CINXE.COM
IBM Research
<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><meta charSet="utf-8"/><title>IBM Research</title><meta name="description" content="At IBM Research, we’re inventing what’s next in AI, quantum computing, and hybrid cloud to shape the world ahead."/><meta name="robots" content="index,follow"/><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"/><link rel="canonical" href="https://research.ibm.com/"/><link rel="icon" href="//www.ibm.com/favicon.ico"/><meta name="dcterms.date" content="2021-02-09"/><meta name="dcterms.rights" content="© Copyright IBM Corp. 2021"/><meta name="geo.country" content="US"/><meta name="google-site-verification" content="O1nsbg1J1iAeYJK6HneffI0_RiLebmSPxfs5ESYNnwI"/><meta property="og:title" content="IBM Research"/><meta property="og:type" content="website"/><meta property="og:url" content="https://research.ibm.com/"/><meta property="og:site_name" content="IBM Research"/><meta property="og:locale" content="en_US"/><meta property="og:description" content="At IBM Research, we’re inventing what’s next in AI, quantum computing, and hybrid cloud to shape the world ahead."/><meta property="og:image" content="https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2FIBM_Research_Base_Image_3de5667d16.jpg&w=1200&q=75"/><meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"/><meta property="og:image:height" content="1200"/><meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"/><meta name="twitter:creator" content="@IBMResearch"/><meta name="twitter:site" content="@IBMResearch"/><meta name="twitter:title" content="IBM Research"/><meta name="twitter:description" content="At IBM Research, we’re inventing what’s next in AI, quantum computing, and hybrid cloud to shape the world ahead."/><meta name="twitter:image" content="https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2FIBM_Research_Base_Image_3de5667d16.jpg&w=1200&q=75"/><link rel="preload" as="image" imageSrcSet="https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fthink-lab.65870941.jpg&w=640&q=75 640w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fthink-lab.65870941.jpg&w=750&q=75 750w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fthink-lab.65870941.jpg&w=828&q=75 828w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fthink-lab.65870941.jpg&w=1080&q=75 1080w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fthink-lab.65870941.jpg&w=1200&q=75 1200w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fthink-lab.65870941.jpg&w=1920&q=75 1920w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fthink-lab.65870941.jpg&w=2048&q=75 2048w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fthink-lab.65870941.jpg&w=3840&q=75 3840w" imageSizes="(min-width: 99rem) calc((99rem - 50rem) * 0.4375 + 18rem), (min-width: 82rem) calc((100vw - 50rem) * 0.4375 + 18rem), (min-width: 66rem) calc((100vw - 49rem) * 0.4375 + 18rem), (min-width: 42rem) calc(((100vw - 27rem) * 0.5 + 9rem) + 3rem), 100vw"/><link rel="preload" as="image" imageSrcSet="https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fwafer-album.4c12313b.jpg&w=16&q=75 16w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fwafer-album.4c12313b.jpg&w=32&q=75 32w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fwafer-album.4c12313b.jpg&w=48&q=75 48w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fwafer-album.4c12313b.jpg&w=64&q=75 64w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fwafer-album.4c12313b.jpg&w=96&q=75 96w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fwafer-album.4c12313b.jpg&w=128&q=75 128w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fwafer-album.4c12313b.jpg&w=256&q=75 256w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fwafer-album.4c12313b.jpg&w=384&q=75 384w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fwafer-album.4c12313b.jpg&w=640&q=75 640w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fwafer-album.4c12313b.jpg&w=750&q=75 750w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fwafer-album.4c12313b.jpg&w=828&q=75 828w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fwafer-album.4c12313b.jpg&w=1080&q=75 1080w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fwafer-album.4c12313b.jpg&w=1200&q=75 1200w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fwafer-album.4c12313b.jpg&w=1920&q=75 1920w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fwafer-album.4c12313b.jpg&w=2048&q=75 2048w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fwafer-album.4c12313b.jpg&w=3840&q=75 3840w" imageSizes="(min-width: 99rem) calc(((99rem - 50rem) * 0.125 + 3rem) + 6rem), (min-width: 82rem) calc(((100vw - 50rem) * 0.125 + 3rem) + 6rem), (min-width: 66rem) calc(((100vw - 49rem) * 0.125 + 3rem) + 6rem), (min-width: 42rem) calc(((100vw - 27rem) * 0.125 + 0rem) + 6rem), 16px"/><link rel="preload" as="image" imageSrcSet="https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fsystem-two-lab.53cc4534.jpg&w=16&q=75 16w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fsystem-two-lab.53cc4534.jpg&w=32&q=75 32w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fsystem-two-lab.53cc4534.jpg&w=48&q=75 48w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fsystem-two-lab.53cc4534.jpg&w=64&q=75 64w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fsystem-two-lab.53cc4534.jpg&w=96&q=75 96w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fsystem-two-lab.53cc4534.jpg&w=128&q=75 128w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fsystem-two-lab.53cc4534.jpg&w=256&q=75 256w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fsystem-two-lab.53cc4534.jpg&w=384&q=75 384w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fsystem-two-lab.53cc4534.jpg&w=640&q=75 640w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fsystem-two-lab.53cc4534.jpg&w=750&q=75 750w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fsystem-two-lab.53cc4534.jpg&w=828&q=75 828w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fsystem-two-lab.53cc4534.jpg&w=1080&q=75 1080w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fsystem-two-lab.53cc4534.jpg&w=1200&q=75 1200w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fsystem-two-lab.53cc4534.jpg&w=1920&q=75 1920w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fsystem-two-lab.53cc4534.jpg&w=2048&q=75 2048w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fsystem-two-lab.53cc4534.jpg&w=3840&q=75 3840w" imageSizes="(min-width: 99rem) calc((99rem - 50rem) * 0.1875 + 6rem), (min-width: 82rem) calc((100vw - 50rem) * 0.1875 + 6rem), (min-width: 66rem) calc((100vw - 49rem) * 0.3125 + 12rem), (min-width: 42rem) calc(((100vw - 27rem) * 0.375 + 6rem) + 3rem), 16px"/><link rel="preload" as="image" imageSrcSet="https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fsystem-two-model.f222f267.jpg&w=16&q=75 16w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fsystem-two-model.f222f267.jpg&w=32&q=75 32w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fsystem-two-model.f222f267.jpg&w=48&q=75 48w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fsystem-two-model.f222f267.jpg&w=64&q=75 64w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fsystem-two-model.f222f267.jpg&w=96&q=75 96w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fsystem-two-model.f222f267.jpg&w=128&q=75 128w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fsystem-two-model.f222f267.jpg&w=256&q=75 256w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fsystem-two-model.f222f267.jpg&w=384&q=75 384w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fsystem-two-model.f222f267.jpg&w=640&q=75 640w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fsystem-two-model.f222f267.jpg&w=750&q=75 750w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fsystem-two-model.f222f267.jpg&w=828&q=75 828w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fsystem-two-model.f222f267.jpg&w=1080&q=75 1080w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fsystem-two-model.f222f267.jpg&w=1200&q=75 1200w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fsystem-two-model.f222f267.jpg&w=1920&q=75 1920w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fsystem-two-model.f222f267.jpg&w=2048&q=75 2048w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fsystem-two-model.f222f267.jpg&w=3840&q=75 3840w" imageSizes="(min-width: 99rem) calc((99rem - 50rem) * 0.125 + 3rem), (min-width: 82rem) calc((100vw - 50rem) * 0.125 + 3rem), (min-width: 66rem) calc((100vw - 49rem) * 0.125 + 3rem), (min-width: 42rem) 16px, 16px"/><meta name="next-head-count" content="30"/><link rel="preload" href="/_next/static/css/c711de923e14a879.css" as="style"/><link rel="stylesheet" href="/_next/static/css/c711de923e14a879.css" data-n-g=""/><link rel="preload" href="/_next/static/css/931d61cd77522129.css" as="style"/><link rel="stylesheet" href="/_next/static/css/931d61cd77522129.css" data-n-p=""/><noscript data-n-css=""></noscript><script defer="" nomodule="" src="/_next/static/chunks/polyfills-78c92fac7aa8fdd8.js"></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/webpack-6544341ec3d6a473.js" defer=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/framework-a435b9ecada0512e.js" defer=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/main-98fc3729ee188c81.js" defer=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/pages/_app-9954618bc766a209.js" defer=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/1c920f04-fd5ceb4b17804e66.js" defer=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/fc20e1c4-bd5fb1ffb1b90849.js" defer=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/5f6bb6fb-5d9ee9a773b45aaf.js" defer=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/2f37a77d-5537c4133dec15cf.js" defer=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/cfc6b023-1dc913724c89b772.js" defer=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/c2ec1d10-e7d6fefd7d18aebc.js" defer=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/e51a3977-18ed576c50b5555c.js" defer=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/262b3caa-93b0d5e5a698ca5a.js" defer=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/da011f70-c9bf48be68082e54.js" defer=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/42e09a2c-743af63c54dd1a93.js" defer=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/761cb607-b7b11c919f30fe95.js" defer=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/79eb02f1-ce4293526b471551.js" defer=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/8edc3fe5-87ad23b01e1ddc0c.js" defer=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/9834-4d5a72b7844c9fa4.js" defer=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/2131-d9b4cb5317eebcae.js" defer=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/6831-16751a1bb46683d0.js" defer=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/9755-4a5976c8ec7f097e.js" defer=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/2697-5bb43456268b3edb.js" defer=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/5071-4a74e7be77a5d037.js" defer=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/644-46b67ee669c81161.js" defer=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/4897-05f4f4332ae0a1b8.js" defer=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/4891-86646d0aa9745ba6.js" defer=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/6637-13ae0b8f0b581fbc.js" defer=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/pages/index-08fd88f4d9448666.js" defer=""></script><script src="/_next/static/iOcPTflN99LxtqEOvJ5Aj/_buildManifest.js" defer=""></script><script src="/_next/static/iOcPTflN99LxtqEOvJ5Aj/_ssgManifest.js" defer=""></script></head><body><script>0</script><div id="__next"><div class="bx--masthead "><div class="bx--masthead__l0"><header aria-label="IBM" data-autoid="dds--masthead" class="bx--header"><a class="bx--skip-to-content" href="#main-content" tabindex="0">Skip to main content</a><button data-autoid="dds--masthead-eco-sidenav__l0-menu" aria-label="Open menu" class="bx--masthead__platform bx--header__action bx--header__menu-trigger bx--header__menu-toggle bx--header__menu-toggle__hidden" title="Open menu" type="button"><svg focusable="false" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="currentColor" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M2 14.8H18V16H2zM2 11.2H18V12.399999999999999H2zM2 7.6H18V8.799999999999999H2zM2 4H18V5.2H2z"></path></svg></button><div class="bx--side-nav__overlay"></div><nav aria-hidden="true" class="bx--side-nav__navigation bx--side-nav bx--side-nav--ux bx--side-nav--hidden" aria-label="Side navigation"><nav data-autoid="dds--masthead-eco-sidenav__l0"><a data-autoid="dds--masthead-eco-sidenav__l0-productname" href="/" aria-haspopup="true" class="bx--side-nav__submenu bx--side-nav__submenu-platform">Research</a><ul class="bx--side-nav__items"><div class="bx--side-nav__header-navigation"><div><div aria-hidden="false" class="bx--side-nav__menu-section bx--side-nav__menu-section--expanded" id="panel__(-1,-1)"><li class="bx--side-nav__item"><button aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" aria-selected="" class="bx--side-nav__submenu" data-title="focus-areas" type="button"><div class="bx--side-nav__submenu-content"><span class="bx--side-nav__submenu-title" data-autoid="dds--masthead-eco-sidenav__l0-nav0">Focus areas</span><div class="bx--side-nav__icon bx--side-nav__icon--small bx--side-nav__submenu-chevron"><svg focusable="false" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="currentColor" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 32 32" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M16 22L6 12 7.4 10.6 16 19.2 24.6 10.6 26 12z"></path></svg></div></div></button></li><li class="bx--side-nav__menu-item"><a href="/blog" data-autoid="dds--masthead-eco-sidenav__l0-nav1" class="bx--side-nav__link"><span class="bx--side-nav__link-text">Blog</span></a></li><li class="bx--side-nav__menu-item"><a href="/publications" data-autoid="dds--masthead-eco-sidenav__l0-nav2" class="bx--side-nav__link"><span class="bx--side-nav__link-text">Publications</span></a></li><li class="bx--side-nav__menu-item"><a href="https://www.ibm.com/careers/us-en/teams/research/" data-autoid="dds--masthead-eco-sidenav__l0-nav3" class="bx--side-nav__link"><span class="bx--side-nav__link-text">Careers</span></a></li><li class="bx--side-nav__item"><button aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" aria-selected="" class="bx--side-nav__submenu" data-title="about" type="button"><div class="bx--side-nav__submenu-content"><span class="bx--side-nav__submenu-title" data-autoid="dds--masthead-eco-sidenav__l0-nav4">About</span><div class="bx--side-nav__icon bx--side-nav__icon--small bx--side-nav__submenu-chevron"><svg focusable="false" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="currentColor" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 32 32" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M16 22L6 12 7.4 10.6 16 19.2 24.6 10.6 26 12z"></path></svg></div></div></button></li><button class="bx--masthead__focus" aria-hidden="true"></button></div><div aria-hidden="true" class="bx--side-nav__menu-section bx--side-nav__menu-section-submenu" id="panel__(0,-1)"><button class="bx--masthead__focus" aria-hidden="true"></button><li class="bx--side-nav__menu-item bx--masthead__side-nav--submemu-back"><button class="bx--side-nav__link" data-autoid="dds--masthead-eco-sidenav__l0-back" isbackbutton="true"><span class="bx--side-nav__link-text"><svg focusable="false" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="currentColor" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 32 32" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M10 16L20 6 21.4 7.4 12.8 16 21.4 24.6 20 26z"></path></svg>Back</span></button></li><li class="bx--masthead__side-nav--submemu-title">Focus areas</li><li class="bx--side-nav__menu-item"><a href="/semiconductors" data-autoid="dds--masthead-eco-sidenav__l0-nav0-list0" class="bx--side-nav__link"><span class="bx--side-nav__link-text">Semiconductors</span></a></li><li class="bx--side-nav__menu-item"><a href="/artificial-intelligence" data-autoid="dds--masthead-eco-sidenav__l0-nav0-list1" class="bx--side-nav__link"><span class="bx--side-nav__link-text">Artificial Intelligence</span></a></li><li class="bx--side-nav__menu-item"><a href="/quantum-computing" data-autoid="dds--masthead-eco-sidenav__l0-nav0-list2" class="bx--side-nav__link"><span class="bx--side-nav__link-text">Quantum Computing</span></a></li><li class="bx--side-nav__menu-item"><a href="/hybrid-cloud" data-autoid="dds--masthead-eco-sidenav__l0-nav0-list3" class="bx--side-nav__link"><span class="bx--side-nav__link-text">Hybrid Cloud</span></a></li><button class="bx--masthead__focus" aria-hidden="true"></button></div><div aria-hidden="true" class="bx--side-nav__menu-section bx--side-nav__menu-section-submenu" id="panel__(4,-1)"><button class="bx--masthead__focus" aria-hidden="true"></button><li class="bx--side-nav__menu-item bx--masthead__side-nav--submemu-back"><button class="bx--side-nav__link" data-autoid="dds--masthead-eco-sidenav__l0-back" isbackbutton="true"><span class="bx--side-nav__link-text"><svg focusable="false" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="currentColor" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 32 32" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M10 16L20 6 21.4 7.4 12.8 16 21.4 24.6 20 26z"></path></svg>Back</span></button></li><li class="bx--masthead__side-nav--submemu-title">About</li><li class="bx--side-nav__menu-item"><a href="/about" data-autoid="dds--masthead-eco-sidenav__l0-nav4-list0" class="bx--side-nav__link"><span class="bx--side-nav__link-text">Overview</span></a></li><li class="bx--side-nav__menu-item"><a href="/labs" data-autoid="dds--masthead-eco-sidenav__l0-nav4-list1" class="bx--side-nav__link"><span class="bx--side-nav__link-text">Labs</span></a></li><li class="bx--side-nav__menu-item"><a href="/people" data-autoid="dds--masthead-eco-sidenav__l0-nav4-list2" class="bx--side-nav__link"><span class="bx--side-nav__link-text">People</span></a></li><li class="bx--side-nav__menu-item"><a href="/collaborate" data-autoid="dds--masthead-eco-sidenav__l0-nav4-list3" class="bx--side-nav__link"><span class="bx--side-nav__link-text">Collaborate</span></a></li><button class="bx--masthead__focus" aria-hidden="true"></button></div><div aria-hidden="true" class="bx--side-nav__menu-section bx--side-nav__menu-section-submenu" id="panel__(0,0)"><button class="bx--masthead__focus" aria-hidden="true"></button><li class="bx--side-nav__menu-item bx--masthead__side-nav--submemu-back"><button class="bx--side-nav__link" data-autoid="dds--masthead-eco-sidenav__l0-back" isbackbutton="true"><span class="bx--side-nav__link-text"><svg focusable="false" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="currentColor" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 32 32" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M10 16L20 6 21.4 7.4 12.8 16 21.4 24.6 20 26z"></path></svg>Back</span></button></li><li class="bx--side-nav__item"><a href="/semiconductors" class="bx--side-nav__link bx--masthead__side-nav--submemu-section-title"><span class="bx--side-nav__link-text">Semiconductors<div class="bx--masthead__side-nav--submemu-section-title__icon"><svg focusable="false" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="currentColor" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M11.8 2.8L10.8 3.8 16.2 9.3 1 9.3 1 10.7 16.2 10.7 10.8 16.2 11.8 17.2 19 10z"></path></svg></div></span></a></li><button class="bx--masthead__focus" aria-hidden="true"></button></div><div aria-hidden="true" class="bx--side-nav__menu-section bx--side-nav__menu-section-submenu" id="panel__(0,1)"><button class="bx--masthead__focus" aria-hidden="true"></button><li class="bx--side-nav__menu-item bx--masthead__side-nav--submemu-back"><button class="bx--side-nav__link" data-autoid="dds--masthead-eco-sidenav__l0-back" isbackbutton="true"><span class="bx--side-nav__link-text"><svg focusable="false" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="currentColor" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 32 32" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M10 16L20 6 21.4 7.4 12.8 16 21.4 24.6 20 26z"></path></svg>Back</span></button></li><li class="bx--side-nav__item"><a href="/artificial-intelligence" class="bx--side-nav__link bx--masthead__side-nav--submemu-section-title"><span class="bx--side-nav__link-text">Artificial Intelligence<div class="bx--masthead__side-nav--submemu-section-title__icon"><svg focusable="false" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="currentColor" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M11.8 2.8L10.8 3.8 16.2 9.3 1 9.3 1 10.7 16.2 10.7 10.8 16.2 11.8 17.2 19 10z"></path></svg></div></span></a></li><button class="bx--masthead__focus" aria-hidden="true"></button></div><div aria-hidden="true" class="bx--side-nav__menu-section bx--side-nav__menu-section-submenu" id="panel__(0,2)"><button class="bx--masthead__focus" aria-hidden="true"></button><li class="bx--side-nav__menu-item bx--masthead__side-nav--submemu-back"><button class="bx--side-nav__link" data-autoid="dds--masthead-eco-sidenav__l0-back" isbackbutton="true"><span class="bx--side-nav__link-text"><svg focusable="false" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="currentColor" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 32 32" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M10 16L20 6 21.4 7.4 12.8 16 21.4 24.6 20 26z"></path></svg>Back</span></button></li><li class="bx--side-nav__item"><a href="/quantum-computing" class="bx--side-nav__link bx--masthead__side-nav--submemu-section-title"><span class="bx--side-nav__link-text">Quantum Computing<div class="bx--masthead__side-nav--submemu-section-title__icon"><svg focusable="false" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="currentColor" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M11.8 2.8L10.8 3.8 16.2 9.3 1 9.3 1 10.7 16.2 10.7 10.8 16.2 11.8 17.2 19 10z"></path></svg></div></span></a></li><button class="bx--masthead__focus" aria-hidden="true"></button></div><div aria-hidden="true" class="bx--side-nav__menu-section bx--side-nav__menu-section-submenu" id="panel__(0,3)"><button class="bx--masthead__focus" aria-hidden="true"></button><li class="bx--side-nav__menu-item bx--masthead__side-nav--submemu-back"><button class="bx--side-nav__link" data-autoid="dds--masthead-eco-sidenav__l0-back" isbackbutton="true"><span class="bx--side-nav__link-text"><svg focusable="false" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="currentColor" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 32 32" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M10 16L20 6 21.4 7.4 12.8 16 21.4 24.6 20 26z"></path></svg>Back</span></button></li><li class="bx--side-nav__item"><a href="/hybrid-cloud" class="bx--side-nav__link bx--masthead__side-nav--submemu-section-title"><span class="bx--side-nav__link-text">Hybrid Cloud<div class="bx--masthead__side-nav--submemu-section-title__icon"><svg focusable="false" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="currentColor" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M11.8 2.8L10.8 3.8 16.2 9.3 1 9.3 1 10.7 16.2 10.7 10.8 16.2 11.8 17.2 19 10z"></path></svg></div></span></a></li><button class="bx--masthead__focus" aria-hidden="true"></button></div><div aria-hidden="true" class="bx--side-nav__menu-section bx--side-nav__menu-section-submenu" id="panel__(4,0)"><button class="bx--masthead__focus" aria-hidden="true"></button><li class="bx--side-nav__menu-item bx--masthead__side-nav--submemu-back"><button class="bx--side-nav__link" data-autoid="dds--masthead-eco-sidenav__l0-back" isbackbutton="true"><span class="bx--side-nav__link-text"><svg focusable="false" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="currentColor" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 32 32" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M10 16L20 6 21.4 7.4 12.8 16 21.4 24.6 20 26z"></path></svg>Back</span></button></li><li class="bx--side-nav__item"><a href="/about" class="bx--side-nav__link bx--masthead__side-nav--submemu-section-title"><span class="bx--side-nav__link-text">Overview<div class="bx--masthead__side-nav--submemu-section-title__icon"><svg focusable="false" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="currentColor" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M11.8 2.8L10.8 3.8 16.2 9.3 1 9.3 1 10.7 16.2 10.7 10.8 16.2 11.8 17.2 19 10z"></path></svg></div></span></a></li><button class="bx--masthead__focus" aria-hidden="true"></button></div><div aria-hidden="true" class="bx--side-nav__menu-section bx--side-nav__menu-section-submenu" id="panel__(4,1)"><button class="bx--masthead__focus" aria-hidden="true"></button><li class="bx--side-nav__menu-item bx--masthead__side-nav--submemu-back"><button class="bx--side-nav__link" data-autoid="dds--masthead-eco-sidenav__l0-back" isbackbutton="true"><span class="bx--side-nav__link-text"><svg focusable="false" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="currentColor" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 32 32" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M10 16L20 6 21.4 7.4 12.8 16 21.4 24.6 20 26z"></path></svg>Back</span></button></li><li class="bx--side-nav__item"><a href="/labs" class="bx--side-nav__link bx--masthead__side-nav--submemu-section-title"><span class="bx--side-nav__link-text">Labs<div class="bx--masthead__side-nav--submemu-section-title__icon"><svg focusable="false" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="currentColor" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M11.8 2.8L10.8 3.8 16.2 9.3 1 9.3 1 10.7 16.2 10.7 10.8 16.2 11.8 17.2 19 10z"></path></svg></div></span></a></li><button class="bx--masthead__focus" aria-hidden="true"></button></div><div aria-hidden="true" class="bx--side-nav__menu-section bx--side-nav__menu-section-submenu" id="panel__(4,2)"><button class="bx--masthead__focus" aria-hidden="true"></button><li class="bx--side-nav__menu-item bx--masthead__side-nav--submemu-back"><button class="bx--side-nav__link" data-autoid="dds--masthead-eco-sidenav__l0-back" isbackbutton="true"><span class="bx--side-nav__link-text"><svg focusable="false" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="currentColor" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 32 32" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M10 16L20 6 21.4 7.4 12.8 16 21.4 24.6 20 26z"></path></svg>Back</span></button></li><li class="bx--side-nav__item"><a href="/people" class="bx--side-nav__link bx--masthead__side-nav--submemu-section-title"><span class="bx--side-nav__link-text">People<div class="bx--masthead__side-nav--submemu-section-title__icon"><svg focusable="false" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="currentColor" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M11.8 2.8L10.8 3.8 16.2 9.3 1 9.3 1 10.7 16.2 10.7 10.8 16.2 11.8 17.2 19 10z"></path></svg></div></span></a></li><button class="bx--masthead__focus" aria-hidden="true"></button></div><div aria-hidden="true" class="bx--side-nav__menu-section bx--side-nav__menu-section-submenu" id="panel__(4,3)"><button class="bx--masthead__focus" aria-hidden="true"></button><li class="bx--side-nav__menu-item bx--masthead__side-nav--submemu-back"><button class="bx--side-nav__link" data-autoid="dds--masthead-eco-sidenav__l0-back" isbackbutton="true"><span class="bx--side-nav__link-text"><svg focusable="false" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="currentColor" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 32 32" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M10 16L20 6 21.4 7.4 12.8 16 21.4 24.6 20 26z"></path></svg>Back</span></button></li><li class="bx--side-nav__item"><a href="/collaborate" class="bx--side-nav__link bx--masthead__side-nav--submemu-section-title"><span class="bx--side-nav__link-text">Collaborate<div class="bx--masthead__side-nav--submemu-section-title__icon"><svg focusable="false" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="currentColor" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M11.8 2.8L10.8 3.8 16.2 9.3 1 9.3 1 10.7 16.2 10.7 10.8 16.2 11.8 17.2 19 10z"></path></svg></div></span></a></li><button class="bx--masthead__focus" aria-hidden="true"></button></div></div></div></ul></nav></nav><div class="bx--header__logo"><a aria-label="IBM®" data-autoid="dds--masthead-eco__l0-logo" href="https://www.ibm.com"><img src="/_next/static/media/IBM-8bar-logo--h23.8bbea713.svg" alt="IBM logo"/></a></div><div class="bx--header__search bx--masthead__platform"><div class="bx--masthead__platform-name"><a data-autoid="dds--masthead-eco__l0-ecosystemname" class="bx--header__name" href="/">Research</a></div><div class="bx--header__nav-container"><div class="bx--header__nav-content"><div class="bx--sub-content-left"></div><div class="bx--sub-content-right"></div><nav data-autoid="dds--masthead__l0-nav" aria-label="IBM" class="bx--header__nav"><ul aria-label="IBM" class="bx--header__menu-bar"><li class="bx--header__submenu" data-autoid="dds--masthead-eco__l0-nav0"><a aria-haspopup="menu" aria-expanded="false" class="bx--header__menu-item bx--header__menu-title" data-title="focus-areas" href="#" role="menuitem" tabindex="0" aria-selected="false" aria-label="Focus areas">Focus areas<svg focusable="false" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="currentColor" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 32 32" aria-hidden="true" class="bx--header__menu-arrow"><path d="M16 22L6 12 7.4 10.6 16 19.2 24.6 10.6 26 12z"></path></svg></a><ul aria-label="Focus areas" class="bx--header__menu"><li><a data-autoid="dds--masthead-eco__l0-nav0--subnav-col0-item0" class="bx--header__menu-item" tabindex="0" href="/semiconductors"><span class="bx--text-truncate--end">Semiconductors</span></a></li><li><a data-autoid="dds--masthead-eco__l0-nav0--subnav-col0-item1" class="bx--header__menu-item" tabindex="0" href="/artificial-intelligence"><span class="bx--text-truncate--end">Artificial Intelligence</span></a></li><li><a data-autoid="dds--masthead-eco__l0-nav0--subnav-col0-item2" class="bx--header__menu-item" tabindex="0" href="/quantum-computing"><span class="bx--text-truncate--end">Quantum Computing</span></a></li><li><a data-autoid="dds--masthead-eco__l0-nav0--subnav-col0-item3" class="bx--header__menu-item" tabindex="0" href="/hybrid-cloud"><span class="bx--text-truncate--end">Hybrid Cloud</span></a></li></ul></li><li><a aria-selected="false" data-autoid="dds--masthead-eco__l0-nav1" class="bx--header__menu-item" tabindex="0" href="/blog"><span class="bx--text-truncate--end">Blog</span></a></li><li><a aria-selected="false" data-autoid="dds--masthead-eco__l0-nav2" class="bx--header__menu-item" tabindex="0" href="/publications"><span class="bx--text-truncate--end">Publications</span></a></li><li><a aria-selected="false" data-autoid="dds--masthead-eco__l0-nav3" class="bx--header__menu-item" tabindex="0" href="https://www.ibm.com/careers/us-en/teams/research/"><span class="bx--text-truncate--end">Careers</span></a></li><li class="bx--header__submenu" data-autoid="dds--masthead-eco__l0-nav4"><a aria-haspopup="menu" aria-expanded="false" class="bx--header__menu-item bx--header__menu-title" data-title="about" href="#" role="menuitem" tabindex="0" aria-selected="false" aria-label="About">About<svg focusable="false" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="currentColor" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 32 32" aria-hidden="true" class="bx--header__menu-arrow"><path d="M16 22L6 12 7.4 10.6 16 19.2 24.6 10.6 26 12z"></path></svg></a><ul aria-label="About" class="bx--header__menu"><li><a data-autoid="dds--masthead-eco__l0-nav4--subnav-col0-item0" class="bx--header__menu-item" tabindex="0" href="/about"><span class="bx--text-truncate--end">Overview</span></a></li><li><a data-autoid="dds--masthead-eco__l0-nav4--subnav-col0-item1" class="bx--header__menu-item" tabindex="0" href="/labs"><span class="bx--text-truncate--end">Labs</span></a></li><li><a data-autoid="dds--masthead-eco__l0-nav4--subnav-col0-item2" class="bx--header__menu-item" tabindex="0" href="/people"><span class="bx--text-truncate--end">People</span></a></li><li><a data-autoid="dds--masthead-eco__l0-nav4--subnav-col0-item3" class="bx--header__menu-item" tabindex="0" href="/collaborate"><span class="bx--text-truncate--end">Collaborate</span></a></li></ul></li></ul></nav></div><div class="bx--header__nav-caret-left-container" hidden=""><button class="bx--header__nav-caret-left" aria-label="Masthead left caret" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"><svg focusable="false" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="currentColor" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 32 32" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M20 24L10 16 20 8z"></path></svg></button><div class="bx--header__nav-caret-left-gradient"></div></div><div class="bx--header__nav-caret-right-container" hidden=""><div class="bx--header__nav-caret-right-gradient"></div><button class="bx--header__nav-caret-right" aria-label="Masthead right caret" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"><svg focusable="false" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="currentColor" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 32 32" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M12 8L22 16 12 24z"></path></svg></button></div></div><div class="bx--masthead__overlay"></div><div data-autoid="dds--masthead__search" class="bx--masthead__search"><div class="bx--header__search--actions"><button data-autoid="dds--masthead-eco__l0-search" aria-label="Open IBM search field" tabindex="0" class="bx--header__search--search bx--header__action bx--btn bx--btn--primary bx--btn--icon-only bx--tooltip__trigger bx--tooltip--a11y bx--btn--icon-only--bottom bx--tooltip--align-center" type="button"><div class="bx--assistive-text">Open IBM search field</div><svg focusable="false" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="currentColor" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 32 32" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M29,27.5859l-7.5521-7.5521a11.0177,11.0177,0,1,0-1.4141,1.4141L27.5859,29ZM4,13a9,9,0,1,1,9,9A9.01,9.01,0,0,1,4,13Z"></path></svg></button><button data-autoid="dds--masthead-eco__l0-search--close" aria-label="Close" tabindex="0" class="bx--header__search--close bx--header__action bx--btn bx--btn--primary bx--btn--icon-only bx--tooltip__trigger bx--tooltip--a11y bx--btn--icon-only--bottom bx--tooltip--align-center" type="button"><div class="bx--assistive-text">Close</div><svg focusable="false" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="currentColor" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 32 32" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M24 9.4L22.6 8 16 14.6 9.4 8 8 9.4 14.6 16 8 22.6 9.4 24 16 17.4 22.6 24 24 22.6 17.4 16 24 9.4z"></path></svg></button></div></div></div><div class="bx--header__global bx--header__profile"><button class="bx--header__action bx--overflow-menu" data-autoid="dds--masthead-eco__l0-account" style="width:3rem" type="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="User Profile"><svg focusable="false" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="currentColor" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 32 32" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M16 4a5 5 0 11-5 5 5 5 0 015-5m0-2a7 7 0 107 7A7 7 0 0016 2zM26 30H24V25a5 5 0 00-5-5H13a5 5 0 00-5 5v5H6V25a7 7 0 017-7h6a7 7 0 017 7z"></path></svg></button></div></header></div></div><main id="main-content" class="TVcX0"><div class="YODhr"><div class="Tbc_H"><div class="tdyv4"><h1 class="xNVdf">A lab for the future of computing</h1><h2 class="_70FNx tp_Lt">Welcome</h2><div class="q1xai"><p class="_9LgwG">In a lab in Yorktown sits the most advanced quantum computer in the world, and a cluster of revolutionary prototype AI chips. It’s where we’re inventing what’s next.</p><div class="ZF_LR"><a class="v5sC5" href="/blog/think-lab-ibm-research-yorktown">Learn more<span class="YGDTJ"> <svg focusable="false" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="currentColor" width="32" height="32" viewBox="0 0 32 32" aria-hidden="true" class="Z343E"><path d="M18 6L16.57 7.393 24.15 15 4 15 4 17 24.15 17 16.57 24.573 18 26 28 16 18 6z"></path></svg></span></a></div></div><div class="c6Tmx"><span style="box-sizing:border-box;display:block;overflow:hidden;width:initial;height:initial;background:none;opacity:1;border:0;margin:0;padding:0;position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0"><img alt="IBM Research Think Lab" sizes="(min-width: 99rem) calc((99rem - 50rem) * 0.4375 + 18rem), (min-width: 82rem) calc((100vw - 50rem) * 0.4375 + 18rem), (min-width: 66rem) calc((100vw - 49rem) * 0.4375 + 18rem), (min-width: 42rem) calc(((100vw - 27rem) * 0.5 + 9rem) + 3rem), 100vw" srcSet="https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fthink-lab.65870941.jpg&w=640&q=75 640w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fthink-lab.65870941.jpg&w=750&q=75 750w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fthink-lab.65870941.jpg&w=828&q=75 828w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fthink-lab.65870941.jpg&w=1080&q=75 1080w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fthink-lab.65870941.jpg&w=1200&q=75 1200w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fthink-lab.65870941.jpg&w=1920&q=75 1920w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fthink-lab.65870941.jpg&w=2048&q=75 2048w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fthink-lab.65870941.jpg&w=3840&q=75 3840w" src="https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fthink-lab.65870941.jpg&w=3840&q=75" decoding="async" data-nimg="fill" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0;border:none;margin:auto;display:block;width:0;height:0;min-width:100%;max-width:100%;min-height:100%;max-height:100%;object-fit:cover"/></span></div><div class="QuPHD"><span style="box-sizing:border-box;display:block;overflow:hidden;width:initial;height:initial;background:none;opacity:1;border:0;margin:0;padding:0;position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0"><img alt="IBM Research wafer album" sizes="(min-width: 99rem) calc(((99rem - 50rem) * 0.125 + 3rem) + 6rem), (min-width: 82rem) calc(((100vw - 50rem) * 0.125 + 3rem) + 6rem), (min-width: 66rem) calc(((100vw - 49rem) * 0.125 + 3rem) + 6rem), (min-width: 42rem) calc(((100vw - 27rem) * 0.125 + 0rem) + 6rem), 16px" srcSet="https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fwafer-album.4c12313b.jpg&w=16&q=75 16w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fwafer-album.4c12313b.jpg&w=32&q=75 32w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fwafer-album.4c12313b.jpg&w=48&q=75 48w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fwafer-album.4c12313b.jpg&w=64&q=75 64w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fwafer-album.4c12313b.jpg&w=96&q=75 96w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fwafer-album.4c12313b.jpg&w=128&q=75 128w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fwafer-album.4c12313b.jpg&w=256&q=75 256w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fwafer-album.4c12313b.jpg&w=384&q=75 384w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fwafer-album.4c12313b.jpg&w=640&q=75 640w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fwafer-album.4c12313b.jpg&w=750&q=75 750w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fwafer-album.4c12313b.jpg&w=828&q=75 828w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fwafer-album.4c12313b.jpg&w=1080&q=75 1080w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fwafer-album.4c12313b.jpg&w=1200&q=75 1200w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fwafer-album.4c12313b.jpg&w=1920&q=75 1920w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fwafer-album.4c12313b.jpg&w=2048&q=75 2048w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fwafer-album.4c12313b.jpg&w=3840&q=75 3840w" src="https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fwafer-album.4c12313b.jpg&w=3840&q=75" decoding="async" data-nimg="fill" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0;border:none;margin:auto;display:block;width:0;height:0;min-width:100%;max-width:100%;min-height:100%;max-height:100%;object-fit:cover"/></span></div><div class="_7tJj0"><span style="box-sizing:border-box;display:block;overflow:hidden;width:initial;height:initial;background:none;opacity:1;border:0;margin:0;padding:0;position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0"><img alt="IBM Quantum System Two lab" sizes="(min-width: 99rem) calc((99rem - 50rem) * 0.1875 + 6rem), (min-width: 82rem) calc((100vw - 50rem) * 0.1875 + 6rem), (min-width: 66rem) calc((100vw - 49rem) * 0.3125 + 12rem), (min-width: 42rem) calc(((100vw - 27rem) * 0.375 + 6rem) + 3rem), 16px" srcSet="https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fsystem-two-lab.53cc4534.jpg&w=16&q=75 16w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fsystem-two-lab.53cc4534.jpg&w=32&q=75 32w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fsystem-two-lab.53cc4534.jpg&w=48&q=75 48w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fsystem-two-lab.53cc4534.jpg&w=64&q=75 64w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fsystem-two-lab.53cc4534.jpg&w=96&q=75 96w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fsystem-two-lab.53cc4534.jpg&w=128&q=75 128w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fsystem-two-lab.53cc4534.jpg&w=256&q=75 256w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fsystem-two-lab.53cc4534.jpg&w=384&q=75 384w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fsystem-two-lab.53cc4534.jpg&w=640&q=75 640w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fsystem-two-lab.53cc4534.jpg&w=750&q=75 750w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fsystem-two-lab.53cc4534.jpg&w=828&q=75 828w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fsystem-two-lab.53cc4534.jpg&w=1080&q=75 1080w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fsystem-two-lab.53cc4534.jpg&w=1200&q=75 1200w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fsystem-two-lab.53cc4534.jpg&w=1920&q=75 1920w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fsystem-two-lab.53cc4534.jpg&w=2048&q=75 2048w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fsystem-two-lab.53cc4534.jpg&w=3840&q=75 3840w" src="https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fsystem-two-lab.53cc4534.jpg&w=3840&q=75" decoding="async" data-nimg="fill" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0;border:none;margin:auto;display:block;width:0;height:0;min-width:100%;max-width:100%;min-height:100%;max-height:100%;object-fit:cover"/></span></div><div class="MpwU5"><span style="box-sizing:border-box;display:block;overflow:hidden;width:initial;height:initial;background:none;opacity:1;border:0;margin:0;padding:0;position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0"><img alt="IBM Quantum System Two model" sizes="(min-width: 99rem) calc((99rem - 50rem) * 0.125 + 3rem), (min-width: 82rem) calc((100vw - 50rem) * 0.125 + 3rem), (min-width: 66rem) calc((100vw - 49rem) * 0.125 + 3rem), (min-width: 42rem) 16px, 16px" srcSet="https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fsystem-two-model.f222f267.jpg&w=16&q=75 16w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fsystem-two-model.f222f267.jpg&w=32&q=75 32w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fsystem-two-model.f222f267.jpg&w=48&q=75 48w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fsystem-two-model.f222f267.jpg&w=64&q=75 64w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fsystem-two-model.f222f267.jpg&w=96&q=75 96w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fsystem-two-model.f222f267.jpg&w=128&q=75 128w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fsystem-two-model.f222f267.jpg&w=256&q=75 256w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fsystem-two-model.f222f267.jpg&w=384&q=75 384w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fsystem-two-model.f222f267.jpg&w=640&q=75 640w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fsystem-two-model.f222f267.jpg&w=750&q=75 750w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fsystem-two-model.f222f267.jpg&w=828&q=75 828w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fsystem-two-model.f222f267.jpg&w=1080&q=75 1080w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fsystem-two-model.f222f267.jpg&w=1200&q=75 1200w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fsystem-two-model.f222f267.jpg&w=1920&q=75 1920w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fsystem-two-model.f222f267.jpg&w=2048&q=75 2048w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fsystem-two-model.f222f267.jpg&w=3840&q=75 3840w" src="https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=%2F_next%2Fstatic%2Fmedia%2Fsystem-two-model.f222f267.jpg&w=3840&q=75" decoding="async" data-nimg="fill" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0;border:none;margin:auto;display:block;width:0;height:0;min-width:100%;max-width:100%;min-height:100%;max-height:100%;object-fit:cover"/></span></div></div></div><section class="qWrn4"><a class="xHBSN" name="news" style="--top:0px;--top-offset:0rem"></a><h2 class="tp_Lt">Recent news</h2><ul class="yWWSe YNPAq"><li class="u32ci"><article class="_5y1aV px54D dQjMV"><h3 class="aIhdd"><a class="QEnIV" href="/blog/the-short-nov-26"><span class="yYIUz">Accelerating discoveries with new AI tools, powerful chips — and turkey</span><svg focusable="false" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="currentColor" width="32" height="32" viewBox="0 0 32 32" aria-hidden="true" class="Hubs8"><path d="M18 6L16.57 7.393 24.15 15 4 15 4 17 24.15 17 16.57 24.573 18 26 28 16 18 6z"></path></svg></a></h3><div class="_1wKk7"><span style="box-sizing:border-box;display:block;overflow:hidden;width:initial;height:initial;background:none;opacity:1;border:0;margin:0;padding:0;position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0"><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7" decoding="async" data-nimg="fill" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0;border:none;margin:auto;display:block;width:0;height:0;min-width:100%;max-width:100%;min-height:100%;max-height:100%;object-fit:cover"/><noscript><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" data-nimg="fill" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0;border:none;margin:auto;display:block;width:0;height:0;min-width:100%;max-width:100%;min-height:100%;max-height:100%;object-fit:cover" sizes="(min-width: 99rem) calc((99rem - 50rem) * 0.25 + 9rem), (min-width: 82rem) calc((100vw - 50rem) * 0.25 + 9rem), (min-width: 66rem) calc((100vw - 49rem) * 0.5 + 21rem), (min-width: 42rem) calc((100vw - 27rem) * 0.5 + 9rem), calc((100vw - 5rem) * 1 + 3rem)" srcSet="https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2Fthe_short_nov_25_3_49751cd708.jpg&w=16&q=75 16w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2Fthe_short_nov_25_3_49751cd708.jpg&w=32&q=75 32w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2Fthe_short_nov_25_3_49751cd708.jpg&w=48&q=75 48w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2Fthe_short_nov_25_3_49751cd708.jpg&w=64&q=75 64w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2Fthe_short_nov_25_3_49751cd708.jpg&w=96&q=75 96w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2Fthe_short_nov_25_3_49751cd708.jpg&w=128&q=75 128w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2Fthe_short_nov_25_3_49751cd708.jpg&w=256&q=75 256w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2Fthe_short_nov_25_3_49751cd708.jpg&w=384&q=75 384w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2Fthe_short_nov_25_3_49751cd708.jpg&w=640&q=75 640w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2Fthe_short_nov_25_3_49751cd708.jpg&w=750&q=75 750w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2Fthe_short_nov_25_3_49751cd708.jpg&w=828&q=75 828w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2Fthe_short_nov_25_3_49751cd708.jpg&w=1080&q=75 1080w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2Fthe_short_nov_25_3_49751cd708.jpg&w=1200&q=75 1200w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2Fthe_short_nov_25_3_49751cd708.jpg&w=1920&q=75 1920w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2Fthe_short_nov_25_3_49751cd708.jpg&w=2048&q=75 2048w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2Fthe_short_nov_25_3_49751cd708.jpg&w=3840&q=75 3840w" src="https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2Fthe_short_nov_25_3_49751cd708.jpg&w=3840&q=75"/></noscript></span></div><div class="_5Cpod _6qhNt"><svg focusable="false" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="currentColor" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 32 32" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M12,21H4V4H22v8h2V4a2,2,0,0,0-2-2H4A2,2,0,0,0,2,4V21a2,2,0,0,0,2,2h8Z"></path><path d="M30,28.58l-3.11-3.11a6,6,0,1,0-1.42,1.42L28.58,30ZM22,26a4,4,0,1,1,4-4A4,4,0,0,1,22,26Z"></path></svg>Explainer</div><div class="fmKT7"><div class=""><div class="hr37V">Mike Murphy, Peter Hess, and Kim Martineau</div><div><time dateTime="2024-11-26T13:00:00.000Z">26 Nov 2024</time></div></div></div><ul class="XBsQU tIdYx H_THJ pFSjT _2bQNq sOAT8" style="--gap-sm:0.5rem;--gap-md:0.5rem;--gap-lg:0.5rem;--gap-xlg:0.5rem;--gap-max:0.5rem"><li class="iHbnT vRTEX l8Im1 er023 EOn_C MtRtY"><a class="bx--tag ZvHdV sCEvD _7_FxK _9ckLP bx--tag--green bx--tag--interactive" id="post-3925--tag-5" href="/artificial-intelligence"><span title="AI">AI</span></a></li><li class="iHbnT vRTEX l8Im1 er023 EOn_C MtRtY"><a class="bx--tag ZvHdV sCEvD _7_FxK _9ckLP bx--tag--green bx--tag--interactive" id="post-3925--tag-8" href="/topics/ai-hardware"><span title="AI Hardware">AI Hardware</span></a></li><li class="iHbnT vRTEX l8Im1 er023 EOn_C MtRtY"><a class="bx--tag ZvHdV sCEvD _7_FxK _9ckLP bx--tag--green bx--tag--interactive" id="post-3925--tag-36" href="/topics/exploratory-science"><span title="Exploratory Science">Exploratory Science</span></a></li></ul></article></li><li class="u32ci"><article class="_5y1aV px54D dQjMV"><h3 class="aIhdd"><a class="QEnIV" href="/blog/supercomputing-24"><span class="yYIUz">Demonstrating a true realization of quantum-centric supercomputing</span><svg focusable="false" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="currentColor" width="32" height="32" viewBox="0 0 32 32" aria-hidden="true" class="Hubs8"><path d="M18 6L16.57 7.393 24.15 15 4 15 4 17 24.15 17 16.57 24.573 18 26 28 16 18 6z"></path></svg></a></h3><div class="_1wKk7"><span style="box-sizing:border-box;display:block;overflow:hidden;width:initial;height:initial;background:none;opacity:1;border:0;margin:0;padding:0;position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0"><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7" decoding="async" data-nimg="fill" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0;border:none;margin:auto;display:block;width:0;height:0;min-width:100%;max-width:100%;min-height:100%;max-height:100%;object-fit:cover"/><noscript><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" data-nimg="fill" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0;border:none;margin:auto;display:block;width:0;height:0;min-width:100%;max-width:100%;min-height:100%;max-height:100%;object-fit:cover" sizes="(min-width: 99rem) calc((99rem - 50rem) * 0.25 + 9rem), (min-width: 82rem) calc((100vw - 50rem) * 0.25 + 9rem), (min-width: 66rem) calc((100vw - 49rem) * 0.5 + 21rem), (min-width: 42rem) calc((100vw - 27rem) * 0.5 + 9rem), calc((100vw - 5rem) * 1 + 3rem)" srcSet="https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2FBlog_Supercomputing_2024_11_19_v01_fb8bfa9d72.png&w=16&q=85 16w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2FBlog_Supercomputing_2024_11_19_v01_fb8bfa9d72.png&w=32&q=85 32w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2FBlog_Supercomputing_2024_11_19_v01_fb8bfa9d72.png&w=48&q=85 48w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2FBlog_Supercomputing_2024_11_19_v01_fb8bfa9d72.png&w=64&q=85 64w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2FBlog_Supercomputing_2024_11_19_v01_fb8bfa9d72.png&w=96&q=85 96w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2FBlog_Supercomputing_2024_11_19_v01_fb8bfa9d72.png&w=128&q=85 128w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2FBlog_Supercomputing_2024_11_19_v01_fb8bfa9d72.png&w=256&q=85 256w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2FBlog_Supercomputing_2024_11_19_v01_fb8bfa9d72.png&w=384&q=85 384w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2FBlog_Supercomputing_2024_11_19_v01_fb8bfa9d72.png&w=640&q=85 640w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2FBlog_Supercomputing_2024_11_19_v01_fb8bfa9d72.png&w=750&q=85 750w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2FBlog_Supercomputing_2024_11_19_v01_fb8bfa9d72.png&w=828&q=85 828w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2FBlog_Supercomputing_2024_11_19_v01_fb8bfa9d72.png&w=1080&q=85 1080w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2FBlog_Supercomputing_2024_11_19_v01_fb8bfa9d72.png&w=1200&q=85 1200w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2FBlog_Supercomputing_2024_11_19_v01_fb8bfa9d72.png&w=1920&q=85 1920w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2FBlog_Supercomputing_2024_11_19_v01_fb8bfa9d72.png&w=2048&q=85 2048w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2FBlog_Supercomputing_2024_11_19_v01_fb8bfa9d72.png&w=3840&q=85 3840w" src="https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2FBlog_Supercomputing_2024_11_19_v01_fb8bfa9d72.png&w=3840&q=85"/></noscript></span></div><div class="_5Cpod _6qhNt"><svg focusable="false" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="currentColor" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 32 32" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M12,21H4V4H22v8h2V4a2,2,0,0,0-2-2H4A2,2,0,0,0,2,4V21a2,2,0,0,0,2,2h8Z"></path><path d="M30,28.58l-3.11-3.11a6,6,0,1,0-1.42,1.42L28.58,30ZM22,26a4,4,0,1,1,4-4A4,4,0,0,1,22,26Z"></path></svg>Explainer</div><div class="fmKT7"><div class=""><div class="hr37V">Ryan Mandelbaum and Iskandar Sitdikov</div><div><time dateTime="2024-11-20T19:15:00.000Z">20 Nov 2024</time></div></div></div><ul class="XBsQU tIdYx H_THJ pFSjT _2bQNq sOAT8" style="--gap-sm:0.5rem;--gap-md:0.5rem;--gap-lg:0.5rem;--gap-xlg:0.5rem;--gap-max:0.5rem"><li class="iHbnT vRTEX l8Im1 er023 EOn_C MtRtY"><a class="bx--tag ZvHdV sCEvD _7_FxK _9ckLP bx--tag--green bx--tag--interactive" id="post-3924--tag-42" href="/topics/quantum-information-science"><span title="Quantum Research">Quantum Research</span></a></li><li class="iHbnT vRTEX l8Im1 er023 EOn_C MtRtY"><a class="bx--tag ZvHdV sCEvD _7_FxK _9ckLP bx--tag--green bx--tag--interactive" id="post-3924--tag-41" href="/topics/quantum-hardware"><span title="Quantum Systems">Quantum Systems</span></a></li><li class="iHbnT vRTEX l8Im1 er023 EOn_C MtRtY"><a class="bx--tag ZvHdV sCEvD _7_FxK _9ckLP bx--tag--green bx--tag--interactive" id="post-3924--tag-133" href="/topics/quantum-chemistry"><span title="Quantum Use Cases">Quantum Use Cases</span></a></li></ul></article></li><li class="u32ci"><article class="_5y1aV px54D dQjMV"><h3 class="aIhdd"><a class="QEnIV" href="/blog/patcid-tool-for-accelerating-materials-discovery"><span class="yYIUz">A new tool for accelerating the discovery of new materials</span><svg focusable="false" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="currentColor" width="32" height="32" viewBox="0 0 32 32" aria-hidden="true" class="Hubs8"><path d="M18 6L16.57 7.393 24.15 15 4 15 4 17 24.15 17 16.57 24.573 18 26 28 16 18 6z"></path></svg></a></h3><div class="_1wKk7"><span style="box-sizing:border-box;display:block;overflow:hidden;width:initial;height:initial;background:none;opacity:1;border:0;margin:0;padding:0;position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0"><img alt="On the left is an unlabeled molecular structure diagram. On the right is a stack of three patent documents, and the top one has several molecular structures, including the one shown on the left. That one is highlighted in green." src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7" decoding="async" data-nimg="fill" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0;border:none;margin:auto;display:block;width:0;height:0;min-width:100%;max-width:100%;min-height:100%;max-height:100%;object-fit:cover"/><noscript><img alt="On the left is an unlabeled molecular structure diagram. On the right is a stack of three patent documents, and the top one has several molecular structures, including the one shown on the left. That one is highlighted in green." loading="lazy" decoding="async" data-nimg="fill" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0;border:none;margin:auto;display:block;width:0;height:0;min-width:100%;max-width:100%;min-height:100%;max-height:100%;object-fit:cover" sizes="(min-width: 99rem) calc((99rem - 50rem) * 0.25 + 9rem), (min-width: 82rem) calc((100vw - 50rem) * 0.25 + 9rem), (min-width: 66rem) calc((100vw - 49rem) * 0.5 + 21rem), (min-width: 42rem) calc((100vw - 27rem) * 0.5 + 9rem), calc((100vw - 5rem) * 1 + 3rem)" srcSet="https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2FAutomated_materials_discovery_f_55d81a2877.png&w=16&q=85 16w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2FAutomated_materials_discovery_f_55d81a2877.png&w=32&q=85 32w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2FAutomated_materials_discovery_f_55d81a2877.png&w=48&q=85 48w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2FAutomated_materials_discovery_f_55d81a2877.png&w=64&q=85 64w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2FAutomated_materials_discovery_f_55d81a2877.png&w=96&q=85 96w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2FAutomated_materials_discovery_f_55d81a2877.png&w=128&q=85 128w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2FAutomated_materials_discovery_f_55d81a2877.png&w=256&q=85 256w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2FAutomated_materials_discovery_f_55d81a2877.png&w=384&q=85 384w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2FAutomated_materials_discovery_f_55d81a2877.png&w=640&q=85 640w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2FAutomated_materials_discovery_f_55d81a2877.png&w=750&q=85 750w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2FAutomated_materials_discovery_f_55d81a2877.png&w=828&q=85 828w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2FAutomated_materials_discovery_f_55d81a2877.png&w=1080&q=85 1080w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2FAutomated_materials_discovery_f_55d81a2877.png&w=1200&q=85 1200w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2FAutomated_materials_discovery_f_55d81a2877.png&w=1920&q=85 1920w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2FAutomated_materials_discovery_f_55d81a2877.png&w=2048&q=85 2048w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2FAutomated_materials_discovery_f_55d81a2877.png&w=3840&q=85 3840w" src="https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2FAutomated_materials_discovery_f_55d81a2877.png&w=3840&q=85"/></noscript></span></div><div class="_5Cpod _6qhNt"><svg focusable="false" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="currentColor" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 32 32" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M22 24H18V22h4V18h2v4A2.0021 2.0021 0 0122 24zM10 14H8V10a2.0022 2.0022 0 012-2h4v2H10z"></path><path d="M28,8H24V4a2.0023,2.0023,0,0,0-2-2H4A2.0023,2.0023,0,0,0,2,4V22a2.0023,2.0023,0,0,0,2,2H8v4a2.0023,2.0023,0,0,0,2,2H28a2.0023,2.0023,0,0,0,2-2V10A2.0023,2.0023,0,0,0,28,8Zm0,20H10V24h4V22H10V18H8v4H4V4H22V8H18v2h4v4h2V10h4Z"></path></svg>Research</div><div class="fmKT7"><div class=""><div class="hr37V">Peter Hess</div><div><time dateTime="2024-11-20T12:30:00.000Z">20 Nov 2024</time></div></div></div><ul class="XBsQU tIdYx H_THJ pFSjT _2bQNq sOAT8" style="--gap-sm:0.5rem;--gap-md:0.5rem;--gap-lg:0.5rem;--gap-xlg:0.5rem;--gap-max:0.5rem"><li class="iHbnT vRTEX l8Im1 er023 EOn_C MtRtY"><a class="bx--tag ZvHdV sCEvD _7_FxK _9ckLP bx--tag--green bx--tag--interactive" id="post-3921--tag-90" href="/topics/accelerated-discovery"><span title="Accelerated Discovery">Accelerated Discovery</span></a></li><li class="iHbnT vRTEX l8Im1 er023 EOn_C MtRtY"><a class="bx--tag ZvHdV sCEvD _7_FxK _9ckLP bx--tag--green bx--tag--interactive" id="post-3921--tag-5" href="/artificial-intelligence"><span title="AI">AI</span></a></li><li class="iHbnT vRTEX l8Im1 er023 EOn_C MtRtY"><a class="bx--tag ZvHdV sCEvD _7_FxK _9ckLP bx--tag--green bx--tag--interactive" id="post-3921--tag-78" href="/topics/materials-discovery"><span title="Materials Discovery">Materials Discovery</span></a></li><li class="iHbnT vRTEX l8Im1 er023 EOn_C MtRtY"><a class="bx--tag ZvHdV sCEvD _7_FxK _9ckLP bx--tag--green bx--tag--interactive" id="post-3921--tag-6" href="/topics/science"><span title="Science">Science</span></a></li></ul></article></li><li class="u32ci"><article class="YhIX9 ccDnQ w_hZV"><h3 class="_6xNzv"><a href="https://research.ibm.com/haifa/ponderthis/challenge.shtml">Ponder This:<br/>November<!-- --> Challenge</a></h3><div class="_9rtzk"><div><svg version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" x="0px" y="0px" width="336px" height="336px" viewBox="0 0 336 336" xml:space="preserve" class="sCvf3"><g class="V7Q_n CfOZG X2dq3 qAwEa"><g class="_9D4yQ"><path d="M293,266.9c-15.5,0-28,12.5-28,28s12.5,28,28,28s28-12.5,28-28S308.4,266.9,293,266.9z M293,318.9 c-13.3,0-24-10.7-24-24s10.7-24,24-24s24,10.7,24,24S306.2,318.9,293,318.9z"></path><circle cx="302" cy="289.9" r="5"></circle><rect x="277" y="288.9" width="12" height="4"></rect><path d="M286.8,305.2c-1.7-1-3.1-2.4-4.1-4.1l-3.4,2c2.9,4.8,8.1,7.8,13.7,7.8c5.6,0,10.8-3,13.7-7.8l-3.4-2 C299.8,306.8,292.5,308.6,286.8,305.2z"></path></g></g><g class="V7Q_n CfOZG UuuBz qAwEa"><rect x="168.1" y="251.9" class="bFB2S" width="83.9" height="83.5"></rect><g class="_9D4yQ"><path d="M186.6,272.8h5.5v15.6h0.3c1.5-3.1,4-5,7.8-5c6.1,0,10,4.7,10,13.5s-3.9,13.5-10,13.5c-3.8,0-6.3-1.9-7.8-5 h-0.3v4.4h-5.5V272.8z M204.4,299.1v-4.2c0-4.2-2.4-7-6.5-7c-3.2,0-5.9,1.6-5.9,4.8v8.6c0,3.2,2.7,4.8,5.9,4.8 C202.1,306.1,204.4,303.3,204.4,299.1z"></path><path d="M231.4,293.4h-14v-3.5l6.1-4.8c2.2-1.7,3.2-2.9,3.2-4.6v-0.2c0-1.6-1.2-2.4-2.8-2.4c-2,0-2.9,1.2-3.4,2.7 l-3.5-1.3c0.9-2.5,3.1-4.7,7.2-4.7c4.3,0,6.7,2.3,6.7,5.6c0,3.1-2.3,5.2-5.2,7.2l-4.1,2.9h9.7V293.4z"></path></g></g><g class="V7Q_n CfOZG xIjf7 qAwEa"><rect x="84.1" y="251.9" class="bFB2S" width="83.9" height="83.5"></rect><path class="_9D4yQ" d="M119.7,295.4v-1.5c0-3.3,1.8-5.8,6.8-5.8c5,0,6.8,2.5,6.8,5.8v1.5c0,3.3-1.8,5.8-6.8,5.8 C121.5,301.2,119.7,298.7,119.7,295.4z"></path></g><g class="V7Q_n CfOZG _54RUD qAwEa"><rect x="0.5" y="251.9" class="bFB2S" width="83.5" height="83.7"></rect><path class="_9D4yQ" d="M32.2,297.2V292l21.6-12.1v5.3l-16.6,9.2v0.4l16.6,9.1v5.4L32.2,297.2z"></path></g><g class="V7Q_n gpoJQ X2dq3 qAwEa"><rect x="251.6" y="168.4" class="bFB2S" width="83.9" height="83.5"></rect><g class="_9D4yQ"><path d="M289.3,225.3c-3.1,0-4.7-1.8-5-4.4h-0.3c-1,3.1-3.7,5-7.8,5c-5.3,0-8.7-3-8.7-7.8c0-5,3.7-7.7,11.3-7.7h5v-2 c0-3.5-1.9-5.3-5.6-5.3c-3.3,0-5.3,1.4-6.7,3.6l-3.3-2.7c1.5-2.8,5-5.2,10.4-5.2c6.5,0,10.5,3.3,10.5,9.2v13h3.3v4.3H289.3z M284,217.6v-3.8h-4.9c-4,0-5.9,1.3-5.9,3.6v1c0,2.3,1.8,3.5,4.7,3.5C281.4,221.9,284,220.2,284,217.6z"></path><path d="M313.4,208.9h-14v-3.5l6.1-4.8c2.2-1.7,3.2-2.9,3.2-4.6v-0.2c0-1.6-1.2-2.4-2.8-2.4c-2,0-2.9,1.2-3.4,2.7 l-3.5-1.3c0.9-2.5,3.1-4.7,7.2-4.7c4.3,0,6.7,2.3,6.7,5.6c0,3.1-2.3,5.2-5.2,7.2l-4.1,2.9h9.7V208.9z"></path></g></g><g class="V7Q_n gpoJQ UuuBz qAwEa"><rect x="168.1" y="168.4" class="bFB2S" width="83.9" height="83.5"></rect><path class="_9D4yQ" d="M208.5,222.2v-10H199v-4.5h9.5v-10h4.9v10h9.5v4.5h-9.5v10H208.5z"></path></g><g class="V7Q_n gpoJQ xIjf7 qAwEa"><rect x="84.1" y="168.4" class="bFB2S" width="83.9" height="83.5"></rect><path class="_9D4yQ" d="M115.8,225.3v-4.7h9.8v-26.2h-0.4l-8.1,8.7l-3.5-3.1l8.9-9.7h8.7v30.3h8.5v4.7H115.8z"></path></g><g class="V7Q_n gpoJQ _54RUD qAwEa"><rect x="0.5" y="168.3" class="bFB2S" width="83.5" height="83.7"></rect><path class="_9D4yQ" d="M42.9,213.3l-7.8,7.8l-3.3-3.3l7.8-7.8l-7.8-7.8l3.3-3.3l7.8,7.8l7.8-7.8l3.3,3.3l-7.8,7.8l7.8,7.8l-3.3,3.3 L42.9,213.3z"></path></g><g class="V7Q_n Pwjzp X2dq3 qAwEa"><rect x="251.6" y="84.4" class="bFB2S" width="83.9" height="83.5"></rect><path class="_9D4yQ" d="M282.2,129.9l16.4-6.5v-0.4l-16.4-6.5v-5l21.6,8.9v5.5l-21.6,8.9V129.9z M282.2,137h21.6v4.4h-21.6V137z"></path></g><g class="V7Q_n Pwjzp UuuBz qAwEa"><rect x="168.1" y="84.4" class="bFB2S" width="83.9" height="83.5"></rect><g class="_9D4yQ"><path d="M205.3,115.5h5.5l-12.5,30.9c-1.4,3.3-3.2,5-7.3,5h-4.4V147h6.1l2.4-6l-10.4-25.5h5.7l4.1,10.8l3.2,8.9h0.3 l3.2-8.9L205.3,115.5z"></path><path d="M217.4,120.1l2.7-1.9c0.8,1.4,1.9,2.5,3.8,2.5c1.8,0,2.8-0.9,2.8-2.2v-0.4c0-1.4-1.3-2.2-3.3-2.2H222v-2.8 h1.7c2,0,2.9-0.9,2.9-1.9v-0.4c0-1.1-1-1.9-2.5-1.9c-1.5,0-2.9,0.8-3.8,2.1l-2.3-2c1.4-1.8,3.1-2.9,6.1-2.9c3.8,0,6.3,1.8,6.3,4.5 c0,2.2-1.6,3.5-3.5,3.8v0.2c2.2,0.4,3.8,1.7,3.8,4c0,3-2.7,5-6.6,5C220.4,123.5,218.5,121.9,217.4,120.1z"></path></g></g><g class="V7Q_n Pwjzp xIjf7 qAwEa"><rect x="84.1" y="84.4" class="bFB2S" width="83.9" height="83.5"></rect><path class="_9D4yQ" d="M117.3,138.6l2.7-4.9h-5.5v-4.5h8l3.4-6.2h-11.3v-4.5h13.6l2.7-4.9h4.7l-2.7,4.9h5.5v4.5h-8l-3.4,6.2h11.3 v4.5h-13.6l-2.7,4.9H117.3z"></path></g><g class="V7Q_n Pwjzp _54RUD qAwEa"><rect x="0.5" y="84.3" class="bFB2S" width="83.5" height="83.7"></rect><g class="_9D4yQ"><path d="M19.4,141.4v-35h22.5v4.7H25v10.2h15.3v4.7H25v15.4H19.4z"></path><path d="M48.8,133c0-5.5,2.2-8.7,6.9-8.7c4.7,0,6.9,3.2,6.9,8.7c0,5.5-2.2,8.7-6.9,8.7C51,141.7,48.8,138.5,48.8,133z M58.8,134.6v-3.3c0-2.7-0.8-4.3-3.1-4.3c-2.3,0-3.1,1.6-3.1,4.3v3.3c0,2.7,0.8,4.3,3.1,4.3C58,138.9,58.8,137.3,58.8,134.6z M54.3,133.2v-0.5c0-0.7,0.4-1.2,1.5-1.2c1.1,0,1.5,0.6,1.5,1.2v0.5c0,0.7-0.4,1.2-1.5,1.2C54.6,134.4,54.3,133.9,54.3,133.2z"></path></g></g><g class="V7Q_n ug0J7 X2dq3 qAwEa"><rect x="251.6" y="0.5" class="bFB2S" width="83.9" height="83.5"></rect><path class="_9D4yQ" d="M280.3,48.3c0-4.7,2.9-7.4,7.1-8.6v-0.4c-3.6-1.3-6-4.1-6-8.1c0-5.4,4.3-9,11.6-9c7.4,0,11.6,3.6,11.6,9 c0,4-2.4,6.8-6,8.1v0.4c4.2,1.2,7.1,3.9,7.1,8.6c0,5.8-4.4,10.2-12.7,10.2C284.7,58.4,280.3,54.1,280.3,48.3z M299.8,48.4v-1.1 c0-3.5-2.5-5.6-6.9-5.6c-4.4,0-6.9,2.1-6.9,5.6v1.1c0,3.5,2.5,5.6,6.9,5.6C297.3,54,299.8,51.9,299.8,48.4z M299.1,32.4v-0.7 c0-3.2-2.2-5.1-6.2-5.1c-4,0-6.2,1.9-6.2,5.1v0.7c0,3.2,2.2,5.1,6.2,5.1C297,37.5,299.1,35.6,299.1,32.4z"></path></g><g class="V7Q_n ug0J7 UuuBz qAwEa"><rect x="168.1" y="0.5" class="bFB2S" width="83.9" height="83.5"></rect><path class="_9D4yQ" d="M203.4,45.4v-5.5h15.1v5.5H203.4z"></path></g><g class="V7Q_n ug0J7 xIjf7 qAwEa"><rect x="84.1" y="0.5" class="bFB2S" width="83.9" height="83.5"></rect><g class="_9D4yQ"><path d="M100.4,55.8l9.6-13.1L100.8,30h6.4l3.4,4.9l2.7,3.9h0.3l2.7-3.9l3.4-4.9h5.9l-9.3,12.5l9.7,13.3h-6.4 l-3.9-5.6l-2.7-3.8h-0.3l-2.6,3.8l-3.8,5.6H100.4z"></path><path d="M146.9,39.4h-14v-3.5L139,31c2.2-1.7,3.2-2.9,3.2-4.6v-0.2c0-1.6-1.2-2.4-2.8-2.4c-2,0-2.9,1.2-3.4,2.7 l-3.5-1.3c0.9-2.5,3.1-4.7,7.2-4.7c4.3,0,6.7,2.3,6.7,5.6c0,3.1-2.3,5.2-5.2,7.2l-4.1,2.9h9.7V39.4z"></path></g></g><g class="V7Q_n ug0J7 _54RUD qAwEa"><rect x="0.5" y="0.4" class="bFB2S" width="83.5" height="83.7"></rect><path class="_9D4yQ" d="M32.1,55.8V30h5.5v4.4h0.3c1.1-2.7,3.2-5,7.5-5c5.2,0,8.7,3.6,8.7,9.8v16.6h-5.5V40c0-4.1-1.9-6.2-5.4-6.2 c-2.8,0-5.6,1.5-5.6,4.5v17.5H32.1z"></path></g><path class="iogQh" d="M252.5,0h-1h-83h-1h-83h-1H0v83.5v1v83v1v83v1V336h83.5h1h83h1h83h1H336v-83.5v-1v-83v-1v-83v-1V0H252.5z M251.5,1v82.5h-83V1H251.5z M167.5,168.5v83h-83v-83H167.5z M84.5,167.5v-83h83v83H84.5z M168.5,168.5h83v83h-83V168.5z M168.5,167.5v-83h83v83H168.5z M167.5,1v82.5h-83V1H167.5z M1,1h82.5v82.5H1V1z M1,84.5h82.5v83H1V84.5z M1,168.5h82.5v83H1V168.5 z M1,335v-82.5h82.5V335H1z M84.5,335v-82.5h83V335H84.5z M168.5,335v-82.5h83V335H168.5z M335,335h-82.5v-82.5H335V335z M335,251.5h-82.5v-83H335V251.5z M335,167.5h-82.5v-83H335V167.5z M252.5,83.5V1H335v82.5H252.5z"></path></svg></div></div><div class="_5Cpod TtCms"><svg focusable="false" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="currentColor" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 32 32" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M16 10a6 6 0 00-6 6v8a6 6 0 0012 0V16A6 6 0 0016 10zm-4.25 7.87h8.5v4.25h-8.5zM16 28.25A4.27 4.27 0 0111.75 24v-.13h8.5V24A4.27 4.27 0 0116 28.25zm4.25-12.13h-8.5V16a4.25 4.25 0 018.5 0zM30.66 19.21L24 13v9.1a4 4 0 008 0A3.83 3.83 0 0030.66 19.21zM28 24.35a2.25 2.25 0 01-2.25-2.25V17l3.72 3.47h0A2.05 2.05 0 0130.2 22 2.25 2.25 0 0128 24.35zM0 22.1a4 4 0 008 0V13L1.34 19.21A3.88 3.88 0 000 22.1zm2.48-1.56h0L6.25 17v5.1a2.25 2.25 0 01-4.5 0A2.05 2.05 0 012.48 20.54zM15 5.5A3.5 3.5 0 1011.5 9 3.5 3.5 0 0015 5.5zm-5.25 0A1.75 1.75 0 1111.5 7.25 1.77 1.77 0 019.75 5.5zM20.5 2A3.5 3.5 0 1024 5.5 3.5 3.5 0 0020.5 2zm0 5.25A1.75 1.75 0 1122.25 5.5 1.77 1.77 0 0120.5 7.25z"></path></svg>Puzzle</div></article></li><li class="u32ci"><article class="_5y1aV px54D dQjMV"><h3 class="aIhdd"><a class="QEnIV" href="/blog/Granite-adapter-experiments"><span class="yYIUz">IBM Granite has new experimental features for developers to test</span><svg focusable="false" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="currentColor" width="32" height="32" viewBox="0 0 32 32" aria-hidden="true" class="Hubs8"><path d="M18 6L16.57 7.393 24.15 15 4 15 4 17 24.15 17 16.57 24.573 18 26 28 16 18 6z"></path></svg></a></h3><div class="_1wKk7"><span style="box-sizing:border-box;display:block;overflow:hidden;width:initial;height:initial;background:none;opacity:1;border:0;margin:0;padding:0;position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0"><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7" decoding="async" data-nimg="fill" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0;border:none;margin:auto;display:block;width:0;height:0;min-width:100%;max-width:100%;min-height:100%;max-height:100%;object-fit:cover"/><noscript><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" data-nimg="fill" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0;border:none;margin:auto;display:block;width:0;height:0;min-width:100%;max-width:100%;min-height:100%;max-height:100%;object-fit:cover" sizes="(min-width: 99rem) calc((99rem - 50rem) * 0.25 + 9rem), (min-width: 82rem) calc((100vw - 50rem) * 0.25 + 9rem), (min-width: 66rem) calc((100vw - 49rem) * 0.5 + 21rem), (min-width: 42rem) calc((100vw - 27rem) * 0.5 + 9rem), calc((100vw - 5rem) * 1 + 3rem)" srcSet="https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2FGranite_Keynote_cover_4_2x_7dcae38026.png&w=16&q=85 16w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2FGranite_Keynote_cover_4_2x_7dcae38026.png&w=32&q=85 32w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2FGranite_Keynote_cover_4_2x_7dcae38026.png&w=48&q=85 48w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2FGranite_Keynote_cover_4_2x_7dcae38026.png&w=64&q=85 64w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2FGranite_Keynote_cover_4_2x_7dcae38026.png&w=96&q=85 96w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2FGranite_Keynote_cover_4_2x_7dcae38026.png&w=128&q=85 128w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2FGranite_Keynote_cover_4_2x_7dcae38026.png&w=256&q=85 256w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2FGranite_Keynote_cover_4_2x_7dcae38026.png&w=384&q=85 384w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2FGranite_Keynote_cover_4_2x_7dcae38026.png&w=640&q=85 640w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2FGranite_Keynote_cover_4_2x_7dcae38026.png&w=750&q=85 750w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2FGranite_Keynote_cover_4_2x_7dcae38026.png&w=828&q=85 828w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2FGranite_Keynote_cover_4_2x_7dcae38026.png&w=1080&q=85 1080w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2FGranite_Keynote_cover_4_2x_7dcae38026.png&w=1200&q=85 1200w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2FGranite_Keynote_cover_4_2x_7dcae38026.png&w=1920&q=85 1920w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2FGranite_Keynote_cover_4_2x_7dcae38026.png&w=2048&q=85 2048w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2FGranite_Keynote_cover_4_2x_7dcae38026.png&w=3840&q=85 3840w" src="https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2FGranite_Keynote_cover_4_2x_7dcae38026.png&w=3840&q=85"/></noscript></span></div><div class="_5Cpod _6qhNt"><svg focusable="false" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="currentColor" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 32 32" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M19 10H26V12H19zM19 15H26V17H19zM19 20H26V22H19z"></path><path d="M28,5H4A2.002,2.002,0,0,0,2,7V25a2.0023,2.0023,0,0,0,2,2H28a2.0027,2.0027,0,0,0,2-2V7A2.0023,2.0023,0,0,0,28,5ZM4,7H15V25H4ZM17,25V7H28l.002,18Z"></path></svg>News</div><div class="fmKT7"><div class=""><div class="hr37V">Kim Martineau</div><div><time dateTime="2024-11-19T17:30:00.000Z">19 Nov 2024</time></div></div></div><ul class="XBsQU tIdYx H_THJ pFSjT _2bQNq sOAT8" style="--gap-sm:0.5rem;--gap-md:0.5rem;--gap-lg:0.5rem;--gap-xlg:0.5rem;--gap-max:0.5rem"><li class="iHbnT vRTEX l8Im1 er023 EOn_C MtRtY"><a class="bx--tag ZvHdV sCEvD _7_FxK _9ckLP bx--tag--green bx--tag--interactive" id="post-3923--tag-5" href="/artificial-intelligence"><span title="AI">AI</span></a></li><li class="iHbnT vRTEX l8Im1 er023 EOn_C MtRtY"><a class="bx--tag ZvHdV sCEvD _7_FxK _9ckLP bx--tag--green bx--tag--interactive" id="post-3923--tag-167" href="/topics/foundation-models"><span title="Foundation Models">Foundation Models</span></a></li><li class="iHbnT vRTEX l8Im1 er023 EOn_C MtRtY"><a class="bx--tag ZvHdV sCEvD _7_FxK _9ckLP bx--tag--green bx--tag--interactive" id="post-3923--tag-25" href="/topics/natural-language-processing"><span title="Natural Language Processing">Natural Language Processing</span></a></li></ul></article></li><li class="u32ci"><article class="_5y1aV px54D dQjMV"><h3 class="aIhdd"><a class="QEnIV" href="/blog/ibm-the-short-nov-19"><span class="yYIUz">The path to more powerful — and efficient — AI systems</span><svg focusable="false" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="currentColor" width="32" height="32" viewBox="0 0 32 32" aria-hidden="true" class="Hubs8"><path d="M18 6L16.57 7.393 24.15 15 4 15 4 17 24.15 17 16.57 24.573 18 26 28 16 18 6z"></path></svg></a></h3><div class="_1wKk7"><span style="box-sizing:border-box;display:block;overflow:hidden;width:initial;height:initial;background:none;opacity:1;border:0;margin:0;padding:0;position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0"><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7" decoding="async" data-nimg="fill" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0;border:none;margin:auto;display:block;width:0;height:0;min-width:100%;max-width:100%;min-height:100%;max-height:100%;object-fit:cover"/><noscript><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" data-nimg="fill" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0;border:none;margin:auto;display:block;width:0;height:0;min-width:100%;max-width:100%;min-height:100%;max-height:100%;object-fit:cover" sizes="(min-width: 99rem) calc((99rem - 50rem) * 0.25 + 9rem), (min-width: 82rem) calc((100vw - 50rem) * 0.25 + 9rem), (min-width: 66rem) calc((100vw - 49rem) * 0.5 + 21rem), (min-width: 42rem) calc((100vw - 27rem) * 0.5 + 9rem), calc((100vw - 5rem) * 1 + 3rem)" srcSet="https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2Fthe_short_nov_18_ad43c095c0.jpg&w=16&q=75 16w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2Fthe_short_nov_18_ad43c095c0.jpg&w=32&q=75 32w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2Fthe_short_nov_18_ad43c095c0.jpg&w=48&q=75 48w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2Fthe_short_nov_18_ad43c095c0.jpg&w=64&q=75 64w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2Fthe_short_nov_18_ad43c095c0.jpg&w=96&q=75 96w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2Fthe_short_nov_18_ad43c095c0.jpg&w=128&q=75 128w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2Fthe_short_nov_18_ad43c095c0.jpg&w=256&q=75 256w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2Fthe_short_nov_18_ad43c095c0.jpg&w=384&q=75 384w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2Fthe_short_nov_18_ad43c095c0.jpg&w=640&q=75 640w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2Fthe_short_nov_18_ad43c095c0.jpg&w=750&q=75 750w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2Fthe_short_nov_18_ad43c095c0.jpg&w=828&q=75 828w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2Fthe_short_nov_18_ad43c095c0.jpg&w=1080&q=75 1080w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2Fthe_short_nov_18_ad43c095c0.jpg&w=1200&q=75 1200w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2Fthe_short_nov_18_ad43c095c0.jpg&w=1920&q=75 1920w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2Fthe_short_nov_18_ad43c095c0.jpg&w=2048&q=75 2048w, https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2Fthe_short_nov_18_ad43c095c0.jpg&w=3840&q=75 3840w" src="https://research.ibm.com/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud%2Fthe_short_nov_18_ad43c095c0.jpg&w=3840&q=75"/></noscript></span></div><div class="_5Cpod _6qhNt"><svg focusable="false" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="currentColor" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 32 32" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M19 10H26V12H19zM19 15H26V17H19zM19 20H26V22H19z"></path><path d="M28,5H4A2.002,2.002,0,0,0,2,7V25a2.0023,2.0023,0,0,0,2,2H28a2.0027,2.0027,0,0,0,2-2V7A2.0023,2.0023,0,0,0,28,5ZM4,7H15V25H4ZM17,25V7H28l.002,18Z"></path></svg>News</div><div class="fmKT7"><div class=""><div class="hr37V">Mike Murphy</div><div><time dateTime="2024-11-19T12:00:00.000Z">19 Nov 2024</time></div></div></div><ul class="XBsQU tIdYx H_THJ pFSjT _2bQNq sOAT8" style="--gap-sm:0.5rem;--gap-md:0.5rem;--gap-lg:0.5rem;--gap-xlg:0.5rem;--gap-max:0.5rem"><li class="iHbnT vRTEX l8Im1 er023 EOn_C MtRtY"><a class="bx--tag ZvHdV sCEvD _7_FxK _9ckLP bx--tag--green bx--tag--interactive" id="post-3922--tag-5" href="/artificial-intelligence"><span title="AI">AI</span></a></li><li class="iHbnT vRTEX l8Im1 er023 EOn_C MtRtY"><a class="bx--tag ZvHdV sCEvD _7_FxK _9ckLP bx--tag--green bx--tag--interactive" id="post-3922--tag-8" href="/topics/ai-hardware"><span title="AI Hardware">AI Hardware</span></a></li><li class="iHbnT vRTEX l8Im1 er023 EOn_C MtRtY"><a class="bx--tag ZvHdV sCEvD _7_FxK _9ckLP bx--tag--green bx--tag--interactive" id="post-3922--tag-7" href="/quantum-computing"><span title="Quantum">Quantum</span></a></li></ul></article></li><li class="u32ci"><a class="KYnBa _5y1aV" href="/blog"><span>Read more news on our blog</span><svg focusable="false" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="currentColor" width="32" height="32" viewBox="0 0 32 32" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M18 6L16.57 7.393 24.15 15 4 15 4 17 24.15 17 16.57 24.573 18 26 28 16 18 6z"></path></svg></a></li></ul></section><div class="Wg1Oq"><div><a class="qV8MB" href="https://www.youtube.com/ibmresearch" aria-label="Stay up to date with the latest from IBM Research on YouTube. Never miss a moment. Quantum, Hybrid Cloud, Science, AI"><svg class="NxWBf" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 360 360" width="360" height="360"><g class="_2O6_ pM6Gg"><text transform="matrix(0.5593 -0.829 0.829 0.5593 46.4197 100.3908)">N</text><text transform="matrix(0.6332 -0.774 0.774 0.6332 55.7514 86.6898)">e</text><text transform="matrix(0.6919 -0.722 0.722 0.6919 63.8193 76.8688)">v</text><text transform="matrix(0.7458 -0.6662 0.6662 0.7458 71.6096 68.6694)">e</text><text transform="matrix(0.7889 -0.6146 0.6146 0.7889 81.2587 60.1196)">r</text><text transform="matrix(0.8611 -0.5084 0.5084 0.8611 92.2501 51.4805)">m</text><text transform="matrix(0.9023 -0.4311 0.4311 0.9023 110.1603 41.2608)">i</text><text transform="matrix(0.9238 -0.3828 0.3828 0.9238 115.3398 38.6702)">s</text><text transform="matrix(0.9507 -0.3102 0.3102 0.9507 125.7202 34.3499)">s</text><text transform="matrix(0.9787 -0.2055 0.2055 0.9787 141.8594 29.2801)">a</text><text transform="matrix(0.9978 -6.558349e-02 6.558349e-02 0.9978 159.4497 25.6699)">m</text><text transform="matrix(0.9992 4.030618e-02 -4.030618e-02 0.9992 179.94 24.5)">o</text><text transform="matrix(0.9892 0.1469 -0.1469 0.9892 192.9606 24.7998)">m</text><text transform="matrix(0.9684 0.2496 -0.2496 0.9684 213.2406 27.9996)">e</text><text transform="matrix(0.9436 0.3312 -0.3312 0.9436 225.6789 31.2193)">n</text><text transform="matrix(0.9175 0.3978 -0.3978 0.9175 238.24 35.74)">t</text><text transform="matrix(0.5237 0.8519 -0.8519 0.5237 308.4591 91.6399)">Q</text><text transform="matrix(0.4395 0.8983 -0.8983 0.4395 317.1092 105.8301)">u</text><text transform="matrix(0.3631 0.9318 -0.9318 0.3631 322.9601 117.7879)">a</text><text transform="matrix(0.28 0.96 -0.96 0.28 327.5195 129.4)">n</text><text transform="matrix(0.2168 0.9762 -0.9762 0.2168 331.2395 142.25)">t</text><text transform="matrix(0.1485 0.9889 -0.9889 0.1485 333.1103 150.19)">u</text><text transform="matrix(4.135624e-02 0.9991 -0.9991 4.135624e-02 335.279 163.221)">m</text><text transform="matrix(-0.5729 0.8196 -0.8196 -0.5729 312.7499 262.2901)">H</text><text transform="matrix(-0.6444 0.7647 -0.7647 -0.6444 303.1491 275.8501)">y</text><text transform="matrix(-0.7021 0.7121 -0.7121 -0.7021 295.6701 284.809)">b</text><text transform="matrix(-0.7507 0.6606 -0.6606 -0.7507 286.0104 294.4413)">r</text><text transform="matrix(-0.7828 0.6222 -0.6222 -0.7828 279.5108 300.091)">i</text><text transform="matrix(-0.8192 0.5736 -0.5736 -0.8192 275.1009 303.7813)">d</text><text transform="matrix(-0.8847 0.4662 -0.4662 -0.8847 259.2801 314.4895)">C</text><text transform="matrix(-0.9141 0.4055 -0.4055 -0.9141 246.2807 321.2004)">l</text><text transform="matrix(-0.9378 0.3473 -0.3473 -0.9378 240.5889 323.8502)">o</text><text transform="matrix(-0.964 0.2659 -0.2659 -0.964 228.3002 328.4201)">u</text><text transform="matrix(-0.9834 0.1812 -0.1812 -0.9834 215.4906 331.9706)">d</text><text transform="matrix(-0.9061 -0.4231 0.4231 -0.9061 120.8306 324.23)">S</text><text transform="matrix(-0.8685 -0.4958 0.4958 -0.8685 108.4919 318.4431)">c</text><text transform="matrix(-0.839 -0.5441 0.5441 -0.839 98.2501 312.5092)">i</text><text transform="matrix(-0.8048 -0.5935 0.5935 -0.8048 93.3402 309.4607)">e</text><text transform="matrix(-0.7507 -0.6606 0.6606 -0.7507 82.9991 301.8695)">n</text><text transform="matrix(-0.6971 -0.717 0.717 -0.6971 72.9796 293.0791)">c</text><text transform="matrix(-0.6398 -0.7685 0.7685 -0.6398 64.8482 284.7781)">e</text><text transform="matrix(-6.982342e-02 -0.9976 0.9976 -6.982342e-02 25.6199 199.0996)">A</text><text transform="matrix(1.622984e-02 -0.9999 0.9999 1.622984e-02 24.6007 184.0784)">I</text><polygon points="292.3,48.4 290.3,48.6 291.2,59.3 275.7,46.4 274.5,48 290,60.8 279.3,61.8 279.5,63.8 293.6,62.5 "></polygon><polygon points="345.7,232.5 344.8,230.7 335.3,235.8 341.1,216.5 339.2,215.9 333.4,235.2 328.3,225.8 326.5,226.7 333.2,239.2 "></polygon><polygon points="155.2,352.2 156.8,351 150.3,342.5 170.3,345.1 170.5,343.1 150.5,340.5 159,334 157.8,332.4 146.6,341 "></polygon><polygon points="19.9,246.9 21.7,247.6 25.7,237.7 33.6,256.2 35.5,255.4 27.5,236.9 37.5,240.9 38.2,239 25.1,233.7 "></polygon><polygon points="14.7,128.1 15.6,129.8 25.1,124.8 19.2,144.1 21.1,144.6 27,125.4 32,134.8 33.8,133.9 27.2,121.4 "></polygon></g><g class="Azypt"><text transform="matrix(0.9613 -0.2756 0.2756 0.9613 92.1121 167.1848)">Stay up to date<!-- --> </text><text transform="matrix(0.9613 -0.2756 0.2756 0.9613 76.9244 202.7484)">with the latest from<!-- --> </text><text transform="matrix(0.9613 -0.2756 0.2756 0.9613 98.0738 227.8943)">IBM Research on<!-- --> </text><text transform="matrix(0.9613 -0.2756 0.2756 0.9613 148.7352 244.5793)">YouTube</text></g></svg><svg class="eSYEf" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 278 278" width="278" height="278"><g class="_2O6_ pM6Gg"><text transform="matrix(0.4569 -0.8895 0.8895 0.4569 31.5599 91.8594)">N</text><text transform="matrix(0.5473 -0.837 0.837 0.5473 37.9201 79.6193)">e</text><text transform="matrix(0.6174 -0.7867 0.7867 0.6174 43.6879 70.7987)">v</text><text transform="matrix(0.6816 -0.7317 0.7317 0.6816 49.4602 63.3708)">e</text><text transform="matrix(0.7317 -0.6816 0.6816 0.7317 56.8104 55.5608)">r</text><text transform="matrix(0.8211 -0.5708 0.5708 0.8211 65.2899 47.6392)">m</text><text transform="matrix(0.8724 -0.4888 0.4888 0.8724 79.5498 38.1303)">i</text><text transform="matrix(0.9008 -0.4343 0.4343 0.9008 83.7001 35.72)">s</text><text transform="matrix(0.9328 -0.3603 0.3603 0.9328 92.1101 31.6402)">s</text><text transform="matrix(0.9707 -0.2402 0.2402 0.9707 105.2803 26.8103)">a</text><text transform="matrix(0.996 -8.963770e-02 8.963770e-02 0.996 119.7696 23.28)">m</text><text transform="matrix(0.9996 2.998353e-02 -2.998353e-02 0.9996 136.7995 21.9588)">o</text><text transform="matrix(0.9889 0.1487 -0.1487 0.9889 147.6001 22.09)">m</text><text transform="matrix(0.9642 0.2652 -0.2652 0.9642 164.4601 24.7898)">e</text><text transform="matrix(0.9352 0.3541 -0.3541 0.9352 174.7499 27.5998)">n</text><text transform="matrix(0.9052 0.425 -0.425 0.9052 185.11 31.6001)">t</text><text transform="matrix(0.5593 0.829 -0.829 0.5593 231.2596 67.2795)">Q</text><text transform="matrix(0.4711 0.8821 -0.8821 0.4711 239.0102 78.7298)">u</text><text transform="matrix(0.3898 0.9209 -0.9209 0.3898 244.2199 88.4599)">a</text><text transform="matrix(0.303 0.953 -0.953 0.303 248.3006 97.9999)">n</text><text transform="matrix(0.2287 0.9735 -0.9735 0.2287 251.59 108.6199)">t</text><text transform="matrix(0.1533 0.9882 -0.9882 0.1533 253.2295 115.1799)">u</text><text transform="matrix(3.489950e-02 0.9994 -0.9994 3.489950e-02 255.1099 125.98)">m</text><text transform="matrix(-0.5174 0.8557 -0.8557 -0.5174 242.3804 193.1209)">H</text><text transform="matrix(-0.6003 0.7998 -0.7998 -0.6003 235.17 204.8798)">y</text><text transform="matrix(-0.6712 0.7413 -0.7413 -0.6712 229.3895 212.6593)">b</text><text transform="matrix(-0.7253 0.6885 -0.6885 -0.7253 221.7596 221.0201)">r</text><text transform="matrix(-0.7595 0.6505 -0.6505 -0.7595 216.5404 225.9401)">i</text><text transform="matrix(-0.8024 0.5968 -0.5968 -0.8024 212.9895 229.1404)">d</text><text transform="matrix(-0.8775 0.4796 -0.4796 -0.8775 200.1006 238.3895)">C</text><text transform="matrix(-0.9108 0.4129 -0.4129 -0.9108 189.38 244.1203)">l</text><text transform="matrix(-0.9372 0.3489 -0.3489 -0.9372 184.6697 246.3696)">o</text><text transform="matrix(-0.966 0.2587 -0.2587 -0.966 174.4787 250.1795)">u</text><text transform="matrix(-0.9872 0.1595 -0.1595 -0.9872 163.8089 253.0584)">d</text><text transform="matrix(-0.9292 -0.3697 0.3697 -0.9292 101.1705 249.5897)">S</text><text transform="matrix(-0.8927 -0.4507 0.4507 -0.8927 90.6502 245.4097)">c</text><text transform="matrix(-0.8601 -0.5101 0.5101 -0.8601 81.8997 240.9113)">i</text><text transform="matrix(-0.8272 -0.5619 0.5619 -0.8272 77.7305 238.5803)">e</text><text transform="matrix(-0.7716 -0.6361 0.6361 -0.7716 68.8796 232.6009)">n</text><text transform="matrix(-0.7124 -0.7018 0.7018 -0.7124 60.36 225.5589)">c</text><text transform="matrix(-0.6493 -0.7605 0.7605 -0.6493 53.4501 218.8017)">e</text><text transform="matrix(-0.1588 -0.9873 0.9873 -0.1588 24.46 163.8591)">A</text><text transform="matrix(-6.982342e-02 -0.9976 0.9976 -6.982342e-02 22.5602 151.4704)">I</text><polygon points="9.9,114.1 10.7,115.3 17.3,110.7 14.7,125.6 16.1,125.9 18.8,111 23.4,117.6 24.6,116.7 18.5,108 "></polygon><polygon points="224.9,40 223.4,40.1 224,48.1 212.5,38.3 211.6,39.5 223.1,49.3 215,49.9 215.2,51.4 225.7,50.6 "></polygon><polygon points="264.8,174.1 264,172.8 257,176.8 261,162.2 259.6,161.8 255.6,176.4 251.6,169.4 250.3,170.1 255.6,179.4 "></polygon><polygon points="124.6,269 125.8,268.1 120.6,261.9 135.6,263.2 135.8,261.7 120.7,260.4 126.8,255.2 125.9,254.1 117.8,260.9 "></polygon><polygon points="19.3,192.9 20.8,193.4 23.5,185.8 29.9,199.5 31.3,198.9 24.9,185.2 32.4,187.9 32.9,186.5 23,182.9 "></polygon></g><g class="Azypt"><text transform="matrix(0.9613 -0.2756 0.2756 0.9613 64.5414 124.0711)">Stay up to date<!-- --> </text><text transform="matrix(0.9613 -0.2756 0.2756 0.9613 52.7438 156.5822)">with the latest from<!-- --> </text><text transform="matrix(0.9613 -0.2756 0.2756 0.9613 71.131 180.4394)">IBM Research on<!-- --> </text><text transform="matrix(0.9613 -0.2756 0.2756 0.9613 114.2237 197.2138)">YouTube</text></g></svg></a></div></div><section class="qWrn4"><a class="xHBSN" name="tools" style="--top:0px;--top-offset:0rem"></a><h2 class="tp_Lt">Tools + Code</h2><ul class="_16BZw"><li><a class="_3jf5c" href="https://github.com/i-am-bee/bee-agent-framework"><div class="gJpaW"><div class="FvX59"><span style="box-sizing:border-box;display:block;overflow:hidden;width:initial;height:initial;background:none;opacity:1;border:0;margin:0;padding:0;position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0"><img alt="" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7" decoding="async" data-nimg="fill" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0;border:none;margin:auto;display:block;width:0;height:0;min-width:100%;max-width:100%;min-height:100%;max-height:100%;object-fit:contain"/><noscript><img alt="" loading="lazy" decoding="async" data-nimg="fill" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0;border:none;margin:auto;display:block;width:0;height:0;min-width:100%;max-width:100%;min-height:100%;max-height:100%;object-fit:contain" src="https://d35x6597f7j1wm.cloudfront.net/Research_bee_white_1_75e6fd3fa9.svg"/></noscript></span></div></div><h3 class="tqvm_">Bee Agent Framework</h3><div class="kNfEU"><p>Open-source framework for building, deploying, and serving powerful agentic workflows at scale. </p><div role="presentation" class="BQ40D">View project →</div></div></a></li><li><a class="_3jf5c" href="https://huggingface.co/ibm-granite"><div class="gJpaW"><div class="FvX59"><span style="box-sizing:border-box;display:block;overflow:hidden;width:initial;height:initial;background:none;opacity:1;border:0;margin:0;padding:0;position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0"><img alt="" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7" decoding="async" data-nimg="fill" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0;border:none;margin:auto;display:block;width:0;height:0;min-width:100%;max-width:100%;min-height:100%;max-height:100%;object-fit:contain"/><noscript><img alt="" loading="lazy" decoding="async" data-nimg="fill" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0;border:none;margin:auto;display:block;width:0;height:0;min-width:100%;max-width:100%;min-height:100%;max-height:100%;object-fit:contain" src="https://d35x6597f7j1wm.cloudfront.net/Granite_3138cc7994.svg"/></noscript></span></div></div><h3 class="tqvm_">Granite Open-source Models</h3><div class="kNfEU"><p>A series of enterprise-focused, open-source models for language, code, time series and geospatial.</p><div role="presentation" class="BQ40D">View project →</div></div></a></li><li><a class="_3jf5c" href="https://instructlab.ai"><div class="gJpaW"><div class="FvX59"><span style="box-sizing:border-box;display:block;overflow:hidden;width:initial;height:initial;background:none;opacity:1;border:0;margin:0;padding:0;position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0"><img alt="" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7" decoding="async" data-nimg="fill" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0;border:none;margin:auto;display:block;width:0;height:0;min-width:100%;max-width:100%;min-height:100%;max-height:100%;object-fit:contain"/><noscript><img alt="" loading="lazy" decoding="async" data-nimg="fill" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0;border:none;margin:auto;display:block;width:0;height:0;min-width:100%;max-width:100%;min-height:100%;max-height:100%;object-fit:contain" src="https://d35x6597f7j1wm.cloudfront.net/8bar_Solid_white_b65cc29873.svg"/></noscript></span></div></div><h3 class="tqvm_">InstructLab</h3><div class="kNfEU"><p>A community-based approach to building open-source LLMs, created by engineers from Red Hat and IBM Research.</p><div role="presentation" class="BQ40D">View project →</div></div></a></li><li><a class="_3jf5c" href="https://docs.quantum.ibm.com/api/qiskit"><div class="gJpaW"><div class="FvX59"><span style="box-sizing:border-box;display:block;overflow:hidden;width:initial;height:initial;background:none;opacity:1;border:0;margin:0;padding:0;position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0"><img alt="" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7" decoding="async" data-nimg="fill" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0;border:none;margin:auto;display:block;width:0;height:0;min-width:100%;max-width:100%;min-height:100%;max-height:100%;object-fit:contain"/><noscript><img alt="" loading="lazy" decoding="async" data-nimg="fill" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0;border:none;margin:auto;display:block;width:0;height:0;min-width:100%;max-width:100%;min-height:100%;max-height:100%;object-fit:contain" src="https://d35x6597f7j1wm.cloudfront.net/qiskit_white_8f817562d3.svg"/></noscript></span></div></div><h3 class="tqvm_">Qiskit SDK</h3><div class="kNfEU"><p>Easily build and transpile circuits with 100+ qubits with the stable, high-performance Qiskit SDK.</p><div role="presentation" class="BQ40D">View project →</div></div></a></li></ul></section></div></main><footer data-autoid="dds--footer" class="bx--footer"><section class="bx--footer__main"><div class="bx--footer__main-container"><div data-autoid="dds--footer-logo" class="bx--footer-logo"><a data-autoid="dds--footer-logo__link" class="bx--footer-logo__link" href="https://www.ibm.com/"><svg width="157" height="65" class="bx--footer-logo__logo" viewBox="0 0 157 65" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><title>IBM Logo</title><path d="M30.444 60.208v4.03H0v-4.03h30.444zm78.291-.001v4.03H86.983v-4.03h21.752zm47.858 0v4.03H134.84v-4.03h21.753zm-33.416 0l-1.398 4.03-1.38-4.03h2.778zm-88.384 0h42.775c-2.797 2.426-6.39 3.925-10.327 4.025l-.423.006H34.793v-4.03h42.775zm-4.35-8.46v4.03H0v-4.03h30.444zm52.402 0c-.332 1.248-.8 2.44-1.389 3.555l-.259.474H34.793v-4.029h48.052zm73.748-.005v4.031H134.84v-4.03h21.753zm-47.858 0v4.031H86.983v-4.03h21.752zm17.375 0l-1.398 4.031h-5.85l-1.395-4.03h8.643zM21.745 43.285v4.03H8.698v-4.03h13.047zm61.195 0a17.32 17.32 0 0 1 .476 3.51l.008.52H68.796v-4.03H82.94zm-26.401 0v4.03H43.491v-4.03H56.54zm72.502-.007l-1.396 4.03H115.93l-1.397-4.03h14.507zm18.85 0v4.03h-13.05v-4.03h13.05zm-39.156 0v4.03H95.684v-4.03h13.051zm-86.99-8.454v4.03H8.698v-4.03h13.047zm56.117 0a16.945 16.945 0 0 1 2.926 3.582l.264.447h-37.56v-4.03h34.37zm30.873-.01v4.03H95.684v-4.03h13.051zm39.157 0v4.03H134.84v-4.03h13.052zm-15.919 0l-1.396 4.03h-17.579l-1.396-4.03h20.371zm-50.778-8.452a16.963 16.963 0 0 1-2.82 3.674l-.37.355H43.49v-4.029h37.704zm-59.45 0v4.03H8.698v-4.03h13.047zm126.147-.013v4.031H134.84v-3.839l-1.33 3.839h-11.456l1.373-4.03h24.465zm-27.743 0l1.372 4.031h-11.456l-1.33-3.839v3.84H95.684v-4.032h24.465zm-98.404-8.448v4.03H8.698V17.9h13.047zm61.68 0c0 1.215-.134 2.399-.375 3.542l-.11.487H68.796V17.9h14.628zM56.538 17.9v4.03H43.491V17.9H56.54zm91.352-.015v4.03h-22.954l1.37-4.03h21.584zm-30.624 0l1.372 4.03H95.684v-4.03h21.583zM30.444 9.437v4.03H0v-4.03h30.444zm50.753 0a17.048 17.048 0 0 1 1.498 3.499l.15.531H34.794v-4.03h46.403zm75.396-.018v4.03h-28.776l1.373-4.03h27.403zm-42.207 0l1.372 4.031H86.982V9.42h27.404zM30.444.978v4.03H0V.977h30.444zm36.374 0c3.96 0 7.594 1.415 10.448 3.772l.303.257H34.794V.977h32.024zm89.775-.022v4.031h-25.894l1.372-4.03h24.522zm-45.098 0l1.372 4.03H86.982V.955h24.513z"></path></svg></a></div><nav data-autoid="dds--footer-nav" class="bx--footer-nav"><ul class="bx--accordion bx--footer-nav__container bx--accordion--end"><li class="bx--accordion__item bx--footer-nav-group" data-autoid="dds--footer-nav-group"><button type="button" aria-expanded="false" class="bx--accordion__heading"><svg focusable="false" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="currentColor" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" aria-hidden="true" class="bx--accordion__arrow"><path d="M11 8L6 13 5.3 12.3 9.6 8 5.3 3.7 6 3z"></path></svg><div class="bx--accordion__title">Focus areas</div></button><div class="bx--accordion__content"><h2 class="bx--footer-nav-group__title">Focus areas</h2><ul><li class="bx--footer-nav-group__item"><a class="bx--link bx--footer-nav-group__link bx--footer__link" data-autoid="dds--footer-nav-group__link" href="/semiconductors">Semiconductors</a></li><li class="bx--footer-nav-group__item"><a class="bx--link bx--footer-nav-group__link bx--footer__link" data-autoid="dds--footer-nav-group__link" href="/artificial-intelligence">Artificial Intelligence</a></li><li class="bx--footer-nav-group__item"><a class="bx--link bx--footer-nav-group__link bx--footer__link" data-autoid="dds--footer-nav-group__link" href="/quantum-computing">Quantum Computing</a></li><li class="bx--footer-nav-group__item"><a class="bx--link bx--footer-nav-group__link bx--footer__link" data-autoid="dds--footer-nav-group__link" href="/hybrid-cloud">Hybrid Cloud</a></li></ul></div></li><li class="bx--accordion__item bx--footer-nav-group" data-autoid="dds--footer-nav-group"><button type="button" aria-expanded="false" class="bx--accordion__heading"><svg focusable="false" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="currentColor" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" aria-hidden="true" class="bx--accordion__arrow"><path d="M11 8L6 13 5.3 12.3 9.6 8 5.3 3.7 6 3z"></path></svg><div class="bx--accordion__title">Quick links</div></button><div class="bx--accordion__content"><h2 class="bx--footer-nav-group__title">Quick links</h2><ul><li class="bx--footer-nav-group__item"><a class="bx--link bx--footer-nav-group__link bx--footer__link" data-autoid="dds--footer-nav-group__link" href="/about">About</a></li><li class="bx--footer-nav-group__item"><a class="bx--link bx--footer-nav-group__link bx--footer__link" data-autoid="dds--footer-nav-group__link" href="/publications">Publications</a></li><li class="bx--footer-nav-group__item"><a class="bx--link bx--footer-nav-group__link bx--footer__link" data-autoid="dds--footer-nav-group__link" href="/blog">Blog</a></li><li class="bx--footer-nav-group__item"><a class="bx--link bx--footer-nav-group__link bx--footer__link" data-autoid="dds--footer-nav-group__link" href="/events">Events</a></li></ul></div></li><li class="bx--accordion__item bx--footer-nav-group" data-autoid="dds--footer-nav-group"><button type="button" aria-expanded="false" class="bx--accordion__heading"><svg focusable="false" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="currentColor" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" aria-hidden="true" class="bx--accordion__arrow"><path d="M11 8L6 13 5.3 12.3 9.6 8 5.3 3.7 6 3z"></path></svg><div class="bx--accordion__title">Work with us</div></button><div class="bx--accordion__content"><h2 class="bx--footer-nav-group__title">Work with us</h2><ul><li class="bx--footer-nav-group__item"><a class="bx--link bx--footer-nav-group__link bx--footer__link" data-autoid="dds--footer-nav-group__link" href="https://www.ibm.com/careers/us-en/teams/research/">Careers</a></li><li class="bx--footer-nav-group__item"><a class="bx--link bx--footer-nav-group__link bx--footer__link" data-autoid="dds--footer-nav-group__link" href="/collaborate">Collaborate</a></li><li class="bx--footer-nav-group__item"><a class="bx--link bx--footer-nav-group__link bx--footer__link" data-autoid="dds--footer-nav-group__link" href="/contact">Contact Research</a></li></ul></div></li><li class="bx--accordion__item bx--footer-nav-group" data-autoid="dds--footer-nav-group"><button type="button" aria-expanded="false" class="bx--accordion__heading"><svg focusable="false" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="currentColor" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" aria-hidden="true" class="bx--accordion__arrow"><path d="M11 8L6 13 5.3 12.3 9.6 8 5.3 3.7 6 3z"></path></svg><div class="bx--accordion__title">Directories</div></button><div class="bx--accordion__content"><h2 class="bx--footer-nav-group__title">Directories</h2><ul><li class="bx--footer-nav-group__item"><a class="bx--link bx--footer-nav-group__link bx--footer__link" data-autoid="dds--footer-nav-group__link" href="/topics">Topics</a></li><li class="bx--footer-nav-group__item"><a class="bx--link bx--footer-nav-group__link bx--footer__link" data-autoid="dds--footer-nav-group__link" href="/people">People</a></li><li class="bx--footer-nav-group__item"><a class="bx--link bx--footer-nav-group__link bx--footer__link" data-autoid="dds--footer-nav-group__link" href="/projects">Projects</a></li></ul></div></li><li class="bx--accordion__item bx--footer-nav-group" data-autoid="dds--footer-nav-group"><button type="button" aria-expanded="false" class="bx--accordion__heading"><svg focusable="false" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="currentColor" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" aria-hidden="true" class="bx--accordion__arrow"><path d="M11 8L6 13 5.3 12.3 9.6 8 5.3 3.7 6 3z"></path></svg><div class="bx--accordion__title">Follow us</div></button><div class="bx--accordion__content"><h2 class="bx--footer-nav-group__title">Follow us</h2><ul><li class="bx--footer-nav-group__item"><a class="bx--link bx--footer-nav-group__link bx--footer__link" data-autoid="dds--footer-nav-group__link" href="https://www.ibm.com/account/reg/us-en/signup?formid=news-urx-53237">Newsletter</a></li><li class="bx--footer-nav-group__item"><a class="bx--link bx--footer-nav-group__link bx--footer__link" data-autoid="dds--footer-nav-group__link" href="https://twitter.com/ibmresearch">X</a></li><li class="bx--footer-nav-group__item"><a class="bx--link bx--footer-nav-group__link bx--footer__link" data-autoid="dds--footer-nav-group__link" href="https://www.linkedin.com/showcase/ibm-research/">LinkedIn</a></li><li class="bx--footer-nav-group__item"><a class="bx--link bx--footer-nav-group__link bx--footer__link" data-autoid="dds--footer-nav-group__link" href="https://www.youtube.com/user/IBMLabs">YouTube</a></li></ul></div></li></ul></nav></div></section><aside data-autoid="dds--footer-legal-nav" class="bx--legal-nav__container"><nav class="bx--legal-nav"><div class="bx--legal-nav__list "><ul class="bx--legal-nav__holder"><li class="bx--legal-nav__list-item"><a href="https://www.ibm.com/contact/us/en/?lnk=flg-cont-usen" class="bx--link bx--footer__link" data-autoid="dds--footer-legal-nav__link-null">Contact IBM</a></li><li class="bx--legal-nav__list-item"><a href="https://www.ibm.com/privacy/us/en/?lnk=flg-priv-usen" class="bx--link bx--footer__link" data-autoid="dds--footer-legal-nav__link-null">Privacy</a></li><li class="bx--legal-nav__list-item"><a href="https://www.ibm.com/us-en/legal?lnk=flg-tous-usen" class="bx--link bx--footer__link" data-autoid="dds--footer-legal-nav__link-null">Terms of use</a></li><li class="bx--legal-nav__list-item"><a href="https://www.ibm.com/accessibility/us/en/?lnk=flg-acce-usen" class="bx--link bx--footer__link" data-autoid="dds--footer-legal-nav__link-null">Accessibility</a></li><li class="bx--legal-nav__list-item" data-autoid="dds--privacy-cp"></li></ul></div></nav></aside></footer></div><script id="__NEXT_DATA__" type="application/json">{"props":{"pageProps":{"initialApolloState":{"BlogCategory:8":{"__typename":"BlogCategory","id":"8","name":"Explainer","slug":"explainers"},"UploadFile:5751":{"__typename":"UploadFile","id":"5751","url":"https://research-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud/the_short_nov_25_3_49751cd708.jpg","alternativeText":null,"width":1920,"height":1080},"Tag:5":{"__typename":"Tag","id":"5","name":"AI","topic":{"__typename":"FocusArea","slug":"artificial-intelligence"}},"Tag:8":{"__typename":"Tag","id":"8","name":"AI Hardware","topic":{"__typename":"Team","slug":"ai-hardware"}},"Tag:36":{"__typename":"Tag","id":"36","name":"Exploratory Science","topic":{"__typename":"TeamCollection","slug":"exploratory-science"}},"BlogAuthor:514":{"__typename":"BlogAuthor","id":"514","name":"Mike Murphy"},"BlogAuthor:1744":{"__typename":"BlogAuthor","id":"1744","name":"Peter Hess"},"BlogAuthor:889":{"__typename":"BlogAuthor","id":"889","name":"Kim Martineau"},"BlogPost:3925":{"__typename":"BlogPost","id":"3925","slug":"the-short-nov-26","title":"Accelerating discoveries with new AI tools, powerful chips — and turkey","blog_category":{"__ref":"BlogCategory:8"},"cover_image":{"__ref":"UploadFile:5751"},"publish_at":"2024-11-26T13:00:00.000Z","read_duration":null,"tags":[{"__ref":"Tag:5"},{"__ref":"Tag:8"},{"__ref":"Tag:36"}],"blog_authors":[{"__ref":"BlogAuthor:514"},{"__ref":"BlogAuthor:1744"},{"__ref":"BlogAuthor:889"}]},"UploadFile:5741":{"__typename":"UploadFile","id":"5741","url":"https://research-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud/Blog_Supercomputing_2024_11_19_v01_fb8bfa9d72.png","alternativeText":null,"width":3841,"height":2161},"Tag:42":{"__typename":"Tag","id":"42","name":"Quantum Research","topic":{"__typename":"Team","slug":"quantum-information-science"}},"Tag:41":{"__typename":"Tag","id":"41","name":"Quantum Systems","topic":{"__typename":"Team","slug":"quantum-hardware"}},"Tag:133":{"__typename":"Tag","id":"133","name":"Quantum Use Cases","topic":{"__typename":"Team","slug":"quantum-chemistry"}},"BlogAuthor:88":{"__typename":"BlogAuthor","id":"88","name":"Ryan Mandelbaum"},"BlogAuthor:2033":{"__typename":"BlogAuthor","id":"2033","name":"Iskandar Sitdikov"},"BlogPost:3924":{"__typename":"BlogPost","id":"3924","slug":"supercomputing-24","title":"Demonstrating a true realization of quantum-centric supercomputing","blog_category":{"__ref":"BlogCategory:8"},"cover_image":{"__ref":"UploadFile:5741"},"publish_at":"2024-11-20T19:15:00.000Z","read_duration":null,"tags":[{"__ref":"Tag:42"},{"__ref":"Tag:41"},{"__ref":"Tag:133"}],"blog_authors":[{"__ref":"BlogAuthor:88"},{"__ref":"BlogAuthor:2033"}]},"BlogCategory:2":{"__typename":"BlogCategory","id":"2","name":"Research","slug":"research"},"UploadFile:5736":{"__typename":"UploadFile","id":"5736","url":"https://research-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud/Automated_materials_discovery_f_55d81a2877.png","alternativeText":"On the left is an unlabeled molecular structure diagram. On the right is a stack of three patent documents, and the top one has several molecular structures, including the one shown on the left. That one is highlighted in green.","width":1920,"height":1080},"Tag:90":{"__typename":"Tag","id":"90","name":"Accelerated Discovery","topic":{"__typename":"Team","slug":"accelerated-discovery"}},"Tag:78":{"__typename":"Tag","id":"78","name":"Materials Discovery","topic":{"__typename":"Team","slug":"materials-discovery"}},"Tag:6":{"__typename":"Tag","id":"6","name":"Science","topic":{"__typename":"TeamCollection","slug":"science"}},"BlogPost:3921":{"__typename":"BlogPost","id":"3921","slug":"patcid-tool-for-accelerating-materials-discovery","title":"A new tool for accelerating the discovery of new materials","blog_category":{"__ref":"BlogCategory:2"},"cover_image":{"__ref":"UploadFile:5736"},"publish_at":"2024-11-20T12:30:00.000Z","read_duration":null,"tags":[{"__ref":"Tag:5"},{"__ref":"Tag:90"},{"__ref":"Tag:78"},{"__ref":"Tag:6"}],"blog_authors":[{"__ref":"BlogAuthor:1744"}]},"BlogCategory:1":{"__typename":"BlogCategory","id":"1","name":"News","slug":"news"},"UploadFile:5740":{"__typename":"UploadFile","id":"5740","url":"https://research-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud/Granite_Keynote_cover_4_2x_7dcae38026.png","alternativeText":null,"width":7680,"height":4320},"Tag:167":{"__typename":"Tag","id":"167","name":"Foundation Models","topic":{"__typename":"Team","slug":"foundation-models"}},"Tag:25":{"__typename":"Tag","id":"25","name":"Natural Language Processing","topic":{"__typename":"Team","slug":"natural-language-processing"}},"BlogPost:3923":{"__typename":"BlogPost","id":"3923","slug":"Granite-adapter-experiments","title":"IBM Granite has new experimental features for developers to test","blog_category":{"__ref":"BlogCategory:1"},"cover_image":{"__ref":"UploadFile:5740"},"publish_at":"2024-11-19T17:30:00.000Z","read_duration":null,"tags":[{"__ref":"Tag:5"},{"__ref":"Tag:167"},{"__ref":"Tag:25"}],"blog_authors":[{"__ref":"BlogAuthor:889"}]},"UploadFile:5737":{"__typename":"UploadFile","id":"5737","url":"https://research-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud/the_short_nov_18_ad43c095c0.jpg","alternativeText":null,"width":1920,"height":1080},"Tag:7":{"__typename":"Tag","id":"7","name":"Quantum","topic":{"__typename":"FocusArea","slug":"quantum-computing"}},"BlogPost:3922":{"__typename":"BlogPost","id":"3922","slug":"ibm-the-short-nov-19","title":"The path to more powerful — and efficient — AI systems","blog_category":{"__ref":"BlogCategory:1"},"cover_image":{"__ref":"UploadFile:5737"},"publish_at":"2024-11-19T12:00:00.000Z","read_duration":null,"tags":[{"__ref":"Tag:5"},{"__ref":"Tag:8"},{"__ref":"Tag:7"}],"blog_authors":[{"__ref":"BlogAuthor:514"}]},"UploadFile:3943":{"__typename":"UploadFile","id":"3943","alternativeText":"IBM_CARD_04_FLAT 2.png","url":"https://research-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud/IBM_CARD_04_FLAT_2_edcf2dca47.png","width":1792,"height":2140},"UploadFile:855":{"__typename":"UploadFile","alternativeText":"","height":800,"id":"855","url":"https://research-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud/IBM_Research_Base_Image_3de5667d16.jpg","width":800},"ComponentSharedSeo:5":{"__typename":"ComponentSharedSeo","canonicalURL":null,"metaDescription":"At IBM Research, we're inventing what's next in AI, quantum computing, and hybrid cloud to shape the world ahead.","id":"5","metaImage":{"__ref":"UploadFile:855"},"metaRobots":null,"metaSocial":[],"metaTitle":null},"Tool:171":{"__typename":"Tool","description":"Open-source framework for building, deploying, and serving powerful agentic workflows at scale.\n","id":"171","image":{"__typename":"UploadFile","alternativeText":null,"url":"https://research-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud/Research_bee_white_1_75e6fd3fa9.svg"},"name":"Bee Agent Framework","url":"https://github.com/i-am-bee/bee-agent-framework"},"Tool:53":{"__typename":"Tool","description":"A series of enterprise-focused, open-source models for language, code, time series and geospatial.","id":"53","image":{"__typename":"UploadFile","alternativeText":null,"url":"https://research-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud/Granite_3138cc7994.svg"},"name":"Granite Open-source Models","url":"https://huggingface.co/ibm-granite"},"Tool:46":{"__typename":"Tool","description":"A community-based approach to building open-source LLMs, created by engineers from Red Hat and IBM Research.","id":"46","image":{"__typename":"UploadFile","alternativeText":null,"url":"https://research-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud/8bar_Solid_white_b65cc29873.svg"},"name":"InstructLab","url":"https://instructlab.ai"},"Tool:170":{"__typename":"Tool","description":"Easily build and transpile circuits with 100+ qubits with the stable, high-performance Qiskit SDK.","id":"170","image":{"__typename":"UploadFile","alternativeText":null,"url":"https://research-website-prod-cms-uploads.s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud/qiskit_white_8f817562d3.svg"},"name":"Qiskit SDK","url":"https://docs.quantum.ibm.com/api/qiskit"},"ROOT_QUERY":{"__typename":"Query","blogPostsSearch({\"limit\":5,\"start\":0})":{"__typename":"BlogPostsSearchConnection","nodes":[{"__ref":"BlogPost:3925"},{"__ref":"BlogPost:3924"},{"__ref":"BlogPost:3921"},{"__ref":"BlogPost:3923"},{"__ref":"BlogPost:3922"}]},"homePage":{"__typename":"HomePage","leadspace_title":"A lab for the future of computing","leadspace_bg_video":{"__typename":"ComponentCommonVideo","poster_image":{"__ref":"UploadFile:3943"}},"leadspace_featured_description":"In a lab in Yorktown sits the most advanced quantum computer in the world, and a cluster of revolutionary prototype AI chips. It’s where we’re inventing what’s next.","leadspace_featured_link":{"__typename":"ComponentCommonLink","label":"Learn more","url":"/blog/think-lab-ibm-research-yorktown"},"seo":{"__ref":"ComponentSharedSeo:5"},"tools":{"__typename":"ComponentCommonTools","tools":[{"__ref":"Tool:171"},{"__ref":"Tool:53"},{"__ref":"Tool:46"},{"__ref":"Tool:170"}]},"projects":null}}},"ssrDateString":"2024-11-30T11:05:12.452Z"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/","query":{},"buildId":"iOcPTflN99LxtqEOvJ5Aj","isFallback":false,"gssp":true,"locale":"en-US","locales":["en-US"],"defaultLocale":"en-US","scriptLoader":[]}</script></body></html>