IL-4 Signaling and its Effects in Immune Cell Types: R&D Systems

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href="/pathways/il-7-signaling-pathways-their-primary-biological-effects-in-different-immune-cell-types" class="pathway_link" data-form="pathways_il-7_signaling_pathways_and_their_primary_biological_effects_in_different_immune_cell_types"> IL-7 Signaling Pathways and their Primary Biological Effects in Different Immune Cell Types </a> </li> <input type="hidden" name="pw_parent" value="Immunology"> </form> <form id="pathways_il-9_signaling_pathways" action="/pathways/il9-signaling-pathways" method="post"> <li class=""> <a href="/pathways/il9-signaling-pathways" class="pathway_link" data-form="pathways_il-9_signaling_pathways"> IL-9 Signaling Pathways </a> </li> <input type="hidden" name="pw_parent" value="Immunology"> </form> <form id="pathways_il-9_signaling_pathways_and_their_primary_biological_effects_in_different_immune_cell_types" action="/pathways/il-9-signaling-pathways-their-primary-biological-effects-in-different-immune-cell-types" method="post"> <li class=""> <a 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data-form="pathways_natural_killer_cell_receptors__human_target_cell_–_nk_cell_ligand-receptor_interactions"> Natural Killer Cell Receptors: Human Target Cell – NK Cell Ligand-Receptor Interactions </a> </li> <input type="hidden" name="pw_parent" value="Immunology"> </form> <form id="pathways_neuropoietin_signaling_pathways" action="/pathways/neuropoietin-signaling-pathways" method="post"> <li class=""> <a href="/pathways/neuropoietin-signaling-pathways" class="pathway_link" data-form="pathways_neuropoietin_signaling_pathways"> Neuropoietin Signaling Pathways </a> </li> <input type="hidden" name="pw_parent" value="Immunology"> </form> <form id="pathways_nod-like_receptor_signaling_pathways" action="/pathways/nod-like-receptor-signaling-pathways" method="post"> <li class=""> <a href="/pathways/nod-like-receptor-signaling-pathways" class="pathway_link" data-form="pathways_nod-like_receptor_signaling_pathways"> NOD-like Receptor Signaling Pathways </a> </li> <input type="hidden" name="pw_parent" value="Immunology"> </form> <form id="pathways_oncostatin_m_signaling_pathways" action="/pathways/oncostatin-m-signaling-pathways" method="post"> <li class=""> <a href="/pathways/oncostatin-m-signaling-pathways" class="pathway_link" data-form="pathways_oncostatin_m_signaling_pathways"> Oncostatin M Signaling Pathways </a> </li> <input type="hidden" name="pw_parent" value="Immunology"> </form> <form id="pathways_pathogen_or_damage-activated_c-type_lectin_receptor_signaling_pathways" action="/pathways/pathogen-damage-activated-c-type-lectin-receptor-signaling-pathways" method="post"> <li class=""> <a href="/pathways/pathogen-damage-activated-c-type-lectin-receptor-signaling-pathways" class="pathway_link" data-form="pathways_pathogen_or_damage-activated_c-type_lectin_receptor_signaling_pathways"> Pathogen or Damage-activated C-Type Lectin Receptor Signaling Pathways </a> </li> <input type="hidden" name="pw_parent" value="Immunology"> </form> <form 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Pathways by RIG-I-like Receptors RLR </a> </li> <input type="hidden" name="pw_parent" value="Immunology"> </form> </ul> </li> <li class="pathways-li "> <form id="pathways_neuroscience_pathways" action="/pathways/neuroscience" method="post"> <a href="/pathways/neuroscience" data-form="pathways_neuroscience_pathways" class="pathway_link"> <span class="icon-"> Neuroscience Pathways </span> </a> <input type="hidden" name="pw_parent" value="Neuroscience"> </form> </li> <li class="pathways-li "> <form id="pathways_proteases__other_enzymes_pathways" action="/pathways/proteases" method="post"> <a href="/pathways/proteases" data-form="pathways_proteases__other_enzymes_pathways" class="pathway_link"> <span class="icon-"> Proteases & Other Enzymes Pathways </span> </a> <input type="hidden" name="pw_parent" value="proteases"> </form> </li> <li class="pathways-li "> <form id="pathways_signal_transduction_pathways" action="/pathways/signal-transduction" method="post"> <a 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value="ubiquitin-related-modifiers-and-pathways"> </form> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="pw_right col-xs-12 col-sm-8 col-md-9"> <div class="search_mobile_buttons"> <div class="pw_menu_toggle btn btn-tertiary">Show Categories</div> </div> <div class="pw_header"> <h1>IL-4 Signaling Pathways and their Primary Biological Effects in Different Immune Cell Types</h1> <p id="pw-intro-txt">Click on one of the buttons below to see either the IL-4 signaling pathways or information related to one of the other common cytokine receptor gamma-chain family members.<br></p> <div id="pw-con" data-mapname="CommonGammaChain_IL4_effects" data-primary_segment="commongammachain_il4_effects"> <div id="pw-main-nav-wrapper"> <div class="row"> <div id="pw-button-nav-top" class="col-xs-12 col-sm-12"> <div class="row"> <div id="pw-button-nav"> <div class="dropdown col-xs-12 col-sm-6 col-md-4"> <button class="btn-pw" type="button" data-toggle="dropup">Explore Pathways<span class="caret"></span></button> <ul id="pathwaynav" class="dropdown-content"> <li data-title="Pathway_CommonGammaChain_IL4" class="pw_rdblue_sm pw_sm_btn"><a href="/pathways/il4-signaling-pathways" ><span>IL-4 Signaling Pathways</span></a></li> <li data-title="Pathway_CommonGammaChaingGeneral" class="pw_sm_btn-active"><a href="/pathways/common-cytokine-receptor-gamma-chain-family-signaling-pathways" ><span>Other Common Cytokine Receptor Gamma-Chain Family Members</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-6 col-md-5" > <div id="pw-nav-subtitle"> IL-4 Signaling Pathways and their Primary Biological Effects in Different Immune Cell Types </div> </div> <div id="pw-print-button-col" class="col-xs-12 col-sm-6 col-md-3" > <a href="#print-copy-form" id="btn-get-print-copy" class="btn btn-primary"><img class="btn-icon" src="https://resources.rndsystems.com/images/Pathways/icons/icon-image.svg"/> Get Print Copy</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="pw-map"> <div id="pw-maps"> <div id="el1_gry" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-label el-gray1 pw-gray" style="top:99px;left:134px;"> IL-4 </div> <div id="el1_off" data-id="1" data-set="IL-4" data-type="No Products Click" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-label el-off1" style="top:99px;left:134px;"> IL-4</div> <div id="el1_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="1"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> <a target="_blank" href="/target/il-4">IL-4</a><br> </div> </div> <div id="el2_gry" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-sprite el-gray2 pw-gray" style="top:129px;left:89px;"> </div> <div id="el2_off" data-id="2" data-set="IL-4R11" data-type="No Products Click" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-sprite el-off2" style="top:129px;left:89px;"> </div> <div id="el2_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="2"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> <a target="_blank" href="/target/il-4-r-alpha">IL-4 R alpha</a><br> <a target="_blank" href="/target/common-gamma-chain-il-2-r-gamma">Common gamma Chain/IL-2 R gamma</a><br> </div> </div> <div id="el3_gry" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-label el-gray3 pw-gray" style="top:128px;left:63px;"> IL-4 R </div> <div id="el3_off" data-id="3" data-set="IL-4R11" data-type="No Products Click" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-label el-off3" style="top:128px;left:63px;"> IL-4 R</div> <div id="el3_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="3"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> <a target="_blank" href="/target/il-4-r-alpha">IL-4 R alpha</a><br> <a target="_blank" href="/target/common-gamma-chain-il-2-r-gamma">Common gamma Chain/IL-2 R gamma</a><br> </div> </div> <div id="el4_gry" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-sprite el-gray4 pw-gray" style="top:85px;left:348px;"> </div> <div id="el4_off" data-id="4" data-set="IL-4R20" data-type="No Products Click" 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href="/target/common-gamma-chain-il-2-r-gamma">Common gamma Chain/IL-2 R gamma</a><br> </div> </div> <div id="el6_gry" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-label el-gray6 pw-gray" style="top:191px;left:285px;"> IL-4 </div> <div id="el6_off" data-id="6" data-set="IL-4" data-type="No Products Click" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-label el-off6" style="top:191px;left:285px;"> IL-4</div> <div id="el6_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="6"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> <a target="_blank" href="/target/il-4">IL-4</a><br> </div> </div> <div id="el7_gry" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-sprite el-gray7 pw-gray" style="top:106px;left:367px;"> </div> <div id="el7_off" data-id="7" data-set="TGF-betaR22" data-type="No Products Click" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-sprite el-off7" style="top:106px;left:367px;"> </div> <div id="el7_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="7"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a 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class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-sprite el-off36" style="top:647px;left:109px;"> </div> <div id="el36_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="36"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> <a target="_blank" href="/target/il-21-r">IL-21 R</a><br> <a target="_blank" href="/target/common-gamma-chain-il-2-r-gamma">Common gamma Chain/IL-2 R gamma</a><br> </div> </div> <div id="el37_gry" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-label el-gray37 pw-gray" style="top:668px;left:142px;"> IL-21 R </div> <div id="el37_off" data-id="37" data-set="IL-21R43" data-type="No Products Click" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-label el-off37" style="top:668px;left:142px;"> IL-21 R</div> <div id="el37_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="37"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> <a target="_blank" href="/target/il-21-r">IL-21 R</a><br> <a target="_blank" href="/target/common-gamma-chain-il-2-r-gamma">Common gamma Chain/IL-2 R gamma</a><br> </div> </div> <div id="el38_gry" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-label el-gray38 pw-gray" style="top:616px;left:346px;"> IL-4 </div> <div id="el38_off" data-id="38" data-set="IL-4" data-type="No Products Click" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-label el-off38" style="top:616px;left:346px;"> IL-4</div> <div id="el38_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="38"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> <a target="_blank" href="/target/il-4">IL-4</a><br> </div> </div> <div id="el39_gry" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-sprite el-gray39 pw-gray" style="top:642px;left:332px;"> </div> <div id="el39_off" data-id="39" data-set="IL-4R51" data-type="No Products Click" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-sprite el-off39" style="top:642px;left:332px;"> </div> <div id="el39_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="39"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> <a target="_blank" href="/target/il-4-r-alpha">IL-4 R alpha</a><br> <a target="_blank" href="/target/common-gamma-chain-il-2-r-gamma">Common gamma Chain/IL-2 R gamma</a><br> </div> </div> <div id="el40_gry" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-label el-gray40 pw-gray" style="top:648px;left:303px;"> IL-4 R </div> <div id="el40_off" data-id="40" data-set="IL-4R51" data-type="No Products Click" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-label el-off40" style="top:648px;left:303px;"> IL-4 R</div> <div id="el40_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="40"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> <a target="_blank" href="/target/il-4-r-alpha">IL-4 R alpha</a><br> <a target="_blank" href="/target/common-gamma-chain-il-2-r-gamma">Common gamma Chain/IL-2 R gamma</a><br> </div> </div> <div id="el41_gry" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-label el-gray41 pw-gray" style="top:647px;left:422px;"> TGF-beta </div> <div id="el41_off" data-id="41" data-set="TGF-beta52" data-type="No Products Click" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-label el-off41" style="top:647px;left:422px;"> TGF-beta</div> <div id="el41_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="41"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> <a target="_blank" href="/target/tgf-beta-1">TGF-beta 1</a><br> <a target="_blank" href="/target/tgf-beta-1, 2, 3">TGF-beta 1, 2, 3</a><br> <a target="_blank" href="/target/tgf-beta-1.2">TGF-beta 1.2</a><br> <a target="_blank" href="/target/tgf-beta-1/1.2">TGF-beta 1/1.2</a><br> <a target="_blank" href="/target/tgf-beta-2">TGF-beta 2</a><br> <a target="_blank" href="/target/tgf-beta-2/1.2">TGF-beta 2/1.2</a><br> <a target="_blank" href="/target/tgf-beta-3">TGF-beta 3</a><br> <a target="_blank" href="/target/tgf-beta-5">TGF-beta 5</a><br> <a target="_blank" href="//product_results.aspx?k=TGF-beta">All TGF-beta Products</a><br> </div> </div> <div id="el42_gry" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-sprite el-gray42 pw-gray" style="top:663px;left:391px;"> </div> <div id="el42_off" data-id="42" data-set="TGF-betaR53" data-type="No Products Click" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-sprite el-off42" style="top:663px;left:391px;"> </div> <div id="el42_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="42"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> <a target="_blank" href="/target/tgf-beta-ri-alk-5">TGF-beta RI/ALK-5</a><br> <a target="_blank" href="/target/tgf-beta-rii">TGF-beta RII</a><br> <a target="_blank" href="/target/tgf-beta-riiI">TGF-beta RIII</a><br> </div> </div> <div id="el43_gry" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-label el-gray43 pw-gray" style="top:690px;left:419px;"> TGF-beta R </div> <div id="el43_off" data-id="43" data-set="TGF-betaR53" data-type="No Products Click" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-label el-off43" style="top:690px;left:419px;"> TGF-beta R</div> <div id="el43_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="43"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> <a target="_blank" href="/target/tgf-beta-ri-alk-5">TGF-beta RI/ALK-5</a><br> <a target="_blank" href="/target/tgf-beta-rii">TGF-beta RII</a><br> <a target="_blank" href="/target/tgf-beta-riiI">TGF-beta RIII</a><br> </div> </div> <div id="el44_gry" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-sprite el-gray44 pw-gray" style="top:681px;left:309px;"> </div> <div id="el44_off" data-id="44" data-set="FcepsilonRI54" data-type="No Products Click" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-sprite el-off44" style="top:681px;left:309px;"> </div> <div id="el44_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="44"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> <a target="_blank" href="/target/fc-epsilon-ri-alpha">Fc epsilon RI alpha</a><br> </div> </div> <div id="el45_gry" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-label el-gray45 pw-gray" style="top:675px;left:261px;"> Fc epsilon RI </div> <div id="el45_off" data-id="45" data-set="FcepsilonRI54" data-type="No Products Click" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-label el-off45" style="top:675px;left:261px;"> Fc epsilon RI</div> <div id="el45_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="45"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> <a target="_blank" href="/target/fc-epsilon-ri-alpha">Fc epsilon RI alpha</a><br> </div> </div> <div id="el46_gry" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-label el-gray46 pw-gray" style="top:589px;left:651px;"> IL-4 </div> <div id="el46_off" data-id="46" data-set="IL-4" data-type="No Products Click" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-label el-off46" style="top:589px;left:651px;"> IL-4</div> <div id="el46_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="46"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> <a target="_blank" href="/target/il-4">IL-4</a><br> </div> </div> <div id="el47_gry" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-sprite el-gray47 pw-gray" style="top:617px;left:620px;"> </div> <div id="el47_off" data-id="47" data-set="IL-4R61" data-type="No Products Click" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-sprite el-off47" style="top:617px;left:620px;"> </div> <div id="el47_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="47"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> <a target="_blank" href="/target/il-4-r-alpha">IL-4 R alpha</a><br> <a target="_blank" href="/target/common-gamma-chain-il-2-r-gamma">Common gamma Chain/IL-2 R gamma</a><br> </div> </div> <div id="el48_gry" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-label el-gray48 pw-gray" style="top:634px;left:660px;"> IL-4 R </div> <div id="el48_off" data-id="48" data-set="IL-4R61" data-type="No Products Click" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-label el-off48" style="top:634px;left:660px;"> IL-4 R</div> <div id="el48_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="48"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> <a target="_blank" href="/target/il-4-r-alpha">IL-4 R alpha</a><br> <a target="_blank" href="/target/common-gamma-chain-il-2-r-gamma">Common gamma Chain/IL-2 R gamma</a><br> </div> </div> <div id="el49_gry" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-sprite el-gray49 pw-gray" style="top:621px;left:575px;"> </div> <div id="el49_off" data-id="49" data-set="FcepsilonRI62" data-type="No Products Click" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-sprite el-off49" style="top:621px;left:575px;"> </div> <div id="el49_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="49"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> <a target="_blank" href="/target/fc-epsilon-ri-alpha">Fc epsilon RI alpha</a><br> </div> </div> <div id="el50_gry" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-label el-gray50 pw-gray" style="top:635px;left:509px;"> Fc epsilon RI </div> <div id="el50_off" data-id="50" data-set="FcepsilonRI62" data-type="No Products Click" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-label el-off50" style="top:635px;left:509px;"> Fc epsilon RI</div> <div id="el50_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="50"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> <a target="_blank" href="/target/fc-epsilon-ri-alpha">Fc epsilon RI alpha</a><br> </div> </div> <div id="el51_gry" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-label el-gray51 pw-gray" style="top:719px;left:644px;"> IL-4 </div> <div id="el51_off" data-id="51" data-set="IL-4" data-type="No Products Click" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-label el-off51" style="top:719px;left:644px;"> IL-4</div> <div id="el51_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="51"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> <a target="_blank" href="/target/il-4">IL-4</a><br> </div> </div> <div id="el52_gry" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-sprite el-gray52 pw-gray" style="top:741px;left:596px;"> </div> <div id="el52_off" data-id="52" data-set="IL-4R64" data-type="No Products Click" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-sprite el-off52" style="top:741px;left:596px;"> </div> <div id="el52_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="52"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> <a target="_blank" href="/target/il-4-r-alpha">IL-4 R alpha</a><br> <a target="_blank" href="/target/common-gamma-chain-il-2-r-gamma">Common gamma Chain/IL-2 R gamma</a><br> </div> </div> <div id="el53_gry" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-label el-gray53 pw-gray" style="top:751px;left:567px;"> IL-4 R </div> <div id="el53_off" data-id="53" data-set="IL-4R64" data-type="No Products Click" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-label el-off53" style="top:751px;left:567px;"> IL-4 R</div> <div id="el53_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="53"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> <a target="_blank" href="/target/il-4-r-alpha">IL-4 R alpha</a><br> <a target="_blank" href="/target/common-gamma-chain-il-2-r-gamma">Common gamma Chain/IL-2 R gamma</a><br> </div> </div> <div id="el54_gry" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-sprite el-gray54 pw-gray" style="top:766px;left:655px;"> </div> <div id="el54_off" data-id="54" data-set="FcepsilonRI65" data-type="No Products Click" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-sprite el-off54" style="top:766px;left:655px;"> </div> <div id="el54_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="54"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> <a target="_blank" href="/target/fc-epsilon-ri-alpha">Fc epsilon RI alpha</a><br> </div> </div> <div id="el55_gry" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-label el-gray55 pw-gray" style="top:792px;left:670px;"> Fc epsilon RI </div> <div id="el55_off" data-id="55" data-set="FcepsilonRI65" data-type="No Products Click" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-label el-off55" style="top:792px;left:670px;"> Fc epsilon RI</div> <div id="el55_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="55"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> <a target="_blank" href="/target/fc-epsilon-ri-alpha">Fc epsilon RI alpha</a><br> </div> </div> <div id="el56_gry" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-sprite el-gray56 pw-gray" style="top:863px;left:566px;"> </div> <div id="el56_off" data-id="56" data-set="VCAM-1CD10666" data-type="No Products Click" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-sprite el-off56" style="top:863px;left:566px;"> </div> <div id="el56_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="56"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> <a target="_blank" href="/target/vcam-1-cd106">VCAM-1/CD106</a><br> </div> </div> <div id="el57_gry" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-label el-gray57 pw-gray" style="top:866px;left:607px;"> VCAM-1 </div> <div id="el57_off" data-id="57" data-set="VCAM-1CD10666" data-type="No Products Click" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-label el-off57" style="top:866px;left:607px;"> VCAM-1</div> <div id="el57_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="57"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> <a target="_blank" href="/target/vcam-1-cd106">VCAM-1/CD106</a><br> </div> </div> <div id="el58_gry" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-label2 el-gray58 pw-gray" style="top:32px;left:67px;"> <div style="text-align:center;font-weight: bold;color:#000000;">Regulates Activated<br>T Cell Proliferation</div> </div> <div id="el58_off" data-id="58" data-set="RegulatesActivatedbrTCellProliferation" data-type="" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-label2 el-off58" style="top:32px;left:67px;"> <div style="text-align:center;font-weight: bold;color:#000000;">Regulates Activated<br>T Cell Proliferation</div></div> <div id="el58_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="58"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> </div> </div> <div id="el59_gry" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-label2 el-gray59 pw-gray" style="top:185px;left:133px;"> Activated T Cell </div> <div id="el59_off" data-id="59" data-set="ActivatedTCell" data-type="" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-label2 el-off59" style="top:185px;left:133px;"> Activated T Cell</div> <div id="el59_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="59"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> </div> </div> <div id="el60_gry" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-label2 el-gray60 pw-gray" style="top:498px;left:64px;"> <h2 class="pw_txtBox">Proliferation/Survival</h2> </div> <div id="el60_off" data-id="60" data-set="ProliferationSurvival" data-type="" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-label2 el-off60" style="top:498px;left:64px;"> <h2 class="pw_txtBox">Proliferation/Survival</h2></div> <div id="el60_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="60"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> </div> </div> <div id="el61_gry" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-label2 el-gray61 pw-gray" style="top:33px;left:315px;"> <div style="text-align:center;font-weight: bold;color:#000000;">Promotes Th2 or Th9<br>Differentiation</div> </div> <div id="el61_off" data-id="61" data-set="PromotesTh2orTh9brDifferentiation" data-type="" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-label2 el-off61" style="top:33px;left:315px;"> <div style="text-align:center;font-weight: bold;color:#000000;">Promotes Th2 or Th9<br>Differentiation</div></div> <div id="el61_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="61"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> </div> </div> <div id="el62_gry" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-label2 el-gray62 pw-gray" style="top:75px;left:261px;"> Dendritic Cell </div> <div id="el62_off" data-id="62" data-set="DendriticCell" data-type="" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-label2 el-off62" style="top:75px;left:261px;"> Dendritic Cell</div> <div id="el62_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="62"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> </div> </div> <div id="el63_gry" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-label2 el-gray63 pw-gray" style="top:152px;left:393px;"> Naive T Cell </div> <div id="el63_off" data-id="63" data-set="NaiveTCell" data-type="" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-label2 el-off63" style="top:152px;left:393px;"> Naive T Cell</div> <div id="el63_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="63"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> </div> </div> <div id="el64_gry" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-label2 el-gray64 pw-gray" style="top:266px;left:258px;"> Th2 Cell </div> <div id="el64_off" data-id="64" data-set="Th2Cell" data-type="" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-label2 el-off64" style="top:266px;left:258px;"> Th2 Cell</div> <div id="el64_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="64"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> </div> </div> <div id="el65_gry" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-label2 el-gray65 pw-gray" style="top:446px;left:421px;"> Th9 Cell </div> <div id="el65_off" data-id="65" data-set="Th9Cell" data-type="" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-label2 el-off65" style="top:446px;left:421px;"> Th9 Cell</div> <div id="el65_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="65"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> </div> </div> <div id="el66_gry" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-label2 el-gray66 pw-gray" style="top:497px;left:304px;"> <h2 class="pw_txtBox">Th2 or Th9 Differentiation</h2> </div> <div id="el66_off" data-id="66" data-set="Th2orTh9Differentiation" data-type="" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-label2 el-off66" style="top:497px;left:304px;"> <h2 class="pw_txtBox">Th2 or Th9 Differentiation</h2></div> <div id="el66_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="66"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> </div> </div> <div id="el67_gry" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-label2 el-gray67 pw-gray" style="top:34px;left:576px;"> <div style="text-align:center;font-weight: bold;color:#000000;">Promotes B Cell<br>Proliferation</div> </div> <div id="el67_off" data-id="67" data-set="PromotesBCellbrProliferation" data-type="" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-label2 el-off67" style="top:34px;left:576px;"> <div style="text-align:center;font-weight: bold;color:#000000;">Promotes B Cell<br>Proliferation</div></div> <div id="el67_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="67"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> </div> </div> <div id="el68_gry" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-label2 el-gray68 pw-gray" style="top:181px;left:659px;"> B Cell </div> <div id="el68_off" data-id="68" data-set="BCell" data-type="" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-label2 el-off68" style="top:181px;left:659px;"> B Cell</div> <div id="el68_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="68"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> </div> </div> <div id="el69_gry" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-label2 el-gray69 pw-gray" style="top:498px;left:590px;"> <h2 class="pw_txtBox">Proliferation</h2> </div> <div id="el69_off" data-id="69" data-set="Proliferation" data-type="" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-label2 el-off69" style="top:498px;left:590px;"> <h2 class="pw_txtBox">Proliferation</h2></div> <div id="el69_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="69"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> </div> </div> <div id="el70_gry" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-label2 el-gray70 pw-gray" style="top:543px;left:33px;"> <div style="text-align:center;font-weight: bold;color:#000000;">Regulates Immunoglobulin<br>Production & Class Switching</div> </div> <div id="el70_off" data-id="70" data-set="RegulatesImmunoglobulinbrProductionClassSwitching" data-type="" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-label2 el-off70" style="top:543px;left:33px;"> <div style="text-align:center;font-weight: bold;color:#000000;">Regulates Immunoglobulin<br>Production & Class Switching</div></div> <div id="el70_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="70"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> </div> </div> <div id="el71_gry" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-label2 el-gray71 pw-gray" style="top:737px;left:131px;"> Activated B Cell </div> <div id="el71_off" data-id="71" data-set="ActivatedBCell" data-type="" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-label2 el-off71" style="top:737px;left:131px;"> Activated B Cell</div> <div id="el71_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="71"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> </div> </div> <div id="el72_gry" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-label2 el-gray72 pw-gray" style="top:861px;left:50px;"> Plasma Cell </div> <div id="el72_off" data-id="72" data-set="PlasmaCell" data-type="" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-label2 el-off72" style="top:861px;left:50px;"> Plasma Cell</div> <div id="el72_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="72"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> </div> </div> <div id="el73_gry" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-label2 pw-center el-gray73 pw-gray" style="top:973px;left:56px;"> <h2 class="pw_txtBox">IgG<sub>1</sub>, IgG<sub>2A</sub>, IgG<sub>2B</sub>, IgE <br>Production</h2> </div> <div id="el73_off" data-id="73" data-set="Ig133" data-type="" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-label2 pw-center el-off73" style="top:973px;left:56px;"> <h2 class="pw_txtBox">IgG<sub>1</sub>, IgG<sub>2A</sub>, IgG<sub>2B</sub>, IgE <br>Production</h2></div> <div id="el73_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="73"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> </div> </div> <div id="el74_gry" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-label2 el-gray74 pw-gray" style="top:543px;left:288px;"> <div style="text-align:center;font-weight: bold;color:#000000;">Promotes Mast Cell Survival<br>& Proliferation</div> </div> <div id="el74_off" data-id="74" data-set="PromotesMastCellSurvivalbrProliferation" data-type="" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-label2 el-off74" style="top:543px;left:288px;"> <div style="text-align:center;font-weight: bold;color:#000000;">Promotes Mast Cell Survival<br>& Proliferation</div></div> <div id="el74_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="74"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> </div> </div> <div id="el75_gry" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-label2 el-gray75 pw-gray" style="top:753px;left:300px;"> Mast Cell </div> <div id="el75_off" data-id="75" data-set="MastCell" data-type="" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-label2 el-off75" style="top:753px;left:300px;"> Mast Cell</div> <div id="el75_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="75"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> </div> </div> <div id="el76_gry" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-label2 el-gray76 pw-gray" style="top:789px;left:429px;"> <h2 class="pw_txtBox">Apoptosis</h2> </div> <div id="el76_off" data-id="76" data-set="Apoptosis" data-type="" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-label2 el-off76" style="top:789px;left:429px;"> <h2 class="pw_txtBox">Apoptosis</h2></div> <div id="el76_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="76"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> </div> </div> <div id="el77_gry" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-label2 el-gray77 pw-gray" style="top:993px;left:321px;"> <h2 class="pw_txtBox">Proliferation/Survival</h2> </div> <div id="el77_off" data-id="77" data-set="ProliferationSurvival" data-type="" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-label2 el-off77" style="top:993px;left:321px;"> <h2 class="pw_txtBox">Proliferation/Survival</h2></div> <div id="el77_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="77"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> </div> </div> <div id="el78_gry" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-label2 el-gray78 pw-gray" style="top:543px;left:519px;"> <div style="text-align:center;font-weight: bold;color:#000000;">Regulates Priming & Chemotaxis<br>of Mast Cells & Basophils</div> </div> <div id="el78_off" data-id="78" data-set="RegulatesPrimingChemotaxisbrofMastCellsBasophils" data-type="" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-label2 el-off78" style="top:543px;left:519px;"> <div style="text-align:center;font-weight: bold;color:#000000;">Regulates Priming & Chemotaxis<br>of Mast Cells & Basophils</div></div> <div id="el78_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="78"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> </div> </div> <div id="el79_gry" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-label2 el-gray79 pw-gray" style="top:696px;left:525px;"> Mast Cell </div> <div id="el79_off" data-id="79" data-set="MastCell" data-type="" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-label2 el-off79" style="top:696px;left:525px;"> Mast Cell</div> <div id="el79_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="79"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> </div> </div> <div id="el80_gry" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-label2 el-gray80 pw-gray" style="top:846px;left:656px;"> Basophil </div> <div id="el80_off" data-id="80" data-set="Basophil" data-type="" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-label2 el-off80" style="top:846px;left:656px;"> Basophil</div> <div id="el80_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="80"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> </div> </div> <div id="el81_gry" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-label2 pw-center el-gray81 pw-gray" style="top:917px;left:648px;"> <h2 class="pw_txtBox">To Inflammation<br>Site</h2> </div> <div id="el81_off" data-id="81" data-set="ToInflammationbrSite" data-type="" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-label2 pw-center el-off81" style="top:917px;left:648px;"> <h2 class="pw_txtBox">To Inflammation<br>Site</h2></div> <div id="el81_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="81"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> </div> </div> <div id="el82_gry" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-label2 pw-center el-gray82 pw-gray" style="top:978px;left:588px;"> <h2 class="pw_txtBox">Mast Cell & Basophil<br>Priming/Chemotaxis</h2> </div> <div id="el82_off" data-id="82" data-set="MastCellBasophilbrPrimingChemotaxis" data-type="" class="commongammachain_il4_effects pw-label2 pw-center el-off82" style="top:978px;left:588px;"> <h2 class="pw_txtBox">Mast Cell & Basophil<br>Priming/Chemotaxis</h2></div> <div id="el82_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="82"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> </div> </div> </div> <div id="pw-img"> <img id="cont-img" src="https://resources.rndsystems.com/images/Pathways/pathway-images/gamma_chain_il4_effects.png" alt="IL-4 Signaling Pathways and their Primary Biological Effects in Different Immune Cell Types" style="height:1081px"> </div> </div> <div id="pathway-description"><h2>Overview of IL-4 Signaling and its Primary Biological Effects in Different Immune Cell Types</h2><p><p>Interleukin-4 (IL-4) is a glycosylated, type I cytokine with three intra-chain disulfide bridges that adopts a bundled four alpha-helix structure. It is primarily produced by T cells, natural killer T cells, mast cells, and eosinophils. IL-4 initiates signal transduction through one of two different receptor complexes, a type I receptor expressed on hematopoietic cells or a type II receptor expressed on nonhematopoietic cells. The type I receptor consists of the IL-4 R alpha and common gamma-chain/IL-2 R gamma subunits and is specific for IL-4, while the type II receptor consists of the IL-4 R alpha and IL-13 R alpha 1 subunits and can be activated by either IL-4 or IL-13. IL-4 signaling is required for the differentiation of Th2 and Th9 cells and regulates immunoglobulin class switching. In addition, IL-4 plays a central role in the development of allergic inflammation and asthma by enhancing the expression of Fc epsilon RI on B cells, mast cells, and basophils, promoting mast cell survival and proliferation, and inducing mast cell, basophil, and eosinophil chemotaxis.</p> <p>To learn more, please visit our <a href="https://www.rndsystems.com/research-area/common-gamma-chain-receptor-family">Common gamma Chain Receptor Family Research Area</a>.</p></p></div> <div id="print-copy-form" class="accordion-wrapper"> <h3 class="builder-header builder-bead-type ui-accordion-header ui-helper-reset ui-state-default ui-corner-all ui-accordion-icons" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#collapsePathwayRequest" aria-expanded="false" id="pathwayRequestAccordionHeader"> <span class="ui-accordion-header-icon" id="accordionArrow"></span> Get Print Copy of this Pathway </h3> <div class="collapse" id="collapsePathwayRequest"> <div id="pathwayRequestWebformWrapper"> <form class="webform-client-form webform-client-form-27981" action="/pathways/il-4-signaling-pathways-their-primary-biological-effects-in-different-immune-cell-types" method="post" id="webform-client-form-27981" accept-charset="UTF-8"><div><div class="form-item webform-component webform-component-textfield webform-component--first-name form-group form-item form-item-submitted-first-name form-type-textfield form-group"> <label class="control-label" for="edit-submitted-first-name">First Name <span class="form-required" title="This field is required.">*</span></label> <input required="required" class="form-control form-text required" type="text" id="edit-submitted-first-name" name="submitted[first_name]" value="" size="60" maxlength="128" /></div><div class="form-item webform-component webform-component-textfield webform-component--last-name form-group form-item form-item-submitted-last-name form-type-textfield form-group"> <label class="control-label" for="edit-submitted-last-name">Last Name <span class="form-required" title="This field is required.">*</span></label> <input required="required" class="form-control form-text required" type="text" id="edit-submitted-last-name" name="submitted[last_name]" value="" size="60" maxlength="128" /></div><div class="form-item webform-component webform-component-email webform-component--email-address form-group form-item form-item-submitted-email-address form-type-webform-email form-group"> <label class="control-label" for="edit-submitted-email-address">Email Address <span class="form-required" title="This field is required.">*</span></label> <input required="required" class="email form-control form-text form-email required" type="email" id="edit-submitted-email-address" name="submitted[email_address]" size="60" /></div><div class="form-item webform-component webform-component-textfield webform-component--institution form-group form-item form-item-submitted-institution form-type-textfield form-group"> <label class="control-label" for="edit-submitted-institution">Institution <span class="form-required" title="This field is required.">*</span></label> <input required="required" class="form-control form-text required" type="text" id="edit-submitted-institution" name="submitted[institution]" value="" size="60" maxlength="128" /></div><div class="form-item webform-component webform-component-textfield webform-component--job-title form-group form-item form-item-submitted-job-title form-type-textfield form-group"> <label class="control-label" for="edit-submitted-job-title">Job Title</label> <input class="form-control form-text" type="text" id="edit-submitted-job-title" name="submitted[job_title]" value="" size="60" maxlength="128" /></div><div class="form-item webform-component webform-component-textfield webform-component--department form-group form-item form-item-submitted-department form-type-textfield form-group"> <label class="control-label" for="edit-submitted-department">Department</label> <input class="form-control form-text" type="text" id="edit-submitted-department" name="submitted[department]" value="" size="60" maxlength="128" /></div><div class="form-item webform-component webform-component-textfield webform-component--address-1 form-group form-item form-item-submitted-address-1 form-type-textfield form-group"> <label class="control-label" for="edit-submitted-address-1">Address 1 <span class="form-required" title="This field is required.">*</span></label> <input required="required" class="form-control form-text required" type="text" id="edit-submitted-address-1" name="submitted[address_1]" value="" size="60" maxlength="128" /></div><div class="form-item webform-component webform-component-textfield webform-component--address-2 form-group form-item form-item-submitted-address-2 form-type-textfield form-group"> <label class="control-label" for="edit-submitted-address-2">Address 2</label> <input class="form-control form-text" type="text" id="edit-submitted-address-2" name="submitted[address_2]" value="" size="60" maxlength="128" /></div><div class="form-item webform-component webform-component-textfield webform-component--city form-group form-item form-item-submitted-city form-type-textfield form-group"> <label class="control-label" for="edit-submitted-city">City <span class="form-required" title="This field is required.">*</span></label> <input required="required" class="form-control form-text required" type="text" id="edit-submitted-city" name="submitted[city]" value="" size="60" maxlength="128" /></div><div class="form-item webform-component webform-component-select webform-component--state form-group form-item form-item-submitted-state form-type-select form-group"> <label class="control-label" for="edit-submitted-state">State</label> <div class="select_wrapper"><select class="form-control form-select" id="edit-submitted-state" name="submitted[state]"><option value="" selected="selected">- None -</option><option value="AL">Alabama</option><option value="AK">Alaska</option><option value="AS">American Samoa</option><option value="AZ">Arizona</option><option value="AR">Arkansas</option><option value="CA">California</option><option value="CO">Colorado</option><option value="CT">Connecticut</option><option value="DE">Delaware</option><option value="DC">District of Columbia</option><option value="FL">Florida</option><option value="GA">Georgia</option><option value="GU">Guam</option><option value="HI">Hawaii</option><option value="ID">Idaho</option><option value="IL">Illinois</option><option value="IN">Indiana</option><option value="IA">Iowa</option><option value="KS">Kansas</option><option value="KY">Kentucky</option><option value="LA">Louisiana</option><option value="ME">Maine</option><option value="MH">Marshall Islands</option><option value="MD">Maryland</option><option value="MA">Massachusetts</option><option value="MI">Michigan</option><option value="MN">Minnesota</option><option value="MS">Mississippi</option><option value="MO">Missouri</option><option value="MT">Montana</option><option value="NE">Nebraska</option><option value="NV">Nevada</option><option value="NH">New Hampshire</option><option value="NJ">New Jersey</option><option value="NM">New Mexico</option><option value="NY">New York</option><option value="NC">North Carolina</option><option value="ND">North Dakota</option><option value="MP">Northern Marianas Islands</option><option value="OH">Ohio</option><option value="OK">Oklahoma</option><option value="OR">Oregon</option><option value="PW">Palau</option><option value="PA">Pennsylvania</option><option value="PR">Puerto Rico</option><option value="RI">Rhode Island</option><option value="SC">South Carolina</option><option value="SD">South Dakota</option><option value="TN">Tennessee</option><option value="TX">Texas</option><option value="UT">Utah</option><option value="VT">Vermont</option><option value="VI">Virgin Islands</option><option value="VA">Virginia</option><option value="WA">Washington</option><option value="WV">West Virginia</option><option value="WI">Wisconsin</option><option value="WY">Wyoming</option></select></div></div><div class="form-item webform-component webform-component-textfield webform-component--postal-code form-group form-item form-item-submitted-postal-code form-type-textfield form-group"> <label class="control-label" for="edit-submitted-postal-code">Postal Code <span class="form-required" title="This field is required.">*</span></label> <input required="required" class="form-control form-text required" type="text" id="edit-submitted-postal-code" name="submitted[postal_code]" value="" size="60" maxlength="128" /></div><div class="form-item webform-component webform-component-select webform-component--country form-group form-item form-item-submitted-country form-type-select form-group"> <label class="control-label" for="edit-submitted-country">Country</label> <div class="select_wrapper"><select class="form-control form-select" id="edit-submitted-country" name="submitted[country]"><option value="" selected="selected">- None -</option><option value="AL">Albania</option><option value="DZ">Algeria</option><option value="AD">Andorra</option><option value="AO">Angola</option><option value="AG">Antigua and Barbuda</option><option value="AR">Argentina</option><option value="AM">Armenia</option><option value="AW">Aruba</option><option value="AU">Australia</option><option value="AT">Austria</option><option value="AZ">Azerbaijan</option><option value="BS">Bahamas</option><option value="BH">Bahrain</option><option value="BD">Bangladesh</option><option value="BB">Barbados</option><option value="BE">Belgium</option><option value="BZ">Belize</option><option value="BJ">Benin</option><option value="BM">Bermuda</option><option value="BO">Bolivia</option><option value="BA">Bosnia and Herzegovina</option><option value="BW">Botswana</option><option value="BR">Brazil</option><option value="BN">Brunei</option><option value="BG">Bulgaria</option><option value="BF">Burkina Faso</option><option value="BI">Burundi</option><option value="KH">Cambodia</option><option value="CM">Cameroon</option><option value="CA">Canada</option><option value="KY">Cayman Islands</option><option value="CF">Central African Republic</option><option value="TD">Chad</option><option value="CL">Chile</option><option value="CN">China</option><option value="CO">Colombia</option><option value="CR">Costa Rica</option><option value="HR">Croatia</option><option value="CY">Cyprus</option><option value="CZ">Czech Republic</option><option value="DK">Denmark</option><option value="DJ">Djibouti</option><option value="DM">Dominica</option><option value="DO">Dominican Republic</option><option value="EC">Ecuador</option><option value="EG">Egypt</option><option value="SV">El Salvador</option><option value="GQ">Equatorial Guinea</option><option value="ER">Eritrea</option><option value="EE">Estonia</option><option value="ET">Ethiopia</option><option value="FK">Falkland Islands</option><option value="FJ">Fiji</option><option value="FI">Finland</option><option value="FR">France</option><option value="PF">French Polynesia</option><option value="GA">Gabon</option><option value="GM">Gambia</option><option value="GE">Georgia</option><option value="DE">Germany</option><option value="GH">Ghana</option><option value="GI">Gibraltar</option><option value="GR">Greece</option><option value="GD">Grenada</option><option value="GP">Guadeloupe</option><option value="GU">Guam</option><option value="GT">Guatemala</option><option value="GN">Guinea</option><option value="GW">Guinea-Bissau</option><option value="GY">Guyana</option><option value="HT">Haiti</option><option value="HN">Honduras</option><option value="HK">Hong Kong S.A.R., China</option><option value="HU">Hungary</option><option value="IS">Iceland</option><option value="IN">India</option><option value="ID">Indonesia</option><option value="IQ">Iraq</option><option value="IE">Ireland</option><option value="IL">Israel</option><option value="IT">Italy</option><option value="CI">Ivory Coast</option><option value="JM">Jamaica</option><option value="JP">Japan</option><option value="JO">Jordan</option><option value="KZ">Kazakhstan</option><option value="KE">Kenya</option><option value="KW">Kuwait</option><option value="KG">Kyrgyzstan</option><option value="LV">Latvia</option><option value="LB">Lebanon</option><option value="LS">Lesotho</option><option value="LR">Liberia</option><option value="LI">Liechtenstein</option><option value="LT">Lithuania</option><option value="LU">Luxembourg</option><option value="MK">Macedonia</option><option value="MG">Madagascar</option><option value="MW">Malawi</option><option value="MY">Malaysia</option><option value="ML">Mali</option><option value="MT">Malta</option><option value="MH">Marshall Islands</option><option value="MR">Mauritania</option><option value="MX">Mexico</option><option value="MD">Moldova</option><option value="MC">Monaco</option><option value="MN">Mongolia</option><option value="ME">Montenegro</option><option value="MA">Morocco</option><option value="MZ">Mozambique</option><option value="MM">Myanmar</option><option value="NA">Namibia</option><option value="NP">Nepal</option><option value="NL">Netherlands</option><option value="AN">Netherlands Antilles</option><option value="NC">New Caledonia</option><option value="NZ">New Zealand</option><option value="NI">Nicaragua</option><option value="NE">Niger</option><option value="NG">Nigeria</option><option value="MP">Northern Mariana Islands</option><option value="NO">Norway</option><option value="OM">Oman</option><option value="PK">Pakistan</option><option value="PW">Palau</option><option value="PA">Panama</option><option value="PG">Papua New Guinea</option><option value="PY">Paraguay</option><option value="PE">Peru</option><option 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IL-4 Signaling and its Effects in Immune Cell Types: R&D Systems