan script">Tibetan</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1106655535">ལྷ་མོ་དོན་འགྲུབ།, <a href="/wiki/Wylie_transliteration" title="Wylie transliteration">Wylie</a>: Lha-mo Don-'grub, <a href="/wiki/Tibetan_pinyin" title="Tibetan pinyin">ZYPY</a>: Lhamo Tönzhub, <a href="/wiki/Standard_Tibetan" class="mw-redirect" title="Standard Tibetan">Lhasa dialect</a>: <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Tibetan" title="Help:IPA/Tibetan">[ˈl̥a̰ˌmo ˈtʰø̃ˌɖup]</a>; <a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">simplified Chinese</a>: 拉莫顿珠; <a href="/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters" title="Traditional Chinese characters">traditional Chinese</a>: 拉莫頓珠; <a href="/wiki/Pinyin" title="Pinyin">pinyin</a>: Lāmò Dùnzhū </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a> At the time of Tenzin Gyatso's birth, Taktser was a town located in the Chinese province of <a href="/wiki/Qinghai" title="Qinghai">Qinghai</a> and was controlled by <a href="/wiki/Ma_Lin_(warlord)" title="Ma Lin (warlord)">Ma Lin</a>, a warlord allied with <a href="/wiki/Chiang_Kai-shek" title="Chiang Kai-shek">Chiang Kai-shek</a> and appointed as governor of Qinghai Province by the <a href="/wiki/Kuomintang" title="Kuomintang">Kuomintang</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Laird-36">[32]</a><a href="#cite_note-37">[33]</a><a href="#cite_note-38">[34]</a><a href="#cite_note-39">[35]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">Chinese</a>: 红崖村; <a href="/wiki/Pinyin" title="Pinyin">pinyin</a>: Hóngyá Cūn; <abbr title="Literal translation">lit.</abbr> 'Redcliff Village' </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Chinese_language" title="Chinese language">Chinese</a>: 管理喇嘛寺廟條例 </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Chinese_language" title="Chinese language">Chinese</a>: 喇嘛轉世辦法 </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a> It has been noted that two of the examining debate partners of the 14th Dalai Lama were <a href="/wiki/Kyabje_Choden_Rinpoche" title="Kyabje Choden Rinpoche">Kyabje Choden Rinpoche</a> of <a href="/wiki/Sera_monastery" class="mw-redirect" title="Sera monastery">Sera monastery</a> (Jey College), who debated with him on the topic of the <a href="/wiki/Two_truths_doctrine" title="Two truths doctrine">two truths doctrine</a> (<a href="/wiki/Wylie_transliteration" title="Wylie transliteration">Wylie</a>: bden pa gnyis,) and <a href="/wiki/Khyongla_Rato" title="Khyongla Rato">Khyongla Rato Rinpoche</a>.<a href="#cite_note-76">[68]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-356"><a href="#cite_ref-356">^</a> According to CNN, no evidence was given for the preceding claim that pro-Chinese elements were involved in the spread of the video.<a href="#cite_note-355">[346]</a> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=14th_Dalai_Lama&action=edit&section=41" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=14th_Dalai_Lama&action=edit&section=42" title="Edit section: Citations">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 35em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> Article 29, Section 2 of the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Tibet" class="mw-redirect" title="Constitution of Tibet">Constitution of Tibet</a> (1963) </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dalailama.com/the-dalai-lama/events-and-awards/chronology-of-events">"Chronology of Events"</a>. dalailama.com. Office of His Holiness the Dalai Lama. Retrieved 24 August 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=dalailama.com&rft.atitle=Chronology+of+Events&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dalailama.com%2Fthe-dalai-lama%2Fevents-and-awards%2Fchronology-of-events&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dalailama.com/news/2015/his-holiness-the-dalai-lama-speaks-to-tibetan-students-in-delhi">"His Holiness the Dalai Lama Speaks to Tibetan Students in Delhi"</a>. Office of His Holiness the Dalai Lama. 26 January 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210417193136/https://www.dalailama.com/news/2015/his-holiness-the-dalai-lama-speaks-to-tibetan-students-in-delhi">Archived</a> from the original on 17 April 2021. Retrieved 28 March 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=His+Holiness+the+Dalai+Lama+Speaks+to+Tibetan+Students+in+Delhi&rft.date=2015-01-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dalailama.com%2Fnews%2F2015%2Fhis-holiness-the-dalai-lama-speaks-to-tibetan-students-in-delhi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVan_Schaik2011" class="citation book cs1">Van Schaik, Sam (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/tibethistory00scha">Tibet: A History</a>. <a href="/wiki/Yale_University_Press" title="Yale University Press">Yale University Press</a>. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/tibethistory00scha/page/n153">129</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-300-15404-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-300-15404-7"><bdi>978-0-300-15404-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Tibet%3A+A+History&rft.pages=129&rft.pub=Yale+University+Press&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-0-300-15404-7&rft.aulast=Van+Schaik&rft.aufirst=Sam&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Ftibethistory00scha&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGould1957" class="citation book cs1">Gould, Basil (1957). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.210179">The Jewel in the Lotus</a>. Chatto & Windus. p. 211.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Jewel+in+the+Lotus&rft.pages=211&rft.pub=Chatto+%26+Windus&rft.date=1957&rft.aulast=Gould&rft.aufirst=Basil&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fin.ernet.dli.2015.210179&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dalailama.com/the-dalai-lama/biography-and-daily-life/brief-biography">"Brief Biography"</a>. DalaiLama.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210416155923/https://www.dalailama.com/the-dalai-lama/biography-and-daily-life/brief-biography">Archived</a> from the original on 16 April 2021. Retrieved 13 June 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=DalaiLama.com&rft.atitle=Brief+Biography&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dalailama.com%2Fthe-dalai-lama%2Fbiography-and-daily-life%2Fbrief-biography&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200630055806/https://fpmt.org/teachers/hhdl/biography/">"A Brief Biography of His Holiness the Dalai Lama"</a>. fmpt.org. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fpmt.org/teachers/hhdl/biography/">the original</a> on 30 June 2020. Retrieved 14 June 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=fmpt.org&rft.atitle=A+Brief+Biography+of+His+Holiness+the+Dalai+Lama&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffpmt.org%2Fteachers%2Fhhdl%2Fbiography%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDalai_Lama" class="citation web cs1">Dalai Lama, Tenzin Gyatso. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dalailama.com/videos/89th-birthday-message">"89th Birthday Message"</a>. dalailama.com/. Office of His Holiness the Dalai Lama. Retrieved 6 July 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=dalailama.com%2F&rft.atitle=89th+Birthday+Message&rft.aulast=Dalai+Lama&rft.aufirst=Tenzin+Gyatso&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dalailama.com%2Fvideos%2F89th-birthday-message&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-dlce-13">^ <a href="#cite_ref-dlce_13-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-dlce_13-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-dlce_13-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dalailama.com/biography/chronology-of-events">"Chronology of Events"</a>. The 14th Dalai Lama of Tibet. Office of the Dalai Lama. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170401120625/http://dalailama.com/biography/chronology-of-events">Archived</a> from the original on 1 April 2017. Retrieved 29 April 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+14th+Dalai+Lama+of+Tibet&rft.atitle=Chronology+of+Events&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dalailama.com%2Fbiography%2Fchronology-of-events&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGoldstein1991328–-14"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGoldstein1991328–_14-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFGoldstein1991">Goldstein 1991</a>, p. 328–. </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190331204451/http://www.livingbuddha.us.com/view-d59c6c9eba6e4beb842b893f40fdec75.html">"Report to Wu Zhongxin from the Regent Reting Rinpoche Regarding the Process of Searching and Recognizing the Thirteenth Dalai lama's Reincarnated Soul Boy as well as the Request for an Exemption to Drawing Lots"</a>. The Reincarnation of Living Buddhas. Museum of Tibetan Culture of China Tibetology Research Center. 1940. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.livingbuddha.us.com/view-d59c6c9eba6e4beb842b893f40fdec75.html">the original</a> on 31 March 2019. Retrieved 12 October 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Reincarnation+of+Living+Buddhas&rft.atitle=Report+to+Wu+Zhongxin+from+the+Regent+Reting+Rinpoche+Regarding+the+Process+of+Searching+and+Recognizing+the+Thirteenth+Dalai+lama%27s+Reincarnated+Soul+Boy+as+well+as+the+Request+for+an+Exemption+to+Drawing+Lots&rft.date=1940&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.livingbuddha.us.com%2Fview-d59c6c9eba6e4beb842b893f40fdec75.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Goldstein1991-16">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Goldstein1991_16-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Goldstein1991_16-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGoldstein1991" class="citation book cs1">Goldstein, Melvyn C. (18 June 1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Upwq0I-wm7YC&pg=PA328">A History of Modern Tibet, 1913–1951: The Demise of the Lamaist State</a>. University of California Press. pp. 328ff. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-520-91176-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-520-91176-5"><bdi>978-0-520-91176-5</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190723165025/https://books.google.com/books?id=Upwq0I-wm7YC">Archived</a> from the original on 23 July 2019. Retrieved 12 October 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+Modern+Tibet%2C+1913%E2%80%931951%3A+The+Demise+of+the+Lamaist+State&rft.pages=328ff&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft.date=1991-06-18&rft.isbn=978-0-520-91176-5&rft.aulast=Goldstein&rft.aufirst=Melvyn+C.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DUpwq0I-wm7YC%26pg%3DPA328&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-yuan-17"><a href="#cite_ref-yuan_17-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220930211113/http://www.livingbuddha.us.com/view-a4a452dadc42426184aa073f08dd26fb.html">"Executive Yuan's Report to the National Government Regarding the Request to Approve Lhamo Thondup to Succeed the Fourteenth Dalai lama and to Appropriate Expenditure for His Enthronement"</a>. The Reincarnation of Living Buddhas. Museum of Tibetan Culture of China Tibetology Research Center. 1940. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.livingbuddha.us.com/view-a4a452dadc42426184aa073f08dd26fb.html">the original</a> on 30 September 2022. Retrieved 9 October 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Reincarnation+of+Living+Buddhas&rft.atitle=Executive+Yuan%27s+Report+to+the+National+Government+Regarding+the+Request+to+Approve+Lhamo+Thondup+to+Succeed+the+Fourteenth+Dalai+lama+and+to+Appropriate+Expenditure+for+His+Enthronement&rft.date=1940&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.livingbuddha.us.com%2Fview-a4a452dadc42426184aa073f08dd26fb.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFvan_PraggC._Van1988" class="citation journal cs1">van Pragg, Walt; C. Van, Michael (1 March 1988). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.culturalsurvival.org/publications/cultural-survival-quarterly/legal-status-tibet">"The Legal Status of Tibet"</a>. Cultural Survival Quarterly Magazine (12–1). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160919150302/https://www.culturalsurvival.org/ourpublications/csq/article/the-legal-status-tibet">Archived</a> from the original on 19 September 2016. Retrieved 19 June 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cultural+Survival+Quarterly+Magazine&rft.atitle=The+Legal+Status+of+Tibet&rft.issue=12%E2%80%931&rft.date=1988-03-01&rft.aulast=van+Pragg&rft.aufirst=Walt&rft.au=C.+Van%2C+Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.culturalsurvival.org%2Fpublications%2Fcultural-survival-quarterly%2Flegal-status-tibet&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a> Buswell, Robert E.; Lopez, Donald S., Jr. (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.daophatngaynay.com/vn/files/file-nen/Princeton_Dictionary_of_Buddhism_890707662.pdf">The Princeton dictionary of Buddhism.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180612144307/http://www.daophatngaynay.com/vn/files/file-nen/Princeton_Dictionary_of_Buddhism_890707662.pdf">Archived</a> 12 June 2018 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Princeton: <a href="/wiki/Princeton_University_Press" title="Princeton University Press">Princeton University Press</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781400848058" title="Special:BookSources/9781400848058">9781400848058</a>. Entries on "Dalai Lama" and "Dga' ldan pho brang". </li> <li id="cite_note-ddef1-20"><a href="#cite_ref-ddef1_20-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160707033456/http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/dalai-lama">"Definition of Dalai Lama in English"</a>. Oxford Dictionaries. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/Dalai-Lama">the original</a> on 7 July 2016. Retrieved 2 May 2015. <q>The spiritual head of Tibetan Buddhism and, until the establishment of Chinese communist rule, the spiritual and temporal ruler of Tibet</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Definition+of+Dalai+Lama+in+English&rft.pub=Oxford+Dictionaries&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxforddictionaries.com%2Fdefinition%2Fenglish%2FDalai-Lama&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFthe_14th_Dalai_Lama" class="citation web cs1">the 14th Dalai Lama, Tenzin Gyatso. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dalailama.com/the-dalai-lama/biography-and-daily-life/retirement/message-to-14th-assembly">"Message of His Holiness the Dalai Lama to the Fourteenth Assembly of the Tibetan People's Deputies"</a>. dalailama.com. Office of His Holiness the Dalai Lama. Retrieved 6 July 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=dalailama.com&rft.atitle=Message+of+His+Holiness+the+Dalai+Lama+to+the+Fourteenth+Assembly+of+the+Tibetan+People%27s+Deputies&rft.aulast=the+14th+Dalai+Lama&rft.aufirst=Tenzin+Gyatso&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dalailama.com%2Fthe-dalai-lama%2Fbiography-and-daily-life%2Fretirement%2Fmessage-to-14th-assembly&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_numeric_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list">link</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Dalai-Lama-14th/Life-in-exile">"Life in exile"</a>. britannica.com. <a href="/wiki/Encyclopaedia_Britannica" class="mw-redirect" title="Encyclopaedia Britannica">Encyclopaedia Britannica</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210411130418/https://www.britannica.com/biography/Dalai-Lama-14th/Life-in-exile">Archived</a> from the original on 11 April 2021. Retrieved 2 April 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=britannica.com&rft.atitle=Life+in+exile&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fbiography%2FDalai-Lama-14th%2FLife-in-exile&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYardleyWong2011" class="citation news cs1">Yardley, Jim; Wong, Edward (10 March 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2011/03/11/world/asia/11tibet.html">"Dalai Lama Gives Up Political Role"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210331113615/https://www.nytimes.com/2011/03/11/world/asia/11tibet.html">Archived</a> from the original on 31 March 2021. Retrieved 2 April 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Dalai+Lama+Gives+Up+Political+Role&rft.date=2011-03-10&rft.aulast=Yardley&rft.aufirst=Jim&rft.au=Wong%2C+Edward&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2011%2F03%2F11%2Fworld%2Fasia%2F11tibet.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tibet.net/about-cta/">"About Central Tibetan Administration"</a>. tibet.net. <a href="/wiki/Central_Tibetan_Administration" title="Central Tibetan Administration">Central Tibetan Administration</a>. 18 June 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210314193115/https://tibet.net/about-cta/">Archived</a> from the original on 14 March 2021. Retrieved 2 April 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=tibet.net&rft.atitle=About+Central+Tibetan+Administration&rft.date=2011-06-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftibet.net%2Fabout-cta%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dalailama.com/messages/tibet/middle-way-approach">"His Holiness's Middle Way Approach For Resolving the Issue of Tibet"</a>. dalailama.com. Office of His Holiness the Dalai Lama. Retrieved 24 August 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=dalailama.com&rft.atitle=His+Holiness%27s+Middle+Way+Approach+For+Resolving+the+Issue+of+Tibet&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dalailama.com%2Fmessages%2Ftibet%2Fmiddle-way-approach&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWong2008" class="citation news cs1">Wong, Edward (22 November 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2008/11/23/world/asia/23tibet.html">"Tibetans Reaffirm a Conciliatory Approach to China"</a>. New York Times. Retrieved 24 August 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Tibetans+Reaffirm+a+Conciliatory+Approach+to+China&rft.date=2008-11-22&rft.aulast=Wong&rft.aufirst=Edward&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2008%2F11%2F23%2Fworld%2Fasia%2F23tibet.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rfa.org/english/news/tibet/approach-04132022161253.html">"'Middle Way' approach for Tibet not just about politics: Dalai Lama"</a>. Radio Free Asia. 14 April 2022. Retrieved 24 August 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%27Middle+Way%27+approach+for+Tibet+not+just+about+politics%3A+Dalai+Lama&rft.date=2022-04-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rfa.org%2Fenglish%2Fnews%2Ftibet%2Fapproach-04132022161253.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scmp.com/week-asia/people/article/3205819/will-tibetans-middle-way-china-approach-preserve-peace-himalayan-region">"Will Tibetans' 'middle way' approach to China ties keep peace in the region?"</a>. South China Morning Post. 9 January 2023. Retrieved 25 May 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=South+China+Morning+Post&rft.atitle=Will+Tibetans%27+%27middle+way%27+approach+to+China+ties+keep+peace+in+the+region%3F&rft.date=2023-01-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scmp.com%2Fweek-asia%2Fpeople%2Farticle%2F3205819%2Fwill-tibetans-middle-way-china-approach-preserve-peace-himalayan-region&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKoch2013" class="citation news cs1">Koch, Christof (1 July 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/neuroscientists-dalai-lama-swap-insights-meditation/">"Neuroscientists and the Dalai Lama Swap Insights on Meditation"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Scientific_American" title="Scientific American">Scientific American</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210505223543/https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/neuroscientists-dalai-lama-swap-insights-meditation/">Archived</a> from the original on 5 May 2021. Retrieved 5 May 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Scientific+American&rft.atitle=Neuroscientists+and+the+Dalai+Lama+Swap+Insights+on+Meditation&rft.date=2013-07-01&rft.aulast=Koch&rft.aufirst=Christof&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scientificamerican.com%2Farticle%2Fneuroscientists-dalai-lama-swap-insights-meditation%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFoley2010" class="citation news cs1">Foley, Ryan J. (14 May 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191011235656/http://www.nbcnews.com/id/37157160/ns/technology_and_science-science/t/scientist-dalai-lama-share-research-effort/">"Scientist, Dalai Lama Share Research Effort"</a>. NBC News. Associated Press. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nbcnews.com/id/37157160/ns/technology_and_science-science/t/scientist-dalai-lama-share-research-effort/">the original</a> on 11 October 2019. Retrieved 5 May 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Scientist%2C+Dalai+Lama+Share+Research+Effort&rft.date=2010-05-14&rft.aulast=Foley&rft.aufirst=Ryan+J.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nbcnews.com%2Fid%2F37157160%2Fns%2Ftechnology_and_science-science%2Ft%2Fscientist-dalai-lama-share-research-effort%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-TimeTCOG-31"><a href="#cite_ref-TimeTCOG_31-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,993026,00.html">"The Children of Gandhi"</a> (excerpt). Time. 31 December 1999. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131005013134/http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0%2C9171%2C993026%2C00.html">Archived</a> from the original on 5 October 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time&rft.atitle=The+Children+of+Gandhi&rft.date=1999-12-31&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcontent.time.com%2Ftime%2Fmagazine%2Farticle%2F0%2C9171%2C993026%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://history.house.gov/Institution/Gold-Medal/Gold-Medal-Recipients/">"Congressional Gold Medal Recipients"</a>. history.house.gov. <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">United States House of Representatives</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210312093629/https://history.house.gov/Institution/Gold-Medal/Gold-Medal-Recipients/">Archived</a> from the original on 12 March 2021. Retrieved 22 October 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=history.house.gov&rft.atitle=Congressional+Gold+Medal+Recipients&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhistory.house.gov%2FInstitution%2FGold-Medal%2FGold-Medal-Recipients%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDolma2024" class="citation news cs1">Dolma, Yangchen (23 January 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thetibetpost.com/news/19-international/7737-his-holiness-the-dalai-lamas-birthday-to-be-celebrated-as-the-universal-day-of-compassion">"His Holiness the Dalai Lama's birthday to be celebrated as the "Universal Day of Compassion""</a>. Tibet Post International -. Retrieved 6 July 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=His+Holiness+the+Dalai+Lama%27s+birthday+to+be+celebrated+as+the+%22Universal+Day+of+Compassion%22&rft.date=2024-01-23&rft.aulast=Dolma&rft.aufirst=Yangchen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thetibetpost.com%2Fnews%2F19-international%2F7737-his-holiness-the-dalai-lamas-birthday-to-be-celebrated-as-the-universal-day-of-compassion&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tibet.net/12th-asian-buddhist-conference-for-peace-declares-his-holiness-the-dalai-lama-universal-supreme-leader-of-the-buddhist-world/">"12th Asian Buddhist Conference for Peace Declares His Holiness the Dalai Lama "Universal Supreme Leader of the Buddhist World""</a>. Central Tibetan Administration. 23 January 2024. Retrieved 6 July 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=12th+Asian+Buddhist+Conference+for+Peace+Declares+His+Holiness+the+Dalai+Lama+%22Universal+Supreme+Leader+of+the+Buddhist+World%22&rft.date=2024-01-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftibet.net%2F12th-asian-buddhist-conference-for-peace-declares-his-holiness-the-dalai-lama-universal-supreme-leader-of-the-buddhist-world%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThondupThurston2015" class="citation book cs1">Thondup, Gyalo; Thurston, Anne F. (2015). The Noodle Maker of Kalimpong: The Untold Story of My Struggle for Tibet. <a href="/wiki/Gurgaon" title="Gurgaon">Gurgaon</a>: <a href="/wiki/Random_House" title="Random House">Random House</a> Publishers India Private Limited. p. 20. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-8400-387-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-8400-387-1"><bdi>978-81-8400-387-1</bdi></a>. <q>Lama Thubten named my new brother Lhamo Thondup.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Noodle+Maker+of+Kalimpong%3A+The+Untold+Story+of+My+Struggle+for+Tibet&rft.place=Gurgaon&rft.pages=20&rft.pub=Random+House+Publishers+India+Private+Limited&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-81-8400-387-1&rft.aulast=Thondup&rft.aufirst=Gyalo&rft.au=Thurston%2C+Anne+F.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Laird-36">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Laird_36-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Laird_36-1">b</a> Thomas Laird, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=As_4aQjGaUEC">The Story of Tibet. Conversations with the Dalai Lama</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240328121334/https://books.google.com/books?id=As_4aQjGaUEC">Archived</a> 28 March 2024 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Grove_Press" title="Grove Press">Grove Press</a>: New York, 2006. </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a> Li, T.T. Historical Status of Tibet, <a href="/wiki/Columbia_University_Press" title="Columbia University Press">Columbia University Press</a>, p. 179. </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a> Bell, Charles, "Portrait of the Dalai Lama", p. 399. </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a> Goldstein, Melvyn C. Goldstein, A history of modern Tibet, pp. 315–317. </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a> A 60-Point Commentary on the Chinese Government Publication: A Collection of Historical Archives of Tibet, DIIR Publications, Dharamsala, November 2008: "Chija Tagtser born holy precious child Lhamo Dhondup ... the holy reincarnate child in Chija Tagtser." </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStewart2000" class="citation book cs1">Stewart, Whitney (2000). The 14th Dalai Lama. Minneapolis: Lerner Publications Co. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8225-9691-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-8225-9691-1"><bdi>0-8225-9691-1</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/44627126">44627126</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+14th+Dalai+Lama&rft.place=Minneapolis&rft.pub=Lerner+Publications+Co&rft.date=2000&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F44627126&rft.isbn=0-8225-9691-1&rft.aulast=Stewart&rft.aufirst=Whitney&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCraig1998" class="citation book cs1">Craig, Mary (1998). Kundun : une biographie du Dalaï-Lama et de sa famille. Bstan-ʼdzin-rgya-mtsho, Dalai Lama XIV, 1935–, Vidonne, François. [S.l.]: Presses du Châtelet. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/2-911217-33-0" title="Special:BookSources/2-911217-33-0"><bdi>2-911217-33-0</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/40821251">40821251</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Kundun+%3A+une+biographie+du+Dala%C3%AF-Lama+et+de+sa+famille&rft.place=%5BS.l.%5D&rft.pub=Presses+du+Ch%C3%A2telet&rft.date=1998&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F40821251&rft.isbn=2-911217-33-0&rft.aulast=Craig&rft.aufirst=Mary&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGittings2008" class="citation web cs1">Gittings, John (7 September 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2008/sep/08/tibet">"Obituary:Thubten Jigme Norbu"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170810130435/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2008/sep/08/tibet">Archived</a> from the original on 10 August 2017. Retrieved 13 October 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Obituary%3AThubten+Jigme+Norbu&rft.date=2008-09-07&rft.aulast=Gittings&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2008%2Fsep%2F08%2Ftibet&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a> Thomas Laird, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=NH5vuMA7LYcC">The Story of Tibet: Conversations With the Dalai Lama</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200301214917/https://books.google.com/books?id=NH5vuMA7LYcC">Archived</a> 1 March 2020 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, p. 262 (2007) "At that time in my village", he said, "we spoke a broken Chinese. As a child, I spoke Chinese first, but it was a broken Xining language which was (a dialect of) the Chinese language." "So your first language", I responded, "was a broken Chinese regional dialect, which we might call Xining Chinese. It was not Tibetan. You learned Tibetan when you came to Lhasa." "Yes", he answered, "that is correct ..." </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ub8aAQAAMAAJ">The economist, Volume 390, Issues 8618–8624</a>. Economist Newspaper Ltd. 2009. p. 144. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200103010505/https://books.google.com/books?id=ub8aAQAAMAAJ">Archived</a> from the original on 3 January 2020. Retrieved 14 August 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+economist%2C+Volume+390%2C+Issues+8618%E2%80%938624&rft.pages=144&rft.pub=Economist+Newspaper+Ltd.&rft.date=2009&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dub8aAQAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.economist.com/node/13184937">Politically incorrect tourism</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160306053755/http://www.economist.com/node/13184937">Archived</a> 6 March 2016 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, The Economist, 26 February 2009: "When the Dalai Lama was born, the region, regarded by Tibetans as part of Amdo, a province of their historic homeland, was under the control of a Muslim warlord, Ma Bufang. The Dalai Lama and his family didn't learn Tibetan until they moved to Lhasa in 1939." </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/zh:%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86%E5%96%87%E5%98%9B%E5%AF%BA%E5%BB%9F%E6%A2%9D%E4%BE%8B">管理喇嘛寺廟條例 </a> [Regulations on the Management of Lama Temples] (in Chinese). 1935 – via <a href="/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86%E5%96%87%E5%98%9B%E5%AF%BA%E5%BB%9F%E6%A2%9D%E4%BE%8B&rft.date=1935&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://law.moj.gov.tw/LawClass/LawAll.aspx?pcode=D0100005"><bdi lang="zh">廢管理喇嘛寺廟條例</bdi></a> [Abolish the Regulations on Management of Lama Temples]. Laws & Regulations Database of The Republic of China. 11 June 1992. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210810070222/https://law.moj.gov.tw/LawClass/LawAll.aspx?pcode=D0100005">Archived</a> from the original on 10 August 2021. Retrieved 10 August 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Laws+%26+Regulations+Database+of+The+Republic+of+China&rft.atitle=%E5%BB%A2+%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86%E5%96%87%E5%98%9B%E5%AF%BA%E5%BB%9F%E6%A2%9D%E4%BE%8B&rft.date=1992-06-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flaw.moj.gov.tw%2FLawClass%2FLawAll.aspx%3Fpcode%3DD0100005&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/zh:%E5%96%87%E5%98%9B%E8%BD%89%E4%B8%96%E8%BE%A6%E6%B3%95">喇嘛轉世辦法 </a> [Lama reincarnation method] (in Chinese). 1936 – via <a href="/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%E5%96%87%E5%98%9B%E8%BD%89%E4%B8%96%E8%BE%A6%E6%B3%95&rft.date=1936&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://law.moj.gov.tw/LawClass/LawAll.aspx?pcode=D0100011"><bdi lang="zh">廢喇嘛轉世辦法</bdi></a> [Abolish the method of reincarnation]. Laws & Regulations Database of The Republic of China. 20 February 1993. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210810070220/https://law.moj.gov.tw/LawClass/LawAll.aspx?pcode=D0100011">Archived</a> from the original on 10 August 2021. Retrieved 10 August 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Laws+%26+Regulations+Database+of+The+Republic+of+China&rft.atitle=%E5%BB%A2+%E5%96%87%E5%98%9B%E8%BD%89%E4%B8%96%E8%BE%A6%E6%B3%95&rft.date=1993-02-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flaw.moj.gov.tw%2FLawClass%2FLawAll.aspx%3Fpcode%3DD0100011&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a> 去转生一族之私 </li> <li id="cite_note-bell397-56">^ <a href="#cite_ref-bell397_56-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-bell397_56-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-bell397_56-2">c</a> Bell 1946, p. 397. </li> <li id="cite_note-Laird_2006,_p._265-57">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Laird_2006,_p._265_57-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Laird_2006,_p._265_57-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Laird_2006,_p._265_57-2">c</a> Laird 2006, p. 265. </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a> Laird 2006, pp. 262–263. </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a> Laird 2006, pp. 265–266. </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPiper_Rae_Gaubatz1996" class="citation book cs1">Piper Rae Gaubatz (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=drGGEsi1fFEC&q=ma+bufang+paintings&pg=PA36">Beyond the Great Wall: urban form and transformation on the Chinese frontiers</a>. <a href="/wiki/Stanford_University_Press" title="Stanford University Press">Stanford University Press</a>. p. 36. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8047-2399-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-8047-2399-0"><bdi>0-8047-2399-0</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201208213215/https://books.google.com/books?id=drGGEsi1fFEC&q=ma+bufang+paintings&pg=PA36">Archived</a> from the original on 8 December 2020. Retrieved 28 June 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Beyond+the+Great+Wall%3A+urban+form+and+transformation+on+the+Chinese+frontiers&rft.pages=36&rft.pub=Stanford+University+Press&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=0-8047-2399-0&rft.au=Piper+Rae+Gaubatz&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DdrGGEsi1fFEC%26q%3Dma%2Bbufang%2Bpaintings%26pg%3DPA36&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a> Laird 2006, p. 262. </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a> Mullin 2001, p. 459. </li> <li id="cite_note-bell398-63">^ <a href="#cite_ref-bell398_63-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-bell398_63-1">b</a> Bell 1946, p. 398. </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a> Richardson 1984, p. 152. </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a> Bell 1946, pp. 398–399. </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a> Richardson 1984, pp. 152–153. </li> <li id="cite_note-laird267-67">^ <a href="#cite_ref-laird267_67-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-laird267_67-1">b</a> Laird 2006, p. 267. </li> <li id="cite_note-rich153-68">^ <a href="#cite_ref-rich153_68-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-rich153_68-1">b</a> Richardson 1984, p. 153. </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.taoshumi.com/subject/D5/1995/524718.html">[1]</a>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot">permanent dead link</a>‍] 1938年9月22日，西藏驻京办事处代表阿旺桑丹、格登恪典、图丹桑结等电告蒙藏委员会报告寻获灵儿，并将其送西藏掣签认定，电称："达赖佛转世事，经民众代表寻访结果，西藏内部寻得灵异幼童2名，西宁塔尔寺方面寻得灵异幼童1名。依照西藏宗教仪式，所寻选之幼童应聚集西藏，降驾掣签，认定真正达赖之转世，既多灵异后，复经庄严之金本巴瓶内典礼拈之。现典礼期将近，关于西宁塔尔寺地方所寻选者，请中央政府俯允该主持人员，迅将寻选幼童送至西藏，参加典礼并恳发给执照，以利行程。" On 22 September 1938, representatives of Tibet Office in Beijing informed Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs Commission via telegraph which says "as for the reincarnation of the Dalai Lama, as a result of a search by representatives of the people, two supernatural children were found in Tibet, and one supernatural child was found in Xining. According to Tibetan religious ceremonies, the selected young children should gather in Tibet, Golden Urn ceremony should be held, and determine that the true reincarnation of the Dalai Lama. The ceremony is approaching. Regarding the candidates for the Taer Monastery in Xining, the central government is requested to host, and promptly send the selected children to Tibet, participate in the ceremony and issue approval to facilitate the itinerary." </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.sohu.com/a/461098896_523177">https://www.sohu.com/a/461098896_523177</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221001024741/https://www.sohu.com/a/461098896_523177">Archived</a> 1 October 2022 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> 蒙藏委员会于1938年10月拟定了《十四世达赖喇嘛转世掣签征认办法》The Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs Commission drafted the "Method of Using Golden Urn for the 14th Dalai Lama" in October 1938. </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2 cs1-prop-script"> <bdi lang="zh">1938年12月12日热振摄政致蒙藏委员会电报称“达赖大师转世之化身三灵儿，已蒙转电青海省政府督促纪仓佛速将西宁所选灵儿送来拉萨，良深感慰。所有中央派员参加办法一则，业经与司伦、噶厦商议，三灵儿迎到后，举行掣签典礼之际，为昭大信，悦遐迩计，中央当派员参加。”</bdi> [For the three candidates of reincarnation of the Dalai Lama, request has been sent to the Qinghai Provincial Government to urge to send candidate of Xining to Lhasa, which is deeply gratified. All members of the Central Committee, along with Kashag, when three candidates arrived, lottery ceremony would be held, the Central (Government) should dispatch officials to participate.]</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=1938%E5%B9%B412%E6%9C%8812%E6%97%A5%E7%83%AD%E6%8C%AF%E6%91%84%E6%94%BF%E8%87%B4%E8%92%99%E8%97%8F%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A%E7%94%B5%E6%8A%A5%E7%A7%B0%E2%80%9C%E8%BE%BE%E8%B5%96%E5%A4%A7%E5%B8%88%E8%BD%AC%E4%B8%96%E4%B9%8B%E5%8C%96%E8%BA%AB%E4%B8%89%E7%81%B5%E5%84%BF%EF%BC%8C%E5%B7%B2%E8%92%99%E8%BD%AC%E7%94%B5%E9%9D%92%E6%B5%B7%E7%9C%81%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C%E7%9D%A3%E4%BF%83%E7%BA%AA%E4%BB%93%E4%BD%9B%E9%80%9F%E5%B0%86%E8%A5%BF%E5%AE%81%E6%89%80%E9%80%89%E7%81%B5%E5%84%BF%E9%80%81%E6%9D%A5%E6%8B%89%E8%90%A8%EF%BC%8C%E8%89%AF%E6%B7%B1%E6%84%9F%E6%85%B0%E3%80%82%E6%89%80%E6%9C%89%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E6%B4%BE%E5%91%98%E5%8F%82%E5%8A%A0%E5%8A%9E%E6%B3%95%E4%B8%80%E5%88%99%EF%BC%8C%E4%B8%9A%E7%BB%8F%E4%B8%8E%E5%8F%B8%E4%BC%A6%E3%80%81%E5%99%B6%E5%8E%A6%E5%95%86%E8%AE%AE%EF%BC%8C%E4%B8%89%E7%81%B5%E5%84%BF%E8%BF%8E%E5%88%B0%E5%90%8E%EF%BC%8C%E4%B8%BE%E8%A1%8C%E6%8E%A3%E7%AD%BE%E5%85%B8%E7%A4%BC%E4%B9%8B%E9%99%85%EF%BC%8C%E4%B8%BA%E6%98%AD%E5%A4%A7%E4%BF%A1%EF%BC%8C%E6%82%A6%E9%81%90%E8%BF%A9%E8%AE%A1%EF%BC%8C%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E5%BD%93%E6%B4%BE%E5%91%98%E5%8F%82%E5%8A%A0%E3%80%82%E2%80%9D&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a> Laird 2006, pp. 268–269. </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dalailama.com/news/2022/avalokiteshvara-empowerment-second-day">"Avalokiteshvara Empowerment - Second Day"</a>. Office of His Holiness the Dalai Lama. 2 June 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220602162848/https://www.dalailama.com/news/2022/avalokiteshvara-empowerment-second-day">Archived</a> from the original on 2 June 2022. Retrieved 9 June 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Avalokiteshvara+Empowerment+-+Second+Day&rft.date=2022-06-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dalailama.com%2Fnews%2F2022%2Favalokiteshvara-empowerment-second-day&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Banyan-74"><a href="#cite_ref-Banyan_74-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.economist.com/news/china/21646795-even-china-accepts-only-dalai-lama-can-legitimise-its-rule-tibet-golden-urn">"The Golden Urn: Even China Accepts That Only the Dalai Lama Can Legitimise Its Rule in Tibet"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Economist" title="The Economist">The Economist</a>. 19 March 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170930035821/https://www.economist.com/news/china/21646795-even-china-accepts-only-dalai-lama-can-legitimise-its-rule-tibet-golden-urn">Archived</a> from the original on 30 September 2017. Retrieved 29 September 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Economist&rft.atitle=The+Golden+Urn%3A+Even+China+Accepts+That+Only+the+Dalai+Lama+Can+Legitimise+Its+Rule+in+Tibet&rft.date=2015-03-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.economist.com%2Fnews%2Fchina%2F21646795-even-china-accepts-only-dalai-lama-can-legitimise-its-rule-tibet-golden-urn&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMelvyn_C._Goldstein2013" class="citation book cs1">Melvyn C. Goldstein (2013). "The Circulation of Estates in Tibet: Reincarnation, Land, and Politics". In Tuttle, Gray; Schaeffer, Kurtis R. (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=REweJ02Xel8C">The Tibetan History Reader</a>. New York: Columbia University Press. p. 482. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-231-14468-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-231-14468-1"><bdi>978-0-231-14468-1</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221023050422/https://books.google.com/books?id=REweJ02Xel8C">Archived</a> from the original on 23 October 2022. Retrieved 17 February 2022. <q>The corporations of the regents were not the only ones to acquire numerous estates and serfs. So too did the families of the Dalai Lamas. The (natal) family of the Dalai Lama was "ennobled" and became a part of the highest stratum of the Tibetan aristocracy. Each such family received estates sufficient to match, on an economic scale, their newly found social status...Certainly [the family of the fourteenth Dalai Lama] acquired huge land and serf holdings.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Circulation+of+Estates+in+Tibet%3A+Reincarnation%2C+Land%2C+and+Politics&rft.btitle=The+Tibetan+History+Reader&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=482&rft.pub=Columbia+University+Press&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-0-231-14468-1&rft.au=Melvyn+C.+Goldstein&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DREweJ02Xel8C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kurukulla.org/program/choden_articles/debating.html">"Debating with the Dalai Lama"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201012090001/http://www.kurukulla.org/program/choden_articles/debating.html">Archived</a> from the original on 12 October 2020. Retrieved 24 January 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Debating+with+the+Dalai+Lama&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kurukulla.org%2Fprogram%2Fchoden_articles%2Fdebating.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVreeland2022" class="citation web cs1">Vreeland, Khen Rinpoche Nicholas (June 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nicholasvreeland.com/blog/2022/6/1/rinpoche-has-departed">"Rinpoche has Departed, A prayer for a Swift Return composed by His Holiness the Dalai Lama"</a>. nicholasvreeland.com. Office of His Holiness the Dalia Lama. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220601150803/https://nicholasvreeland.com/blog/2022/6/1/rinpoche-has-departed">Archived</a> from the original on 1 June 2022. Retrieved 9 June 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=nicholasvreeland.com&rft.atitle=Rinpoche+has+Departed%2C+A+prayer+for+a+Swift+Return+composed+by+His+Holiness+the+Dalai+Lama&rft.date=2022-06&rft.aulast=Vreeland&rft.aufirst=Khen+Rinpoche+Nicholas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnicholasvreeland.com%2Fblog%2F2022%2F6%2F1%2Frinpoche-has-departed&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-bbcprofile-79">^ <a href="#cite_ref-bbcprofile_79-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-bbcprofile_79-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-bbcprofile_79-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-bbcprofile_79-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-bbcprofile_79-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-bbcprofile_79-5">f</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/asia-pacific/1347735.stm">"Profile: The Dalai Lama"</a>. BBC News. 25 February 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090423190123/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/asia-pacific/1347735.stm">Archived</a> from the original on 23 April 2009. Retrieved 31 December 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Profile%3A+The+Dalai+Lama&rft.date=2009-02-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F1%2Fhi%2Fworld%2Fasia-pacific%2F1347735.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-bio-80">^ <a href="#cite_ref-bio_80-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-bio_80-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCronin_Marcello2003" class="citation book cs1">Cronin Marcello, Patricia (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/dalailamabiograp00patr">The Dalai Lama: A Biography</a>. Greenwood Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-313-32207-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-313-32207-5"><bdi>978-0-313-32207-5</bdi></a>. Retrieved 5 December 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Dalai+Lama%3A+A+Biography&rft.pub=Greenwood+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-313-32207-5&rft.aulast=Cronin+Marcello&rft.aufirst=Patricia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fdalailamabiograp00patr&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLama1990" class="citation book cs1">Lama, Dalai (1990). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/freedominexileau00bsta">Freedom in Exile: The Autobiography of the Dalai Lama</a> (1st ed.). New York, NY: HarperCollins. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/freedominexileau00bsta/page/18">18</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-06-039116-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-06-039116-2"><bdi>0-06-039116-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Freedom+in+Exile%3A+The+Autobiography+of+the+Dalai+Lama.&rft.place=New+York%2C+NY&rft.pages=18&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=HarperCollins&rft.date=1990&rft.isbn=0-06-039116-2&rft.aulast=Lama&rft.aufirst=Dalai&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Ffreedominexileau00bsta&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation audio-visual cs1">Peter Graves (host) (26 April 2005). Dalai Lama: Soul of Tibet. <a href="/wiki/A%26E_Television_Networks" class="mw-redirect" title="A&E Television Networks">A&E Television Networks</a>. Event occurs at 08:00.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dalai+Lama%3A+Soul+of+Tibet&rft.pub=A%26E+Television+Networks&rft.date=2005-04-26&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSmith,_Warren_W._Jr.1997" class="citation book cs1">Smith, Warren W. Jr. (1997). Tibetan Nation: A History of Tibetan Nationalism and Sino-Tibetan Relations. New Delhi: HarperCollins. pp. 107–149. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8133-3155-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-8133-3155-2"><bdi>0-8133-3155-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Tibetan+Nation%3A+A+History+of+Tibetan+Nationalism+and+Sino-Tibetan+Relations&rft.place=New+Delhi&rft.pages=107-149&rft.pub=HarperCollins&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=0-8133-3155-2&rft.au=Smith%2C+Warren+W.+Jr.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Powers-84"><a href="#cite_ref-Powers_84-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPowers" class="citation book cs1">Powers, John. The Buddha Party: How the People's Republic of China Works to Define and Control Tibetan Buddhism.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Buddha+Party%3A+How+the+People%27s+Republic+of+China+Works+to+Define+and+Control+Tibetan+Buddhism&rft.aulast=Powers&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a> Gould, B.J., The Jewel In The Lotus London: Chatto and Windus, 1957 </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><a href="#cite_ref-86">^</a> Bell 1946, p. 400. </li> <li id="cite_note-Lin-87"><a href="#cite_ref-Lin_87-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLin2006" class="citation journal cs1">Lin, Hsiao-ting (2006). "War or Stratagem? Reassessing China's Military Advance towards Tibet, 1942–1943". The China Quarterly. 186: 446–462. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS0305741006000233">10.1017/S0305741006000233</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0305-7410">0305-7410</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:154376402">154376402</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+China+Quarterly&rft.atitle=War+or+Stratagem%3F+Reassessing+China%27s+Military+Advance+towards+Tibet%2C+1942%E2%80%931943&rft.volume=186&rft.pages=446-462&rft.date=2006&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A154376402%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=0305-7410&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FS0305741006000233&rft.aulast=Lin&rft.aufirst=Hsiao-ting&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDavid_P._BarrettLawrence_N._Shyu2001" class="citation book cs1">David P. Barrett; Lawrence N. Shyu (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=4_BxAAAAMAAJ&q=ma+bufang+">China in the anti-Japanese War, 1937–1945: politics, culture and society</a>. Peter Lang. p. 240. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8204-4556-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8204-4556-4"><bdi>978-0-8204-4556-4</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210624211228/https://books.google.com/books?id=4_BxAAAAMAAJ&q=ma+bufang+">Archived</a> from the original on 24 June 2021. Retrieved 28 June 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=China+in+the+anti-Japanese+War%2C+1937%E2%80%931945%3A+politics%2C+culture+and+society&rft.pages=240&rft.pub=Peter+Lang&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-0-8204-4556-4&rft.au=David+P.+Barrett&rft.au=Lawrence+N.+Shyu&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D4_BxAAAAMAAJ%26q%3Dma%2Bbufang%2B&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUniversity_of_Cambridge._Mongolia_&_Inner_Asia_Studies_Unit2002" class="citation book cs1">University of Cambridge. Mongolia & Inner Asia Studies Unit (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=m1RuAAAAMAAJ">Inner Asia, Volume 4, Issues 1–2</a>. The White Horse Press for the Mongolia and Inner Asia Studies Unit at the University of Cambridge. p. 204. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160427132150/https://books.google.com/books?id=m1RuAAAAMAAJ">Archived</a> from the original on 27 April 2016. Retrieved 28 June 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Inner+Asia%2C+Volume+4%2C+Issues+1%E2%80%932&rft.pages=204&rft.pub=The+White+Horse+Press+for+the+Mongolia+and+Inner+Asia+Studies+Unit+at+the+University+of+Cambridge&rft.date=2002&rft.au=University+of+Cambridge.+Mongolia+%26+Inner+Asia+Studies+Unit&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dm1RuAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPaul_Kocot_Nietupski1999" class="citation book cs1">Paul Kocot Nietupski (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=xGvECiS-uEgC&pg=PA35">Labrang: a Tibetan Buddhist monastery at the crossroads of four civilizations</a>. Snow Lion Publications. p. 35. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-55939-090-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-55939-090-3"><bdi>978-1-55939-090-3</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170205084013/https://books.google.com/books?id=xGvECiS-uEgC&pg=PA35">Archived</a> from the original on 5 February 2017. Retrieved 14 August 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Labrang%3A+a+Tibetan+Buddhist+monastery+at+the+crossroads+of+four+civilizations&rft.pages=35&rft.pub=Snow+Lion+Publications&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-1-55939-090-3&rft.au=Paul+Kocot+Nietupski&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DxGvECiS-uEgC%26pg%3DPA35&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLopez" class="citation web cs1">Lopez, Donald S. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Dalai-Lama-14th">"14th Dalai Lama, Tibetan Buddhist monk"</a>. britannica.com. Encyclopaedia Britannica. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191011004521/https://www.britannica.com/biography/Dalai-Lama-14th">Archived</a> from the original on 11 October 2019. Retrieved 10 June 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=britannica.com&rft.atitle=14th+Dalai+Lama%2C+Tibetan+Buddhist+monk&rft.aulast=Lopez&rft.aufirst=Donald+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fbiography%2FDalai-Lama-14th&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><a href="#cite_ref-92">^</a> Goldstein, Melvyn C., A History of Modern Tibet, 1913–1951, University of California Press, 1989, pp. 812–813. </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><a href="#cite_ref-93">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPowers2004" class="citation book cs1">Powers, John (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://oxford.universitypressscholarship.com/view/10.1093/0195174267.001.0001/acprof-9780195174267">History as Propaganda: Tibetan Exiles versus the People's Republic of China</a>. Oxford University Press. p. 113. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2F0195174267.001.0001">10.1093/0195174267.001.0001</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-517426-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-517426-7"><bdi>978-0-19-517426-7</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220610025745/https://oxford.universitypressscholarship.com/view/10.1093/0195174267.001.0001/acprof-9780195174267">Archived</a> from the original on 10 June 2022. Retrieved 10 June 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+as+Propaganda%3A+Tibetan+Exiles+versus+the+People%27s+Republic+of+China&rft.pages=113&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2004&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2F0195174267.001.0001&rft.isbn=978-0-19-517426-7&rft.aulast=Powers&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Foxford.universitypressscholarship.com%2Fview%2F10.1093%2F0195174267.001.0001%2Facprof-9780195174267&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMelvyn_Goldstein2004" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Melvyn_Goldstein" title="Melvyn Goldstein">Melvyn Goldstein</a> (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=RmZhAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA194">"Tibet and China in the Twentieth Century"</a>. In Rossabi, Morris (ed.). Governing China's Multiethnic Frontiers. Seattle: <a href="/wiki/University_of_Washington_Press" title="University of Washington Press">University of Washington Press</a>. pp. 193–194. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-295-98390-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-295-98390-6"><bdi>0-295-98390-6</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20240512063244/https://books.google.ca/books?id=RmZhAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA193&redir_esc=y%23v=onepage&q&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on 12 May 2024. Retrieved 17 February 2022. <q>Tibet, it said, had the right to exercise regional autonomy under leadership of the central PRC government. This meant that the CCP allowed the feudal system, with its serflike peasantry, to persist, and it allowed the Dalai Lama's government to continue to rule Tibet internally in accordance with its own language and traditional laws.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Tibet+and+China+in+the+Twentieth+Century&rft.btitle=Governing+China%27s+Multiethnic+Frontiers&rft.place=Seattle&rft.pages=193-194&rft.pub=University+of+Washington+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=0-295-98390-6&rft.au=Melvyn+Goldstein&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DRmZhAwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA194&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><a href="#cite_ref-95">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBarnett2008" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Barnett_(scholar)" title="Robert Barnett (scholar)">Barnett, Robert</a> (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://info-buddhism.com/Human-Rights-in-Tibet-before-1959_Robert_Barnett.html">Authenticating Tibet: Answers to China's 100 Questions</a>. Berkeley, CA: <a href="/wiki/University_of_California_Press" title="University of California Press">University of California Press</a>. pp. 81–84. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780520249288" title="Special:BookSources/9780520249288"><bdi>9780520249288</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210708014121/https://info-buddhism.com/Human-Rights-in-Tibet-before-1959_Robert_Barnett.html">Archived</a> from the original on 8 July 2021. Retrieved 10 June 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Authenticating+Tibet%3A+Answers+to+China%27s+100+Questions&rft.place=Berkeley%2C+CA&rft.pages=81-84&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=9780520249288&rft.aulast=Barnett&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Finfo-buddhism.com%2FHuman-Rights-in-Tibet-before-1959_Robert_Barnett.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSamphel2015" class="citation news cs1">Samphel, Thubten (15 April 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.huffpost.com/entry/the-dalai-lamas-china-experience-and-its-impact_b_7068928">"The Dalai Lama's China Experience and Its Impact"</a>. Huffington Post. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220131131319/https://www.huffpost.com/entry/the-dalai-lamas-china-experience-and-its-impact_b_7068928">Archived</a> from the original on 31 January 2022. Retrieved 10 June 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+Dalai+Lama%27s+China+Experience+and+Its+Impact&rft.date=2015-04-15&rft.aulast=Samphel&rft.aufirst=Thubten&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffpost.com%2Fentry%2Fthe-dalai-lamas-china-experience-and-its-impact_b_7068928&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><a href="#cite_ref-97">^</a> Goldstein, M.C., A History of Modern Tibet, Volume 2 – The Calm before the Storm: 1951–1955, p. 493. </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><a href="#cite_ref-98">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2005-08/30/content_3422747.htm">Ngapoi recalls the founding of the TAR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071013180003/http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2005-08/30/content_3422747.htm">Archived</a> 13 October 2007 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ngapoi_Ngawang_Jigme" title="Ngapoi Ngawang Jigme">Ngapoi Ngawang Jigme</a>, China View, 30 August 2005. </li> <li id="cite_note-99"><a href="#cite_ref-99">^</a> Goldstein, M.C., A History of Modern Tibet, Volume 2 – The Calm before the Storm: 1951–1955, p. 496. </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><a href="#cite_ref-100">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100505143746/http://voyage.typepad.com/china/2007/01/chairman_mao_lo.html">"Chairman Mao: Long Live Dalai Lama!"</a>. Voyage.typepad.com. 21 January 2007. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://voyage.typepad.com/china/2007/01/chairman_mao_lo.html">the original</a> on 5 May 2010. Retrieved 2 May 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Chairman+Mao%3A+Long+Live+Dalai+Lama%21&rft.pub=Voyage.typepad.com&rft.date=2007-01-21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fvoyage.typepad.com%2Fchina%2F2007%2F01%2Fchairman_mao_lo.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-101"><a href="#cite_ref-101">^</a> <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/zh:%E5%9B%BD%E5%8A%A1%E9%99%A2%E5%85%B3%E4%BA%8E%E6%92%A4%E9%94%80%E8%BE%BE%E8%B5%96%E5%96%87%E5%98%9B%C2%B7%E4%B8%B9%E5%A2%9E%E5%98%89%E6%8E%AA%E8%81%8C%E5%8A%A1%E7%9A%84%E5%86%B3%E5%AE%9A" class="extiw" title="s:zh:国务院关于撤销达赖喇嘛·丹增嘉措职务的决定">《国务院关于撤销达赖喇嘛·丹增嘉措职务的决定》</a>（一九六四年十二月十七日国务院全体会议第一五一次会议通过）: "西藏自治区筹备委员会主任委员达赖喇嘛·丹增嘉措，一九五九年发动叛国的反革命武装叛乱。在逃往国外以后，组织流亡伪政府，公布伪宪法，支持印度反动派对我国的侵略，并积极组织和训练逃亡国外的残匪骚扰祖国边境。这一切都证明他早已自绝于祖国和人民，是一个死心塌地为帝国主义和外国反动派作走狗的叛国分子。国务院根据西藏地方人民的要求，决定撤销达赖喇嘛·丹增嘉措的西藏自治区筹备委员会主任委员和委员的职务。" On 17 December 1964, the 151st meeting of the plenary session of the State Council approved: The Dalai Lama Tenzin Gyatso, chairman of the Tibet Autonomous Region Preparatory Committee, launched a treasonous counter-revolutionary armed rebellion in 1959. After fleeing abroad, he organized a pseudo-government in exile, promulgated a pseudo-constitution, supported the Indian reactionaries' aggression against our country, and actively organized and trained bandits who fled abroad to harass the motherland's borders. All this proves that he has terminated himself from the motherland and the people, and he is a traitor who is desperately running for the imperialism and foreign reactionaries. The State Council decided to remove the Dalai Lama Tenzin Gyatso's duties as chairman and member of the Tibet Autonomous Region Preparatory Committee in accordance with the request of the local people in Tibet. </li> <li id="cite_note-102"><a href="#cite_ref-102">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/90001/90776/90883/6284184.html">"Official: Dalai Lama's U.S. award not to affect Tibet's stability"</a>. <a href="/wiki/17th_National_Congress_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="17th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party">17th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party</a>. <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Daily" title="People's Daily">People's Daily</a>. 16 October 2007. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111130105921/http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/90001/90776/90883/6284184.html">Archived</a> from the original on 30 November 2011. Retrieved 28 August 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=17th+National+Congress+of+the+Chinese+Communist+Party&rft.atitle=Official%3A+Dalai+Lama%27s+U.S.+award+not+to+affect+Tibet%27s+stability&rft.date=2007-10-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fenglish.peopledaily.com.cn%2F90001%2F90776%2F90883%2F6284184.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><a href="#cite_ref-103">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSamphel2015" class="citation web cs1">Samphel, Thubten (16 April 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tibet.net/the-dalai-lamas-china-experience-and-its-impact/">"The Dalai Lama's China Experience and Its Impact"</a>. tibet.net. Huffington Post. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230306151637/https://tibet.net/the-dalai-lamas-china-experience-and-its-impact/">Archived</a> from the original on 6 March 2023. Retrieved 17 August 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=tibet.net&rft.atitle=The+Dalai+Lama%27s+China+Experience+and+Its+Impact&rft.date=2015-04-16&rft.aulast=Samphel&rft.aufirst=Thubten&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftibet.net%2Fthe-dalai-lamas-china-experience-and-its-impact%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-104"><a href="#cite_ref-104">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDouglas1999" class="citation news cs1">Douglas, Ed (7 May 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/books/1999/may/08/books.guardianreview9">"The Dalai Lama: The lost horizons"</a>. The Guardian. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220610025745/https://www.theguardian.com/books/1999/may/08/books.guardianreview9">Archived</a> from the original on 10 June 2022. Retrieved 10 June 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=The+Dalai+Lama%3A+The+lost+horizons&rft.date=1999-05-07&rft.aulast=Douglas&rft.aufirst=Ed&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fbooks%2F1999%2Fmay%2F08%2Fbooks.guardianreview9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-105"><a href="#cite_ref-105">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBurns1996" class="citation news cs1">Burns, John F. (6 March 1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1996/03/06/world/dalai-lama-finds-china-s-threats-a-subject-for-humor-and-anxiety.html">"Dalai Lama Finds China's Threats A Subject for Humor and Anxiety"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022173733/https://www.nytimes.com/1996/03/06/world/dalai-lama-finds-china-s-threats-a-subject-for-humor-and-anxiety.html">Archived</a> from the original on 22 October 2019. Retrieved 22 October 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Dalai+Lama+Finds+China%27s+Threats+A+Subject+for+Humor+and+Anxiety&rft.date=1996-03-06&rft.aulast=Burns&rft.aufirst=John+F.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1996%2F03%2F06%2Fworld%2Fdalai-lama-finds-china-s-threats-a-subject-for-humor-and-anxiety.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-106"><a href="#cite_ref-106">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBakerPomfret1998" class="citation news cs1">Baker, Peter; Pomfret, John (11 November 1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/inatl/longterm/china/stories/dalai111198.htm">"Dalai Lama Delays Plan for Formal Talks With China"</a>. The Washington Post. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022221801/https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/inatl/longterm/china/stories/dalai111198.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 22 October 2019. Retrieved 22 October 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Dalai+Lama+Delays+Plan+for+Formal+Talks+With+China&rft.date=1998-11-11&rft.aulast=Baker&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.au=Pomfret%2C+John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fwp-srv%2Finatl%2Flongterm%2Fchina%2Fstories%2Fdalai111198.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-107"><a href="#cite_ref-107">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMartina2019" class="citation news cs1">Martina, Michael (25 May 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-usa-tibet/us-ambassador-urges-china-to-talk-to-the-dalai-lama-idUSKCN1SW01C">"U.S. ambassador urges China to talk to the Dalai Lama"</a>. Reuters. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200128150753/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-usa-tibet/us-ambassador-urges-china-to-talk-to-the-dalai-lama-idUSKCN1SW01C">Archived</a> from the original on 28 January 2020. Retrieved 28 January 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=U.S.+ambassador+urges+China+to+talk+to+the+Dalai+Lama&rft.date=2019-05-25&rft.aulast=Martina&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-china-usa-tibet%2Fus-ambassador-urges-china-to-talk-to-the-dalai-lama-idUSKCN1SW01C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-108"><a href="#cite_ref-108">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBlanchard2017" class="citation news cs1">Blanchard, Ben (21 October 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-congress-tibet/china-says-no-excuses-for-foreign-officials-meeting-dalai-lama-idUSKBN1CQ057">"China says no excuses for foreign officials meeting Dalai Lama"</a>. Reuters. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022173732/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-congress-tibet/china-says-no-excuses-for-foreign-officials-meeting-dalai-lama-idUSKBN1CQ057">Archived</a> from the original on 22 October 2019. Retrieved 22 October 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=China+says+no+excuses+for+foreign+officials+meeting+Dalai+Lama&rft.date=2017-10-21&rft.aulast=Blanchard&rft.aufirst=Ben&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-china-congress-tibet%2Fchina-says-no-excuses-for-foreign-officials-meeting-dalai-lama-idUSKBN1CQ057&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-109"><a href="#cite_ref-109">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMiglani2018" class="citation news cs1">Miglani, Sanjeev (29 March 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-india-china/dalai-lama-faces-cold-shoulder-as-india-looks-to-improve-china-ties-idUSKBN1H51O7">"Dalai Lama faces cold shoulder as India looks to improve China ties"</a>. Reuters. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022173733/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-india-china/dalai-lama-faces-cold-shoulder-as-india-looks-to-improve-china-ties-idUSKBN1H51O7">Archived</a> from the original on 22 October 2019. Retrieved 22 October 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Dalai+Lama+faces+cold+shoulder+as+India+looks+to+improve+China+ties&rft.date=2018-03-29&rft.aulast=Miglani&rft.aufirst=Sanjeev&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-india-china%2Fdalai-lama-faces-cold-shoulder-as-india-looks-to-improve-china-ties-idUSKBN1H51O7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-110"><a href="#cite_ref-110">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStobdan2019" class="citation news cs1">Stobdan, Phunchok (22 October 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://theprint.in/pageturner/excerpt/dalai-lama-at-centre-of-new-great-game-himalaya-india-china-tibet/308985/">"Dalai Lama is at the centre of a new great game in Himalayas between India, China & Tibet"</a>. The Print. Printline Media. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022140428/https://theprint.in/pageturner/excerpt/dalai-lama-at-centre-of-new-great-game-himalaya-india-china-tibet/308985/">Archived</a> from the original on 22 October 2019. Retrieved 22 October 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Dalai+Lama+is+at+the+centre+of+a+new+great+game+in+Himalayas+between+India%2C+China+%26+Tibet&rft.date=2019-10-22&rft.aulast=Stobdan&rft.aufirst=Phunchok&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftheprint.in%2Fpageturner%2Fexcerpt%2Fdalai-lama-at-centre-of-new-great-game-himalaya-india-china-tibet%2F308985%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-111"><a href="#cite_ref-111">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRamzy2016" class="citation news cs1">Ramzy, Austin (15 June 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2016/06/16/world/asia/obama-dalai-lama-meeting.html">"Obama and Dalai Lama Meet Over China's Objection"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022233610/https://www.nytimes.com/2016/06/16/world/asia/obama-dalai-lama-meeting.html">Archived</a> from the original on 22 October 2019. Retrieved 22 October 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Obama+and+Dalai+Lama+Meet+Over+China%27s+Objection&rft.date=2016-06-15&rft.aulast=Ramzy&rft.aufirst=Austin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2016%2F06%2F16%2Fworld%2Fasia%2Fobama-dalai-lama-meeting.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-112"><a href="#cite_ref-112">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWee2013" class="citation news cs1">Wee, Sui-Lee (27 June 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/asia/chinas-ban-on-displaying-dalai-lama-pictures-is-lifted-8677489.html">"China's ban on displaying Dalai Lama pictures is lifted"</a>. Reuters. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022175235/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/asia/chinas-ban-on-displaying-dalai-lama-pictures-is-lifted-8677489.html">Archived</a> from the original on 22 October 2019. Retrieved 22 October 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=China%27s+ban+on+displaying+Dalai+Lama+pictures+is+lifted&rft.date=2013-06-27&rft.aulast=Wee&rft.aufirst=Sui-Lee&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Fasia%2Fchinas-ban-on-displaying-dalai-lama-pictures-is-lifted-8677489.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-113"><a href="#cite_ref-113">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTenzin2019" class="citation news cs1">Tenzin, Kunsang (29 July 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rfa.org/english/news/tibet/photos-07292019165028.html">"Tibetans Beaten, Detained in Kardze Over Dalai Lama Photos"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Radio_Free_Asia" title="Radio Free Asia">Radio Free Asia</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191017200451/https://www.rfa.org/english/news/tibet/photos-07292019165028.html">Archived</a> from the original on 17 October 2019. Retrieved 22 October 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radio+Free+Asia&rft.atitle=Tibetans+Beaten%2C+Detained+in+Kardze+Over+Dalai+Lama+Photos&rft.date=2019-07-29&rft.aulast=Tenzin&rft.aufirst=Kunsang&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rfa.org%2Fenglish%2Fnews%2Ftibet%2Fphotos-07292019165028.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-114"><a href="#cite_ref-114">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://freetibet.org/news-media/na/severe-punishments-dalai-lama-photos">""Severe punishments" for Dalai Lama photos"</a>. Free Tibet. United Kingdom. 3 February 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022173744/https://freetibet.org/news-media/na/severe-punishments-dalai-lama-photos">Archived</a> from the original on 22 October 2019. Retrieved 22 October 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Free+Tibet&rft.atitle=%22Severe+punishments%22+for+Dalai+Lama+photos&rft.date=2016-02-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffreetibet.org%2Fnews-media%2Fna%2Fsevere-punishments-dalai-lama-photos&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-115"><a href="#cite_ref-115">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPatranobis2019" class="citation news cs1">Patranobis, Sutirtho (19 October 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hindustantimes.com/world-news/tibetan-graduates-need-to-expose-and-criticise-dalai-lama-for-chinese-govt-jobs/story-3DiVaJxfScyPUyibtvIcrK.html">"Tibetan graduates need to 'expose and criticise Dalai Lama' for Chinese government jobs"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Hindustan_Times" title="Hindustan Times">Hindustan Times</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191020235102/https://www.hindustantimes.com/world-news/tibetan-graduates-need-to-expose-and-criticise-dalai-lama-for-chinese-govt-jobs/story-3DiVaJxfScyPUyibtvIcrK.html">Archived</a> from the original on 20 October 2019. Retrieved 22 October 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hindustan+Times&rft.atitle=Tibetan+graduates+need+to+%27expose+and+criticise+Dalai+Lama%27+for+Chinese+government+jobs&rft.date=2019-10-19&rft.aulast=Patranobis&rft.aufirst=Sutirtho&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hindustantimes.com%2Fworld-news%2Ftibetan-graduates-need-to-expose-and-criticise-dalai-lama-for-chinese-govt-jobs%2Fstory-3DiVaJxfScyPUyibtvIcrK.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-116"><a href="#cite_ref-116">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPerlroth2012" class="citation news cs1">Perlroth, Nicole (29 March 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2012/03/30/technology/hacking-in-asia-is-linked-to-chinese-ex-graduate-student.html">"Case Based in China Puts a Face on Persistent Hacking"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191023055645/https://www.nytimes.com/2012/03/30/technology/hacking-in-asia-is-linked-to-chinese-ex-graduate-student.html">Archived</a> from the original on 23 October 2019. Retrieved 23 October 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Case+Based+in+China+Puts+a+Face+on+Persistent+Hacking&rft.date=2012-03-29&rft.aulast=Perlroth&rft.aufirst=Nicole&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2012%2F03%2F30%2Ftechnology%2Fhacking-in-asia-is-linked-to-chinese-ex-graduate-student.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-117"><a href="#cite_ref-117">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarkoff2009" class="citation news cs1">Markoff, John (28 March 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2009/03/29/technology/29spy.html">"Vast Spy System Loots Computers in 103 Countries"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090401224950/http://www.nytimes.com/2009/03/29/technology/29spy.html">Archived</a> from the original on 1 April 2009. Retrieved 22 October 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Vast+Spy+System+Loots+Computers+in+103+Countries&rft.date=2009-03-28&rft.aulast=Markoff&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2009%2F03%2F29%2Ftechnology%2F29spy.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-118"><a href="#cite_ref-118">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarkoff2009" class="citation news cs1">Markoff, John (11 May 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2009/05/12/science/12cyber.html">"Tracking Cyberspies Through the Web Wilderness"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022234433/https://www.nytimes.com/2009/05/12/science/12cyber.html">Archived</a> from the original on 22 October 2019. Retrieved 22 October 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Tracking+Cyberspies+Through+the+Web+Wilderness&rft.date=2009-05-11&rft.aulast=Markoff&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2009%2F05%2F12%2Fscience%2F12cyber.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-119"><a href="#cite_ref-119">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/7970471.stm">"Major cyber spy network uncovered"</a>. BBC News. 29 March 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120315213515/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/7970471.stm">Archived</a> from the original on 15 March 2012. Retrieved 22 October 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Major+cyber+spy+network+uncovered&rft.date=2009-03-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Famericas%2F7970471.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-120"><a href="#cite_ref-120">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBranigan2010" class="citation news cs1">Branigan, Tania (6 April 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2010/apr/06/cyber-spies-china-target-india">"Cyber-spies based in China target Indian government and Dalai Lama"</a>. The Guardian. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191023055646/https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2010/apr/06/cyber-spies-china-target-india">Archived</a> from the original on 23 October 2019. Retrieved 23 October 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Cyber-spies+based+in+China+target+Indian+government+and+Dalai+Lama&rft.date=2010-04-06&rft.aulast=Branigan&rft.aufirst=Tania&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Ftechnology%2F2010%2Fapr%2F06%2Fcyber-spies-china-target-india&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-121"><a href="#cite_ref-121">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarkoffBarboza2010" class="citation news cs1">Markoff, John; Barboza, David (5 April 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2010/04/06/science/06cyber.html?pagewanted=all">"Researchers Trace Data Theft to Intruders in China"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191023055654/https://www.nytimes.com/2010/04/06/science/06cyber.html?pagewanted=all">Archived</a> from the original on 23 October 2019. Retrieved 23 October 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Researchers+Trace+Data+Theft+to+Intruders+in+China&rft.date=2010-04-05&rft.aulast=Markoff&rft.aufirst=John&rft.au=Barboza%2C+David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2010%2F04%2F06%2Fscience%2F06cyber.html%3Fpagewanted%3Dall&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-The_New_York_Times-122"><a href="#cite_ref-The_New_York_Times_122-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPerlrothCongerMozur2019" class="citation news cs1">Perlroth, Nicole; Conger, Kate; Mozur, Paul (25 October 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2019/10/22/technology/china-hackers-ethnic-minorities.html">"China Sharpens Hacking to Hound Its Minorities, Far and Wide"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022091003/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/10/22/technology/china-hackers-ethnic-minorities.html">Archived</a> from the original on 22 October 2019. Retrieved 22 October 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=China+Sharpens+Hacking+to+Hound+Its+Minorities%2C+Far+and+Wide&rft.date=2019-10-25&rft.aulast=Perlroth&rft.aufirst=Nicole&rft.au=Conger%2C+Kate&rft.au=Mozur%2C+Paul&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2019%2F10%2F22%2Ftechnology%2Fchina-hackers-ethnic-minorities.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-123"><a href="#cite_ref-123">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.stripes.com/news/dalai-lama-opens-exhibit-of-tibetan-art-at-ueno-1.18977">"Dalai Lama opens exhibit of Tibetan art at Ueno"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Stars_and_Stripes_(newspaper)" title="Stars and Stripes (newspaper)">Stars and Stripes</a>. 28 September 1967. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210511134035/https://www.stripes.com/news/dalai-lama-opens-exhibit-of-tibetan-art-at-ueno-1.18977">Archived</a> from the original on 11 May 2021. Retrieved 11 May 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Stars+and+Stripes&rft.atitle=Dalai+Lama+opens+exhibit+of+Tibetan+art+at+Ueno&rft.date=1967-09-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.stripes.com%2Fnews%2Fdalai-lama-opens-exhibit-of-tibetan-art-at-ueno-1.18977&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-124"><a href="#cite_ref-124">^</a> The CIA's Secret War in Tibet, Kenneth Conboy, James Morrison, The University Press of Kansas, 2002. </li> <li id="cite_note-125"><a href="#cite_ref-125">^</a> Richardson (1984), p. 210. </li> <li id="cite_note-126"><a href="#cite_ref-126">^</a> "Witness: Reporting on the Dalai Lama's escape to India." Peter Jackson. Reuters. 27 February 2009.<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/reutersEdge/idUSTRE51Q4OB20090227">Witness: Reporting on the Dalai Lama's escape to India| Reuters</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090720072727/http://www.reuters.com/article/reutersEdge/idUSTRE51Q4OB20090227">Archived</a> 20 July 2009 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-127"><a href="#cite_ref-127">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090503142809/http://www.upi.com/Audio/Year_in_Review/Events-of-1971/12295509436546-1/">"Events of 1971"</a>. Year in Review. United Press International. 1971. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.upi.com/Audio/Year_in_Review/Events-of-1971/12295509436546-1/">the original</a> on 3 May 2009. Retrieved 28 August 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Year+in+Review&rft.atitle=Events+of+1971&rft.date=1971&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.upi.com%2FAudio%2FYear_in_Review%2FEvents-of-1971%2F12295509436546-1%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-LTWA-128"><a href="#cite_ref-LTWA_128-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080421150024/http://www.tibet.com/ltwa.html">"Library of Tibetan Works and Archives"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Tibet_in_Exile" class="mw-redirect" title="Government of Tibet in Exile">Government of Tibet in Exile</a>. 1997. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tibet.com/ltwa.html">the original</a> on 21 April 2008. Retrieved 23 September 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Library+of+Tibetan+Works+and+Archives&rft.pub=Government+of+Tibet+in+Exile&rft.date=1997&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tibet.com%2Fltwa.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-129"><a href="#cite_ref-129">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Bharat-Ratna-demanded-for-Dalai-Lama/articleshow/55877372.cms">"Bharat Ratna demanded for Dalai Lama"</a>. The Times of India. 8 December 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170109083901/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/bharat-ratna-demanded-for-dalai-lama/articleshow/55877372.cms">Archived</a> from the original on 9 January 2017. Retrieved 4 January 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+India&rft.atitle=Bharat+Ratna+demanded+for+Dalai+Lama&rft.date=2016-12-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftimesofindia.indiatimes.com%2Findia%2FBharat-Ratna-demanded-for-Dalai-Lama%2Farticleshow%2F55877372.cms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-130"><a href="#cite_ref-130">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/news/2021/jul/22/dalai-lama-inner-circle-listed-pegasus-project-data">"Dalai Lama's inner circle listed in Pegasus project data"</a>. <a href="/wiki/TheGuardian.com" class="mw-redirect" title="TheGuardian.com">TheGuardian.com</a>. 22 July 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210904190127/https://www.theguardian.com/news/2021/jul/22/dalai-lama-inner-circle-listed-pegasus-project-data">Archived</a> from the original on 4 September 2021. Retrieved 3 September 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=TheGuardian.com&rft.atitle=Dalai+Lama%27s+inner+circle+listed+in+Pegasus+project+data&rft.date=2021-07-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fnews%2F2021%2Fjul%2F22%2Fdalai-lama-inner-circle-listed-pegasus-project-data&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-131"><a href="#cite_ref-131">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.business-humanrights.org/en/latest-news/dalai-lamas-inner-circle-listed-in-pegasus-project-data/">"Dalai Lama's inner circle listed in Pegasus project data"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211125174233/https://www.business-humanrights.org/en/latest-news/dalai-lamas-inner-circle-listed-in-pegasus-project-data/">Archived</a> from the original on 25 November 2021. Retrieved 25 November 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dalai+Lama%27s+inner+circle+listed+in+Pegasus+project+data&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.business-humanrights.org%2Fen%2Flatest-news%2Fdalai-lamas-inner-circle-listed-in-pegasus-project-data%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-132"><a href="#cite_ref-132">^</a> From Article 31 of Charter of the Tibetans-in-exile 1991: "The Council of Regency shall exercise executive powers and authority in the following circumstances: (1)(a) of His Holiness the Dalai Lama has not assumed or retained the powers of the head of the Tibetan Administration and the executive functions therein;" </li> <li id="cite_note-133"><a href="#cite_ref-133">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2003/sep/05/china.lukeharding">Interview</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210211081911/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2003/sep/05/china.lukeharding">Archived</a> 11 February 2021 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> with <a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a>, 5 September 2003 </li> <li id="cite_note-134"><a href="#cite_ref-134">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYuxia2009" class="citation news cs1">Yuxia, Jiang (1 March 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110927193359/http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2009-03/01/content_10921943_3.htm">"Origin of the title of "Dalai Lama" and its related background"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Xinhua" class="mw-redirect" title="Xinhua">Xinhua</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2009-03/01/content_10921943_3.htm">the original</a> on 27 September 2011. Retrieved 28 August 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Origin+of+the+title+of+%22Dalai+Lama%22+and+its+related+background&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.aulast=Yuxia&rft.aufirst=Jiang&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.xinhuanet.com%2Fenglish%2F2009-03%2F01%2Fcontent_10921943_3.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-135"><a href="#cite_ref-135">^</a> Fagan, Geraldine. "Russia: How Many Missionaries Now Denied Visas'." Forum 18 News Service. Vol. 7. 2005. </li> <li id="cite_note-136"><a href="#cite_ref-136">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061218161849/http://archives.cnn.com/2001/WORLD/asiapcf/east/04/01/taiwan.dalailama.05/">"China keeps up attacks on Dalai Lama"</a>. CNN. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archives.cnn.com/2001/WORLD/asiapcf/east/04/01/taiwan.dalailama.05/">the original</a> on 18 December 2006.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN&rft.atitle=China+keeps+up+attacks+on+Dalai+Lama&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchives.cnn.com%2F2001%2FWORLD%2Fasiapcf%2Feast%2F04%2F01%2Ftaiwan.dalailama.05%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-137"><a href="#cite_ref-137">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://english.aljazeera.net/news/asia-pacific/2008/11/200811382944579283.html">"Dalai Lama admits Tibet failure"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Al_Jazeera_English" title="Al Jazeera English">Al Jazeera</a>. 3 November 2008. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090311172035/http://english.aljazeera.net/news/asia-pacific/2008/11/200811382944579283.html">Archived</a> from the original on 11 March 2009. Retrieved 28 August 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Dalai+Lama+admits+Tibet+failure&rft.date=2008-11-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fenglish.aljazeera.net%2Fnews%2Fasia-pacific%2F2008%2F11%2F200811382944579283.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-138"><a href="#cite_ref-138">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAFP2009" class="citation news cs1">AFP (31 August 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304200902/http://news.asiaone.com/News/Latest+News/Asia/Story/A1Story20090831-164580.html">"Protesters accuse Dalai Lama of staging 'political show' in Taiwan"</a>. asiaone news. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.asiaone.com/News/Latest+News/Asia/Story/A1Story20090831-164580.html">the original</a> on 4 March 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=asiaone+news&rft.atitle=Protesters+accuse+Dalai+Lama+of+staging+%27political+show%27+in+Taiwan&rft.date=2009-08-31&rft.au=AFP&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.asiaone.com%2FNews%2FLatest%2BNews%2FAsia%2FStory%2FA1Story20090831-164580.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-139"><a href="#cite_ref-139">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWang2009" class="citation news cs1">Wang, Amber (31 August 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.smh.com.au//breaking-news-world/dalai-lama-visits-taiwan-typhoon-victims-20090831-f4p7.html">"Dalai Lama visits Taiwan typhoon victims"</a>. The Sydney Morning Herald. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171019214943/http://www.smh.com.au//breaking-news-world/dalai-lama-visits-taiwan-typhoon-victims-20090831-f4p7.html">Archived</a> from the original on 19 October 2017. Retrieved 20 February 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Sydney+Morning+Herald&rft.atitle=Dalai+Lama+visits+Taiwan+typhoon+victims&rft.date=2009-08-31&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Amber&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.smh.com.au%2F%2Fbreaking-news-world%2Fdalai-lama-visits-taiwan-typhoon-victims-20090831-f4p7.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-140"><a href="#cite_ref-140">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStaff_Writers2009" class="citation news cs1">Staff Writers (31 August 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.terradaily.com/reports/Dalai_Lama_visits_Taiwan_typhoon_victims_amid_Chinese_anger_999.html">"Dalai Lama visits Taiwan typhoon victims amid Chinese anger"</a>. Terra Daily. Kaohsiung, Taiwan (AFP). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210211195725/https://www.terradaily.com/reports/Dalai_Lama_visits_Taiwan_typhoon_victims_amid_Chinese_anger_999.html">Archived</a> from the original on 11 February 2021. Retrieved 8 November 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Terra+Daily&rft.atitle=Dalai+Lama+visits+Taiwan+typhoon+victims+amid+Chinese+anger&rft.date=2009-08-31&rft.au=Staff+Writers&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.terradaily.com%2Freports%2FDalai_Lama_visits_Taiwan_typhoon_victims_amid_Chinese_anger_999.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-141"><a href="#cite_ref-141">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB125168355194471405">"Dalai Lama Visits Taiwan"</a>. The Wall Street Journal. 2 September 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210308194922/https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB125168355194471405">Archived</a> from the original on 8 March 2021. Retrieved 4 August 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=Dalai+Lama+Visits+Taiwan&rft.date=2009-09-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Farticles%2FSB125168355194471405&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-142"><a href="#cite_ref-142">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://en.unpacampaign.org/supporters/overview/?mapcountry=allnob&mapgroup=nob">"Overview"</a>. Campaign for a UN Parliamentary Assembly. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171019195947/http://en.unpacampaign.org/supporters/overview/?mapcountry=allnob&mapgroup=nob">Archived</a> from the original on 19 October 2017. Retrieved 21 September 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Campaign+for+a+UN+Parliamentary+Assembly&rft.atitle=Overview&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fen.unpacampaign.org%2Fsupporters%2Foverview%2F%3Fmapcountry%3Dallnob%26mapgroup%3Dnob&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Schedule-143"><a href="#cite_ref-Schedule_143-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dalailama.com/teachings/schedule">"Schedule"</a>. Office of the Dalai Lama. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150522055813/http://www.dalailama.com/teachings/schedule">Archived</a> from the original on 22 May 2015. Retrieved 19 May 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Schedule&rft.pub=Office+of+the+Dalai+Lama&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dalailama.com%2Fteachings%2Fschedule&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-144"><a href="#cite_ref-144">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131209033538/http://www.dalailama.com/webcasts/category/1">"Browse webcasts – Teachings"</a>. Office of the Dalai Lama. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dalailama.com/webcasts/category/1">the original</a> on 9 December 2013. Retrieved 19 May 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Browse+webcasts+%E2%80%93+Teachings&rft.pub=Office+of+the+Dalai+Lama&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdalailama.com%2Fwebcasts%2Fcategory%2F1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-145"><a href="#cite_ref-145">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKshipra_Simon2014" class="citation web cs1">Kshipra Simon (21 July 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150703140659/http://www.demotix.com/news/5330591/33rd-kalachakra-ladakh#media-5330334">"His Holiness Dalai Lama leading the 33rd Kalachakra World Peace Prayer in Ladakh"</a>. New Delhi, India: Demotix. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.demotix.com/news/5330591/33rd-kalachakra-ladakh#media-5330334">the original</a> (Photojournalism) on 3 July 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=His+Holiness+Dalai+Lama+leading+the+33rd+Kalachakra+World+Peace+Prayer+in+Ladakh.&rft.place=New+Delhi%2C+India&rft.pub=Demotix&rft.date=2014-07-21&rft.au=Kshipra+Simon&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.demotix.com%2Fnews%2F5330591%2F33rd-kalachakra-ladakh%23media-5330334&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Office_of_Dalai_Lama-146">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Office_of_Dalai_Lama_146-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Office_of_Dalai_Lama_146-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dalailama.com/teachings/kalachakra-initiations">"Kalachakra Initiations by His Holiness the Dalai Lama"</a>. Office of Dalai Lama. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091214213557/http://www.dalailama.com/teachings/kalachakra-initiations">Archived</a> from the original on 14 December 2009. Retrieved 19 May 2015. <q>List of</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Kalachakra+Initiations+by+His+Holiness+the+Dalai+Lama&rft.pub=Office+of+Dalai+Lama&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdalailama.com%2Fteachings%2Fkalachakra-initiations&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-147"><a href="#cite_ref-147">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAntonia_Blumberg2014" class="citation web cs1">Antonia Blumberg (7 July 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/07/07/dalai-lama-kalachakra_n_5564616.html">"Dalai Lama Delivers Kalachakra Buddhist Teaching To Thousands of Devotees"</a>. HuffPost. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171019215242/https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/07/07/dalai-lama-kalachakra_n_5564616.html">Archived</a> from the original on 19 October 2017. Retrieved 20 February 2020. <q>Roughly 150,000 devotees reportedly converged for the event</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=HuffPost&rft.atitle=Dalai+Lama+Delivers+Kalachakra+Buddhist+Teaching+To+Thousands+of+Devotees&rft.date=2014-07-07&rft.au=Antonia+Blumberg&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.com%2F2014%2F07%2F07%2Fdalai-lama-kalachakra_n_5564616.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-books-148"><a href="#cite_ref-books_148-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThe_Dalai_Lama" class="citation web cs1">The Dalai Lama. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dalailama.com/biography/books/">"Books (on Buddhism) by the Dalai Lama"</a>. Various. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150512011836/http://www.dalailama.com/biography/books">Archived</a> from the original on 12 May 2015. Retrieved 3 May 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Books+%28on+Buddhism%29+by+the+Dalai+Lama&rft.pub=Various&rft.au=The+Dalai+Lama&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dalailama.com%2Fbiography%2Fbooks%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-149"><a href="#cite_ref-149">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.shambhala.com/snowlion_articles/dzogchen-the-heart-essence-of-the-great-perfection/">"Dzogchen: The Heart Essence of the Great Perfection"</a>. Shambala Publications. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171019220405/https://www.shambhala.com/snowlion_articles/dzogchen-the-heart-essence-of-the-great-perfection/">Archived</a> from the original on 19 October 2017. Retrieved 3 May 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dzogchen%3A+The+Heart+Essence+of+the+Great+Perfection&rft.pub=Shambala+Publications&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.shambhala.com%2Fsnowlion_articles%2Fdzogchen-the-heart-essence-of-the-great-perfection%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-150"><a href="#cite_ref-150">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDalai_Lama_XIV1999" class="citation book cs1">Dalai Lama XIV (1999). The Ethic of Compassion. Riverhead Books. pp. 123–31.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Ethic+of+Compassion&rft.pages=123-31&rft.pub=Riverhead+Books&rft.date=1999&rft.au=Dalai+Lama+XIV&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-DLSch-151">^ <a href="#cite_ref-DLSch_151-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-DLSch_151-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-DLSch_151-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-DLSch_151-3">d</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dalailama.com/teachings/schedule">"Schedule"</a>. World-wide: Office of Dalai Lama. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150522055813/http://www.dalailama.com/teachings/schedule">Archived</a> from the original on 22 May 2015. Retrieved 3 May 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Schedule&rft.place=World-wide&rft.pub=Office+of+Dalai+Lama&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dalailama.com%2Fteachings%2Fschedule&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-152"><a href="#cite_ref-152">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150110134531/http://www.karuna.org.au/announcements/his-holiness-the-dalai-lama-in-brisbane">"His Holiness the Dalai Lama in Brisbane"</a>. 5 January 2015. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.karuna.org.au/announcements/his-holiness-the-dalai-lama-in-brisbane">the original</a> on 10 January 2015. <q>The Dalai Lama's Brisbane teaching will be based on the classic text, Nagarjuna's 'Precious Garland'</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=His+Holiness+the+Dalai+Lama+in+Brisbane&rft.date=2015-01-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.karuna.org.au%2Fannouncements%2Fhis-holiness-the-dalai-lama-in-brisbane&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-153"><a href="#cite_ref-153">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDonald_S_Lopez_Jr.2014" class="citation web cs1">Donald S Lopez Jr. (24 April 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://global.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/401601/Nagarjuna">"Nagarjuna"</a>. Encyclopædia Britannica. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140316140605/http://global.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/401601/Nagarjuna">Archived</a> from the original on 16 March 2014. Retrieved 3 May 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Nagarjuna&rft.pub=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.date=2014-04-24&rft.au=Donald+S+Lopez+Jr.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fglobal.britannica.com%2FEBchecked%2Ftopic%2F401601%2FNagarjuna&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-154"><a href="#cite_ref-154">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJamyang_Dorjee_Chakrishar" class="citation web cs1">Jamyang Dorjee Chakrishar. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150521052014/http://www.sherpaworld.com/show.php?at=1&sn=6805">"When Indian Pandit Kamalashila defeated China's Hashang in Tibet"</a>. Sherpa World. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sherpaworld.com/show.php?at=1&sn=6805">the original</a> on 21 May 2015. Retrieved 3 May 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=When+Indian+Pandit+Kamalashila+defeated+China%27s+Hashang+in+Tibet&rft.pub=Sherpa+World&rft.au=Jamyang+Dorjee+Chakrishar&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sherpaworld.com%2Fshow.php%3Fat%3D1%26sn%3D6805&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-155"><a href="#cite_ref-155">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160404054502/http://dalailamainaustralia.org/pages/?pageid=210">"Dalai Lama teaching Kamalashila text in Australia, 2008"</a>. Dalai Lama in Australia. 11 June 2008. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dalailamainaustralia.org/pages/?PageID=210">the original</a> on 4 April 2016. Retrieved 3 May 2015. <q>by reference to Kamalashila's text, His Holiness the Dalai Lama will demonstrate how the nature of awareness, developed through meditative practices can be transformed into the direct perceptual wisdom necessary to achieve enlightenment itself</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dalai+Lama+teaching+Kamalashila+text+in+Australia%2C+2008&rft.pub=Dalai+Lama+in+Australia&rft.date=2008-06-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dalailamainaustralia.org%2Fpages%2F%3FPageID%3D210&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-156"><a href="#cite_ref-156">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oscilloscope.net/films/film/51/Compassion-in-Emptiness">"Compassion in Emptiness: Dalai Lama Teaches Shantideva"</a> (DVD set). Oscilloscope. 7 May 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210226044123/http://www.oscilloscope.net/films/film/51/Compassion-in-Emptiness">Archived</a> from the original on 26 February 2021. Retrieved 3 May 2015. <q>In 2010, His Holiness traveled to New York City to teach A Commentary on Bodhicitta by Nagarjuna and A Guide to the Bodhisattva's Way of Life by Shantideva.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Compassion+in+Emptiness%3A+Dalai+Lama+Teaches+Shantideva&rft.pub=Oscilloscope&rft.date=2011-05-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oscilloscope.net%2Ffilms%2Ffilm%2F51%2FCompassion-in-Emptiness&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Atis-157">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Atis_157-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Atis_157-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPhuntsok_Yangchen2012" class="citation web cs1">Phuntsok Yangchen (1 October 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.phayul.com/news/article.aspx?id=32210">"Disciples from over 60 countries attend the Dalai Lama's teachings"</a>. Phayul.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150520175445/http://www.phayul.com/news/article.aspx?id=32210">Archived</a> from the original on 20 May 2015. Retrieved 3 May 2015. <q>The Dalai Lama today began his four-day teachings on Atisha's [text] 'Lamp for the Path to Enlightenment'</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Disciples+from+over+60+countries+attend+the+Dalai+Lama%27s+teachings&rft.pub=Phayul.com&rft.date=2012-10-01&rft.au=Phuntsok+Yangchen&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.phayul.com%2Fnews%2Farticle.aspx%3Fid%3D32210&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Arya-158"><a href="#cite_ref-Arya_158-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150521130539/http://www.shambhala.com/blog/shambhala/the-dalai-lamas-teaching-on-stages-of-meditation">"The Dalai Lama's Boston teachings"</a>. Shambala Publications. 17 October 2012. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.shambhala.com/blog/shambhala/the-dalai-lamas-teaching-on-stages-of-meditation">the original</a> on 21 May 2015. <q>Texts mentioned by His Holiness in his talk ... Aryadeva's 400 Stanzas of the Middle Way</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Dalai+Lama%27s+Boston+teachings&rft.pub=Shambala+Publications&rft.date=2012-10-17&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.shambhala.com%2Fblog%2Fshambhala%2Fthe-dalai-lamas-teaching-on-stages-of-meditation&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-159"><a href="#cite_ref-159">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="Mandala_Magazine" class="citation web cs1">James Blumenthal, PhD (July 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://fpmt.org/mandala/archives/mandala-for-2012/july/the-seventeen-pandits-of-nalanda-monastery/">"The Seventeen Pandits of Nalanda Monastery"</a> (Online Magazine). FPMT. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150407073629/http://fpmt.org/mandala/archives/mandala-for-2012/july/the-seventeen-pandits-of-nalanda-monastery/">Archived</a> from the original on 7 April 2015. Retrieved 19 May 2015. <q>he Dalai Lama frequently refers to himself as a follower of the lineage of the seventeen Nalanda masters today</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Seventeen+Pandits+of+Nalanda+Monastery&rft.pub=FPMT&rft.date=2012-07&rft.au=James+Blumenthal%2C+PhD&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffpmt.org%2Fmandala%2Farchives%2Fmandala-for-2012%2Fjuly%2Fthe-seventeen-pandits-of-nalanda-monastery%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-160"><a href="#cite_ref-160">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20160424082907/http://www.bodhimarga.org/meditation-teachings/the-nalanda-tradition/">"About the Seventeen Paṇḍitas of Nālandā"</a>. Bodhimarga. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bodhimarga.org/meditation-teachings/the-nalanda-tradition/">the original</a> on 24 April 2016. Retrieved 19 May 2015. <q>they came to shape the very meaning of Buddhist philosophy and religious practice, both in India and Tibet</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=About+the+Seventeen+Pa%E1%B9%87%E1%B8%8Ditas+of+N%C4%81land%C4%81&rft.pub=Bodhimarga&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bodhimarga.org%2Fmeditation-teachings%2Fthe-nalanda-tradition%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-161"><a href="#cite_ref-161">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDalai_Lama2001" class="citation web cs1">Dalai Lama (15 December 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://thubtenchodron.org/2001/12/nalanda-prayer/">"An invocation of the seventeen great sagely adepts of glorious Nalanda"</a> (Poetry). Bhikshuni Thubten Chodron. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210108112008/https://thubtenchodron.org/2001/12/nalanda-prayer/">Archived</a> from the original on 8 January 2021. Retrieved 19 May 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=An+invocation+of+the+seventeen+great+sagely+adepts+of+glorious+Nalanda&rft.pub=Bhikshuni+Thubten+Chodron&rft.date=2001-12-15&rft.au=Dalai+Lama&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fthubtenchodron.org%2F2001%2F12%2Fnalanda-prayer%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-162"><a href="#cite_ref-162">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150421012015/http://www.hindustantimes.com/himachalpradesh/tibetan-language-must-to-keep-nalanda-tradition-alive-dalai-lama/article1-1323860.aspx">"Tibetan language must to keep Nalanda tradition alive: Dalai Lama"</a>. Hindustan Times. Dharamsala. 7 March 2015. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hindustantimes.com/punjab/tibetan-language-must-to-keep-nalanda-tradition-alive-dalai-lama/article1-1323860.aspx">the original</a> on 21 April 2015. Retrieved 19 May 2015. <q>The unique quality of Tibetan Buddhism is that it is based on ancient India's Nalanda Buddhist tradition</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hindustan+Times&rft.atitle=Tibetan+language+must+to+keep+Nalanda+tradition+alive%3A+Dalai+Lama&rft.date=2015-03-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hindustantimes.com%2Fpunjab%2Ftibetan-language-must-to-keep-nalanda-tradition-alive-dalai-lama%2Farticle1-1323860.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-163"><a href="#cite_ref-163">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lamayeshe.com/index.php?sect=article&id=421">"A Survey of the Paths of Tibetan Buddhism"</a>. Lama Yeshe Wisdom Archive. 2 April 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150329181659/http://lamayeshe.com/index.php?sect=article&id=421">Archived</a> from the original on 29 March 2015. Retrieved 18 May 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+Survey+of+the+Paths+of+Tibetan+Buddhism&rft.pub=Lama+Yeshe+Wisdom+Archive&rft.date=2015-04-02&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lamayeshe.com%2Findex.php%3Fsect%3Darticle%26id%3D421&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-164"><a href="#cite_ref-164">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTseten_Samdup1996" class="citation web cs1">Tseten Samdup (7 July 1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tibet.ca/en/library/wtn/archive/old?y=1996&m=7&p=7_2">"His Holiness the Dalai Lama will visit the UK from July 15–22 1996"</a>. World Tibet Network News. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151006015128/http://www.tibet.ca/en/library/wtn/archive/old?y=1996&m=7&p=7_2">Archived</a> from the original on 6 October 2015. Retrieved 18 May 2015. <q>For the first time in the West, His Holiness the Dalai Lama will give two exclusive days of teaching on 17 and 18 July 1996 on the Four Noble Truths—the heart of the Buddha's teachings. This has been requested by The Network of Buddhist Organisations—a forum for dialogue and co-operation between Buddhist organisations in the UK.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=His+Holiness+the+Dalai+Lama+will+visit+the+UK+from+July+15%E2%80%9322+1996&rft.pub=World+Tibet+Network+News&rft.date=1996-07-07&rft.au=Tseten+Samdup&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tibet.ca%2Fen%2Flibrary%2Fwtn%2Farchive%2Fold%3Fy%3D1996%26m%3D7%26p%3D7_2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-165"><a href="#cite_ref-165">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dalailama.com/teachings">"Teachings"</a>. Office of Dalai Lama. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150421232032/http://www.dalailama.com/teachings">Archived</a> from the original on 21 April 2015. Retrieved 3 May 2015. <q>His Holiness has also been giving teachings in India at the request of various Buddhist devotees from Taiwan and Korea</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Teachings&rft.pub=Office+of+Dalai+Lama&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dalailama.com%2Fteachings&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-166"><a href="#cite_ref-166">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dalailamainaustralia.org/schedule/detail.aspx?ArtistID=19">"ONLINE DONATION FACILITY IS AVAILABLE"</a>. Dalai Lama in Australia. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150520040742/http://www.dalailamainaustralia.org/schedule/detail.aspx?ArtistID=19">Archived</a> from the original on 20 May 2015. Retrieved 3 May 2015. <q>Should there be any surplus funds from His Holiness' events, that surplus will be disbursed to charitable organizations under the advisement of His Holiness the Dalai Lama</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=ONLINE+DONATION+FACILITY+IS+AVAILABLE&rft.pub=Dalai+Lama+in+Australia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dalailamainaustralia.org%2Fschedule%2Fdetail.aspx%3FArtistID%3D19&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-167"><a href="#cite_ref-167">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMichael_Caddell2014" class="citation web cs1">Michael Caddell (9 September 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.princeton.edu/main/news/archive/S41/02/76E28/index.xml?section=topstories">"His Holiness the 14th Dalai Lama to give public talk at Princeton University"</a>. Princeton University. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150518071333/https://www.princeton.edu/main/news/archive/S41/02/76E28/index.xml?section=topstories">Archived</a> from the original on 18 May 2015. Retrieved 3 May 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=His+Holiness+the+14th+Dalai+Lama+to+give+public+talk+at+Princeton+University&rft.pub=Princeton+University&rft.date=2014-09-09&rft.au=Michael+Caddell&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.princeton.edu%2Fmain%2Fnews%2Farchive%2FS41%2F02%2F76E28%2Findex.xml%3Fsection%3Dtopstories&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-168"><a href="#cite_ref-168">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080506015358/http://www.dalailama.com/news.242.htm">"Dalai Lama Visits Colgate"</a>. The Office of His Holiness the Dalai Lama. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dalailama.com/news.242.htm">the original</a> on 6 May 2008. Retrieved 23 April 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dalai+Lama+Visits+Colgate&rft.pub=The+Office+of+His+Holiness+the+Dalai+Lama&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdalailama.com%2Fnews.242.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-169"><a href="#cite_ref-169">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100528021841/http://www3.lehigh.edu/dalailama/index.html">"Lehigh University: His Holiness the Dalai Lama"</a>. .lehigh.edu. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www3.lehigh.edu/dalaiLama/index.html">the original</a> on 28 May 2010. Retrieved 2 May 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Lehigh+University%3A+His+Holiness+the+Dalai+Lama&rft.pub=.lehigh.edu&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww3.lehigh.edu%2FdalaiLama%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-170"><a href="#cite_ref-170">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dalailama.umn.edu/">"The Dalai Lama"</a>. umn.edu. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111214020110/http://dalailama.umn.edu/">Archived</a> from the original on 14 December 2011. Retrieved 9 May 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Dalai+Lama&rft.pub=umn.edu&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dalailama.umn.edu%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-171"><a href="#cite_ref-171">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://themacweekly.com/2014/03/his-holiness-the-14th-dalai-lama-visits-macalester-speaks-to-over-3500/">"His Holiness the 14th Dalai Lama visits Macalester, speaks to over 3,500"</a>. The Mac Weekly. 7 March 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190714065914/https://themacweekly.com/2014/03/his-holiness-the-14th-dalai-lama-visits-macalester-speaks-to-over-3500/">Archived</a> from the original on 14 July 2019. Retrieved 9 March 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=His+Holiness+the+14th+Dalai+Lama+visits+Macalester%2C+speaks+to+over+3%2C500&rft.pub=The+Mac+Weekly&rft.date=2014-03-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fthemacweekly.com%2F2014%2F03%2Fhis-holiness-the-14th-dalai-lama-visits-macalester-speaks-to-over-3500%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-172"><a href="#cite_ref-172">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131009074232/http://www.dalailama.com/webcasts/category/4">"Public talks"</a>. Office of the Dalai Lama. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dalailama.com/webcasts/category/4">the original</a> (Video) on 9 October 2013. Retrieved 19 May 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Public+talks&rft.pub=Office+of+the+Dalai+Lama&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdalailama.com%2Fwebcasts%2Fcategory%2F4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-173"><a href="#cite_ref-173">^</a> Kamenetz, Rodger (1994)<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0060645741">The Jew in the Lotus</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211213185339/https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0060645741">Archived</a> 13 December 2021 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Harper Collins: 1994. </li> <li id="cite_note-174"><a href="#cite_ref-174">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBorelli2023" class="citation journal cs1">Borelli, John (2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dimmid.org/index.asp?Type=B_BASIC&SEC=%7b7F171057-4EB9-487F-9E54-5DC835955930%7d">"In Memoriam: Bishop Joseph John Gerry, O.S.B. (1928-2023)"</a>. Dilatato Corde. XIII (2 July - December). DIMMID. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240203141910/https://dimmid.org/index.asp?Type=B_BASIC&SEC=%7B7F171057-4EB9-487F-9E54-5DC835955930%7D">Archived</a> from the original on 3 February 2024. Retrieved 6 February 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Dilatato+Corde&rft.atitle=In+Memoriam%3A+Bishop+Joseph+John+Gerry%2C+O.S.B.+%281928-2023%29&rft.volume=XIII&rft.issue=2+July+-+December&rft.date=2023&rft.aulast=Borelli&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdimmid.org%2Findex.asp%3FType%3DB_BASIC%26SEC%3D%257b7F171057-4EB9-487F-9E54-5DC835955930%257d&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-175"><a href="#cite_ref-175">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFischer2002" class="citation web cs1">Fischer, Norman (Fall 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tricycle.org/magazine/conferences-second-gethsemani-encounter/">"On Conferences: The Second Gethsemani Encounter"</a>. Tricycle: The Buddhist Review. Tricycle. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240206165448/https://tricycle.org/magazine/conferences-second-gethsemani-encounter/">Archived</a> from the original on 6 February 2024. Retrieved 6 February 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Tricycle%3A+The+Buddhist+Review&rft.atitle=On+Conferences%3A+The+Second+Gethsemani+Encounter&rft.ssn=fall&rft.date=2002&rft.aulast=Fischer&rft.aufirst=Norman&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftricycle.org%2Fmagazine%2Fconferences-second-gethsemani-encounter%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-176"><a href="#cite_ref-176">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.elijah-interfaith.org/?id=729">"The Elijah Interfaith Institute – Buddhist Members of the Board of World Religious Leaders"</a>. Elijah-interfaith.org. 24 December 2006. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171019215252/http://www.elijah-interfaith.org/?id=729">Archived</a> from the original on 19 October 2017. Retrieved 17 July 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Elijah+Interfaith+Institute+%E2%80%93+Buddhist+Members+of+the+Board+of+World+Religious+Leaders&rft.pub=Elijah-interfaith.org&rft.date=2006-12-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.elijah-interfaith.org%2F%3Fid%3D729&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-177"><a href="#cite_ref-177">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131227160915/https://www.elijah-interfaith.org/programs/board-of-world-religious-leaders/third-meeting-of-the-bwrl.html">"Third Meeting of the Board of World Religious Leaders"</a>. Elijah-interfaith.org. 7 April 2013. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.elijah-interfaith.org/programs/board-of-world-religious-leaders/third-meeting-of-the-bwrl.html">the original</a> on 27 December 2013. Retrieved 17 July 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Third+Meeting+of+the+Board+of+World+Religious+Leaders&rft.pub=Elijah-interfaith.org&rft.date=2013-04-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.elijah-interfaith.org%2Fprograms%2Fboard-of-world-religious-leaders%2Fthird-meeting-of-the-bwrl.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-178"><a href="#cite_ref-178">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.indianexpress.com/news/dalai-Lama-inaugurates-6day-world-religions-.../407503">"Dalai Lama inaugurates 6-day world religions meet at Mahua"</a>. The Indian Express. 7 January 2009. Retrieved 2 May 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Indian+Express&rft.atitle=Dalai+Lama+inaugurates+6-day+world+religions+meet+at+Mahua&rft.date=2009-01-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.indianexpress.com%2Fnews%2Fdalai-Lama-inaugurates-6day-world-religions-...%2F407503&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-179"><a href="#cite_ref-179">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCanada_Tibet_Committee" class="citation web cs1">Canada Tibet Committee. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tibet.ca/en/newsroom/wtn/5137">"Dalai Lama to inaugurate inter-faith conference"</a>. Tibet.ca. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110610102745/http://www.tibet.ca/en/newsroom/wtn/5137">Archived</a> from the original on 10 June 2011. Retrieved 2 May 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dalai+Lama+to+inaugurate+inter-faith+conference&rft.pub=Tibet.ca&rft.au=Canada+Tibet+Committee&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tibet.ca%2Fen%2Fnewsroom%2Fwtn%2F5137&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-180"><a href="#cite_ref-180">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://islambuddhism.com/">"Islam and Buddhism"</a>. Islambuddhism.com. 12 May 2010. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180412172131/http://www.islambuddhism.com/">Archived</a> from the original on 12 April 2018. Retrieved 17 July 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Islam+and+Buddhism&rft.pub=Islambuddhism.com&rft.date=2010-05-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fislambuddhism.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-181"><a href="#cite_ref-181">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://islambuddhism.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=22:dalai-lama-muslim-leaders-seek-peace-in-bloomington&catid=6:in-the-news&Itemid=4">"Dalai Lama, Muslim Leaders Seek Peace in Bloomington"</a>. Islambuddhism.com. 31 May 2010. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131212214713/http://islambuddhism.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=22:dalai-lama-muslim-leaders-seek-peace-in-bloomington&catid=6:in-the-news&Itemid=4">Archived</a> from the original on 12 December 2013. Retrieved 17 July 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dalai+Lama%2C+Muslim+Leaders+Seek+Peace+in+Bloomington&rft.pub=Islambuddhism.com&rft.date=2010-05-31&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fislambuddhism.com%2Findex.php%3Foption%3Dcom_content%26view%3Darticle%26id%3D22%3Adalai-lama-muslim-leaders-seek-peace-in-bloomington%26catid%3D6%3Ain-the-news%26Itemid%3D4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-182"><a href="#cite_ref-182">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">Common Ground Between Islam and Buddhism. Louisville, KY.: Fons Vitae. 2010. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-891785-62-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-891785-62-7"><bdi>978-1-891785-62-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Common+Ground+Between+Islam+and+Buddhism&rft.place=Louisville%2C+KY.&rft.pub=Fons+Vitae&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-1-891785-62-7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-cdmw2019-183"><a href="#cite_ref-cdmw2019_183-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20210625081009/https://tibet.net/to-practise-one-religion-explicitly-is-to-practise-them-all-implicitly-at-the-internal-level-his-holiness-the-dalai-lama-at-celebrating-diversity-in-the-muslim-world-conference/">"His Holiness the Dalai Lama ushers religious harmony amongst Muslim communities at 'Celebrating Diversity in the Muslim World' Conference"</a>. Central Tibetan Administration. 15 June 2019. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tibet.net/to-practise-one-religion-explicitly-is-to-practise-them-all-implicitly-at-the-internal-level-his-holiness-the-dalai-lama-at-celebrating-diversity-in-the-muslim-world-conference/">the original</a> on 25 June 2021. Retrieved 25 June 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Central+Tibetan+Administration&rft.atitle=His+Holiness+the+Dalai+Lama+ushers+religious+harmony+amongst+Muslim+communities+at+%27Celebrating+Diversity+in+the+Muslim+World%27+Conference&rft.date=2019-06-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftibet.net%2Fto-practise-one-religion-explicitly-is-to-practise-them-all-implicitly-at-the-internal-level-his-holiness-the-dalai-lama-at-celebrating-diversity-in-the-muslim-world-conference%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-nyt-184">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nyt_184-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-nyt_184-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-nyt_184-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-nyt_184-3">d</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTenzin_Gyatso2005" class="citation news cs1">Tenzin Gyatso (12 November 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2005/11/12/opinion/12dalai.html?pagewanted=all&_r=1&">"Our Faith in Science"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140331071556/http://www.nytimes.com/2005/11/12/opinion/12dalai.html?pagewanted=all&_r=1&">Archived</a> from the original on 31 March 2014. Retrieved 5 February 2017. <q>Science has always fascinated me</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Our+Faith+in+Science&rft.date=2005-11-12&rft.au=Tenzin+Gyatso&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2005%2F11%2F12%2Fopinion%2F12dalai.html%3Fpagewanted%3Dall%26_r%3D1%26&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-185"><a href="#cite_ref-185">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMelissa_Rice2007" class="citation web cs1">Melissa Rice (3 October 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.news.cornell.edu/stories/2007/10/meeting-two-minds-carl-sagan-and-dalai-lama">"Carl Sagan and the Dalai Lama found deep connections in 1991–92 meetings, says Sagan's widow"</a>. Cormell University, Cornell Chronicle. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150516064128/http://www.news.cornell.edu/stories/2007/10/meeting-two-minds-carl-sagan-and-dalai-lama">Archived</a> from the original on 16 May 2015. Retrieved 6 May 2015. <q>The Dalai Lama, who has had a lifelong interest in science</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Carl+Sagan+and+the+Dalai+Lama+found+deep+connections+in+1991%E2%80%9392+meetings%2C+says+Sagan%27s+widow&rft.pub=Cormell+University%2C+Cornell+Chronicle&rft.date=2007-10-03&rft.au=Melissa+Rice&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.news.cornell.edu%2Fstories%2F2007%2F10%2Fmeeting-two-minds-carl-sagan-and-dalai-lama&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Grnd-186">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Grnd_186-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Grnd_186-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Grnd_186-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJames_Kingsland2014" class="citation web cs1">James Kingsland (3 November 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/science/blog/2014/nov/03/dalai-lama-scientists-boston-international-symposium-contemplative-studies">"Dalai Lama enlightens and enraptures contemplative scientists in Boston"</a>. The Guardian. Boston, USA. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210105142140/https://www.theguardian.com/science/blog/2014/nov/03/dalai-lama-scientists-boston-international-symposium-contemplative-studies">Archived</a> from the original on 5 January 2021. Retrieved 10 December 2016. <q>Asked how his interest in science originally developed he said he'd been fascinated by technology since childhood, recalling a clockwork toy British soldier with a gun that he played with for a few days before taking apart to see how it worked. He described how as a young man visiting China he was excited to be shown around hydroelectric dams and metal smelting works</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Dalai+Lama+enlightens+and+enraptures+contemplative+scientists+in+Boston&rft.date=2014-11-03&rft.au=James+Kingsland&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fscience%2Fblog%2F2014%2Fnov%2F03%2Fdalai-lama-scientists-boston-international-symposium-contemplative-studies&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-itm-187">^ <a href="#cite_ref-itm_187-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-itm_187-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-itm_187-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-itm_187-3">d</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150219190156/http://investigatingthemind.org/hhdl.science.html">"The Dalai Lama and Western Science"</a>. Mind and Life Institute. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.investigatingthemind.org/hhdl.science.html">the original</a> on 19 February 2015. Retrieved 6 May 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Dalai+Lama+and+Western+Science&rft.pub=Mind+and+Life+Institute&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.investigatingthemind.org%2Fhhdl.science.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-188"><a href="#cite_ref-188">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKyle2008" class="citation web cs1">Kyle, Bobbie L. (28 March 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usnews.com/news/world/articles/2008/03/28/10-things-you-didnt-know-about-the-dalai-lama">"10 Things You Didn't Know About the Dalai Lama"</a>. The U.S. News & World Report. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210106024738/https://www.usnews.com/news/world/articles/2008/03/28/10-things-you-didnt-know-about-the-dalai-lama">Archived</a> from the original on 6 January 2021. Retrieved 22 August 2017. <q>The Dalai Lama has an interest in machines, which he developed as a young boy. As a teenager he repaired a movie projector by himself, without its guide or any instructions. He has been known to say that he would have become an engineer if he hadn't been a monk</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=10+Things+You+Didn%27t+Know+About+the+Dalai+Lama&rft.pub=The+U.S.+News+%26+World+Report&rft.date=2008-03-28&rft.aulast=Kyle&rft.aufirst=Bobbie+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usnews.com%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Farticles%2F2008%2F03%2F28%2F10-things-you-didnt-know-about-the-dalai-lama&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-MITTR-189"><a href="#cite_ref-MITTR_189-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCurt_Newton2004" class="citation web cs1">Curt Newton (1 February 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.technologyreview.com/news/402450/meditation-and-the-brain/">"Meditation and the Brain"</a>. technologyreview.com. MIT Technology Review. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150412070955/http://www.technologyreview.com/news/402450/meditation-and-the-brain/">Archived</a> from the original on 12 April 2015. Retrieved 16 May 2015. <q>The Dalai Lama notes that both traditions encourage challenging dogma based on observation and analysis, and a willingness to revise views based on empirical evidence.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=technologyreview.com&rft.atitle=Meditation+and+the+Brain&rft.date=2004-02-01&rft.au=Curt+Newton&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.technologyreview.com%2Fnews%2F402450%2Fmeditation-and-the-brain%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-190"><a href="#cite_ref-190">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="BD_122" class="citation web cs1">Vincent Horn. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150504061533/http://www.buddhistgeeks.com/2009/05/bg-122-the-evolution-of-the-mind-and-life-dialogues/">"The Evolution of the Mind and Life Dialogues"</a>. Buddhist Geeks. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.buddhistgeeks.com/2009/05/bg-122-the-evolution-of-the-mind-and-life-dialogues/">the original</a> (Podcast Interview, transcription) on 4 May 2015. Retrieved 9 May 2015. <q>This week, Adam Engle, the business mastermind behind the Mind and Life Institute, joins us to discuss both the evolution of the project as well as its larger impact</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Evolution+of+the+Mind+and+Life+Dialogues&rft.pub=Buddhist+Geeks&rft.au=Vincent+Horn&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.buddhistgeeks.com%2F2009%2F05%2Fbg-122-the-evolution-of-the-mind-and-life-dialogues%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-191"><a href="#cite_ref-191">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBegley,_Sharon2007" class="citation book cs1">Begley, Sharon (2007). "1". Train Your Mind, Change Your Brain (2008 Paperback ed.). New York: Random House. p. 19. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-345-47989-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-345-47989-1"><bdi>978-0-345-47989-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=1&rft.btitle=Train+Your+Mind%2C+Change+Your+Brain&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=19&rft.edition=2008+Paperback&rft.pub=Random+House&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-345-47989-1&rft.au=Begley%2C+Sharon&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-TYM1-192">^ <a href="#cite_ref-TYM1_192-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-TYM1_192-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-TYM1_192-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBegley,_Sharon2007" class="citation book cs1">Begley, Sharon (2007). "1". Train Your Mind, Change Your Brain (2008 Paperback ed.). New York: Random House. pp. 20–22. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-345-47989-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-345-47989-1"><bdi>978-0-345-47989-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=1&rft.btitle=Train+Your+Mind%2C+Change+Your+Brain&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=20-22&rft.edition=2008+Paperback&rft.pub=Random+House&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-345-47989-1&rft.au=Begley%2C+Sharon&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-193"><a href="#cite_ref-193">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mindandlife.org/mission/">"Mission"</a>. Mind and Life Institute. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200821123151/https://www.mindandlife.org/mission/">Archived</a> from the original on 21 August 2020. Retrieved 6 May 2015. <q>Mind and Life emerged in 1987 from a meeting of three visionaries: Tenzin Gyatso, the 14th Dalai Lama – the spiritual leader of the Tibetan people and a global advocate for compassion; Adam Engle, a lawyer and entrepreneur; and Francisco Varela, a neuroscientist</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mission&rft.pub=Mind+and+Life+Institute&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mindandlife.org%2Fmission%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-BG122-194">^ <a href="#cite_ref-BG122_194-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BG122_194-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="BD_122" class="citation web cs1">Vincent Horn. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150504061533/http://www.buddhistgeeks.com/2009/05/bg-122-the-evolution-of-the-mind-and-life-dialogues/">"The Evolution of the Mind and Life Dialogues"</a>. Buddhist Geeks. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.buddhistgeeks.com/2009/05/bg-122-the-evolution-of-the-mind-and-life-dialogues/">the original</a> on 4 May 2015. Retrieved 9 May 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Evolution+of+the+Mind+and+Life+Dialogues&rft.pub=Buddhist+Geeks&rft.au=Vincent+Horn&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.buddhistgeeks.com%2F2009%2F05%2Fbg-122-the-evolution-of-the-mind-and-life-dialogues%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-195"><a href="#cite_ref-195">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/104960.Gentle_Bridges">"Gentle Bridges: Conversations with the Dalai Lama on the Sciences of Mind"</a>. Shambala. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151205213514/https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/104960.Gentle_Bridges">Archived</a> from the original on 5 December 2015. Retrieved 6 May 2015. <q>a historic meeting that took place between several prominent Western scientists and the Dalai Lama</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Gentle+Bridges%3A+Conversations+with+the+Dalai+Lama+on+the+Sciences+of+Mind&rft.pub=Shambala&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.goodreads.com%2Fbook%2Fshow%2F104960.Gentle_Bridges&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-196"><a href="#cite_ref-196">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150518072135/https://www.mindandlife.org/dialogues-dalai-lama/">"Past Dialogues"</a>. Mind and Life Institute. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mindandlife.org/dialogues-dalai-lama/">the original</a> on 18 May 2015. Retrieved 6 May 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Past+Dialogues&rft.pub=Mind+and+Life+Institute&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mindandlife.org%2Fdialogues-dalai-lama%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-197"><a href="#cite_ref-197">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://thecenter.mit.edu/about/mission/">"The Dalai Lama Centre for Ethics and Transformative Values"</a>. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150518095704/http://thecenter.mit.edu/about/mission/">Archived</a> from the original on 18 May 2015. Retrieved 7 May 2015. <q>The Center focuses on the development of interdisciplinary research and programs in varied fields of knowledge, from science and technology to education and international relations</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Dalai+Lama+Centre+for+Ethics+and+Transformative+Values&rft.pub=Massachusetts+Institute+of+Technology&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fthecenter.mit.edu%2Fabout%2Fmission%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-198"><a href="#cite_ref-198">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150220020049/http://investigatingthemind.org/about.sponsors.html">"The Science and Clinical Applications of Meditation"</a>. Mind and Life XIII. 2005. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.investigatingthemind.org/about.sponsors.html">the original</a> on 20 February 2015. <q>Johns Hopkins is one of the world's premier centers for scholarship, research and patient care</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Science+and+Clinical+Applications+of+Meditation&rft.pub=Mind+and+Life+XIII&rft.date=2005&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.investigatingthemind.org%2Fabout.sponsors.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-199"><a href="#cite_ref-199">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://newsnetwork.mayoclinic.org/discussion/his-holiness-the-dalai-lama-to-give-special-presentation-at-mayo-clinic/?_ga=1.228989404.1318053370.1426080660">"His Holiness the Dalai Lama to Give Special Presentation at Mayo Clinic"</a>. Mayo Clinic. 20 April 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304024909/http://newsnetwork.mayoclinic.org/discussion/his-holiness-the-dalai-lama-to-give-special-presentation-at-mayo-clinic/?_ga=1.228989404.1318053370.1426080660">Archived</a> from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 7 May 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=His+Holiness+the+Dalai+Lama+to+Give+Special+Presentation+at+Mayo+Clinic&rft.pub=Mayo+Clinic&rft.date=2012-04-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnewsnetwork.mayoclinic.org%2Fdiscussion%2Fhis-holiness-the-dalai-lama-to-give-special-presentation-at-mayo-clinic%2F%3F_ga%3D1.228989404.1318053370.1426080660&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-200"><a href="#cite_ref-200">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTenzin_Gyatso2005" class="citation web cs1">Tenzin Gyatso (12 November 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dalailama.com/messages/buddhism/science-at-the-crossroads">"Science at the Crossroads"</a>. Washington DC: Office of Dalai Lama. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150429161612/http://www.dalailama.com/messages/buddhism/science-at-the-crossroads">Archived</a> from the original on 29 April 2015. Retrieved 7 May 2015. <q>I am also grateful to the numerous eminent scientists with whom I have had the privilege of engaging in conversations through the auspices of the Mind and Life Institute which initiated the Mind and Life conferences that began in 1987 at my residence in Dharamsala, India. These dialogues have continued over the years and in fact the latest Mind and Life dialogue concluded here in Washington just this week.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Science+at+the+Crossroads&rft.place=Washington+DC&rft.pub=Office+of+Dalai+Lama&rft.date=2005-11-12&rft.au=Tenzin+Gyatso&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dalailama.com%2Fmessages%2Fbuddhism%2Fscience-at-the-crossroads&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-201"><a href="#cite_ref-201">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150518072135/https://www.mindandlife.org/dialogues-dalai-lama/">"Dialogues with the Dalai Lama"</a>. Mind and Life Institute. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mindandlife.org/dialogues-dalai-lama/">the original</a> on 18 May 2015. Retrieved 6 May 2015. <q>These Dialogues will expand as Mind and Life grows to include Europe, Asia, and beyond</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dialogues+with+the+Dalai+Lama&rft.pub=Mind+and+Life+Institute&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mindandlife.org%2Fdialogues-dalai-lama%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-pdf-202">^ <a href="#cite_ref-pdf_202-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-pdf_202-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dropbox.com/sh/gns1ff0ziu9ikx3/AAAH3rqan1jP_RyksNVOYl0Da/MLI%2025%20years%20of%20Accomplishment.pdf?dl=0">"A 25 Years History of Accomplishment"</a> (PDF). Mind and Life Institute. 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211213185342/https://www.dropbox.com/sh/gns1ff0ziu9ikx3/AAAH3rqan1jP_RyksNVOYl0Da/MLI%2025%20years%20of%20Accomplishment.pdf?dl=0">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 13 December 2021. Retrieved 6 May 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+25+Years+History+of+Accomplishment&rft.pub=Mind+and+Life+Institute&rft.date=2012&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dropbox.com%2Fsh%2Fgns1ff0ziu9ikx3%2FAAAH3rqan1jP_RyksNVOYl0Da%2FMLI%252025%2520years%2520of%2520Accomplishment.pdf%3Fdl%3D0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-203"><a href="#cite_ref-203">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150219190156/http://investigatingthemind.org/hhdl.science.html">"The Dalai Lama and Western Science"</a>. Mind and Life Institute. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.investigatingthemind.org/hhdl.science.html">the original</a> on 19 February 2015. Retrieved 6 May 2015. <q>he has led a campaign to introduce basic science education in Tibetan Buddhist monastic colleges and academic centers, and has encouraged Tibetan scholars to engage with science as a way of revitalizing the Tibetan philosophical tradition</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Dalai+Lama+and+Western+Science&rft.pub=Mind+and+Life+Institute&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.investigatingthemind.org%2Fhhdl.science.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-204"><a href="#cite_ref-204">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150518083919/https://tibet.emory.edu/news-and-media/news/2014/emory-tibet-science-initiative-receives-1-million-grant-from-dalai-lama-trust/index.html">"Emory-Tibet Science Initiative receives $1 million grant from Dalai Lama Trust"</a>. Georgia, USA: Emory University. 2014. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tibet.emory.edu/news-and-media/news/2014/emory-tibet-science-initiative-receives-1-million-grant-from-dalai-lama-trust/index.html">the original</a> on 18 May 2015. <q>For more than 30 years I have been engaged in an ongoing exchange with scientists, exploring what modern scientific knowledge and time-honored science of mind embodied by the Tibetan tradition can bring to each other's understanding of reality</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Emory-Tibet+Science+Initiative+receives+%241+million+grant+from+Dalai+Lama+Trust&rft.place=Georgia%2C+USA&rft.pub=Emory+University&rft.date=2014&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftibet.emory.edu%2Fnews-and-media%2Fnews%2F2014%2Femory-tibet-science-initiative-receives-1-million-grant-from-dalai-lama-trust%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-205"><a href="#cite_ref-205">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ccare.stanford.edu/about/people/patron-committee/#150">"His Holiness the XIVth Dalai Lama, Tenzin Gyatso Founding Patron, CCARE"</a>. Palo Alto, California: Stanford University School of Medicine. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150518064949/http://ccare.stanford.edu/about/people/patron-committee/#150">Archived</a> from the original on 18 May 2015. Retrieved 7 May 2015. <q>He has been a strong supporter of the neurosciences for over two decades. His Holiness is a benefactor of CCARE having personally provided the largest sum he has ever given to scientific research</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=His+Holiness+the+XIVth+Dalai+Lama%2C+Tenzin+Gyatso+Founding+Patron%2C+CCARE&rft.place=Palo+Alto%2C+California&rft.pub=Stanford+University+School+of+Medicine&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fccare.stanford.edu%2Fabout%2Fpeople%2Fpatron-committee%2F%23150&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-206"><a href="#cite_ref-206">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150507230519/http://www.investigatinghealthyminds.org/">"Our History"</a>. Madison, Wisconsin, USA: University of Wisconsin-Madison. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.investigatinghealthyminds.org/">the original</a> on 7 May 2015. Retrieved 7 May 2015. <q>In 1992, the Dalai Lama personally challenged Dr. Davidson to investigate how well-being could be nurtured through the insights from neuroscience. His Holiness believes that "All humans have an innate desire to overcome suffering and find happiness." This launched a robust series of research studies and new discoveries have emerged about how the mind works and how well-being can be cultivated.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Our+History&rft.place=Madison%2C+Wisconsin%2C+USA&rft.pub=University+of+Wisconsin-Madison&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.investigatinghealthyminds.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-207"><a href="#cite_ref-207">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.emory.edu/stories/2019/04/upress_see_learning/campus.html">"Emory University launches global Social, Emotional and Ethical Learning program"</a>. news.emory.edu. 2 April 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190608221026/http://news.emory.edu/stories/2019/04/upress_see_learning/campus.html">Archived</a> from the original on 8 June 2019. Retrieved 12 June 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=news.emory.edu&rft.atitle=Emory+University+launches+global+Social%2C+Emotional+and+Ethical+Learning+program&rft.date=2019-04-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.emory.edu%2Fstories%2F2019%2F04%2Fupress_see_learning%2Fcampus.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-208"><a href="#cite_ref-208">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMohan2019" class="citation web cs1">Mohan, Shriya (12 April 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/blink/know/emory-university-and-the-dalai-lama-trusts-see-learning-launch-is-curriculum-for-the-education-of-the-heart-and-mind/article26808514.ece">"SEE learning and why we need compassionate classrooms"</a>. @businessline. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200218112830/https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/blink/know/emory-university-and-the-dalai-lama-trusts-see-learning-launch-is-curriculum-for-the-education-of-the-heart-and-mind/article26808514.ece">Archived</a> from the original on 18 February 2020. Retrieved 12 June 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%40businessline&rft.atitle=SEE+learning+and+why+we+need+compassionate+classrooms&rft.date=2019-04-12&rft.aulast=Mohan&rft.aufirst=Shriya&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thehindubusinessline.com%2Fblink%2Fknow%2Femory-university-and-the-dalai-lama-trusts-see-learning-launch-is-curriculum-for-the-education-of-the-heart-and-mind%2Farticle26808514.ece&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-209"><a href="#cite_ref-209">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://seelearning.emory.edu/">"Home – SEE Learning"</a>. seelearning.emory.edu. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191030202827/https://seelearning.emory.edu/">Archived</a> from the original on 30 October 2019. Retrieved 12 June 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=seelearning.emory.edu&rft.atitle=Home+%E2%80%93+SEE+Learning&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fseelearning.emory.edu%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-210"><a href="#cite_ref-210">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKhando2019" class="citation news cs1">Khando, Tenzin (4 April 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/services/education/dalai-lama-to-launch-emory-universitys-see-learning-program-in-new-delhi/articleshow/68727865.cms">"Dalai Lama to launch Emory University's SEE Learning program in New Delhi"</a>. The Economic Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190527115723/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/services/education/dalai-lama-to-launch-emory-universitys-see-learning-program-in-new-delhi/articleshow/68727865.cms">Archived</a> from the original on 27 May 2019. Retrieved 12 June 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Economic+Times&rft.atitle=Dalai+Lama+to+launch+Emory+University%27s+SEE+Learning+program+in+New+Delhi&rft.date=2019-04-04&rft.aulast=Khando&rft.aufirst=Tenzin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Feconomictimes.indiatimes.com%2Findustry%2Fservices%2Feducation%2Fdalai-lama-to-launch-emory-universitys-see-learning-program-in-new-delhi%2Farticleshow%2F68727865.cms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-211"><a href="#cite_ref-211">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDalai_Lama2005" class="citation book cs1">Dalai Lama (2005). The Universe in a Single Atom (First Large Print ed.). New York: Random House. p. 3. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-375-72845-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-375-72845-7"><bdi>978-0-375-72845-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Universe+in+a+Single+Atom&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=3&rft.edition=First+Large+Print&rft.pub=Random+House&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-0-375-72845-7&rft.au=Dalai+Lama&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-212"><a href="#cite_ref-212">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJames_Kingsland2014" class="citation web cs1">James Kingsland (3 November 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/science/blog/2014/nov/03/dalai-lama-scientists-boston-international-symposium-contemplative-studies">"Dalai Lama enlightens and enraptures contemplative scientists in Boston"</a>. The Guardian. Boston, USA. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210105142140/https://www.theguardian.com/science/blog/2014/nov/03/dalai-lama-scientists-boston-international-symposium-contemplative-studies">Archived</a> from the original on 5 January 2021. Retrieved 10 December 2016. <q>He ... had long since abandoned Buddhist ideas about cosmology after reading about the findings of modern astronomers</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Dalai+Lama+enlightens+and+enraptures+contemplative+scientists+in+Boston&rft.date=2014-11-03&rft.au=James+Kingsland&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fscience%2Fblog%2F2014%2Fnov%2F03%2Fdalai-lama-scientists-boston-international-symposium-contemplative-studies&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-213"><a href="#cite_ref-213">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLethe_Guo2013" class="citation web cs1">Lethe Guo (18 December 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151005160313/http://eng.tibet.cn/2010zj/zjhd/201312/t20131219_1960457.html">"High-end dialogue: ancient Buddhism and modern science"</a>. China Tibet Online. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://eng.tibet.cn/2010zj/zjhd/201312/t20131219_1960457.html">the original</a> on 5 October 2015. <q>crossover between Buddhism and science has become a hot topic in the academic and cultural circles over the recent decades</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=High-end+dialogue%3A+ancient+Buddhism+and+modern+science&rft.pub=China+Tibet+Online&rft.date=2013-12-18&rft.au=Lethe+Guo&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Feng.tibet.cn%2F2010zj%2Fzjhd%2F201312%2Ft20131219_1960457.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-214"><a href="#cite_ref-214">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tibet.net/dalai-lama-on-analytic-meditation-and-how-it-helps-cultivate-positivity/">"Dalai Lama on Analytic Meditation And How It Helps Cultivate Positivity"</a>. February 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200328161317/https://tibet.net/dalai-lama-on-analytic-meditation-and-how-it-helps-cultivate-positivity/">Archived</a> from the original on 28 March 2020. Retrieved 28 March 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dalai+Lama+on+Analytic+Meditation+And+How+It+Helps+Cultivate+Positivity&rft.date=2017-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftibet.net%2Fdalai-lama-on-analytic-meditation-and-how-it-helps-cultivate-positivity%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-215"><a href="#cite_ref-215">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hackspirit.com/dalai-lama-reveals-practice-meditation-properly/">"The Dalai Lama Reveals How to Practice Meditation Properly – Hack Spirit"</a>. 3 May 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210415013407/https://hackspirit.com/dalai-lama-reveals-practice-meditation-properly/">Archived</a> from the original on 15 April 2021. Retrieved 8 May 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Dalai+Lama+Reveals+How+to+Practice+Meditation+Properly+%E2%80%93+Hack+Spirit&rft.date=2017-05-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhackspirit.com%2Fdalai-lama-reveals-practice-meditation-properly%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-216"><a href="#cite_ref-216">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://centerhealthyminds.org/news/the-dalai-lama-and-scientists-unite-to-study-meditation">"The Dalai Lama and Scientists Unite to Study Meditation"</a>. centerhealthyminds.org. Center for Healthy Minds University of Wisconsin–Madison. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221017013232/https://centerhealthyminds.org/news/the-dalai-lama-and-scientists-unite-to-study-meditation">Archived</a> from the original on 17 October 2022. Retrieved 17 October 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=centerhealthyminds.org&rft.atitle=The+Dalai+Lama+and+Scientists+Unite+to+Study+Meditation&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcenterhealthyminds.org%2Fnews%2Fthe-dalai-lama-and-scientists-unite-to-study-meditation&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-217"><a href="#cite_ref-217">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCampbell2019" class="citation web cs1">Campbell, Charlie (7 March 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://time.com/longform/dalai-lama-60-year-exile/">"The Dalai Lama Has Been the Face of Buddhism for 60 Years. China Wants to Change That"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210917223508/https://time.com/longform/dalai-lama-60-year-exile/">Archived</a> from the original on 17 September 2021. Retrieved 17 September 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Dalai+Lama+Has+Been+the+Face+of+Buddhism+for+60+Years.+China+Wants+to+Change+That&rft.date=2019-03-07&rft.aulast=Campbell&rft.aufirst=Charlie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftime.com%2Flongform%2Fdalai-lama-60-year-exile%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-218"><a href="#cite_ref-218">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.cecc.gov/publications/commission-analysis/dalai-lama-tibet-is-a-part-of-the-peoples-republic-of-china">https://www.cecc.gov/publications/commission-analysis/dalai-lama-tibet-is-a-part-of-the-peoples-republic-of-china</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240119134644/https://www.cecc.gov/publications/commission-analysis/dalai-lama-tibet-is-a-part-of-the-peoples-republic-of-china">Archived</a> 19 January 2024 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> DALAI LAMA: "TIBET IS A PART OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA </li> <li id="cite_note-219"><a href="#cite_ref-219">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPTI2017" class="citation web cs1">PTI (23 November 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thequint.com/news/politics/dalai-lama-tibet-china-development">"Tibet Wants to Stay With China, Seeks Development: Dalai Lama"</a>. TheQuint. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211205021015/https://www.thequint.com/news/politics/dalai-lama-tibet-china-development">Archived</a> from the original on 5 December 2021. Retrieved 5 December 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=TheQuint&rft.atitle=Tibet+Wants+to+Stay+With+China%2C+Seeks+Development%3A+Dalai+Lama&rft.date=2017-11-23&rft.au=PTI&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thequint.com%2Fnews%2Fpolitics%2Fdalai-lama-tibet-china-development&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-220"><a href="#cite_ref-220">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFXia" class="citation web cs1">Xia, Xiaohua. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201002230324/https://www.rfa.org/mandarin/yataibaodao/shaoshuminzu/hx1-10022020091411.html">"The Dalai Lama emphasizes that he does not support Tibetan independence and hopes to visit China as a Nobel Prize winner"</a>. RFA. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rfa.org/mandarin/yataibaodao/shaoshuminzu/hx1-10022020091411.html">the original</a> on 2 October 2020. Retrieved 2 October 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=RFA&rft.atitle=The+Dalai+Lama+emphasizes+that+he+does+not+support+Tibetan+independence+and+hopes+to+visit+China+as+a+Nobel+Prize+winner&rft.aulast=Xia&rft.aufirst=Xiaohua&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rfa.org%2Fmandarin%2Fyataibaodao%2Fshaoshuminzu%2Fhx1-10022020091411.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-221"><a href="#cite_ref-221">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dalailama.com/messages/tibet/middle-way-approach">"His Holiness's Middle Way Approach For Resolving the Issue of Tibet"</a>. dalailama.com. His Holiness the Dalai Lama of Tibet. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210416172752/https://www.dalailama.com/messages/tibet/middle-way-approach">Archived</a> from the original on 16 April 2021. Retrieved 11 June 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=dalailama.com&rft.atitle=His+Holiness%27s+Middle+Way+Approach+For+Resolving+the+Issue+of+Tibet&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dalailama.com%2Fmessages%2Ftibet%2Fmiddle-way-approach&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-222"><a href="#cite_ref-222">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.cecc.gov/publications/commission-analysis/dalai-lama-tibet-is-a-part-of-the-peoples-republic-of-china">https://www.cecc.gov/publications/commission-analysis/dalai-lama-tibet-is-a-part-of-the-peoples-republic-of-china</a> "This is the message I wish to deliver to China. I am not in favor of separation. Tibet is a part of the People's Republic of China. It is an autonomous region of the People's Republic of China. Tibetan culture and Buddhism are part of Chinese culture. Many young Chinese like Tibetan culture as a tradition of China." The South China Morning Post published the interview, which took place in Bodh Gaya, the birthplace of Buddhism, on March 14, 2005. </li> <li id="cite_note-223"><a href="#cite_ref-223">^</a> Gary Stivers <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081025010504/http://www.sunvalleyonline.com/news/article.asp?ID_Article=1146">Dalai Lama meets Idaho’s religious leaders</a>, sunvalleyonline.com, 15 September 2005 </li> <li id="cite_note-224"><a href="#cite_ref-224">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFClaudia_Dreifus1993" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Claudia_Dreifus" title="Claudia Dreifus">Claudia Dreifus</a> (28 November 1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tibet.ca/en/newsroom/wtn/archive/old?y=1993&m=12&p=5_1">"The New York Times Interview with the Dalai Lama"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100525061331/http://www.tibet.ca/en/newsroom/wtn/archive/old?y=1993&m=12&p=5_1">Archived</a> from the original on 25 May 2010. Retrieved 31 March 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=The+New+York+Times+Interview+with+the+Dalai+Lama&rft.date=1993-11-28&rft.au=Claudia+Dreifus&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tibet.ca%2Fen%2Fnewsroom%2Fwtn%2Farchive%2Fold%3Fy%3D1993%26m%3D12%26p%3D5_1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-225"><a href="#cite_ref-225">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.huffpost.com/entry/dalai-lama-delhi-gang-rapists-should-not-be-executed_n_2544785">"Dalai Lama Says Delhi Gang Rapists Should Not Be Executed, Death Penalty Not The Answer"</a>. 24 January 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211214073836/https://www.huffpost.com/entry/dalai-lama-delhi-gang-rapists-should-not-be-executed_n_2544785">Archived</a> from the original on 14 December 2021. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dalai+Lama+Says+Delhi+Gang+Rapists+Should+Not+Be+Executed%2C+Death+Penalty+Not+The+Answer&rft.date=2013-01-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffpost.com%2Fentry%2Fdalai-lama-delhi-gang-rapists-should-not-be-executed_n_2544785&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-226"><a href="#cite_ref-226">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.buddhistchannel.tv/index.php?id=44,1023,0,0,1,0">"Buddhist Channel | Japan"</a>. www.buddhistchannel.tv. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211214073836/https://www.buddhistchannel.tv/index.php?id=44,1023,0,0,1,0">Archived</a> from the original on 14 December 2021. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.buddhistchannel.tv&rft.atitle=Buddhist+Channel+%26%23124%3B+Japan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.buddhistchannel.tv%2Findex.php%3Fid%3D44%2C1023%2C0%2C0%2C1%2C0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-227"><a href="#cite_ref-227">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nbcchicago.com/news/local/dalai-lama-praises-illinois-ban-on-death-penalty-talks-in-chicago/1888354/">"Dalai Lama Praises Ban on Death Penalty"</a>. 17 July 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211214073835/https://www.nbcchicago.com/news/local/dalai-lama-praises-illinois-ban-on-death-penalty-talks-in-chicago/1888354/">Archived</a> from the original on 14 December 2021. Retrieved 14 December 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dalai+Lama+Praises+Ban+on+Death+Penalty&rft.date=2011-07-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nbcchicago.com%2Fnews%2Flocal%2Fdalai-lama-praises-illinois-ban-on-death-penalty-talks-in-chicago%2F1888354%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-228"><a href="#cite_ref-228">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.news18.com/news/india/world-needs-indias-ancient-traditions-of-non-violence-and-compassion-says-dalai-lama-2394929.html">"World Needs India's Ancient Traditions of Non-violence and Compassion, Says Dalai Lama"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CNN-News18" title="CNN-News18">CNN-News18</a>. 21 November 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220621022451/https://www.news18.com/news/india/world-needs-indias-ancient-traditions-of-non-violence-and-compassion-says-dalai-lama-2394929.html">Archived</a> from the original on 21 June 2022. Retrieved 21 June 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CNN-News18&rft.atitle=World+Needs+India%27s+Ancient+Traditions+of+Non-violence+and+Compassion%2C+Says+Dalai+Lama&rft.date=2019-11-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.news18.com%2Fnews%2Findia%2Fworld-needs-indias-ancient-traditions-of-non-violence-and-compassion-says-dalai-lama-2394929.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-229"><a href="#cite_ref-229">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.indianexpress.com/news/im-messenger-of-indias-ancient-thoughts-dalai-lama/541448">I'm messenger of India's ancient thoughts: Dalai Lama</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091118082440/http://www.indianexpress.com/news/im-messenger-of-indias-ancient-thoughts-dalai-lama/541448">Archived</a> 18 November 2009 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120903155544/http://www.hindustantimes.com/rssfeed/arunachalpradesh/I-m-messenger-of-India-s-ancient-thoughts-the-Dalai-Lama/Article1-476436.aspx">I'm messenger of India's ancient thoughts: The Dalai Lama – Hindustan Times</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://content.usatoday.com/topics/quote/Religion+and+beliefs/Leaders,+Experts/Dalai+Lama/07vj4sKh2wbTR/06zWaNQ1qJ3u0/1">Dalai Lama Story Page – USATODAY.com</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121003140427/http://content.usatoday.com/topics/quote/Religion+and+beliefs/Leaders,+Experts/Dalai+Lama/07vj4sKh2wbTR/06zWaNQ1qJ3u0/1">Archived</a> 3 October 2012 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tibet.ca/en/newsroom/wtn/7998">Canada Tibet Committee|Newsroom|WTN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120302160117/http://tibet.ca/en/newsroom/wtn/7998">Archived</a> 2 March 2012 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> "I'm messenger of India's ancient thoughts": Dalai Lama; 14 November 2009; Itanagar. Indian Express Newspaper; Hindustan Times Newspaper; PTI News; Dalai Lama Quotes Page – USATODAY.com; Official website; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/article439859.ece">Signs of change emanating within China: Dalai Lama</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140328231256/http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/article439859.ece">Archived</a> 28 March 2014 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>; By Shoumojit Banerjee; 27 May 2010; The Hindu newspaper </li> <li id="cite_note-230"><a href="#cite_ref-230">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThe_14th_Dalai_Lama2021" class="citation web cs1">The 14th Dalai Lama (30 June 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dalailama.com/news/2020/teaching-requested-by-asian-buddhists-day-two">"Teaching Requested by Asian Buddhists – Day…"</a>. The 14th Dalai Lama. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210709183024/https://www.dalailama.com/news/2020/teaching-requested-by-asian-buddhists-day-two">Archived</a> from the original on 9 July 2021. Retrieved 30 June 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+14th+Dalai+Lama&rft.atitle=Teaching+Requested+by+Asian+Buddhists+%E2%80%93+Day%E2%80%A6&rft.date=2021-06-30&rft.au=The+14th+Dalai+Lama&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dalailama.com%2Fnews%2F2020%2Fteaching-requested-by-asian-buddhists-day-two&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_numeric_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list">link</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-231"><a href="#cite_ref-231">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThe_14th_Dalai_Lama2021" class="citation web cs1">The 14th Dalai Lama (30 June 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dalailama.com/news/2019/first-day-of-teachings-for-asians/amp">"The Office of His Holiness The Dalai Lama"</a>. The 14th Dalai Lama. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210709181344/https://www.dalailama.com/news/2019/first-day-of-teachings-for-asians/amp">Archived</a> from the original on 9 July 2021. Retrieved 30 June 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+14th+Dalai+Lama&rft.atitle=The+Office+of+His+Holiness+The+Dalai+Lama&rft.date=2021-06-30&rft.au=The+14th+Dalai+Lama&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dalailama.com%2Fnews%2F2019%2Ffirst-day-of-teachings-for-asians%2Famp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_numeric_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list">link</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-www2.kenyon.edu-232">^ <a href="#cite_ref-www2.kenyon.edu_232-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-www2.kenyon.edu_232-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www2.kenyon.edu/Depts/Religion/Fac/Adler/Reln260/DalaiLama/DL01-1.htm">"The Dalai Lama Speaks Out Against Fashionable Buddhism in Europe"</a>. www2.kenyon.edu. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210709181403/https://www2.kenyon.edu/Depts/Religion/Fac/Adler/Reln260/DalaiLama/DL01-1.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 9 July 2021. Retrieved 30 June 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www2.kenyon.edu&rft.atitle=The+Dalai+Lama+Speaks+Out+Against+Fashionable+Buddhism+in+Europe&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww2.kenyon.edu%2FDepts%2FReligion%2FFac%2FAdler%2FReln260%2FDalaiLama%2FDL01-1.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-abcnews.go.com-233">^ <a href="#cite_ref-abcnews.go.com_233-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-abcnews.go.com_233-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://abcnews.go.com/International/story?id=81617&page=1">"Dalai Lama Criticizes Proselytizing"</a>. ABC News. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210709182812/https://abcnews.go.com/International/story?id=81617&page=1">Archived</a> from the original on 9 July 2021. Retrieved 30 June 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ABC+News&rft.atitle=Dalai+Lama+Criticizes+Proselytizing&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fabcnews.go.com%2FInternational%2Fstory%3Fid%3D81617%26page%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-234"><a href="#cite_ref-234">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThe_14th_Dalai_Lama2021" class="citation web cs1">The 14th Dalai Lama (30 June 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dalailama.com/news/2020/teaching-requested-by-asian-buddhists-day-two">"Teaching Requested by Asian Buddhists – Day Two"</a>. The 14th Dalai Lama. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210709183024/https://www.dalailama.com/news/2020/teaching-requested-by-asian-buddhists-day-two">Archived</a> from the original on 9 July 2021. Retrieved 30 June 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+14th+Dalai+Lama&rft.atitle=Teaching+Requested+by+Asian+Buddhists+%E2%80%93+Day+Two&rft.date=2021-06-30&rft.au=The+14th+Dalai+Lama&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dalailama.com%2Fnews%2F2020%2Fteaching-requested-by-asian-buddhists-day-two&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_numeric_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list">link</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-235"><a href="#cite_ref-235">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThe_14th_Dalai_Lama2021" class="citation web cs1">The 14th Dalai Lama (30 June 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dalailama.com/news/2019/first-day-of-teachings-for-asians/amp">"First Day of Teaching for Asians"</a>. The 14th Dalai Lama. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210709181344/https://www.dalailama.com/news/2019/first-day-of-teachings-for-asians/amp">Archived</a> from the original on 9 July 2021. Retrieved 30 June 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+14th+Dalai+Lama&rft.atitle=First+Day+of+Teaching+for+Asians&rft.date=2021-06-30&rft.au=The+14th+Dalai+Lama&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dalailama.com%2Fnews%2F2019%2Ffirst-day-of-teachings-for-asians%2Famp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_numeric_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list">link</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-236"><a href="#cite_ref-236">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYeshe" class="citation web cs1">Yeshe, Jamphel. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.subliminal.org/tibet/responsibility.html">"Address by His Holiness The XIV Dalai Lama of Tibet To the United Nations World Conference on Human Rights"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190403134010/http://www.subliminal.org/tibet/responsibility.html">Archived</a> from the original on 3 April 2019. Retrieved 10 October 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Address+by+His+Holiness+The+XIV+Dalai+Lama+of+Tibet+To+the+United+Nations+World+Conference+on+Human+Rights&rft.aulast=Yeshe&rft.aufirst=Jamphel&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.subliminal.org%2Ftibet%2Fresponsibility.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-237"><a href="#cite_ref-237">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBernton2001" class="citation news cs1">Bernton, Hal (15 May 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200309075727/https://archive.seattletimes.com/archive/?date=20010515&slug=dalai15m0">"Dalai Lama urges students to shape world"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Seattle_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="Seattle Times">Seattle Times</a>. Portland. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archives.seattletimes.nwsource.com/cgi-bin/texis.cgi/web/vortex/display?slug=dalai15m0&date=20010515">the original</a> on 9 March 2020. Retrieved 19 December 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Seattle+Times&rft.atitle=Dalai+Lama+urges+students+to+shape+world&rft.date=2001-05-15&rft.aulast=Bernton&rft.aufirst=Hal&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchives.seattletimes.nwsource.com%2Fcgi-bin%2Ftexis.cgi%2Fweb%2Fvortex%2Fdisplay%3Fslug%3Ddalai15m0%26date%3D20010515&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-238"><a href="#cite_ref-238">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLila2013" class="citation news cs1">Lila, Muhammad (22 April 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://abcnews.go.com/International/dalai-lama-pleads-myanmar-monks-end-violence-amid/story?id=19013148">"International Dalai Lama Pleads for Myanmar Monks to End Violence Amid Damning Rights Report"</a>. <a href="/wiki/ABC_News_(United_States)" title="ABC News (United States)">ABC News</a>. <a href="/wiki/Dharamshala" title="Dharamshala">Dharamshala</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190508073833/https://abcnews.go.com/International/dalai-lama-pleads-myanmar-monks-end-violence-amid/story?id=19013148">Archived</a> from the original on 8 May 2019. Retrieved 19 June 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ABC+News&rft.atitle=International+Dalai+Lama+Pleads+for+Myanmar+Monks+to+End+Violence+Amid+Damning+Rights+Report&rft.date=2013-04-22&rft.aulast=Lila&rft.aufirst=Muhammad&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fabcnews.go.com%2FInternational%2Fdalai-lama-pleads-myanmar-monks-end-violence-amid%2Fstory%3Fid%3D19013148&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-239"><a href="#cite_ref-239">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-dalailama-idUSBRE9460RC20130507">"Dalai Lama decries Buddhist attacks on Muslims in Myanmar"</a>. Reuters. 7 May 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130509041004/http://www.reuters.com/article/2013/05/07/us-usa-dalailama-idUSBRE9460RC20130507">Archived</a> from the original on 9 May 2013. Retrieved 12 October 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Dalai+Lama+decries+Buddhist+attacks+on+Muslims+in+Myanmar&rft.date=2013-05-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-usa-dalailama-idUSBRE9460RC20130507&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-240"><a href="#cite_ref-240">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-32925805">"Dalai Lama presses Aung San Suu Kyi over Rohingya migrants"</a>. BBC. 28 May 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150602225608/http://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-32925805">Archived</a> from the original on 2 June 2015. Retrieved 1 July 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Dalai+Lama+presses+Aung+San+Suu+Kyi+over+Rohingya+migrants&rft.date=2015-05-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fworld-asia-32925805&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-241"><a href="#cite_ref-241">^</a> "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dalailama.com/news/2017/message-from-his-holiness-the-dalai-lama">His Holiness the Dalai Lama Deeply Saddened by Liu Xiaobo's Passing…"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191026105315/https://www.dalailama.com/news/2017/message-from-his-holiness-the-dalai-lama">Archived</a> 26 October 2019 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. The 14th Dalai Lama. 18 July 2017. </li> <li id="cite_note-242"><a href="#cite_ref-242">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSlodkowskiLies2021" class="citation news cs1">Slodkowski, Antoni; Lies, Elaine (10 November 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/world/china/dalai-lama-says-prefers-stay-india-since-taiwan-china-relations-delicate-2021-11-10/">"Dalai Lama: China's leaders 'don't understand variety of cultures'"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220621022450/https://www.reuters.com/world/china/dalai-lama-says-prefers-stay-india-since-taiwan-china-relations-delicate-2021-11-10/">Archived</a> from the original on 21 June 2022. Retrieved 21 June 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Dalai+Lama%3A+China%27s+leaders+%27don%27t+understand+variety+of+cultures%27&rft.date=2021-11-10&rft.aulast=Slodkowski&rft.aufirst=Antoni&rft.au=Lies%2C+Elaine&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Fworld%2Fchina%2Fdalai-lama-says-prefers-stay-india-since-taiwan-china-relations-delicate-2021-11-10%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-243"><a href="#cite_ref-243">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIndo-Asian_News_Service2017" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Indo-Asian_News_Service" title="Indo-Asian News Service">Indo-Asian News Service</a> (6 April 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.business-standard.com/article/news-ians/india-best-country-to-uphold-religious-harmony-tolerance-dalai-lama-117040601546_1.html">"India best country to uphold religious harmony, tolerance: Dalai Lama"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Business_Standard_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Business Standard India">Business Standard India</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220621022450/https://www.business-standard.com/article/news-ians/india-best-country-to-uphold-religious-harmony-tolerance-dalai-lama-117040601546_1.html">Archived</a> from the original on 21 June 2022. Retrieved 20 June 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Business+Standard+India&rft.atitle=India+best+country+to+uphold+religious+harmony%2C+tolerance%3A+Dalai+Lama&rft.date=2017-04-06&rft.au=Indo-Asian+News+Service&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.business-standard.com%2Farticle%2Fnews-ians%2Findia-best-country-to-uphold-religious-harmony-tolerance-dalai-lama-117040601546_1.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-244"><a href="#cite_ref-244">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://indianexpress.com/article/india/muslim-nations-must-learn-about-religion-from-india-dalai-lama-5478444/">"Muslim nations must learn about religion from India: Dalai Lama"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Indian_Express" title="The Indian Express">The Indian Express</a>. 4 December 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220621022450/https://indianexpress.com/article/india/muslim-nations-must-learn-about-religion-from-india-dalai-lama-5478444/">Archived</a> from the original on 21 June 2022. Retrieved 21 June 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Indian+Express&rft.atitle=Muslim+nations+must+learn+about+religion+from+India%3A+Dalai+Lama&rft.date=2018-12-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Findianexpress.com%2Farticle%2Findia%2Fmuslim-nations-must-learn-about-religion-from-india-dalai-lama-5478444%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-245"><a href="#cite_ref-245">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPress_Trust_of_India2018" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Press_Trust_of_India" title="Press Trust of India">Press Trust of India</a> (4 December 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thequint.com/news/india/dalai-lama-india-pakistan-relations">"Muslim Nations Must Learn About Religion From India: Dalai Lama"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Quint" title="The Quint">The Quint</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220621022450/https://www.thequint.com/news/india/dalai-lama-india-pakistan-relations">Archived</a> from the original on 21 June 2022. Retrieved 21 June 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Quint&rft.atitle=Muslim+Nations+Must+Learn+About+Religion+From+India%3A+Dalai+Lama&rft.date=2018-12-04&rft.au=Press+Trust+of+India&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thequint.com%2Fnews%2Findia%2Fdalai-lama-india-pakistan-relations&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-246"><a href="#cite_ref-246">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.news18.com/news/india/few-incidents-of-attacks-on-minorities-cant-become-symbolic-of-a-nation-says-dalai-lama-2089547.html">"Few Incidents of Attacks on Minorities Can't Become Symbolic of A Nation, Says Dalai Lama"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CNN-News18" title="CNN-News18">CNN-News18</a>. 4 April 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220621022450/https://www.news18.com/news/india/few-incidents-of-attacks-on-minorities-cant-become-symbolic-of-a-nation-says-dalai-lama-2089547.html">Archived</a> from the original on 21 June 2022. Retrieved 21 June 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CNN-News18&rft.atitle=Few+Incidents+of+Attacks+on+Minorities+Can%27t+Become+Symbolic+of+A+Nation%2C+Says+Dalai+Lama&rft.date=2019-04-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.news18.com%2Fnews%2Findia%2Ffew-incidents-of-attacks-on-minorities-cant-become-symbolic-of-a-nation-says-dalai-lama-2089547.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-247"><a href="#cite_ref-247">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPress_Trust_of_India2019" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Press_Trust_of_India" title="Press Trust of India">Press Trust of India</a> (5 April 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thequint.com/news/india/few-attacks-on-minorities-cannot-symbolise-a-nation-dalai-lama">"'Few Attacks on Minorities Cannot Symbolise a Nation': Dalai Lama"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Quint" title="The Quint">The Quint</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221109180856/https://www.thequint.com/news/india/few-attacks-on-minorities-cannot-symbolise-a-nation-dalai-lama">Archived</a> from the original on 9 November 2022. Retrieved 21 June 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Quint&rft.atitle=%27Few+Attacks+on+Minorities+Cannot+Symbolise+a+Nation%27%3A+Dalai+Lama&rft.date=2019-04-05&rft.au=Press+Trust+of+India&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thequint.com%2Fnews%2Findia%2Ffew-attacks-on-minorities-cannot-symbolise-a-nation-dalai-lama&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-248"><a href="#cite_ref-248">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/dalai-lama-dalai-lama-news-what-dalai-lama-said-on-indias-role-in-religious-harmony-in-the-world-2659307">"What Dalai Lama Said On India's Role In World's Religious Harmony"</a>. <a href="/wiki/NDTV" title="NDTV">NDTV</a>. 19 December 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230312233226/https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/dalai-lama-dalai-lama-news-what-dalai-lama-said-on-indias-role-in-religious-harmony-in-the-world-2659307">Archived</a> from the original on 12 March 2023. Retrieved 21 June 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NDTV&rft.atitle=What+Dalai+Lama+Said+On+India%27s+Role+In+World%27s+Religious+Harmony&rft.date=2021-12-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ndtv.com%2Findia-news%2Fdalai-lama-dalai-lama-news-what-dalai-lama-said-on-indias-role-in-religious-harmony-in-the-world-2659307&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-249"><a href="#cite_ref-249">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://en.trend.az/world/other/3529518.html">"India role model for religious harmony in the world, says Dalai Lama"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Trend_News_Agency" title="Trend News Agency">Trend News Agency</a>. 20 December 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230312233228/https://en.trend.az/world/other/3529518.html">Archived</a> from the original on 12 March 2023. Retrieved 21 June 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Trend+News+Agency&rft.atitle=India+role+model+for+religious+harmony+in+the+world%2C+says+Dalai+Lama&rft.date=2021-12-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fen.trend.az%2Fworld%2Fother%2F3529518.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-250"><a href="#cite_ref-250">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.universalcompassion.org/">"Universal Compassion Movement"</a>. Universalcompassion.org. 25 November 2010. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130826175834/http://www.universalcompassion.org/">Archived</a> from the original on 26 August 2013. Retrieved 17 July 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Universal+Compassion+Movement&rft.pub=Universalcompassion.org&rft.date=2010-11-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.universalcompassion.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-251"><a href="#cite_ref-251">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEdelstein2013" class="citation book cs1">Edelstein, Sari (2013). Food Science, An Ecological Approach. Jones & Bartlett Publishers. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4496-0344-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4496-0344-1"><bdi>978-1-4496-0344-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Food+Science%2C+An+Ecological+Approach&rft.pub=Jones+%26+Bartlett+Publishers&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-1-4496-0344-1&rft.aulast=Edelstein&rft.aufirst=Sari&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-252"><a href="#cite_ref-252">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKristof2015" class="citation web cs1">Kristof, Nicholas (16 July 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2015/07/16/opinion/nicholas-kristof-dalai-lama-gets-mischievous.html">"Dalai Lama Gets Mischievous"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190822111340/https://www.nytimes.com/2015/07/16/opinion/nicholas-kristof-dalai-lama-gets-mischievous.html">Archived</a> from the original on 22 August 2019. Retrieved 22 August 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Dalai+Lama+Gets+Mischievous&rft.date=2015-07-16&rft.aulast=Kristof&rft.aufirst=Nicholas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2015%2F07%2F16%2Fopinion%2Fnicholas-kristof-dalai-lama-gets-mischievous.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-253"><a href="#cite_ref-253">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIyer2008" class="citation book cs1">Iyer, Pico (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ExP5VoHTyzgC&pg=PP1">The Open Road: The Global Journey of the Fourteenth Dalai Lama</a>. Knopf Publishing Group. p. 203. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4088-0692-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4088-0692-0"><bdi>978-1-4088-0692-0</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210624204609/https://books.google.com/books?id=ExP5VoHTyzgC&pg=PP1">Archived</a> from the original on 24 June 2021. Retrieved 24 October 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Open+Road%3A+The+Global+Journey+of+the+Fourteenth+Dalai+Lama&rft.pages=203&rft.pub=Knopf+Publishing+Group&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-1-4088-0692-0&rft.aulast=Iyer&rft.aufirst=Pico&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DExP5VoHTyzgC%26pg%3DPP1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-254"><a href="#cite_ref-254">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.shabkar.org/teachers/tibetanbuddhism/dalai_lama.htm">"H.H. Dalai Lama"</a>. Shabkar.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210105230628/http://www.shabkar.org/teachers/tibetanbuddhism/dalai_lama.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 5 January 2021. Retrieved 17 July 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=H.H.+Dalai+Lama&rft.pub=Shabkar.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.shabkar.org%2Fteachers%2Ftibetanbuddhism%2Fdalai_lama.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-255"><a href="#cite_ref-255">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEllen2010" class="citation news cs1">Ellen, Barbara (17 July 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/music/2010/jul/18/paul-mccartney-vegetarianism">"Interview: Paul McCartney"</a>. The Guardian. London. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130915150250/http://www.theguardian.com/music/2010/jul/18/paul-mccartney-vegetarianism">Archived</a> from the original on 15 September 2013. Retrieved 22 September 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Interview%3A+Paul+McCartney&rft.date=2010-07-17&rft.aulast=Ellen&rft.aufirst=Barbara&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fmusic%2F2010%2Fjul%2F18%2Fpaul-mccartney-vegetarianism&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-angrymarxist-256">^ <a href="#cite_ref-angrymarxist_256-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-angrymarxist_256-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tricycle.org/trikedaily/justifiably-angry-marxist-interview-dalai-lama/">"The (Justifiably) Angry Marxist: An interview with the Dalai Lama"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Tricycle:_The_Buddhist_Review" title="Tricycle: The Buddhist Review">Tricycle: The Buddhist Review</a>. 30 August 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210125170907/https://tricycle.org/trikedaily/justifiably-angry-marxist-interview-dalai-lama/">Archived</a> from the original on 25 January 2021. Retrieved 7 October 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+%28Justifiably%29+Angry+Marxist%3A+An+interview+with+the+Dalai+Lama&rft.pub=Tricycle%3A+The+Buddhist+Review&rft.date=2013-08-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftricycle.org%2Ftrikedaily%2Fjustifiably-angry-marxist-interview-dalai-lama%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-GuardMarx-257">^ <a href="#cite_ref-GuardMarx_257-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-GuardMarx_257-1">b</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/belief/2011/jun/20/dalai-lama-marxist-buddhism">Of course the Dalai Lama's a Marxist</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210319091647/https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/belief/2011/jun/20/dalai-lama-marxist-buddhism">Archived</a> 19 March 2021 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> by Ed Halliwell, The Guardian, 20 June 2011 </li> <li id="cite_note-258"><a href="#cite_ref-258">^</a> Catherine Phillips (15 January 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newsweek.com/i-am-marxist-says-dalai-lama-299598">‘I Am Marxist’ Says Dalai Lama</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150924053129/http://www.newsweek.com/i-am-marxist-says-dalai-lama-299598">Archived</a> 24 September 2015 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Newsweek. Retrieved 16 January 2015. </li> <li id="cite_note-259"><a href="#cite_ref-259">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDalai_Lama2014" class="citation web cs1"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Dalai Lama</a> (30 March 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140408001643/http://www.dalailama.com/news/post/1102-condolence-message-from-his-holiness-the-dalai-lama-at-the-passing-away-of-baba-phuntsog-wangyal">"Condolence Message from His Holiness the Dalai Lama at the Passing Away of Baba Phuntsog Wangyal"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dalailama.com/news/post/1102-condolence-message-from-his-holiness-the-dalai-lama-at-the-passing-away-of-baba-phuntsog-wangyal">the original</a> on 8 April 2014. Retrieved 3 May 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Condolence+Message+from+His+Holiness+the+Dalai+Lama+at+the+Passing+Away+of+Baba+Phuntsog+Wangyal&rft.date=2014-03-30&rft.au=Dalai+Lama&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dalailama.com%2Fnews%2Fpost%2F1102-condolence-message-from-his-holiness-the-dalai-lama-at-the-passing-away-of-baba-phuntsog-wangyal&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-260"><a href="#cite_ref-260">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREF14th_Dalai_Lama1999" class="citation news cs1">14th Dalai Lama (27 September 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20010129054600/http://www.time.com/time/asia/magazine/99/0927/lhasa.html">"Long Trek to Exile For Tibet's Apostle"</a>. Vol. 154, no. 12. <a href="/wiki/Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)">Time</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.time.com/time/asia/magazine/99/0927/lhasa.html">the original</a> on 29 January 2001. Retrieved 29 August 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Long+Trek+to+Exile+For+Tibet%27s+Apostle&rft.volume=154&rft.issue=12&rft.date=1999-09-27&rft.au=14th+Dalai+Lama&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.time.com%2Ftime%2Fasia%2Fmagazine%2F99%2F0927%2Flhasa.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_news" title="Template:Cite news">cite news</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_numeric_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list">link</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-TibetMarx-261">^ <a href="#cite_ref-TibetMarx_261-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-TibetMarx_261-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-TibetMarx_261-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hhdl.dharmakara.net/hhdlquotes1.html">"Tibet and China, Marxism, Nonviolence"</a>. Hhdl.dharmakara.net. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181120051343/http://hhdl.dharmakara.net/hhdlquotes1.html">Archived</a> from the original on 20 November 2018. Retrieved 2 May 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tibet+and+China%2C+Marxism%2C+Nonviolence&rft.pub=Hhdl.dharmakara.net&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhhdl.dharmakara.net%2Fhhdlquotes1.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-262"><a href="#cite_ref-262">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/tibet/7747371/Marxist-Dalai-Lama-criticises-capitalism.html">"'Marxist' Dalai Lama criticises capitalism"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Sunday_Telegraph" title="The Sunday Telegraph">The Sunday Telegraph</a>. London. 20 May 2010. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210127082945/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/tibet/7747371/Marxist-Dalai-Lama-criticises-capitalism.html">Archived</a> from the original on 27 January 2021. Retrieved 28 August 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Sunday+Telegraph&rft.atitle=%27Marxist%27+Dalai+Lama+criticises+capitalism&rft.date=2010-05-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworldnews%2Fasia%2Ftibet%2F7747371%2FMarxist-Dalai-Lama-criticises-capitalism.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-263"><a href="#cite_ref-263">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFManjeet_Sehgal2019" class="citation web cs1">Manjeet Sehgal (15 October 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/dalai-lama-pakistn-imran-khan-india-modi-china-chandigarh-1609626-2019-10-15">"Tibetan spiritual leader Dalai Lama asks Pakistan PM Imran Khan to control emotions"</a>. <a href="/wiki/India_Today" title="India Today">India Today</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220621022450/https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/dalai-lama-pakistn-imran-khan-india-modi-china-chandigarh-1609626-2019-10-15">Archived</a> from the original on 21 June 2022. Retrieved 21 June 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=India+Today&rft.atitle=Tibetan+spiritual+leader+Dalai+Lama+asks+Pakistan+PM+Imran+Khan+to+control+emotions&rft.date=2019-10-15&rft.au=Manjeet+Sehgal&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.indiatoday.in%2Findia%2Fstory%2Fdalai-lama-pakistn-imran-khan-india-modi-china-chandigarh-1609626-2019-10-15&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-264"><a href="#cite_ref-264">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJagdeep_Singh_Deep2019" class="citation web cs1">Jagdeep Singh Deep (16 October 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://indianexpress.com/article/india/chinese-students-should-come-to-india-to-know-how-democracy-works-dalai-lama-6071299/">"Chinese students should come to India to know how democracy works: Dalai Lama"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Indian_Express" title="The Indian Express">The Indian Express</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220621022450/https://indianexpress.com/article/india/chinese-students-should-come-to-india-to-know-how-democracy-works-dalai-lama-6071299/">Archived</a> from the original on 21 June 2022. Retrieved 21 June 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Indian+Express&rft.atitle=Chinese+students+should+come+to+India+to+know+how+democracy+works%3A+Dalai+Lama&rft.date=2019-10-16&rft.au=Jagdeep+Singh+Deep&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Findianexpress.com%2Farticle%2Findia%2Fchinese-students-should-come-to-india-to-know-how-democracy-works-dalai-lama-6071299%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-global-265">^ <a href="#cite_ref-global_265-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-global_265-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMorgan2009" class="citation news cs1">Morgan, Joyce (1 December 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.smh.com.au/environment/think-global-before-local-dalai-lama-20091130-k17b.html">"Think global before local: Dalai Lama"</a>. The Sydney Morning Herald. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210105185044/https://www.smh.com.au/environment/think-global-before-local-dalai-lama-20091130-k17b.html">Archived</a> from the original on 5 January 2021. Retrieved 28 August 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Sydney+Morning+Herald&rft.atitle=Think+global+before+local%3A+Dalai+Lama&rft.date=2009-12-01&rft.aulast=Morgan&rft.aufirst=Joyce&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.smh.com.au%2Fenvironment%2Fthink-global-before-local-dalai-lama-20091130-k17b.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-266"><a href="#cite_ref-266">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.terradaily.com/reports/Dalai_Lama_bemoans_deforestation_of_Tibet_999.html">"Dalai Lama bemoans deforestation of Tibet"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Agence_France-Presse" title="Agence France-Presse">Agence France-Presse</a>. 21 November 2007. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210108015046/https://www.terradaily.com/reports/Dalai_Lama_bemoans_deforestation_of_Tibet_999.html">Archived</a> from the original on 8 January 2021. Retrieved 28 August 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Dalai+Lama+bemoans+deforestation+of+Tibet&rft.date=2007-11-21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.terradaily.com%2Freports%2FDalai_Lama_bemoans_deforestation_of_Tibet_999.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-267"><a href="#cite_ref-267">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/DalaiLama_2006_09_19">"His Holiness the Dalai Lama's Address to the University at Buffalo"</a>. 19 September 2006. Retrieved 2 May 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=His+Holiness+the+Dalai+Lama%27s+Address+to+the+University+at+Buffalo&rft.date=2006-09-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2FDalaiLama_2006_09_19&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-268"><a href="#cite_ref-268">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150924001013/http://www.ens-newswire.com/ens/apr2005/2005-04-08-01.asp">"Dalai Lama Campaigns to End Wildlife Trade"</a>. ENS. 8 April 2005. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ens-newswire.com/ens/apr2005/2005-04-08-01.asp">the original</a> on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 8 September 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Dalai+Lama+Campaigns+to+End+Wildlife+Trade&rft.date=2005-04-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ens-newswire.com%2Fens%2Fapr2005%2F2005-04-08-01.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-269"><a href="#cite_ref-269">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJustin_Huggler2006" class="citation news cs1">Justin Huggler (18 February 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071013141142/http://tew.org/archived/wildlife.skins.issue.html">"Reports Fur Flies Over Tiger Plight"</a>. The New Zealand Herald. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tew.org/archived/wildlife.skins.issue.html">the original</a> on 13 October 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+Zealand+Herald&rft.atitle=Reports+Fur+Flies+Over+Tiger+Plight&rft.date=2006-02-18&rft.au=Justin+Huggler&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tew.org%2Farchived%2Fwildlife.skins.issue.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-270"><a href="#cite_ref-270">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201012091040/http://www.ens-newswire.com/ens/jun2010/2010-06-23-02.html">"Dalai Lama Reminds Anti-Whaling Activists to Be Non-Violent"</a>. Tokyo. <a href="/wiki/Environment_News_Service" title="Environment News Service">Environment News Service</a>. 23 June 2010. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ens-newswire.com/ens/jun2010/2010-06-23-02.html">the original</a> on 12 October 2020. Retrieved 28 August 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Dalai+Lama+Reminds+Anti-Whaling+Activists+to+Be+Non-Violent&rft.date=2010-06-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ens-newswire.com%2Fens%2Fjun2010%2F2010-06-23-02.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-271"><a href="#cite_ref-271">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPerry2009" class="citation news cs1">Perry, Michael (30 November 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSTRE5AT16B20091130">"Dalai Lama says climate change needs global action"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a>. Sydney. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100809023803/http://www.reuters.com/article/idUSTRE5AT16B20091130">Archived</a> from the original on 9 August 2010. Retrieved 28 August 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Dalai+Lama+says+climate+change+needs+global+action&rft.date=2009-11-30&rft.aulast=Perry&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2FidUSTRE5AT16B20091130&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-272"><a href="#cite_ref-272">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.smh.com.au/world/sex-invariably-spells-trouble-says-dalai-lama-20081129-6n91.html">"Sex invariably spells trouble, says Dalai Lama"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Sydney_Morning_Herald" title="The Sydney Morning Herald">The Sydney Morning Herald</a>. 29 November 2008. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231204154946/https://www.smh.com.au/world/sex-invariably-spells-trouble-says-dalai-lama-20081129-6n91.html">Archived</a> from the original on 4 December 2023. Retrieved 4 December 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Sydney+Morning+Herald&rft.atitle=Sex+invariably+spells+trouble%2C+says+Dalai+Lama&rft.date=2008-11-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.smh.com.au%2Fworld%2Fsex-invariably-spells-trouble-says-dalai-lama-20081129-6n91.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Teleg-273"><a href="#cite_ref-Teleg_273-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGMT_22008" class="citation news cs1">GMT 2 (29 November 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081203142210/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/newstopics/religion/3534994/Sexual-intercourse-spells-trouble-says-Dalai-Lama.html">"Sexual intercourse spells trouble, says Dalai Lama"</a>. The Telegraph. London. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/newstopics/religion/3534994/Sexual-intercourse-spells-trouble-says-Dalai-Lama.html">the original</a> on 3 December 2008. Retrieved 2 May 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Sexual+intercourse+spells+trouble%2C+says+Dalai+Lama&rft.date=2008-11-29&rft.au=GMT+2&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fnewstopics%2Freligion%2F3534994%2FSexual-intercourse-spells-trouble-says-Dalai-Lama.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_news" title="Template:Cite news">cite news</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_numeric_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list">link</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-274"><a href="#cite_ref-274">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAssociated_Press2010" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Associated_Press" title="Associated Press">Associated Press</a> (21 February 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://golfweek.usatoday.com/2010/02/21/dalai-lama-says-self-discipline-important-woods/">"Dalai Lama says faith is important for Woods"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Golfweek" title="Golfweek">Golfweek</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231204154053/https://golfweek.usatoday.com/2010/02/21/dalai-lama-says-self-discipline-important-woods/">Archived</a> from the original on 4 December 2023. Retrieved 4 December 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Golfweek&rft.atitle=Dalai+Lama+says+faith+is+important+for+Woods&rft.date=2010-02-21&rft.au=Associated+Press&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgolfweek.usatoday.com%2F2010%2F02%2F21%2Fdalai-lama-says-self-discipline-important-woods%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thestar.com/sports/golf/tiger-who-dalai-lama-disses-golfer/article_f015a2c4-e3ee-5eea-bc32-5eb7a1fe8758.html">"Tiger who? Dalai Lama disses golfer"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Toronto_Star" title="Toronto Star">Toronto Star</a>. 21 February 2010. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231204154105/https://www.thestar.com/sports/golf/tiger-who-dalai-lama-disses-golfer/article_f015a2c4-e3ee-5eea-bc32-5eb7a1fe8758.html">Archived</a> from the original on 4 December 2023. Retrieved 4 December 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Toronto+Star&rft.atitle=Tiger+who%3F+Dalai+Lama+disses+golfer&rft.date=2010-02-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thestar.com%2Fsports%2Fgolf%2Ftiger-who-dalai-lama-disses-golfer%2Farticle_f015a2c4-e3ee-5eea-bc32-5eb7a1fe8758.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-275"><a href="#cite_ref-275">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.religioustolerance.org/hom_budd2.htm">"Buddhism and homosexuality"</a>. religioustolerance.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210317083002/https://www.religioustolerance.org/hom_budd2.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 17 March 2021. Retrieved 22 April 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=religioustolerance.org&rft.atitle=Buddhism+and+homosexuality&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.religioustolerance.org%2Fhom_budd2.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-276"><a href="#cite_ref-276">^</a> OUT Magazine February/March 1994 </li> <li id="cite_note-277"><a href="#cite_ref-277">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShaheen2009" class="citation web cs1">Shaheen, James (13 July 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.huffpost.com/entry/gay-marriage-what-would-b_b_230855">"Gay Marriage: What Would Buddha Do?"</a>. <a href="/wiki/HuffPost" title="HuffPost">HuffPost</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230406010916/https://www.huffpost.com/entry/gay-marriage-what-would-b_b_230855">Archived</a> from the original on 6 April 2023. Retrieved 6 April 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=HuffPost&rft.atitle=Gay+Marriage%3A+What+Would+Buddha+Do%3F&rft.date=2009-07-13&rft.aulast=Shaheen&rft.aufirst=James&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffpost.com%2Fentry%2Fgay-marriage-what-would-b_b_230855&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-278"><a href="#cite_ref-278">^</a> Beyond Dogma by the Dalai Lama </li> <li id="cite_note-279"><a href="#cite_ref-279">^</a> "Dalai Lama Urges 'Respect, Compassion, and Full Human Rights for All', including Gays". Conkin, Dennis. Bay Area Reporter, 19 June 1997. </li> <li id="cite_note-280"><a href="#cite_ref-280">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130623030316/http://ilga.org/ilga/en/article/782">"His Holiness The Dalai Lama Issues Statement in Support of Human Rights of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender People"</a> (Press release). Geneva: International Lesbian and Gay Association (ILGA). 3 April 2006. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ilga.org/ilga/en/article/782">the original</a> on 23 June 2013. Retrieved 20 November 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=His+Holiness+The+Dalai+Lama+Issues+Statement+in+Support+of+Human+Rights+of+Lesbian%2C+Gay%2C+Bisexual+and+Transgender+People&rft.place=Geneva&rft.pub=International+Lesbian+and+Gay+Association+%28ILGA%29&rft.date=2006-04-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Filga.org%2Filga%2Fen%2Farticle%2F782&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-281"><a href="#cite_ref-281">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKedmey2014" class="citation magazine cs1">Kedmey, Dan (7 March 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://time.com/15273/watch-dalai-lama-says-okay-to-same-sex-marriages/">"WATCH: Dalai Lama Says 'O.K.' to Same-Sex Marriages"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)">Time</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231204144419/https://time.com/15273/watch-dalai-lama-says-okay-to-same-sex-marriages/">Archived</a> from the original on 4 December 2023. Retrieved 4 December 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time&rft.atitle=WATCH%3A+Dalai+Lama+Says+%27O.K.%27+to+Same-Sex+Marriages&rft.date=2014-03-07&rft.aulast=Kedmey&rft.aufirst=Dan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftime.com%2F15273%2Fwatch-dalai-lama-says-okay-to-same-sex-marriages%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLutz2014" class="citation web cs1">Lutz, Jaime (8 March 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://abcnews.go.com/blogs/politics/2014/03/dalai-lama-says-he-supports-gay-marriage">"Dalai Lama Says He Supports Gay Marriage"</a>. <a href="/wiki/ABC_News_(United_States)" title="ABC News (United States)">ABC News</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231204144359/https://abcnews.go.com/blogs/politics/2014/03/dalai-lama-says-he-supports-gay-marriage">Archived</a> from the original on 4 December 2023. Retrieved 4 December 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ABC+News&rft.atitle=Dalai+Lama+Says+He+Supports+Gay+Marriage&rft.date=2014-03-08&rft.aulast=Lutz&rft.aufirst=Jaime&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fabcnews.go.com%2Fblogs%2Fpolitics%2F2014%2F03%2Fdalai-lama-says-he-supports-gay-marriage&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMolloy2014" class="citation web cs1">Molloy, Antonia (7 March 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/dalai-lama-says-gay-marriage-is-ok-9175947.html">"Dalai Lama says gay marriage is 'ok'"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Independent" title="The Independent">The Independent</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231204144621/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/dalai-lama-says-gay-marriage-is-ok-9175947.html">Archived</a> from the original on 4 December 2023. Retrieved 4 December 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=Dalai+Lama+says+gay+marriage+is+%27ok%27&rft.date=2014-03-07&rft.aulast=Molloy&rft.aufirst=Antonia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Famericas%2Fdalai-lama-says-gay-marriage-is-ok-9175947.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-282"><a href="#cite_ref-282">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSpencer2007" class="citation news cs1">Spencer, Richard (7 December 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/1571850/Dalai-Lama-says-successor-could-be-a-woman.html">"Dalai Lama says successor could be a woman"</a>. The Telegraph. London. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210106155514/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/1571850/Dalai-Lama-says-successor-could-be-a-woman.html">Archived</a> from the original on 6 January 2021. Retrieved 19 November 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Dalai+Lama+says+successor+could+be+a+woman&rft.date=2007-12-07&rft.aulast=Spencer&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworldnews%2F1571850%2FDalai-Lama-says-successor-could-be-a-woman.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-283"><a href="#cite_ref-283">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.huffingtonpost.com/tamara-conniff/the-dalai-lama-proclaims_b_297285.html">"Tamara Conniff: The Dalai Lama Proclaims Himself a Feminist: Day Two of Peace and Music in Memphis"</a>. HuffPost. 23 September 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171115084047/https://www.huffingtonpost.com/tamara-conniff/the-dalai-lama-proclaims_b_297285.html">Archived</a> from the original on 15 November 2017. Retrieved 17 July 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=HuffPost&rft.atitle=Tamara+Conniff%3A+The+Dalai+Lama+Proclaims+Himself+a+Feminist%3A+Day+Two+of+Peace+and+Music+in+Memphis&rft.date=2009-09-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.com%2Ftamara-conniff%2Fthe-dalai-lama-proclaims_b_297285.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-284"><a href="#cite_ref-284">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dalailama.com/news/2017/launch-of-tata-institute-of-social-sciences-course-in-secular-ethics-for-higher-education/amp">"Secular Ethics for Higher Education"</a>. His Holiness The 14th Dalai Lama of Tibet. The Office of His Holiness The Dalai Lama. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210105162041/https://www.dalailama.com/news/2017/launch-of-tata-institute-of-social-sciences-course-in-secular-ethics-for-higher-education/amp">Archived</a> from the original on 5 January 2021. Retrieved 13 August 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=His+Holiness+The+14th+Dalai+Lama+of+Tibet&rft.atitle=Secular+Ethics+for+Higher+Education&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dalailama.com%2Fnews%2F2017%2Flaunch-of-tata-institute-of-social-sciences-course-in-secular-ethics-for-higher-education%2Famp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-285"><a href="#cite_ref-285">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150925002300/http://www.tricycle.com/blog/dalai-lama-says-if-successor-female-she-must-be-very-attractive">"Dalai Lama Says If Successor Is Female, She Must Be Very Attractive"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Tricycle:_The_Buddhist_Review" title="Tricycle: The Buddhist Review">Tricycle: The Buddhist Review</a>. 22 September 2015. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tricycle.com/blog/dalai-lama-says-if-successor-female-she-must-be-very-attractive">the original</a> on 25 September 2015. Retrieved 24 September 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dalai+Lama+Says+If+Successor+Is+Female%2C+She+Must+Be+Very+Attractive&rft.pub=Tricycle%3A+The+Buddhist+Review&rft.date=2015-09-22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tricycle.com%2Fblog%2Fdalai-lama-says-if-successor-female-she-must-be-very-attractive&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Rodriguez-286">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Rodriguez_286-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rodriguez_286-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRodriguez" class="citation web cs1">Rodriguez, Adrianna. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/world/2019/07/03/dalai-lama-apologizes-female-successor-more-attractive-sexist-remarks/1637106001/">"Dalai Lama apologizes for sexist remarks that female successor must be 'more attractive'"</a>. USA TODAY. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220414132912/https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/world/2019/07/03/dalai-lama-apologizes-female-successor-more-attractive-sexist-remarks/1637106001/">Archived</a> from the original on 14 April 2022. Retrieved 14 April 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=USA+TODAY&rft.atitle=Dalai+Lama+apologizes+for+sexist+remarks+that+female+successor+must+be+%27more+attractive%27&rft.aulast=Rodriguez&rft.aufirst=Adrianna&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usatoday.com%2Fstory%2Fnews%2Fworld%2F2019%2F07%2F03%2Fdalai-lama-apologizes-female-successor-more-attractive-sexist-remarks%2F1637106001%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-287"><a href="#cite_ref-287">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/04/18/dalai-lama-culture-of-com_n_3111216.html">"Dalai Lama 'Culture of Compassion' Talk: Key To Good Health Is 'Peace of Mind' (VIDEO)"</a>. HuffPost. 18 April 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171019220126/https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/04/18/dalai-lama-culture-of-com_n_3111216.html">Archived</a> from the original on 19 October 2017. Retrieved 20 February 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=HuffPost&rft.atitle=Dalai+Lama+%27Culture+of+Compassion%27+Talk%3A+Key+To+Good+Health+Is+%27Peace+of+Mind%27+%28VIDEO%29&rft.date=2013-04-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.com%2F2013%2F04%2F18%2Fdalai-lama-culture-of-com_n_3111216.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-288"><a href="#cite_ref-288">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://time.com/5820613/dalai-lama-coronavirus-compassion/">'Prayer Is Not Enough.' The Dalai Lama on Why We Need to Fight Coronavirus With Compassion</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200418193728/https://time.com/5820613/dalai-lama-coronavirus-compassion/">Archived</a> 18 April 2020 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> 14 April 2020, time.com, accessed 10 May 2021 </li> <li id="cite_note-289"><a href="#cite_ref-289">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.france24.com/en/20180912-dalai-lama-says-europe-belongs-europeans">"Dalai Lama says 'Europe belongs to Europeans'"</a>. 12 September 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210314054736/https://www.france24.com/en/20180912-dalai-lama-says-europe-belongs-europeans">Archived</a> from the original on 14 March 2021. Retrieved 17 September 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dalai+Lama+says+%27Europe+belongs+to+Europeans%27&rft.date=2018-09-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.france24.com%2Fen%2F20180912-dalai-lama-says-europe-belongs-europeans&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-290"><a href="#cite_ref-290">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.businesstimes.com.sg/government-economy/dalai-lama-says-europe-belongs-to-europeans">"Dalai Lama says 'Europe belongs to Europeans'"</a>. 13 September 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180917105230/https://www.businesstimes.com.sg/government-economy/dalai-lama-says-europe-belongs-to-europeans">Archived</a> from the original on 17 September 2018. Retrieved 17 September 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dalai+Lama+says+%27Europe+belongs+to+Europeans%27&rft.date=2018-09-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.businesstimes.com.sg%2Fgovernment-economy%2Fdalai-lama-says-europe-belongs-to-europeans&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-291"><a href="#cite_ref-291">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBearak" class="citation web cs1">Bearak, Max. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/worldviews/wp/2016/05/31/the-dalai-lama-says-too-many-refugees-are-going-to-germany/">"The Dalai Lama says 'too many' refugees are going to Germany"</a>. facebook.com via The Washington Post. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180917105327/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/worldviews/wp/2016/05/31/the-dalai-lama-says-too-many-refugees-are-going-to-germany/">Archived</a> from the original on 17 September 2018. Retrieved 17 September 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=facebook.com+via+The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=The+Dalai+Lama+says+%27too+many%27+refugees+are+going+to+Germany&rft.aulast=Bearak&rft.aufirst=Max&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fnews%2Fworldviews%2Fwp%2F2016%2F05%2F31%2Fthe-dalai-lama-says-too-many-refugees-are-going-to-germany%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-292"><a href="#cite_ref-292">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBearak2016" class="citation web cs1">Bearak, Max (31 May 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.smh.com.au/world/migrant-crisis-dalai-lama-says-germany-cannot-become-an-arab-country-20160601-gp8mhr.html">"Migrant crisis: Dalai Lama says Germany 'cannot become an Arab country'"</a>. The Sydney Morning Herald. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210216142953/https://www.smh.com.au/world/migrant-crisis-dalai-lama-says-germany-cannot-become-an-arab-country-20160601-gp8mhr.html">Archived</a> from the original on 16 February 2021. Retrieved 17 September 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Sydney+Morning+Herald&rft.atitle=Migrant+crisis%3A+Dalai+Lama+says+Germany+%27cannot+become+an+Arab+country%27&rft.date=2016-05-31&rft.aulast=Bearak&rft.aufirst=Max&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.smh.com.au%2Fworld%2Fmigrant-crisis-dalai-lama-says-germany-cannot-become-an-arab-country-20160601-gp8mhr.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-293"><a href="#cite_ref-293">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSpencer2001" class="citation news cs1">Spencer, Richard (7 December 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/1571850/Dalai-Lama-says-successor-could-be-a-woman.html">"Dalai Lama says successor could be a woman"</a>. London: <a href="/wiki/Telegraph.co.uk" class="mw-redirect" title="Telegraph.co.uk">Telegraph.co.uk</a>. Retrieved 19 November 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Dalai+Lama+says+successor+could+be+a+woman&rft.date=2001-12-07&rft.aulast=Spencer&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworldnews%2F1571850%2FDalai-Lama-says-successor-could-be-a-woman.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-294"><a href="#cite_ref-294">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nydailynews.com/2015/05/17/blondes-have-more-fun-dalai-lama-apparently-thinks-as-he-mulls-next-reincarnation/">"Blondes have more fun, Dalai Lama apparently thinks as he mulls next reincarnation"</a>. New York Daily News. 17 May 2015. Retrieved 7 November 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=New+York+Daily+News&rft.atitle=Blondes+have+more+fun%2C+Dalai+Lama+apparently+thinks+as+he+mulls+next+reincarnation&rft.date=2015-05-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nydailynews.com%2F2015%2F05%2F17%2Fblondes-have-more-fun-dalai-lama-apparently-thinks-as-he-mulls-next-reincarnation%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-295"><a href="#cite_ref-295">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/dalai-lama-sorry-saying-female-successor-would-have-be-attractive-n1025756">"Dalai Lama sorry for saying female successor would have to be 'attractive'"</a>. NBC News. 2 July 2019. Retrieved 7 November 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NBC+News&rft.atitle=Dalai+Lama+sorry+for+saying+female+successor+would+have+to+be+%27attractive%27&rft.date=2019-07-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nbcnews.com%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Fdalai-lama-sorry-saying-female-successor-would-have-be-attractive-n1025756&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-296"><a href="#cite_ref-296">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dalailama.com/messages/retirement/retirement-remarks">"His Holiness the Dalai Lama's Remarks on Retirement – March 19th, 2011"</a>. 19 March 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130604150744/http://www.dalailama.com/messages/retirement/retirement-remarks">Archived</a> from the original on 4 June 2013. Retrieved 14 September 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=His+Holiness+the+Dalai+Lama%27s+Remarks+on+Retirement+%E2%80%93+March+19th%2C+2011&rft.date=2011-03-19&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdalailama.com%2Fmessages%2Fretirement%2Fretirement-remarks&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-297"><a href="#cite_ref-297">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dalailama.com/news/post/753-statement-of-his-holiness-the-fourteenth-dalai-lama-tenzin-gyatso-on-the-issue-of-his-reincarnation">Statement of His Holiness the Fourteenth Dalai Lama, Tenzin Gyatso, on the Issue of His Reincarnation</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130204002812/http://www.dalailama.com/news/post/753-statement-of-his-holiness-the-fourteenth-dalai-lama-tenzin-gyatso-on-the-issue-of-his-reincarnation">Archived</a> 4 February 2013 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dalailama.com/">Website of His Holiness the 14th Dalai Lama of Tibet</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120127191904/http://www.dalailama.com/">Archived</a> 27 January 2012 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> 24 September 2011. </li> <li id="cite_note-298"><a href="#cite_ref-298">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTatlow2011" class="citation news cs1">Tatlow, Didi Kirsten (15 October 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2011/10/06/world/asia/06iht-letter06.html">"Dalai Lama Keeps Firm Grip on Reins of Succession"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210624214719/https://www.nytimes.com/2011/10/06/world/asia/06iht-letter06.html">Archived</a> from the original on 24 June 2021. Retrieved 29 March 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Dalai+Lama+Keeps+Firm+Grip+on+Reins+of+Succession&rft.date=2011-10-15&rft.aulast=Tatlow&rft.aufirst=Didi+Kirsten&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2011%2F10%2F06%2Fworld%2Fasia%2F06iht-letter06.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-299"><a href="#cite_ref-299">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141006101945/http://www.ctvnews.ca/old-ctv-national-news/ctv-exclusive-dalai-lama-will-choose-successor-1.706189">"CTV Exclusive: Dalai Lama will choose successor"</a>. CTV. 3 October 2011. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ctvnews.ca/old-ctv-national-news/ctv-exclusive-dalai-lama-will-choose-successor-1.706189">the original</a> on 6 October 2014. Retrieved 27 June 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=CTV+Exclusive%3A+Dalai+Lama+will+choose+successor&rft.pub=CTV&rft.date=2011-10-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ctvnews.ca%2Fold-ctv-national-news%2Fctv-exclusive-dalai-lama-will-choose-successor-1.706189&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-300"><a href="#cite_ref-300">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aljazeera.com/news/southasia/2014/09/dalai-lama-says-successor-not-required-20149861149282451.html">"Dalai Lama says successor not required"</a>. Aljazeera. 7 September 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140910004818/http://www.aljazeera.com/news/southasia/2014/09/dalai-lama-says-successor-not-required-20149861149282451.html">Archived</a> from the original on 10 September 2014. Retrieved 9 September 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dalai+Lama+says+successor+not+required&rft.pub=Aljazeera&rft.date=2014-09-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aljazeera.com%2Fnews%2Fsouthasia%2F2014%2F09%2Fdalai-lama-says-successor-not-required-20149861149282451.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-301"><a href="#cite_ref-301">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140911104623/http://www.thewire.com/global/2014/09/china-will-make-the-dalai-lama-reincarnate-whether-he-likes-it-or-not/380003/">"China Will Make the Dalai Lama Reincarnate Whether He Likes It or Not"</a>. The Wire. 10 September 2014. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thewire.com/global/2014/09/china-will-make-the-dalai-lama-reincarnate-whether-he-likes-it-or-not/380003/">the original</a> on 11 September 2014. Retrieved 12 September 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=China+Will+Make+the+Dalai+Lama+Reincarnate+Whether+He+Likes+It+or+Not&rft.pub=The+Wire&rft.date=2014-09-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thewire.com%2Fglobal%2F2014%2F09%2Fchina-will-make-the-dalai-lama-reincarnate-whether-he-likes-it-or-not%2F380003%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-302"><a href="#cite_ref-302">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWoodheadPartridgeKawanami2016" class="citation book cs1">Woodhead, Linda; Partridge, Christopher H.; Kawanami, Hiroko (2016). Religions in the modern world: traditions and transformations (3rd ed.). Abingdon, Oxon. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-415-85880-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-415-85880-9"><bdi>978-0-415-85880-9</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/916409066">916409066</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Religions+in+the+modern+world%3A+traditions+and+transformations&rft.place=Abingdon%2C+Oxon&rft.edition=3rd&rft.date=2016&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F916409066&rft.isbn=978-0-415-85880-9&rft.aulast=Woodhead&rft.aufirst=Linda&rft.au=Partridge%2C+Christopher+H.&rft.au=Kawanami%2C+Hiroko&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-303"><a href="#cite_ref-303">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nydailynews.com/2015/05/17/blondes-have-more-fun-dalai-lama-apparently-thinks-as-he-mulls-next-reincarnation/">"Blondes have more fun, Dalai Lama apparently thinks as he mulls next reincarnation"</a>. New York Daily News. 17 May 2015. Retrieved 7 November 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=New+York+Daily+News&rft.atitle=Blondes+have+more+fun%2C+Dalai+Lama+apparently+thinks+as+he+mulls+next+reincarnation&rft.date=2015-05-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nydailynews.com%2F2015%2F05%2F17%2Fblondes-have-more-fun-dalai-lama-apparently-thinks-as-he-mulls-next-reincarnation%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-304"><a href="#cite_ref-304">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/dalai-lama-sorry-saying-female-successor-would-have-be-attractive-n1025756">"Dalai Lama sorry for saying female successor would have to be 'attractive'"</a>. NBC News. 2 July 2019. Retrieved 7 November 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NBC+News&rft.atitle=Dalai+Lama+sorry+for+saying+female+successor+would+have+to+be+%27attractive%27&rft.date=2019-07-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nbcnews.com%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Fdalai-lama-sorry-saying-female-successor-would-have-be-attractive-n1025756&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Reuters1-305"><a href="#cite_ref-Reuters1_305-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-parliament-tibet-idUSKBN0M50R920150309">"China says Dalai Lama 'profanes' Buddhism by doubting his reincarnation"</a>. Reuters. 9 March 2015. Retrieved 7 November 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=China+says+Dalai+Lama+%27profanes%27+Buddhism+by+doubting+his+reincarnation&rft.date=2015-03-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-china-parliament-tibet-idUSKBN0M50R920150309&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-306"><a href="#cite_ref-306">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tricycle.org/trikedaily/dalai-lama-feudal/">"The Dalai Lama Calls the Dalai Lama Feudal – Buddha Buzz Weekly"</a>. 2 November 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Dalai+Lama+Calls+the+Dalai+Lama+Feudal+%E2%80%93+Buddha+Buzz+Weekly&rft.date=2019-11-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftricycle.org%2Ftrikedaily%2Fdalai-lama-feudal%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-307"><a href="#cite_ref-307">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dalailama.com/news/2019/addressing-students-from-north-indian-universities">"Addressing Students from North Indian universities"</a>. His Holiness the 14th Dalai Lama of Tibet. 25 October 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191106034121/https://www.dalailama.com/news/2019/addressing-students-from-north-indian-universities">Archived</a> from the original on 6 November 2019. Retrieved 19 August 2021. <q>In seeking to balance preserving tradition and modern development, His Holiness suggested that the custom of recognising reincarnate lamas may have had its day. He remarked that no such custom existed in India. There is no reincarnation of the Buddha or Nagarjuna. He wondered what place this institution has in a democratic society.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=His+Holiness+the+14th+Dalai+Lama+of+Tibet&rft.atitle=Addressing+Students+from+North+Indian+universities&rft.date=2019-10-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dalailama.com%2Fnews%2F2019%2Faddressing-students-from-north-indian-universities&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-308"><a href="#cite_ref-308">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShri_Puri2019" class="citation news cs1">Shri Puri (26 October 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/reincarnation-feudal-should-end-now-dalai-lama-amid-successor-row-with-china/articleshow/71769825.cms">"Reincarnation feudal, should end now: Dalai Lama amid successor row with China"</a>. Times of India. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191026114939/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/reincarnation-feudal-should-end-now-dalai-lama-amid-successor-row-with-china/articleshow/71769825.cms">Archived</a> from the original on 26 October 2019. Retrieved 19 August 2021. <q>"The tradition should end now as reincarnation has some connection with the feudal system," the Dalai Lama, the 14th to hold this position, said in Dharamshala on Friday. The Dalai Lama was addressing a gathering of college students from Bhutan and India at his residence in McLeodganj when he was asked about keeping alive traditional values in modern times and passing them on to future generations. "Any culture needs to evolve over a period of time. Like the Buddhist community in India has no tradition of reincarnation or lama institution. It developed in Tibet. I think there is some feudal connection to it and it needs to change now," he told the students. "Institutions need to be owned by the people, not by an individual. Like my own institution, the Dalai Lama's office, I feel it is linked to a feudal system. In 1969, in one of my official statements, I had mentioned that it should continue... But now I feel, not necessarily. It should go. I feel it should not be concentrated in a few people only (Tibetans)," he said. Elaborating, he added, "The system should end, or at least change with the changing times. There have been cases of individual lamas who use reincarnation (to get their way) but never pay attention to study and wisdom," he said, adding that he feels there should be no institutions of lamas and no reincarnations now.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Times+of+India&rft.atitle=Reincarnation+feudal%2C+should+end+now%3A+Dalai+Lama+amid+successor+row+with+China&rft.date=2019-10-26&rft.au=Shri+Puri&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesofindia.indiatimes.com%2Findia%2Freincarnation-feudal-should-end-now-dalai-lama-amid-successor-row-with-china%2Farticleshow%2F71769825.cms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-tnyt_10-2-1998-309"><a href="#cite_ref-tnyt_10-2-1998_309-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F3061EF73E5C0C718CDDA90994D0494D81&n=Top%2fReference%2fTimes%20Topics%2fPeople%2fD%2fDalai%20Lama">"World News Briefs; Dalai Lama Group Says It Got Money From C.I.A."</a> The New York Times. 2 October 1998. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110128073617/http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F3061EF73E5C0C718CDDA90994D0494D81&n=Top%2FReference%2FTimes%20Topics%2FPeople%2FD%2FDalai%20Lama">Archived</a> from the original on 28 January 2011. Retrieved 24 November 2005.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=World+News+Briefs%3B+Dalai+Lama+Group+Says+It+Got+Money+From+C.I.A.&rft.date=1998-10-02&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fselect.nytimes.com%2Fgst%2Fabstract.html%3Fres%3DF3061EF73E5C0C718CDDA90994D0494D81%26n%3DTop%252fReference%252fTimes%2520Topics%252fPeople%252fD%252fDalai%2520Lama&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-310"><a href="#cite_ref-310">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilliam_Blum2006" class="citation book cs1">William Blum (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080321053809/http://members.aol.com/superogue/intro.htm">Rogue State: A Guide to the World's Only Superpower</a>. Zed Books. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://members.aol.com/superogue/intro.htm">the original</a> on 21 March 2008. Retrieved 2 May 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Rogue+State%3A+A+Guide+to+the+World%27s+Only+Superpower&rft.pub=Zed+Books&rft.date=2006&rft.au=William+Blum&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmembers.aol.com%2Fsuperogue%2Fintro.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-311"><a href="#cite_ref-311">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">Contemporary Tibet: Politics, Development and Society in a Disputed Region. Routledge. 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Contemporary+Tibet%3A+Politics%2C+Development+and+Society+in+a+Disputed+Region&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2017&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-312"><a href="#cite_ref-312">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMann1998" class="citation news cs1">Mann, Jim (15 September 1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1998-sep-15-mn-22993-story.html">"CIA Gave Aid to Tibetan Exiles in '60s, Files Show"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times" title="Los Angeles Times">Los Angeles Times</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130911061410/http://articles.latimes.com/1998/sep/15/news/mn-22993">Archived</a> from the original on 11 September 2013. Retrieved 8 September 2013. <q>In his 1990 autobiography, 'Freedom in Exile', the Dalai Lama explained that his two brothers made contact with the CIA during a trip to India in 1956. The CIA agreed to help, 'not because they cared about Tibetan independence, but as part of their worldwide efforts to destabilize all Communist governments', the Dalai Lama wrote.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=CIA+Gave+Aid+to+Tibetan+Exiles+in+%2760s%2C+Files+Show&rft.date=1998-09-15&rft.aulast=Mann&rft.aufirst=Jim&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-1998-sep-15-mn-22993-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-313"><a href="#cite_ref-313">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMirsky2013" class="citation web cs1">Mirsky, Jonathan (9 April 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nybooks.com/blogs/nyrblog/2013/apr/09/cias-cancelled-war-tibet/">"Tibet: The CIA's Cancelled War"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Review_of_Books" title="The New York Review of Books">The New York Review of Books</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905190033/http://www.nybooks.com/blogs/nyrblog/2013/apr/09/cias-cancelled-war-tibet/">Archived</a> from the original on 5 September 2015. Retrieved 3 November 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Review+of+Books&rft.atitle=Tibet%3A+The+CIA%27s+Cancelled+War&rft.date=2013-04-09&rft.aulast=Mirsky&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nybooks.com%2Fblogs%2Fnyrblog%2F2013%2Fapr%2F09%2Fcias-cancelled-war-tibet%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-314"><a href="#cite_ref-314">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDhundup2010" class="citation web cs1">Dhundup (5 February 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tibet.net/analysing-chinese-obsession-over/">"Analysing Chinese obsession over "son of India""</a>. <a href="/wiki/Central_Tibetan_Administration" title="Central Tibetan Administration">Central Tibetan Administration</a>. Retrieved 12 May 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Central+Tibetan+Administration&rft.atitle=Analysing+Chinese+obsession+over+%22son+of+India%22&rft.date=2010-02-05&rft.au=Dhundup&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftibet.net%2Fanalysing-chinese-obsession-over%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-315"><a href="#cite_ref-315">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/India/Tawang_is_part_of_India_Dalai_Lama_/articleshow/3097568.cms">"Tawang is part of India: Dalai Lama"</a>. TNN. 4 June 2008. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110125122218/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/India/Tawang_is_part_of_India_Dalai_Lama_/articleshow/3097568.cms">Archived</a> from the original on 25 January 2011. Retrieved 4 June 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Tawang+is+part+of+India%3A+Dalai+Lama&rft.date=2008-06-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftimesofindia.indiatimes.com%2FIndia%2FTawang_is_part_of_India_Dalai_Lama_%2Farticleshow%2F3097568.cms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-heart2-316"><a href="#cite_ref-heart2_316-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111009010035/http://chinatibet.people.com.cn/6876597.html">"A look at the Dalai Lama's ridiculous Indian heart"</a>. China Tibet Information Center. 22 January 2010. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://chinatibet.people.com.cn/6876597.html">the original</a> on 9 October 2011. Retrieved 17 August 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=A+look+at+the+Dalai+Lama%27s+ridiculous+Indian+heart&rft.date=2010-01-22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fchinatibet.people.com.cn%2F6876597.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-317"><a href="#cite_ref-317">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tibetbureau.in/mr-tsewang-gyalpo-arya-appointed-bureau-secretary/">"Mr. Tsewang Gyalpo Arya appointed Bureau Secretary | Bureau of His Holiness the Dalai Lama"</a>. tibetbureau.in. 19 November 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230413175854/https://tibetbureau.in/mr-tsewang-gyalpo-arya-appointed-bureau-secretary/">Archived</a> from the original on 13 April 2023. Retrieved 13 April 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=tibetbureau.in&rft.atitle=Mr.+Tsewang+Gyalpo+Arya+appointed+Bureau+Secretary+%7C+Bureau+of+His+Holiness+the+Dalai+Lama&rft.date=2013-11-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftibetbureau.in%2Fmr-tsewang-gyalpo-arya-appointed-bureau-secretary%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-318"><a href="#cite_ref-318">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGyalpo2010" class="citation news cs1">Gyalpo, Dhundup (9 February 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110717053610/http://www.tibetsun.com/opinions/2010/02/09/why-is-the-dalai-lama-son-of-india">"Why is the Dalai Lama 'son of India'?"</a>. Dharamshala: <a href="/wiki/Tibet_Sun" title="Tibet Sun">Tibet Sun</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tibetsun.com/opinions/2010/02/09/why-is-the-dalai-lama-son-of-india">the original</a> on 17 July 2011. Retrieved 18 August 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Why+is+the+Dalai+Lama+%27son+of+India%27%3F&rft.date=2010-02-09&rft.aulast=Gyalpo&rft.aufirst=Dhundup&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tibetsun.com%2Fopinions%2F2010%2F02%2F09%2Fwhy-is-the-dalai-lama-son-of-india&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMills2003-319"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMills2003_319-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMills2003">Mills 2003</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-320"><a href="#cite_ref-320">^</a> Prisoners of Shangri-La. Lopez, Donald. Page 191 </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKay200447–49-321"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKay200447–49_321-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFKay2004">Kay 2004</a>, pp. 47–49. </li> <li id="cite_note-Lague-2015-322">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Lague-2015_322-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lague-2015_322-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lague-2015_322-2">c</a> Lague, David. Mooney, Paul. and Lim, Benjamin Kang. (21 December 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/investigates/special-report/china-dalailama/">"China co-opts a Buddhist sect in global effort to smear Dalai Lama".</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170704004949/http://www.reuters.com/investigates/special-report/china-dalailama/">Archived</a> 4 July 2017 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Reuters. Retrieved 21 December 2015. </li> <li id="cite_note-323"><a href="#cite_ref-323">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tsemrinpoche.com/tsem-tulku-rinpoche/dorje-shugden/the-dalai-lama-speaks-clearly-about-the-dorje-shugden-ban.html">"The Dalai Lama Speaks Clearly About the Dorje Shugden Ban"</a>. Tsem Rinpoche dot com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200417015118/https://www.tsemrinpoche.com/tsem-tulku-rinpoche/dorje-shugden/the-dalai-lama-speaks-clearly-about-the-dorje-shugden-ban.html">Archived</a> from the original on 17 April 2020. Retrieved 19 June 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Tsem+Rinpoche+dot+com&rft.atitle=The+Dalai+Lama+Speaks+Clearly+About+the+Dorje+Shugden+Ban&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tsemrinpoche.com%2Ftsem-tulku-rinpoche%2Fdorje-shugden%2Fthe-dalai-lama-speaks-clearly-about-the-dorje-shugden-ban.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-324"><a href="#cite_ref-324">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDavid_LagueStephanie_Nebehay2016" class="citation web cs1">David Lague; Stephanie Nebehay (11 March 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-dalai-lama-idUSKCN0WD203">"Buddhist group leading global anti-Dalai Lama protests disbands"</a>. Reuters. Geneva, Switzerland. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160602180048/http://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-dalai-lama-idUSKCN0WD203">Archived</a> from the original on 2 June 2016. Retrieved 12 March 2016. <q>The Buddhist group leading a global campaign of harassment against the Dalai Lama has called off its demonstrations and disbanded, according to a statement on its website. The announcement comes after a Reuters investigation revealed in December that China's ruling Communist Party backs the Buddhist religious sect behind the protests that have confronted the Dalai Lama in almost every country he visits. Reuters found that the sect had become a key instrument in China's campaign to discredit the Tibetan spiritual leader.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Buddhist+group+leading+global+anti-Dalai+Lama+protests+disbands&rft.date=2016-03-11&rft.au=David+Lague&rft.au=Stephanie+Nebehay&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-china-dalai-lama-idUSKCN0WD203&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-325"><a href="#cite_ref-325">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLama2023" class="citation web cs1">Lama, The 14th Dalai (7 April 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dalailama.com/news/2016/avalokiteshvara-empowerment-and-public-talk">"Avalokiteshvara Empowerment and Public Talk"</a>. The 14th Dalai Lama. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230407101313/https://www.dalailama.com/news/2016/avalokiteshvara-empowerment-and-public-talk">Archived</a> from the original on 7 April 2023. Retrieved 7 April 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+14th+Dalai+Lama&rft.atitle=Avalokiteshvara+Empowerment+and+Public+Talk&rft.date=2023-04-07&rft.aulast=Lama&rft.aufirst=The+14th+Dalai&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dalailama.com%2Fnews%2F2016%2Favalokiteshvara-empowerment-and-public-talk&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_numeric_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list">link</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-TsemPracticeFinally-326"><a href="#cite_ref-TsemPracticeFinally_326-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThubten" class="citation web cs1">Thubten, Tsem. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tsemrinpoche.com/tsem-tulku-rinpoche/current-affairs/dalai-lama-says-we-can-practise-dorje-shugden-finally.html">"Dalai Lama Says We Can Practise Dorje Shugden Finally!"</a>. Tsem Rinpoche dot com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200419202727/https://www.tsemrinpoche.com/tsem-tulku-rinpoche/current-affairs/dalai-lama-says-we-can-practise-dorje-shugden-finally.html">Archived</a> from the original on 19 April 2020. Retrieved 20 June 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Tsem+Rinpoche+dot+com&rft.atitle=Dalai+Lama+Says+We+Can+Practise+Dorje+Shugden+Finally%21&rft.aulast=Thubten&rft.aufirst=Tsem&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tsemrinpoche.com%2Ftsem-tulku-rinpoche%2Fcurrent-affairs%2Fdalai-lama-says-we-can-practise-dorje-shugden-finally.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-327"><a href="#cite_ref-327">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLama2023" class="citation web cs1">Lama, The 14th Dalai (6 April 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dalailama.com/messages/dolgyal-shugden/statements-announcements/response-to-shugden-protestor-allegations">"In Response to the Shugden Protestors'…"</a>. The 14th Dalai Lama. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230407101313/https://www.dalailama.com/messages/dolgyal-shugden/statements-announcements/response-to-shugden-protestor-allegations">Archived</a> from the original on 7 April 2023. Retrieved 7 April 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+14th+Dalai+Lama&rft.atitle=In+Response+to+the+Shugden+Protestors%27%E2%80%A6&rft.date=2023-04-06&rft.aulast=Lama&rft.aufirst=The+14th+Dalai&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dalailama.com%2Fmessages%2Fdolgyal-shugden%2Fstatements-announcements%2Fresponse-to-shugden-protestor-allegations&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_numeric_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list">link</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-328"><a href="#cite_ref-328">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMabe2021" class="citation web cs1">Mabe, Rachel (8 December 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2021/dec/08/meditation-spirtual-sexism-womens-retreats">"When meditation turns toxic: the woman exposing spiritual sexism"</a>. the Guardian. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230608114052/https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2021/dec/08/meditation-spirtual-sexism-womens-retreats">Archived</a> from the original on 8 June 2023. Retrieved 14 April 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=the+Guardian&rft.atitle=When+meditation+turns+toxic%3A+the+woman+exposing+spiritual+sexism&rft.date=2021-12-08&rft.aulast=Mabe&rft.aufirst=Rachel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Flifeandstyle%2F2021%2Fdec%2F08%2Fmeditation-spirtual-sexism-womens-retreats&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-329">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_329-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_329-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSravasti_Dasgupta2023" class="citation web cs1">Sravasti Dasgupta (11 April 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/asia/india/dalai-lama-controversies-apologies-b2317526.html">"Dalai Lama's biggest controversies, from 'attractive female successor' to asking boy to 'suck his tongue'"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Independent" title="The Independent">The Independent</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20240512084125/https://www.independent.co.uk/asia/india/dalai-lama-controversies-apologies-b2317526.html">Archived</a> from the original on 12 May 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=Dalai+Lama%27s+biggest+controversies%2C+from+%27attractive+female+successor%27+to+asking+boy+to+%27suck+his+tongue%27&rft.date=2023-04-11&rft.au=Sravasti+Dasgupta&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fasia%2Findia%2Fdalai-lama-controversies-apologies-b2317526.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-330"><a href="#cite_ref-330">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KxkYW74HUUs">Dalai Lama: Do not reject refugees because they are Muslim - BBC News</a>, 22 September 2015, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220923171042/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KxkYW74HUUs">archived</a> from the original on 23 September 2022, retrieved 23 September 2022</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dalai+Lama%3A+Do+not+reject+refugees+because+they+are+Muslim+-+BBC+News&rft.date=2015-09-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DKxkYW74HUUs&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-331"><a href="#cite_ref-331">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLama2022" class="citation web cs1">Lama, The 14th Dalai (23 September 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dalailama.com/news/2019/clarification-and-context-of-remarks-made-by-his-holiness-the-dalai-lama-in-a-recent-bbc-interview">"Clarification and Context of Remarks Made by His"</a>. The 14th Dalai Lama. Retrieved 23 September 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+14th+Dalai+Lama&rft.atitle=Clarification+and+Context+of+Remarks+Made+by+His&rft.date=2022-09-23&rft.aulast=Lama&rft.aufirst=The+14th+Dalai&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dalailama.com%2Fnews%2F2019%2Fclarification-and-context-of-remarks-made-by-his-holiness-the-dalai-lama-in-a-recent-bbc-interview&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_numeric_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list">link</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-332"><a href="#cite_ref-332">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChhatlani2019" class="citation web cs1">Chhatlani, Harshita (5 July 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://feminisminindia.com/2019/07/05/the-dalai-lama-sexist/">"The Dalai Lama Has Been Sexist Longer Than You Have Known"</a>. Feminism In India. Retrieved 14 April 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Feminism+In+India&rft.atitle=The+Dalai+Lama+Has+Been+Sexist+Longer+Than+You+Have+Known&rft.date=2019-07-05&rft.aulast=Chhatlani&rft.aufirst=Harshita&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffeminisminindia.com%2F2019%2F07%2F05%2Fthe-dalai-lama-sexist%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-333"><a href="#cite_ref-333">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thestatesman.com/india/11th-panchen-lama-alive-receiving-education-dalai-lama-1502627372.html">11th Panchen Lama alive, receiving education: Dalai Lama</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190513203531/https://www.thestatesman.com/india/11th-panchen-lama-alive-receiving-education-dalai-lama-1502627372.html">Archived</a> 13 May 2019 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, The Statesman, 25 April 2018: "Tibetan spiritual leader Dalai Lama on Wednesday said 11th Panchen Lama Gedhun Choekyi Nyima "according to reliable source is alive and receiving normal education". Talking to the media at Gaggal Airport in Kangra district after returning from four-day Delhi visit, Lama hoped that the official Panchen Lama studies well under the guidance of a good teacher. "Then the Panchen Lama, which I recognised sometime back, there was no news, but then according to reliable information, he is still alive and receiving normal education. So we will see," he said. He said there are instances in Tibetan Buddhist tradition, "where a reincarnated lama took more than one manifestation"." </li> <li id="cite_note-334"><a href="#cite_ref-334">^</a> Dr. Andrea Galli, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://moderndiplomacy.eu/2018/05/09/dalai-lama-and-the-panchen-lama-quarrel-the-way-for-rapprochement-with-china/">Dalai Lama and the Panchen Lama quarrel: The way for rapprochement with China</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190508210435/https://moderndiplomacy.eu/2018/05/09/dalai-lama-and-the-panchen-lama-quarrel-the-way-for-rapprochement-with-china/">Archived</a> 8 May 2019 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Modern Diplomacy, 9 May 2018. </li> <li id="cite_note-NPRsucking-335"><a href="#cite_ref-NPRsucking_335-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOlson" class="citation web cs1">Olson, Emily. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.npr.org/2023/04/10/1168962589/dalai-lama-apologizes-tongue-kiss">"The Dalai Lama apologizes for asking a young boy to suck his tongue"</a>. NPR. Retrieved 17 September 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NPR&rft.atitle=The+Dalai+Lama+apologizes+for+asking+a+young+boy+to+suck+his+tongue&rft.aulast=Olson&rft.aufirst=Emily&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2F2023%2F04%2F10%2F1168962589%2Fdalai-lama-apologizes-tongue-kiss&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ellis-Petersen-2023-336">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Ellis-Petersen-2023_336-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ellis-Petersen-2023_336-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEllis-Petersen2023" class="citation news cs1">Ellis-Petersen, Hannah (10 April 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/apr/10/dalai-lama-apologises-kissing-boy-suck-his-tongue-video">"Dalai Lama apologises after kissing boy and asking him to 'suck my tongue'"</a>. The Guardian. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0261-3077">0261-3077</a>. Retrieved 13 April 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Dalai+Lama+apologises+after+kissing+boy+and+asking+him+to+%27suck+my+tongue%27&rft.date=2023-04-10&rft.issn=0261-3077&rft.aulast=Ellis-Petersen&rft.aufirst=Hannah&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2023%2Fapr%2F10%2Fdalai-lama-apologises-kissing-boy-suck-his-tongue-video&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-337"><a href="#cite_ref-337">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aninews.in/news/business/business/m3m-foundation-gets-blessing-from-hh-dalai-lama20230301123051/">"M3M Foundation gets blessing from HH Dalai Lama"</a>. ANI News. 1 March 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ANI+News&rft.atitle=M3M+Foundation+gets+blessing+from+HH+Dalai+Lama&rft.date=2023-03-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aninews.in%2Fnews%2Fbusiness%2Fbusiness%2Fm3m-foundation-gets-blessing-from-hh-dalai-lama20230301123051%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-338"><a href="#cite_ref-338">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDaza2023" class="citation web cs1">Daza, Baltasar (17 April 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latercera.com/tendencias/noticia/esto-fue-lo-que-dijo-el-nino-que-fue-besado-por-el-dalai-lama/KOAW4TU7TBAB5C6ZGBLMCZOYTY/">"Esto fue lo que dijo el niño que fue "besado" por el Dalai Lama"</a>. La Tercera. <q>Payal Kanodia, mother of the child and worker of the M3M foundation, which built the compound</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=La+Tercera&rft.atitle=Esto+fue+lo+que+dijo+el+ni%C3%B1o+que+fue+%22besado%22+por+el+Dalai+Lama&rft.date=2023-04-17&rft.aulast=Daza&rft.aufirst=Baltasar&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latercera.com%2Ftendencias%2Fnoticia%2Festo-fue-lo-que-dijo-el-nino-que-fue-besado-por-el-dalai-lama%2FKOAW4TU7TBAB5C6ZGBLMCZOYTY%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-339"><a href="#cite_ref-339">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tricycle.org/article/dalai-lama-apologizes/">"Dalai Lama Apologizes Over an Exchange with a Child"</a>. Tricycle. 12 April 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Tricycle&rft.atitle=Dalai+Lama+Apologizes+Over+an+Exchange+with+a+Child&rft.date=2023-04-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftricycle.org%2Farticle%2Fdalai-lama-apologizes%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-340"><a href="#cite_ref-340">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbsnews.com/atlanta/news/dalai-lama-apologizes-after-video-asking-child-to-suck-his-tongue-sparks-outcry/">"Dalai Lama apologizes after video asking child to 'suck' his tongue sparks outcry"</a>. CBS News. 10 April 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CBS+News&rft.atitle=Dalai+Lama+apologizes+after+video+asking+child+to+%27suck%27+his+tongue+sparks+outcry&rft.date=2023-04-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbsnews.com%2Fatlanta%2Fnews%2Fdalai-lama-apologizes-after-video-asking-child-to-suck-his-tongue-sparks-outcry%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-341"><a href="#cite_ref-341">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFC2023" class="citation web cs1">C, Rika (12 April 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hot917fm.com/say-what-nah/dalai-lama-apologizes-after-asking-boy-to-suck-his-tongue/">"Dalai Lama Apologizes After Asking Boy To Suck His Tongue"</a>. <a href="/wiki/ZNH-FM" title="ZNH-FM">ZNH-FM</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ZNH-FM&rft.atitle=Dalai+Lama+Apologizes+After+Asking+Boy+To+Suck+His+Tongue&rft.date=2023-04-12&rft.aulast=C&rft.aufirst=Rika&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhot917fm.com%2Fsay-what-nah%2Fdalai-lama-apologizes-after-asking-boy-to-suck-his-tongue%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-342"><a href="#cite_ref-342">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newschannel5.com/news/national/dalai-lama-apologizes-for-kissing-young-boy-after-criticism-circulates">"Dalai Lama apologizes for kissing young boy after criticism circulates"</a>. <a href="/wiki/WTVF" title="WTVF">WTVF</a>. 10 April 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=WTVF&rft.atitle=Dalai+Lama+apologizes+for+kissing+young+boy+after+criticism+circulates&rft.date=2023-04-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newschannel5.com%2Fnews%2Fnational%2Fdalai-lama-apologizes-for-kissing-young-boy-after-criticism-circulates&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-343"><a href="#cite_ref-343">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://torontosun.com/news/world/abuse-survivors-rip-dalai-lama-for-tongue-incident">"Abuse survivors rip Dalai Lama for tongue incident"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Toronto_Sun" title="Toronto Sun">Toronto Sun</a>. 11 April 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toronto+Sun&rft.atitle=Abuse+survivors+rip+Dalai+Lama+for+tongue+incident&rft.date=2023-04-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftorontosun.com%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Fabuse-survivors-rip-dalai-lama-for-tongue-incident&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-344"><a href="#cite_ref-344">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.foxnews.com/media/dalai-lama-under-fire-asking-young-boy-suck-his-tongue-viral-video-menace-children">"Dalai Lama under fire after asking young boy to 'suck his tongue' in bizarre viral video: 'Menace to children'"</a>. Fox News. 10 April 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Fox+News&rft.atitle=Dalai+Lama+under+fire+after+asking+young+boy+to+%27suck+his+tongue%27+in+bizarre+viral+video%3A+%27Menace+to+children%27&rft.date=2023-04-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.foxnews.com%2Fmedia%2Fdalai-lama-under-fire-asking-young-boy-suck-his-tongue-viral-video-menace-children&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-345"><a href="#cite_ref-345">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation audio-visual cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5_ibs-4RIws&t=47s">Dalai Lama accused of 'paedophilia' after asking boy to 'suck his tongue'</a> (Video). <a href="/wiki/TRT_World" title="TRT World">TRT World</a>. 10 April 2023 – via YouTube.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dalai+Lama+accused+of+%27paedophilia%27+after+asking+boy+to+%27suck+his+tongue%27&rft.pub=TRT+World&rft.date=2023-04-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3D5_ibs-4RIws%26t%3D47s&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-BBC_News-2023-346"><a href="#cite_ref-BBC_News-2023_346-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230410080108/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-65229327">"Dalai Lama regrets asking boy to 'suck my tongue'"</a>. BBC News. 10 April 2023. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-65229327">the original</a> on 10 April 2023. Retrieved 10 April 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Dalai+Lama+regrets+asking+boy+to+%27suck+my+tongue%27&rft.date=2023-04-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fworld-asia-india-65229327&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Independent-2023-347">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Independent-2023_347-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Independent-2023_347-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Independent-2023_347-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/asia/india/dalai-lama-tongue-kiss-video-tibet-b2318887.html">"Dalai Lama: The significance of 'tongue greetings' in Tibetan culture"</a>. The Independent. 13 April 2023. Retrieved 13 April 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=Dalai+Lama%3A+The+significance+of+%27tongue+greetings%27+in+Tibetan+culture&rft.date=2023-04-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fasia%2Findia%2Fdalai-lama-tongue-kiss-video-tibet-b2318887.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-348"><a href="#cite_ref-348">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlund" class="citation web cs1">Alund, Natalie Neysa. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/world/2023/04/10/dalai-lama-boy-kiss-video/11634769002/">"'Suck my tongue': Dalai Lama lambasted after video shows him kiss young boy on lips"</a>. USA TODAY. Retrieved 13 April 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=USA+TODAY&rft.atitle=%27Suck+my+tongue%27%3A+Dalai+Lama+lambasted+after+video+shows+him+kiss+young+boy+on+lips&rft.aulast=Alund&rft.aufirst=Natalie+Neysa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usatoday.com%2Fstory%2Fnews%2Fworld%2F2023%2F04%2F10%2Fdalai-lama-boy-kiss-video%2F11634769002%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-349"><a href="#cite_ref-349">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnn.com/2023/04/10/india/dalai-lama-apology-kissing-boy-video-intl-hnk/index.html">"Dalai Lama apologizes after video asking child to 'suck' his tongue sparks outcry"</a>. CNN. 11 April 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CNN&rft.atitle=Dalai+Lama+apologizes+after+video+asking+child+to+%27suck%27+his+tongue+sparks+outcry&rft.date=2023-04-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2023%2F04%2F10%2Findia%2Fdalai-lama-apology-kissing-boy-video-intl-hnk%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Pundir-2023b-350">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Pundir-2023b_350-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pundir-2023b_350-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pundir-2023b_350-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPundir2023" class="citation web cs1">Pundir, Pallavi (14 April 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vice.com/en/article/jg5854/tibetans-explain-what-suck-my-tongue-means-dalai-lama-viral-video">"Tibetans Explain What 'Suck My Tongue' Means. It's Not What You Think"</a>. Vice News.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Vice+News&rft.atitle=Tibetans+Explain+What+%27Suck+My+Tongue%27+Means.+It%27s+Not+What+You+Think.&rft.date=2023-04-14&rft.aulast=Pundir&rft.aufirst=Pallavi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vice.com%2Fen%2Farticle%2Fjg5854%2Ftibetans-explain-what-suck-my-tongue-means-dalai-lama-viral-video&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-CNN-351">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CNN_351-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-CNN_351-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnn.com/2023/04/13/india/tibetan-leader-defends-dalai-lama-kissing-boy-video-intl-hnk/index.html">"Tibetan leader defends Dalai Lama after 'suck my tongue' request to boy"</a>. CNN. 14 April 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CNN&rft.atitle=Tibetan+leader+defends+Dalai+Lama+after+%27suck+my+tongue%27+request+to+boy&rft.date=2023-04-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2023%2F04%2F13%2Findia%2Ftibetan-leader-defends-dalai-lama-kissing-boy-video-intl-hnk%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-352"><a href="#cite_ref-352">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDresser1997" class="citation web cs1">Dresser, Norine (8 November 1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1997-nov-08-me-51420-story.html">"On Sticking Out Your Tongue"</a>. Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 21 April 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=On+Sticking+Out+Your+Tongue&rft.date=1997-11-08&rft.aulast=Dresser&rft.aufirst=Norine&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-1997-nov-08-me-51420-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Pundir-2023a-353"><a href="#cite_ref-Pundir-2023a_353-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPundir2023" class="citation web cs1">Pundir, Pallavi (14 April 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vice.com/en/article/jg5854/tibetans-explain-what-suck-my-tongue-means-dalai-lama-viral-video">"Tibetans Explain What 'Suck My Tongue' Means. It's Not What You Think"</a>. Vice.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Vice&rft.atitle=Tibetans+Explain+What+%27Suck+My+Tongue%27+Means.+It%27s+Not+What+You+Think.&rft.date=2023-04-14&rft.aulast=Pundir&rft.aufirst=Pallavi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vice.com%2Fen%2Farticle%2Fjg5854%2Ftibetans-explain-what-suck-my-tongue-means-dalai-lama-viral-video&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-354"><a href="#cite_ref-354">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/dalai-lama-boy-video-dalai-lama-news-innocent-grandfatherly-prank-tibetian-president-in-exile-on-dalai-lama-video-101681440541022.html">"'Innocent grandfatherly prank': Tibetan president in exile on Dalai Lama video"</a>. Hindustan Times. 14 April 2023. Retrieved 14 April 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Hindustan+Times&rft.atitle=%27Innocent+grandfatherly+prank%27%3A+Tibetan+president+in+exile+on+Dalai+Lama+video&rft.date=2023-04-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hindustantimes.com%2Findia-news%2Fdalai-lama-boy-video-dalai-lama-news-innocent-grandfatherly-prank-tibetian-president-in-exile-on-dalai-lama-video-101681440541022.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-355"><a href="#cite_ref-355">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnn.com/2023/04/13/india/tibetan-leader-defends-dalai-lama-kissing-boy-video-intl-hnk/index.html">"Tibetan leader defends Dalai Lama after 'suck my tongue' request to boy"</a>. CNN. 14 April 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CNN&rft.atitle=Tibetan+leader+defends+Dalai+Lama+after+%27suck+my+tongue%27+request+to+boy&rft.date=2023-04-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2023%2F04%2F13%2Findia%2Ftibetan-leader-defends-dalai-lama-kissing-boy-video-intl-hnk%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-357"><a href="#cite_ref-357">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aninews.in/news/world/asia/global-tibetan-leaders-activists-stand-in-support-of-the-dalai-lama-over-viral-video20230415224432/">"Global Tibetan leaders, activists stand in support of the Dalai Lama over viral video"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Asian_News_International" title="Asian News International">Asian News International</a>. 15 April 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Global+Tibetan+leaders%2C+activists+stand+in+support+of+the+Dalai+Lama+over+viral+video&rft.date=2023-04-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aninews.in%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Fasia%2Fglobal-tibetan-leaders-activists-stand-in-support-of-the-dalai-lama-over-viral-video20230415224432%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-CTV_News-2023-358"><a href="#cite_ref-CTV_News-2023_358-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ctvnews.ca/world/tibetan-canadians-say-video-of-dalai-lama-kissing-boy-taken-out-of-context-1.6356777">"Tibetan Canadians say video of Dalai Lama kissing boy taken out of context"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CTV_News" title="CTV News">CTV News</a>. 16 April 2023. Retrieved 17 April 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CTV+News&rft.atitle=Tibetan+Canadians+say+video+of+Dalai+Lama+kissing+boy+taken+out+of+context&rft.date=2023-04-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ctvnews.ca%2Fworld%2Ftibetan-canadians-say-video-of-dalai-lama-kissing-boy-taken-out-of-context-1.6356777&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-359"><a href="#cite_ref-359">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pagina12.com.ar/542085-difunden-nuevos-videos-del-dalai-lama-de-conducta-inapropiad">"Difunden nuevos videos del Dalai Lama de conducta inapropiada hacia una menor y un incómodo momento con Lady Gaga"</a> [New videos of the Dalai Lama's inappropriate behavior towards a minor and an uncomfortable moment with Lady Gaga are disseminated]. <a href="/wiki/P%C3%A1gina_12" title="Página 12">Página 12</a> (in Spanish). 19 April 2023. Retrieved 15 June 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=P%C3%A1gina+12&rft.atitle=Difunden+nuevos+videos+del+Dalai+Lama+de+conducta+inapropiada+hacia+una+menor+y+un+inc%C3%B3modo+momento+con+Lady+Gaga&rft.date=2023-04-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pagina12.com.ar%2F542085-difunden-nuevos-videos-del-dalai-lama-de-conducta-inapropiad&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-360"><a href="#cite_ref-360">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.marca.com/en/lifestyle/2023/04/15/643ad603268e3e79598b4571.html">"Dalai Lama sparks another controversy with Lady Gaga: Another video appears in which he touches the singer's leg"</a>. <a href="/wiki/MARCA" class="mw-redirect" title="MARCA">MARCA</a>. 15 April 2023. Retrieved 11 May 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=MARCA&rft.atitle=Dalai+Lama+sparks+another+controversy+with+Lady+Gaga%3A+Another+video+appears+in+which+he+touches+the+singer%27s+leg&rft.date=2023-04-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.marca.com%2Fen%2Flifestyle%2F2023%2F04%2F15%2F643ad603268e3e79598b4571.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-361">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_361-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_361-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCarlota_Bisbe2023" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Carlota Bisbe (18 April 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lavanguardia.com/cribeo/viral/20230418/8904894/sale-luz-polemico-nuevo-video-dalai-lama-tocando-forma-inapropiada-nina-mmn.html">"Sale a la luz un polémico nuevo vídeo del Dalai Lama tocando de forma inapropiada a una niña"</a>. <a href="/wiki/La_Vanguardia" title="La Vanguardia">La Vanguardia</a> (in Spanish). Retrieved 15 June 2024. <q>El último vídeo del que todo el mundo habla aparece el líder espiritual acariciando continuamente el brazo de una niña pequeña sentada a su lado. Unas imágenes muy polémicas que han revolucionado Twitter y han generado todo tipo de críticas, la mayoría acusando al Dalai Lama de "sentir atracción por los niños". [...] Tal y como se puede ver en las imágenes, el Dalai Lama no solo no presta atención a la mujer que está hablando durante la conferencia sino que además empieza a tocar la pierna de Lady Gaga y cuando se dispone a tocar la otra, la cantante le aparta la mano.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=La+Vanguardia&rft.atitle=Sale+a+la+luz+un+pol%C3%A9mico+nuevo+v%C3%ADdeo+del+Dalai+Lama+tocando+de+forma+inapropiada+a+una+ni%C3%B1a&rft.date=2023-04-18&rft.au=Carlota+Bisbe&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lavanguardia.com%2Fcribeo%2Fviral%2F20230418%2F8904894%2Fsale-luz-polemico-nuevo-video-dalai-lama-tocando-forma-inapropiada-nina-mmn.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-362"><a href="#cite_ref-362">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unilad.com/celebrity/dalai-lama-tickling-lady-gaga-video-resurfaces-backlash-721950-20230415">"Footage of Dalai Lama tickling Lady Gaga's leg resurfaces amid backlash for kissing boy"</a>. <a href="/wiki/UNILAD" title="UNILAD">UNILAD</a>. 15 April 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=UNILAD&rft.atitle=Footage+of+Dalai+Lama+tickling+Lady+Gaga%27s+leg+resurfaces+amid+backlash+for+kissing+boy&rft.date=2023-04-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.unilad.com%2Fcelebrity%2Fdalai-lama-tickling-lady-gaga-video-resurfaces-backlash-721950-20230415&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-363"><a href="#cite_ref-363">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.filmibeat.com/bollywood/viral/2023/amid-suck-my-tongue-row-dalai-lama-tickling-singer-lady-gaga-s-knees-in-old-video-go-viral-350750.html">"Amid 'Suck My Tongue' Row, Dalai Lama TICKLING Singer Lady Gaga's Knees In Old Video Go VIRAL"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Filmibeat" class="mw-redirect" title="Filmibeat">Filmibeat</a>. 14 April 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Filmibeat&rft.atitle=Amid+%27Suck+My+Tongue%27+Row%2C+Dalai+Lama+TICKLING+Singer+Lady+Gaga%27s+Knees+In+Old+Video+Go+VIRAL&rft.date=2023-04-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.filmibeat.com%2Fbollywood%2Fviral%2F2023%2Famid-suck-my-tongue-row-dalai-lama-tickling-singer-lady-gaga-s-knees-in-old-video-go-viral-350750.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-364"><a href="#cite_ref-364">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jantakareporter.com/entertainment/after-asking-child-to-suck-his-tongue-video-of-dalai-lama-touching-lady-gaga-inappropriately-goes-viral/405023/">"After asking child to suck his tongue, video of Dalai Lama touching Lady Gaga inappropriately goes viral"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Janta_Ka_Reporter" title="Janta Ka Reporter">Janta Ka Reporter</a>. 14 April 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Janta+Ka+Reporter&rft.atitle=After+asking+child+to+suck+his+tongue%2C+video+of+Dalai+Lama+touching+Lady+Gaga+inappropriately+goes+viral&rft.date=2023-04-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jantakareporter.com%2Fentertainment%2Fafter-asking-child-to-suck-his-tongue-video-of-dalai-lama-touching-lady-gaga-inappropriately-goes-viral%2F405023%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-365"><a href="#cite_ref-365">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation audio-visual cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9x3DE92sc6g">Otra vez, Dalai Lama toca de manera inapropiada a una joven y desata críticas en redes</a> (in Spanish). <a href="/wiki/El_Universal_(Mexico_City)" title="El Universal (Mexico City)">El Universal</a>. 19 April 2023. Retrieved 15 June 2024 – via YouTube.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Otra+vez%2C+Dalai+Lama+toca+de+manera+inapropiada+a+una+joven+y+desata+cr%C3%ADticas+en+redes&rft.pub=El+Universal&rft.date=2023-04-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3D9x3DE92sc6g&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-366"><a href="#cite_ref-366">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRegina_A._Corso2013" class="citation web cs1">Regina A. Corso (29 May 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150405165043/http://www.harrisinteractive.com/NewsRoom/HarrisPolls/tabid/447/ctl/ReadCustom%20Default/mid/1508/ArticleId/1199/Default.aspx">"The Dalai Lama, President Obama and Pope Francis at Highest Levels of Popularity in U.S. and Five Largest European Countries"</a>. New York: Harris, A Nielsen Company. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.harrisinteractive.com/NewsRoom/HarrisPolls/tabid/447/ctl/ReadCustom%20Default/mid/1508/ArticleId/1199/Default.aspx">the original</a> on 5 April 2015. Retrieved 1 May 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Dalai+Lama%2C+President+Obama+and+Pope+Francis+at+Highest+Levels+of+Popularity+in+U.S.+and+Five+Largest+European+Countries&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Harris%2C+A+Nielsen+Company&rft.date=2013-05-29&rft.au=Regina+A.+Corso&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.harrisinteractive.com%2FNewsRoom%2FHarrisPolls%2Ftabid%2F447%2Fctl%2FReadCustom%2520Default%2Fmid%2F1508%2FArticleId%2F1199%2FDefault.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-367"><a href="#cite_ref-367">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMatthew_Smith2020" class="citation web cs1">Matthew Smith (22 September 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://yougov.co.uk/topics/international/articles-reports/2020/09/23/worlds-most-admired-2020">"World's most admired 2020"</a>. <a href="/wiki/YouGov" title="YouGov">YouGov</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200929020601/https://yougov.co.uk/topics/international/articles-reports/2020/09/23/worlds-most-admired-2020">Archived</a> from the original on 29 September 2020. Retrieved 27 September 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=World%27s+most+admired+2020&rft.pub=YouGov&rft.date=2020-09-22&rft.au=Matthew+Smith&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fyougov.co.uk%2Ftopics%2Finternational%2Farticles-reports%2F2020%2F09%2F23%2Fworlds-most-admired-2020&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-368"><a href="#cite_ref-368">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAnand2010" class="citation news cs1">Anand, Dibyesh (15 December 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/belief/2010/dec/15/china-dalai-lama-exile-tibetans">"The Next Dalai Lama: China has a choice"</a>. The Guardian. London. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210106164016/https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/belief/2010/dec/15/china-dalai-lama-exile-tibetans">Archived</a> from the original on 6 January 2021. Retrieved 19 December 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=The+Next+Dalai+Lama%3A+China+has+a+choice&rft.date=2010-12-15&rft.aulast=Anand&rft.aufirst=Dibyesh&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fcommentisfree%2Fbelief%2F2010%2Fdec%2F15%2Fchina-dalai-lama-exile-tibetans&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-369"><a href="#cite_ref-369">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBuckley2006" class="citation book cs1">Buckley, Michael (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/tibetbuck00buck">Tibet</a> (2 ed.). <a href="/wiki/Bradt_Travel_Guides" title="Bradt Travel Guides">Bradt Travel Guides</a>. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/tibetbuck00buck/page/35">35</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84162-164-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84162-164-7"><bdi>978-1-84162-164-7</bdi></a>. Retrieved 5 December 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Tibet&rft.pages=35&rft.edition=2&rft.pub=Bradt+Travel+Guides&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-1-84162-164-7&rft.aulast=Buckley&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Ftibetbuck00buck&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-370"><a href="#cite_ref-370">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://twitter.com/DalaiLama">"Dalai Lama"</a>. Twitter.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210427120001/https://twitter.com/DalaiLama">Archived</a> from the original on 27 April 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dalai+Lama&rft.pub=Twitter.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftwitter.com%2FDalaiLama&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-371"><a href="#cite_ref-371">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.facebook.com/DalaiLama/">"Dalai Lama"</a>. Facebook.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050408055255/https://www.facebook.com/#!/DalaiLama">Archived</a> from the original on 8 April 2005. Retrieved 17 July 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dalai+Lama&rft.pub=Facebook.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.facebook.com%2FDalaiLama%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-372"><a href="#cite_ref-372">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://instagram.com/dalailama/">"Dalai Lama: Instagram"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150818234346/https://instagram.com/dalailama/">Archived</a> from the original on 18 August 2015. Retrieved 14 July 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dalai+Lama%3A+Instagram&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Finstagram.com%2Fdalailama%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-373"><a href="#cite_ref-373">^</a> Fisher, D., Shahghasemi, E. & Heisey, D. R. (2009). A Comparative Rhetorical Analysis of the 14th Dalai Lama, Tenzin Gyatso. Midwest CIES 2009 Conference, Ohio, U.S. </li> <li id="cite_note-374"><a href="#cite_ref-374">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100812174009/http://www.cbc.ca/news/background/dalailama/interview.html">Interview</a> with <a href="/wiki/CBC_News" title="CBC News">CBC News</a>, 16 April 2004 </li> <li id="cite_note-375"><a href="#cite_ref-375">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.chicagotribune.com/1996/05/01/photos-of-dalai-lama-banned-in-monasteries-across-tibet/">"Photos of Dalai Lama Banned in Monasteries Across Tibet – tribunedigital-chicagotribune"</a>. 22 March 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160322024650/http://articles.chicagotribune.com/1996-05-01/news/9605010131_1">Archived</a> from the original on 22 March 2016. Retrieved 28 July 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Photos+of+Dalai+Lama+Banned+in+Monasteries+Across+Tibet+%E2%80%93+tribunedigital-chicagotribune&rft.date=2016-03-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.chicagotribune.com%2F1996%2F05%2F01%2Fphotos-of-dalai-lama-banned-in-monasteries-across-tibet%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-376"><a href="#cite_ref-376">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0684164/fullcredits">""Red Dwarf" Meltdown (TV Episode 1991)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/IMDb" title="IMDb">IMDb</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210103170601/https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0684164/fullcredits">Archived</a> from the original on 3 January 2021. Retrieved 1 July 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IMDb&rft.atitle=%22Red+Dwarf%22+Meltdown+%28TV+Episode+1991%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.imdb.com%2Ftitle%2Ftt0684164%2Ffullcredits&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-377"><a href="#cite_ref-377">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hotstar.com/in/tv/mega-icons/1260000382/dalai-lama/1770019091">"Mega Icons Season 1 Episode 5"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Disney%2B_Hotstar" title="Disney+ Hotstar">Disney+ Hotstar</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210624200957/https://www.hotstar.com/in/tv/mega-icons/1260000382/dalai-lama/1770019091">Archived</a> from the original on 24 June 2021. Retrieved 12 June 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Disney%2B+Hotstar&rft.atitle=Mega+Icons+Season+1+Episode+5&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hotstar.com%2Fin%2Ftv%2Fmega-icons%2F1260000382%2Fdalai-lama%2F1770019091&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-378"><a href="#cite_ref-378">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bLY45o6rHm0">Dalai Lama: Last Week Tonight with John Oliver (HBO)</a>, 5 March 2017, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210412152102/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bLY45o6rHm0">archived</a> from the original on 12 April 2021, retrieved 7 September 2017</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dalai+Lama%3A+Last+Week+Tonight+with+John+Oliver+%28HBO%29&rft.date=2017-03-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DbLY45o6rHm0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-379"><a href="#cite_ref-379">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tibethouse.us/man-of-peace-graphics-novel/">"Man of Peace Graphic Novel"</a>. tibethouse.us. Tibet House US. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210126014804/https://tibethouse.us/man-of-peace-graphics-novel/">Archived</a> from the original on 26 January 2021. Retrieved 28 March 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=tibethouse.us&rft.atitle=Man+of+Peace+Graphic+Novel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftibethouse.us%2Fman-of-peace-graphics-novel%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-380"><a href="#cite_ref-380">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSamphel2018" class="citation news cs1">Samphel, Thubten (9 February 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hindustantimes.com/books/review-man-of-peace-the-illustrated-story-of-the-dalai-lama-of-tibet/story-YJrXNSkScYLHCX4ygoZoPP.html">"Review: Man of Peace – The Illustrated Story of the Dalai Lama of Tibet"</a>. Hindustan Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022173730/https://www.hindustantimes.com/books/review-man-of-peace-the-illustrated-story-of-the-dalai-lama-of-tibet/story-YJrXNSkScYLHCX4ygoZoPP.html">Archived</a> from the original on 22 October 2019. Retrieved 22 October 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hindustan+Times&rft.atitle=Review%3A+Man+of+Peace+%E2%80%93+The+Illustrated+Story+of+the+Dalai+Lama+of+Tibet&rft.date=2018-02-09&rft.aulast=Samphel&rft.aufirst=Thubten&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hindustantimes.com%2Fbooks%2Freview-man-of-peace-the-illustrated-story-of-the-dalai-lama-of-tibet%2Fstory-YJrXNSkScYLHCX4ygoZoPP.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-381"><a href="#cite_ref-381">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.simonandschuster.com/books/The-Extraordinary-Life-of-His-Holiness-the-Fourteenth-Dalai-Lama/Dalai-Lama/9781614297499">The Extraordinary Life of His Holiness the Fourteenth Dalai Lama, An Illuminated Journey</a>. Simon and Schuster. 8 June 2021. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781614297499" title="Special:BookSources/9781614297499"><bdi>9781614297499</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210709185443/https://www.simonandschuster.com/books/The-Extraordinary-Life-of-His-Holiness-the-Fourteenth-Dalai-Lama/Dalai-Lama/9781614297499">Archived</a> from the original on 9 July 2021. Retrieved 6 July 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Extraordinary+Life+of+His+Holiness+the+Fourteenth+Dalai+Lama%2C+An+Illuminated+Journey&rft.pub=Simon+and+Schuster&rft.date=2021-06-08&rft.isbn=9781614297499&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.simonandschuster.com%2Fbooks%2FThe-Extraordinary-Life-of-His-Holiness-the-Fourteenth-Dalai-Lama%2FDalai-Lama%2F9781614297499&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-382"><a href="#cite_ref-382">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dalailama.com/the-dalai-lama/events-and-awards/major-awards-and-honorary-conferments/award-honors-1957-1999">"Award & Honors 1957–1999"</a>. dalailama.com. Office of His Holiness the Dalai Lama. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210427154933/https://www.dalailama.com/the-dalai-lama/events-and-awards/major-awards-and-honorary-conferments/award-honors-1957-1999">Archived</a> from the original on 27 April 2021. Retrieved 28 March 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=dalailama.com&rft.atitle=Award+%26+Honors+1957%E2%80%931999&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dalailama.com%2Fthe-dalai-lama%2Fevents-and-awards%2Fmajor-awards-and-honorary-conferments%2Faward-honors-1957-1999&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-383"><a href="#cite_ref-383">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dalailama.com/the-dalai-lama/events-and-awards/major-awards-and-honorary-conferments">"Awards & Honors 2000 – present"</a>. dalailama.com. Office of His Holiness the Dala Lama. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210416160009/https://www.dalailama.com/the-dalai-lama/events-and-awards/major-awards-and-honorary-conferments">Archived</a> from the original on 16 April 2021. Retrieved 28 March 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=dalailama.com&rft.atitle=Awards+%26+Honors+2000+%E2%80%93+present&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dalailama.com%2Fthe-dalai-lama%2Fevents-and-awards%2Fmajor-awards-and-honorary-conferments&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-384"><a href="#cite_ref-384">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090327172930/http://www.tibet.com/DL/awards.html">"List of awards"</a>. Replay.waybackmachine.org. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tibet.com/DL/awards.html">the original</a> on 27 March 2009. Retrieved 17 July 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=List+of+awards&rft.pub=Replay.waybackmachine.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tibet.com%2FDL%2Fawards.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cherian-385"><a href="#cite_ref-Cherian_385-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCherian2010" class="citation news cs1">Cherian, John (November 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120910140258/http://www.frontlineonnet.com/fl2722/stories/20101105272202800.htm">"Not so noble"</a>. Vol. 27, no. 23. <a href="/wiki/Frontline_(magazine)" title="Frontline (magazine)">Frontline</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.frontlineonnet.com/fl2722/stories/20101105272202800.htm">the original</a> on 10 September 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Not+so+noble&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=23&rft.date=2010-11&rft.aulast=Cherian&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.frontlineonnet.com%2Ffl2722%2Fstories%2F20101105272202800.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-386"><a href="#cite_ref-386">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/peace/laureates/1989/presentation-speech.html">"Presentation Speech by Egil Aarvik, Chairman of the Norwegian Nobel Committee"</a>. Nobelprize.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080906163726/http://nobelprize.org/peace/laureates/1989/presentation-speech.html">Archived</a> from the original on 6 September 2008. Retrieved 2 May 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Presentation+Speech+by+Egil+Aarvik%2C+Chairman+of+the+Norwegian+Nobel+Committee&rft.pub=Nobelprize.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fpeace%2Flaureates%2F1989%2Fpresentation-speech.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-387"><a href="#cite_ref-387">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/peace/articles/gandhi/">"Mahatma Gandhi, the Missing Laureate"</a>. Nobelprize.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130530232214/http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/peace/articles/gandhi/">Archived</a> from the original on 30 May 2013. Retrieved 12 March 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mahatma+Gandhi%2C+the+Missing+Laureate&rft.pub=Nobelprize.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fpeace%2Farticles%2Fgandhi%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-388"><a href="#cite_ref-388">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090105224323/http://www.rmaf.org.ph/Awardees/Citation/CitationDalaiLam.htm">"1959 Ramon Magsaysay Award for Community Leadership – Dalai Lama"</a>. Replay.waybackmachine.org. 5 January 2009. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rmaf.org.ph/Awardees/Citation/CitationDalaiLam.htm">the original</a> on 5 January 2009. Retrieved 17 July 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Replay.waybackmachine.org&rft.atitle=1959+Ramon+Magsaysay+Award+for+Community+Leadership+%E2%80%93+Dalai+Lama&rft.date=2009-01-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rmaf.org.ph%2FAwardees%2FCitation%2FCitationDalaiLam.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-389"><a href="#cite_ref-389">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150325223647/http://www.rooseveltinstitute.org/four-freedoms-awards">"Four Freedoms Awards"</a>. Roosevelt Institute. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rooseveltinstitute.org/four-freedoms-awards">the original</a> on 25 March 2015. Retrieved 23 September 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Four+Freedoms+Awards&rft.pub=Roosevelt+Institute&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rooseveltinstitute.org%2Ffour-freedoms-awards&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-390"><a href="#cite_ref-390">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wallenberg.umich.edu/medal-recipients/1994-dalai-lama-of-tibet/">"Wallenberg Medal to His Holiness Tenzin Gyatso, Fourteenth Dalai Lama of Tibet"</a>. 21 April 1994.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Wallenberg+Medal+to+His+Holiness+Tenzin+Gyatso%2C+Fourteenth+Dalai+Lama+of+Tibet&rft.date=1994-04-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwallenberg.umich.edu%2Fmedal-recipients%2F1994-dalai-lama-of-tibet%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-391"><a href="#cite_ref-391">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKnowlton2007" class="citation news cs1">Knowlton, Brian (18 October 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2007/10/18/washington/18lama.html?_r=0">"Bush and Congress Honor Dalai Lama"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130514174619/http://www.nytimes.com/2007/10/18/washington/18lama.html?_r=0">Archived</a> from the original on 14 May 2013. Retrieved 9 January 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Bush+and+Congress+Honor+Dalai+Lama&rft.date=2007-10-18&rft.aulast=Knowlton&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2007%2F10%2F18%2Fwashington%2F18lama.html%3F_r%3D0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-392"><a href="#cite_ref-392">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHaberman2007" class="citation news cs1">Haberman, Clyde (19 October 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2007/10/19/nyregion/19nyc.html">"A Hubbub Over a Visit by the Dalai Lama? Not in New York"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190402134531/https://www.nytimes.com/2007/10/19/nyregion/19nyc.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2 April 2019. Retrieved 2 April 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=A+Hubbub+Over+a+Visit+by+the+Dalai+Lama%3F+Not+in+New+York&rft.date=2007-10-19&rft.aulast=Haberman&rft.aufirst=Clyde&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2007%2F10%2F19%2Fnyregion%2F19nyc.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-savetibet.ru-2021-393">^ <a href="#cite_ref-savetibet.ru-2021_393-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-savetibet.ru-2021_393-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://savetibet.ru/2012/02/03/dalai-lama.html">"Его Святейшеству Далай-ламе присвоен Орден Республики Тыва"</a>. savetibet.ru. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211031062339/http://savetibet.ru/2012/02/03/dalai-lama.html">Archived</a> from the original on 31 October 2021. Retrieved 30 October 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=savetibet.ru&rft.atitle=%D0%95%D0%B3%D0%BE+%D0%A1%D0%B2%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%88%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D1%83+%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9-%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5+%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BD+%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD+%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8+%D0%A2%D1%8B%D0%B2%D0%B0&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsavetibet.ru%2F2012%2F02%2F03%2Fdalai-lama.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-394"><a href="#cite_ref-394">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://foundationcenter.org/pnd/news/story.jhtml?id=375500002">"Dalai Lama Wins 2012 Templeton Prize"</a>. Philanthropy News Daily. 30 March 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130523192906/http://foundationcenter.org/pnd/news/story.jhtml?id=375500002">Archived</a> from the original on 23 May 2013. Retrieved 30 March 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philanthropy+News+Daily&rft.atitle=Dalai+Lama+Wins+2012+Templeton+Prize&rft.date=2012-03-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffoundationcenter.org%2Fpnd%2Fnews%2Fstory.jhtml%3Fid%3D375500002&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-395"><a href="#cite_ref-395">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.indianexpress.com/news/dalai-lama-gives-templeton-prize-money-to-indian-charity/949181/">"Dalai Lama gives Templeton Prize money to Indian charity"</a>. 14 May 2010. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121114054424/http://www.indianexpress.com/news/dalai-lama-gives-templeton-prize-money-to-indian-charity/949181/">Archived</a> from the original on 14 November 2012. Retrieved 15 May 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dalai+Lama+gives+Templeton+Prize+money+to+Indian+charity&rft.date=2010-05-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.indianexpress.com%2Fnews%2Fdalai-lama-gives-templeton-prize-money-to-indian-charity%2F949181%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-emory-396"><a href="#cite_ref-emory_396-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081005190343/http://news.emory.edu/Releases/DalaiLama1170686715.html">"Dalai Lama named Emory distinguished professor"</a>. News.emory.edu. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.emory.edu/Releases/DalaiLama1170686715.html">the original</a> on 5 October 2008. Retrieved 2 May 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dalai+Lama+named+Emory+distinguished+professor&rft.pub=News.emory.edu&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.emory.edu%2FReleases%2FDalaiLama1170686715.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-397"><a href="#cite_ref-397">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSengupta2008" class="citation web cs1">Sengupta, Ratnottama (28 September 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/now-hindus-cant-head-mahabodhi-society/articleshow/3535612.cms">"Now, Hindus can't head Mahabodhi Society"</a>. The Times of India. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210626164533/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/now-hindus-cant-head-mahabodhi-society/articleshow/3535612.cms">Archived</a> from the original on 26 June 2021. Retrieved 16 February 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+India&rft.atitle=Now%2C+Hindus+can%27t+head+Mahabodhi+Society&rft.date=2008-09-28&rft.aulast=Sengupta&rft.aufirst=Ratnottama&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesofindia.indiatimes.com%2Fcity%2Fkolkata%2Fnow-hindus-cant-head-mahabodhi-society%2Farticleshow%2F3535612.cms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-398"><a href="#cite_ref-398">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.offiziellecharts.de/album-details-422995">"Offiziellecharts.de – Dalai Lama – Inner World"</a>. <a href="/wiki/GfK_Entertainment_Charts" class="mw-redirect" title="GfK Entertainment Charts">GfK Entertainment Charts</a>. Retrieved 3 June 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Offiziellecharts.de+%E2%80%93+Dalai+Lama+%E2%80%93+Inner+World&rft.pub=GfK+Entertainment+Charts&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.offiziellecharts.de%2Falbum-details-422995&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-399"><a href="#cite_ref-399">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://swisscharts.com/album/Dalai-Lama/Inner-World-422995">"Swisscharts.com – Dalai Lama – Inner World"</a>. Hung Meiden. Retrieved 3 June 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Swisscharts.com+%E2%80%93+Dalai+Lama+%E2%80%93+Inner+World&rft.pub=Hung+Meiden&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fswisscharts.com%2Falbum%2FDalai-Lama%2FInner-World-422995&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-400"><a href="#cite_ref-400">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.billboard.com/pro/dalai-lama-makes-billboard-chart-debut-with-inner-world-album/">"Dalai Lama Makes Billboard Chart Debut With 'Inner World' Album"</a>. Billboard. Retrieved 3 June 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Billboard&rft.atitle=Dalai+Lama+Makes+Billboard+Chart+Debut+With+%27Inner+World%27+Album&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.billboard.com%2Fpro%2Fdalai-lama-makes-billboard-chart-debut-with-inner-world-album%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-401"><a href="#cite_ref-401">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230604044800/https://music.apple.com/us/album/compassion-single/1517367577">"Compassion - Single by Dalai Lama on Apple Music"</a>. Apple Music. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://music.apple.com/us/album/compassion-single/1517367577">the original</a> on 4 June 2023. Retrieved 3 June 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Apple+Music&rft.atitle=Compassion+-+Single+by+Dalai+Lama+on+Apple+Music&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmusic.apple.com%2Fus%2Falbum%2Fcompassion-single%2F1517367577&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sources">Sources</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=14th_Dalai_Lama&action=edit&section=43" title="Edit section: Sources">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li>Craig, Mary. Kundun: A Biography of the Family of the Dalai Lama (1997) Counterpoint. Calcutta. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-887178-64-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-887178-64-8">978-1-887178-64-8</a>.</li> <li>Bell, Sir Charles (1946). Portrait of the Dalai Lama Wm. Collins, London, 1st edition. (1987) Wisdom Publications, London. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/086171055X" title="Special:BookSources/086171055X">086171055X</a>.</li> <li>Iyer, Pico. The Open Road: The Global Journey of the Fourteenth Dalai Lama (2008) Alfred A. Knopf, Inc. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-307-38755-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-307-38755-4">978-0-307-38755-4</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKay2004" class="citation book cs1">Kay, David N. (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/tibetanzenbuddhi00kayd">Tibetan and Zen Buddhism in Britain: Transplantation, development and adaptation</a>. London: Routledge Curzon. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/tibetanzenbuddhi00kayd/page/n60">44</a>–52. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-415-29765-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-415-29765-6"><bdi>0-415-29765-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Tibetan+and+Zen+Buddhism+in+Britain%3A+Transplantation%2C+development+and+adaptation&rft.place=London&rft.pages=44-52&rft.pub=Routledge+Curzon&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=0-415-29765-6&rft.aulast=Kay&rft.aufirst=David+N.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Ftibetanzenbuddhi00kayd&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"></li> <li>Knaus, Robert Kenneth. Orphans of the Cold War: America and the Tibetan Struggle for Survival (1999) PublicAffairs. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-891620-18-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-891620-18-8">978-1-891620-18-8</a>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">Laird, Thomas (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/storyoftibetconv00lair">The Story of Tibet : Conversations with the Dalai Lama</a> (1st ed.). New York: Grove Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8021-1827-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8021-1827-1"><bdi>978-0-8021-1827-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Story+of+Tibet+%3A+Conversations+with+the+Dalai+Lama&rft.place=New+York&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=Grove+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-0-8021-1827-1&rft.aulast=Laird&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fstoryoftibetconv00lair&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMills2003" class="citation cs2">Mills, Martin A. (2003), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://info-buddhism.com/Shugden_Controversy-Turbulent_Priest-Religious_Rights-Mills.html">This turbulent priest: contesting religious rights and the state in the Tibetan Shugden controversy. In: Human Rights in Global Perspective</a>, Routledge, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-415-30410-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-415-30410-5"><bdi>0-415-30410-5</bdi></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191014145616/https://www.info-buddhism.com/Shugden_Controversy-Turbulent_Priest-Religious_Rights-Mills.html">archived</a> from the original on 14 October 2019, retrieved 30 March 2020</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=This+turbulent+priest%3A+contesting+religious+rights+and+the+state+in+the+Tibetan+Shugden+controversy.+In%3A+Human+Rights+in+Global+Perspective&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=0-415-30410-5&rft.aulast=Mills&rft.aufirst=Martin+A.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Finfo-buddhism.com%2FShugden_Controversy-Turbulent_Priest-Religious_Rights-Mills.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A14th+Dalai+Lama" class="Z3988"></li> <li>Mullin, Glenn H. (2001). The Fourteen Dalai Lamas: A Sacred Legacy of Reincarnation, pp. 452–515. Clear Light Publishers. Santa Fe, New Mexico. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-57416-092-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-57416-092-5">978-1-57416-092-5</a>.</li> <li>Richardson, Hugh E. (1984). Tibet & Its History. 1st edition 1962. 2nd edition, Revised and Updated. Shambhala Publications, Boston. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-87773-376-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-87773-376-8">978-0-87773-376-8</a> (pbk).</li> <li>Shakya, Tsering. The Dragon in the Land of Snows (1999) Columbia University Press. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-231-11814-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-231-11814-9">978-0-231-11814-9</a>.</li> <li>United States. Congressional-Executive Commission on China. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://purl.fdlp.gov/GPO/gpo18813">The Dalai Lama: What He Means for Tibetans Today: Roundtable before the Congressional-Executive Commission on China, One Hundred Twelfth Congress, First Session, 13 July 2011.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211213185342/https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CHRG-112hhrg70941/pdf/CHRG-112hhrg70941.pdf">Archived</a> 13 December 2021 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Washington, D.C.: U.S. G.P.O., 2012.</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=14th_Dalai_Lama&action=edit&section=44" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1250146164">.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow{padding:0.75em 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow>b{display:block}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul{border-top:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.75em 0;width:217px;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul>li{min-height:31px}.mw-parser-output .sister-logo{display:inline-block;width:31px;line-height:31px;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-link{display:inline-block;margin-left:4px;width:182px;vertical-align:middle}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div role="navigation" aria-labelledby="sister-projects" class="side-box metadata side-box-right sister-box sistersitebox plainlinks"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"> 14th Dalai Lama at Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_sister_projects" title="Wikipedia:Wikimedia sister projects">sister projects</a></div> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A6%E0%BE%90%E0%BD%B4%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%98%E0%BD%91%E0%BD%B4%E0%BD%93%E0%BC%8B" class="extiw" title="c:སྐུ་མདུན་">Media</a> from Commons</li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/27px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/41px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/54px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="759" data-file-height="415" /><a href="https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Category:Tenzin_Gyatso,_14th_Dalai_Lama" class="extiw" title="n:Category:Tenzin Gyatso, 14th Dalai Lama">News</a> from Wikinews</li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/23px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/35px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/46px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Tenzin_Gyatso,_14th_Dalai_Lama" class="extiw" title="q:Tenzin Gyatso, 14th Dalai Lama">Quotations</a> from Wikiquote</li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/26px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/39px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/51px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:Tenzin_Gyatso" class="extiw" title="s:Author:Tenzin Gyatso">Texts</a> from Wikisource</li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/27px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/41px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/54px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /><a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Tenzin_Gyatso" class="extiw" title="b:Tenzin Gyatso">Textbooks</a> from Wikibooks</li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/27px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/41px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/54px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17293" class="extiw" title="d:Q17293">Data</a> from Wikidata</li></ul></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dalaiLama.com/">Official website</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17293#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lamayeshe.com/teachings?f%5B0%5D=field_teacher%3A77">Teachings by the Dalai Lama</a></li> <li>A film clip <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/1959-04-30_Dalai_Lama_Greeted_By_Nehru">"Dalai Lama Greeted By Nehru, Again Blasts Reds, 1959/04/30 (1959)"</a> is available for viewing at the <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://digitalcollections.ucsc.edu/cdm/search/searchterm/Bstan-%CA%BCdzin-rgya-mtsho/order/title">Photographs of the Dalai Lama's visit to UC Santa Cruz, October 1979 from the UC Santa Cruz Library's Digital Collections</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170405234749/http://digitalcollections.ucsc.edu/cdm/search/searchterm/Bstan-%CA%BCdzin-rgya-mtsho/order/title">Archived</a> 5 April 2017 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.c-span.org/person/?22717">Appearances</a> on <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://purl.org/pressemappe20/folder/pe/003647">Newspaper clippings about 14th Dalai Lama</a> in the <a href="/wiki/20th_Century_Press_Archives" title="20th Century Press Archives">20th Century Press Archives</a> of the <a href="/wiki/German_National_Library_of_Economics" title="German National Library of Economics">ZBW</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nobelprize.org/laureate/551">14th Dalai Lama</a> on Nobelprize.org <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17293#P8024" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></li></ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFD700; text-align:center;"><div>14th Dalai Lama </div><div><a href="/wiki/Dalai_Lama" title="Dalai Lama">Dalai Lama</a></div>Born: 6 July 1935 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FABE60;"><a href="/wiki/Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhist titles</a> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/13th_Dalai_Lama" title="13th Dalai Lama">Thubten Gyatso</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/Dalai_Lama" title="Dalai Lama">Dalai Lama</a> 1935–present Recognised in 1937; enthroned in 1940 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Incumbent Heir: <a href="/wiki/15th_Dalai_Lama" class="mw-redirect" title="15th Dalai Lama">15th Dalai Lama</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ccccff;">Political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/3rd_Taktra_Rinpoche" title="3rd Taktra Rinpoche">Ngawang Sungrab Thutob</a> Regent</div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> Ruler of <a href="/wiki/Tibet" title="Tibet">Tibet</a> 1950–1959 Part of the <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="People's Republic of China">People's Republic of China</a> from 1951 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;">fled to India during the <a href="/wiki/1959_Tibetan_uprising" title="1959 Tibetan uprising">1959 rebellion</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">New office </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> Director of the Preparatory Committee for the <a href="/wiki/Tibet_Autonomous_Region" title="Tibet Autonomous Region">Tibet Autonomous Region</a> 1956–1959 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Choekyi_Gyaltsen,_10th_Panchen_Lama" title="Choekyi Gyaltsen, 10th Panchen Lama">Choekyi Gyaltsen, 10th Panchen Erdeni</a></div>as Acting Director </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">New office </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/Head_of_state" title="Head of state">Head of state</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Central_Tibetan_Administration" title="Central Tibetan Administration">Central Tibetan Administration</a> 1959–2012 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Lobsang_Sangay" title="Lobsang Sangay">Lobsang Sangay</a></div>as <a href="/wiki/Sikyong" title="Sikyong">Sikyong</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFF179;">Awards and achievements </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_peacekeeping" title="United Nations peacekeeping">United Nations Peacekeeping Forces</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/List_of_Nobel_Peace_Prize_laureates" title="List of Nobel Peace Prize laureates">Laureate</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="Nobel Peace Prize">Nobel Peace Prize</a> 1989 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Gorbachev" title="Mikhail Gorbachev">Mikhail Gorbachev</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="The_14th_Dalai_Lama" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible expanded navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background: #B00760; color: #FFD700;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:14th_Dalai_Lama" title="Template:14th Dalai Lama"><abbr title="View this template" style="color: #FFD700">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:14th_Dalai_Lama" title="Template talk:14th Dalai Lama"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color: #FFD700">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:14th_Dalai_Lama" title="Special:EditPage/Template:14th Dalai Lama"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color: #FFD700">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="The_14th_Dalai_Lama" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">The 14th Dalai Lama</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Books</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>My Land and My People (1962)</li> <li>Essential Teachings (1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_in_Exile" title="Freedom in Exile">Freedom in Exile: The Autobiography of the Dalai Lama</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_World_of_Tibetan_Buddhism" title="The World of Tibetan Buddhism">The World of Tibetan Buddhism</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Art_of_Happiness" title="The Art of Happiness">The Art of Happiness</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Wisdom,_Modern_World" title="Ancient Wisdom, Modern World">Ancient Wisdom, Modern World: Ethics for the new Millennium</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Power_of_Buddhism" title="The Power of Buddhism">The Power of Buddhism</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/An_Open_Heart_(book)" title="An Open Heart (book)">An Open Heart</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Universe_in_a_Single_Atom" title="The Universe in a Single Atom">The Universe in a Single Atom</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/How_to_See_Yourself_as_You_Really_Are" title="How to See Yourself as You Really Are">How to See Yourself As You Really Are</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/My_Spiritual_Autobiography" title="My Spiritual Autobiography">My Spiritual Autobiography</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beyond_Religion:_Ethics_for_a_Whole_World" title="Beyond Religion: Ethics for a Whole World">Beyond Religion: Ethics for a Whole World</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Book_of_Joy" title="The Book of Joy">The Book of Joy</a> (2016)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><a href="/wiki/File:Dalai_Lama_1430_Luca_Galuzzi_2007crop.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Tenzin Gyatso, 14th Dalai Lama"><img alt="Tenzin Gyatso, 14th Dalai Lama" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Dalai_Lama_1430_Luca_Galuzzi_2007crop.jpg/60px-Dalai_Lama_1430_Luca_Galuzzi_2007crop.jpg" decoding="async" width="60" height="99" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Dalai_Lama_1430_Luca_Galuzzi_2007crop.jpg/90px-Dalai_Lama_1430_Luca_Galuzzi_2007crop.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Dalai_Lama_1430_Luca_Galuzzi_2007crop.jpg/120px-Dalai_Lama_1430_Luca_Galuzzi_2007crop.jpg 2x" data-file-width="748" data-file-height="1234" /></a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organized vision</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Foundation_for_Universal_Responsibility_of_His_Holiness_the_Dalai_Lama" title="Foundation for Universal Responsibility of His Holiness the Dalai Lama">Foundation for Universal Responsibility of His Holiness the Dalai Lama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Tibetan_Works_and_Archives" title="Library of Tibetan Works and Archives">Library of Tibetan Works and Archives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dalai_Lama_Center_for_Peace_and_Education" title="Dalai Lama Center for Peace and Education">Dalai Lama Center for Peace and Education</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diki_Tsering" title="Diki Tsering">Diki Tsering (mother)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thubten_Jigme_Norbu" title="Thubten Jigme Norbu">Thubten Jigme Norbu (brother)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jetsun_Pema_(born_1940)" title="Jetsun Pema (born 1940)">Jetsun Pema (sister)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thupten_Jinpa" title="Thupten Jinpa">Thupten Jinpa (translator)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Awards_and_honors_presented_to_the_14th_Dalai_Lama" class="mw-redirect" title="Awards and honors presented to the 14th Dalai Lama">Recognition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_overseas_visits_by_the_14th_Dalai_Lama_outside_India" class="mw-redirect" title="List of overseas visits by the 14th Dalai Lama outside India">Travels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seven_Years_in_Tibet_(1997_film)" title="Seven Years in Tibet (1997 film)">Seven Years in Tibet (1997 film)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kundun" title="Kundun">Kundun (1997 film)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/What_Remains_of_Us" title="What Remains of Us">What Remains of Us (2004 documentary)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/10_Questions_for_the_Dalai_Lama" title="10 Questions for the Dalai Lama">10 Questions for the Dalai Lama (2006 documentary)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dalai_Lama_Renaissance" title="Dalai Lama Renaissance">Dalai Lama Renaissance (2007 documentary)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Sun_Behind_the_Clouds" title="The Sun Behind the Clouds">The Sun Behind the Clouds (2010 documentary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dalai_Lama_Awakening" title="Dalai Lama Awakening">Dalai Lama Awakening (2014 documentary)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compassion_in_Action" title="Compassion in Action">Compassion in Action (2014 documentary)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Dalai_Lamas" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="4" style="background: #B00760; color: #FFD700;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Dalai_Lamas" title="Template:Dalai Lamas"><abbr title="View this template" style="color: #FFD700">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Dalai_Lamas" title="Template talk:Dalai Lamas"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color: #FFD700">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Dalai_Lamas" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Dalai Lamas"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color: #FFD700">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Dalai_Lamas" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Dalai_Lama" title="Dalai Lama">Dalai Lamas</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 2px 0 0"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:1st_Dalai_Lama.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Gendun Drup, 1st Dalai Lama"><img alt="Gendun Drup, 1st Dalai Lama" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/1st_Dalai_Lama.jpg/40px-1st_Dalai_Lama.jpg" decoding="async" width="40" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/1st_Dalai_Lama.jpg/60px-1st_Dalai_Lama.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/1st_Dalai_Lama.jpg/80px-1st_Dalai_Lama.jpg 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="449" /></a><figcaption>Gendun Drup, 1st Dalai Lama</figcaption></figure></div></td><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/1st_Dalai_Lama" title="1st Dalai Lama">Gendun Drup</a> (1391–1474)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2nd_Dalai_Lama" title="2nd Dalai Lama">Gendun Gyatso</a> (1475–1542)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/3rd_Dalai_Lama" title="3rd Dalai Lama">Sonam</a> (1543–1588)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/4th_Dalai_Lama" title="4th Dalai Lama">Yonten</a> (1589–1617)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/5th_Dalai_Lama" title="5th Dalai Lama">Lozang</a> (1617–1682)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/6th_Dalai_Lama" title="6th Dalai Lama">Tsangyang</a> (1683–1706)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/7th_Dalai_Lama" title="7th Dalai Lama">Kelzang</a> (1708–1757)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/8th_Dalai_Lama" title="8th Dalai Lama">Jamphel</a> (1758–1804)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/9th_Dalai_Lama" title="9th Dalai Lama">Lungtok</a> (1805–1815)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/10th_Dalai_Lama" title="10th Dalai Lama">Tsultrim</a> (1816–1837)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/11th_Dalai_Lama" title="11th Dalai Lama">Khedrup</a> (1838–1856)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/12th_Dalai_Lama" title="12th Dalai Lama">Trinley</a> (1857–1875)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/13th_Dalai_Lama" title="13th Dalai Lama">Thubten</a> (1876–1933)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Tenzin</a> (1935–present)</li></ol> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><a href="/wiki/File:Dalai_Lama_1430_Luca_Galuzzi_2007crop.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Tenzin Gyatso, 14th Dalai Lama"><img alt="Tenzin Gyatso, 14th Dalai Lama" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Dalai_Lama_1430_Luca_Galuzzi_2007crop.jpg/33px-Dalai_Lama_1430_Luca_Galuzzi_2007crop.jpg" decoding="async" width="33" height="54" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Dalai_Lama_1430_Luca_Galuzzi_2007crop.jpg/50px-Dalai_Lama_1430_Luca_Galuzzi_2007crop.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Dalai_Lama_1430_Luca_Galuzzi_2007crop.jpg/66px-Dalai_Lama_1430_Luca_Galuzzi_2007crop.jpg 2x" data-file-width="748" data-file-height="1234" /></a></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="4" style="background: #B00760; color: #FFD700;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Dalai_Lamas" title="List of Dalai Lamas">List of Dalai Lamas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gelug" title="Gelug">Gelug Yellow Hat sect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganden_Phodrang" title="Ganden Phodrang">Ganden Podrang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Potala_Palace" title="Potala Palace">Potala Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norbulingka" title="Norbulingka">Norbulingka</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Political_leaders_of_the_Tibet_Autonomous_Region" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Tibet_Autonomous_Region_leaders" title="Template:Tibet Autonomous Region leaders"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Tibet_Autonomous_Region_leaders" title="Template talk:Tibet Autonomous Region leaders"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Tibet_Autonomous_Region_leaders" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Tibet Autonomous Region leaders"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Political_leaders_of_the_Tibet_Autonomous_Region" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_modern_political_leaders_of_Tibet" title="List of modern political leaders of Tibet">Political leaders</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Tibet_Autonomous_Region" title="Tibet Autonomous Region">Tibet Autonomous Region</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Tibet_Autonomous_Regional_Committee_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Tibet Autonomous Regional Committee of the Chinese Communist Party">Party Committee Secretaries</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Guohua" title="Zhang Guohua">Zhang Guohua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fan_Ming" title="Fan Ming">Fan Ming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Jingwu" title="Zhang Jingwu">Zhang Jingwu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Guohua" title="Zhang Guohua">Zhang Guohua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ren_Rong" title="Ren Rong">Ren Rong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yin_Fatang" title="Yin Fatang">Yin Fatang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wu_Jinghua" title="Wu Jinghua">Wu Jinghua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hu_Jintao" title="Hu Jintao">Hu Jintao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Kuiyuan" title="Chen Kuiyuan">Chen Kuiyuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guo_Jinlong" title="Guo Jinlong">Guo Jinlong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yang_Chuantang" title="Yang Chuantang">Yang Chuantang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Qingli" title="Zhang Qingli">Zhang Qingli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Quanguo" title="Chen Quanguo">Chen Quanguo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wu_Yingjie" title="Wu Yingjie">Wu Yingjie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Junzheng" title="Wang Junzheng">Wang Junzheng</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Standing_Committee_of_the_Tibet_Autonomous_Region_People%27s_Congress" title="Standing Committee of the Tibet Autonomous Region People's Congress">Congress Chairpersons</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ngapoi_Ngawang_Jigme" title="Ngapoi Ngawang Jigme">Ngapoi Ngawang Jigme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yang_Dongsheng" title="Yang Dongsheng">Yang Dongsheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngapoi_Ngawang_Jigme" title="Ngapoi Ngawang Jigme">Ngapoi Ngawang Jigme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raidi" title="Raidi">Raidi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legqog" title="Legqog">Legqog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qiangba_Puncog" title="Qiangba Puncog">Qiangba Puncog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Padma_Choling" title="Padma Choling">Padma Choling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Losang_Jamcan" title="Losang Jamcan">Losang Jamcan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Government_of_Tibet_Autonomous_Region" title="People's Government of Tibet Autonomous Region">Government Chairpersons</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Tenzin Gyatso, 14th Dalai Lama</a> (Preparatory Committee)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Choekyi_Gyaltsen,_10th_Panchen_Lama" title="Choekyi Gyaltsen, 10th Panchen Lama">Choekyi Gyaltsen, 10th Panchen Lama</a> (Preparatory Committee, acting)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngapoi_Ngawang_Jigme" title="Ngapoi Ngawang Jigme">Ngapoi Ngawang Jigme</a> (People's Committee)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zeng_Yongya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zeng Yongya (page does not exist)">Zeng Yongya</a> (Revolutionary Committee)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ren_Rong" title="Ren Rong">Ren Rong</a> (Revolutionary Committee)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanggyai_Yexe" title="Sanggyai Yexe">Sanggyai Yexe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngapoi_Ngawang_Jigme" title="Ngapoi Ngawang Jigme">Ngapoi Ngawang Jigme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorje_Tseten" title="Dorje Tseten">Dorje Tseten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doje_Cering" title="Doje Cering">Doje Cering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gyaincain_Norbu_(politician)" title="Gyaincain Norbu (politician)">Gyaincain Norbu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legqog" title="Legqog">Legqog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qiangba_Puncog" title="Qiangba Puncog">Qiangba Puncog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Padma_Choling" title="Padma Choling">Padma Choling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Losang_Jamcan" title="Losang Jamcan">Losang Jamcan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Che_Dalha" title="Che Dalha">Che Dalha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yan_Jinhai" title="Yan Jinhai">Yan Jinhai</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Tibet_Autonomous_Regional_Committee_of_the_Chinese_People%27s_Political_Consultative_Conference" title="Tibet Autonomous Regional Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference">Conference</a> Chairpersons</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tan_Guansan" title="Tan Guansan">Tan Guansan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Guohua" title="Zhang Guohua">Zhang Guohua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ren_Rong" title="Ren Rong">Ren Rong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yin_Fatang" title="Yin Fatang">Yin Fatang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yangling_Dorje" title="Yangling Dorje">Yangling Dorje</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raidi" title="Raidi">Raidi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pagbalha_Geleg_Namgyai" title="Pagbalha Geleg Namgyai">Pagbalha Geleg Namgyai</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Vice_Chairpersons_of_the_Standing_Committee_of_the_National_People&#039;s_Congress" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:NPCSC_Vice-Chairpersons" title="Template:NPCSC Vice-Chairpersons"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:NPCSC_Vice-Chairpersons" title="Template talk:NPCSC Vice-Chairpersons"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:NPCSC_Vice-Chairpersons" title="Special:EditPage/Template:NPCSC Vice-Chairpersons"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Vice_Chairpersons_of_the_Standing_Committee_of_the_National_People&#039;s_Congress" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Vice_Chairperson_of_the_Standing_Committee_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress" title="Vice Chairperson of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress">Vice Chairpersons of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/1st_National_People%27s_Congress" title="1st National People's Congress">1st</a> (1954–1959) </th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Soong_Ching-ling" title="Soong Ching-ling">Soong Ching-ling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lin_Boqu" title="Lin Boqu">Lin Boqu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Jishen" title="Li Jishen">Li Jishen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Lan" title="Zhang Lan">Zhang Lan</a> (died 1955)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luo_Ronghuan" title="Luo Ronghuan">Luo Ronghuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shen_Junru" title="Shen Junru">Shen Junru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guo_Moruo" title="Guo Moruo">Guo Moruo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huang_Yanpei" title="Huang Yanpei">Huang Yanpei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peng_Zhen" title="Peng Zhen">Peng Zhen</a> (<a href="/wiki/Secretary-General_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress" class="mw-redirect" title="Secretary-General of the National People's Congress">secretary-general</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Weihan" title="Li Weihan">Li Weihan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Shutong" title="Chen Shutong">Chen Shutong</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Tenzin Gyatso, Dalai Lama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saifuddin_Azizi" title="Saifuddin Azizi">Saifuddin Azizi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheng_Qian" title="Cheng Qian">Cheng Qian</a> (added 1958)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/2nd_National_People%27s_Congress" title="2nd National People's Congress">2nd</a> (1959–1964) </th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lin_Boqu" title="Lin Boqu">Lin Boqu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Jishen" title="Li Jishen">Li Jishen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luo_Ronghuan" title="Luo Ronghuan">Luo Ronghuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shen_Junru" title="Shen Junru">Shen Junru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guo_Moruo" title="Guo Moruo">Guo Moruo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huang_Yanpei" title="Huang Yanpei">Huang Yanpei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peng_Zhen" title="Peng Zhen">Peng Zhen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Weihan" title="Li Weihan">Li Weihan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Shutong" title="Chen Shutong">Chen Shutong</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink"><del>Tenzin Gyatso, Dalai Lama</del></a> (fled 1959; dismissed 1964)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saifuddin_Azizi" title="Saifuddin Azizi">Saifuddin Azizi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheng_Qian" title="Cheng Qian">Cheng Qian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Choekyi_Gyaltsen,_10th_Panchen_Lama" title="Choekyi Gyaltsen, 10th Panchen Lama"><del>Choekyi Gyaltsen, Panchen Erdeni</del></a> (removed 1964)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/He_Xiangning" title="He Xiangning">He Xiangning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Bocheng" title="Liu Bocheng">Liu Bocheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lin_Feng_(politician)" title="Lin Feng (politician)">Lin Feng</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/3rd_National_People%27s_Congress" title="3rd National People's Congress">3rd</a> (1964–1975) </th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Peng_Zhen" title="Peng Zhen">Peng Zhen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Bocheng" title="Liu Bocheng">Liu Bocheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Jingquan" title="Li Jingquan">Li Jingquan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kang_Sheng" title="Kang Sheng">Kang Sheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guo_Moruo" title="Guo Moruo">Guo Moruo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/He_Xiangning" title="He Xiangning">He Xiangning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huang_Yanpei" title="Huang Yanpei">Huang Yanpei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Shutong" title="Chen Shutong">Chen Shutong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Xuefeng" title="Li Xuefeng">Li Xuefeng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xu_Xiangqian" title="Xu Xiangqian">Xu Xiangqian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yang_Mingxuan" title="Yang Mingxuan">Yang Mingxuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheng_Qian" title="Cheng Qian">Cheng Qian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saifuddin_Azizi" title="Saifuddin Azizi">Saifuddin Azizi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lin_Feng_(politician)" title="Lin Feng (politician)">Lin Feng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Ningyi" title="Liu Ningyi">Liu Ningyi</a> (<a href="/wiki/Secretary-General_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress" class="mw-redirect" title="Secretary-General of the National People's Congress">secretary-General</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Zhizhong" title="Zhang Zhizhong">Zhang Zhizhong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngapoi_Ngawang_Jigme" title="Ngapoi Ngawang Jigme">Ngapoi Ngawang Jigme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhou_Jianren" title="Zhou Jianren">Zhou Jianren</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/4th_National_People%27s_Congress" title="4th National People's Congress">4th</a> (1975–1978) </th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dong_Biwu" title="Dong Biwu">Dong Biwu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soong_Ching-ling" title="Soong Ching-ling">Soong Ching-ling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kang_Sheng" title="Kang Sheng">Kang Sheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Bocheng" title="Liu Bocheng">Liu Bocheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wu_De" title="Wu De">Wu De</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wei_Guoqing" title="Wei Guoqing">Wei Guoqing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saifuddin_Azizi" title="Saifuddin Azizi">Saifuddin Azizi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guo_Moruo" title="Guo Moruo">Guo Moruo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xu_Xiangqian" title="Xu Xiangqian">Xu Xiangqian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nie_Rongzhen" title="Nie Rongzhen">Nie Rongzhen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Yun" title="Chen Yun">Chen Yun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tan_Zhenlin" title="Tan Zhenlin">Tan Zhenlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Jingquan" title="Li Jingquan">Li Jingquan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Dingcheng" title="Zhang Dingcheng">Zhang Dingcheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cai_Chang" title="Cai Chang">Cai Chang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulanhu" title="Ulanhu">Ulanhu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngapoi_Ngawang_Jigme" title="Ngapoi Ngawang Jigme">Ngapoi Ngawang Jigme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhou_Jianren" title="Zhou Jianren">Zhou Jianren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xu_Deheng" title="Xu Deheng">Xu Deheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hu_Juewen" title="Hu Juewen">Hu Juewen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Suwen" title="Li Suwen">Li Suwen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yao_Lianwei" title="Yao Lianwei">Yao Lianwei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deng_Yingchao" title="Deng Yingchao">Deng Yingchao</a> (added 1976)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/5th_National_People%27s_Congress" title="5th National People's Congress">5th</a> (1978–1983) </th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Soong_Ching-ling" title="Soong Ching-ling">Soong Ching-ling</a> (died 1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nie_Rongzhen" title="Nie Rongzhen">Nie Rongzhen</a> (resigned 1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Bocheng" title="Liu Bocheng">Liu Bocheng</a> (resigned 1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulanhu" title="Ulanhu">Ulanhu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wu_De" title="Wu De">Wu De</a> (resigned 1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wei_Guoqing" title="Wei Guoqing">Wei Guoqing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Yun" title="Chen Yun">Chen Yun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guo_Moruo" title="Guo Moruo">Guo Moruo</a> (died 1978)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tan_Zhenlin" title="Tan Zhenlin">Tan Zhenlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Jingquan" title="Li Jingquan">Li Jingquan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Dingcheng" title="Zhang Dingcheng">Zhang Dingcheng</a> (resigned 1980; died 1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cai_Chang" title="Cai Chang">Cai Chang</a> (resigned 1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deng_Yingchao" title="Deng Yingchao">Deng Yingchao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saifuddin_Azizi" title="Saifuddin Azizi">Saifuddin Azizi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liao_Chengzhi" title="Liao Chengzhi">Liao Chengzhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ji_Pengfei" title="Ji Pengfei">Ji Pengfei</a> (<a href="/wiki/Secretary-General_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress" class="mw-redirect" title="Secretary-General of the National People's Congress">secretary-general</a>; resigned 1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngapoi_Ngawang_Jigme" title="Ngapoi Ngawang Jigme">Ngapoi Ngawang Jigme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhou_Jianren" title="Zhou Jianren">Zhou Jianren</a> (resigned 1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xu_Deheng" title="Xu Deheng">Xu Deheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hu_Juewen" title="Hu Juewen">Hu Juewen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peng_Zhen" title="Peng Zhen">Peng Zhen</a> (added 1979)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xiao_Jinguang" title="Xiao Jinguang">Xiao Jinguang</a> (added 1979)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhu_Yunshan" title="Zhu Yunshan">Zhu Yunshan</a> (added 1979; died 1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shi_Liang" title="Shi Liang">Shi Liang</a> (added 1979)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peng_Chong" title="Peng Chong">Peng Chong</a> (added 1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xi_Zhongxun" title="Xi Zhongxun">Xi Zhongxun</a> (added 1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Su_Yu" title="Su Yu">Su Yu</a> (added 1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yang_Shangkun" title="Yang Shangkun">Yang Shangkun</a> (added 1980; <a href="/wiki/Secretary-General_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress" class="mw-redirect" title="Secretary-General of the National People's Congress">secretary-general</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Choekyi_Gyaltsen,_10th_Panchen_Lama" title="Choekyi Gyaltsen, 10th Panchen Lama">Choekyi Gyaltsen, Panchen Erdeni</a> (added 1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhu_Xuefan" title="Zhu Xuefan">Zhu Xuefan</a> (added 1981)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/6th_National_People%27s_Congress" title="6th National People's Congress">6th</a> (1983–1988) </th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Pixian" title="Chen Pixian">Chen Pixian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wei_Guoqing" title="Wei Guoqing">Wei Guoqing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geng_Biao" title="Geng Biao">Geng Biao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hu_Juewen" title="Hu Juewen">Hu Juewen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xu_Deheng" title="Xu Deheng">Xu Deheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peng_Chong" title="Peng Chong">Peng Chong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Renzhong" title="Wang Renzhong">Wang Renzhong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shi_Liang" title="Shi Liang">Shi Liang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhu_Xuefan" title="Zhu Xuefan">Zhu Xuefan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngapoi_Ngawang_Jigme" title="Ngapoi Ngawang Jigme">Ngapoi Ngawang Jigme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Choekyi_Gyaltsen,_10th_Panchen_Lama" title="Choekyi Gyaltsen, 10th Panchen Lama">Choekyi Gyaltsen, Panchen Erdeni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saifuddin_Azizi" title="Saifuddin Azizi">Saifuddin Azizi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhou_Gucheng" title="Zhou Gucheng">Zhou Gucheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yan_Jici" title="Yan Jici">Yan Jici</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hu_Yuzhi" title="Hu Yuzhi">Hu Yuzhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rong_Yiren" title="Rong Yiren">Rong Yiren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ye_Fei" title="Ye Fei">Ye Fei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liao_Hansheng" title="Liao Hansheng">Liao Hansheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Han_Xianchu" title="Han Xianchu">Han Xianchu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huang_Hua" title="Huang Hua">Huang Hua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chu_Tunan" title="Chu Tunan">Chu Tunan</a> (added 1986)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/7th_National_People%27s_Congress" title="7th National People's Congress">7th</a> (1988–1993) </th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Xi_Zhongxun" title="Xi Zhongxun">Xi Zhongxun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulanhu" title="Ulanhu">Ulanhu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peng_Chong" title="Peng Chong">Peng Chong</a> (<a href="/wiki/Secretary-General_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress" class="mw-redirect" title="Secretary-General of the National People's Congress">secretary-general</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wei_Guoqing" title="Wei Guoqing">Wei Guoqing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhu_Xuefan" title="Zhu Xuefan">Zhu Xuefan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngapoi_Ngawang_Jigme" title="Ngapoi Ngawang Jigme">Ngapoi Ngawang Jigme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Choekyi_Gyaltsen,_10th_Panchen_Lama" title="Choekyi Gyaltsen, 10th Panchen Lama">Choekyi Gyaltsen, Panchen Erdeni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saifuddin_Azizi" title="Saifuddin Azizi">Saifuddin Azizi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhou_Gucheng" title="Zhou Gucheng">Zhou Gucheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yan_Jici" title="Yan Jici">Yan Jici</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rong_Yiren" title="Rong Yiren">Rong Yiren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ye_Fei" title="Ye Fei">Ye Fei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liao_Hansheng" title="Liao Hansheng">Liao Hansheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ni_Zhifu" title="Ni Zhifu">Ni Zhifu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Muhua" title="Chen Muhua">Chen Muhua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fei_Xiaotong" title="Fei Xiaotong">Fei Xiaotong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Qimeng" title="Sun Qimeng">Sun Qimeng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lei_Jieqiong" title="Lei Jieqiong">Lei Jieqiong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Hanbin" title="Wang Hanbin">Wang Hanbin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/8th_National_People%27s_Congress" title="8th National People's Congress">8th</a> (1993–1998) </th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tian_Jiyun" title="Tian Jiyun">Tian Jiyun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Hanbin" title="Wang Hanbin">Wang Hanbin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ni_Zhifu" title="Ni Zhifu">Ni Zhifu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Muhua" title="Chen Muhua">Chen Muhua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fei_Xiaotong" title="Fei Xiaotong">Fei Xiaotong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Qimeng" title="Sun Qimeng">Sun Qimeng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lei_Jieqiong" title="Lei Jieqiong">Lei Jieqiong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qin_Jiwei" title="Qin Jiwei">Qin Jiwei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Ximing" title="Li Ximing">Li Ximing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Bingqian" title="Wang Bingqian">Wang Bingqian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pagbalha_Geleg_Namgyai" title="Pagbalha Geleg Namgyai">Pagbalha Geleg Namgyai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Guangying" title="Wang Guangying">Wang Guangying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheng_Siyuan" title="Cheng Siyuan">Cheng Siyuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lu_Jiaxi_(chemist)" title="Lu Jiaxi (chemist)">Lu Jiaxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buhe_(politician)" title="Buhe (politician)">Buhe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C3%B6m%C3%BCr_Dawamat" title="Tömür Dawamat">Tömür Dawamat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gan_Ku" title="Gan Ku">Gan Ku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Peiyao" title="Li Peiyao">Li Peiyao</a> (murdered 1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wu_Jieping" title="Wu Jieping">Wu Jieping</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/9th_National_People%27s_Congress" title="9th National People's Congress">9th</a> (1998–2003) </th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tian_Jiyun" title="Tian Jiyun">Tian Jiyun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xie_Fei_(politician)" title="Xie Fei (politician)">Xie Fei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiang_Chunyun" title="Jiang Chunyun">Jiang Chunyun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zou_Jiahua" title="Zou Jiahua">Zou Jiahua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pagbalha_Geleg_Namgyai" title="Pagbalha Geleg Namgyai">Pagbalha Geleg Namgyai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Guangying" title="Wang Guangying">Wang Guangying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheng_Siyuan" title="Cheng Siyuan">Cheng Siyuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buhe_(politician)" title="Buhe (politician)">Buhe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C3%B6m%C3%BCr_Dawamat" title="Tömür Dawamat">Tömür Dawamat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wu_Jieping" title="Wu Jieping">Wu Jieping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peng_Peiyun" title="Peng Peiyun">Peng Peiyun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/He_Luli" title="He Luli">He Luli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhou_Guangzhao" title="Zhou Guangzhao">Zhou Guangzhao</a></li> <li><del><a href="/wiki/Cheng_Kejie" title="Cheng Kejie">Cheng Kejie</a></del> (dismissed & executed 2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cao_Zhi_(politician)" title="Cao Zhi (politician)">Cao Zhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ding_Shisun" title="Ding Shisun">Ding Shisun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheng_Siwei" title="Cheng Siwei">Cheng Siwei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xu_Jialu" title="Xu Jialu">Xu Jialu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiang_Zhenghua" title="Jiang Zhenghua">Jiang Zhenghua</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/10th_National_People%27s_Congress" title="10th National People's Congress">10th</a> (2003–2008) </th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Zhaoguo" title="Wang Zhaoguo">Wang Zhaoguo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Tieying" title="Li Tieying">Li Tieying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ismail_Amat" title="Ismail Amat">Ismail Amat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/He_Luli" title="He Luli">He Luli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ding_Shisun" title="Ding Shisun">Ding Shisun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheng_Siwei" title="Cheng Siwei">Cheng Siwei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xu_Jialu" title="Xu Jialu">Xu Jialu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiang_Zhenghua" title="Jiang Zhenghua">Jiang Zhenghua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gu_Xiulian" title="Gu Xiulian">Gu Xiulian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raidi" title="Raidi">Raidi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheng_Huaren" title="Sheng Huaren">Sheng Huaren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lu_Yongxiang_(engineer)" title="Lu Yongxiang (engineer)">Lu Yongxiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uyunqimg" title="Uyunqimg">Uyunqimg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Han_Qide" title="Han Qide">Han Qide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Fu_Tieshan" title="Michael Fu Tieshan">Fu Tieshan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/11th_National_People%27s_Congress" title="11th National People's Congress">11th</a> (2008–2013) </th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Zhaoguo" title="Wang Zhaoguo">Wang Zhaoguo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lu_Yongxiang_(engineer)" title="Lu Yongxiang (engineer)">Lu Yongxiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uyunqimg" title="Uyunqimg">Uyunqimg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Han_Qide" title="Han Qide">Han Qide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hua_Jianmin" title="Hua Jianmin">Hua Jianmin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Zhili" title="Chen Zhili">Chen Zhili</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhou_Tienong" title="Zhou Tienong">Zhou Tienong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Jianguo" title="Li Jianguo">Li Jianguo</a> (<a href="/wiki/Secretary-General_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress" class="mw-redirect" title="Secretary-General of the National People's Congress">secretary-general</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ismail_Tiliwaldi" title="Ismail Tiliwaldi">Ismail Tiliwaldi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiang_Shusheng" title="Jiang Shusheng">Jiang Shusheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Changzhi" title="Chen Changzhi">Chen Changzhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yan_Junqi" title="Yan Junqi">Yan Junqi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sang_Guowei" title="Sang Guowei">Sang Guowei</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/12th_National_People%27s_Congress" title="12th National People's Congress">12th</a> (2013–2018) </th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Li_Jianguo" title="Li Jianguo">Li Jianguo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Shengjun" title="Wang Shengjun">Wang Shengjun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Changzhi" title="Chen Changzhi">Chen Changzhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yan_Junqi" title="Yan Junqi">Yan Junqi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Chen_(politician)" title="Wang Chen (politician)">Wang Chen</a> (<a href="/wiki/Secretary-General_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress" class="mw-redirect" title="Secretary-General of the National People's Congress">secretary-general</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shen_Yueyue" title="Shen Yueyue">Shen Yueyue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ji_Bingxuan" title="Ji Bingxuan">Ji Bingxuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Ping_(politician)" title="Zhang Ping (politician)">Zhang Ping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qiangba_Puncog" title="Qiangba Puncog">Qiangba Puncog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arken_Imirbaki" title="Arken Imirbaki">Arken Imirbaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wan_Exiang" title="Wan Exiang">Wan Exiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Baowen" title="Zhang Baowen">Zhang Baowen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Zhu" title="Chen Zhu">Chen Zhu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/13th_National_People%27s_Congress" title="13th National People's Congress">13th</a> (2018–2023) </th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Chen_(politician)" title="Wang Chen (politician)">Wang Chen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cao_Jianming" title="Cao Jianming">Cao Jianming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Chunxian" title="Zhang Chunxian">Zhang Chunxian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shen_Yueyue" title="Shen Yueyue">Shen Yueyue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ji_Bingxuan" title="Ji Bingxuan">Ji Bingxuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arken_Imirbaki" title="Arken Imirbaki">Arken Imirbaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wan_Exiang" title="Wan Exiang">Wan Exiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Zhu" title="Chen Zhu">Chen Zhu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Dongming" title="Wang Dongming">Wang Dongming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Padma_Choling" title="Padma Choling">Padma Choling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ding_Zhongli" title="Ding Zhongli">Ding Zhongli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hao_Mingjin" title="Hao Mingjin">Hao Mingjin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cai_Dafeng" title="Cai Dafeng">Cai Dafeng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wu_Weihua" title="Wu Weihua">Wu Weihua</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/14th_National_People%27s_Congress" title="14th National People's Congress">14th</a> (2023–2028) </th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Li_Hongzhong" title="Li Hongzhong">Li Hongzhong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Dongming" title="Wang Dongming">Wang Dongming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xiao_Jie" title="Xiao Jie">Xiao Jie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zheng_Jianbang" title="Zheng Jianbang">Zheng Jianbang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ding_Zhongli" title="Ding Zhongli">Ding Zhongli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hao_Mingjin" title="Hao Mingjin">Hao Mingjin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cai_Dafeng" title="Cai Dafeng">Cai Dafeng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/He_Wei" title="He Wei">He Wei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wu_Weihua" title="Wu Weihua">Wu Weihua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tie_Ning" title="Tie Ning">Tie Ning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peng_Qinghua" title="Peng Qinghua">Peng Qinghua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Qingwei" title="Zhang Qingwei">Zhang Qingwei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Losang_Jamcan" title="Losang Jamcan">Losang Jamcan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shohrat_Zakir" title="Shohrat Zakir">Shohrat Zakir</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Nobel_laureates_of_the_People&#039;s_Republic_of_China" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Nobel_laureates_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="Template:Nobel laureates of the People's Republic of China"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Nobel_laureates_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="Template talk:Nobel laureates of the People's Republic of China"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Nobel_laureates_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Nobel laureates of the People's Republic of China"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Nobel_laureates_of_the_People&#039;s_Republic_of_China" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chinese_Nobel_laureates" title="List of Chinese Nobel laureates">Nobel laureates</a> of the <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">People's Republic of China</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Peace" class="mw-redirect" title="Nobel Prize in Peace">Peace</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">14th Dalai Lama</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Xiaobo" title="Liu Xiaobo">Liu Xiaobo</a> (2010)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/NobelP2.png/80px-NobelP2.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/NobelP2.png/120px-NobelP2.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/NobelP2.png/160px-NobelP2.png 2x" data-file-width="539" data-file-height="542" /></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="Nobel Prize in Literature">Literature</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mo_Yan" title="Mo Yan">Mo Yan</a> (2012)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Physiology_or_Medicine" title="Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine">Physiology or Medicine</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tu_Youyou" title="Tu Youyou">Tu Youyou</a> (2015)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Laureates_of_the_Nobel_Peace_Prize" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Nobel_Peace_Prize_laureates" title="Template:Nobel Peace Prize laureates"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Nobel_Peace_Prize_laureates" title="Template talk:Nobel Peace Prize laureates"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Nobel_Peace_Prize_laureates" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Nobel Peace Prize laureates"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Laureates_of_the_Nobel_Peace_Prize" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Nobel_Peace_Prize_laureates" title="List of Nobel Peace Prize laureates">Laureates</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="Nobel Peace Prize">Nobel Peace Prize</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1901–1925</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1901_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="1901 Nobel Peace Prize">1901</a>: <a href="/wiki/Henry_Dunant" title="Henry Dunant">Henry Dunant</a> / <a href="/wiki/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Passy" title="Frédéric Passy">Frédéric Passy</a></li> <li>1902: <a href="/wiki/%C3%89lie_Ducommun" title="Élie Ducommun">Élie Ducommun</a> / <a href="/wiki/Charles_Albert_Gobat" title="Charles Albert Gobat">Charles Gobat</a></li> <li>1903: <a href="/wiki/Randal_Cremer" title="Randal Cremer">Randal Cremer</a></li> <li>1904: <a href="/wiki/Institut_de_Droit_International" title="Institut de Droit International">Institut de Droit International</a></li> <li>1905: <a href="/wiki/Bertha_von_Suttner" title="Bertha von Suttner">Bertha von Suttner</a></li> <li>1906: <a href="/wiki/Theodore_Roosevelt" title="Theodore Roosevelt">Theodore Roosevelt</a></li> <li>1907: <a href="/wiki/Ernesto_Teodoro_Moneta" title="Ernesto Teodoro Moneta">Ernesto Moneta</a> / <a href="/wiki/Louis_Renault_(jurist)" title="Louis Renault (jurist)">Louis Renault</a></li> <li>1908: <a href="/wiki/Klas_Pontus_Arnoldson" title="Klas Pontus Arnoldson">Klas Arnoldson</a> / <a href="/wiki/Fredrik_Bajer" title="Fredrik Bajer">Fredrik Bajer</a></li> <li>1909: <a href="/wiki/Auguste_Beernaert" title="Auguste Beernaert">A. M. F. Beernaert</a> / <a href="/wiki/Paul_Henri_Balluet_d%27Estournelles_de_Constant" title="Paul Henri Balluet d'Estournelles de Constant">Paul Estournelles de Constant</a></li> <li>1910: <a href="/wiki/International_Peace_Bureau" title="International Peace Bureau">International Peace Bureau</a></li> <li>1911: <a href="/wiki/Tobias_Asser" title="Tobias Asser">Tobias Asser</a> / <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Hermann_Fried" title="Alfred Hermann Fried">Alfred Fried</a></li> <li>1912: <a href="/wiki/Elihu_Root" title="Elihu Root">Elihu Root</a></li> <li>1913: <a href="/wiki/Henri_La_Fontaine" title="Henri La Fontaine">Henri La Fontaine</a></li> <li>1914</li> <li>1915</li> <li>1916</li> <li>1917: <a href="/wiki/International_Committee_of_the_Red_Cross" title="International Committee of the Red Cross">International Committee of the Red Cross</a></li> <li>1918</li> <li>1919: <a href="/wiki/Woodrow_Wilson" title="Woodrow Wilson">Woodrow Wilson</a></li> <li>1920: <a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9on_Bourgeois" title="Léon Bourgeois">Léon Bourgeois</a></li> <li>1921: <a href="/wiki/Hjalmar_Branting" title="Hjalmar Branting">Hjalmar Branting</a> / <a href="/wiki/Christian_Lous_Lange" title="Christian Lous Lange">Christian Lange</a></li> <li>1922: <a href="/wiki/Fridtjof_Nansen" title="Fridtjof Nansen">Fridtjof Nansen</a></li> <li>1923</li> <li>1924</li> <li>1925: <a href="/wiki/Austen_Chamberlain" title="Austen Chamberlain">Austen Chamberlain</a> / <a href="/wiki/Charles_G._Dawes" title="Charles G. Dawes">Charles Dawes</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/ed/Nobel_Prize.png/80px-Nobel_Prize.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="79" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/ed/Nobel_Prize.png/120px-Nobel_Prize.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/ed/Nobel_Prize.png/160px-Nobel_Prize.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="492" /></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1926–1950</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>1926: <a href="/wiki/Aristide_Briand" title="Aristide Briand">Aristide Briand</a> / <a href="/wiki/Gustav_Stresemann" title="Gustav Stresemann">Gustav Stresemann</a></li> <li>1927: <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_Buisson" title="Ferdinand Buisson">Ferdinand Buisson</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ludwig_Quidde" title="Ludwig Quidde">Ludwig Quidde</a></li> <li>1928</li> <li>1929: <a href="/wiki/Frank_B._Kellogg" title="Frank B. Kellogg">Frank B. Kellogg</a></li> <li>1930: <a href="/wiki/Nathan_S%C3%B6derblom" title="Nathan Söderblom">Nathan Söderblom</a></li> <li>1931: <a href="/wiki/Jane_Addams" title="Jane Addams">Jane Addams</a> / <a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Murray_Butler" title="Nicholas Murray Butler">Nicholas Butler</a></li> <li>1932</li> <li>1933: <a href="/wiki/Norman_Angell" title="Norman Angell">Norman Angell</a></li> <li>1934: <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Henderson" title="Arthur Henderson">Arthur Henderson</a></li> <li>1935: <a href="/wiki/Carl_von_Ossietzky" title="Carl von Ossietzky">Carl von Ossietzky</a></li> <li>1936: <a href="/wiki/Carlos_Saavedra_Lamas" title="Carlos Saavedra Lamas">Carlos Saavedra Lamas</a></li> <li>1937: <a href="/wiki/Robert_Cecil,_1st_Viscount_Cecil_of_Chelwood" title="Robert Cecil, 1st Viscount Cecil of Chelwood">Robert Cecil</a></li> <li>1938: <a href="/wiki/Nansen_International_Office_for_Refugees" title="Nansen International Office for Refugees">Nansen International Office for Refugees</a></li> <li>1939</li> <li>1940</li> <li>1941</li> <li>1942</li> <li>1943</li> <li>1944: <a href="/wiki/International_Committee_of_the_Red_Cross" title="International Committee of the Red Cross">International Committee of the Red Cross</a></li> <li>1945: <a href="/wiki/Cordell_Hull" title="Cordell Hull">Cordell Hull</a></li> <li>1946: <a href="/wiki/Emily_Greene_Balch" title="Emily Greene Balch">Emily Balch</a> / <a href="/wiki/John_Mott" title="John Mott">John Mott</a></li> <li>1947: <a href="/wiki/Quaker_Peace_and_Social_Witness" title="Quaker Peace and Social Witness">Friends Service Council</a> / <a href="/wiki/American_Friends_Service_Committee" title="American Friends Service Committee">American Friends Service Committee</a></li> <li>1948</li> <li>1949: <a href="/wiki/John_Boyd_Orr" title="John Boyd Orr">John Boyd Orr</a></li> <li>1950: <a href="/wiki/Ralph_Bunche" title="Ralph Bunche">Ralph Bunche</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1951–1975</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>1951: <a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9on_Jouhaux" title="Léon Jouhaux">Léon Jouhaux</a></li> <li>1952: <a href="/wiki/Albert_Schweitzer" title="Albert Schweitzer">Albert Schweitzer</a></li> <li>1953: <a href="/wiki/George_C._Marshall" title="George C. Marshall">George C. Marshall</a></li> <li>1954: <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_High_Commissioner_for_Refugees" title="United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees">United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees</a></li> <li>1955</li> <li>1956</li> <li>1957: <a href="/wiki/Lester_B._Pearson" title="Lester B. Pearson">Lester B. Pearson</a></li> <li>1958: <a href="/wiki/Dominique_Pire" title="Dominique Pire">Georges Pire</a></li> <li>1959: <a href="/wiki/Philip_Noel-Baker" title="Philip Noel-Baker">Philip Noel-Baker</a></li> <li>1960: <a href="/wiki/Albert_Luthuli" title="Albert Luthuli">Albert Luthuli</a></li> <li>1961: <a href="/wiki/Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld" title="Dag Hammarskjöld">Dag Hammarskjöld</a></li> <li>1962: <a href="/wiki/Linus_Pauling" title="Linus Pauling">Linus Pauling</a></li> <li>1963: <a href="/wiki/International_Committee_of_the_Red_Cross" title="International Committee of the Red Cross">International Committee of the Red Cross</a> / <a href="/wiki/International_Federation_of_Red_Cross_and_Red_Crescent_Societies" title="International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies">League of Red Cross Societies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1964_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="1964 Nobel Peace Prize">1964</a>: <a href="/wiki/Martin_Luther_King_Jr." title="Martin Luther King Jr.">Martin Luther King Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1965_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="1965 Nobel Peace Prize">1965</a>: <a href="/wiki/UNICEF" title="UNICEF">UNICEF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1966_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="1966 Nobel Peace Prize">1966</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1967_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="1967 Nobel Peace Prize">1967</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1968_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="1968 Nobel Peace Prize">1968</a>: <a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Cassin" title="René Cassin">René Cassin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1969_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="1969 Nobel Peace Prize">1969</a>: <a href="/wiki/International_Labour_Organization" title="International Labour Organization">International Labour Organization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1970_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="1970 Nobel Peace Prize">1970</a>: <a href="/wiki/Norman_Borlaug" title="Norman Borlaug">Norman Borlaug</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1971_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="1971 Nobel Peace Prize">1971</a>: <a href="/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt">Willy Brandt</a></li> <li>1972</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1973_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="1973 Nobel Peace Prize">1973</a>: <a href="/wiki/L%C3%AA_%C4%90%E1%BB%A9c_Th%E1%BB%8D" title="Lê Đức Thọ">Lê Đức Thọ</a> (declined award) / <a href="/wiki/Henry_Kissinger" title="Henry Kissinger">Henry Kissinger</a></li> <li>1974: <a href="/wiki/Se%C3%A1n_MacBride" title="Seán MacBride">Seán MacBride</a> / <a href="/wiki/Eisaku_Sat%C5%8D" title="Eisaku Satō">Eisaku Satō</a></li> <li>1975: <a href="/wiki/Andrei_Sakharov" title="Andrei Sakharov">Andrei Sakharov</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1976–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>1976: <a href="/wiki/Betty_Williams" title="Betty Williams">Betty Williams</a> / <a href="/wiki/Mairead_Maguire" title="Mairead Maguire">Mairead Corrigan</a></li> <li>1977: <a href="/wiki/Amnesty_International" title="Amnesty International">Amnesty International</a></li> <li>1978: <a href="/wiki/Anwar_Sadat" title="Anwar Sadat">Anwar Sadat</a> / <a href="/wiki/Menachem_Begin" title="Menachem Begin">Menachem Begin</a></li> <li>1979: <a href="/wiki/Mother_Teresa" title="Mother Teresa">Mother Teresa</a></li> <li>1980: <a href="/wiki/Adolfo_P%C3%A9rez_Esquivel" title="Adolfo Pérez Esquivel">Adolfo Pérez Esquivel</a></li> <li>1981: <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_High_Commissioner_for_Refugees" title="United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees">United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees</a></li> <li>1982: <a href="/wiki/Alva_Myrdal" title="Alva Myrdal">Alva Myrdal</a> / <a href="/wiki/Alfonso_Garc%C3%ADa_Robles" title="Alfonso García Robles">Alfonso García Robles</a></li> <li>1983: <a href="/wiki/Lech_Wa%C5%82%C4%99sa" title="Lech Wałęsa">Lech Wałęsa</a></li> <li>1984: <a href="/wiki/Desmond_Tutu" title="Desmond Tutu">Desmond Tutu</a></li> <li>1985: <a href="/wiki/International_Physicians_for_the_Prevention_of_Nuclear_War" title="International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War">International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War</a></li> <li>1986: <a href="/wiki/Elie_Wiesel" title="Elie Wiesel">Elie Wiesel</a></li> <li>1987: <a href="/wiki/%C3%93scar_Arias" title="Óscar Arias">Óscar Arias</a></li> <li>1988: <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_peacekeeping" title="United Nations peacekeeping">UN Peacekeeping Forces</a></li> <li>1989: <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Tenzin Gyatso (14th Dalai Lama)</a></li> <li>1990: <a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Gorbachev" title="Mikhail Gorbachev">Mikhail Gorbachev</a></li> <li>1991: <a href="/wiki/Aung_San_Suu_Kyi" title="Aung San Suu Kyi">Aung San Suu Kyi</a></li> <li>1992: <a href="/wiki/Rigoberta_Mench%C3%BA" title="Rigoberta Menchú">Rigoberta Menchú</a></li> <li>1993: <a href="/wiki/Nelson_Mandela" title="Nelson Mandela">Nelson Mandela</a> / <a href="/wiki/F._W._de_Klerk" title="F. W. de Klerk">F. W. de Klerk</a></li> <li>1994: <a href="/wiki/Shimon_Peres" title="Shimon Peres">Shimon Peres</a> / <a href="/wiki/Yitzhak_Rabin" title="Yitzhak Rabin">Yitzhak Rabin</a> / <a href="/wiki/Yasser_Arafat" title="Yasser Arafat">Yasser Arafat</a></li> <li>1995: <a href="/wiki/Pugwash_Conferences_on_Science_and_World_Affairs" title="Pugwash Conferences on Science and World Affairs">Pugwash Conferences</a> / <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Rotblat" title="Joseph Rotblat">Joseph Rotblat</a></li> <li>1996: <a href="/wiki/Carlos_Filipe_Ximenes_Belo" title="Carlos Filipe Ximenes Belo">Carlos Belo</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Ramos-Horta" title="José Ramos-Horta">José Ramos-Horta</a></li> <li>1997: <a href="/wiki/International_Campaign_to_Ban_Landmines" title="International Campaign to Ban Landmines">International Campaign to Ban Landmines</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jody_Williams" title="Jody Williams">Jody Williams</a></li> <li>1998: <a href="/wiki/John_Hume" title="John Hume">John Hume</a> / <a href="/wiki/David_Trimble" title="David Trimble">David Trimble</a></li> <li>1999: <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9decins_Sans_Fronti%C3%A8res" title="Médecins Sans Frontières">Médecins Sans Frontières</a></li> <li>2000: <a href="/wiki/Kim_Dae-jung" title="Kim Dae-jung">Kim Dae-jung</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2001–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2001_Nobel_Peace_Prize" class="mw-redirect" title="2001 Nobel Peace Prize">2001</a>: <a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a> / <a href="/wiki/Kofi_Annan" title="Kofi Annan">Kofi Annan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2002_Nobel_Peace_Prize" class="mw-redirect" title="2002 Nobel Peace Prize">2002</a>: <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter" title="Jimmy Carter">Jimmy Carter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2003_Nobel_Peace_Prize" class="mw-redirect" title="2003 Nobel Peace Prize">2003</a>: <a href="/wiki/Shirin_Ebadi" title="Shirin Ebadi">Shirin Ebadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_Nobel_Peace_Prize" class="mw-redirect" title="2004 Nobel Peace Prize">2004</a>: <a href="/wiki/Wangari_Maathai" class="mw-redirect" title="Wangari Maathai">Wangari Maathai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2005_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="2005 Nobel Peace Prize">2005</a>: <a href="/wiki/International_Atomic_Energy_Agency" title="International Atomic Energy Agency">International Atomic Energy Agency</a> / <a href="/wiki/Mohamed_ElBaradei" title="Mohamed ElBaradei">Mohamed ElBaradei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006_Nobel_Peace_Prize" class="mw-redirect" title="2006 Nobel Peace Prize">2006</a>: <a href="/wiki/Grameen_Bank" title="Grameen Bank">Grameen Bank</a> / <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Yunus" title="Muhammad Yunus">Muhammad Yunus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2007_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="2007 Nobel Peace Prize">2007</a>: <a href="/wiki/Al_Gore" title="Al Gore">Al Gore</a> / <a href="/wiki/Intergovernmental_Panel_on_Climate_Change" title="Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change">Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_Nobel_Peace_Prize" class="mw-redirect" title="2008 Nobel Peace Prize">2008</a>: <a href="/wiki/Martti_Ahtisaari" title="Martti Ahtisaari">Martti Ahtisaari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="2009 Nobel Peace Prize">2009</a>: <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="2010 Nobel Peace Prize">2010</a>: <a href="/wiki/Liu_Xiaobo" title="Liu Xiaobo">Liu Xiaobo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="2011 Nobel Peace Prize">2011</a>: <a href="/wiki/Ellen_Johnson_Sirleaf" title="Ellen Johnson Sirleaf">Ellen Johnson Sirleaf</a> / <a href="/wiki/Leymah_Gbowee" title="Leymah Gbowee">Leymah Gbowee</a> / <a href="/wiki/Tawakkol_Karman" title="Tawakkol Karman">Tawakkol Karman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="2012 Nobel Peace Prize">2012</a>: <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="2013 Nobel Peace Prize">2013</a>: <a href="/wiki/Organisation_for_the_Prohibition_of_Chemical_Weapons" title="Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons">Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="2014 Nobel Peace Prize">2014</a>: <a href="/wiki/Kailash_Satyarthi" title="Kailash Satyarthi">Kailash Satyarthi</a> / <a href="/wiki/Malala_Yousafzai" title="Malala Yousafzai">Malala Yousafzai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="2015 Nobel Peace Prize">2015</a>: <a href="/wiki/Tunisian_National_Dialogue_Quartet" title="Tunisian National Dialogue Quartet">Tunisian National Dialogue Quartet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="2016 Nobel Peace Prize">2016</a>: <a href="/wiki/Juan_Manuel_Santos" title="Juan Manuel Santos">Juan Manuel Santos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="2017 Nobel Peace Prize">2017</a>: <a href="/wiki/International_Campaign_to_Abolish_Nuclear_Weapons" title="International Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapons">International Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="2018 Nobel Peace Prize">2018</a>: <a href="/wiki/Denis_Mukwege" title="Denis Mukwege">Denis Mukwege</a> / <a href="/wiki/Nadia_Murad" title="Nadia Murad">Nadia Murad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="2019 Nobel Peace Prize">2019</a>: <a href="/wiki/Abiy_Ahmed" title="Abiy Ahmed">Abiy Ahmed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="2020 Nobel Peace Prize">2020</a>: <a href="/wiki/World_Food_Programme" title="World Food Programme">World Food Programme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="2021 Nobel Peace Prize">2021</a>: <a href="/wiki/Maria_Ressa" title="Maria Ressa">Maria Ressa</a> / <a href="/wiki/Dmitry_Muratov" title="Dmitry Muratov">Dmitry Muratov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="2022 Nobel Peace Prize">2022</a>: <a href="/wiki/Ales_Bialiatski" title="Ales Bialiatski">Ales Bialiatski</a> / <a href="/wiki/Memorial_(society)" title="Memorial (society)">Memorial</a> / <a href="/wiki/Center_for_Civil_Liberties_(human_rights_organization)" title="Center for Civil Liberties (human rights organization)">Center for Civil Liberties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="2023 Nobel Peace Prize">2023</a>: <a href="/wiki/Narges_Mohammadi" title="Narges Mohammadi">Narges Mohammadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="2024 Nobel Peace Prize">2024</a>: <a href="/wiki/Nihon_Hidankyo" title="Nihon Hidankyo">Nihon Hidankyo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="1989_Nobel_Prize_laureates" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:1989_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:1989 Nobel Prize winners"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:1989_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template talk:1989 Nobel Prize winners"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:1989_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Special:EditPage/Template:1989 Nobel Prize winners"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="1989_Nobel_Prize_laureates" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">1989 <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize" title="Nobel Prize">Nobel Prize</a> laureates</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Chemistry" title="Nobel Prize in Chemistry">Chemistry</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sidney_Altman" title="Sidney Altman">Sidney Altman</a> (Canada/United States)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Cech" title="Thomas Cech">Thomas Cech</a> (United States)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="Nobel Prize in Literature">Literature</a> (<a href="/wiki/1989_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1989 Nobel Prize in Literature">1989</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Camilo_Jos%C3%A9_Cela" title="Camilo José Cela">Camilo José Cela</a> (Spain)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="Nobel Peace Prize">Peace</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">14th Dalai Lama</a> (Tibet)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Physics" title="Nobel Prize in Physics">Physics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Norman_Foster_Ramsey_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="Norman Foster Ramsey Jr.">Norman Foster Ramsey Jr.</a> (United States)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Georg_Dehmelt" title="Hans Georg Dehmelt">Hans Georg Dehmelt</a> (Germany)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Paul" title="Wolfgang Paul">Wolfgang Paul</a> (Germany)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Physiology_or_Medicine" title="Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine">Physiology or Medicine</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/J._Michael_Bishop" title="J. Michael Bishop">J. Michael Bishop</a> (United States)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_E._Varmus" title="Harold E. Varmus">Harold E. Varmus</a> (United States)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Memorial_Prize_in_Economic_Sciences" title="Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences">Economic Sciences</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Trygve_Haavelmo" title="Trygve Haavelmo">Trygve Haavelmo</a> (Norway)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates" title="List of Nobel laureates">Nobel Prize recipients</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:1984_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:1984 Nobel Prize winners">1984</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:1985_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:1985 Nobel Prize winners">1985</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:1986_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:1986 Nobel Prize winners">1986</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:1987_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:1987 Nobel Prize winners">1987</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:1988_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:1988 Nobel Prize winners">1988</a></dd> <dd>1989 </dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:1990_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:1990 Nobel Prize winners">1990</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:1991_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:1991 Nobel Prize winners">1991</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:1992_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:1992 Nobel Prize winners">1992</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:1993_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:1993 Nobel Prize winners">1993</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:1994_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:1994 Nobel Prize winners">1994</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Templeton_Prize_laureates" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Templeton_Prize_Laureates" title="Template:Templeton Prize Laureates"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Templeton_Prize_Laureates" title="Template talk:Templeton Prize Laureates"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Templeton_Prize_Laureates" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Templeton Prize Laureates"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Templeton_Prize_laureates" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Templeton_Prize#Laureates" title="Templeton Prize">Templeton Prize laureates</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1970s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mother_Teresa" title="Mother Teresa">Mother Teresa</a> (1973)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brother_Roger" title="Brother Roger">Brother Roger</a> (1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarvepalli_Radhakrishnan" title="Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan">Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan</a> (1975)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leo_Joseph_Suenens" title="Leo Joseph Suenens">Leo Josef Suenens</a> (1976)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chiara_Lubich" title="Chiara Lubich">Chiara Lubich</a> (1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_F._Torrance" title="Thomas F. Torrance">Thomas F. Torrance</a> (1978)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikky%C5%8D_Niwano" title="Nikkyō Niwano">Nikkyō Niwano</a> (1979)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1980s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Wendell_Burhoe" title="Ralph Wendell Burhoe">Ralph Wendell Burhoe</a> (1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cicely_Saunders" title="Cicely Saunders">Cicely Saunders</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billy_Graham" title="Billy Graham">Billy Graham</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleksandr_Solzhenitsyn" title="Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn">Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keston_Institute" title="Keston Institute">Michael Bourdeaux</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alister_Hardy" title="Alister Hardy">Alister Hardy</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_I._McCord" title="James I. McCord">James I. McCord</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Jaki" title="Stanley Jaki">Stanley Jaki</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inamullah_Khan" title="Inamullah Khan">Inamullah Khan</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_von_Weizs%C3%A4cker" title="Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker">Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker</a> & <a href="/wiki/George_MacLeod" title="George MacLeod">George MacLeod</a> (1989)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1990s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baba_Amte" title="Baba Amte">Baba Amte</a> & <a href="/wiki/Charles_Birch" title="Charles Birch">Charles Birch</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immanuel_Jakobovits,_Baron_Jakobovits" title="Immanuel Jakobovits, Baron Jakobovits">Immanuel Jakobovits</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyung-Chik_Han" title="Kyung-Chik Han">Kyung-Chik Han</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Colson" title="Charles Colson">Charles Colson</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Novak" title="Michael Novak">Michael Novak</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Davies" title="Paul Davies">Paul Davies</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Bright" title="Bill Bright">Bill Bright</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandurang_Shastri_Athavale" title="Pandurang Shastri Athavale">Pandurang Shastri Athavale</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigmund_Sternberg" title="Sigmund Sternberg">Sigmund Sternberg</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ian_Barbour" title="Ian Barbour">Ian Barbour</a> (1999)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2000s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Freeman_Dyson" title="Freeman Dyson">Freeman Dyson</a> (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Peacocke" title="Arthur Peacocke">Arthur Peacocke</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Polkinghorne" title="John Polkinghorne">John Polkinghorne</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holmes_Rolston_III" title="Holmes Rolston III">Holmes Rolston III</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_F._R._Ellis" title="George F. R. Ellis">George F. R. Ellis</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_H._Townes" title="Charles H. Townes">Charles H. Townes</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_D._Barrow" title="John D. Barrow">John D. Barrow</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Taylor_(philosopher)" title="Charles Taylor (philosopher)">Charles Taylor</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Micha%C5%82_Heller" title="Michał Heller">Michał Heller</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernard_d%27Espagnat" title="Bernard d'Espagnat">Bernard d'Espagnat</a> (2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2010s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Francisco_J._Ayala" title="Francisco J. Ayala">Francisco J. Ayala</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Rees" title="Martin Rees">Martin Rees</a> (2011)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">14th Dalai Lama</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desmond_Tutu" title="Desmond Tutu">Desmond Tutu</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom%C3%A1%C5%A1_Hal%C3%ADk" title="Tomáš Halík">Tomáš Halík</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Vanier" title="Jean Vanier">Jean Vanier</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Sacks,_Baron_Sacks" title="Jonathan Sacks, Baron Sacks">Jonathan Sacks</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alvin_Plantinga" title="Alvin Plantinga">Alvin Plantinga</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdullah_II_of_Jordan" title="Abdullah II of Jordan">Abdullah II of Jordan</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcelo_Gleiser" title="Marcelo Gleiser">Marcelo Gleiser</a> (2019)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2020s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Collins" title="Francis Collins">Francis Collins</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jane_Goodall" title="Jane Goodall">Jane Goodall</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Wilczek" title="Frank Wilczek">Frank Wilczek</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edna_Adan_Ismail" title="Edna Adan Ismail">Edna Adan Ismail</a> (2023)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Ramon_Magsaysay_Award_recipients" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ramon_Magsaysay_Award_Winners" title="Template:Ramon Magsaysay Award Winners"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ramon_Magsaysay_Award_Winners" title="Template talk:Ramon Magsaysay Award Winners"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ramon_Magsaysay_Award_Winners" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ramon Magsaysay Award Winners"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Ramon_Magsaysay_Award_recipients" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Ramon_Magsaysay_Award" title="Ramon Magsaysay Award">Ramon Magsaysay Award</a> <a href="/wiki/List_of_Ramon_Magsaysay_Award_winners" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Ramon Magsaysay Award winners">recipients</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Government_Service_(1958–2008)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Government Service (1958–2008)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;text-align:left;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_Cambodia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cambodia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_Cambodia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cambodia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_Cambodia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Cambodia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="640" /> <a href="/wiki/Cambodia" title="Cambodia">Cambodia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Ek Sonn Chan</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;text-align:left;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yuan_Longping" title="Yuan Longping">Yuan Longping</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;text-align:left;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/23px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/35px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/45px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/C._D._Deshmukh" title="C. D. Deshmukh">C.D. Deshmukh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._M._Lyngdoh" class="mw-redirect" title="J. M. Lyngdoh">J. M. Lyngdoh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;text-align:left;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Raden Kodijat</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ali_Sadikin" title="Ali Sadikin">Ali Sadikin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;text-align:left;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Morihiko_Hiramatsu" title="Morihiko Hiramatsu">Morihiko Hiramatsu</a></li> <li>Hiroshi Kuroki</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yukiharu_Miki" title="Yukiharu Miki">Yukiharu Miki</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;text-align:left;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Laos.svg/23px-Flag_of_Laos.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Laos.svg/35px-Flag_of_Laos.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Laos.svg/45px-Flag_of_Laos.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Laos" title="Laos">Laos</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Keo Viphakone</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;text-align:left;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mohamed_Suffian_Mohamed_Hashim" title="Mohamed Suffian Mohamed Hashim">Mohamed Suffian Mohamed Hashim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B._C._Shekhar" title="B. C. Shekhar">B. C. Shekhar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;text-align:left;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Akhtar_Hameed_Khan" title="Akhtar Hameed Khan">Akhtar Hameed Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibn_Abdur_Rehman" title="Ibn Abdur Rehman">Ibn Abdur Rehman</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;text-align:left;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Jose Vasquez Aguilar</li> <li>Francisca Reyes-Aquino</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hilario_Davide_Jr." title="Hilario Davide Jr.">Hilario Davide Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grace_Padaca" title="Grace Padaca">Grace Padaca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesse_Robredo" title="Jesse Robredo">Jesse Robredo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jovito_R._Salonga" class="mw-redirect" title="Jovito R. Salonga">Jovito R. Salonga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miriam_Defensor_Santiago" title="Miriam Defensor Santiago">Miriam Defensor Santiago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haydee_Yorac" title="Haydee Yorac">Haydee Yorac</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;text-align:left;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/23px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/35px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/45px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Goh_Keng_Swee" title="Goh Keng Swee">Goh Keng Swee</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;text-align:left;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/23px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/35px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/45px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anand_Panyarachun" title="Anand Panyarachun">Anand Panyarachun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamlong_Srimuang" title="Chamlong Srimuang">Chamlong Srimuang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jon_Ungphakorn" title="Jon Ungphakorn">Jon Ungphakorn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phon_Sangsingkeo" title="Phon Sangsingkeo">Phon Sangsingkeo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prawase_Wasi" title="Prawase Wasi">Prawase Wasi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puey_Ungpakorn" class="mw-redirect" title="Puey Ungpakorn">Puey Ungpakorn</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;text-align:left;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Shih-chu Hsu</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Kwoh-ting" title="Li Kwoh-ting">Li Kwoh-ting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiang_Menglin" title="Jiang Menglin">Jiang Menglin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Public_Service_(1958–2008)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Public Service (1958–2008)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;background:#afc3ff; color:#001086; text-align:left;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flag_of_Myanmar.svg/23px-Flag_of_Myanmar.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flag_of_Myanmar.svg/35px-Flag_of_Myanmar.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flag_of_Myanmar.svg/45px-Flag_of_Myanmar.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Burma</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tee_Tee_Luce" title="Tee Tee Luce">Tee Tee Luce</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;background:#afc3ff; color:#001086; text-align:left;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Flag_of_Ceylon_%281951%E2%80%931972%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ceylon_%281951%E2%80%931972%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Flag_of_Ceylon_%281951%E2%80%931972%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ceylon_%281951%E2%80%931972%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Flag_of_Ceylon_%281951%E2%80%931972%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Ceylon_%281951%E2%80%931972%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Dominion_of_Ceylon" title="Dominion of Ceylon">Ceylon</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Mary H. Rutnam</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;background:#afc3ff; color:#001086; text-align:left;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gao_Yaojie" title="Gao Yaojie">Gao Yaojie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiang_Yanyong" title="Jiang Yanyong">Jiang Yanyong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liang_Congjie" title="Liang Congjie">Liang Congjie</a></li> <li>Wu Qing</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;background:#afc3ff; color:#001086; text-align:left;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/23px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/35px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/45px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baba_Amte" title="Baba Amte">Baba Amte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banoo_Jehangir_Coyaji" title="Banoo Jehangir Coyaji">Banoo Jehangir Coyaji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manibhai_Desai" title="Manibhai Desai">Manibhai Desai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jayaprakash_Narayan" title="Jayaprakash Narayan">Jayaprakash Narayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V._Shanta" title="V. Shanta">V. Shanta</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;background:#afc3ff; color:#001086; text-align:left;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/H.B._Jassin" class="mw-redirect" title="H.B. Jassin">H.B. Jassin</a></li> <li>Teten Masduki</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;background:#afc3ff; color:#001086; text-align:left;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ruth_Pfau" title="Ruth Pfau">Ruth Pfau</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;background:#afc3ff; color:#001086; text-align:left;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pedro_Orata" title="Pedro Orata">Pedro Orata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Card_Bank" title="Card Bank">Center for Agriculture and Rural Development Mutually Reinforcing Institutions (CARD MRI)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;background:#afc3ff; color:#001086; text-align:left;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">South Korea</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Kim Sun-tae</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_Won-soon" title="Park Won-soon">Park Won-soon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;background:#afc3ff; color:#001086; text-align:left;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/35px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/45px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a> based in <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Joaquin Villalonga</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;background:#afc3ff; color:#001086; text-align:left;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/23px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/35px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/45px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fua_Hariphitak" class="mw-redirect" title="Fua Hariphitak">Fua Hariphitak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mechai_Viravaidya" title="Mechai Viravaidya">Mechai Viravaidya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nilawan_Pintong" title="Nilawan Pintong">Nilawan Pintong</a></li> <li>Phra Parnchand</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prateep_Ungsongtham_Hata" title="Prateep Ungsongtham Hata">Prateep Ungsongtham Hata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sirindhorn" title="Sirindhorn">Sirindhorn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sithiporn_Kridakara" title="Sithiporn Kridakara">Sithiporn Kridakara</a></li> <li>Sophon Suphapong</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Therdchai_Jivacate" title="Therdchai Jivacate">Therdchai Jivacate</a></li> <li>Thongbai Thongpao</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Community_Leadership_(1958–2008)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Community Leadership (1958–2008)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;background:#b3c7ff; color:#001086; text-align:left;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tahrunessa_Abdullah" title="Tahrunessa Abdullah">Tahrunessa Abdullah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fazle_Hasan_Abed" title="Fazle Hasan Abed">Fazle Hasan Abed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Yunus" title="Muhammad Yunus">Muhammad Yunus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zafrullah_Chowdhury" title="Zafrullah Chowdhury">Zafrullah Chowdhury</a></li> <li>Mohammed Yeasin</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angela_Gomes" title="Angela Gomes">Angela Gomes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;background:#b3c7ff; color:#001086; text-align:left;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flag_of_Myanmar.svg/23px-Flag_of_Myanmar.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flag_of_Myanmar.svg/35px-Flag_of_Myanmar.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flag_of_Myanmar.svg/45px-Flag_of_Myanmar.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Burma</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cynthia_Maung" title="Cynthia Maung">Cynthia Maung</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;background:#b3c7ff; color:#001086; text-align:left;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/23px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/35px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/45px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Mandakini Amte & <a href="/wiki/Prakash_Amte" title="Prakash Amte">Prakash Amte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mabelle_Arole" title="Mabelle Arole">Mabelle Arole</a> & <a href="/wiki/Rajanikant_Arole" title="Rajanikant Arole">Rajanikant Arole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandurang_Shastri_Athavale" title="Pandurang Shastri Athavale">Pandurang Shastri Athavale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chandi_Prasad_Bhatt" title="Chandi Prasad Bhatt">Chandi Prasad Bhatt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ela_Bhatt" title="Ela Bhatt">Ela Bhatt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vinoba_Bhave" title="Vinoba Bhave">Vinoba Bhave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aruna_Roy" title="Aruna Roy">Aruna Roy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shantha_Sinha" title="Shantha Sinha">Shantha Sinha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajendra_Singh" title="Rajendra Singh">Rajendra Singh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;background:#b3c7ff; color:#001086; text-align:left;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fusaye_Ichikawa" class="mw-redirect" title="Fusaye Ichikawa">Fusaye Ichikawa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;background:#b3c7ff; color:#001086; text-align:left;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Laos.svg/23px-Flag_of_Laos.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Laos.svg/35px-Flag_of_Laos.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Laos.svg/45px-Flag_of_Laos.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Laos" title="Laos">Laos</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sombath_Somphone" title="Sombath Somphone">Sombath Somphone</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;background:#b3c7ff; color:#001086; text-align:left;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tunku_Abdul_Rahman" title="Tunku Abdul Rahman">Tunku Abdul Rahman</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;background:#b3c7ff; color:#001086; text-align:left;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Flag_of_Nepal.svg/16px-Flag_of_Nepal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Flag_of_Nepal.svg/25px-Flag_of_Nepal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Flag_of_Nepal.svg/33px-Flag_of_Nepal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="726" data-file-height="885" />   <a href="/wiki/Nepal" title="Nepal">Nepal</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mahabir_Pun" title="Mahabir Pun">Mahabir Pun</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;background:#b3c7ff; color:#001086; text-align:left;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gawad_Kalinga_Community_Development_Foundation" class="mw-redirect" title="Gawad Kalinga Community Development Foundation">Gawad Kalinga Community Development Foundation</a></li> <li>Antonio Meloto</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;background:#b3c7ff; color:#001086; text-align:left;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/23px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/35px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/45px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Aree Valyasevi</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krasae_Chanawongse" title="Krasae Chanawongse">Krasae Chanawongse</a></li> <li>Prayong Ronnarong</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;background:#b3c7ff; color:#001086; text-align:left;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Flag_of_Tibet.svg/23px-Flag_of_Tibet.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Flag_of_Tibet.svg/35px-Flag_of_Tibet.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Flag_of_Tibet.svg/46px-Flag_of_Tibet.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1152" data-file-height="720" /> <a href="/wiki/Tibet" title="Tibet">Tibet</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">14th Dalai Lama</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Journalism,_Literature,_and_the_Creative_Communication_Arts_(1958–2008)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Journalism, Literature, and the Creative Communication Arts (1958–2008)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;background:#b7cbff; color:#001086; text-align:left;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Matiur_Rahman_(journalist)" title="Matiur Rahman (journalist)">Matiur Rahman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdullah_Abu_Sayeed" title="Abdullah Abu Sayeed">Abdullah Abu Sayeed</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;background:#b7cbff; color:#001086; text-align:left;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flag_of_Myanmar.svg/23px-Flag_of_Myanmar.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flag_of_Myanmar.svg/35px-Flag_of_Myanmar.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flag_of_Myanmar.svg/45px-Flag_of_Myanmar.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Burma</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Michael_Law-Yone" title="Edward Michael Law-Yone">Edward Michael Law-Yone</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;background:#b7cbff; color:#001086; text-align:left;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Flag_of_Ceylon_%281951%E2%80%931972%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ceylon_%281951%E2%80%931972%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Flag_of_Ceylon_%281951%E2%80%931972%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ceylon_%281951%E2%80%931972%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Flag_of_Ceylon_%281951%E2%80%931972%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Ceylon_%281951%E2%80%931972%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Dominion_of_Ceylon" title="Dominion of Ceylon">Ceylon</a> or <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wannakuwatta_Amaradeva" class="mw-redirect" title="Wannakuwatta Amaradeva">Wannakuwatta Amaradeva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarzie_Vittachi" title="Tarzie Vittachi">Tarzie Vittachi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;background:#b7cbff; color:#001086; text-align:left;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/23px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/35px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/45px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mahasweta_Devi" title="Mahasweta Devi">Mahasweta Devi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palagummi_Sainath" title="Palagummi Sainath">Palagummi Sainath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amitabha_Chowdhury" title="Amitabha Chowdhury">Amitabha Chowdhury</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;background:#b7cbff; color:#001086; text-align:left;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Atmakusuma Astraatmadja</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mochtar_Lubis" title="Mochtar Lubis">Mochtar Lubis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;background:#b7cbff; color:#001086; text-align:left;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Akira_Kurosawa" title="Akira Kurosawa">Akira Kurosawa</a></li> <li>Yasuji Hanamori</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michiko_Ishimure" title="Michiko Ishimure">Michiko Ishimure</a></li> <li>Akio Ishii</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;background:#b7cbff; color:#001086; text-align:left;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Flag_of_Nepal.svg/16px-Flag_of_Nepal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Flag_of_Nepal.svg/25px-Flag_of_Nepal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Flag_of_Nepal.svg/33px-Flag_of_Nepal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="726" data-file-height="885" />   <a href="/wiki/Nepal" title="Nepal">Nepal</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bharat_Koirala" title="Bharat Koirala">Bharat Koirala</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;background:#b7cbff; color:#001086; text-align:left;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zacarias_Sarian" title="Zacarias Sarian">Zacarias Sarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F._Sionil_Jos%C3%A9" title="F. Sionil José">F. Sionil José</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lino_Brocka" title="Lino Brocka">Lino Brocka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radio_Veritas" title="Radio Veritas">Radio Veritas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Reuter" title="James Reuter">James Reuter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bienvenido_Lumbera" title="Bienvenido Lumbera">Bienvenido Lumbera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nick_Joaquin" title="Nick Joaquin">Nick Joaquin</a></li> <li>Raul Locsin</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugenia_Duran_Apostol" class="mw-redirect" title="Eugenia Duran Apostol">Eugenia Duran Apostol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheila_Coronel" title="Sheila Coronel">Sheila Coronel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;background:#b7cbff; color:#001086; text-align:left;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/23px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/35px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/45px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prayoon_Chanyavongs" title="Prayoon Chanyavongs">Prayoon Chanyavongs</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;background:#b7cbff; color:#001086; text-align:left;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">Great Britain</a> based in <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Robert McCulloch Dick</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Peace_and_International_Understanding_(1958–2008)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Peace and International Understanding (1958–2008)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;background:#bbcfff; color:#001086; text-align:left;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tang_Xiyang" title="Tang Xiyang">Tang Xiyang</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;background:#bbcfff; color:#001086; text-align:left;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/23px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/35px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/45px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mother_Teresa" title="Mother Teresa">Mother Teresa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jockin_Arputham" title="Jockin Arputham">Jockin Arputham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laxminarayan_Ramdas" title="Laxminarayan Ramdas">Laxminarayan Ramdas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;background:#bbcfff; color:#001086; text-align:left;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ahmad_Syafi%27i_Maarif" title="Ahmad Syafi'i Maarif">Ahmad Syafi'i Maarif</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;background:#bbcfff; color:#001086; text-align:left;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ikuo_Hirayama" title="Ikuo Hirayama">Ikuo Hirayama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tetsu_Nakamura" title="Tetsu Nakamura">Tetsu Nakamura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saburo_Okita" title="Saburo Okita">Saburo Okita</a></li> <li>Seiei Toyama</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;background:#bbcfff; color:#001086; text-align:left;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Flag_of_Nepal.svg/16px-Flag_of_Nepal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Flag_of_Nepal.svg/25px-Flag_of_Nepal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Flag_of_Nepal.svg/33px-Flag_of_Nepal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="726" data-file-height="885" />   <a href="/wiki/Nepal" title="Nepal">Nepal</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sanduk_Ruit" title="Sanduk Ruit">Sanduk Ruit</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;background:#bbcfff; color:#001086; text-align:left;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ibn_Abdur_Rehman" title="Ibn Abdur Rehman">Ibn Abdur Rehman</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;background:#bbcfff; color:#001086; text-align:left;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Operation Brotherhood</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Summer_Institute_of_Linguistics" class="mw-redirect" title="Summer Institute of Linguistics">Summer Institute of Linguistics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Masterson" title="William Masterson">William Masterson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_Ray_Watson" title="Harold Ray Watson">Harold Ray Watson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Institute_of_Rural_Reconstruction" title="International Institute of Rural Reconstruction">International Institute of Rural Reconstruction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Press_Foundation_of_Asia" title="Press Foundation of Asia">Press Foundation of Asia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asian_Institute_of_Management" title="Asian Institute of Management">Asian Institute of Management</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corazon_Aquino" title="Corazon Aquino">Corazon Aquino</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;background:#bbcfff; color:#001086; text-align:left;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">South Korea</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pomnyun" title="Pomnyun">Pomnyun</a> Sunim</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;background:#bbcfff; color:#001086; text-align:left;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/23px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/35px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/45px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asian_Institute_of_Technology" title="Asian Institute of Technology">Asian Institute of Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Royal_Project_(Thailand)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Royal Project (Thailand)">The Royal Project</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;background:#bbcfff; color:#001086; text-align:left;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> based in <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/23px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/35px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/45px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Genevieve_Caulfield" title="Genevieve Caulfield">Genevieve Caulfield</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Emergent_Leadership_(2001–)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Emergent Leadership (2001–)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;background:#bfd3ff; color:#001086; text-align:left;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flag_of_Myanmar.svg/23px-Flag_of_Myanmar.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flag_of_Myanmar.svg/35px-Flag_of_Myanmar.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flag_of_Myanmar.svg/45px-Flag_of_Myanmar.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Burma</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ka_Hsaw_Wa" title="Ka Hsaw Wa">Ka Hsaw Wa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;background:#bfd3ff; color:#001086; text-align:left;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Guangcheng" title="Chen Guangcheng">Chen Guangcheng</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;background:#bfd3ff; color:#001086; text-align:left;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_Cambodia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cambodia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_Cambodia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cambodia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_Cambodia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Cambodia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="640" /> <a href="/wiki/Cambodia" title="Cambodia">Cambodia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oung_Chanthol" title="Oung Chanthol">Oung Chanthol</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;background:#bfd3ff; color:#001086; text-align:left;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/23px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/35px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/45px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sanjiv_Chaturvedi" title="Sanjiv Chaturvedi">Sanjiv Chaturvedi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arvind_Kejriwal" title="Arvind Kejriwal">Arvind Kejriwal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nileema_Mishra" title="Nileema Mishra">Nileema Mishra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandeep_Pandey" title="Sandeep Pandey">Sandeep Pandey</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;background:#bfd3ff; color:#001086; text-align:left;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Ambrosius Ruwindrijarto</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dita_Indah_Sari" title="Dita Indah Sari">Dita Indah Sari</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;background:#bfd3ff; color:#001086; text-align:left;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Abadiano" title="Benjamin Abadiano">Benjamin Abadiano</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;background:#bfd3ff; color:#001086; text-align:left;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">South Korea</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Yoon Hye-ran</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;background:#bfd3ff; color:#001086; text-align:left;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Ananda Galappatti</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;background:#bfd3ff; color:#001086; text-align:left;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Flag_of_East_Timor.svg/23px-Flag_of_East_Timor.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Flag_of_East_Timor.svg/35px-Flag_of_East_Timor.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Flag_of_East_Timor.svg/46px-Flag_of_East_Timor.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/East_Timor" title="East Timor">East Timor</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aniceto_Guterres_Lopes" title="Aniceto Guterres Lopes">Aniceto Guterres Lopes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;background:#bfd3ff; color:#001086; text-align:left;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> based in <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg/23px-Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg/35px-Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg/45px-Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chung_To" title="Chung To">Chung To</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Uncategorized_(2009–)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Uncategorized (2009–)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;background:#c3d7ff; color:#001086; text-align:left;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rizwana_Hasan" title="Rizwana Hasan">Syeda Rizwana Hasan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A.H.M._Noman_Khan" title="A.H.M. Noman Khan">A.H.M. Noman Khan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;background:#c3d7ff; color:#001086; text-align:left;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_Cambodia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cambodia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_Cambodia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cambodia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_Cambodia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Cambodia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="640" /> <a href="/wiki/Cambodia" title="Cambodia">Cambodia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Yang Saing Koma</li> <li>Koul Panha</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;background:#c3d7ff; color:#001086; text-align:left;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Fu Qiping</li> <li>Huo Daishan</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma_Jun_(environmentalist)" title="Ma Jun (environmentalist)">Ma Jun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan_Yue_(politician)" title="Pan Yue (politician)">Pan Yue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yu_Xiaogang" title="Yu Xiaogang">Yu Xiaogang</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;background:#c3d7ff; color:#001086; text-align:left;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/23px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/35px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/45px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Kulandei Francis</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harish_Hande" title="Harish Hande">Harish Hande</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deep_Joshi" title="Deep Joshi">Deep Joshi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;background:#c3d7ff; color:#001086; text-align:left;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Hasanain Juaini</li> <li>Tri Mumpuni</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;background:#c3d7ff; color:#001086; text-align:left;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tadatoshi_Akiba" title="Tadatoshi Akiba">Tadatoshi Akiba</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;background:#c3d7ff; color:#001086; text-align:left;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Alternative Indigenous Development Foundation, Inc. (AIDFI)</li> <li>Christopher Bernido</li> <li>Ma. Victoria Carpio-Bernido</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romulo_Davide" title="Romulo Davide">Romulo Davide</a></li> <li>Antonio Oposa Jr.</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;background:#c3d7ff; color:#001086; text-align:left;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Shu-chu" title="Chen Shu-chu">Chen Shu-chu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;background:#c3d7ff; color:#001086; text-align:left;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/23px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/35px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/45px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Krisana_Kraisintu" title="Krisana Kraisintu">Krisana Kraisintu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Pacem_in_Terris_Peace_and_Freedom_Award_laureates" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:gold"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Pacem_in_Terris_Award_laureates" title="Template:Pacem in Terris Award laureates"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Pacem_in_Terris_Award_laureates" title="Template talk:Pacem in Terris Award laureates"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Pacem_in_Terris_Award_laureates" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Pacem in Terris Award laureates"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Pacem_in_Terris_Peace_and_Freedom_Award_laureates" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Pacem_in_Terris_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Pacem in Terris Award">Pacem in Terris Peace and Freedom Award</a> laureates</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">1960s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>1964: <a href="/wiki/John_Howard_Griffin" title="John Howard Griffin">John Howard Griffin</a> / <a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy" title="John F. Kennedy">John F. Kennedy</a></li> <li>1965: <a href="/wiki/Martin_Luther_King_Jr." title="Martin Luther King Jr.">Martin Luther King Jr.</a></li> <li>1966: <a href="/wiki/Sargent_Shriver" title="Sargent Shriver">R. Sargent Shriver</a></li> <li>1967: <a href="/wiki/A._Philip_Randolph" title="A. Philip Randolph">A. Philip Randolph</a></li> <li>1968: <a href="/wiki/James_Groppi" title="James Groppi">James Groppi</a></li> <li>1969: <a href="/wiki/Saul_Alinsky" title="Saul Alinsky">Saul Alinsky</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">1970s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>1971: <a href="/wiki/Dorothy_Day" title="Dorothy Day">Dorothy Day</a></li> <li>1974: <a href="/wiki/Harold_Hughes" title="Harold Hughes">Harold Hughes</a></li> <li>1975: <a href="/wiki/H%C3%A9lder_C%C3%A2mara" title="Hélder Câmara">Hélder Câmara</a></li> <li>1976: <a href="/wiki/Mother_Teresa" title="Mother Teresa">Mother Teresa</a></li> <li>1979: <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Gumbleton" title="Thomas Gumbleton">Thomas Gumbleton</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">1980s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>1980: <a href="/wiki/Crystal_Lee_Sutton" title="Crystal Lee Sutton">Crystal Lee Sutton</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ernest_Leo_Unterkoefler" title="Ernest Leo Unterkoefler">Ernest Leo Unterkoefler</a></li> <li>1982: <a href="/wiki/George_F._Kennan" title="George F. Kennan">George F. Kennan</a></li> <li>1983: <a href="/wiki/Helen_Caldicott" title="Helen Caldicott">Helen Caldicott</a></li> <li>1985: <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Bernardin" title="Joseph Bernardin">Joseph Bernardin</a></li> <li>1986: <a href="/wiki/Maurice_John_Dingman" title="Maurice John Dingman">Maurice John Dingman</a></li> <li>1987: <a href="/wiki/Desmond_Tutu" title="Desmond Tutu">Desmond Tutu</a></li> <li>1989: <a href="/wiki/Eileen_Egan" title="Eileen Egan">Eileen Egan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">1990s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>1990: <a href="/wiki/Mairead_Maguire" title="Mairead Maguire">Mairead Maguire</a></li> <li>1991: <a href="/wiki/Mar%C3%ADa_Julia_Hern%C3%A1ndez" title="María Julia Hernández">María Julia Hernández</a></li> <li>1992: <a href="/wiki/Cesar_Chavez" title="Cesar Chavez">César Chávez</a></li> <li>1993: <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Berrigan" title="Daniel Berrigan">Daniel Berrigan</a></li> <li>1995: <a href="/wiki/Jim_Wallis" title="Jim Wallis">Jim Wallis</a></li> <li>1996: <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Ruiz" title="Samuel Ruiz">Samuel Ruiz</a></li> <li>1997: <a href="/wiki/James_W._Douglass" title="James W. Douglass">Jim and Shelley Douglass</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">2000s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>2000: <a href="/wiki/George_G._Higgins" title="George G. Higgins">George G. Higgins</a></li> <li>2001: <a href="/wiki/Lech_Wa%C5%82%C4%99sa" title="Lech Wałęsa">Lech Wałęsa</a></li> <li>2002: <a href="/wiki/Gwen_Hennessey" title="Gwen Hennessey">Gwen Hennessey</a> / <a href="/wiki/Dorothy_Hennessey" title="Dorothy Hennessey">Dorothy Hennessey</a></li> <li>2004: <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Simon" title="Arthur Simon">Arthur Simon</a></li> <li>2005: <a href="/wiki/Donald_Mosley" title="Donald Mosley">Donald Mosley</a></li> <li>2007: <a href="/wiki/Salim_Ghazal" title="Salim Ghazal">Salim Ghazal</a></li> <li>2008: <a href="/wiki/Marvin_Mottet" title="Marvin Mottet">Marvin Mottet</a></li> <li>2009: <a href="/wiki/Hildegard_Goss-Mayr" title="Hildegard Goss-Mayr">Hildegard Goss-Mayr</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">2010s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>2010: <a href="/wiki/John_Dear" title="John Dear">John Dear</a></li> <li>2011: <a href="/wiki/%C3%81lvaro_Leonel_Ramazzini_Imeri" title="Álvaro Leonel Ramazzini Imeri">Álvaro Leonel Ramazzini Imeri</a></li> <li>2012: <a href="/wiki/Kim_Bobo" title="Kim Bobo">Kim Bobo</a></li> <li>2013: <a href="/wiki/Jean_Vanier" title="Jean Vanier">Jean Vanier</a></li> <li>2014: <a href="/wiki/Simone_Campbell" title="Simone Campbell">Simone Campbell</a></li> <li>2015: <a href="/wiki/Th%C3%ADch_Nh%E1%BA%A5t_H%E1%BA%A1nh" title="Thích Nhất Hạnh">Thích Nhất Hạnh</a></li> <li>2016: <a href="/wiki/Gustavo_Guti%C3%A9rrez" title="Gustavo Gutiérrez">Gustavo Gutiérrez</a></li> <li>2017: <a href="/wiki/Widad_Akrawi" title="Widad Akrawi">Widad Akreyi</a></li> <li>2019: <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Dalai Lama</a></li> <li>2019: <a href="/wiki/Munib_Younan" title="Munib Younan">Munib Younan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">2020s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>2022: <a href="/wiki/Norma_Pimentel" title="Norma Pimentel">Norma Pimentel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17293#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17293#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17293#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000121285920">ISNI</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/38242123">VIAF</a><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/316657442">2</a></li></ul></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/56710/">FAST</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJg4mDGRfwMqccx6Xmrg8C">WorldCat</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/118523449">Germany</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n80079447">United States</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12077841c">France</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12077841c">BnF data</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00451263">Japan</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/CFIV016044">Italy</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an36563331">Australia</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=jn19981000345&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX1015812">Spain</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.bnportugal.gov.pt/aut/catbnp/89584">Portugal</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p068277687">Netherlands</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90293815">Norway</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000026719&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://katalog.nsk.hr/F/?func=direct&doc_number=000094367&local_base=nsk10">Croatia</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bncatalogo.cl/F?func=direct&local_base=red10&doc_number=000202662">Chile</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lod.nl.go.kr/resource/KAC199603800">Korea</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/1zcff2jk33lctb6">Sweden</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810582796305606">Poland</a></li><li><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8034&url_prefix=https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/&id=495/11653">Vatican</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007259100505171">Israel</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:au:finaf:000074738">Finland</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058518513106706">Catalonia</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.kbr.be/LIBRARY/doc/AUTHORITY/14018502">Belgium</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA02137185?l=en">CiNii</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/artist/4f3dea40-1b06-4ace-9e19-8844392fa1b0">MusicBrainz</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/1294539">Trove</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd118523449.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/118523449">DDB</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/029077818">IdRef</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10567675">NARA</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6ww8160">SNAC</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://collections.tepapa.govt.nz/agent/39464">Te Papa (New Zealand)</a><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://collections.tepapa.govt.nz/agent/41514">2</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=14th_Dalai_Lama&oldid=1257990735">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=14th_Dalai_Lama&oldid=1257990735</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:14th_Dalai_Lama" title="Category:14th Dalai Lama">14th Dalai Lama</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1935_births" title="Category:1935 births">1935 births</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:20th-century_lamas" title="Category:20th-century lamas">20th-century lamas</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:20th-century_philosophers" title="Category:20th-century philosophers">20th-century philosophers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:20th-century_Tibetan_people" title="Category:20th-century Tibetan people">20th-century Tibetan people</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:21st-century_philosophers" title="Category:21st-century philosophers">21st-century philosophers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:21st-century_Tibetan_people" title="Category:21st-century Tibetan people">21st-century Tibetan people</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Buddhist_and_Christian_interfaith_dialogue" title="Category:Buddhist and Christian interfaith dialogue">Buddhist and Christian interfaith dialogue</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Buddhist_socialism" title="Category:Buddhist socialism">Buddhist socialism</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Buddhist_feminists" title="Category:Buddhist feminists">Buddhist feminists</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Buddhist_monks_from_Tibet" title="Category:Buddhist monks from Tibet">Buddhist monks from Tibet</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Buddhist_pacifists" title="Category:Buddhist pacifists">Buddhist pacifists</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Scholars_of_Buddhism_from_Tibet" title="Category:Scholars of Buddhism from Tibet">Scholars of Buddhism from Tibet</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Civil_rights_activists" title="Category:Civil rights activists">Civil rights activists</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Dalai_Lamas" title="Category:Dalai Lamas">Dalai Lamas</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Dorje_Shugden_controversy" title="Category:Dorje Shugden controversy">Dorje Shugden controversy</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Ecofeminists" title="Category:Ecofeminists">Ecofeminists</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Living_people" title="Category:Living people">Living people</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Male_feminists" title="Category:Male feminists">Male feminists</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Tibetan_Marxists" title="Category:Tibetan Marxists">Tibetan Marxists</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Marxist_feminists" title="Category:Marxist feminists">Marxist feminists</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Congressional_Gold_Medal_recipients" title="Category:Congressional Gold Medal recipients">Congressional Gold Medal recipients</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Nautilus_Book_Award_winners" title="Category:Nautilus Book Award winners">Nautilus Book Award winners</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Nobel_Peace_Prize_laureates" title="Category:Nobel Peace Prize laureates">Nobel Peace Prize laureates</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Nobel_laureates_from_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="Category:Nobel laureates from the People's Republic of China">Nobel laureates from the People's Republic of China</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Vice_Chairpersons_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress" title="Category:Vice Chairpersons of the National People's Congress">Vice Chairpersons of the National People's Congress</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Nonviolence_advocates" title="Category:Nonviolence advocates">Nonviolence advocates</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:People_from_Kangra,_Himachal_Pradesh" title="Category:People from Kangra, Himachal Pradesh">People from Kangra, Himachal Pradesh</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:People_from_Ping%27an" title="Category:People from Ping'an">People from Ping'an</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Ramon_Magsaysay_Award_winners" title="Category:Ramon Magsaysay Award winners">Ramon Magsaysay Award winners</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Tibetan_activists" title="Category:Tibetan activists">Tibetan activists</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Tibetan_dissidents" title="Category:Tibetan dissidents">Tibetan dissidents</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Tibetan_Buddhists_from_Tibet" title="Category:Tibetan Buddhists from Tibet">Tibetan Buddhists from Tibet</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Tibet_freedom_activists" title="Category:Tibet freedom activists">Tibet freedom activists</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Tibetan_environmentalists" title="Category:Tibetan environmentalists">Tibetan environmentalists</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Tibetan_feminists" title="Category:Tibetan feminists">Tibetan feminists</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Tibetan_pacifists" title="Category:Tibetan pacifists">Tibetan pacifists</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Templeton_Prize_laureates" title="Category:Templeton Prize laureates">Templeton Prize laureates</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:People_associated_with_animal_welfare_and_rights" title="Category:People associated with animal welfare and rights">People associated with animal welfare and rights</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:21st-century_Buddhist_monks" title="Category:21st-century Buddhist monks">21st-century Buddhist monks</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:21st-century_lamas" title="Category:21st-century lamas">21st-century lamas</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Tibetan_refugees" title="Category:Tibetan refugees">Tibetan refugees</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Tibetan_emigrants_to_India" title="Category:Tibetan emigrants to India">Tibetan emigrants to India</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:World_War_II_political_leaders" title="Category:World War II political leaders">World War II political leaders</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Standard_Tibetan-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Standard Tibetan-language text">Articles containing Standard Tibetan-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_with_Standard_Tibetan_IPA" title="Category:Pages with Standard Tibetan IPA">Pages with Standard Tibetan IPA</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_simplified_Chinese-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing simplified Chinese-language text">Articles containing simplified Chinese-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_traditional_Chinese-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing traditional Chinese-language text">Articles containing traditional Chinese-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Chinese-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Chinese-language text">Articles containing Chinese-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Category:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_numeric_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list">CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_Chinese-language_sources_(zh)" title="Category:CS1 Chinese-language sources (zh)">CS1 Chinese-language sources (zh)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_uses_Chinese-language_script_(zh)" title="Category:CS1 uses Chinese-language script (zh)">CS1 uses Chinese-language script (zh)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_dead_external_links" title="Category:All articles with dead external links">All articles with dead external links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_dead_external_links_from_June_2023" title="Category:Articles with dead external links from June 2023">Articles with dead external links from June 2023</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_permanently_dead_external_links" title="Category:Articles with permanently dead external links">Articles with permanently dead external links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">CS1 maint: location missing publisher</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_Spanish-language_sources_(es)" title="Category:CS1 Spanish-language sources (es)">CS1 Spanish-language sources (es)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_indefinitely_move-protected_pages" title="Category:Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages">Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_pending_changes_protected_pages" title="Category:Wikipedia pending changes protected pages">Wikipedia pending changes protected pages</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:EngvarB_from_July_2023" title="Category:EngvarB from July 2023">EngvarB from July 2023</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_July_2023" title="Category:Use dmy dates from July 2023">Use dmy dates from July 2023</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_accuracy_disputes" title="Category:All accuracy disputes">All accuracy disputes</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_disputed_statements_from_November_2023" title="Category:Articles with disputed statements from November 2023">Articles with disputed statements from November 2023</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements" title="Category:All articles with unsourced statements">All articles with unsourced statements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_October_2021" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from October 2021">Articles with unsourced statements from October 2021</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_March_2017" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from March 2017">Articles with unsourced statements from March 2017</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_January_2023" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from January 2023">Articles with unsourced statements from January 2023</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_that_may_have_off-topic_sections" title="Category:All articles that may have off-topic sections">All articles that may have off-topic sections</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_that_may_have_off-topic_sections_from_February_2018" title="Category:Wikipedia articles that may have off-topic sections from February 2018">Wikipedia articles that may have off-topic sections from February 2018</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_Sister_project_links_with_hidden_wikidata" title="Category:Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata">Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_Internet_Archive_links" title="Category:Articles with Internet Archive links">Articles with Internet Archive links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:People_appearing_on_C-SPAN" title="Category:People appearing on C-SPAN">People appearing on C-SPAN</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Nobelprize_template_using_Wikidata_property_P8024" title="Category:Nobelprize template using Wikidata property P8024">Nobelprize template using Wikidata property P8024</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_video_clips" title="Category:Articles containing video clips">Articles containing video clips</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 17 November 2024, at 15:38 (UTC).</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=14th_Dalai_Lama&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-78f4c97c5d-5bkfd","wgBackendResponseTime":261,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"4.963","walltime":"5.561","ppvisitednodes":{"value":49337,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":1203164,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":52075,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":17,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":27,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":1526645,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 4670.441 1 -total"," 45.28% 2114.850 2 Template:Reflist"," 22.60% 1055.634 200 Template:Cite_web"," 9.49% 443.222 89 Template:Cite_news"," 7.41% 345.991 14 Template:Navbox"," 6.73% 314.444 64 Template:ISBN"," 6.21% 289.909 1 Template:Ramon_Magsaysay_Award_Winners"," 6.09% 284.427 1 Template:Navbox_with_collapsible_groups"," 5.88% 274.716 1 Template:Tibetan_Buddhism"," 5.80% 270.964 1 Template:Sidebar_with_collapsible_lists"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"2.820","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":22307168,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-logs":"anchor_id_list = table#1 {\n [\"BD_122\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREF14th_Dalai_Lama1999\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAFP2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAlund\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAnand2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAntonia_Blumberg2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAssociated_Press2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBakerPomfret1998\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBarnett2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBearak\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBearak2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBegley,_Sharon2007\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFBernton2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBlanchard2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBorelli2023\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBranigan2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBuckley2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBurns1996\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFC2023\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCampbell2019\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCanada_Tibet_Committee\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCarlota_Bisbe2023\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCherian2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFChhatlani2019\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFClaudia_Dreifus1993\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCraig1998\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCronin_Marcello2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCurt_Newton2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDalai_Lama\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDalai_Lama2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDalai_Lama2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDalai_Lama2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDalai_Lama_XIV1999\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDavid_LagueStephanie_Nebehay2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDavid_P._BarrettLawrence_N._Shyu2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDaza2023\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDhundup2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDolma2024\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDonald_S_Lopez_Jr.2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDouglas1999\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDresser1997\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEdelstein2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEllen2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEllis-Petersen2023\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFischer2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFoley2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGMT_22008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGittings2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGoldstein1991\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGould1957\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGyalpo2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHaberman2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFIndo-Asian_News_Service2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFIyer2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJagdeep_Singh_Deep2019\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJames_Kingsland2014\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFJamyang_Dorjee_Chakrishar\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJustin_Huggler2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKay2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKedmey2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKhando2019\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKnowlton2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKoch2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKristof2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKshipra_Simon2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKyle2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLama1990\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLama2022\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLama2023\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFLethe_Guo2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLila2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLin2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLopez\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLutz2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMabe2021\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFManjeet_Sehgal2019\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMann1998\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMarkoff2009\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFMarkoffBarboza2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMartina2019\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMatthew_Smith2020\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMelissa_Rice2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMelvyn_C._Goldstein2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMelvyn_Goldstein2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMichael_Caddell2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMiglani2018\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMills2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMirsky2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMohan2019\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMolloy2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMorgan2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFOlson\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPTI2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPatranobis2019\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPaul_Kocot_Nietupski1999\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPerlroth2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPerlrothCongerMozur2019\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPerry2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPhuntsok_Yangchen2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPiper_Rae_Gaubatz1996\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPowers\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPowers2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPress_Trust_of_India2018\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPress_Trust_of_India2019\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPundir2023\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFRamzy2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRegina_A._Corso2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRodriguez\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSamphel2015\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFSamphel2018\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSengupta2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFShaheen2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFShri_Puri2019\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSlodkowskiLies2021\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSmith,_Warren_W._Jr.1997\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSpencer2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSpencer2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSravasti_Dasgupta2023\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFStaff_Writers2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFStewart2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFStobdan2019\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTatlow2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTenzin2019\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTenzin_Gyatso2005\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFThe_14th_Dalai_Lama2021\"] = 4,\n [\"CITEREFThe_Dalai_Lama\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFThondupThurston2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFThubten\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTseten_Samdup1996\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFUniversity_of_Cambridge._Mongolia_\u0026amp;_Inner_Asia_Studies_Unit2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFVan_Schaik2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFVreeland2022\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWang2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWee2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWilliam_Blum2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWong2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWoodheadPartridgeKawanami2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFXia\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFYardleyWong2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFYeshe\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFYuxia2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFthe_14th_Dalai_Lama\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFvan_PraggC._Van1988\"] = 1,\n [\"Mandala_Magazine\"] = 1,\n}\ntemplate_list = table#1 {\n [\"!\"] = 1,\n [\"'\\\"\"] = 1,\n [\"1989 Nobel Prize winners\"] = 1,\n [\"Authority control\"] = 1,\n [\"Birth date and age\"] = 1,\n [\"Blockquote\"] = 5,\n [\"Bo\"] = 3,\n [\"Books by the 14th Dalai Lama\"] = 1,\n [\"C-SPAN\"] = 1,\n [\"Citation\"] = 4,\n [\"Citation needed\"] = 4,\n [\"Cite AV media\"] = 2,\n [\"Cite book\"] = 33,\n [\"Cite constitution\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite journal\"] = 3,\n [\"Cite magazine\"] = 2,\n [\"Cite news\"] = 89,\n [\"Cite press release\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite video\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite web\"] = 200,\n [\"Cite wikisource\"] = 2,\n [\"Clear\"] = 1,\n [\"Colbegin\"] = 1,\n [\"Colend\"] = 1,\n [\"DEFAULTSORT:Dalai Lama, 14th\"] = 1,\n [\"Dalai Lamas\"] = 1,\n [\"Dead link\"] = 1,\n [\"Div col\"] = 1,\n [\"Div col end\"] = 1,\n [\"Dubious\"] = 1,\n [\"Efn\"] = 10,\n [\"EngvarB\"] = 1,\n [\"IPAc-en\"] = 2,\n [\"ISBN\"] = 64,\n [\"Infobox royalty\"] = 1,\n [\"Interlanguage link\"] = 1,\n [\"Internet Archive film clip\"] = 1,\n [\"Lang-zh\"] = 2,\n [\"Main\"] = 3,\n [\"NPCSC Vice-Chairpersons\"] = 1,\n [\"Nbsp\"] = 2,\n [\"Nobel Peace Prize Laureates 1976–2000\"] = 1,\n [\"Nobel laureates of the People's Republic of China\"] = 1,\n [\"Nobelprize\"] = 1,\n [\"Notelist\"] = 1,\n [\"Né\"] = 1,\n [\"Official website\"] = 1,\n [\"PM20\"] = 1,\n [\"Pacem in Terris Award laureates\"] = 1,\n [\"Plainlist\"] = 1,\n [\"Portal\"] = 1,\n [\"Pp-move\"] = 1,\n [\"Pp-pc\"] = 1,\n [\"Ramon Magsaysay Award Winners\"] = 1,\n [\"Refbegin\"] = 1,\n [\"Refend\"] = 1,\n [\"Reflist\"] = 1,\n [\"Relevance inline\"] = 1,\n [\"S-ach\"] = 1,\n [\"S-aft\"] = 3,\n [\"S-bef\"] = 3,\n [\"S-end\"] = 1,\n [\"S-hou\"] = 1,\n [\"S-inc\"] = 1,\n [\"S-new\"] = 2,\n [\"S-non\"] = 1,\n [\"S-off\"] = 1,\n [\"S-rel\"] = 1,\n [\"S-start\"] = 1,\n [\"S-ttl\"] = 5,\n [\"See also\"] = 1,\n [\"Sfn\"] = 3,\n [\"Short description\"] = 1,\n [\"Sister project links\"] = 1,\n [\"Snd\"] = 1,\n [\"Templeton Prize Laureates\"] = 1,\n [\"Tibet Autonomous Region leaders\"] = 1,\n [\"Tibetan Buddhism\"] = 1,\n [\"Use dmy dates\"] = 1,\n [\"Webarchive\"] = 25,\n [\"Zh\"] = 2,\n}\narticle_whitelist = table#1 {\n}\n","limitreport-profile":[["?","600","18.0"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::getExpandedArgument","340","10.2"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::callParserFunction","280","8.4"],["dataWrapper \u003Cmw.lua:672\u003E","240","7.2"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::getAllExpandedArguments","180","5.4"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::gsub","160","4.8"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::match","140","4.2"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::find","140","4.2"],["recursiveClone \u003CmwInit.lua:45\u003E","140","4.2"],["\u003Cmw.lua:694\u003E","120","3.6"],["[others]","1000","29.9"]]},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-7fc47fc68d-md2p5","timestamp":"20241128193905","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"14th Dalai Lama","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/14th_Dalai_Lama","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q17293","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q17293","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2003-03-18T21:55:22Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/1\/13\/Tenzin_Gyatso_-_Trento_2013_01.JPG","headline":"14th Dalai Lama"}</script> </body> </html>