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aria-controls="toc-Definition-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Definition subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Definition-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Asia–Europe_boundary" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Asia–Europe_boundary"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Asia–Europe boundary</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Asia–Europe_boundary-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Asia–Africa_boundary" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Asia–Africa_boundary"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Asia–Africa boundary</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Asia–Africa_boundary-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Asia–Oceania_boundary" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Asia–Oceania_boundary"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Asia–Oceania boundary</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Asia–Oceania_boundary-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Asia–North_America_boundary" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Asia–North_America_boundary"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Asia–North America boundary</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Asia–North_America_boundary-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ongoing_definition" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ongoing_definition"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Ongoing definition</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ongoing_definition-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ancient_era" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ancient_era"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Ancient era</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ancient_era-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Medieval_era" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Medieval_era"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Medieval era</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Medieval_era-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Modern_era" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Modern_era"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Modern era</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Modern_era-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Contemporary_era" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Contemporary_era"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Contemporary era</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Contemporary_era-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Geography</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Geography subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Main_regions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Main_regions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Main regions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Main_regions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Climate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Climate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Climate_change" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate_change"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.1</span> <span>Climate change</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate_change-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Politics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Politics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Politics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Politics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-List_of_states_and_territories" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#List_of_states_and_territories"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>List of states and territories</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-List_of_states_and_territories-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Economy</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Economy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Economy subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Tourism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tourism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Tourism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tourism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Demographics</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Demographics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Languages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Languages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Languages</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Languages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Religions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>Religions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Abrahamic" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Abrahamic"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2.1</span> <span>Abrahamic</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Abrahamic-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Indian_and_East_Asian_religions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Indian_and_East_Asian_religions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2.2</span> <span>Indian and East Asian religions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Indian_and_East_Asian_religions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Culture</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Culture-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Culture subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Nobel_laureates" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nobel_laureates"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>Nobel laureates</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nobel_laureates-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Asia</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 305 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-305" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">305 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia" title="Asia – Acehnese" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Asia" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="Acehnese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbd mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%8D" title="Азиэ – Kabardian" lang="kbd" hreflang="kbd" data-title="Азиэ" data-language-autonym="Адыгэбзэ" data-language-local-name="Kabardian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгэбзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ady mw-list-item"><a href="https://ady.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Азие – Adyghe" lang="ady" hreflang="ady" data-title="Азие" data-language-autonym="Адыгабзэ" data-language-local-name="Adyghe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгабзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asi%C3%AB" title="Asië – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Asië" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asien" title="Asien – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Asien" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8A%A5%E1%88%B5%E1%8B%AB" title="እስያ – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="እስያ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aasia" title="Aasia – Inari Sami" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Aasia" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="Inari Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="एशिया – Angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="एशिया" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="Angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia" title="Asia – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Asia" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B0" title="Азиа – Abkhazian" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Азиа" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="Abkhazian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="آسيا – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="آسيا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia" title="Asia – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Asia" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%90%DC%A3%DC%9D%DC%90_(%DC%9D%DC%92%DC%AB%DC%AC%DC%90)" title="ܐܣܝܐ (ܝܒܫܬܐ) – Aramaic" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܐܣܝܐ (ܝܒܫܬܐ)" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="Aramaic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%BD%D5%AB%D5%A1" title="Ասիա – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Ասիա" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia" title="Asia – Aromanian" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Asia" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="Aromanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia" title="Asia – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Asia" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%9B%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE" title="এছিয়া – Assamese" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="এছিয়া" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia" title="Asia – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Asia" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81sia" title="Ásia – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Ásia" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Азия – Avaric" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Азия" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="Avaric" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asya" title="Asya – Aymara" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Asya" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="Aymara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asiya" title="Asiya – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Asiya" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="آسیا – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="آسیا" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia" title="Asia – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Asia" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bm mw-list-item"><a href="https://bm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia" title="Asia – Bambara" lang="bm" hreflang="bm" data-title="Asia" data-language-autonym="Bamanankan" data-language-local-name="Bambara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bamanankan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE" title="এশিয়া – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="এশিয়া" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia" title="Asia – Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Asia" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/A-chiu" title="A-chiu – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="A-chiu" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia" title="Asia – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Asia" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Азия – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Азия" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B7%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Азія – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Азія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B7%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Азія – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Азія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="एशिया – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="एशिया" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asya" title="Asya – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Asya" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esia" title="Esia – Bislama" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="Esia" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="Bislama" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bislama</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Азия – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Азия" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asien" title="Asien – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Asien" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A8%E0%BD%BA%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A4%E0%BD%BA%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A1%E0%BC%8D" title="ཨེ་ཤེ་ཡ། – Tibetan" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཨེ་ཤེ་ཡ།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibetan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azija" title="Azija – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Azija" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azia" title="Azia – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Azia" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8" title="Ази – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Ази" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%80sia" title="Àsia – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Àsia" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8" title="Ази – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Ази" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asya" title="Asya – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Asya" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asie" title="Asie – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Asie" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ch mw-list-item"><a href="https://ch.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia" title="Asia – Chamorro" lang="ch" hreflang="ch" data-title="Asia" data-language-autonym="Chamoru" data-language-local-name="Chamorro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chamoru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cbk-zam mw-list-item"><a href="https://cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia" title="Asia – Chavacano" lang="cbk" hreflang="cbk" data-title="Asia" data-language-autonym="Chavacano de Zamboanga" data-language-local-name="Chavacano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chavacano de Zamboanga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ny mw-list-item"><a href="https://ny.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia" title="Asia – Nyanja" lang="ny" hreflang="ny" data-title="Asia" data-language-autonym="Chi-Chewa" data-language-local-name="Nyanja" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chi-Chewa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ezhiya" title="Ezhiya – Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Ezhiya" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tum mw-list-item"><a href="https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia" title="Asia – Tumbuka" lang="tum" hreflang="tum" data-title="Asia" data-language-autonym="ChiTumbuka" data-language-local-name="Tumbuka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiTumbuka</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia" title="Asia – Corsican" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Asia" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Corsican" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia" title="Asia – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Asia" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asien" title="Asien – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Asien" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="أسيا – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="أسيا" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81sia" title="Ásia – Northern Sami" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Ásia" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Northern Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pdc mw-list-item"><a href="https://pdc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asie" title="Asie – Pennsylvania German" lang="pdc" hreflang="pdc" data-title="Asie" data-language-autonym="Deitsch" data-language-local-name="Pennsylvania German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deitsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asien" title="Asien – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Asien" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%87%DE%AD%DE%9D%DE%A8%DE%87%DE%A7" title="އޭޝިއާ – Divehi" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="އޭޝިއާ" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="Divehi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/(*%22asia%22)" title="(*"asia") – Navajo" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="(*"asia")" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="Navajo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azija" title="Azija – Lower Sorbian" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Azija" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="Lower Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="एसिया – Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="एसिया" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>डोटेली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dz mw-list-item"><a href="https://dz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A8%E0%BD%BA%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A6%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A1%E0%BC%8B" title="ཨེ་སི་ཡ་ – Dzongkha" lang="dz" hreflang="dz" data-title="ཨེ་སི་ཡ་" data-language-autonym="ཇོང་ཁ" data-language-local-name="Dzongkha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ཇོང་ཁ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aasia" title="Aasia – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Aasia" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CF%83%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Ασία – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ασία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia" title="Asia – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Asia" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Азия Мастор – Erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Азия Мастор" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="Erzya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia" title="Asia – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Asia" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azio" title="Azio – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Azio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81sia" title="Ásia – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Ásia" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia" title="Asia – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Asia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="آسیا – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="آسیا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia" title="Asia – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Asia" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia" title="Asia – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Asia" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asie" title="Asie – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Asie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aazje" title="Aazje – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Aazje" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ff mw-list-item"><a href="https://ff.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aasiya" title="Aasiya – Fula" lang="ff" hreflang="ff" data-title="Aasiya" data-language-autonym="Fulfulde" data-language-local-name="Fula" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fulfulde</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asie" title="Asie – Friulian" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Asie" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="Friulian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_%C3%81ise" title="An Áise – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="An Áise" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yn_Aishey" title="Yn Aishey – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Yn Aishey" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aziya" title="Aziya – Gagauz" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="Aziya" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="Gagauz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagauz</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%80isia" title="Àisia – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Àisia" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia" title="Asia – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Asia" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8" title="Ази – Ingush" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Ази" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="Ingush" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%9E%E6%B4%B2" title="亞洲 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="亞洲" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-glk mw-list-item"><a href="https://glk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="آسيا – Gilaki" lang="glk" hreflang="glk" data-title="آسيا" data-language-autonym="گیلکی" data-language-local-name="Gilaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>گیلکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%8F%E0%AA%B6%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%AF%E0%AA%BE" title="એશિયા – Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="એશિયા" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-got mw-list-item"><a href="https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8D%83%F0%90%8C%B9%F0%90%8C%B0" title="𐌰𐍃𐌹𐌰 – Gothic" lang="got" hreflang="got" data-title="𐌰𐍃𐌹𐌰" data-language-autonym="𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺" data-language-local-name="Gothic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A1" title="आशिया खंड – Goan Konkani" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="आशिया खंड" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="Goan Konkani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%82-ch%C3%BB" title="Â-chû – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Â-chû" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Азия – Kalmyk" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title="Азия" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="Kalmyk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Хальмг</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%84%EC%8B%9C%EC%95%84" title="아시아 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="아시아" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asiya" title="Asiya – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Asiya" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CA%BB%C4%80kia" title="ʻĀkia – Hawaiian" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="ʻĀkia" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="Hawaiian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hawaiʻi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%BD%D5%AB%D5%A1" title="Ասիա – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ասիա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="एशिया – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="एशिया" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azija" title="Azija – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Azija" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azija" title="Azija – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Azija" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gor mw-list-item"><a href="https://gor.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia" title="Asia – Gorontalo" lang="gor" hreflang="gor" data-title="Asia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Hulontalo" data-language-local-name="Gorontalo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Hulontalo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azia" title="Azia – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Azia" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia" title="Asia – Igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Asia" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="Igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia" title="Asia – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Asia" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE" title="এশিয়া – Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="এশিয়া" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="Bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia" title="Asia – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Asia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia" title="Asia – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Asia" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia" title="Asia – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Asia" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iu mw-list-item"><a href="https://iu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%90%8A%E1%93%B0%E1%90%8A" title="ᐊᓰᐊ – Inuktitut" lang="iu" hreflang="iu" data-title="ᐊᓰᐊ" data-language-autonym="ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut" data-language-local-name="Inuktitut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8" title="Ази – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Ази" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/I-Eshiya" title="I-Eshiya – Xhosa" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="I-Eshiya" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="Xhosa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/I-Eshiya" title="I-Eshiya – Zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="I-Eshiya" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/As%C3%ADa" title="Asía – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Asía" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia" title="Asia – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Asia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%94" title="אסיה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אסיה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia" title="Asia – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Asia" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aazii_t%C9%9Bt%CA%8B_wandamm" title="Aazii tɛtʋ wandamm – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Aazii tɛtʋ wandamm" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%8F%E0%B2%B7%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%BE" title="ಏಷ್ಯಾ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಏಷ್ಯಾ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia" title="Asia – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Asia" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Азия – Karachay-Balkar" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Азия" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="Karachay-Balkar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%96%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="აზია – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="აზია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B4%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="ایشیا – Kashmiri" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="ایشیا" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="Kashmiri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Az%C3%ABj%C3%B4" title="Azëjô – Kashubian" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Azëjô" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="Kashubian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Азия – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Азия" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asi" title="Asi – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Asi" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aziya" title="Aziya – Kinyarwanda" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Aziya" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="Kinyarwanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikinyarwanda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia" title="Asia – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Asia" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Азия – Komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Азия" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="Komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azia" title="Azia – Kongo" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Azia" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="Kongo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia" title="Asia – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Asia" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azi" title="Azi – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Azi" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lazi" title="Lazi – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Lazi" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asya" title="Asya – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Asya" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Азия – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Азия" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8" title="Ази – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Ази" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia" title="Asia – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Asia" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asya" title="Asya – Ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Asya" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="Ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lbe mw-list-item"><a href="https://lbe.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Азия – Lak" lang="lbe" hreflang="lbe" data-title="Азия" data-language-autonym="Лакку" data-language-local-name="Lak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лакку</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%AD%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%8A%E0%BA%B5" title="ອາຊີ – Lao" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ອາຊີ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Lao" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ltg mw-list-item"><a href="https://ltg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azeja" title="Azeja – Latgalian" lang="ltg" hreflang="ltg" data-title="Azeja" data-language-autonym="Latgaļu" data-language-local-name="Latgalian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latgaļu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia" title="Asia – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Asia" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%80zija" title="Āzija – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Āzija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asien" title="Asien – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Asien" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Азия – Lezghian" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Азия" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="Lezghian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azija" title="Azija – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Azija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nia mw-list-item"><a href="https://nia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia" title="Asia – Nias" lang="nia" hreflang="nia" data-title="Asia" data-language-autonym="Li Niha" data-language-local-name="Nias" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Li Niha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia" title="Asia – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Asia" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azi%C3%AB" title="Azië – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Azië" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Az%C3%ADa" title="Azía – Lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Azía" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="Lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia" title="Asia – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Asia" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aazii" title="Aazii – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Aazii" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/zdotu%27a" title="zdotu'a – Lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="zdotu'a" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="Lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lg mw-list-item"><a href="https://lg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia" title="Asia – Ganda" lang="lg" hreflang="lg" data-title="Asia" data-language-autonym="Luganda" data-language-local-name="Ganda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Luganda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia" title="Asia – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Asia" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81zsia" title="Ázsia – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Ázsia" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mad mw-list-item"><a href="https://mad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia" title="Asia – Madurese" lang="mad" hreflang="mad" data-title="Asia" data-language-autonym="Madhurâ" data-language-local-name="Madurese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Madhurâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="एसिया – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="एसिया" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Азија – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Азија" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azia" title="Azia – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Azia" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%8F%E0%B4%B7%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF" title="ഏഷ്യ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഏഷ്യ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asja" title="Asja – Maltese" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Asja" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Maltese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%80hia" title="Āhia – Māori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Āhia" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Māori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="आशिया – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="आशिया" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%96%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="აზია – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="აზია" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="اسيا – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="اسيا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mnw mw-list-item"><a href="https://mnw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%9B%E1%80%BE" title="အာရှ – Mon" lang="mnw" hreflang="mnw" data-title="အာရှ" data-language-autonym="ဘာသာမန်" data-language-local-name="Mon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ဘာသာမန်</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="آسیا – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="آسیا" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia" title="Asia – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Asia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%91%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%81%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%A5" title="ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯌꯥ – Manipuri" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯌꯥ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="Manipuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia" title="Asia – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Asia" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%80-ci%C5%AD" title="Ā-ciŭ – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Ā-ciŭ" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81sia" title="Ásia – Mirandese" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Ásia" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="Mirandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%81%D1%8C" title="Азиясь – Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Азиясь" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8" title="Ази – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Ази" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%9B%E1%80%BE" title="အာရှ – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="အာရှ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esia" title="Esia – Fijian" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Esia" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="Fijian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azi%C3%AB" title="Azië – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Azië" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azie" title="Azie – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Azie" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="एसिया – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="एसिया" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="एसिया – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="एसिया" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%82%B8%E3%82%A2" title="アジア – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アジア" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia" title="Asia – Neapolitan" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Asia" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="Neapolitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nqo mw-list-item"><a href="https://nqo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DF%8A%DF%96%DF%AD%DF%8C%DF%AB" title="ߊߖ߭ߌ߫ – N’Ko" lang="nqo" hreflang="nqo" data-title="ߊߖ߭ߌ߫" data-language-autonym="ߒߞߏ" data-language-local-name="N’Ko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ߒߞߏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8" title="Ази – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Ази" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aasien" title="Aasien – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Aasien" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia" title="Asia – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Asia" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia" title="Asia – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Asia" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%82sie" title="Âsie – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Âsie" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia" title="Asia – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Asia" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia" title="Asia – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Asia" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Азий – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Азий" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%8F%E0%AC%B8%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%86" title="ଏସିଆ – Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଏସିଆ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eeshiyaa" title="Eeshiyaa – Oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Eeshiyaa" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="Oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ng mw-list-item"><a href="https://ng.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia" title="Asia – Ndonga" lang="ng" hreflang="ng" data-title="Asia" data-language-autonym="Oshiwambo" data-language-local-name="Ndonga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oshiwambo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osiyo" title="Osiyo – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Osiyo" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%8F%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%86" title="ਏਸ਼ੀਆ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਏਸ਼ੀਆ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pfl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pfl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asien" title="Asien – Palatine German" lang="pfl" hreflang="pfl" data-title="Asien" data-language-autonym="Pälzisch" data-language-local-name="Palatine German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pälzisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pag mw-list-item"><a href="https://pag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia" title="Asia – Pangasinan" lang="pag" hreflang="pag" data-title="Asia" data-language-autonym="Pangasinan" data-language-local-name="Pangasinan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pangasinan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B4%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="ایشیا – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ایشیا" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-blk mw-list-item"><a href="https://blk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%9E%E1%80%BB" title="အာသျ – Pa'O" lang="blk" hreflang="blk" data-title="အာသျ" data-language-autonym="ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-local-name="Pa'O" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia" title="Asia – Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Asia" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="آسيا – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="آسيا" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ieja" title="Ieja – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Ieja" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-koi mw-list-item"><a href="https://koi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Азия – Komi-Permyak" lang="koi" hreflang="koi" data-title="Азия" data-language-autonym="Перем коми" data-language-local-name="Komi-Permyak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Перем коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%A2%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%8A%E1%9E%B8" title="អាស៊ី – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="អាស៊ី" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asie" title="Asie – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Asie" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia" title="Asia – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Asia" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pwn mw-list-item"><a href="https://pwn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asiya" title="Asiya – Paiwan" lang="pwn" hreflang="pwn" data-title="Asiya" data-language-autonym="Pinayuanan" data-language-local-name="Paiwan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pinayuanan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esia" title="Esia – Tok Pisin" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Esia" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="Tok Pisin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tok Pisin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asien" title="Asien – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Asien" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azja" title="Azja – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Azja" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CF%83%CE%AF%CE%B1%CE%BD" title="Ασίαν – Pontic" lang="pnt" hreflang="pnt" data-title="Ασίαν" data-language-autonym="Ποντιακά" data-language-local-name="Pontic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ποντιακά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81sia" title="Ásia – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ásia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aziya" title="Aziya – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Aziya" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asiya" title="Asiya – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Asiya" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ty mw-list-item"><a href="https://ty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%80%99%C4%80tia" title="’Ātia – Tahitian" lang="ty" hreflang="ty" data-title="’Ātia" data-language-autonym="Reo tahiti" data-language-local-name="Tahitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Reo tahiti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia" title="Asia – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Asia" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia" title="Asia – Romansh" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Asia" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="Romansh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asya" title="Asya – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Asya" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B7%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Азія – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Азія" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Азия – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Азия" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Азия – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Азия" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ya-cuo" title="Ya-cuo – Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="Ya-cuo" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sakizaya</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sm mw-list-item"><a href="https://sm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia" title="Asia – Samoan" lang="sm" hreflang="sm" data-title="Asia" data-language-autonym="Gagana Samoa" data-language-local-name="Samoan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagana Samoa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%83" title="जम्बुद्वीपः – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="जम्बुद्वीपः" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sg mw-list-item"><a href="https://sg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asie" title="Asie – Sango" lang="sg" hreflang="sg" data-title="Asie" data-language-autonym="Sängö" data-language-local-name="Sango" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sängö</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%AE%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%AD%E1%B1%9F" title="ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ – Santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B4%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%A1" title="ایشیاء – Saraiki" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="ایشیاء" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="Saraiki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سرائیکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%80sia" title="Àsia – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Àsia" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aisie" title="Aisie – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Aisie" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asien" title="Asien – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Asien" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-st mw-list-item"><a href="https://st.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia" title="Asia – Southern Sotho" lang="st" hreflang="st" data-title="Asia" data-language-autonym="Sesotho" data-language-local-name="Southern Sotho" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nso mw-list-item"><a href="https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia" title="Asia – Northern Sotho" lang="nso" hreflang="nso" data-title="Asia" data-language-autonym="Sesotho sa Leboa" data-language-local-name="Northern Sotho" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho sa Leboa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azia" title="Azia – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Azia" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia" title="Asia – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Asia" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%86%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%80" title="ආසියාව – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ආසියාව" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia" title="Asia – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Asia" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%B4%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="ايشيا – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ايشيا" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81zia" title="Ázia – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Ázia" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azija" title="Azija – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Azija" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu mw-list-item"><a href="https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D1%97%EA%99%97" title="Асїꙗ – Church Slavic" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Асїꙗ" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="Church Slavic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azyjo" title="Azyjo – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Azyjo" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aasiya" title="Aasiya – Somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Aasiya" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="ئاسیا – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئاسیا" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-srn mw-list-item"><a href="https://srn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asi_(doti)" title="Asi (doti) – Sranan Tongo" lang="srn" hreflang="srn" data-title="Asi (doti)" data-language-autonym="Sranantongo" data-language-local-name="Sranan Tongo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sranantongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Азија – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Азија" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azija" title="Azija – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Azija" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia" title="Asia – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Asia" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aasia" title="Aasia – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Aasia" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asien" title="Asien – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Asien" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asya" title="Asya – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Asya" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%86%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BE" title="ஆசியா – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஆசியா" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asya" title="Asya – Tachelhit" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Asya" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="Tachelhit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asya" title="Asya – Kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Asya" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-tara mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-tara.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asie" title="Asie – Tarantino" lang="nap-x-tara" hreflang="nap-x-tara" data-title="Asie" data-language-autonym="Tarandíne" data-language-local-name="Tarantino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tarandíne</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Азия – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Азия" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A2%E1%80%B1%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9E%E1%80%BB%E1%82%83%E1%80%B8" title="ဢေးသျႃး – Shan" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="ဢေးသျႃး" data-language-autonym="တႆး" data-language-local-name="Shan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>တႆး</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tay mw-list-item"><a href="https://tay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aziya" title="Aziya – Atayal" lang="tay" hreflang="tay" data-title="Aziya" data-language-autonym="Tayal" data-language-local-name="Atayal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tayal</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%86%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" title="ఆసియా – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ఆసియా" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tet mw-list-item"><a href="https://tet.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81zia" title="Ázia – Tetum" lang="tet" hreflang="tet" data-title="Ázia" data-language-autonym="Tetun" data-language-local-name="Tetum" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tetun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="ทวีปเอเชีย – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ทวีปเอเชีย" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ti mw-list-item"><a href="https://ti.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8A%A4%E1%88%B5%E1%8B%AB" title="ኤስያ – Tigrinya" lang="ti" hreflang="ti" data-title="ኤስያ" data-language-autonym="ትግርኛ" data-language-local-name="Tigrinya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ትግርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%91" title="Осиё – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Осиё" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-to mw-list-item"><a href="https://to.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CA%BB%C4%92sia" title="ʻĒsia – Tongan" lang="to" hreflang="to" data-title="ʻĒsia" data-language-autonym="Lea faka-Tonga" data-language-local-name="Tongan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lea faka-Tonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8F%93%E1%8E%B6%E1%8F%82%E1%8E%A6%E1%8F%8D%E1%8F%9B" title="ᏓᎶᏂᎦᏍᏛ – Cherokee" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᏓᎶᏂᎦᏍᏛ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="Cherokee" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chy mw-list-item"><a href="https://chy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia" title="Asia – Cheyenne" lang="chy" hreflang="chy" data-title="Asia" data-language-autonym="Tsetsêhestâhese" data-language-local-name="Cheyenne" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tsetsêhestâhese</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tcy mw-list-item"><a href="https://tcy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%8F%E0%B2%B7%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%BE" title="ಏಷ್ಯಾ – Tulu" lang="tcy" hreflang="tcy" data-title="ಏಷ್ಯಾ" data-language-autonym="ತುಳು" data-language-local-name="Tulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ತುಳು</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asya" title="Asya – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Asya" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azi%C3%BDa" title="Aziýa – Turkmen" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Aziýa" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tw mw-list-item"><a href="https://tw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ehyia" title="Ehyia – Twi" lang="tw" hreflang="tw" data-title="Ehyia" data-language-autonym="Twi" data-language-local-name="Twi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Twi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%CC%B1siya" title="A̱siya – Tyap" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="A̱siya" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="Tyap" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Азия – Tuvinian" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Азия" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="Tuvinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тыва дыл</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Азия – Udmurt" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Азия" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="Udmurt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B7%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Азія – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Азія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B4%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="ایشیا – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ایشیا" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%89%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="ئاسىيا – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="ئاسىيا" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yacouh" title="Yacouh – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Yacouh" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%80zia" title="Àzia – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Àzia" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azii" title="Azii – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Azii" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C3%A2u_%C3%81" title="Châu Á – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Châu Á" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siyop" title="Siyop – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Siyop" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aasia" title="Aasia – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Aasia" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azeye" title="Azeye – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Azeye" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%9E%E7%B4%B0%E4%BA%9E%E6%B4%B2" title="亞細亞洲 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="亞細亞洲" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azi%C3%AB" title="Azië – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Azië" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asya" title="Asya – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Asya" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asi" title="Asi – Wolof" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Asi" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="Wolof" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E6%B4%B2" title="亚洲 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="亚洲" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ts mw-list-item"><a href="https://ts.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axiya" title="Axiya – Tsonga" lang="ts" hreflang="ts" data-title="Axiya" data-language-autonym="Xitsonga" data-language-local-name="Tsonga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Xitsonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%96%D7%99%D7%A2" title="אזיע – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="אזיע" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81s%C3%AD%C3%A0" title="Ásíà – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Ásíà" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%9E%E6%B4%B2" title="亞洲 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="亞洲" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asya" title="Asya – Dimli" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Asya" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Dimli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azi%C3%AB" title="Azië – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Azië" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Az%C4%97j%C4%97" title="Azėjė – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Azėjė" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E6%B4%B2" title="亚洲 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="亚洲" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ann mw-list-item"><a href="https://ann.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esia" title="Esia – Obolo" lang="ann" hreflang="ann" data-title="Esia" data-language-autonym="Obolo" data-language-local-name="Obolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Obolo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bbc mw-list-item"><a href="https://bbc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia" title="Asia – Batak Toba" lang="bbc" hreflang="bbc" data-title="Asia" data-language-autonym="Batak Toba" data-language-local-name="Batak Toba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Toba</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia" title="Asia – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Asia" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia" title="Asia – Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Asia" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Mandailing</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dtp mw-list-item"><a href="https://dtp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia" title="Asia – Central Dusun" lang="dtp" hreflang="dtp" data-title="Asia" data-language-autonym="Kadazandusun" data-language-local-name="Central Dusun" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kadazandusun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia" title="Asia – Iban" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Asia" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="Iban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jaku Iban</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asiya" title="Asiya – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Asiya" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-knc mw-list-item"><a href="https://knc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia" title="Asia – Central Kanuri" lang="knc" hreflang="knc" data-title="Asia" data-language-autonym="Yerwa Kanuri" data-language-local-name="Central Kanuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yerwa Kanuri</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-syl mw-list-item"><a href="https://syl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%A0%84%EA%A0%A1%EA%A0%A4%EA%A0%80" title="ꠄꠡꠤꠀ – Sylheti" lang="syl" hreflang="syl" data-title="ꠄꠡꠤꠀ" data-language-autonym="ꠍꠤꠟꠐꠤ" data-language-local-name="Sylheti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꠍꠤꠟꠐꠤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tdd mw-list-item"><a href="https://tdd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%A5%9F%E1%A5%A5%E1%A5%B0_%E1%A5%A1%E1%A5%AB%E1%A5%9D%E1%A5%B0" title="ᥟᥥᥰ ᥡᥫᥝᥰ – Tai Nuea" lang="tdd" hreflang="tdd" data-title="ᥟᥥᥰ ᥡᥫᥝᥰ" data-language-autonym="ᥖᥭᥰ ᥖᥬᥲ ᥑᥨᥒᥰ" data-language-local-name="Tai Nuea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᥖᥭᥰ ᥖᥬᥲ ᥑᥨᥒᥰ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asij%C9%99" title="Asijə – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Asijə" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B5%9C%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%A3%E2%B5%89%E2%B5%9C" title="ⵜⴰⵣⵉⵜ – Standard Moroccan Tamazight" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⵜⴰⵣⵉⵜ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="Standard Moroccan Tamazight" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q48#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div 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semi-protected."><img alt="Page semi-protected" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1b/Semi-protection-shackle.svg/20px-Semi-protection-shackle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1b/Semi-protection-shackle.svg/40px-Semi-protection-shackle.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Continent</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the continent. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Asia_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Asia (disambiguation)">Asia (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title">Asia</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Asia_(orthographic_projection)_without_New_Guinea.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29_without_New_Guinea.svg/220px-Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29_without_New_Guinea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29_without_New_Guinea.svg/330px-Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29_without_New_Guinea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29_without_New_Guinea.svg/440px-Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29_without_New_Guinea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="541" data-file-height="541" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Area</th><td class="infobox-data">44,579,000 km<sup>2</sup> (17,212,000 sq mi) (<a href="/wiki/Continent#Area_and_population" title="Continent">1st</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Population</th><td class="infobox-data">4,694,576,167 (2021; <a href="/wiki/List_of_continents_and_continental_subregions_by_population" title="List of continents and continental subregions by population">1st</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-UN_WPP_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UN_WPP-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-UN_WPP_2022_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UN_WPP_2022-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Population density</th><td class="infobox-data">100/km<sup>2</sup> (260/sq mi)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Gross_domestic_product" title="Gross domestic product">GDP</a> (<a href="/wiki/Purchasing_power_parity" title="Purchasing power parity">PPP</a>)</th><td class="infobox-data">$72.7 trillion (2022 est; <a href="/wiki/List_of_continents_by_GDP#Continents_by_GDP_(PPP)" title="List of continents by GDP">1st</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">GDP (nominal)</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="nowrap">$39 trillion (2022 est; <a href="/wiki/List_of_continents_by_GDP#Continents_by_GDP_(nominal)" title="List of continents by GDP">1st</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">GDP per capita</th><td class="infobox-data">$8,890 (2022 est; <a href="/wiki/List_of_continents_by_GDP#Continents_by_GDP_per_capita_(nominal)" title="List of continents by GDP">4th</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Religions</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Asia" title="Islam in Asia">Islam</a> (28.0%)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_Asia" title="Hinduism in Asia">Hinduism</a> (22.8%)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Irreligion_in_Asia" class="mw-redirect" title="Irreligion in Asia">No religion</a> (13.9%)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Buddhism_in_Asia" class="mw-redirect" title="Buddhism in Asia">Buddhism</a> (11.1%)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_folk_religion" title="Chinese folk religion">Chinese folk religion</a> (9.7%)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Christianity_in_Asia" title="Christianity in Asia">Christianity</a> (8.4%)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_religion" title="Ethnic religion">Ethnic religions</a> (3.5%)</li><li><a href="/wiki/New_religion" class="mw-redirect" title="New religion">New religions</a> (1.3%)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Asia" title="Religion in Asia">Other</a> (1.3%)<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Demonym" title="Demonym">Demonym</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Asian_people" title="Asian people">Asian</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Countries</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states_and_dependent_territories_in_Asia" title="List of sovereign states and dependent territories in Asia"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>49 UN members</li><li>1 UN observer</li><li>5 other states</li></ul></div></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Dependencies</th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold; background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal;"><div>List</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0; text-align:left;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Akrotiri_and_Dhekelia" title="Akrotiri and Dhekelia">Akrotiri and Dhekelia</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_the_Commissioner_of_the_British_Indian_Ocean_Territory.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Commissioner_of_the_British_Indian_Ocean_Territory.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_the_Commissioner_of_the_British_Indian_Ocean_Territory.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Commissioner_of_the_British_Indian_Ocean_Territory.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_the_Commissioner_of_the_British_Indian_Ocean_Territory.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Commissioner_of_the_British_Indian_Ocean_Territory.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/British_Indian_Ocean_Territory" title="British Indian Ocean Territory">British Indian Ocean Territory</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Flag_of_Christmas_Island.svg/23px-Flag_of_Christmas_Island.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Flag_of_Christmas_Island.svg/35px-Flag_of_Christmas_Island.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Flag_of_Christmas_Island.svg/46px-Flag_of_Christmas_Island.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="256" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Christmas_Island" title="Christmas Island">Christmas Island</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Flag_of_the_Cocos_%28Keeling%29_Islands.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Cocos_%28Keeling%29_Islands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Flag_of_the_Cocos_%28Keeling%29_Islands.svg/60px-Flag_of_the_Cocos_%28Keeling%29_Islands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands" title="Cocos (Keeling) Islands">Cocos (Keeling) Islands</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg/23px-Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg/35px-Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg/45px-Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Flag_of_Macau.svg/40px-Flag_of_Macau.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Flag_of_Macau.svg/60px-Flag_of_Macau.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Macau" title="Macau">Macau</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Non-UN states</th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold; background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal;"><div>List</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0; text-align:left;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_Abkhazia.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_Abkhazia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_Abkhazia.svg/60px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_Abkhazia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Abkhazia" title="Abkhazia">Abkhazia</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Flag_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Flag_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg/60px-Flag_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Northern_Cyprus" title="Northern Cyprus">Northern Cyprus</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Palestine.svg/40px-Flag_of_Palestine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Palestine.svg/60px-Flag_of_Palestine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Palestine" title="Palestine">Palestine</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_South_Ossetia.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Ossetia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_South_Ossetia.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Ossetia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_South_Ossetia.svg/46px-Flag_of_South_Ossetia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/South_Ossetia" title="South Ossetia">South Ossetia</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/60px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Languages</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Asia" title="Languages of Asia">List of languages</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Time zones</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B02:00" title="UTC+02:00">UTC+02:00</a> to <a href="/wiki/UTC%2B12:00" title="UTC+12:00">UTC+12:00</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Internet <a href="/wiki/Top-level_domain" title="Top-level domain">TLD</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/.asia" title=".asia">.asia</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Largest cities</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_metropolitan_areas_in_Asia" title="List of metropolitan areas in Asia">List of metropolitan areas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_cities_in_Asia" title="Lists of cities in Asia">Lists of cities</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/UN_M49" title="UN M49">UN M49</a> code</th><td class="infobox-data"><code>142</code> – Asia<br /><code>001</code> – World</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Asia</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="/eɪ/: 'a' in 'face'">eɪ</span><span title="/ʒ/: 's' in 'pleasure'">ʒ</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span></span>/</a></span> <span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/2\/2e\/En-us-Asia.ogg\/En-us-Asia.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"En-us-Asia.ogg"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2e/En-us-Asia.ogg/En-us-Asia.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:En-us-Asia.ogg" title="File:En-us-Asia.ogg">ⓘ</a></sup></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><i title="English pronunciation respelling"><span style="font-size:90%">AY</span>-zhə</i></a>, <span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small"><a href="/wiki/British_English" title="British English">UK</a> also </span><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="/eɪ/: 'a' in 'face'">eɪ</span><span title="/ʃ/: 'sh' in 'shy'">ʃ</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span></span>/</a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><i title="English pronunciation respelling"><span style="font-size:90%">AY</span>-shə</i></a>) is the largest <a href="/wiki/Continent" title="Continent">continent</a><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Boudreau_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Boudreau-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in the world by both land area and population.<sup id="cite_ref-Boudreau_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Boudreau-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It covers an area of more than 44 million square kilometres,<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> about 30% of Earth's total land area and 8% of Earth's total surface area. The continent, which has long been home to the majority of the <a href="/wiki/Human_population" class="mw-redirect" title="Human population">human population</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was the site of many of the <a href="/wiki/First_civilisations" class="mw-redirect" title="First civilisations">first civilisations</a>. Its 4.7 billion people constitute roughly 60% of the world's population. </p><p>Asia shares the <a href="/wiki/Landmass" title="Landmass">landmass</a> of <a href="/wiki/Eurasia" title="Eurasia">Eurasia</a> with <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a>, and of <a href="/wiki/Afro-Eurasia" title="Afro-Eurasia">Afro-Eurasia</a> with both Europe and <a href="/wiki/Africa" title="Africa">Africa</a>. In general terms, it is bounded on the east by the <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Ocean" title="Pacific Ocean">Pacific Ocean</a>, on the south by the <a href="/wiki/Indian_Ocean" title="Indian Ocean">Indian Ocean</a>, and on the north by the <a href="/wiki/Arctic_Ocean" title="Arctic Ocean">Arctic Ocean</a>. The border of Asia with Europe is a <a href="/wiki/Social_constructionism" title="Social constructionism">historical and cultural construct</a>, as there is no clear physical and geographical separation between them. A commonly accepted division places Asia to the east of the <a href="/wiki/Suez_Canal" title="Suez Canal">Suez Canal</a> separating it from Africa; and to the east of the <a href="/wiki/Turkish_straits" title="Turkish straits">Turkish straits</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Ural_Mountains" title="Ural Mountains">Ural Mountains</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ural_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Ural River">Ural River</a>, and to the south of the <a href="/wiki/Caucasus_Mountains" title="Caucasus Mountains">Caucasus Mountains</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Caspian_Sea" title="Caspian Sea">Caspian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Black_Sea" title="Black Sea">Black</a> seas, separating it from Europe.<sup id="cite_ref-National_Geographic-1999_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-National_Geographic-1999-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Since the concept of Asia derives from the term for the eastern region from a European perspective, Asia is the remaining vast area of Eurasia minus Europe. Therefore, Asia is a region where various independent cultures coexist rather than sharing a single culture, and the boundary between Europe is somewhat arbitrary and has moved since its first conception in <a href="/wiki/Classical_antiquity" title="Classical antiquity">classical antiquity</a>. The division of Eurasia into two continents reflects <a href="/wiki/East%E2%80%93West_dichotomy" title="East–West dichotomy">East–West</a> cultural differences, some of which vary on a spectrum. </p><p><a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> and <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> traded places as the <a href="/wiki/List_of_regions_by_past_GDP_(PPP)" title="List of regions by past GDP (PPP)">largest economies in the world</a> from 1 to 1800 CE. China was a major economic power for much of recorded history, with the highest <a href="/wiki/GDP_per_capita" class="mw-redirect" title="GDP per capita">GDP per capita</a> until 1500.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Eric.ed.gov-2000_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Eric.ed.gov-2000-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Silk_Road" title="Silk Road">Silk Road</a> became the main east–west trading route in the Asian hinterlands while the <a href="/wiki/Straits_of_Malacca" class="mw-redirect" title="Straits of Malacca">Straits of Malacca</a> stood as a major sea route. Asia has exhibited <a href="/wiki/Economic_dynamism" title="Economic dynamism">economic dynamism</a> as well as robust population growth during the 20th century, but overall population growth has since fallen.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Asia was the birthplace of most of the world's mainstream religions including <a href="/wiki/Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christianity</a>, <a href="/wiki/Confucianism" title="Confucianism">Confucianism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jainism" title="Jainism">Jainism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Judaism" title="Judaism">Judaism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sikhism" title="Sikhism">Sikhism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Taoism" title="Taoism">Taoism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zoroastrianism" title="Zoroastrianism">Zoroastrianism</a>, and many other religions. </p><p>Asia varies greatly across and within <a href="/wiki/Regions_of_Asia" class="mw-redirect" title="Regions of Asia">its regions</a> with regard to ethnic groups, cultures, environments, economics, historical ties, and government systems. It also has a mix of many different climates ranging from the equatorial south via the hot deserts in parts of <a href="/wiki/West_Asia" title="West Asia">West Asia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Central_Asia" title="Central Asia">Central Asia</a> and <a href="/wiki/South_Asia" title="South Asia">South Asia</a>, temperate areas in the east and the continental centre to vast subarctic and polar areas in <a href="/wiki/North_Asia" title="North Asia">North Asia</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gulf5..JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Gulf5..JPG/220px-Gulf5..JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Gulf5..JPG/330px-Gulf5..JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Gulf5..JPG/440px-Gulf5..JPG 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a><figcaption>Ptolemy's Asia</figcaption></figure> <p>The term "Asia" is believed to originate in the <a href="/wiki/Bronze_Age" title="Bronze Age">Bronze Age</a> toponym <span title="Hittite-language romanization"><i lang="hit-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Assuwa" title="Assuwa">Assuwa</a></i></span> (<a href="/wiki/Hittite_language" title="Hittite language">Hittite</a>: <span lang="hit">𒀸𒋗𒉿</span>, <small>romanized: </small><span title="Hittite-language romanization"><i lang="hit-Latn">aš-šu-wa</i></span>) which originally referred only to a portion of northwestern <a href="/wiki/Anatolia" title="Anatolia">Anatolia</a>. The term appears in <a href="/wiki/Hittite_texts" class="mw-redirect" title="Hittite texts">Hittite records</a> recounting how a confederation of Assuwan states including <a href="/wiki/Troy" title="Troy">Troy</a> unsuccessfully rebelled against the Hittite king <a href="/wiki/Tudhaliya_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Tudhaliya I">Tudhaliya I</a> around 1400 BCE.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Roughly contemporary <a href="/wiki/Linear_B" title="Linear B">Linear B</a> documents contain the term <span title="Mycenaean Greek-language romanization"><i lang="gmy-Latn">aswia</i></span> (<a href="/wiki/Mycenaean_Greek_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Mycenaean Greek language">Mycenaean Greek</a>: <span lang="gmy">𐀀𐀯𐀹𐀊</span>, <small>romanized: </small><span title="Mycenaean Greek-language romanization"><i lang="gmy-Latn">a-si-wi-ja</i></span>), seemingly in reference to captives from the same area.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Roman_Empire_-_Asia_(125_AD).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Roman_Empire_-_Asia_%28125_AD%29.svg/220px-Roman_Empire_-_Asia_%28125_AD%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="183" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Roman_Empire_-_Asia_%28125_AD%29.svg/330px-Roman_Empire_-_Asia_%28125_AD%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Roman_Empire_-_Asia_%28125_AD%29.svg/440px-Roman_Empire_-_Asia_%28125_AD%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2186" data-file-height="1817" /></a><figcaption>The province of <a href="/wiki/Asia_(Roman_province)" title="Asia (Roman province)">Asia</a> within the Roman Empire</figcaption></figure> <p>Herodotus used the term in reference to <a href="/wiki/Anatolia" title="Anatolia">Anatolia</a> and the territory of the <a href="/wiki/Achaemenid_Empire" title="Achaemenid Empire">Achaemenid Empire</a>, in contrast to Greece and Egypt. He reports that Greeks assumed that Asia was named after the wife of <a href="/wiki/Prometheus" title="Prometheus">Prometheus</a>, but that <a href="/wiki/Lydia" title="Lydia">Lydians</a> say it was named after <i>Asies</i>, son of Cotys, who passed the name on to a tribe at <a href="/wiki/Sardis" title="Sardis">Sardis</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In <a href="/wiki/Greek_mythology" title="Greek mythology">Greek mythology</a>, "Asia" (<span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">Ἀσία</span></span> or <span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">Ἀσίη</span></span>) was the name of a "<a href="/wiki/Nymph" title="Nymph">Nymph</a> or <a href="/wiki/Titan_(mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Titan (mythology)">Titan</a> goddess of Lydia".<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Iliad" title="Iliad">Iliad</a> (attributed by the ancient Greeks to <a href="/wiki/Homer" title="Homer">Homer</a>) mentions two Phrygians in the <a href="/wiki/Trojan_War" title="Trojan War">Trojan War</a> named <a href="/wiki/Asius_(mythology)" title="Asius (mythology)">Asios</a> (literally 'Asian');<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and also a marsh or lowland containing a marsh in Lydia as <span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">ασιος</span></span>.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The term was later adopted by the <a href="/wiki/Roman_people" title="Roman people">Romans</a>, who used it in reference to the <a href="/wiki/Province_of_Asia" class="mw-redirect" title="Province of Asia">province of Asia</a>, located in western Anatolia.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One of the first writers to use Asia as a name of the whole continent was <a href="/wiki/Pliny_the_Elder" title="Pliny the Elder">Pliny</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Definition">Definition</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information on Asian borders: <a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Asia#Boundary" title="Geography of Asia">Geography of Asia § Boundary</a>, <a href="/wiki/Boundaries_between_the_continents" title="Boundaries between the continents">Boundaries between the continents</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_transcontinental_countries#Asia_and_Europe" title="List of transcontinental countries">List of transcontinental countries § Asia and Europe</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Copenhagen_criteria" title="Copenhagen criteria">Copenhagen criteria</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Asia–Europe_boundary"><span id="Asia.E2.80.93Europe_boundary"></span>Asia–Europe boundary</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Possible_definitions_of_the_boundary_between_Europe_and_Asia.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Possible_definitions_of_the_boundary_between_Europe_and_Asia.png/260px-Possible_definitions_of_the_boundary_between_Europe_and_Asia.png" decoding="async" width="260" height="403" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Possible_definitions_of_the_boundary_between_Europe_and_Asia.png/390px-Possible_definitions_of_the_boundary_between_Europe_and_Asia.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Possible_definitions_of_the_boundary_between_Europe_and_Asia.png/520px-Possible_definitions_of_the_boundary_between_Europe_and_Asia.png 2x" data-file-width="729" data-file-height="1129" /></a><figcaption>Definitions used for the boundary between Asia and Europe in different periods of history. <a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Ongoing_definition">Modern definitions</a> mostly fit with lines <i>B</i> and <i>F</i> given.</figcaption></figure> <p>The threefold division of the <a href="/wiki/Old_World" title="Old World">Old World</a> into Africa, Asia, and Europe has been in use since the 6th century BCE, due to <a href="/wiki/Greek_geographers" class="mw-redirect" title="Greek geographers">Greek geographers</a> such as <a href="/wiki/Anaximander" title="Anaximander">Anaximander</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hecataeus_of_Miletus" title="Hecataeus of Miletus">Hecataeus</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Anaximander placed the boundary between Asia and Europe along the <a href="/wiki/Phasis_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Phasis River">Phasis River</a> (now the Rioni) in <a href="/wiki/Georgia_(country)" title="Georgia (country)">Georgia</a> of Caucasus (from its mouth by <a href="/wiki/Poti" title="Poti">Poti</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Black_Sea" title="Black Sea">Black Sea</a> coast, through the <a href="/wiki/Surami_Pass" title="Surami Pass">Surami Pass</a> and along the <a href="/wiki/Kura_(Caspian_Sea)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kura (Caspian Sea)">Kura River</a> to the Caspian Sea), a convention still followed by <a href="/wiki/Herodotus" title="Herodotus">Herodotus</a> in the 5th century BCE.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the <a href="/wiki/Hellenistic_period" title="Hellenistic period">Hellenistic period</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> this convention was revised, and the boundary between Europe and Asia was now considered to be the <a href="/wiki/Don_River_(Russia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Don River (Russia)">Tanais</a> (the modern Don River). This is the convention used by Roman era authors such as <a href="/wiki/Posidonius" title="Posidonius">Posidonius</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Strabo" title="Strabo">Strabo</a><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Ptolemy" title="Ptolemy">Ptolemy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The border between Asia and Europe was historically defined by European academics.<sup id="cite_ref-Lineback-2013_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lineback-2013-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In Sweden, five years after Peter's death, in 1730 <a href="/wiki/Philip_Johan_von_Strahlenberg" title="Philip Johan von Strahlenberg">Philip Johan von Strahlenberg</a> published a new atlas proposing the Ural Mountains as the border of Asia. Tatishchev announced that he had proposed the idea to von Strahlenberg. The latter had suggested the <a href="/wiki/Emba_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Emba River">Emba River</a> as the lower boundary. Over the next century various proposals were made until the <a href="/wiki/Ural_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Ural River">Ural River</a> prevailed in the mid-19th century. The border had been moved perforce from the Black Sea to the Caspian Sea into which the Ural River projects.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The border between the Black Sea and the Caspian is usually placed along the crest of the <a href="/wiki/Caucasus_Mountains" title="Caucasus Mountains">Caucasus Mountains</a>, although it is sometimes placed further north.<sup id="cite_ref-Lineback-2013_37-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lineback-2013-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Asia–Africa_boundary"><span id="Asia.E2.80.93Africa_boundary"></span>Asia–Africa boundary</h3></div> <p>The boundary between Asia and Africa is the <a href="/wiki/Suez_Canal" title="Suez Canal">Suez Canal</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Suez" title="Gulf of Suez">Gulf of Suez</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Red_Sea" title="Red Sea">Red Sea</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Bab-el-Mandeb" title="Bab-el-Mandeb">Bab-el-Mandeb</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This makes <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a> a <a href="/wiki/Transcontinental_country" class="mw-redirect" title="Transcontinental country">transcontinental country</a>, with the <a href="/wiki/Sinai_Peninsula" title="Sinai Peninsula">Sinai Peninsula</a> in Asia and the remainder of the country in Africa. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Asia–Oceania_boundary"><span id="Asia.E2.80.93Oceania_boundary"></span>Asia–Oceania boundary</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Map_of_Sunda_and_Sahul.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Map_of_Sunda_and_Sahul.svg/260px-Map_of_Sunda_and_Sahul.svg.png" decoding="async" width="260" height="242" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Map_of_Sunda_and_Sahul.svg/390px-Map_of_Sunda_and_Sahul.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Map_of_Sunda_and_Sahul.svg/520px-Map_of_Sunda_and_Sahul.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="976" data-file-height="907" /></a><figcaption>Definitions of the boundary between Asia and Oceania</figcaption></figure> <p>The border between Asia and <a href="/wiki/Oceania" title="Oceania">Oceania</a> is usually placed somewhere in the <a href="/wiki/Indonesian_Archipelago" class="mw-redirect" title="Indonesian Archipelago">Indonesian Archipelago</a>, specifically in <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Indonesia" title="Eastern Indonesia">Eastern Indonesia</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Wallace_Line" title="Wallace Line">Wallace Line</a> separates the Asian and <a href="/wiki/Wallacea" title="Wallacea">Wallacea</a> biogeographical realms, a transition zone of deep water straits between the Asian and Australian continental shelves. <a href="/wiki/Weber%27s_Line" class="mw-redirect" title="Weber's Line">Weber's Line</a> split the region in two with regard to the balance of fauna between Asian origin or Australo-Papuan origin.<sup id="cite_ref-Simpson-1977_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Simpson-1977-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Wallacea's eastern boundary with <a href="/wiki/Australia_(continent)" title="Australia (continent)">Sahul</a> is represented by the <a href="/wiki/Richard_Lydekker" title="Richard Lydekker">Lydekker's Line</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Maluku_Islands" title="Maluku Islands">Maluku Islands</a> (except the Aru Islands) are often considered to lie on the border of southeast Asia, with the <a href="/wiki/Aru_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Aru Islands">Aru Islands</a> and <a href="/wiki/Western_New_Guinea" title="Western New Guinea">Western New Guinea</a>, to the east of the Lydekker's Line, being wholly part of Oceania, as both lie on the Australian continental plate.<sup id="cite_ref-Simpson-1977_40-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Simpson-1977-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Culturally, the Wallacea region denoted the transition between <a href="/wiki/Austronesian_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Austronesian people">Austronesian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Melanesian_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Melanesian people">Melanesian people</a>, with varying degrees of intermixing between the two. In general, the further west and coastal a region is, the stronger the Austronesian influences, and the further east and inland a region is, the stronger the Melanesian influences.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The terms Southeast Asia and Oceania, devised in the 19th century, have had several vastly different geographic meanings since their inception. The chief factor in determining which islands of the Indonesian Archipelago are Asian has been the location of the colonial possessions of the various empires there (not all European). Lewis and Wigen assert, "The narrowing of 'Southeast Asia' to its present boundaries was thus a gradual process."<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Asia–North_America_boundary"><span id="Asia.E2.80.93North_America_boundary"></span>Asia–North America boundary</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Northeast_Asia" title="Northeast Asia">Northeast Asia</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Us-su-maritime.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Us-su-maritime.jpg/260px-Us-su-maritime.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="226" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Us-su-maritime.jpg/390px-Us-su-maritime.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Us-su-maritime.jpg/520px-Us-su-maritime.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="522" /></a><figcaption>The United States–Russia borrder according to the <a href="/wiki/USSR%E2%80%93USA_Maritime_Boundary_Agreement" title="USSR–USA Maritime Boundary Agreement">USSR–USA Maritime Boundary Agreement</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Bering_Strait" title="Bering Strait">Bering Strait</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bering_Sea" title="Bering Sea">Bering Sea</a> separate the landmasses of Asia and <a href="/wiki/North_America" title="North America">North America</a>, as well as forming the international boundary between Russia and the United States. This <a href="/wiki/National_boundary" class="mw-redirect" title="National boundary">national</a> and continental boundary separates the <a href="/wiki/Diomede_Islands" title="Diomede Islands">Diomede Islands</a> in the Bering Strait, with <a href="/wiki/Diomede_Islands" title="Diomede Islands">Big Diomede</a> in <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Diomede_Islands" title="Diomede Islands">Little Diomede</a> in the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Aleutian_Islands" title="Aleutian Islands">Aleutian Islands</a> are an island chain extending westward from the <a href="/wiki/Alaskan_Peninsula" class="mw-redirect" title="Alaskan Peninsula">Alaskan Peninsula</a> toward Russia's <a href="/wiki/Komandorski_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Komandorski Islands">Komandorski Islands</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kamchatka_Peninsula" title="Kamchatka Peninsula">Kamchatka Peninsula</a>. Most of them are always associated with North America, except for the westernmost <a href="/wiki/Near_Islands" title="Near Islands">Near Islands</a> group, which is on Asia's continental shelf beyond the <a href="/wiki/North_Aleutians_Basin" title="North Aleutians Basin">North Aleutians Basin</a> and on rare occasions could be associated with Asia, which could then allow the United States to be considered a transcontinental state. The Aleutian Islands are sometimes associated with Oceania, owing to their status as remote Pacific islands, and their proximity to the Pacific Plate.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This is extremely rare however, due to their non-tropical biogeography, as well as their <a href="/wiki/Aleut" class="mw-redirect" title="Aleut">inhabitants</a>, who have historically been related to the <a href="/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americas" title="Indigenous peoples of the Americas">Indigenous peoples of the Americas</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/St._Lawrence_Island" title="St. Lawrence Island">St. Lawrence Island</a> in the northern Bering Sea belongs to the US state of <a href="/wiki/Alaska" title="Alaska">Alaska</a> and may be associated with either continent but is almost always considered part of North America, as with the <a href="/wiki/Rat_Islands" title="Rat Islands">Rat Islands</a> in the Aleutian chain. At their nearest points, Alaska and Russia are separated by only 4 kilometres (2.5 miles). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ongoing_definition">Ongoing definition</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Afro-Eurasia_(orthographic_projection)_political.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Afro-Eurasia_%28orthographic_projection%29_political.svg/220px-Afro-Eurasia_%28orthographic_projection%29_political.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Afro-Eurasia_%28orthographic_projection%29_political.svg/330px-Afro-Eurasia_%28orthographic_projection%29_political.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Afro-Eurasia_%28orthographic_projection%29_political.svg/440px-Afro-Eurasia_%28orthographic_projection%29_political.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="550" data-file-height="550" /></a><figcaption>Afro-Eurasia</figcaption></figure> <p>Geographical Asia is a cultural artifact of European conceptions of the world, beginning with the <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greeks" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient Greeks">Ancient Greeks</a>, being imposed onto other cultures, an imprecise concept causing endemic contention about what it means. Asia does not exactly correspond to the cultural borders of its various types of constituents.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>From the time of Herodotus, a minority of geographers have rejected the three-continent system (Europe, Africa, Asia) on the grounds that there is no substantial physical separation between them.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For example, Sir <a href="/wiki/Barry_Cunliffe" title="Barry Cunliffe">Barry Cunliffe</a>, the emeritus professor of European archeology at Oxford, argues that Europe has been geographically and culturally merely "the western excrescence of the continent of Asia".<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Geographically, Asia is the major eastern constituent of the continent of <a href="/wiki/Eurasia" title="Eurasia">Eurasia</a> with Europe being a northwestern <a href="/wiki/Peninsula" title="Peninsula">peninsula</a> of the landmass. Asia, Europe and Africa make up a single continuous landmass—<a href="/wiki/Afro-Eurasia" title="Afro-Eurasia">Afro-Eurasia</a>—and share a common <a href="/wiki/Continental_shelf" title="Continental shelf">continental shelf</a>. Almost all of Europe and a major part of Asia sit atop the <a href="/wiki/Eurasian_Plate" class="mw-redirect" title="Eurasian Plate">Eurasian Plate</a>, adjoined on the south by the <a href="/wiki/Arabian_Plate" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabian Plate">Arabian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Indian_Plate" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian Plate">Indian Plate</a> and with the easternmost part of Siberia (east of the <a href="/wiki/Chersky_Range" title="Chersky Range">Chersky Range</a>) on the <a href="/wiki/North_American_Plate" class="mw-redirect" title="North American Plate">North American Plate</a>. </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/History_of_Asia" title="History of Asia">History of Asia</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ancient_era">Ancient era</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Sinosphere" title="Sinosphere">Sinosphere</a>, <a href="/wiki/Greater_India" title="Greater India">Greater India</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Greater_Iran" title="Greater Iran">Greater Iran</a></div><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Silkroutes.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Silkroutes.jpg/260px-Silkroutes.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="229" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Silkroutes.jpg/390px-Silkroutes.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Silkroutes.jpg/520px-Silkroutes.jpg 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="660" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Silk_Road" title="Silk Road">Silk Road</a> connected civilisations across Asia<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure><p>The history of Asia can be seen as the distinct histories of several peripheral coastal regions: <a href="/wiki/East_Asia" title="East Asia">East Asia</a>, <a href="/wiki/South_Asia" title="South Asia">South Asia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Southeast_Asia" title="Southeast Asia">Southeast Asia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Central_Asia" title="Central Asia">Central Asia</a>, and <a href="/wiki/West_Asia" title="West Asia">West Asia</a>. The coastal periphery was home to some of the world's earliest known civilisations, each of them developing around fertile river valleys. The civilisations in <a href="/wiki/Mesopotamia" title="Mesopotamia">Mesopotamia</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Indus_Valley" class="mw-redirect" title="Indus Valley">Indus Valley</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Yellow_River" title="Yellow River">Yellow River</a> shared many similarities. These civilisations may well have exchanged technologies and ideas such as <a href="/wiki/Mathematics" title="Mathematics">mathematics</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Wheel" title="Wheel">wheel</a>. Other innovations, such as writing, seem to have been developed individually in each area. Cities, states and empires developed in these lowlands. </p><p>The central steppe region had long been inhabited by horse-mounted nomads who could reach all areas of Asia from the <a href="/wiki/Steppe" title="Steppe">steppes</a>. The earliest postulated expansion out of the steppe is that of the <a href="/wiki/Indo-Europeans" class="mw-redirect" title="Indo-Europeans">Indo-Europeans</a>, who spread their languages into West Asia, South Asia, and the borders of China, where the <a href="/wiki/Tocharians" title="Tocharians">Tocharians</a> resided. The northernmost part of Asia, including much of <a href="/wiki/Siberia" title="Siberia">Siberia</a>, was largely inaccessible to the steppe nomads, owing to the dense forests, climate and <a href="/wiki/Tundra" title="Tundra">tundra</a>. These areas remained very sparsely populated. </p><p>The center and the peripheries were mostly kept separated by mountains and deserts. The <a href="/wiki/Caucasus" title="Caucasus">Caucasus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Himalaya" class="mw-redirect" title="Himalaya">Himalaya</a> mountains and the <a href="/wiki/Karakum_Desert" title="Karakum Desert">Karakum</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gobi" class="mw-redirect" title="Gobi">Gobi</a> deserts formed barriers that the steppe horsemen could cross only with difficulty. While the urban city dwellers were more advanced technologically and socially, in many cases they could do little in a military aspect to defend against the mounted hordes of the steppe. However, the lowlands did not have enough open grasslands to support a large equestrian force; for this and other reasons, the nomads who conquered states in China, India, and the Middle East often found themselves adapting to the local, more affluent societies. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Medieval_era">Medieval era</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mongol_dominions1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Mongol_dominions1.jpg/260px-Mongol_dominions1.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="191" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Mongol_dominions1.jpg/390px-Mongol_dominions1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Mongol_dominions1.jpg/520px-Mongol_dominions1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="938" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Mongol_Empire" title="Mongol Empire">Mongol Empire</a> at its greatest extent. The gray area is the later <a href="/wiki/Timurid_Empire" title="Timurid Empire">Timurid Empire</a></figcaption></figure><p>The Islamic <a href="/wiki/Caliphate" title="Caliphate">Caliphate</a>'s defeats of the <a href="/wiki/Byzantine" class="mw-redirect" title="Byzantine">Byzantine</a> and Persian empires led to West Asia and southern parts of <a href="/wiki/Central_Asia" title="Central Asia">Central Asia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Northwestern_South_Asia" title="Northwestern South Asia">western parts of South Asia</a> under its control during <a href="/wiki/Early_Muslim_conquests" title="Early Muslim conquests">its conquests</a> of the 7th century; Islam also <a href="/wiki/Spread_of_Islam" title="Spread of Islam">spread</a> over centuries to the southern regions of India and Southeast Asia through trade along the <a href="/wiki/Maritime_Silk_Road" title="Maritime Silk Road">Maritime Silk Road</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Mongol_Empire" title="Mongol Empire">Mongol Empire</a> conquered a large part of Asia in the 13th century, an area extending from China to Europe. Before the Mongol invasion, <a href="/wiki/Song_dynasty" title="Song dynasty">Song dynasty</a> reportedly had approximately 120 million citizens; the 1300 census which followed the invasion reported roughly 60 million people.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Black_Death" title="Black Death">Black Death</a>, one of the most devastating <a href="/wiki/Pandemic" title="Pandemic">pandemics</a> in human history, is thought to have originated in the arid plains of central Asia, where it then travelled along the <a href="/wiki/Silk_Road" title="Silk Road">Silk Road</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Modern_era">Modern era</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/History_of_Eurasia#Modern_era" title="History of Eurasia">History of Eurasia § Modern era</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Afro-Asia#Modern_era" title="Afro-Asia">Afro-Asia § Modern era</a></div> <p>European involvement in Asia became more significant from the <a href="/wiki/Age_of_Discovery" title="Age of Discovery">Age of Discovery</a> onward, with Iberian-sponsored sailors such as <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Columbus" title="Christopher Columbus">Christopher Columbus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Vasco_da_Gama" title="Vasco da Gama">Vasco da Gama</a> paving the way for new routes from <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Europe" title="Atlantic Europe">Atlantic Europe</a> to <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Asia" title="Pacific Asia">Pacific Asia</a> and the Indian Ocean respectively in the late 15th century.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russian Empire</a> also began to expand into northwestern Asia from the 17th century, and would eventually take control of all of Siberia and most of Central Asia by the end of the 19th century. </p><p>Among non-European empires, the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a> controlled Anatolia, most of the Middle East, North Africa and the Balkans from the mid 16th century onward, while in the 17th century, the <a href="/wiki/Manchu" class="mw-redirect" title="Manchu">Manchu</a> conquered China and established the <a href="/wiki/Qing_dynasty" title="Qing dynasty">Qing dynasty</a>. The Islamic <a href="/wiki/Mughal_Empire" title="Mughal Empire">Mughal Empire</a> (preceded by the <a href="/wiki/Delhi_Sultanate" title="Delhi Sultanate">Delhi Sultanate</a> of the 13th to early 16th century)<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the Hindu <a href="/wiki/Maratha_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Maratha Empire">Maratha Empire</a> controlled much of India in the 16th and 18th centuries respectively.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1273380762/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tleft"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:342px;max-width:342px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:122px;max-width:122px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:93px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Robert_Clive_and_Mir_Jafar_after_the_Battle_of_Plassey,_1757_by_Francis_Hayman.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Robert_Clive_and_Mir_Jafar_after_the_Battle_of_Plassey%2C_1757_by_Francis_Hayman.jpg/120px-Robert_Clive_and_Mir_Jafar_after_the_Battle_of_Plassey%2C_1757_by_Francis_Hayman.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="94" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Robert_Clive_and_Mir_Jafar_after_the_Battle_of_Plassey%2C_1757_by_Francis_Hayman.jpg/250px-Robert_Clive_and_Mir_Jafar_after_the_Battle_of_Plassey%2C_1757_by_Francis_Hayman.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="1870" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">The aftermath of the 1757 <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Plassey" title="Battle of Plassey">Battle of Plassey</a>, which eventually led to British India.</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:67px;max-width:67px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:93px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:China,_the_cake_of_kings_and_emperors,_Le_Petit_Journal_1898.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/China%2C_the_cake_of_kings_and_emperors%2C_Le_Petit_Journal_1898.jpg/65px-China%2C_the_cake_of_kings_and_emperors%2C_Le_Petit_Journal_1898.jpg" decoding="async" width="65" height="94" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/China%2C_the_cake_of_kings_and_emperors%2C_Le_Petit_Journal_1898.jpg/98px-China%2C_the_cake_of_kings_and_emperors%2C_Le_Petit_Journal_1898.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/China%2C_the_cake_of_kings_and_emperors%2C_Le_Petit_Journal_1898.jpg/130px-China%2C_the_cake_of_kings_and_emperors%2C_Le_Petit_Journal_1898.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5481" data-file-height="7908" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">An 1898 depiction of Western powers <a href="/wiki/Foreign_concessions_in_China" title="Foreign concessions in China">carving up China</a>.</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:147px;max-width:147px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:93px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Victor_Gillam_A_Thing_Well_Begun_Is_Half_Done_1899_Cornell_CUL_PJM_1136_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Victor_Gillam_A_Thing_Well_Begun_Is_Half_Done_1899_Cornell_CUL_PJM_1136_01.jpg/250px-Victor_Gillam_A_Thing_Well_Begun_Is_Half_Done_1899_Cornell_CUL_PJM_1136_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="145" height="94" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Victor_Gillam_A_Thing_Well_Begun_Is_Half_Done_1899_Cornell_CUL_PJM_1136_01.jpg/330px-Victor_Gillam_A_Thing_Well_Begun_Is_Half_Done_1899_Cornell_CUL_PJM_1136_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="2593" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">A depiction of America building <a href="/wiki/Panama_Canal" title="Panama Canal">connections to the Pacific</a> and its Filipino colony (left) after the 1898 <a href="/wiki/Spanish%E2%80%93American_War" title="Spanish–American War">Spanish–American War</a>.</div></div></div></div></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Western_imperialism_in_Asia" title="Western imperialism in Asia">Western imperialism in Asia</a> from the 18th to 20th centuries coincided with the <a href="/wiki/Industrial_Revolution" title="Industrial Revolution">Industrial Revolution</a> in the West and the dethroning of India and China as the world's foremost economies.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/British_Empire" title="British Empire">British Empire</a> first became dominant in South Asia, with most of the region being <a href="/wiki/Company_rule_in_India" title="Company rule in India">conquered by British traders</a> in the late 18th and early 19th centuries before falling under <a href="/wiki/British_Raj" title="British Raj">direct British rule</a> after a failed <a href="/wiki/1857_revolt" class="mw-redirect" title="1857 revolt">1857 revolt</a>; the 1869 completion of the <a href="/wiki/Suez_Canal" title="Suez Canal">Suez Canal</a>, which increased British access to India, went on to <a href="/wiki/New_Imperialism" title="New Imperialism">further European influence</a> over Africa and Asia.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Around this time, Western powers started to dominate China in what later became known as the <a href="/wiki/Century_of_humiliation" title="Century of humiliation">century of humiliation</a>, with the British-supported <a href="/wiki/History_of_opium_in_China#Growth_of_the_opium_trade" title="History of opium in China">opium trade</a> and later <a href="/wiki/Opium_Wars" title="Opium Wars">Opium Wars</a> resulting in China being forced into an unprecedented situation of importing more than it exported.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Foreign domination of China was furthered by the <a href="/wiki/Japanese_colonial_empire" title="Japanese colonial empire">Japanese colonial empire</a>, which controlled some of East Asia and briefly much of Southeast Asia (which had earlier been <a href="/wiki/European_colonisation_of_Southeast_Asia" title="European colonisation of Southeast Asia">taken over</a> by the British, Dutch and French in the late 19th century),<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/New_Guinea" title="New Guinea">New Guinea</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Pacific_islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Pacific islands">Pacific islands</a>; Japan's domination was enabled by its rapid rise that had taken place during the <a href="/wiki/Meiji_era" title="Meiji era">Meiji era</a> of the late 19th century, in which it applied industrial knowledge learned from the West and thus overtook the rest of Asia.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One significant influence on Japan had been the United States, which had begun projecting influence across the Pacific after its early-to-mid-19th century <a href="/wiki/Westward_expansion" class="mw-redirect" title="Westward expansion">westward expansion</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Decline_of_the_Ottoman_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Decline of the Ottoman Empire">breakup of the Ottoman Empire</a> in the early 20th century led to the Middle East also being <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Middle_East#Modern_Middle_East" title="History of the Middle East">contested and partitioned</a> by the British and French.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Contemporary_era">Contemporary era</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Soviet_Union_and_China_map_including_the_three_co-bordering_countries.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Soviet_Union_and_China_map_including_the_three_co-bordering_countries.svg/250px-Soviet_Union_and_China_map_including_the_three_co-bordering_countries.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="117" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Soviet_Union_and_China_map_including_the_three_co-bordering_countries.svg/330px-Soviet_Union_and_China_map_including_the_three_co-bordering_countries.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Soviet_Union_and_China_map_including_the_three_co-bordering_countries.svg/440px-Soviet_Union_and_China_map_including_the_three_co-bordering_countries.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="317" data-file-height="169" /></a><figcaption>The Soviet Union (in red) and China (yellow) controlled most of Asia in the late 20th century</figcaption></figure> <p>With the end of <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> in 1945 and the wartime ruination of Europe and imperial Japan, many countries in Asia were able to rapidly <a href="/wiki/Decolonisation_of_Asia" title="Decolonisation of Asia">free themselves</a> of colonial rule.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Independence_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Independence of India">independence of India</a> came along with the <a href="/wiki/Partition_of_India" title="Partition of India">carving out</a> of a separate nation for the majority of <a href="/wiki/South_Asian_Muslims" class="mw-redirect" title="South Asian Muslims">South Asian Muslims</a>, which in 1971 <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Liberation_War" title="Bangladesh Liberation War">further split</a> into Pakistan and <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Cold_War_in_Asia" title="Cold War in Asia">Cold War in Asia</a> strained relations between India and Pakistan and affected Asia more generally.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/End_of_the_Cold_War" class="mw-redirect" title="End of the Cold War">end of the Cold War</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Dissolution of the Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> by 1991 saw the independence of the five modern Central Asian countries.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Some Arab countries took economic advantage of massive oil deposits that were discovered in their territory, becoming globally influential,<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> though stability in the Middle East has been affected since 1948 by the <a href="/wiki/Arab%E2%80%93Israeli_conflict" title="Arab–Israeli conflict">Arab–Israeli conflict</a> and American-led <a href="/wiki/United_States_foreign_policy_in_the_Middle_East" title="United States foreign policy in the Middle East">interventions</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> East Asian nations (along with Singapore in Southeast Asia) became economically prosperous with high-growth "<a href="/wiki/Tiger_economies" class="mw-redirect" title="Tiger economies">tiger economies</a>";<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> China, having undergone <a href="/wiki/Chinese_economic_reform" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese economic reform">market-driven reforms</a> under <a href="/wiki/Deng_Xiaoping" title="Deng Xiaoping">Deng Xiaoping</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> regained its place among the top two economies of the world by the 21st century.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> India has also grown significantly because of <a href="/wiki/Economic_liberalisation_in_India" title="Economic liberalisation in India">economic liberalisation</a> that started in the 1990s,<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with extreme poverty now below 20%;<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> India and China's rise has coincided with growing tensions between the two, with the <a href="/wiki/Indo-Pacific" title="Indo-Pacific">Indo-Pacific</a> now an actively contested area between China and counterbalancing forces.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Anaximander_world_map_(mul).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="The threefold division of the Old World into Europe, Asia and Africa has been in use since the 6th century BCE, due to Greek geographers such as Anaximander and Hecataeus"><img alt="The threefold division of the Old World into Europe, Asia and Africa has been in use since the 6th century BCE, due to Greek geographers such as Anaximander and Hecataeus" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Anaximander_world_map_%28mul%29.svg/120px-Anaximander_world_map_%28mul%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Anaximander_world_map_%28mul%29.svg/250px-Anaximander_world_map_%28mul%29.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1134" data-file-height="1134" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The threefold division of the <a href="/wiki/Old_World" title="Old World">Old World</a> into Europe, Asia and Africa has been in use since the 6th century BCE, due to <a href="/wiki/Greek_geographers" class="mw-redirect" title="Greek geographers">Greek geographers</a> such as <a href="/wiki/Anaximander" title="Anaximander">Anaximander</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hecataeus_of_Miletus" title="Hecataeus of Miletus">Hecataeus</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:A_new_universal_atlas_of_the_world.Asia.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="1825 map of Asia by Sidney Edwards Morse"><img alt="1825 map of Asia by Sidney Edwards Morse" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/A_new_universal_atlas_of_the_world.Asia.jpg/120px-A_new_universal_atlas_of_the_world.Asia.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="94" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/A_new_universal_atlas_of_the_world.Asia.jpg/180px-A_new_universal_atlas_of_the_world.Asia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/A_new_universal_atlas_of_the_world.Asia.jpg/240px-A_new_universal_atlas_of_the_world.Asia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3172" data-file-height="2497" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">1825 map of Asia by <a href="/wiki/Sidney_Edwards_Morse" title="Sidney Edwards Morse">Sidney Edwards Morse</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:A_Map_of_the_Countries_between_Constantinople_and_Calcutta-_Including_Turkey_in_Asia,_Persia,_Afghanistan_and_Turkestan_WDL11753.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Map of western, southern, and central Asia in 1885[82]"><img alt="Map of western, southern, and central Asia in 1885[82]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/A_Map_of_the_Countries_between_Constantinople_and_Calcutta-_Including_Turkey_in_Asia%2C_Persia%2C_Afghanistan_and_Turkestan_WDL11753.png/120px-A_Map_of_the_Countries_between_Constantinople_and_Calcutta-_Including_Turkey_in_Asia%2C_Persia%2C_Afghanistan_and_Turkestan_WDL11753.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="88" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/A_Map_of_the_Countries_between_Constantinople_and_Calcutta-_Including_Turkey_in_Asia%2C_Persia%2C_Afghanistan_and_Turkestan_WDL11753.png/180px-A_Map_of_the_Countries_between_Constantinople_and_Calcutta-_Including_Turkey_in_Asia%2C_Persia%2C_Afghanistan_and_Turkestan_WDL11753.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/A_Map_of_the_Countries_between_Constantinople_and_Calcutta-_Including_Turkey_in_Asia%2C_Persia%2C_Afghanistan_and_Turkestan_WDL11753.png/240px-A_Map_of_the_Countries_between_Constantinople_and_Calcutta-_Including_Turkey_in_Asia%2C_Persia%2C_Afghanistan_and_Turkestan_WDL11753.png 2x" data-file-width="1391" data-file-height="1024" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Map of western, southern, and central Asia in 1885<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Modern_Asia_(1796).tif" class="mw-file-description" title="The map of Asia in 1796, which also included the continent of Australia (then known as New Holland)"><img alt="The map of Asia in 1796, which also included the continent of Australia (then known as New Holland)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Modern_Asia_%281796%29.tif/lossy-page1-95px-Modern_Asia_%281796%29.tif.jpg" decoding="async" width="95" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Modern_Asia_%281796%29.tif/lossy-page1-143px-Modern_Asia_%281796%29.tif.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Modern_Asia_%281796%29.tif/lossy-page1-191px-Modern_Asia_%281796%29.tif.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1287" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The map of Asia in 1796, which also included the continent of <a href="/wiki/Australia_(continent)" title="Australia (continent)">Australia</a> (then known as <a href="/wiki/New_Holland_(Australia)" title="New Holland (Australia)">New Holland</a>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Asien_Bd1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="1890 map of Asia"><img alt="1890 map of Asia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Asien_Bd1.jpg/120px-Asien_Bd1.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="95" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Asien_Bd1.jpg/180px-Asien_Bd1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Asien_Bd1.jpg/240px-Asien_Bd1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2500" data-file-height="1974" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">1890 map of Asia</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Asia" title="Geography of Asia">Geography of Asia</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Category:Biota_of_Asia" title="Category:Biota of Asia">Category:Biota of Asia</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Himalayas.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Himalayas.jpg/220px-Himalayas.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Himalayas.jpg/330px-Himalayas.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Himalayas.jpg/440px-Himalayas.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3032" data-file-height="1998" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Himalayas" title="Himalayas">Himalayan</a> range is home to some of the planet's highest peaks</figcaption></figure> <p>Asia is the largest continent on Earth. It covers 9% of the Earth's total surface area (or 30% of its land area), and has the longest coastline, at 62,800 kilometres (39,022 mi). Asia is generally defined as comprising the eastern four-fifths of Eurasia. It is located to the east of the <a href="/wiki/Suez_Canal" title="Suez Canal">Suez Canal</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Ural_Mountains" title="Ural Mountains">Ural Mountains</a>, and south of the <a href="/wiki/Caucasus_Mountains" title="Caucasus Mountains">Caucasus Mountains</a> (or the <a href="/wiki/Kuma%E2%80%93Manych_Depression" title="Kuma–Manych Depression">Kuma–Manych Depression</a>) and the <a href="/wiki/Caspian_Sea" title="Caspian Sea">Caspian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Black_Sea" title="Black Sea">Black Seas</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-National_Geographic-1999_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-National_Geographic-1999-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is bounded on the east by the <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Ocean" title="Pacific Ocean">Pacific Ocean</a>, on the south by the Indian Ocean and on the north by the Arctic Ocean. Asia is subdivided into 49 countries, five of them (<a href="/wiki/Georgia_(country)" title="Georgia (country)">Georgia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan" title="Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a>) are <a href="/wiki/Transcontinental_countries" class="mw-redirect" title="Transcontinental countries">transcontinental countries</a> lying partly in Europe. Geographically, Russia is partly in Asia, but is considered a <a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states_and_dependent_territories_in_Europe" title="List of sovereign states and dependent territories in Europe">European nation</a>, both <a href="/wiki/Russian_culture" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian culture">culturally</a> and politically. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Gobi_Desert" title="Gobi Desert">Gobi Desert</a> is in Mongolia and the <a href="/wiki/Arabian_Desert" title="Arabian Desert">Arabian Desert</a> stretches across much of the Middle East. The <a href="/wiki/Yangtze" title="Yangtze">Yangtze</a> in China is the longest river in the continent. The Himalayas between Nepal and China is the tallest mountain range in the world. <a href="/wiki/Tropical_rainforest" title="Tropical rainforest">Tropical rainforests</a> stretch across much of southern Asia and coniferous and <a href="/wiki/Deciduous" title="Deciduous">deciduous</a> forests lie farther north. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tundra_in_Siberia.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Siberian tundra"><img alt="Siberian tundra" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Tundra_in_Siberia.jpg/120px-Tundra_in_Siberia.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="79" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Tundra_in_Siberia.jpg/180px-Tundra_in_Siberia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Tundra_in_Siberia.jpg/240px-Tundra_in_Siberia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="911" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Siberian" class="mw-redirect" title="Siberian">Siberian</a> <a href="/wiki/Tundra" title="Tundra">tundra</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gunung_Palung_Jungle.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Rainforest in Borneo"><img alt="Rainforest in Borneo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Gunung_Palung_Jungle.jpg/120px-Gunung_Palung_Jungle.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Gunung_Palung_Jungle.jpg/180px-Gunung_Palung_Jungle.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Gunung_Palung_Jungle.jpg/240px-Gunung_Palung_Jungle.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1067" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Rainforest" title="Rainforest">Rainforest</a> in <a href="/wiki/Borneo" title="Borneo">Borneo</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kerala_Backwaters,_India.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Kerala backwaters"><img alt="Kerala backwaters" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Kerala_Backwaters%2C_India.JPG/120px-Kerala_Backwaters%2C_India.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Kerala_Backwaters%2C_India.JPG/180px-Kerala_Backwaters%2C_India.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Kerala_Backwaters%2C_India.JPG/240px-Kerala_Backwaters%2C_India.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1704" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Kerala_backwaters" title="Kerala backwaters">Kerala backwaters</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Naadam_rider_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Mongolian steppe"><img alt="Mongolian steppe" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Naadam_rider_2.jpg/120px-Naadam_rider_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Naadam_rider_2.jpg/180px-Naadam_rider_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Naadam_rider_2.jpg/240px-Naadam_rider_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1603" data-file-height="1203" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Mongolian <a href="/wiki/Steppe" title="Steppe">steppe</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:1_li_jiang_guilin_yangshuo_2011.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="South China Karst"><img alt="South China Karst" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/1_li_jiang_guilin_yangshuo_2011.jpg/120px-1_li_jiang_guilin_yangshuo_2011.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/1_li_jiang_guilin_yangshuo_2011.jpg/180px-1_li_jiang_guilin_yangshuo_2011.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/1_li_jiang_guilin_yangshuo_2011.jpg/240px-1_li_jiang_guilin_yangshuo_2011.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3983" data-file-height="2640" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/South_China_Karst" title="South China Karst">South China Karst</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Taman_Negara,_Malaysia,_Panoramic_view.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Taman Negara, Peninsular Malaysia"><img alt="Taman Negara, Peninsular Malaysia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Taman_Negara%2C_Malaysia%2C_Panoramic_view.jpg/120px-Taman_Negara%2C_Malaysia%2C_Panoramic_view.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Taman_Negara%2C_Malaysia%2C_Panoramic_view.jpg/250px-Taman_Negara%2C_Malaysia%2C_Panoramic_view.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="3984" data-file-height="2656" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Taman_Negara" title="Taman Negara">Taman Negara</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peninsular_Malaysia" title="Peninsular Malaysia">Peninsular Malaysia</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Akkem_Valley_2011.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Altai Mountains"><img alt="Altai Mountains" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Akkem_Valley_2011.jpg/120px-Akkem_Valley_2011.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Akkem_Valley_2011.jpg/250px-Akkem_Valley_2011.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="4176" data-file-height="2784" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Altai_Mountains" title="Altai Mountains">Altai Mountains</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hunza_Valley_from_Eagle_Point.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Hunza Valley"><img alt="Hunza Valley" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Hunza_Valley_from_Eagle_Point.jpg/120px-Hunza_Valley_from_Eagle_Point.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Hunza_Valley_from_Eagle_Point.jpg/250px-Hunza_Valley_from_Eagle_Point.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Hunza_Valley" title="Hunza Valley">Hunza Valley</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Baa_atoll_islands.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Atolls of the Maldives"><img alt="Atolls of the Maldives" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Baa_atoll_islands.JPG/120px-Baa_atoll_islands.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Baa_atoll_islands.JPG/180px-Baa_atoll_islands.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Baa_atoll_islands.JPG/240px-Baa_atoll_islands.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Atolls_of_the_Maldives" title="Atolls of the Maldives">Atolls of the Maldives</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Red_sand_of_the_Wadi_Rum_desert.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wadi Rum in Jordan"><img alt="Wadi Rum in Jordan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Red_sand_of_the_Wadi_Rum_desert.jpg/120px-Red_sand_of_the_Wadi_Rum_desert.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Red_sand_of_the_Wadi_Rum_desert.jpg/180px-Red_sand_of_the_Wadi_Rum_desert.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Red_sand_of_the_Wadi_Rum_desert.jpg/240px-Red_sand_of_the_Wadi_Rum_desert.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7296" data-file-height="5472" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Wadi_Rum" title="Wadi Rum">Wadi Rum</a> in <a href="/wiki/Jordan" title="Jordan">Jordan</a></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Main_regions">Main regions</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Detailed_map_of_Asian_regions.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Detailed_map_of_Asian_regions.png/330px-Detailed_map_of_Asian_regions.png" decoding="async" width="310" height="306" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Detailed_map_of_Asian_regions.png/500px-Detailed_map_of_Asian_regions.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Detailed_map_of_Asian_regions.png/960px-Detailed_map_of_Asian_regions.png 2x" data-file-width="3465" data-file-height="3417" /></a><figcaption>Detailed map of Asian regions</figcaption></figure> <p>There are various approaches to the regional division of Asia. The following subdivision into regions is used, among others, by the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Statistics_Division" title="United Nations Statistics Division">United Nations Statistics Division</a> (UNSD). This division of Asia into regions by the United Nations is done solely for statistical reasons and does not imply any assumption about political or other affiliations of countries and territories.<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/North_Asia" title="North Asia">North Asia</a> (<a href="/wiki/Siberia" title="Siberia">Siberia</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Asia" title="Central Asia">Central Asia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Asia" title="West Asia">West Asia</a> (The <a href="/wiki/Middle_East" title="Middle East">Middle East</a> or <a href="/wiki/Near_East" title="Near East">Near East</a> and part of the <a href="/wiki/Caucasus" title="Caucasus">Caucasus</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Asia" title="South Asia">South Asia</a> (<a href="/wiki/Indian_subcontinent" title="Indian subcontinent">Indian subcontinent</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Asia" title="East Asia">East Asia</a> (<a href="/wiki/Far_East" title="Far East">Far East</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southeast_Asia" title="Southeast Asia">Southeast Asia</a> (<a href="/wiki/East_Indies" title="East Indies">East Indies</a> and <a href="/wiki/Indochina" class="mw-redirect" title="Indochina">Indochina</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Climate">Climate</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Asia" title="Climate of Asia">Climate of Asia</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Koppen-Geiger_Map_Asia_present.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Koppen-Geiger_Map_Asia_present.svg/310px-Koppen-Geiger_Map_Asia_present.svg.png" decoding="async" width="310" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Koppen-Geiger_Map_Asia_present.svg/465px-Koppen-Geiger_Map_Asia_present.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Koppen-Geiger_Map_Asia_present.svg/620px-Koppen-Geiger_Map_Asia_present.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="850" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Köppen-Geiger climate classification</a> map for Asia<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>Asia has extremely diverse climate features. Climates range from <a href="/wiki/Arctic" title="Arctic">Arctic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Subarctic" title="Subarctic">subarctic</a> in Siberia to tropical in southern India and Southeast Asia. It is moist across southeast sections, and dry across much of the interior. Some of the largest daily temperature ranges on Earth occur in western sections of Asia. The <a href="/wiki/Monsoon" title="Monsoon">monsoon</a> circulation dominates across southern and eastern sections, due to the presence of the Himalayas forcing the formation of a thermal low which draws in moisture during the summer. Southwestern sections of the continent are hot. Siberia is one of the coldest places in the <a href="/wiki/Northern_Hemisphere" title="Northern Hemisphere">Northern Hemisphere</a>, and can act as a source of arctic air masses for North America. The most active place on Earth for <a href="/wiki/Tropical_cyclone" title="Tropical cyclone">tropical cyclone</a> activity lies northeast of the <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a> and south of Japan. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Climate_change">Climate change</h4></div> <div class="excerpt-block"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1066933788">.mw-parser-output .excerpt-hat .mw-editsection-like{font-style:normal}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable dablink excerpt-hat selfref">This section is an excerpt from <a href="/wiki/Climate_change_in_Asia" title="Climate change in Asia">Climate change in Asia</a>.<span class="mw-editsection-like plainlinks"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Climate_change_in_Asia&action=edit">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div><div class="excerpt"> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2022_Pakistan_Floods_-_August_27,_2021_vs._August_27,_2022_in_Sindh.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/2022_Pakistan_Floods_-_August_27%2C_2021_vs._August_27%2C_2022_in_Sindh.jpg/500px-2022_Pakistan_Floods_-_August_27%2C_2021_vs._August_27%2C_2022_in_Sindh.jpg" decoding="async" width="440" height="289" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/2022_Pakistan_Floods_-_August_27%2C_2021_vs._August_27%2C_2022_in_Sindh.jpg/960px-2022_Pakistan_Floods_-_August_27%2C_2021_vs._August_27%2C_2022_in_Sindh.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="8830" data-file-height="5792" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/2022_South_Asian_floods" title="2022 South Asian floods">2022 South Asian floods</a>, including in <a href="/wiki/2022_Pakistan_floods" title="2022 Pakistan floods">Pakistan</a> (pictured) are an example of a climate change impact.<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Climate_change" title="Climate change">Climate change</a> is particularly important in Asia, as the continent accounts for the majority of the human population. Warming since the 20th century is increasing the threat of <a href="/wiki/Heatwave" class="mw-redirect" title="Heatwave">heatwaves</a> across the entire continent.<sup id="cite_ref-Climate_change_in_Asia_AR6_WGII_Chapter10_91-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Climate_change_in_Asia_AR6_WGII_Chapter10-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 1459">: 1459 </span></sup> Heatwaves lead to increased mortality, and the demand for <a href="/wiki/Air_conditioning" title="Air conditioning">air conditioning</a> is rapidly accelerating as the result. By 2080, around 1 billion people in the cities of <a href="/wiki/South_Asia" title="South Asia">South</a> and <a href="/wiki/Southeast_Asia" title="Southeast Asia">Southeast Asia</a> are expected to experience around a month of extreme heat every year.<sup id="cite_ref-Climate_change_in_Asia_AR6_WGII_Chapter10_91-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Climate_change_in_Asia_AR6_WGII_Chapter10-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 1460">: 1460 </span></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Effects_of_climate_change_on_the_water_cycle" title="Effects of climate change on the water cycle">impacts on water cycle</a> are more complicated: already arid regions, primarily located in <a href="/wiki/West_Asia" title="West Asia">West Asia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Central_Asia" title="Central Asia">Central Asia</a>, will see more <a href="/wiki/Drought" title="Drought">droughts</a>, while areas of <a href="/wiki/East_Asia" title="East Asia">East</a>, Southeast and South Asia which are already wet due to the <a href="/wiki/Monsoon" title="Monsoon">monsoons</a> will experience more flooding.<sup id="cite_ref-Climate_change_in_Asia_AR6_WGII_Chapter10_91-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Climate_change_in_Asia_AR6_WGII_Chapter10-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 1459">: 1459 </span></sup> </p><p>The waters around Asia are subjected to the same <a href="/wiki/Effects_of_climate_change_on_oceans" title="Effects of climate change on oceans">impacts</a> as elsewhere, such as the increased warming and <a href="/wiki/Ocean_acidification" title="Ocean acidification">ocean acidification</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Climate_change_in_Asia_AR6_WGII_Chapter10_91-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Climate_change_in_Asia_AR6_WGII_Chapter10-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 1465">: 1465 </span></sup> There are many <a href="/wiki/Coral_reef" title="Coral reef">coral reefs</a> in the region, and they are highly vulnerable to climate change,<sup id="cite_ref-Climate_change_in_Asia_AR6_WGII_Chapter10_91-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Climate_change_in_Asia_AR6_WGII_Chapter10-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 1459">: 1459 </span></sup> to the point practically all of them will be lost if the warming exceeds 1.5 °C (2.7 °F).<sup id="cite_ref-Climate_change_in_Asia_ArmstrongMcKay2022_92-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Climate_change_in_Asia_ArmstrongMcKay2022-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Climate_change_in_Asia_ArmstrongMcKayExplainer_93-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Climate_change_in_Asia_ArmstrongMcKayExplainer-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Asia's distinctive <a href="/wiki/Mangrove" title="Mangrove">mangrove</a> ecosystems are also highly vulnerable to <a href="/wiki/Sea_level_rise" title="Sea level rise">sea level rise</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Climate_change_in_Asia_AR6_WGII_Chapter10_91-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Climate_change_in_Asia_AR6_WGII_Chapter10-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 1459">: 1459 </span></sup> Asia also has more countries with large coastal populations than any other continent, which would cause large economic impacts from sea level rise.<sup id="cite_ref-Climate_change_in_Asia_AR6_WGII_Chapter10_91-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Climate_change_in_Asia_AR6_WGII_Chapter10-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 1459">: 1459 </span></sup> Water supplies in the <a href="/wiki/Hindu_Kush" title="Hindu Kush">Hindu Kush</a> region will become more unstable as its enormous <a href="/wiki/Glacier" title="Glacier">glaciers</a>, known as the "Asian water towers", gradually melt.<sup id="cite_ref-Climate_change_in_Asia_AR6_WGII_Chapter10_91-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Climate_change_in_Asia_AR6_WGII_Chapter10-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 1459">: 1459 </span></sup> These changes to water cycle also affect vector-borne disease distribution, with malaria and dengue fever expected to become more prominent in the tropical and subtropical regions.<sup id="cite_ref-Climate_change_in_Asia_AR6_WGII_Chapter10_91-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Climate_change_in_Asia_AR6_WGII_Chapter10-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 1459">: 1459 </span></sup> <a href="/wiki/Food_security" title="Food security">Food security</a> will become more uneven, and South Asian countries could experience significant impacts from global food price volatility.<sup id="cite_ref-Climate_change_in_Asia_AR6_WGII_Chapter10_91-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Climate_change_in_Asia_AR6_WGII_Chapter10-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 1494">: 1494 </span></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kang_2018_NCP_irrigation_RCPs.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Kang_2018_NCP_irrigation_RCPs.png/250px-Kang_2018_NCP_irrigation_RCPs.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="245" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Kang_2018_NCP_irrigation_RCPs.png/330px-Kang_2018_NCP_irrigation_RCPs.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Kang_2018_NCP_irrigation_RCPs.png/500px-Kang_2018_NCP_irrigation_RCPs.png 2x" data-file-width="2049" data-file-height="2282" /></a><figcaption>Climate change is expected to exacerbate <a href="/wiki/Heat_stress" class="mw-redirect" title="Heat stress">heat stress</a> over at the <a href="/wiki/North_China_Plain" title="North China Plain">North China Plain</a>, which is particularly vulnerable as widespread <a href="/wiki/Irrigation" title="Irrigation">irrigation</a> results in very moist air. There is a risk that agricultural labourers will be physically unable to work outdoors on hot summer days at the end of the century, particularly under the scenario of greatest emissions and warming.<sup id="cite_ref-Climate_change_in_Asia_Kang2018_94-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Climate_change_in_Asia_Kang2018-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>Historical emissions from Asia are lower than those from Europe and North America. However, China has been the single largest emitter of greenhouse gases in the 21st century, while India is the third-largest. As a whole, Asia currently accounts for 36% of world's primary <a href="/wiki/Energy" title="Energy">energy</a> consumption, which is expected to increase to 48% by 2050. By 2040, it is also expected to account for 80% of the world's <a href="/wiki/Coal" title="Coal">coal</a> and 26% of the world's <a href="/wiki/Natural_gas" title="Natural gas">natural gas</a> consumption.<sup id="cite_ref-Climate_change_in_Asia_AR6_WGII_Chapter10_91-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Climate_change_in_Asia_AR6_WGII_Chapter10-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 1468">: 1468 </span></sup> While the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> remains the world's largest <a href="/wiki/Oil" title="Oil">oil</a> consumer, by 2050 it is projected to move to third place, behind China and India.<sup id="cite_ref-Climate_change_in_Asia_AR6_WGII_Chapter10_91-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Climate_change_in_Asia_AR6_WGII_Chapter10-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 1470">: 1470 </span></sup> While nearly half of the world's new <a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy" title="Renewable energy">renewable energy</a> capacity is built in Asia,<sup id="cite_ref-Climate_change_in_Asia_AR6_WGII_Chapter10_91-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Climate_change_in_Asia_AR6_WGII_Chapter10-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 1470">: 1470 </span></sup> this is not yet sufficient in order to meet the goals of the <a href="/wiki/Paris_Agreement" title="Paris Agreement">Paris Agreement</a>. They imply that the renewables would account for 35% of total energy consumption in Asia by 2030.<sup id="cite_ref-Climate_change_in_Asia_AR6_WGII_Chapter10_91-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Climate_change_in_Asia_AR6_WGII_Chapter10-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 1471">: 1471 </span></sup> </p> <a href="/wiki/Climate_change_adaptation" title="Climate change adaptation">Climate change adaptation</a> is already a reality for many Asian countries, with a wide range of strategies attempted across the continent.<sup id="cite_ref-Climate_change_in_Asia_AR6_WGII_Chapter10_91-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Climate_change_in_Asia_AR6_WGII_Chapter10-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 1534">: 1534 </span></sup> Important examples include the growing implementation of <a href="/wiki/Climate-smart_agriculture" title="Climate-smart agriculture">climate-smart agriculture</a> in certain countries or the "<a href="/wiki/Sponge_city" title="Sponge city">sponge city</a>" planning principles in China.<sup id="cite_ref-Climate_change_in_Asia_AR6_WGII_Chapter10_91-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Climate_change_in_Asia_AR6_WGII_Chapter10-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 1534">: 1534 </span></sup> While some countries have drawn up extensive frameworks such as the Bangladesh Delta Plan or Japan's Climate Adaptation Act,<sup id="cite_ref-Climate_change_in_Asia_AR6_WGII_Chapter10_91-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Climate_change_in_Asia_AR6_WGII_Chapter10-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 1508">: 1508 </span></sup> others still rely on localized actions that are not effectively scaled up.<sup id="cite_ref-Climate_change_in_Asia_AR6_WGII_Chapter10_91-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Climate_change_in_Asia_AR6_WGII_Chapter10-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 1534">: 1534 </span></sup></div></div> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Politics">Politics</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Asia" title="Politics of Asia">Politics of Asia</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states_and_dependent_territories_in_Asia" title="List of sovereign states and dependent territories in Asia">List of sovereign states and dependent territories in Asia</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:V-Dem_Democracy_Indices_2023_Asia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/V-Dem_Democracy_Indices_2023_Asia.svg/310px-V-Dem_Democracy_Indices_2023_Asia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="310" height="246" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/V-Dem_Democracy_Indices_2023_Asia.svg/465px-V-Dem_Democracy_Indices_2023_Asia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/V-Dem_Democracy_Indices_2023_Asia.svg/620px-V-Dem_Democracy_Indices_2023_Asia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1243" data-file-height="988" /></a><figcaption>Map of 2023 <a href="/wiki/V-Dem_Democracy_Indices" title="V-Dem Democracy Indices">V-Dem Electoral Democracy Index</a> for Asia <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1216972533">.mw-parser-output .col-begin{border-collapse:collapse;padding:0;color:inherit;width:100%;border:0;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .col-begin-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .col-break{vertical-align:top;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .col-break-2{width:50%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-3{width:33.3%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-4{width:25%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-5{width:20%}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .col-begin,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr>td{display:block!important;width:100%!important}.mw-parser-output .col-break{padding-left:0!important}}</style><div> <table class="col-begin" role="presentation"> <tbody><tr> <td class="col-break"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#0c3091; color:white;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;"> </span> 0.900–1.000</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#2f5cd5; color:white;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;"> </span> 0.800–0.899</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#6bd2df; color:black;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;"> </span> 0.700–0.799</div> </td> <td class="col-break"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#c3eded; color:black;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;"> </span> 0.600–0.699</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#f9f8bb; color:black;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;"> </span> 0.500–0.599</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#fad45d; color:black;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;"> </span> 0.400–0.499</div> </td> <td class="col-break"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#da820f; color:black;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;"> </span> 0.300–0.399</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#a8261f; color:white;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;"> </span> 0.200–0.299</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#66000f; color:white;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;"> </span> 0.100–0.199</div> </td> <td class="col-break"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#240011; color:white;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;"> </span> 0.000–0.099</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#c0c0c0; color:black;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;"> </span> No data</div>   </td></tr></tbody></table></div></figcaption></figure> <p>The most <a href="/wiki/Democracy_in_Asia" title="Democracy in Asia">democratic countries in Asia</a> are <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a> according to the <a href="/wiki/V-Dem_Democracy_indices" class="mw-redirect" title="V-Dem Democracy indices">V-Dem Democracy indices</a> in 2024.<sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="List_of_states_and_territories">List of states and territories</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states_and_dependent_territories_in_Asia" title="List of sovereign states and dependent territories in Asia">List of sovereign states and dependent territories in Asia</a></div> <div role="img" class="noresize" style="width: 495px; line-height: 1; text-align: center; background-color: #ffffff; position: relative;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Asia-Recoloured.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Asia-Recoloured.png/495px-Asia-Recoloured.png" decoding="async" width="495" height="387" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1d/Asia-Recoloured.png 1.5x" data-file-width="508" data-file-height="397" /></a></span> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:105px; top:192px"><a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran"><span style="color: black">Iran</span></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:272px; top:177px"><a href="/wiki/China" title="China"><span style="color: black">China</span></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:63px; top:229px"><a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia"><span style="color: black">Saudi<br />Arabia</span></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:422px; top:173px"><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan"><span style="color: black">Japan</span></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:128px; top:119px"><a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan"><span style="color: black">Kazakhstan</span></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:207px; top:237px"><a href="/wiki/India" title="India"><span style="color: black">India</span></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:262px; top:126px"><a href="/wiki/Mongolia" title="Mongolia"><span style="color: black">Mongolia</span></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:342px; top:354px"><a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia"><span style="color: black">Indonesia</span></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:327px; top:314px"><a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia"><span style="color: black">Malaysia</span></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:379px; top:281px"><a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines"><span style="color: black">Philippines</span></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:325px; top:259px"><a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam"><span style="color: black">Vietnam</span></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:310px; top:326px"><a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore"><span style="color: black">Singapore</span></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:371px; top:160px"><a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea"><span style="color: black">South Korea</span></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:371px; top:148px"><a href="/wiki/North_Korea" title="North Korea"><span style="color: black">North Korea</span></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:131px; top:183px"><a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan"><span style="color: black">Afghanistan</span></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:151px; top:210px"><a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan"><span style="color: black">Pakistan</span></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:293px; top:264px"><a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand"><span style="color: black">Thailand</span></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:306px; top:246px"><a href="/wiki/Laos" title="Laos"><span style="color: black">Laos</span></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:318px; top:279px"><a href="/wiki/Cambodia" title="Cambodia"><span style="color: black">Cambodia</span></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:408px; top:367px"><a href="/wiki/Timor-Leste" title="Timor-Leste"><span style="color: black">Timor-Leste</span></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:359px; top:306px"><a href="/wiki/Brunei" title="Brunei"><span style="color: black">Brunei</span></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:273px; top:237px"><a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar"><span style="color: black">Myanmar</span></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:246px; top:212px"><a href="/wiki/Bhutan" title="Bhutan"><span style="color: black">Bhutan</span></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:240px; top:227px"><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh"><span style="color: black">Bangladesh</span></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:216px; top:206px"><a href="/wiki/Nepal" title="Nepal"><span style="color: black">Nepal</span></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:375px; top:222px"><i><a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan"><span style="color: black">Taiwan</span></a></i></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:108px; top:148px"><a href="/wiki/Uzbekistan" title="Uzbekistan"><span style="color: black">Uzbekistan</span></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:159px; top:148px"><a href="/wiki/Kyrgyzstan" title="Kyrgyzstan"><span style="color: black">Kyrgyzstan</span></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:169px; top:160px"><a href="/wiki/Tajikistan" title="Tajikistan"><span style="color: black">Tajikistan</span></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:108px; top:160px"><a href="/wiki/Turkmenistan" title="Turkmenistan"><span style="color: black">Turkmenistan</span></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:118px; top:246px"><a href="/wiki/Oman" title="Oman"><span style="color: black">Oman</span></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:78px; top:268px"><a href="/wiki/Yemen" title="Yemen"><span style="color: black">Yemen</span></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:112px; top:231px"><a href="/wiki/UAE" class="mw-redirect" title="UAE"><span style="color: black">UAE</span></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:98px; top:222px"><a href="/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar"><span style="color: black">Qat.</span></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:80px; top:213px"><a href="/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain"><span style="color: black">Bah.</span></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:73px; top:203px"><a href="/wiki/Kuwait" title="Kuwait"><span style="color: black">Kuw.</span></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:69px; top:187px"><a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq"><span style="color: black">Iraq</span></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:38px; top:201px"><a href="/wiki/Jordan" title="Jordan"><span style="color: black">Jordan</span></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:21px; top:184px"><a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel"><span style="color: black">Israel</span></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:40px; top:177px"><a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria"><span style="color: black">Syria</span></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:15px; top:158px"><a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey"><span style="color: black">Turkey</span></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:45px; top:140px"><a href="/wiki/Georgia_(country)" title="Georgia (country)"><span style="color: black">Georgia</span></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:66px; top:151px"><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan" title="Azerbaijan"><span style="color: black">Azer.</span></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:58px; top:160px"><a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia"><span style="color: black">Armenia</span></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:3px; top:175px"><a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus"><span style="color: black">Cyp.</span></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:3.5px; top:201px"><a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt"><span style="color: black">Egypt</span></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:175px; top:302px"><a href="/wiki/Maldives" title="Maldives"><span style="color: black">Maldives</span></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:228px; top:299px"><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka"><span style="color: black">Sri Lanka</span></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:178px; top:57px"><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia"><span style="color: black">Russia</span></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:353px; top:229px"><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong"><span style="color: black">H.K.</span></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:340px; top:240px"><a href="/wiki/Macau" title="Macau"><span style="color: black">Macau</span></a></div> </div> <table class="sortable wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th style="line-height:95%; width:2em" class="unsortable" scope="col">Symbol </th> <th style="line-height:95%; width:2em" class="unsortable" scope="col">Flag </th> <th>Name </th> <th><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_population" class="mw-redirect" title="List of countries by population">Population</a><sup id="cite_ref-UN_WPP_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UN_WPP-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-UN_WPP_2022_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UN_WPP_2022-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />(2021) </th> <th><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_and_dependencies_by_area" title="List of countries and dependencies by area">Area</a><br />(km<sup>2</sup>) </th> <th>Capital </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Emblem_of_Afghanistan" title="Emblem of Afghanistan"><img alt="Emblem" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Arms_of_the_Islamic_Emirate_of_Afghanistan.svg/20px-Arms_of_the_Islamic_Emirate_of_Afghanistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Arms_of_the_Islamic_Emirate_of_Afghanistan.svg/40px-Arms_of_the_Islamic_Emirate_of_Afghanistan.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="315" data-file-height="318" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Afghanistan" title="Flag of Afghanistan"><img alt="Afghanistan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">40,099,462 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">652,864 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kabul" title="Kabul">Kabul</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Armenia" title="Coat of arms of Armenia"><img alt="Coat of arms of Armenia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Arms_of_Armenia.svg/20px-Arms_of_Armenia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Arms_of_Armenia.svg/30px-Arms_of_Armenia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Arms_of_Armenia.svg/40px-Arms_of_Armenia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="170" data-file-height="192" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Armenia" title="Flag of Armenia"><img alt="Armenia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_Armenia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Armenia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_Armenia.svg/60px-Flag_of_Armenia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia">Armenia</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2,790,974 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">29,743 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Yerevan" title="Yerevan">Yerevan</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/National_emblem_of_Azerbaijan" title="National emblem of Azerbaijan"><img alt="National emblem of Azerbaijan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Emblem_of_Azerbaijan.svg/20px-Emblem_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Emblem_of_Azerbaijan.svg/40px-Emblem_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="403" data-file-height="444" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Azerbaijan" title="Flag of Azerbaijan"><img alt="Azerbaijan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/60px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan" title="Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a><sup id="cite_ref-transcon_96-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-transcon-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">10,312,992 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">86,600 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Baku" title="Baku">Baku</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Bahrain" title="Coat of arms of Bahrain"><img alt="Coat of arms of Bahrain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Arms_of_Bahrain.png/20px-Arms_of_Bahrain.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Arms_of_Bahrain.png/30px-Arms_of_Bahrain.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Arms_of_Bahrain.png/40px-Arms_of_Bahrain.png 2x" data-file-width="1107" data-file-height="1238" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Bahrain" title="Flag of Bahrain"><img alt="Bahrain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Bahrain.svg/40px-Flag_of_Bahrain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Bahrain.svg/60px-Flag_of_Bahrain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain">Bahrain</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,463,265 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">760 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Manama" title="Manama">Manama</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/National_Emblem_of_Bangladesh" title="National Emblem of Bangladesh"><img alt="Emblem" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/National_emblem_of_Bangladesh.svg/20px-National_emblem_of_Bangladesh.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/National_emblem_of_Bangladesh.svg/30px-National_emblem_of_Bangladesh.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/National_emblem_of_Bangladesh.svg/40px-National_emblem_of_Bangladesh.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Bangladesh" title="Flag of Bangladesh"><img alt="Bangladesh" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="307" /></a></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">169,356,251 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">147,570 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dhaka" title="Dhaka">Dhaka</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Emblem_of_Bhutan" title="Emblem of Bhutan"><img alt="Emblem" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Emblem_of_Bhutan.svg/20px-Emblem_of_Bhutan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Emblem_of_Bhutan.svg/30px-Emblem_of_Bhutan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Emblem_of_Bhutan.svg/40px-Emblem_of_Bhutan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="660" data-file-height="660" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Bhutan" title="Flag of Bhutan"><img alt="Bhutan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Flag_of_Bhutan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bhutan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Flag_of_Bhutan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bhutan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Flag_of_Bhutan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Bhutan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bhutan" title="Bhutan">Bhutan</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">777,486 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">38,394 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Thimphu" title="Thimphu">Thimphu</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Emblem_of_Brunei" title="Emblem of Brunei"><img alt="Emblem" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Emblem_of_Brunei.svg/20px-Emblem_of_Brunei.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Emblem_of_Brunei.svg/30px-Emblem_of_Brunei.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Emblem_of_Brunei.svg/40px-Emblem_of_Brunei.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="490" data-file-height="430" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Brunei" title="Flag of Brunei"><img alt="Brunei" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Brunei.svg/40px-Flag_of_Brunei.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Brunei.svg/60px-Flag_of_Brunei.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1440" data-file-height="720" /></a></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Brunei" title="Brunei">Brunei</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">445,373 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">5,765 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bandar_Seri_Begawan" title="Bandar Seri Begawan">Bandar Seri Begawan</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Royal_arms_of_Cambodia" title="Royal arms of Cambodia"><img alt="Arms" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Royal_arms_of_Cambodia.svg/20px-Royal_arms_of_Cambodia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Royal_arms_of_Cambodia.svg/40px-Royal_arms_of_Cambodia.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="510" data-file-height="591" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Cambodia" title="Flag of Cambodia"><img alt="Cambodia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_Cambodia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cambodia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_Cambodia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cambodia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_Cambodia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Cambodia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="640" /></a></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cambodia" title="Cambodia">Cambodia</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">16,589,023 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">181,035 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Phnom_Penh" title="Phnom Penh">Phnom Penh</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/National_Emblem_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="National Emblem of the People's Republic of China"><img alt="Emblem" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/National_Emblem_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China_%282%29.svg/20px-National_Emblem_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China_%282%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/National_Emblem_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China_%282%29.svg/40px-National_Emblem_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China_%282%29.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="976" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_China" title="Flag of China"><img alt="China" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> (PRC) </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,425,893,465 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">9,596,961 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Beijing" title="Beijing">Beijing</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Cyprus" title="Coat of arms of Cyprus"><img alt="Coat of arms of Cyprus" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Arms_of_Cyprus.svg/20px-Arms_of_Cyprus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Arms_of_Cyprus.svg/30px-Arms_of_Cyprus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Arms_of_Cyprus.svg/40px-Arms_of_Cyprus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="295" data-file-height="350" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Cyprus" title="Flag of Cyprus"><img alt="Cyprus" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/45px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,244,188 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">9,251 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nicosia" title="Nicosia">Nicosia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Egypt" title="Coat of arms of Egypt"><img alt="Coat of arms of Egypt" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Insigne_Aegyptium.svg/20px-Insigne_Aegyptium.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Insigne_Aegyptium.svg/40px-Insigne_Aegyptium.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="302" data-file-height="353" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Egypt" title="Flag of Egypt"><img alt="Egypt" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/23px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/35px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/45px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a><sup id="cite_ref-transcon_96-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-transcon-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">109,262,178 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,001,449 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cairo" title="Cairo">Cairo</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Georgia_(country)" title="Coat of arms of Georgia (country)"><img alt="Coat of arms of Georgia (country)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Arms_of_Georgia.svg/20px-Arms_of_Georgia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Arms_of_Georgia.svg/40px-Arms_of_Georgia.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="383" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Georgia_(country)" title="Flag of Georgia (country)"><img alt="Georgia (country)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Georgia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg/60px-Flag_of_Georgia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Georgia_(country)" title="Georgia (country)">Georgia</a><sup id="cite_ref-transcon_96-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-transcon-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">3,757,980 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">69,700 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tbilisi" title="Tbilisi">Tbilisi</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/State_Emblem_of_India" title="State Emblem of India"><img alt="Emblem" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Emblem_of_India.svg/20px-Emblem_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="32" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Emblem_of_India.svg/30px-Emblem_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Emblem_of_India.svg/40px-Emblem_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="585" data-file-height="933" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_India" title="Flag of India"><img alt="India" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/23px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/35px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/45px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,407,563,842 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">3,287,263 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_Delhi" title="New Delhi">New Delhi</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/National_emblem_of_Indonesia" title="National emblem of Indonesia"><img alt="Emblem" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Pancasila.svg/20px-Pancasila.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Pancasila.svg/30px-Pancasila.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Pancasila.svg/40px-Pancasila.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="185" data-file-height="226" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Indonesia" title="Flag of Indonesia"><img alt="Indonesia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a><sup id="cite_ref-transcon_96-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-transcon-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">273,753,191 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,904,569 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jakarta" title="Jakarta">Jakarta</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Emblem_of_Iran" title="Emblem of Iran"><img alt="Emblem" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Emblem_of_Iran.svg/20px-Emblem_of_Iran.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Emblem_of_Iran.svg/30px-Emblem_of_Iran.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Emblem_of_Iran.svg/40px-Emblem_of_Iran.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="492" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Iran" title="Flag of Iran"><img alt="Iran" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/23px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/35px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/46px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="630" data-file-height="360" /></a></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">87,923,432 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,648,195 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tehran" title="Tehran">Tehran</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Emblem_of_Iraq" title="Emblem of Iraq"><img alt="Emblem of Iraq" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Arms_of_Iraq.svg/20px-Arms_of_Iraq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Arms_of_Iraq.svg/40px-Arms_of_Iraq.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="303" data-file-height="356" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Iraq" title="Flag of Iraq"><img alt="Iraq" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/23px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/35px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/45px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">43,533,592 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">438,317 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Baghdad" title="Baghdad">Baghdad</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Emblem_of_Israel" title="Emblem of Israel"><img alt="Emblem of Israel" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Emblem_of_Israel.svg/20px-Emblem_of_Israel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Emblem_of_Israel.svg/30px-Emblem_of_Israel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Emblem_of_Israel.svg/40px-Emblem_of_Israel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="863" data-file-height="1071" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Israel" title="Flag of Israel"><img alt="Israel" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/21px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/32px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/41px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">8,900,059 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">20,770 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jerusalem" title="Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a> (<a href="/wiki/Status_of_Jerusalem" title="Status of Jerusalem">limited recognition</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Imperial_Seal_of_Japan" title="Imperial Seal of Japan"><img alt="Seal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg/20px-Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg/30px-Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg/40px-Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="990" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Japan" title="Flag of Japan"><img alt="Japan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/60px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">124,612,530 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">377,915 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tokyo" title="Tokyo">Tokyo</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Jordan" title="Coat of arms of Jordan"><img alt="Coat of arms of Jordan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Arms_of_Jordan.svg/20px-Arms_of_Jordan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Arms_of_Jordan.svg/30px-Arms_of_Jordan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Arms_of_Jordan.svg/40px-Arms_of_Jordan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="87" data-file-height="99" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Jordan" title="Flag of Jordan"><img alt="Jordan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Jordan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Jordan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Jordan.svg/60px-Flag_of_Jordan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jordan" title="Jordan">Jordan</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">11,148,278 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">89,342 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Amman" title="Amman">Amman</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Emblem_of_Kazakhstan" title="Emblem of Kazakhstan"><img alt="Emblem" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Emblem_of_Kazakhstan_%281992-2014%29.svg/20px-Emblem_of_Kazakhstan_%281992-2014%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Emblem_of_Kazakhstan_%281992-2014%29.svg/30px-Emblem_of_Kazakhstan_%281992-2014%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Emblem_of_Kazakhstan_%281992-2014%29.svg/40px-Emblem_of_Kazakhstan_%281992-2014%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Kazakhstan" title="Flag of Kazakhstan"><img alt="Kazakhstan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/60px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a><sup id="cite_ref-transcon_96-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-transcon-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">19,196,465 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2,724,900 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Astana" title="Astana">Astana</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Emblem_of_Kuwait" title="Emblem of Kuwait"><img alt="Emblem of Kuwait" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Insigne_Cuvaiti.svg/20px-Insigne_Cuvaiti.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Insigne_Cuvaiti.svg/40px-Insigne_Cuvaiti.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="327" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Kuwait" title="Flag of Kuwait"><img alt="Kuwait" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Kuwait.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kuwait.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Kuwait.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kuwait.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Kuwait.svg/46px-Flag_of_Kuwait.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kuwait" title="Kuwait">Kuwait</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">4,250,114 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">17,818 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kuwait_City" title="Kuwait City">Kuwait City</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Emblem_of_Kyrgyzstan" title="Emblem of Kyrgyzstan"><img alt="Emblem" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Emblem_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/20px-Emblem_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Emblem_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/40px-Emblem_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="2008" data-file-height="2008" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan" title="Flag of Kyrgyzstan"><img alt="Kyrgyzstan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kyrgyzstan" title="Kyrgyzstan">Kyrgyzstan</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">6,527,743 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">199,951 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bishkek" title="Bishkek">Bishkek</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Emblem_of_Laos" title="Emblem of Laos"><img alt="Emblem" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Emblem_of_Laos.svg/20px-Emblem_of_Laos.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Emblem_of_Laos.svg/30px-Emblem_of_Laos.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Emblem_of_Laos.svg/40px-Emblem_of_Laos.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="547" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Laos" title="Flag of Laos"><img alt="Laos" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Laos.svg/23px-Flag_of_Laos.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Laos.svg/35px-Flag_of_Laos.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Laos.svg/45px-Flag_of_Laos.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Laos" title="Laos">Laos</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">7,425,057 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">236,800 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vientiane" title="Vientiane">Vientiane</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Lebanon" title="Flag of Lebanon"><img alt="Lebanon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Flag_of_Lebanon.svg/23px-Flag_of_Lebanon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Flag_of_Lebanon.svg/35px-Flag_of_Lebanon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Flag_of_Lebanon.svg/45px-Flag_of_Lebanon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2880" data-file-height="1920" /></a></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lebanon" title="Lebanon">Lebanon</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">5,592,631 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">10,400 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Beirut" title="Beirut">Beirut</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Malaysia" title="Coat of arms of Malaysia"><img alt="Arms" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Arms_of_Malaysia.png/20px-Arms_of_Malaysia.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Arms_of_Malaysia.png/40px-Arms_of_Malaysia.png 1.5x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="637" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Malaysia" title="Flag of Malaysia"><img alt="Malaysia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">33,573,874 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">329,847 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kuala_Lumpur" title="Kuala Lumpur">Kuala Lumpur</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Emblem_of_Maldives" title="Emblem of Maldives"><img alt="Emblem" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Emblem_of_Maldives.svg/20px-Emblem_of_Maldives.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Emblem_of_Maldives.svg/30px-Emblem_of_Maldives.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Emblem_of_Maldives.svg/40px-Emblem_of_Maldives.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="531" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Maldives" title="Flag of Maldives"><img alt="Maldives" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Maldives.svg/23px-Flag_of_Maldives.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Maldives.svg/35px-Flag_of_Maldives.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Maldives.svg/45px-Flag_of_Maldives.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="480" /></a></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Maldives" title="Maldives">Maldives</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">521,457 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">298 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mal%C3%A9" title="Malé">Malé</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Emblem_of_Mongolia" title="Emblem of Mongolia"><img alt="Emblem" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/State_emblem_of_Mongolia.svg/20px-State_emblem_of_Mongolia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/State_emblem_of_Mongolia.svg/30px-State_emblem_of_Mongolia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/State_emblem_of_Mongolia.svg/40px-State_emblem_of_Mongolia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1220" data-file-height="1355" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Mongolia" title="Flag of Mongolia"><img alt="Mongolia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Mongolia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mongolia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Mongolia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mongolia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Mongolia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Mongolia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mongolia" title="Mongolia">Mongolia</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">3,347,782 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,564,116 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ulaanbaatar" title="Ulaanbaatar">Ulaanbaatar</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/State_Seal_of_Myanmar" title="State Seal of Myanmar"><img alt="Seal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/State_seal_of_Myanmar.svg/20px-State_seal_of_Myanmar.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/State_seal_of_Myanmar.svg/30px-State_seal_of_Myanmar.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/State_seal_of_Myanmar.svg/40px-State_seal_of_Myanmar.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="418" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Myanmar" title="Flag of Myanmar"><img alt="Myanmar" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flag_of_Myanmar.svg/23px-Flag_of_Myanmar.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flag_of_Myanmar.svg/35px-Flag_of_Myanmar.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flag_of_Myanmar.svg/45px-Flag_of_Myanmar.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">53,798,084 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">676,578 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Naypyidaw" title="Naypyidaw">Naypyidaw</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Emblem_of_Nepal" title="Emblem of Nepal"><img alt="Emblem" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Emblem_of_Nepal_%28alternative%29.svg/20px-Emblem_of_Nepal_%28alternative%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Emblem_of_Nepal_%28alternative%29.svg/30px-Emblem_of_Nepal_%28alternative%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Emblem_of_Nepal_%28alternative%29.svg/40px-Emblem_of_Nepal_%28alternative%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="508" data-file-height="475" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="flagicon"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Nepal" title="Flag of Nepal"><img alt="Nepal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Flag_of_Nepal.svg/16px-Flag_of_Nepal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Flag_of_Nepal.svg/25px-Flag_of_Nepal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Flag_of_Nepal.svg/33px-Flag_of_Nepal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="726" data-file-height="885" /></a></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nepal" title="Nepal">Nepal</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">30,034,989 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">147,181 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kathmandu" title="Kathmandu">Kathmandu</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Emblem_of_North_Korea" title="Emblem of North Korea"><img alt="Emblem" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Emblem_of_North_Korea.svg/20px-Emblem_of_North_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Emblem_of_North_Korea.svg/30px-Emblem_of_North_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Emblem_of_North_Korea.svg/40px-Emblem_of_North_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="720" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_North_Korea" title="Flag of North Korea"><img alt="North Korea" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/40px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/60px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/North_Korea" title="North Korea">North Korea</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">25,971,909 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">120,538 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pyongyang" title="Pyongyang">Pyongyang</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/National_emblem_of_Oman" title="National emblem of Oman"><img alt="Emblem" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/National_emblem_of_Oman.svg/20px-National_emblem_of_Oman.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/National_emblem_of_Oman.svg/40px-National_emblem_of_Oman.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="667" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Oman" title="Flag of Oman"><img alt="Oman" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Oman.svg/40px-Flag_of_Oman.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Oman.svg/60px-Flag_of_Oman.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Oman" title="Oman">Oman</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">4,520,471 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">309,500 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Muscat" title="Muscat">Muscat</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/State_emblem_of_Pakistan" title="State emblem of Pakistan"><img alt="State emblem of Pakistan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Arms_of_Pakistan.svg/20px-Arms_of_Pakistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Arms_of_Pakistan.svg/40px-Arms_of_Pakistan.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="344" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Pakistan" title="Flag of Pakistan"><img alt="Pakistan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">211,103,000 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">881,913 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad">Islamabad</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Philippines" title="Coat of arms of the Philippines"><img alt="Coat of arms of the Philippines" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Arms_of_the_Philippines.svg/20px-Arms_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Arms_of_the_Philippines.svg/30px-Arms_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Arms_of_the_Philippines.svg/40px-Arms_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="301" data-file-height="363" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_the_Philippines" title="Flag of the Philippines"><img alt="Philippines" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/60px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">113,880,328 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">343,448 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Manila" title="Manila">Manila</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_Qatar_(2022%E2%80%93present).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Link=Emblem of Qatar"><img alt="Emblem" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/5/5e/Emblem_of_Qatar_%282022%E2%80%93present%29.svg/20px-Emblem_of_Qatar_%282022%E2%80%93present%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/5/5e/Emblem_of_Qatar_%282022%E2%80%93present%29.svg/30px-Emblem_of_Qatar_%282022%E2%80%93present%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/5/5e/Emblem_of_Qatar_%282022%E2%80%93present%29.svg/40px-Emblem_of_Qatar_%282022%E2%80%93present%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="149" data-file-height="155" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Qatar" title="Flag of Qatar"><img alt="Qatar" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Qatar.svg/23px-Flag_of_Qatar.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Qatar.svg/35px-Flag_of_Qatar.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Qatar.svg/46px-Flag_of_Qatar.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1400" data-file-height="550" /></a></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar">Qatar</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2,688,235 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">11,586 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Doha" title="Doha">Doha</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Russia" title="Coat of arms of Russia"><img alt="Coat of arms of Russia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Russian_Federation.svg/20px-Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Russian_Federation.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Russian_Federation.svg/30px-Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Russian_Federation.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Russian_Federation.svg/40px-Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Russian_Federation.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="437" data-file-height="517" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Russia" title="Flag of Russia"><img alt="Russia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a><sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">145,102,755 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">17,098,242 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a><sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Emblem_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Emblem of Saudi Arabia"><img alt="Emblem" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Emblem_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/20px-Emblem_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Emblem_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/30px-Emblem_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Emblem_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/40px-Emblem_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="610" data-file-height="662" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Flag of Saudi Arabia"><img alt="Saudi Arabia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/60px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">35,950,396 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2,149,690 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Riyadh" title="Riyadh">Riyadh</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Singapore" title="Coat of arms of Singapore"><img alt="Arms" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Shield_of_Singapore.svg/20px-Shield_of_Singapore.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Shield_of_Singapore.svg/30px-Shield_of_Singapore.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Shield_of_Singapore.svg/40px-Shield_of_Singapore.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="499" data-file-height="599" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Singapore" title="Flag of Singapore"><img alt="Singapore" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/23px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/35px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/45px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">5,941,060 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">697 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Emblem_of_South_Korea" title="Emblem of South Korea"><img alt="Emblem" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Emblem_of_South_Korea.svg/20px-Emblem_of_South_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Emblem_of_South_Korea.svg/30px-Emblem_of_South_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Emblem_of_South_Korea.svg/40px-Emblem_of_South_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="352" data-file-height="354" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_South_Korea" title="Flag of South Korea"><img alt="South Korea" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/40px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/60px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">South Korea</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">51,830,139 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">100,210 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Seoul" title="Seoul">Seoul</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Emblem_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Emblem of Sri Lanka"><img alt="Emblem" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Emblem_of_Sri_Lanka.svg/20px-Emblem_of_Sri_Lanka.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Emblem_of_Sri_Lanka.svg/40px-Emblem_of_Sri_Lanka.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="851" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Flag of Sri Lanka"><img alt="Sri Lanka" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">21,773,441 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">65,610 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sri_Jayawardenepura_Kotte" title="Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte">Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Syria" title="Coat of arms of Syria"><img alt="Emblem" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Escutcheon_of_the_Coat_of_arms_of_Syria_true_vector.svg/20px-Escutcheon_of_the_Coat_of_arms_of_Syria_true_vector.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Escutcheon_of_the_Coat_of_arms_of_Syria_true_vector.svg/40px-Escutcheon_of_the_Coat_of_arms_of_Syria_true_vector.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="302" data-file-height="403" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Syria" title="Flag of Syria"><img alt="Syria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flag_of_the_Syrian_revolution.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Syrian_revolution.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flag_of_the_Syrian_revolution.svg/60px-Flag_of_the_Syrian_revolution.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">21,324,367 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">185,180 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Damascus" title="Damascus">Damascus</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Emblem_of_Tajikistan" title="Emblem of Tajikistan"><img alt="Emblem" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Emblem_of_Tajikistan.svg/20px-Emblem_of_Tajikistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Emblem_of_Tajikistan.svg/40px-Emblem_of_Tajikistan.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="665" data-file-height="664" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Tajikistan" title="Flag of Tajikistan"><img alt="Tajikistan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="560" data-file-height="280" /></a></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tajikistan" title="Tajikistan">Tajikistan</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">9,750,064 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">143,100 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dushanbe" title="Dushanbe">Dushanbe</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Emblem_of_Thailand" title="Emblem of Thailand"><img alt="Emblem" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Emblem_of_Thailand.svg/20px-Emblem_of_Thailand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Emblem_of_Thailand.svg/40px-Emblem_of_Thailand.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="374" data-file-height="398" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Thailand" title="Flag of Thailand"><img alt="Thailand" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/23px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/35px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/45px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">71,601,103 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">513,120 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bangkok" title="Bangkok">Bangkok</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/National_emblem_of_Timor-Leste" title="National emblem of Timor-Leste"><img alt="National emblem of Timor-Leste" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Shield_Coat_of_arms_of_East_Timor.png/20px-Shield_Coat_of_arms_of_East_Timor.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Shield_Coat_of_arms_of_East_Timor.png/40px-Shield_Coat_of_arms_of_East_Timor.png 1.5x" data-file-width="397" data-file-height="386" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Timor-Leste" title="Flag of Timor-Leste"><img alt="Timor-Leste" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Flag_of_East_Timor.svg/23px-Flag_of_East_Timor.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Flag_of_East_Timor.svg/35px-Flag_of_East_Timor.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Flag_of_East_Timor.svg/46px-Flag_of_East_Timor.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Timor-Leste" title="Timor-Leste">Timor-Leste</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,320,942 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">14,874 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dili" title="Dili">Dili</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Turkey" title="Flag of Turkey"><img alt="Turkey" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a><sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">84,775,404 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">783,562 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ankara" title="Ankara">Ankara</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Emblem_of_Turkmenistan" title="Emblem of Turkmenistan"><img alt="Emblem" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Emblem_of_Turkmenistan.svg/20px-Emblem_of_Turkmenistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Emblem_of_Turkmenistan.svg/30px-Emblem_of_Turkmenistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Emblem_of_Turkmenistan.svg/40px-Emblem_of_Turkmenistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="531" data-file-height="531" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Turkmenistan" title="Flag of Turkmenistan"><img alt="Turkmenistan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg/60px-Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Turkmenistan" title="Turkmenistan">Turkmenistan</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">6,341,855 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">488,100 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ashgabat" title="Ashgabat">Ashgabat</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Emblem_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates" title="Emblem of the United Arab Emirates"><img alt="Emblem" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Emblem_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/40px-Emblem_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Emblem_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/60px-Emblem_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="570" data-file-height="728" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates" title="Flag of the United Arab Emirates"><img alt="United Arab Emirates" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates" title="United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">9,365,145 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">83,600 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Abu_Dhabi" title="Abu Dhabi">Abu Dhabi</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Emblem_of_Uzbekistan" title="Emblem of Uzbekistan"><img alt="Emblem" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Emblem_of_Uzbekistan.svg/20px-Emblem_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Emblem_of_Uzbekistan.svg/40px-Emblem_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="510" data-file-height="519" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Uzbekistan" title="Flag of Uzbekistan"><img alt="Uzbekistan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Uzbekistan" title="Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">34,081,449 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">447,400 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tashkent" title="Tashkent">Tashkent</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Emblem_of_Vietnam" title="Emblem of Vietnam"><img alt="Emblem" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Emblem_of_Vietnam.svg/20px-Emblem_of_Vietnam.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Emblem_of_Vietnam.svg/40px-Emblem_of_Vietnam.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="519" data-file-height="529" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Vietnam" title="Flag of Vietnam"><img alt="Vietnam" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/23px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/35px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/45px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">97,468,029 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">331,212 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hanoi" title="Hanoi">Hanoi</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Emblem_of_Yemen" title="Emblem of Yemen"><img alt="Emblem" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Emblem_of_Yemen.svg/20px-Emblem_of_Yemen.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Emblem_of_Yemen.svg/30px-Emblem_of_Yemen.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Emblem_of_Yemen.svg/40px-Emblem_of_Yemen.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="670" data-file-height="390" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Yemen" title="Flag of Yemen"><img alt="Yemen" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Yemen.svg/40px-Flag_of_Yemen.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Yemen.svg/60px-Flag_of_Yemen.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Yemen" title="Yemen">Yemen</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">32,981,641 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">527,968 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sana%27a" class="mw-redirect" title="Sana'a">Sana'a</a> (<abbr title="constitutional capital">const.</abbr>; <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Political_Council" title="Supreme Political Council"><abbr title="Supreme Political Council">SPC</abbr></a><span class="sr-only" style="border: 0; clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0); clip-path: polygon(0px 0px, 0px 0px, 0px 0px); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0; position: absolute; width: 1px; white-space: nowrap;">Tooltip Supreme Political Council</span> control)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Aden" title="Aden">Aden</a> (<abbr title="provisional">prv.</abbr> capital of <a href="/wiki/Presidential_Leadership_Council" title="Presidential Leadership Council"><abbr title="Presidential Leadership Council">PLC</abbr></a><span class="sr-only" style="border: 0; clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0); clip-path: polygon(0px 0px, 0px 0px, 0px 0px); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0; position: absolute; width: 1px; white-space: nowrap;">Tooltip Presidential Leadership Council</span>)</li></ul></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Within the above-mentioned states are several partially recognized countries with <a href="/wiki/List_of_states_with_limited_recognition" title="List of states with limited recognition">limited to no international recognition</a>. None of them are members of the <a href="/wiki/UN" class="mw-redirect" title="UN">UN</a>, however Palestine has <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_General_Assembly_observers" title="United Nations General Assembly observers">observer state status</a>: </p> <table class="sortable wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th style="line-height:95%; width:2em" class="unsortable"><a href="/wiki/National_symbol" title="National symbol">Symbol</a> </th> <th style="line-height:95%; width:2em" class="unsortable"><a href="/wiki/Flag" title="Flag">Flag</a> </th> <th>Name </th> <th><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_population" class="mw-redirect" title="List of countries by population">Population</a><br /> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_and_dependencies_by_area" title="List of countries and dependencies by area">Area</a><br />(km<sup>2</sup>) </th> <th>Capital </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Emblem_of_Abkhazia#Republic_of_Abkhazia" title="Emblem of Abkhazia"><img alt="Arms" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Coat_of_arms_of_Abkhazia.svg/20px-Coat_of_arms_of_Abkhazia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Coat_of_arms_of_Abkhazia.svg/30px-Coat_of_arms_of_Abkhazia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Coat_of_arms_of_Abkhazia.svg/40px-Coat_of_arms_of_Abkhazia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="430" data-file-height="536" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Abkhazia#Republic_of_Abkhazia" title="Flag of Abkhazia"><img alt="Abkhazia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_Abkhazia.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_Abkhazia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_Abkhazia.svg/60px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_Abkhazia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /></a></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Abkhazia" title="Abkhazia">Abkhazia</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">242,862 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">8,660 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sukhumi" title="Sukhumi">Sukhumi</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Cyprus#Northern_Cyprus" title="Coat of arms of Cyprus"><img alt="Arms" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg/20px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg/40px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="610" data-file-height="658" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Northern_Cyprus" title="Flag of Northern Cyprus"><img alt="Northern Cyprus" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Flag_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Flag_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg/60px-Flag_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Northern_Cyprus" title="Northern Cyprus">Northern Cyprus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">326,000 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">3,355 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/North_Nicosia" title="North Nicosia">North Nicosia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Palestine" title="Coat of arms of Palestine"><img alt="Arms" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Emblem_of_Palestine.svg/20px-Emblem_of_Palestine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Emblem_of_Palestine.svg/40px-Emblem_of_Palestine.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="391" data-file-height="551" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Palestine" title="Flag of Palestine"><img alt="Palestine" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Palestine.svg/40px-Flag_of_Palestine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Palestine.svg/60px-Flag_of_Palestine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Palestine" title="Palestine">Palestine</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">5,133,392 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">6,025 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jerusalem" title="Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a> (<a href="/wiki/Status_of_Jerusalem" title="Status of Jerusalem">limited recognition</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_South_Ossetia#Republic_of_South_Ossetia–the_State_of_Alania" title="Coat of arms of South Ossetia"><img alt="Coat of arms of South Ossetia#Republic of South Ossetia–the State of Alania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Emblem_of_South_Ossetia.svg/20px-Emblem_of_South_Ossetia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Emblem_of_South_Ossetia.svg/30px-Emblem_of_South_Ossetia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Emblem_of_South_Ossetia.svg/40px-Emblem_of_South_Ossetia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_South_Ossetia" title="Flag of South Ossetia"><img alt="South Ossetia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_South_Ossetia.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Ossetia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_South_Ossetia.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Ossetia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_South_Ossetia.svg/46px-Flag_of_South_Ossetia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/South_Ossetia" title="South Ossetia">South Ossetia</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">51,547 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">3,900 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tskhinvali" title="Tskhinvali">Tskhinvali</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Blue_Sky_with_a_White_Sun" title="Blue Sky with a White Sun"><img alt="Emblem" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/National_Emblem_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/20px-National_Emblem_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/National_Emblem_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/40px-National_Emblem_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="Flag of the Republic of China"><img alt="Taiwan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/60px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a> (ROC) </td> <td style="text-align:right;">23,859,912 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">36,193 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Taipei" title="Taipei">Taipei</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Asia" title="Economy of Asia">Economy of Asia</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_Asian_countries_by_GDP" title="List of Asian countries by GDP">List of Asian countries by GDP</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_in_Asia-Pacific_by_GDP_(nominal)" title="List of countries in Asia-Pacific by GDP (nominal)">List of countries in Asia-Pacific by GDP (nominal)</a>, and <a href="/wiki/List_of_Asian_and_Pacific_countries_by_GDP_(PPP)" title="List of Asian and Pacific countries by GDP (PPP)">List of Asian and Pacific countries by GDP (PPP)</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1_Singapore_city_skyline_2010_day_panorama.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/1_Singapore_city_skyline_2010_day_panorama.jpg/260px-1_Singapore_city_skyline_2010_day_panorama.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/1_Singapore_city_skyline_2010_day_panorama.jpg/390px-1_Singapore_city_skyline_2010_day_panorama.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/1_Singapore_city_skyline_2010_day_panorama.jpg/520px-1_Singapore_city_skyline_2010_day_panorama.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4036" data-file-height="1703" /></a><figcaption>Singapore has one of the <a href="/wiki/List_of_busiest_container_ports" title="List of busiest container ports">busiest container ports in the world</a> and is the world's fourth-largest <a href="/wiki/Foreign_exchange" class="mw-redirect" title="Foreign exchange">foreign exchange</a> trading hub</figcaption></figure> <p>Asia has the <a href="/wiki/List_of_continents_by_GDP" title="List of continents by GDP">largest continental economy</a> in the world by both <a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(nominal)" title="List of countries by GDP (nominal)">GDP nominal</a> and <a href="/wiki/Purchasing_power_parity" title="Purchasing power parity">PPP</a> values, and is the fastest growing economic region.<sup id="cite_ref-International_Monetary_Fund_100-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-International_Monetary_Fund-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of 2023<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Asia&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> is by far the largest economy on the continent, making up nearly half of the continent's economy by GDP nominal. It is followed by Japan, India, South Korea, Indonesia, Saudi Arabia and Turkey, which are all ranked among the top 20 largest economies both by nominal and PPP values.<sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Based on Global Office Locations 2011, Asia dominated the office locations with 4 of the top 5 being in Asia: Hong Kong, Singapore, <a href="/wiki/Tokyo" title="Tokyo">Tokyo</a> and <a href="/wiki/Seoul" title="Seoul">Seoul</a>. Around 68% of international firms have an office in Hong Kong.<sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the late 1990s and early 2000s, the economy of China<sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> had an average annual growth rate of more than 8%. According to economic historian <a href="/wiki/Angus_Maddison" title="Angus Maddison">Angus Maddison</a>, India had the world's largest economy for much of the past three millennia prior to the 19th century, accounting for 25% of the world's industrial output.<sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-105" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-106" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-107" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> China was the <a href="/wiki/Economic_history_of_China" title="Economic history of China">largest and most advanced economy</a> on earth for much of recorded history and shared the mantle with India.<sup id="cite_ref-108" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Eric.ed.gov-2000_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Eric.ed.gov-2000-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-109" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For several decades in the late twentieth century Japan was the largest economy in Asia and second-largest of any single nation in the world, after surpassing the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> (measured in net material product) in 1990 and Germany in 1968. (NB: A number of supernational economies are larger, such as the <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a> (EU), the <a href="/wiki/North_American_Free_Trade_Agreement" title="North American Free Trade Agreement">North American Free Trade Agreement</a> (NAFTA) or <a href="/wiki/APEC" class="mw-redirect" title="APEC">APEC</a>). This ended in 2010 when China overtook Japan to become the world's second largest economy. It is forecasted that India will overtake Japan in terms of nominal GDP by 2027.<sup id="cite_ref-International_Monetary_Fund_100-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-International_Monetary_Fund-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the late 1980s and early 1990s, Japan's GDP by currency exchange rates was almost as large as that of the rest of Asia combined.<sup id="cite_ref-International_Monetary_Fund_100-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-International_Monetary_Fund-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1995, Japan's economy nearly equaled that of the US as the largest economy in the world for a day, after the Japanese currency reached a record high of 79 <a href="/wiki/Yen" class="mw-redirect" title="Yen">yen</a>/US$. Economic growth in Asia since <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> to the 1990s had been concentrated in Japan as well as the four regions of South Korea, Taiwan, Hong Kong and Singapore located in the <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Rim" title="Pacific Rim">Pacific Rim</a>, known as the <a href="/wiki/Four_Asian_Tigers" title="Four Asian Tigers">Four Asian Tigers</a>, which are now all considered developed economies, having among the highest GDP per capita in Asia.<sup id="cite_ref-110" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-International_Monetary_Fund_100-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-International_Monetary_Fund-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mumbai_skyline_BWSL.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Mumbai_skyline_BWSL.jpg/220px-Mumbai_skyline_BWSL.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="174" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Mumbai_skyline_BWSL.jpg/330px-Mumbai_skyline_BWSL.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Mumbai_skyline_BWSL.jpg/440px-Mumbai_skyline_BWSL.jpg 2x" data-file-width="707" data-file-height="560" /></a><figcaption>Mumbai is one of the most populous cities in Asia, as well as an economic and tourism hub</figcaption></figure> <p>Asia is the largest continent in the world by a considerable margin, and it is rich in natural resources, such as <a href="/wiki/Petroleum" title="Petroleum">petroleum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Forest" title="Forest">forests</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fish" title="Fish">fish</a>, <a href="/wiki/Water" title="Water">water</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rice" title="Rice">rice</a>, <a href="/wiki/Copper" title="Copper">copper</a> and <a href="/wiki/Silver" title="Silver">silver</a>. Manufacturing in Asia has traditionally been strongest in East and Southeast Asia, particularly in China, <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a>, South Korea, Japan, India, the Philippines, and Singapore. Japan and South Korea continue to dominate in the area of <a href="/wiki/Multinational_corporation" title="Multinational corporation">multinational corporations</a>, but increasingly the PRC and India are making significant inroads. Many companies from Europe, North America, South Korea and Japan have operations in Asia's developing countries to take advantage of its abundant supply of cheap labour and relatively developed infrastructure.<sup id="cite_ref-111" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-112" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to <a href="/wiki/Citigroup" title="Citigroup">Citigroup</a> in 2011, 9 of 11 <a href="/wiki/3G_countries" title="3G countries">Global Growth Generators</a> countries came from Asia driven by population and income growth. They are Bangladesh, China, India, Indonesia, Iraq, Mongolia, the Philippines, Sri Lanka and Vietnam.<sup id="cite_ref-113" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Asia has three main financial centers: Hong Kong, Tokyo and Singapore. <a href="/wiki/Call_center" class="mw-redirect" title="Call center">Call centers</a> and <a href="/wiki/Business_process_outsourcing" title="Business process outsourcing">business process outsourcing</a> (BPOs) are becoming major employers in India and the Philippines due to the availability of a large pool of highly skilled, English-speaking workers. The increased use of outsourcing has assisted the rise of India and the China as financial centers. Due to its large and extremely competitive information technology industry, India has become a major hub for outsourcing.<sup id="cite_ref-114" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-114"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Trade between Asian countries and countries on other continents is largely carried out on the sea routes that are important for Asia. Individual main routes have emerged from this. The main route leads from the Chinese coast south via Hanoi to Jakarta, Singapore and Kuala Lumpur through the <a href="/wiki/Strait_of_Malacca" title="Strait of Malacca">Strait of Malacca</a> via the Sri Lankan Colombo to the southern tip of India via Malé to East Africa <a href="/wiki/Mombasa" title="Mombasa">Mombasa</a> (see also: <a href="/wiki/Indo-Pacific" title="Indo-Pacific">Indo-Pacific</a>), from there to <a href="/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti">Djibouti</a>, then through the Red Sea over the <a href="/wiki/Suez_Canal" title="Suez Canal">Suez Canal</a> into Mediterranean (see also: <a href="/wiki/Indo-Mediterranean" title="Indo-Mediterranean">Indo-Mediterranean</a>), there via Haifa, Istanbul and <a href="/wiki/Athens" title="Athens">Athens</a> to the upper Adriatic to the northern Italian hub of <a href="/wiki/Trieste" title="Trieste">Trieste</a> with its rail connections to Central and Eastern Europe or further to <a href="/wiki/Barcelona" title="Barcelona">Barcelona</a> and around Spain and France to the European northern ports. A far smaller part of the goods traffic runs via <a href="/wiki/Cape_Route" title="Cape Route">South Africa to Europe</a>. A particularly significant part of the Asian goods traffic is carried out on the <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Rim" title="Pacific Rim">Pacific Rim</a>, toward <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a> and <a href="/wiki/Long_Beach" class="mw-redirect" title="Long Beach">Long Beach</a>. The melting of the Arctic is also paving the way for <a href="/wiki/Arctic_shipping_routes" title="Arctic shipping routes">new shipping routes</a> from Northeast Asia to Europe and North America.<sup id="cite_ref-115" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The land route to Europe are the subject of construction projects, comparatively smaller in scope. smaller in terms of scope. Intra-Asian trade, including sea trade, is growing rapidly.<sup id="cite_ref-116" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-117" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-117"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-118" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-118"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-119" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-119"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-120" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-120"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-121" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-121"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>114<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-122" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-122"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2010, Asia had 3.3 million millionaires (people with net worth over US$1 million excluding their homes), slightly below North America with 3.4 million millionaires. In 2011, Asia topped Europe in number of millionaires.<sup id="cite_ref-123" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-123"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Citigroup in The Wealth Report 2012 stated that the total wealth of people in Asia with over $100 million in assets exceeded that of their North American counterparts for the first time, as the world's "economic center of gravity" continued moving east. At the end of 2011, there were 18,000 Asian people mainly in Southeast Asia, China and Japan who have at least $100 million in disposable assets, while North America with 17,000 people and Western Europe with 14,000 people.<sup id="cite_ref-124" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-124"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align: right; float:left; border:1px solid #aaa; margin:10px"> <tbody><tr> <th>Rank </th> <th>Country </th> <th><a href="/wiki/List_of_IMF_ranked_countries_by_past_and_projected_GDP_(nominal)" class="mw-redirect" title="List of IMF ranked countries by past and projected GDP (nominal)">GDP</a> <small>(nominal, Peak Year)</small><br /><small>millions of <a href="/wiki/International_dollar" title="International dollar">USD</a></small> </th> <th>Peak Year </th></tr> <tr> <td>1</td> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a></td> <td>18,273,357</td> <td>2024 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2</td> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/60px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a><sup id="cite_ref-125" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-125"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>6,272,363</td> <td>2012 </td></tr> <tr> <td>3</td> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/23px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/35px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/45px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></td> <td>3,889,130</td> <td>2024 </td></tr> <tr> <td>4</td> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a><sup id="cite_ref-126" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-126"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>2,292,470</td> <td>2013 </td></tr> <tr> <td>5</td> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/40px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/60px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">South Korea</a></td> <td>1,942,314</td> <td>2021 </td></tr> <tr> <td>6</td> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a></td> <td>1,402,590</td> <td>2024 </td></tr> <tr> <td>7</td> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a></td> <td>1,344,318</td> <td>2024 </td></tr> <tr> <td>8</td> <td align="left"><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/60px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a></span></td> <td>1,108,572</td> <td>2022 </td></tr> <tr> <td>9</td> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/60px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a></td> <td>775,017</td> <td>2024 </td></tr> <tr> <td>10</td> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/23px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/35px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/46px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="630" data-file-height="360" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a><sup id="cite_ref-127" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-127"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>644,036</td> <td>2012 </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align: right; float:left; border:1px solid #aaa; margin:10px"> <tbody><tr style="background:#dbdbdb;"> <th>Rank </th> <th>Country </th> <th><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_past_and_projected_GDP_(PPP)" title="List of countries by past and projected GDP (PPP)">GDP</a> <small>(PPP, Peak Year)</small><br /><small>millions of <a href="/wiki/International_dollar" title="International dollar">USD</a></small> </th> <th>Peak Year </th></tr> <tr> <td>1</td> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a></td> <td>37,072,086</td> <td>2024 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2</td> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/23px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/35px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/45px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></td> <td>16,019,970</td> <td>2024 </td></tr> <tr> <td>3</td> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a></td> <td>6,909,381</td> <td>2024 </td></tr> <tr> <td>4</td> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/60px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a></td> <td>6,572,198</td> <td>2024 </td></tr> <tr> <td>5</td> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a></td> <td>4,658,321</td> <td>2024 </td></tr> <tr> <td>6</td> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a><sup id="cite_ref-128" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-128"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>3,767,230</td> <td>2023 </td></tr> <tr> <td>7</td> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/40px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/60px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">South Korea</a></td> <td>3,258,366</td> <td>2024 </td></tr> <tr> <td>8</td> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/23px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/35px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/45px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a></td> <td>2,231,822</td> <td>2024 </td></tr> <tr> <td>9</td> <td align="left"><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/60px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a></span></td> <td>2,112,880</td> <td>2024 </td></tr> <tr> <td>10</td> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/60px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a></td> <td>1,843,016</td> <td>2024 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tourism">Tourism</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1-5.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A Thai temple complex with several ornate buildings, and a lot of visitors" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1-5.jpg/250px-%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1-5.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1-5.jpg/330px-%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1-5.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1-5.jpg/500px-%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1-5.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6596" data-file-height="3710" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Wat_Phra_Kaew" title="Wat Phra Kaew">Wat Phra Kaew</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Grand_Palace" title="Grand Palace">Grand Palace</a> is among <a href="/wiki/Bangkok" title="Bangkok">Bangkok</a>'s major tourist attractions.</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable selfref">See also the categories <a href="/wiki/Category:Tourism_in_Asia" title="Category:Tourism in Asia">Tourism in Asia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Category:Transport_in_Asia" title="Category:Transport in Asia">Transport in Asia</a></div> <p>With growing Regional Tourism with domination of Chinese visitors, <a href="/wiki/MasterCard" class="mw-redirect" title="MasterCard">MasterCard</a> has released Global Destination Cities Index 2013 with 10 of 20 are dominated by Asia and Pacific Region Cities and also for the first time a city of a country from Asia (<a href="/wiki/Bangkok" title="Bangkok">Bangkok</a>) set in the top-ranked with 15.98 million international visitors.<sup id="cite_ref-129" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-129"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>122<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Asia" title="Demographics of Asia">Demographics of Asia</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Asian_countries_by_population" title="List of Asian countries by population">List of Asian countries by population</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_Asian_countries_by_life_expectancy" title="List of Asian countries by life expectancy">List of Asian countries by life expectancy</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1261442011">.mw-parser-output .abbr-header{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-bottom:none;background-color:lavender}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .caption-purple{background:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .caption-purple{background:inherit!important}}.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-top:none;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);padding:5px}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border-top:1px #a2a9b1 solid!important}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:none}}</style><table class="table-pale" style="width:15em;border-top-width:0;border-spacing: 0;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 0.5em;"><caption class="caption-purple" style="padding:0.25em;font-weight:bold">Historical populations</caption><tbody><tr style="font-size:95%"><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;width:3em">Year</th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px 2px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Population" class="abbr-header">Pop.</abbr></th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Per annum growth rate" class="abbr-header">±% p.a.</abbr></th></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1500</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">243,000,000</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">—    </td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1700</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">436,000,000</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+0.29%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1900</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">947,000,000</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+0.39%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1950</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,402,000,000</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+0.79%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1999</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">3,634,000,000</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+1.96%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2016</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">4,462,676,731</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+1.22%</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="border-top:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000)"><div class="center"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Notice plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-notice" role="presentation" style="width:100%;margin:0;"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/40px-Information_icon4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/60px-Information_icon4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/80px-Information_icon4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="620" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text" style="text-align: left;"><div class="mbox-text-span">Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. Updates on reimplementing the Graph extension, which will be known as the Chart extension, can be found on <a class="external text" href="https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/tag/charts/">Phabricator</a> and on <a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:Chart" class="extiw" title="mw:Extension:Chart">MediaWiki.org</a>.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="border-top:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);font-size:85%;text-align:left">Source: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.un.org/esa/population/publications/sixbillion/sixbilpart1.pdf">"UN report 2004 data" (PDF).</a><br />The figure for 2021 is provided by.the 2022 revision of the World Population Prospects<sup id="cite_ref-UN_WPP_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UN_WPP-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-UN_WPP_2022_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UN_WPP_2022-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:WorldPopulation.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/WorldPopulation.png/250px-WorldPopulation.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/WorldPopulation.png/330px-WorldPopulation.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/WorldPopulation.png/500px-WorldPopulation.png 2x" data-file-width="916" data-file-height="666" /></a><figcaption>world population</figcaption></figure><p> East Asia had by far the strongest overall <a href="/wiki/Human_Development_Index" title="Human Development Index">Human Development Index</a> (HDI) improvement of any region in the world, nearly doubling average HDI attainment over the past 40 years, according to the report's analysis of health, education and income data. China, the second highest achiever in the world in terms of HDI improvement since </p><p>1970, is the only country on the "Top 10 Movers" list due to income rather than health or education achievements. Its per capita income increased a stunning 21-fold over the last four decades, also lifting hundreds of millions out of income poverty. Yet it was not among the region's top performers in improving school enrollment and life expectancy.<sup id="cite_ref-2010_Human_Development_Report_130-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2010_Human_Development_Report-130"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>123<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><a href="/wiki/Nepal" title="Nepal">Nepal</a>, a South Asian country, emerges as one of the world's fastest movers since 1970 mainly due to health and education achievements. Its present <a href="/wiki/Life_expectancy" title="Life expectancy">life expectancy</a> is 25 years longer than in the 1970s. More than four of every five children of school age in Nepal now attend primary school, compared to just one in five 40 years ago.<sup id="cite_ref-2010_Human_Development_Report_130-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2010_Human_Development_Report-130"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>123<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /> Hong Kong ranked highest among the countries grouped on the HDI (number 7 in the world, which is in the "very high human development" category), followed by Singapore (9), Japan (19) and South Korea (22). <a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a> (155) ranked lowest amongst Asian countries out of the 169 countries assessed.<sup id="cite_ref-2010_Human_Development_Report_130-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2010_Human_Development_Report-130"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>123<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Languages">Languages</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Asia" title="Languages of Asia">Languages of Asia</a></div> <p>Asia is home to several <a href="/wiki/Language_families" class="mw-redirect" title="Language families">language families</a> and many <a href="/wiki/Language_isolate" title="Language isolate">language isolates</a>. Most Asian countries have more than one language that is natively spoken. For instance, according to <a href="/wiki/Ethnologue" title="Ethnologue">Ethnologue</a>, more than 700 languages are spoken in Indonesia, more than 400 languages spoken in India, and more than 100 are spoken in the Philippines. China has many languages and dialects in different provinces. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Religions">Religions</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Eastern_philosophy" title="Eastern philosophy">Eastern philosophy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Asia" title="Religion in Asia">Religion in Asia</a>, and <a href="/wiki/List_of_Asian_mythologies" title="List of Asian mythologies">List of Asian mythologies</a></div> <p>Many of the world's <a href="/wiki/Major_religions" class="mw-redirect" title="Major religions">major religions</a> have their origins in Asia, including the five most practiced in the world (excluding <a href="/wiki/Irreligion" title="Irreligion">irreligion</a>), which are Christianity, Islam, Hinduism, Chinese folk religion (classified as Confucianism and Taoism), and Buddhism. Asian mythology is complex and diverse. The story of the <a href="/wiki/Great_Flood" class="mw-redirect" title="Great Flood">Great Flood</a> for example, as presented to Jews in the <a href="/wiki/Hebrew_Bible" title="Hebrew Bible">Hebrew Bible</a> in the narrative of <a href="/wiki/Noah" title="Noah">Noah</a>—and later to Christians in the <a href="/wiki/Old_Testament" title="Old Testament">Old Testament</a>, and to Muslims in the <a href="/wiki/Quran" title="Quran">Quran</a>—is earliest found in <a href="/wiki/Mesopotamian_mythology" title="Mesopotamian mythology">Mesopotamian mythology</a>, in the <a href="/wiki/En%C3%BBma_Eli%C5%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="Enûma Eliš">Enûma Eliš</a> and <i><a href="/wiki/Epic_of_Gilgamesh" title="Epic of Gilgamesh">Epic of Gilgamesh</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Hindu_mythology" title="Hindu mythology">Hindu mythology</a> similarly tells about an <a href="/wiki/Avatar" title="Avatar">avatar</a> of <a href="/wiki/Vishnu" title="Vishnu">Vishnu</a> in the form of a <a href="/wiki/Matsya" title="Matsya">fish</a> who warned <a href="/wiki/Sraddhadeva_Manu" class="mw-redirect" title="Sraddhadeva Manu">Manu</a> of a terrible flood. Ancient <a href="/wiki/Chinese_mythology" title="Chinese mythology">Chinese mythology</a> also tells of a <a href="/wiki/Great_Flood_(China)" title="Great Flood (China)">Great Flood</a> spanning generations, one that required the combined efforts of emperors and divinities to control. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Abrahamic">Abrahamic</h4></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Christianity_in_Asia" title="Christianity in Asia">Christianity in Asia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Asia" title="Islam in Asia">Islam in Asia</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Westernwall2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Westernwall2.jpg/220px-Westernwall2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Westernwall2.jpg/330px-Westernwall2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Westernwall2.jpg/440px-Westernwall2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Western_Wall" title="Western Wall">Western Wall</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Dome_of_the_Rock" title="Dome of the Rock">Dome of the Rock</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jerusalem" title="Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Church_of_the_Nativity_(7703592746).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Church_of_the_Nativity_%287703592746%29.jpg/250px-Church_of_the_Nativity_%287703592746%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Church_of_the_Nativity_%287703592746%29.jpg/330px-Church_of_the_Nativity_%287703592746%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Church_of_the_Nativity_%287703592746%29.jpg/500px-Church_of_the_Nativity_%287703592746%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4288" data-file-height="2848" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_Nativity" title="Church of the Nativity">Church of the Nativity</a> in <a href="/wiki/Bethlehem" title="Bethlehem">Bethlehem</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kaaba_mirror_edit_jj.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Kaaba_mirror_edit_jj.jpg/250px-Kaaba_mirror_edit_jj.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Kaaba_mirror_edit_jj.jpg/330px-Kaaba_mirror_edit_jj.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Kaaba_mirror_edit_jj.jpg/500px-Kaaba_mirror_edit_jj.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="900" /></a><figcaption>Pilgrims in the annual <a href="/wiki/Hajj" title="Hajj">Hajj</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Kaabah" class="mw-redirect" title="Kaabah">Kaabah</a> in <a href="/wiki/Mecca" title="Mecca">Mecca</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Abrahamic_religions" title="Abrahamic religions">Abrahamic religions</a> including <a href="/wiki/Judaism" title="Judaism">Judaism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christianity</a>, <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Druze_faith" class="mw-redirect" title="Druze faith">Druze faith</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-131" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-131"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>124<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Bah%C3%A1%CA%BC%C3%AD_Faith" title="Baháʼí Faith">Baháʼí Faith</a> originated in West Asia.<sup id="cite_ref-132" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-132"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>125<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-133" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-133"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>126<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Judaism" title="Judaism">Judaism</a>, the oldest of the Abrahamic faiths, is practiced primarily in <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a>, the indigenous homeland and historical birthplace of the <a href="/wiki/Jews" title="Jews">Hebrew nation</a>: which today consists both of those <a href="/wiki/Jews" title="Jews">Jews</a> who remained in <a href="/wiki/Mizrahi_Jews" title="Mizrahi Jews">the Middle East</a> and those who returned from <a href="/wiki/Jewish_diaspora" title="Jewish diaspora">diaspora</a> in Europe, North America, and other regions;<sup id="cite_ref-134" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-134"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>127<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> though various diaspora communities persist worldwide. Jews are the predominant ethnic group in <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a> (75.6%) numbering at about 6.1 million,<sup id="cite_ref-135" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-135"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>128<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> although the levels of adherence to Jewish religion vary. Outside of Israel there are small ancient Jewish communities in <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a> (17,400),<sup id="cite_ref-136" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-136"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>129<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan" title="Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a> (9,100),<sup id="cite_ref-137" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-137"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>130<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Iran (8,756),<sup id="cite_ref-138" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-138"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>131<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> India (5,000) and <a href="/wiki/Uzbekistan" title="Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a> (4,000),<sup id="cite_ref-139" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-139"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>132<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> among many other places. As of 2016, there are am estimated 14.4–17.5 million (2016, est.)<sup id="cite_ref-140" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-140"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>133<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Jews alive in the world today, making them one of the smallest Asian minorities, at roughly 0.3–0.4& of the total population of the continent. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christianity</a> is a widespread religion in Asia, with more than 286 million adherents in 2010 according to <a href="/wiki/Pew_Research_Center" title="Pew Research Center">Pew Research Center</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-141" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-141"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>134<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and nearly 364 million according to <a href="/wiki/Britannica" class="mw-redirect" title="Britannica">Britannica</a> Book of the Year 2014.<sup id="cite_ref-142" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-142"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>135<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Christians constitute around 12.6% of the total population of Asia. In the Philippines and <a href="/wiki/Timor-Leste" title="Timor-Leste">Timor-Leste</a>, <a href="/wiki/Catholicism" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholicism">Catholicism</a> is the predominant religion;<sup id="cite_ref-Pew_Research_Center_143-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pew_Research_Center-143"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>136<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> it was introduced by the Spaniards and the Portuguese, respectively. In <a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia">Armenia</a> and Georgia, <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodoxy" title="Eastern Orthodoxy">Eastern Orthodoxy</a> is the predominant religion.<sup id="cite_ref-Pew_Research_Center_143-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pew_Research_Center-143"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>136<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the Middle East, such as in the <a href="/wiki/Levant" title="Levant">Levant</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anatolia" title="Anatolia">Anatolia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fars_(territory)" title="Fars (territory)">Fars</a>, <a href="/wiki/Syriac_Christianity" title="Syriac Christianity">Syriac Christianity</a> (<a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_East" title="Church of the East">Church of the East</a>) and <a href="/wiki/Oriental_Orthodoxy" class="mw-redirect" title="Oriental Orthodoxy">Oriental Orthodoxy</a> are prevalent minority denominations,<sup id="cite_ref-144" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-144"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>137<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which are both <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Christian" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Christian">Eastern Christian</a> sects mainly adhered to <a href="/wiki/Assyrian_people" title="Assyrian people">Assyrian people</a> or Syriac Christians. Vibrant indigenous minorities in <a href="/wiki/West_Asia" title="West Asia">West Asia</a> are adhering to the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Catholic_Churches" title="Eastern Catholic Churches">Eastern Catholic Churches</a> and <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodoxy" title="Eastern Orthodoxy">Eastern Orthodoxy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Pew_Research_Center_143-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pew_Research_Center-143"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>136<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Saint_Thomas_Christians" title="Saint Thomas Christians">Saint Thomas Christians</a> in India trace their origins to the evangelistic activity of <a href="/wiki/Thomas_the_Apostle" title="Thomas the Apostle">Thomas the Apostle</a> in the 1st century.<sup id="cite_ref-145" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-145"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>138<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Significant Christian communities also found in <a href="/wiki/Central_Asia" title="Central Asia">Central Asia</a>, <a href="/wiki/South_Asia" title="South Asia">South Asia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Southeast_Asia" title="Southeast Asia">Southeast Asia</a> and <a href="/wiki/East_Asia" title="East Asia">East Asia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Pew_Research_Center_143-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pew_Research_Center-143"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>136<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a>, which originated in the <a href="/wiki/Hejaz" title="Hejaz">Hejaz</a> located in modern-day Saudi Arabia, is the second largest and most widely-spread religion in Asia with at least 1 billion Muslims constituting around 23.8% of the total population of Asia.<sup id="cite_ref-146" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-146"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>139<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With 12.7% of the world Muslim population, the country currently with the largest Muslim population in the world is Indonesia, followed by Pakistan (11.5%), India (10%), Bangladesh, Iran and Turkey. <a href="/wiki/Mecca" title="Mecca">Mecca</a>, <a href="/wiki/Medina" title="Medina">Medina</a> and <a href="/wiki/Holiest_sites_in_Islam#Jerusalem" title="Holiest sites in Islam">Jerusalem</a> are the three holiest cities for Islam in all the world. The <a href="/wiki/Hajj" title="Hajj">Hajj</a> and <a href="/wiki/Umrah" title="Umrah">Umrah</a> attract large numbers of Muslim devotees from all over the world to Mecca and Medina. Iran is the largest <a href="/wiki/Shia" class="mw-redirect" title="Shia">Shia</a> country. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Druze" title="Druze">Druze</a> originated in West Asia, is a monotheistic religion based on the teachings of figures like <a href="/wiki/Hamza_ibn_Ali" title="Hamza ibn Ali">Hamza ibn Ali</a> and <a href="/wiki/Al-Hakim_bi-Amr_Allah" title="Al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah">al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah</a>, and Greek <a href="/wiki/Philosophers" class="mw-redirect" title="Philosophers">philosophers</a> such as <a href="/wiki/Plato" title="Plato">Plato</a> and <a href="/wiki/Aristotle" title="Aristotle">Aristotle</a>. The number of <a href="/wiki/Druze" title="Druze">Druze</a> people worldwide is around one million. Around 45–50% live in <a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a>, 35% to 40% live in <a href="/wiki/Lebanon" title="Lebanon">Lebanon</a>, and less than 10% live in <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a>. Recently there has been a growing Druze diaspora.<sup id="cite_ref-147" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-147"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>140<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Bah%C3%A1%CA%BC%C3%AD_Faith" title="Baháʼí Faith">Baháʼí Faith</a> originated in Asia, in Iran (Persia), and spread from there to the Ottoman Empire, Central Asia, India, and Burma during the lifetime of <a href="/wiki/Bah%C3%A1%27u%27ll%C3%A1h" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahá'u'lláh">Bahá'u'lláh</a>. Since the middle of the 20th century, growth has particularly occurred in other Asian countries, because Baháʼí activities in many Muslim countries has been <a href="/wiki/Persecution_of_Bah%C3%A1%CA%BC%C3%ADs" title="Persecution of Baháʼís">severely suppressed</a> by authorities. <a href="/wiki/Lotus_Temple" title="Lotus Temple">Lotus Temple</a> is a big <a href="/wiki/Bah%C3%A1%CA%BC%C3%AD_temple" class="mw-redirect" title="Baháʼí temple">Baháʼí temple</a> in India. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Indian_and_East_Asian_religions">Indian and East Asian religions</h4></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Eastern_religions" title="Eastern religions">Eastern religions</a></div><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Akshardham_Lotus.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Akshardham_Lotus.jpg/220px-Akshardham_Lotus.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Akshardham_Lotus.jpg/330px-Akshardham_Lotus.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a4/Akshardham_Lotus.jpg 2x" data-file-width="435" data-file-height="327" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Swaminarayan_Hinduism" class="mw-redirect" title="Swaminarayan Hinduism">Swaminarayan</a> <a href="/wiki/Akshardham_Temple" class="mw-redirect" title="Akshardham Temple">Akshardham Temple</a> in <a href="/wiki/Delhi" title="Delhi">Delhi</a>, according to the <a href="/wiki/Guinness_World_Record" class="mw-redirect" title="Guinness World Record">Guinness World Records</a>, is the <i>World's Largest Comprehensive Hindu Temple</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-148" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-148"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>141<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>Almost all Asian religions have philosophical character and Asian philosophical traditions cover a large spectrum of philosophical thoughts and writings. <a href="/wiki/Indian_philosophy" title="Indian philosophy">Indian philosophy</a> includes <a href="/wiki/Hindu_philosophy" title="Hindu philosophy">Hindu philosophy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Buddhist_philosophy" title="Buddhist philosophy">Buddhist philosophy</a>. They include elements of nonmaterial pursuits, whereas another school of thought from India, <a href="/wiki/C%C4%81rv%C4%81ka" class="mw-redirect" title="Cārvāka">Cārvāka</a>, preached the enjoyment of the material world. The religions of <a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jainism" title="Jainism">Jainism</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sikhism" title="Sikhism">Sikhism</a> originated in India, South Asia. In East Asia, particularly in China and Japan, <a href="/wiki/Confucianism" title="Confucianism">Confucianism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Taoism" title="Taoism">Taoism</a> and <a href="/wiki/Zen" title="Zen">Zen</a> Buddhism took shape. </p><p>As of 2012<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Asia&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, Hinduism has around 1.1 billion adherents. The faith represents around 25% of Asia's population and is the largest religion in Asia. However, it is mostly concentrated in South Asia. Over 80% of the populations of both India and Nepal adhere to Hinduism, alongside significant communities in Bangladesh, Pakistan, Bhutan, Sri Lanka and <a href="/wiki/Bali" title="Bali">Bali</a>, Indonesia. Many overseas Indians in countries such as Burma, Singapore and Malaysia also adhere to Hinduism. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Angkor_Wat_reflejado_en_un_estanque_02.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Angkor_Wat_reflejado_en_un_estanque_02.jpg/250px-Angkor_Wat_reflejado_en_un_estanque_02.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Angkor_Wat_reflejado_en_un_estanque_02.jpg/330px-Angkor_Wat_reflejado_en_un_estanque_02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Angkor_Wat_reflejado_en_un_estanque_02.jpg/500px-Angkor_Wat_reflejado_en_un_estanque_02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3928" data-file-height="2600" /></a><figcaption>The Angkor Wat in Cambodia, a Hindu-Buddhist temple and the largest religious monument in the world</figcaption></figure> <p>Buddhism has a great following in mainland Southeast Asia and East Asia. Buddhism is the religion of the majority of the populations of Cambodia (96%),<sup id="cite_ref-149" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-149"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>142<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a> (95%),<sup id="cite_ref-150" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-150"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>143<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Burma" class="mw-redirect" title="Burma">Burma</a> (80–89%),<sup id="cite_ref-151" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-151"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>144<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Japan (36–96%),<sup id="cite_ref-152" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-152"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>145<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Bhutan" title="Bhutan">Bhutan</a> (75–84%),<sup id="cite_ref-153" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-153"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>146<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a> (70%),<sup id="cite_ref-154" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-154"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>147<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Laos" title="Laos">Laos</a> (60–67%)<sup id="cite_ref-155" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-155"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>148<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Mongolia" title="Mongolia">Mongolia</a> (53–93%).<sup id="cite_ref-156" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-156"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>149<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a> (35–93%),<sup id="cite_ref-157" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-157"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>150<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-158" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-158"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>151<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-159" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-159"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>152<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-160" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-160"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>153<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> South Korea (23–50%),<sup id="cite_ref-161" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-161"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>154<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a> (19–21%),<sup id="cite_ref-162" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-162"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>155<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Nepal" title="Nepal">Nepal</a> (9–11%),<sup id="cite_ref-163" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-163"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>156<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a> (10–75%),<sup id="cite_ref-164" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-164"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>157<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> China (20–50%),<sup id="cite_ref-165" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-165"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>158<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/North_Korea" title="North Korea">North Korea</a> (2–14%),<sup id="cite_ref-166" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-166"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>159<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-167" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-167"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>160<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-168" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-168"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>161<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and small communities in India and Bangladesh. The Communist-governed countries of China, Vietnam and North Korea are officially atheist, thus the number of Buddhists and other religious adherents may be under-reported. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Jainism" title="Jainism">Jainism</a> is found mainly in India and in overseas Indian communities such as the United States and Malaysia. <a href="/wiki/Sikhism" title="Sikhism">Sikhism</a> is found in Northern India and amongst overseas Indian communities in other parts of Asia, especially Southeast Asia. <a href="/wiki/Confucianism" title="Confucianism">Confucianism</a> is found predominantly in mainland China, South Korea, Taiwan and in overseas Chinese populations. <a href="/wiki/Taoism" title="Taoism">Taoism</a> is found mainly in mainland China, Taiwan, Malaysia and Singapore. In many Chinese communities, Taoism is easily syncretised with <a href="/wiki/Mahayana_Buddhism" class="mw-redirect" title="Mahayana Buddhism">Mahayana Buddhism</a>, thus exact religious statistics are difficult to obtain and may be understated or overstated. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Traditional_wedding_at_Meji-jingu_72570539_f30636e2ef_o.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Japanese wedding at the Meiji Shrine"><img alt="Japanese wedding at the Meiji Shrine" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Traditional_wedding_at_Meji-jingu_72570539_f30636e2ef_o.jpg/120px-Traditional_wedding_at_Meji-jingu_72570539_f30636e2ef_o.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Traditional_wedding_at_Meji-jingu_72570539_f30636e2ef_o.jpg/180px-Traditional_wedding_at_Meji-jingu_72570539_f30636e2ef_o.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Traditional_wedding_at_Meji-jingu_72570539_f30636e2ef_o.jpg/240px-Traditional_wedding_at_Meji-jingu_72570539_f30636e2ef_o.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Marriage_in_Japan#Weddings_in_Japan" title="Marriage in Japan">Japanese wedding</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Meiji_Shrine" title="Meiji Shrine">Meiji Shrine</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:A_day_of_devotion_%E2%80%93_Thaipusam_in_Singapore_(4316108409).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Hindu festival celebrated by Singapore's Tamil community"><img alt="Hindu festival celebrated by Singapore's Tamil community" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/A_day_of_devotion_%E2%80%93_Thaipusam_in_Singapore_%284316108409%29.jpg/120px-A_day_of_devotion_%E2%80%93_Thaipusam_in_Singapore_%284316108409%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/A_day_of_devotion_%E2%80%93_Thaipusam_in_Singapore_%284316108409%29.jpg/250px-A_day_of_devotion_%E2%80%93_Thaipusam_in_Singapore_%284316108409%29.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="1417" data-file-height="948" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Thaipusam" title="Thaipusam">Hindu</a> festival celebrated by Singapore's <a href="/wiki/Tamil_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Tamil people">Tamil</a> community</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bar_Mitzvah_Western_Wall.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bar mitzvah at the Western Wall in Jerusalem"><img alt="Bar mitzvah at the Western Wall in Jerusalem" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Bar_Mitzvah_Western_Wall.jpg/120px-Bar_Mitzvah_Western_Wall.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Bar_Mitzvah_Western_Wall.jpg/180px-Bar_Mitzvah_Western_Wall.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Bar_Mitzvah_Western_Wall.jpg/240px-Bar_Mitzvah_Western_Wall.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3046" data-file-height="2030" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Bar_mitzvah" class="mw-redirect" title="Bar mitzvah">Bar mitzvah</a> at the Western Wall in Jerusalem</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Feast_of_Black_Nazarene,_Quiapo,_Manila.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Catholic procession of the Black Nazarene in Manila"><img alt="Catholic procession of the Black Nazarene in Manila" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Feast_of_Black_Nazarene%2C_Quiapo%2C_Manila.JPG/120px-Feast_of_Black_Nazarene%2C_Quiapo%2C_Manila.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Feast_of_Black_Nazarene%2C_Quiapo%2C_Manila.JPG/180px-Feast_of_Black_Nazarene%2C_Quiapo%2C_Manila.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Feast_of_Black_Nazarene%2C_Quiapo%2C_Manila.JPG/240px-Feast_of_Black_Nazarene%2C_Quiapo%2C_Manila.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4883" data-file-height="3255" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Catholic procession of the <a href="/wiki/Black_Nazarene" title="Black Nazarene">Black Nazarene</a> in <a href="/wiki/Manila" title="Manila">Manila</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flickr_-_Government_Press_Office_(GPO)_-_Nebi_Shueib_Festival.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Druze dignitaries celebrating the Ziyarat al-Nabi Shu'ayb festival at the tomb of the prophet in Hittin"><img alt="Druze dignitaries celebrating the Ziyarat al-Nabi Shu'ayb festival at the tomb of the prophet in Hittin" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flickr_-_Government_Press_Office_%28GPO%29_-_Nebi_Shueib_Festival.jpg/120px-Flickr_-_Government_Press_Office_%28GPO%29_-_Nebi_Shueib_Festival.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="85" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flickr_-_Government_Press_Office_%28GPO%29_-_Nebi_Shueib_Festival.jpg/180px-Flickr_-_Government_Press_Office_%28GPO%29_-_Nebi_Shueib_Festival.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flickr_-_Government_Press_Office_%28GPO%29_-_Nebi_Shueib_Festival.jpg/240px-Flickr_-_Government_Press_Office_%28GPO%29_-_Nebi_Shueib_Festival.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2984" data-file-height="2104" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Israeli_Druze" class="mw-redirect" title="Israeli Druze">Druze</a> dignitaries celebrating the <a href="/wiki/Ziyarat_al-Nabi_Shu%27ayb" class="mw-redirect" title="Ziyarat al-Nabi Shu'ayb">Ziyarat al-Nabi Shu'ayb</a> festival at the tomb of the prophet in <a href="/wiki/Hittin" title="Hittin">Hittin</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Echmiadzin_Cathedral,_Armenia_(5047080550).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Christian Armenians praying at the Etchmiadzin Cathedral in Vagharshapat"><img alt="Christian Armenians praying at the Etchmiadzin Cathedral in Vagharshapat" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Echmiadzin_Cathedral%2C_Armenia_%285047080550%29.jpg/120px-Echmiadzin_Cathedral%2C_Armenia_%285047080550%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Echmiadzin_Cathedral%2C_Armenia_%285047080550%29.jpg/250px-Echmiadzin_Cathedral%2C_Armenia_%285047080550%29.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Christian Armenians praying at the <a href="/wiki/Etchmiadzin_Cathedral" title="Etchmiadzin Cathedral">Etchmiadzin Cathedral</a> in <a href="/wiki/Vagharshapat" title="Vagharshapat">Vagharshapat</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%C4%B0stanbul_4258.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Muslim men praying at the Ortaköy Mosque in Istanbul"><img alt="Muslim men praying at the Ortaköy Mosque in Istanbul" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/%C4%B0stanbul_4258.jpg/120px-%C4%B0stanbul_4258.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/%C4%B0stanbul_4258.jpg/180px-%C4%B0stanbul_4258.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/%C4%B0stanbul_4258.jpg/240px-%C4%B0stanbul_4258.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2576" data-file-height="1932" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Muslim men praying at the <a href="/wiki/Ortak%C3%B6y_Mosque" title="Ortaköy Mosque">Ortaköy Mosque</a> in <a href="/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul">Istanbul</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Buddhist_Monks_performing_traditional_Sand_mandala_made_from_coloured_sand.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Buddhist Monks performing traditional Sand mandala made from coloured sand"><img alt="Buddhist Monks performing traditional Sand mandala made from coloured sand" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Buddhist_Monks_performing_traditional_Sand_mandala_made_from_coloured_sand.jpg/120px-Buddhist_Monks_performing_traditional_Sand_mandala_made_from_coloured_sand.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Buddhist_Monks_performing_traditional_Sand_mandala_made_from_coloured_sand.jpg/180px-Buddhist_Monks_performing_traditional_Sand_mandala_made_from_coloured_sand.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Buddhist_Monks_performing_traditional_Sand_mandala_made_from_coloured_sand.jpg/240px-Buddhist_Monks_performing_traditional_Sand_mandala_made_from_coloured_sand.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Buddhist Monks performing traditional Sand mandala made from coloured sand</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culture">Culture</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Asia" title="Culture of Asia">Culture of Asia</a></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Asia" title="Culture of Asia">culture of Asia</a> is a diverse blend of customs and traditions that have been practiced by the various ethnic groups of the continent for centuries. The continent is divided into six geographic sub-regions: <a href="/wiki/Central_Asia" title="Central Asia">Central Asia</a>, <a href="/wiki/East_Asian_cultural_sphere" class="mw-redirect" title="East Asian cultural sphere">East Asia</a>, <a href="/wiki/North_Asia" title="North Asia">North Asia</a>, <a href="/wiki/South_Asian_ethnic_groups" class="mw-redirect" title="South Asian ethnic groups">South Asia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Southeast_Asia" title="Southeast Asia">Southeast Asia</a>, and <a href="/wiki/West_Asia" title="West Asia">West Asia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-169" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-169"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>162<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These regions are defined by their cultural similarities, including common religions, languages, and ethnicities. West Asia, also known as Southwest Asia or the <a href="/wiki/Middle_East" title="Middle East">Middle East</a>, has cultural roots in the ancient civilisations of the <a href="/wiki/Fertile_Crescent" title="Fertile Crescent">Fertile Crescent</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mesopotamia" title="Mesopotamia">Mesopotamia</a>, which gave rise to the <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Persian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arab_world" title="Arab world">Arab</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman</a> empires, as well as the Abrahamic religions of Judaism, Christianity and Islam.<sup id="cite_ref-170" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-170"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>163<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These civilisations, which are located in the <a href="/wiki/Hilly_flanks" class="mw-redirect" title="Hilly flanks">Hilly flanks</a>, are among the oldest in the world, with evidence of farming dating back to around 9000 BCE.<sup id="cite_ref-171" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-171"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>164<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Despite the challenges posed by the vast size of the continent and the presence of natural barriers such as deserts and mountain ranges, trade and commerce have helped to create a <a href="/wiki/Pan-Asian" class="mw-redirect" title="Pan-Asian">Pan-Asian</a> culture that is shared across the region.<sup id="cite_ref-172" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-172"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>165<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nobel_laureates">Nobel laureates</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rabindranath_Tagore_in_1909.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Rabindranath_Tagore_in_1909.jpg/180px-Rabindranath_Tagore_in_1909.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="252" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Rabindranath_Tagore_in_1909.jpg/270px-Rabindranath_Tagore_in_1909.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Rabindranath_Tagore_in_1909.jpg/360px-Rabindranath_Tagore_in_1909.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1071" data-file-height="1500" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Rabindranath_Tagore" title="Rabindranath Tagore">Rabindranath Tagore</a>, winner of the <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_for_Literature" class="mw-redirect" title="Nobel Prize for Literature">Nobel Prize for Literature</a> in 1913, and Asia's first Nobel laureate</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Rabindranath_Tagore" title="Rabindranath Tagore">Rabindranath Tagore</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Bengali_literature" title="Bengali literature">Bengali</a> dramatist and author from <a href="/wiki/Santiniketan" class="mw-redirect" title="Santiniketan">Santiniketan</a> (now in <a href="/wiki/West_Bengal" title="West Bengal">West Bengal</a>, India), won the <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="Nobel Prize in Literature">Nobel Prize in Literature</a> in 1913, becoming the first Asian <a href="/wiki/Nobel_laureate" class="mw-redirect" title="Nobel laureate">Nobel laureate</a>. The prize was awarded for Tagore's prose works and poetry, which had a significant additional impact on national literatures throughout the Western world. Tagore also authored both the Indian and Bangladeshi national anthems. </p><p>Other Asian writers who won Nobel Prize for literature include <a href="/wiki/Yasunari_Kawabata" title="Yasunari Kawabata">Yasunari Kawabata</a> (Japan, 1968), <a href="/wiki/Kenzabur%C5%8D_%C5%8Ce" title="Kenzaburō Ōe">Kenzaburō Ōe</a> (Japan, 1994), <a href="/wiki/Gao_Xingjian" title="Gao Xingjian">Gao Xingjian</a> (China, 2000), <a href="/wiki/Orhan_Pamuk" title="Orhan Pamuk">Orhan Pamuk</a> (Turkey, 2006), and <a href="/wiki/Mo_Yan" title="Mo Yan">Mo Yan</a> (China, 2012). Some may consider the American writer, <a href="/wiki/Pearl_S._Buck" title="Pearl S. Buck">Pearl S. Buck</a>, an honorary Asian Nobel laureate, having spent considerable time in China as the daughter of missionaries, and based many of her novels, namely <i><a href="/wiki/The_Good_Earth" title="The Good Earth">The Good Earth</a></i> (1931) and <i><a href="/wiki/The_Mother_(1934_novel)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Mother (1934 novel)">The Mother</a></i> (1933), as well as the biographies of her parents for their time in China, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Exile_(1936_book)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Exile (1936 book)">The Exile</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Fighting_Angel" title="Fighting Angel">Fighting Angel</a></i>, all of which earned her the Literature prize in 1938. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Mother_Teresa" title="Mother Teresa">Mother Teresa</a> of India and <a href="/wiki/Shirin_Ebadi" title="Shirin Ebadi">Shirin Ebadi</a> of Iran were awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for their significant and pioneering efforts for <a href="/wiki/Democracy" title="Democracy">democracy</a> and human rights, especially for the rights of women and children. Ebadi is the first Iranian and the first Muslim woman to receive the prize. Another Nobel Peace Prize winner is <a href="/wiki/Aung_San_Suu_Kyi" title="Aung San Suu Kyi">Aung San Suu Kyi</a> from <a href="/wiki/Burma" class="mw-redirect" title="Burma">Burma</a> for her peaceful and non-violent struggle under a military dictatorship in Burma. She is a nonviolent pro-democracy activist and leader of the National League for Democracy in Burma (Myanmar) and a noted prisoner of conscience. She is a <a href="/wiki/Buddhist" class="mw-redirect" title="Buddhist">Buddhist</a> and was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1991. Chinese dissident <a href="/wiki/Liu_Xiaobo" title="Liu Xiaobo">Liu Xiaobo</a> was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for "his long and non-violent struggle for fundamental human rights in China" on 8 October 2010. He is the first Chinese citizen to be awarded a Nobel Prize of any kind while residing in China. In 2014, <a href="/wiki/Kailash_Satyarthi" title="Kailash Satyarthi">Kailash Satyarthi</a> from India and <a href="/wiki/Malala_Yousafzai" title="Malala Yousafzai">Malala Yousafzai</a> from Pakistan were awarded the Nobel Peace Prize "for their struggle against the suppression of children and young people and for the right of all children to education". </p><p><a href="/wiki/C.V._Raman" class="mw-redirect" title="C.V. Raman">C.V. Raman</a> is the first Asian to get a Nobel prize in Sciences. He won the <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Physics" title="Nobel Prize in Physics">Nobel Prize in Physics</a> "for his work on the scattering of light and for the discovery of the <a href="/wiki/Raman_scattering" title="Raman scattering">effect named after him</a>". </p><p>Japan has won the most Nobel Prizes of any Asian nation with 24 followed by India which has won 13.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers"><span title="The text near this tag is dated. (January 2025)">needs update</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Amartya_Sen" title="Amartya Sen">Amartya Sen</a> (<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><abbr title="born">b.</abbr> 1933</span>) is an Indian economist who was awarded the 1998 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences for his contributions to welfare economics and <a href="/wiki/Social_choice_theory" title="Social choice theory">social choice theory</a>, and for his interest in the problems of society's poorest members. </p><p>Other Asian Nobel Prize winners include <a href="/wiki/Subrahmanyan_Chandrasekhar" title="Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar">Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Abdus_Salam" title="Abdus Salam">Abdus Salam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Robert_Aumann" title="Robert Aumann">Robert Aumann</a>, <a href="/wiki/Menachem_Begin" title="Menachem Begin">Menachem Begin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aaron_Ciechanover" title="Aaron Ciechanover">Aaron Ciechanover</a>, <a href="/wiki/Avram_Hershko" title="Avram Hershko">Avram Hershko</a>, <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Kahneman" title="Daniel Kahneman">Daniel Kahneman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shimon_Peres" title="Shimon Peres">Shimon Peres</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yitzhak_Rabin" title="Yitzhak Rabin">Yitzhak Rabin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ada_Yonath" title="Ada Yonath">Ada Yonath</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yasser_Arafat" title="Yasser Arafat">Yasser Arafat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Ramos-Horta" title="José Ramos-Horta">José Ramos-Horta</a> and Bishop <a href="/wiki/Carlos_Filipe_Ximenes_Belo" title="Carlos Filipe Ximenes Belo">Carlos Filipe Ximenes Belo</a> of <a href="/wiki/Timor_Leste" class="mw-redirect" title="Timor Leste">Timor Leste</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kim_Dae-jung" title="Kim Dae-jung">Kim Dae-jung</a>, and 13 Japanese scientists. Most of the said awardees are from Japan and <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a> except for Chandrasekhar and Raman (India), Abdus Salam (Pakistan), Arafat (Palestinian Territories), Kim (South Korea), and Horta and Belo (Timor Leste).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers"><span title="The text near this tag is dated. (January 2025)">needs update</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In 2006, the Bangladeshi <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Yunus" title="Muhammad Yunus">Muhammad Yunus</a> of was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for the establishment of <a href="/wiki/Grameen_Bank" title="Grameen Bank">Grameen Bank</a>, a community development bank that lends money to poor people, especially women. He is known for the concept of micro credit which, allows poor and destitute people to borrow money. The borrowers pay back money within the specified period and defaulting is very low. Yunus also became the leader of an <a href="/wiki/Yunus_interim_government" class="mw-redirect" title="Yunus interim government">interim government</a> after the <a href="/wiki/2024_Bangladesh_quota_reform_movement" title="2024 Bangladesh quota reform movement">2024 Bangladesh quota reform movement</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-173" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-173"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>166<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Dalai_Lama" title="Dalai Lama">Dalai Lama</a> received the Nobel Peace Prize, in <a href="/wiki/Oslo" title="Oslo">Oslo</a>, Norway in 1989.<sup id="cite_ref-174" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-174"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>167<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Asia_(orthographic_projection).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/28px-Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/42px-Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/56px-Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="541" data-file-height="541" /></a></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Asia" title="Portal:Asia">Asia portal</a></span></li></ul> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Asia" title="Outline of Asia">Outline of Asia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Index_of_Asia-related_articles" title="Index of Asia-related articles">Index of Asia-related articles</a></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asian_Century" title="Asian Century">Asian Century</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asian_Games" title="Asian Games">Asian Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asian_Highway_Network" title="Asian Highway Network">Asian Highway Network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asian_Monetary_Unit" title="Asian Monetary Unit">Asian Monetary Unit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asian_Para_Games" title="Asian Para Games">Asian Para Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Asia" class="mw-redirect" title="List of cities in Asia">List of cities in Asia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asian_cuisine" title="Asian cuisine">Asian cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asian_furniture" title="Asian furniture">Asian furniture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Mediterranean" title="Eastern Mediterranean">Eastern Mediterranean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_world" title="Eastern world">Eastern world</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fauna_of_Asia" title="Fauna of Asia">Fauna of Asia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flags_of_Asia" title="Flags of Asia">Flags of Asia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_metropolitan_areas_in_Asia_by_population" class="mw-redirect" title="List of metropolitan areas in Asia by population">List of metropolitan areas in Asia by population</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trans-Asian_Railway" class="mw-redirect" title="Trans-Asian Railway">Trans-Asian Railway</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-lower-alpha" style="column-width: 30em;"> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626" /><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Asia is normally considered its own continent in the English speaking world, which uses the seven continent model.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other models consider Asia as part of a Eurasian or Afro-Eurasian continent (see <a href="/wiki/Continent#Number" title="Continent">Continent § Number</a>).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">44,579,000 square kilometres (17,212,000 square miles)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Siberia lies in Asia geographically, but is considered part of Europe culturally and politically.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-transcon-96"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-transcon_96-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-transcon_96-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-transcon_96-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-transcon_96-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-transcon_96-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Transcontinental_country" class="mw-redirect" title="Transcontinental country">Transcontinental country</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-97">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Russia is a <a href="/wiki/Transcontinental_country" class="mw-redirect" title="Transcontinental country">transcontinental country</a> located in <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Europe" title="Eastern Europe">Eastern Europe</a> and <a href="/wiki/North_Asia" title="North Asia">North Asia</a>, but is considered European historically, culturally, ethnically, and politically, and the vast majority of its population (78%) lives within its <a href="/wiki/European_Russia" title="European Russia">European part</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-98">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Moscow is located in <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-99"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-99">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Turkey is a <a href="/wiki/Transcontinental_country" class="mw-redirect" title="Transcontinental country">transcontinental country</a> located mainly in <a href="/wiki/West_Asia" title="West Asia">West Asia</a> with a smaller portion in <a href="/wiki/Southeastern_Europe" class="mw-redirect" title="Southeastern Europe">Southeastern Europe</a>.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626" /><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>National Geographic Family Reference Atlas of the World</i>. Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society (U.S.). 2006. p. 264.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=National+Geographic+Family+Reference+Atlas+of+the+World&rft.place=Washington%2C+D.C.&rft.pages=264&rft.pub=National+Geographic+Society+%28U.S.%29&rft.date=2006&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-UN_WPP-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-UN_WPP_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-UN_WPP_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-UN_WPP_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://population.un.org/wpp/">"World Population Prospects 2022"</a>. <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Department_of_Economic_and_Social_Affairs" title="United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs">United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs</a>, Population Division<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 July</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=World+Population+Prospects+2022&rft.pub=United+Nations+Department+of+Economic+and+Social+Affairs%2C+Population+Division&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpopulation.un.org%2Fwpp%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-UN_WPP_2022-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-UN_WPP_2022_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-UN_WPP_2022_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-UN_WPP_2022_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://population.un.org/wpp/Download/Files/1_Indicators%20(Standard)/EXCEL_FILES/1_General/WPP2022_GEN_F01_DEMOGRAPHIC_INDICATORS_COMPACT_REV1.xlsx">"World Population Prospects 2022: Demographic indicators by region, subregion and country, annually for 1950-2100"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(XSLX)</span> ("Total Population, as of 1 July (thousands)"). <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Department_of_Economic_and_Social_Affairs" title="United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs">United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs</a>, Population Division<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 July</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=World+Population+Prospects+2022%3A+Demographic+indicators+by+region%2C+subregion+and+country%2C+annually+for+1950-2100&rft.pub=United+Nations+Department+of+Economic+and+Social+Affairs%2C+Population+Division&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpopulation.un.org%2Fwpp%2FDownload%2FFiles%2F1_Indicators%2520%28Standard%29%2FEXCEL_FILES%2F1_General%2FWPP2022_GEN_F01_DEMOGRAPHIC_INDICATORS_COMPACT_REV1.xlsx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imf.org/external/datamapper/PPPGDP@WEO/OEMDC/ADVEC/WEOWORLD">"GDP PPP, current prices"</a>. International Monetary Fund. 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210122001107/https://www.imf.org/external/datamapper/PPPGDP@WEO/OEMDC/ADVEC/WEOWORLD">Archived</a> from the original on 22 January 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 January</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=GDP+PPP%2C+current+prices&rft.pub=International+Monetary+Fund&rft.date=2022&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.imf.org%2Fexternal%2Fdatamapper%2FPPPGDP%40WEO%2FOEMDC%2FADVEC%2FWEOWORLD&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imf.org/external/datamapper/NGDPD@WEO/OEMDC/ADVEC/WEOWORLD">"GDP Nominal, current prices"</a>. International Monetary Fund. 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170225211431/https://www.imf.org/external/datamapper/NGDPD@WEO/OEMDC/ADVEC/WEOWORLD">Archived</a> from the original on 25 February 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 January</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=GDP+Nominal%2C+current+prices&rft.pub=International+Monetary+Fund&rft.date=2022&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.imf.org%2Fexternal%2Fdatamapper%2FNGDPD%40WEO%2FOEMDC%2FADVEC%2FWEOWORLD&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imf.org/external/datamapper/NGDPDPC@WEO/OEMDC/ADVEC/WEOWORLD">"Nominal GDP per capita"</a>. International Monetary Fund. 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200111084550/https://www.imf.org/external/datamapper/NGDPDPC@WEO/OEMDC/ADVEC/WEOWORLD">Archived</a> from the original on 11 January 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 January</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Nominal+GDP+per+capita&rft.pub=International+Monetary+Fund&rft.date=2022&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.imf.org%2Fexternal%2Fdatamapper%2FNGDPDPC%40WEO%2FOEMDC%2FADVEC%2FWEOWORLD&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFJohnsonCrossing2022" class="citation journal cs1">Johnson, Todd M.; Crossing, Peter F. (14 October 2022). "Religions by Continent". <i>Journal of Religion and Demography</i>. <b>9</b> (<span class="nowrap">1–</span>2): <span class="nowrap">91–</span>110. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1163%2F2589742x-bja10013">10.1163/2589742x-bja10013</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2589-7411">2589-7411</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Religion+and+Demography&rft.atitle=Religions+by+Continent&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E1%E2%80%93%3C%2Fspan%3E2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E91-%3C%2Fspan%3E110&rft.date=2022-10-14&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1163%2F2589742x-bja10013&rft.issn=2589-7411&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=Todd+M.&rft.au=Crossing%2C+Peter+F.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/asia?q=Asia">"Asia"</a>. <i>Oxford Learner's Dictionaries</i>. Oxford University PRess.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Asia&rft.btitle=Oxford+Learner%27s+Dictionaries&rft.pub=Oxford+University+PRess&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com%2Fdefinition%2Fenglish%2Fasia%3Fq%3DAsia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Asia">"Asia"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Merriam-Webster" title="Merriam-Webster">Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary</a></i>. Merriam-Webster.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Merriam-Webster.com+Dictionary&rft.atitle=Asia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.merriam-webster.com%2Fdictionary%2FAsia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/articles/zmh4bdm">"Asia: The largest continent on Earth"</a>. BBC Bitesize. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221007001521/https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/articles/zmh4bdm">Archived</a> from the original on 7 October 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Asia%3A+The+largest+continent+on+Earth&rft.pub=BBC+Bitesize&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fbitesize%2Farticles%2Fzmh4bdm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Boudreau-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Boudreau_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Boudreau_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBoudreauMcDanielSproutTurgeon" class="citation web cs1">Boudreau, Diane; McDaniel, Melissa; Sprout, Erin; Turgeon, Andrew. Evers, Jeannie; West, Kara (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/asia/">"Asia: Physical Geography"</a>. <i>National Geographic Society</i>. Crooks, Mary; Gunther, Tim; Wynne, Nancy. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220630200953/https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/asia">Archived</a> from the original on 30 June 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 February</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Geographic+Society&rft.atitle=Asia%3A+Physical+Geography&rft.aulast=Boudreau&rft.aufirst=Diane&rft.au=McDaniel%2C+Melissa&rft.au=Sprout%2C+Erin&rft.au=Turgeon%2C+Andrew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Feducation.nationalgeographic.org%2Fresource%2Fasia%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160305042434/http://www.un.org/esa/population/publications/sixbillion/sixbillion.htm">"The World at Six Billion"</a>. UN Population Division. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.un.org/esa/population/publications/sixbillion/sixbillion.htm">the original</a> on 5 March 2016,</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+World+at+Six+Billion&rft.pub=UN+Population+Division&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.un.org%2Fesa%2Fpopulation%2Fpublications%2Fsixbillion%2Fsixbillion.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsia" class="Z3988"></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160101220025/http://www.un.org/esa/population/publications/sixbillion/sixbilpart1.pdf">"Table 2"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.un.org/esa/population/publications/sixbillion/sixbilpart1.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 1 January 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Table+2&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.un.org%2Fesa%2Fpopulation%2Fpublications%2Fsixbillion%2Fsixbilpart1.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-National_Geographic-1999-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-National_Geographic-1999_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-National_Geographic-1999_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>National Geographic Atlas of the World</i> (7th ed.). Washington, D.C.: <a href="/wiki/National_Geographic_Society" title="National Geographic Society">National Geographic</a>. 1999. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7922-7528-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7922-7528-2"><bdi>978-0-7922-7528-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=National+Geographic+Atlas+of+the+World&rft.place=Washington%2C+D.C.&rft.edition=7th&rft.pub=National+Geographic&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-0-7922-7528-2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsia" class="Z3988"></span> "Europe" (pp. 68–69); "Asia" (pp. 90–91): "A commonly accepted division between Asia and Europe is formed by the Ural Mountains, Ural River, Caspian Sea, Caucasus Mountains, and the Black Sea with its outlets, the Bosporus and Dardanelles."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFNalapat" class="citation web cs1">Nalapat, M. D. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100110045822/http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/SRR/Volume14/nalapat.html">"Ensuring China's 'Peaceful Rise'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/SRR/Volume14/nalapat.html">the original</a> on 10 January 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 January</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ensuring+China%27s+%27Peaceful+Rise%27&rft.aulast=Nalapat&rft.aufirst=M.+D.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bharat-rakshak.com%2FSRR%2FVolume14%2Fnalapat.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Eric.ed.gov-2000-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Eric.ed.gov-2000_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Eric.ed.gov-2000_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/custom/portlets/recordDetails/detailmini.jsp?_nfpb=true&_&ERICExtSearch_SearchValue_0=ED460052&ERICExtSearch_SearchType_0=no&accno=ED460052"><i>Dahlman, Carl J; Aubert, Jean-Eric. China and the Knowledge Economy: Seizing the 21st century. WBI Development Studies. World Bank Publications. Accessed 30 January 2008</i></a>. Eric.ed.gov. 2000. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8213-5005-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8213-5005-8"><bdi>978-0-8213-5005-8</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080304235359/http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/custom/portlets/recordDetails/detailmini.jsp?_nfpb=true&_&ERICExtSearch_SearchValue_0=ED460052&ERICExtSearch_SearchType_0=no&accno=ED460052">Archived</a> from the original on 4 March 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 June</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dahlman%2C+Carl+J%3B+Aubert%2C+Jean-Eric.+China+and+the+Knowledge+Economy%3A+Seizing+the+21st+century.+WBI+Development+Studies.+World+Bank+Publications.+Accessed+30+January+2008&rft.pub=Eric.ed.gov&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-0-8213-5005-8&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eric.ed.gov%2FERICWebPortal%2Fcustom%2Fportlets%2FrecordDetails%2Fdetailmini.jsp%3F_nfpb%3Dtrue%26_%26ERICExtSearch_SearchValue_0%3DED460052%26ERICExtSearch_SearchType_0%3Dno%26accno%3DED460052&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.economist.com/special-report/2004/10/02/the-real-great-leap-forward">"The Real Great Leap Forward"</a>. <i>The Economist</i>. 30 September 2004. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161227234147/http://www.economist.com/surveys/displaystory.cfm?story_id=E1_PNTJQTR">Archived</a> from the original on 27 December 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Economist&rft.atitle=The+Real+Great+Leap+Forward&rft.date=2004-09-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.economist.com%2Fspecial-report%2F2004%2F10%2F02%2Fthe-real-great-leap-forward&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.economist.com/diversions/millennium/displayStory.cfm?Story_ID=346605">"Like herrings in a barrel"</a>. <i>The Economist</i>. No. Millennium issue: Population. 23 December 1999. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100104100155/http://www.economist.com/diversions/millennium/displayStory.cfm?Story_ID=346605">Archived</a> from the original on 4 January 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Economist&rft.atitle=Like+herrings+in+a+barrel&rft.issue=Millennium+issue%3A+Population&rft.date=1999-12-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.economist.com%2Fdiversions%2Fmillennium%2FdisplayStory.cfm%3FStory_ID%3D346605&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMcMahon2011" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">McMahon, Gregory (2011). "The Land and Peoples of Anatolia through Ancient Eyes". In Steadman, Sharon; McMahon, Gregory (eds.). <i>The Oxford Handbook of Ancient Anatolia</i>. Oxford University Press. p. 21. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Foxfordhb%2F9780195376142.013.0002">10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195376142.013.0002</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Land+and+Peoples+of+Anatolia+through+Ancient+Eyes&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Handbook+of+Ancient+Anatolia&rft.pages=21&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2011&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Foxfordhb%2F9780195376142.013.0002&rft.aulast=McMahon&rft.aufirst=Gregory&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bossert, Helmut T., <i>Asia</i>, Istanbul, 1946.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRose2013" class="citation book cs1">Rose, Charles Brian (2013). <i>The Archaeology of Greek and Roman Troy</i>. Cambridge University Press. pp. <span class="nowrap">108–</span>109. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-76207-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-76207-6"><bdi>978-0-521-76207-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Archaeology+of+Greek+and+Roman+Troy&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E108-%3C%2Fspan%3E109&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-0-521-76207-6&rft.aulast=Rose&rft.aufirst=Charles+Brian&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFVentrisChadwick1973">Ventris & Chadwick 1973</a>, pp. 410, 536.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCollinsBachvarovaRutherford2010" class="citation book cs1">Collins, Billie Jean; Bachvarova, Mary R.; Rutherford, Ian (28 March 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=7KemAwAAQBAJ&pg=PT146"><i>Anatolian Interfaces: Hittites, Greeks and their Neighbours</i></a>. Oxbow. p. 120. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-78297-475-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-78297-475-8"><bdi>978-1-78297-475-8</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221204010301/https://books.google.com/books?id=7KemAwAAQBAJ&pg=PT146">Archived</a> from the original on 4 December 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 March</span> 2023</span>. <q>assuwa pylos "aswia" = Linear B A-si-wi-ja</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Anatolian+Interfaces%3A+Hittites%2C+Greeks+and+their+Neighbours&rft.pages=120&rft.pub=Oxbow&rft.date=2010-03-28&rft.isbn=978-1-78297-475-8&rft.aulast=Collins&rft.aufirst=Billie+Jean&rft.au=Bachvarova%2C+Mary+R.&rft.au=Rutherford%2C+Ian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D7KemAwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPT146&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Book IV, Article 45.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theoi.com/Nymphe/NympheAsie.html">"Asie"</a>. <i>Encyclopedia: Greek Gods, Spirits, Monsters</i>. Theoi Greek Mythology, Exploring Mythology in Classical Literature and Art. 2000–2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100604045105/http://www.theoi.com/Nymphe/NympheAsie.html">Archived</a> from the original on 4 June 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Asie&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia%3A+Greek+Gods%2C+Spirits%2C+Monsters&rft.pub=Theoi+Greek+Mythology%2C+Exploring+Mythology+in+Classical+Literature+and+Art&rft.date=2000%2F2011&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.theoi.com%2FNymphe%2FNympheAsie.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Μ95, Π717.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Β461.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLiddellScottJonesMcKenzie2007" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; Jones, Henry Stuart; McKenzie, Roderick (2007) [1940]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D*%29asi%2Fa">"Ἀσία"</a>. <i>A Greek-English Lexicon</i>. Medford: Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110427042823/http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D*%29asi%2Fa">Archived</a> from the original on 27 April 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=%E1%BC%88%CF%83%CE%AF%CE%B1&rft.btitle=A+Greek-English+Lexicon&rft.place=Medford&rft.pub=Perseus+Digital+Library%2C+Tufts+University&rft.date=2007&rft.aulast=Liddell&rft.aufirst=Henry+George&rft.au=Scott%2C+Robert&rft.au=Jones%2C+Henry+Stuart&rft.au=McKenzie%2C+Roderick&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.perseus.tufts.edu%2Fhopper%2Ftext%3Fdoc%3DPerseus%253Atext%253A1999.04.0057%253Aentry%253D%2A%2529asi%252Fa&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://etymonline.com/index.php?term=Asia&allowed_in_frame=0">"Asia"</a>. <i>Etymonline.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170525113914/http://etymonline.com/index.php?term=Asia&allowed_in_frame=0">Archived</a> from the original on 25 May 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 November</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Asia&rft.btitle=Etymonline.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fetymonline.com%2Findex.php%3Fterm%3DAsia%26allowed_in_frame%3D0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSlomp2011" class="citation book cs1">Slomp, Hans (2011). <i>Europe, A Political Profile: An American Companion to European Politics</i> (Illustrated, revised ed.). ABC-CLIO. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0313391828" title="Special:BookSources/978-0313391828"><bdi>978-0313391828</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Europe%2C+A+Political+Profile%3A+An+American+Companion+to+European+Politics&rft.edition=Illustrated%2C+revised&rft.pub=ABC-CLIO&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-0313391828&rft.aulast=Slomp&rft.aufirst=Hans&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a href="/wiki/Histories_(Herodotus)" title="Histories (Herodotus)">Histories</a></i> 4.38. Cf. James Rennell, <i>The Geographical System of Herodotus Examined and Explained</i>, Volume 1, Rivington 1830, <a href="//archive.org/details/bub_gb_enQ-AAAAcAAJ/page/n274" class="extiw" title="iarchive:bub gb enQ-AAAAcAAJ/page/n274">p. 244</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">according to Strabo (<i><a href="/wiki/Geographica" title="Geographica">Geographica</a></i> 11.7.4) even at the time of <a href="/wiki/Alexander_the_Great" title="Alexander the Great">Alexander</a>, "it was agreed by all that the Tanais river separated Asia from Europe" (<span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">ὡμολόγητο ἐκ πάντων ὅτι διείργει τὴν Ἀσίαν ἀπὸ τῆς Εὐρώπης ὁ Τάναϊς ποταμός</span></span>; cf. Duane W. Roller, <i>Eratosthenes' Geography</i>, Princeton University Press, 2010, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-691-14267-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-691-14267-8">978-0-691-14267-8</a>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFEratosthenes2010" class="citation book cs1">Eratosthenes (24 January 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=8peKyWK_SWsC&pg=PA57"><i>Geography</i></a>. Princeton University Press. p. 57. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-691-14267-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-691-14267-8"><bdi>978-0-691-14267-8</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220326125152/https://books.google.com/books?id=8peKyWK_SWsC&pg=PA57">Archived</a> from the original on 26 March 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 January</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Geography&rft.pages=57&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=2010-01-24&rft.isbn=978-0-691-14267-8&rft.au=Eratosthenes&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D8peKyWK_SWsC%26pg%3DPA57&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsia" class="Z3988"></span>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">W. Theiler, <i>Posidonios. Die Fragmente</i>, vol. 1. Berlin: De Gruyter, 1982, fragm. 47a.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">I. G. Kidd (ed.), <i>Posidonius: The commentary</i>, Cambridge University Press, 2004, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-60443-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-60443-7">978-0-521-60443-7</a>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPosidonius1989" class="citation book cs1">Posidonius (1989). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=_iXs1aCr1ckC&pg=PA738"><i>p. 738</i></a>. Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-60443-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-60443-7"><bdi>978-0-521-60443-7</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200801115807/https://books.google.com/books?id=_iXs1aCr1ckC&pg=PA738">Archived</a> from the original on 1 August 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 January</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=p.+738&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1989&rft.isbn=978-0-521-60443-7&rft.au=Posidonius&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D_iXs1aCr1ckC%26pg%3DPA738&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a href="/wiki/Geographia" class="mw-redirect" title="Geographia">Geographia</a></i> 7.5.6 (ed. Nobbe 1845, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPtolomy1845" class="citation book cs1">Ptolomy, Claudio (1845). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=vHMCAAAAQAAJ"><i>Geographia</i></a>. Vol. 2. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200524011208/https://books.google.com/books?id=vHMCAAAAQAAJ">Archived</a> from the original on 24 May 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 January</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Geographia&rft.date=1845&rft.aulast=Ptolomy&rft.aufirst=Claudio&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DvHMCAAAAQAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsia" class="Z3988"></span>, p. 178). <span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">Καὶ τῇ Εὐρώπῃ δὲ συνάπτει διὰ τοῦ μεταξὺ αὐχένος τῆς τε Μαιώτιδος λίμνης καὶ τοῦ Σαρματικοῦ Ὠκεανοῦ ἐπὶ τῆς διαβάσεως τοῦ Τανάϊδος ποταμοῦ.</span></span> "And [Asia] is connected to Europe by the land-strait between Lake Maiotis and the Sarmatian Ocean where the river Tanais crosses through."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lineback-2013-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Lineback-2013_37-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lineback-2013_37-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLineback2013" class="citation magazine cs1">Lineback, Neal (9 July 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160508224947/http://voices.nationalgeographic.com/2013/07/09/geography-in-the-news-eurasias-boundaries/">"Geography in the News: Eurasia's Boundaries"</a>. <i>National Geographic</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://voices.nationalgeographic.com/2013/07/09/geography-in-the-news-eurasias-boundaries/">the original</a> on 8 May 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 June</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=National+Geographic&rft.atitle=Geography+in+the+News%3A+Eurasia%27s+Boundaries&rft.date=2013-07-09&rft.aulast=Lineback&rft.aufirst=Neal&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fvoices.nationalgeographic.com%2F2013%2F07%2F09%2Fgeography-in-the-news-eurasias-boundaries%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLewisWigen1997">Lewis & Wigen 1997</a>, pp. 27–28.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">"Suez Canal: 1250 to 1920: Middle East". <i>Cultural Sociology of the Middle East, Asia, & Africa: An Encyclopedia</i>. Sage. 2012. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.4135%2F9781452218458.n112">10.4135/9781452218458.n112</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4129-8176-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4129-8176-7"><bdi>978-1-4129-8176-7</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:126449508">126449508</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Suez+Canal%3A+1250+to+1920%3A+Middle+East&rft.btitle=Cultural+Sociology+of+the+Middle+East%2C+Asia%2C+%26+Africa%3A+An+Encyclopedia&rft.pub=Sage&rft.date=2012&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A126449508%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.4135%2F9781452218458.n112&rft.isbn=978-1-4129-8176-7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Simpson-1977-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Simpson-1977_40-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Simpson-1977_40-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSimpson1977" class="citation journal cs1">Simpson, George Gaylord (1977). "Too Many Lines; The Limits of the Oriental and Australian Zoogeographic Regions". <i>Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society</i>. <b>121</b> (2). American Philosophical Society: <span class="nowrap">107–</span>120. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0003-049X">0003-049X</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/986523">986523</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+American+Philosophical+Society&rft.atitle=Too+Many+Lines%3B+The+Limits+of+the+Oriental+and+Australian+Zoogeographic+Regions&rft.volume=121&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E107-%3C%2Fspan%3E120&rft.date=1977&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F986523%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.issn=0003-049X&rft.aulast=Simpson&rft.aufirst=George+Gaylord&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKealyLouyso'Connor2015" class="citation journal cs1">Kealy, Shimona; Louys, Julien; o'Connor, Sue (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/287798057">"Islands under the sea: a review of early modern human dispersal routes and migration hypotheses through Wallacea"</a>. <i>The Journal of Island and Coastal Archaeology</i>. <b>11</b> (3): <span class="nowrap">364–</span>384. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F15564894.2015.1119218">10.1080/15564894.2015.1119218</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1556-4894">1556-4894</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:129964987">129964987</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+Island+and+Coastal+Archaeology&rft.atitle=Islands+under+the+sea%3A+a+review+of+early+modern+human+dispersal+routes+and+migration+hypotheses+through+Wallacea&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E364-%3C%2Fspan%3E384&rft.date=2015&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A129964987%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=1556-4894&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F15564894.2015.1119218&rft.aulast=Kealy&rft.aufirst=Shimona&rft.au=Louys%2C+Julien&rft.au=o%27Connor%2C+Sue&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.researchgate.net%2Fpublication%2F287798057&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFNew2002" class="citation journal cs1">New, T. R. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 April</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Native+Peoples+of+the+World%3A+An+Encyclopedia+of+Groups%2C+Cultures+and+Contemporary+Issues&rft.pages=185&rft.pub=Taylor+%26+Francis&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-1317464006&rft.aulast=Danver&rft.aufirst=Steven+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dvf4TBwAAQBAJ%26dq%3D%2522aleutians%2522%2B%2522part%2Bof%2Boceania%2522%26pg%3DPA185&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWallace1879" class="citation book cs1">Wallace, Alfred Russel (1879). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=e2kcAAAAMAAJ&dq=%22oceania+is+the+word+often%22&pg=PA2"><i>Australasia</i></a>. University of Michigan. p. 2. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220730064236/https://www.google.com.au/books/edition/Australasia/e2kcAAAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=%22oceania+is+the+word+often%22&pg=PA2&printsec=frontcover">Archived</a> from the original on 30 July 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 March</span> 2022</span>. <q>The more northerly section, lying between Japan and California and between the Aleutian and Hawaiian Archipelagos is relived by nothing but a few solitary reefs and rocks at enormously distant intervals.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Australasia&rft.pages=2&rft.pub=University+of+Michigan&rft.date=1879&rft.aulast=Wallace&rft.aufirst=Alfred+Russel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3De2kcAAAAMAAJ%26dq%3D%2522oceania%2Bis%2Bthe%2Bword%2Boften%2522%26pg%3DPA2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKohlhoff2002" class="citation book cs1">Kohlhoff, Dean (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=kSWn8lbI4q4C&dq=%22aleutian+islands%22+%22oceania%22&pg=PA6"><i>Amchitka and the Bomb: Nuclear Testing in Alaska</i></a>. University of Washington Press. p. 6. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0295800509" title="Special:BookSources/978-0295800509"><bdi>978-0295800509</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230517051213/https://books.google.com/books?id=kSWn8lbI4q4C&dq=%22aleutian+islands%22+%22oceania%22&pg=PA6">Archived</a> from the original on 17 May 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 March</span> 2022</span>. <q>The regional name of the Pacific Islands is appropriate: Oceania, a sea of islands, including those of Alaska and Hawaii. The Pacific Basin is not insignificant or remote. It covers one third of the globe's surface. Its northern boundary is the Aleutian Islands chain.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Amchitka+and+the+Bomb%3A+Nuclear+Testing+in+Alaska&rft.pages=6&rft.pub=University+of+Washington+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-0295800509&rft.aulast=Kohlhoff&rft.aufirst=Dean&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DkSWn8lbI4q4C%26dq%3D%2522aleutian%2Bislands%2522%2B%2522oceania%2522%26pg%3DPA6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFFlick1926" class="citation book cs1">Flick, Alexander Clarence (1926). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=PhGHAAAAMAAJ&q=Modern%20World%20History,%201776-1926A%20Survey%20of%20the%20Origins%20and%20Development%20of%20Contemporary%20Civilization"><i>Modern World History, 1776-1926: A Survey of the Origins and Development of Contemporary Civilization</i></a>. A. A. Knopf. p. 492. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220730064936/https://www.google.com.au/books/edition/Modern_World_History_1776_1926/PhGHAAAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=0&bsq=Modern+World+History%2C+1776-1926A+Survey+of+the+Origins+and+Development+of+Contemporary+Civilization">Archived</a> from the original on 30 July 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Macmillan. p. 11. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-230-32885-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-230-32885-3"><bdi>978-0-230-32885-3</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200422184802/https://books.google.com/books?id=bXWiACEwPR8C&pg=PA1941-IA82">Archived</a> from the original on 22 April 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=An+Advanced+History+of+Modern+India&rft.pages=11&rft.pub=Macmillan&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0-230-32885-3&rft.aulast=Sen&rft.aufirst=Sailendra+Nath&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DbXWiACEwPR8C%26pg%3DPA1941-IA82&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://time.com/6297539/how-india-economy-will-surpass-us/">"How India's Economy Will Overtake the U.S.'s"</a>. <i>Time</i>. 28 July 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230831071229/https://time.com/6297539/how-india-economy-will-surpass-us/">Archived</a> from the original on 31 August 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 August</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=South+China+Morning+Post&rft.atitle=For+China%2C+the+history+that+matters+is+its+%27century+of+humiliation%27&rft.date=2021-09-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scmp.com%2Fcomment%2Fopinion%2Farticle%2F3150233%2Fchina-history-matters-still-century-humiliation&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/ht/10/sse.html">"Southeast Asia, 1800–1900 A.D."</a> <i>The Met's Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History</i>. 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Amsterdam University Press. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2Fj.ctvzgb64z">10.2307/j.ctvzgb64z</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-898823-94-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-898823-94-0"><bdi>978-1-898823-94-0</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctvzgb64z">j.ctvzgb64z</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:216630259">216630259</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Rise+and+Evolution+of+Meiji+Japan&rft.pub=Amsterdam+University+Press&rft.date=2019&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2Fj.ctvzgb64z&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A216630259%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2Fj.ctvzgb64z%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.isbn=978-1-898823-94-0&rft.aulast=Huffman&rft.aufirst=James+L.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://history.state.gov/milestones/1830-1860/opening-to-japan">"The United States and the Opening to Japan, 1853"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+United+States+and+the+Opening+to+Japan%2C+1853&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhistory.state.gov%2Fmilestones%2F1830-1860%2Fopening-to-japan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFYakoubi2022" class="citation journal cs1">Yakoubi, Myriam (4 January 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.4000%2Frfcb.8787">"The French, the British and their Middle Eastern Mandates (1918-1939): Two Political Strategies"</a>. <i>Revue Française de Civilisation Britannique. French Journal of British Studies</i>. <b>XXVII</b> (1). <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.4000%2Frfcb.8787">10.4000/rfcb.8787</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0248-9015">0248-9015</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:246524226">246524226</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Revue+Fran%C3%A7aise+de+Civilisation+Britannique.+French+Journal+of+British+Studies&rft.atitle=The+French%2C+the+British+and+their+Middle+Eastern+Mandates+%281918-1939%29%3A+Two+Political+Strategies&rft.volume=XXVII&rft.issue=1&rft.date=2022-01-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A246524226%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=0248-9015&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.4000%2Frfcb.8787&rft.aulast=Yakoubi&rft.aufirst=Myriam&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.4000%252Frfcb.8787&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKennedy2016" class="citation book cs1">Kennedy, Dane (2016). 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Jewishvirtuallibrary.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100621102211/http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/Judaism/jewpop.html">Archived</a> from the original on 21 June 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 June</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Jewish+Population+of+the+World&rft.pub=Jewishvirtuallibrary.org&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jewishvirtuallibrary.org%2Fjsource%2FJudaism%2Fjewpop.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-135"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-135">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFEttinger2013" class="citation news cs1">Ettinger, Yoram (5 April 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.israelhayom.com/site/newsletter_opinion.php?id=3913">"Defying demographic projections"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Israel_Hayom" title="Israel Hayom">Israel Hayom</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131029191655/http://www.israelhayom.com/site/newsletter_opinion.php?id=3913">Archived</a> from the original on 29 October 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 October</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Israel+Hayom&rft.atitle=Defying+demographic+projections&rft.date=2013-04-05&rft.aulast=Ettinger&rft.aufirst=Yoram&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.israelhayom.com%2Fsite%2Fnewsletter_opinion.php%3Fid%3D3913&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-136"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-136">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/vjw/Turkey.html">"Turkey Virtual Jewish History Tour | Jewish Virtual Library"</a>. jewishvirtuallibrary.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141011161052/http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/vjw/Turkey.html">Archived</a> from the original on 11 October 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 December</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Turkey+Virtual+Jewish+History+Tour+%26%23124%3B+Jewish+Virtual+Library&rft.pub=jewishvirtuallibrary.org&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jewishvirtuallibrary.org%2Fjsource%2Fvjw%2FTurkey.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-137"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-137">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pop-stat.mashke.org/azerbaijan-ethnic2009.htm">"Ethnic composition of Azerbaijan 2009"</a>. Pop-stat.mashke.org. 7 April 1971. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120207161726/http://pop-stat.mashke.org/azerbaijan-ethnic2009.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 7 February 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 December</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ethnic+composition+of+Azerbaijan+2009&rft.pub=Pop-stat.mashke.org&rft.date=1971-04-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpop-stat.mashke.org%2Fazerbaijan-ethnic2009.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-138"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-138">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.timesofisrael.com/jewish-woman-brutally-murdered-in-iran-over-property-dispute/">"Jewish woman brutally murdered in Iran over property dispute"</a>. <i>The Times of Israel</i>. 28 November 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140819102713/http://www.timesofisrael.com/jewish-woman-brutally-murdered-in-iran-over-property-dispute/#ixzz3Ac6duaqw">Archived</a> from the original on 19 August 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 August</span> 2014</span>. <q>A government census published earlier this year indicated there were a mere 8,756 Jews left in Iran</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+Israel&rft.atitle=Jewish+woman+brutally+murdered+in+Iran+over+property+dispute&rft.date=2012-11-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.timesofisrael.com%2Fjewish-woman-brutally-murdered-in-iran-over-property-dispute%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsia" class="Z3988"></span> See <a href="/wiki/Persian_Jews#Iran" class="mw-redirect" title="Persian Jews">Persian Jews#Iran</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-139"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-139">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090326020910/http://www.ajcarchives.org/AJC_DATA/Files/AJYB727.CV.pdf">"World Jewish Population 2007"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ajcarchives.org/AJC_DATA/Files/AJYB727.CV.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 26 March 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 July</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=World+Jewish+Population+2007&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ajcarchives.org%2FAJC_DATA%2FFiles%2FAJYB727.CV.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsia" class="Z3988"></span>, <i>American Jewish Yearbook</i>, vol. 107 (2007), p. 592.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-140"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-140">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jewishdatabank.org/Studies/details.cfm?StudyID=831">"World Jewish Population 2016"</a>. <i>Berman Jewish DataBank</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170930084907/http://www.jewishdatabank.org/Studies/details.cfm?StudyID=831">Archived</a> from the original on 30 September 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 March</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Berman+Jewish+DataBank&rft.atitle=World+Jewish+Population+2016&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jewishdatabank.org%2FStudies%2Fdetails.cfm%3FStudyID%3D831&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-141"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-141">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pewforum.org/2012/12/18/global-religious-landscape-christians/">"Christians"</a>. <i>Pew Research Center's Religion & Public Life Project</i>. 18 December 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150310002132/http://www.pewforum.org/2012/12/18/global-religious-landscape-christians/">Archived</a> from the original on 10 March 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 March</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Pew+Research+Center%27s+Religion+%26+Public+Life+Project&rft.atitle=Christians&rft.date=2012-12-18&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pewforum.org%2F2012%2F12%2F18%2Fglobal-religious-landscape-christians%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-142"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-142">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=LccRAwAAQBAJ&q=reconciled%20table%20%22worldwide%20by%20religion%22&pg=PA324"><i>Britannica Book of the Year 2014</i></a>. Encyclopedia Britannica. 2014. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-62513-171-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-62513-171-3"><bdi>978-1-62513-171-3</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160429073722/https://books.google.com/books?id=LccRAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA324&q=reconciled%20table%20%22worldwide%20by%20religion%22&f=falsePew">Archived</a> from the original on 29 April 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 March</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Britannica+Book+of+the+Year+2014&rft.pub=Encyclopedia+Britannica&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-1-62513-171-3&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DLccRAwAAQBAJ%26q%3Dreconciled%2520table%2520%2522worldwide%2520by%2520religion%2522%26pg%3DPA324&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Pew_Research_Center-143"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Pew_Research_Center_143-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pew_Research_Center_143-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pew_Research_Center_143-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pew_Research_Center_143-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://assets.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/11/2011/12/Christianity-fullreport-web.pdf">"Global Christianity – A Report on the Size and Distribution of the World's Christian Population"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Pew Research Center. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210809110719/https://assets.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/11/2011/12/Christianity-fullreport-web.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 9 August 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 February</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Global+Christianity+%E2%80%93+A+Report+on+the+Size+and+Distribution+of+the+World%27s+Christian+Population&rft.pub=Pew+Research+Center&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fassets.pewresearch.org%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2Fsites%2F11%2F2011%2F12%2FChristianity-fullreport-web.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-144"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-144">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHindsonMitchell2013" class="citation book cs1">Hindson, Edward E.; Mitchell, Daniel R. (1 August 2013). <i>The Popular Encyclopedia of Church History</i>. Harvest House. p. 225. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7369-4807-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7369-4807-4"><bdi>978-0-7369-4807-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Popular+Encyclopedia+of+Church+History&rft.pages=225&rft.pub=Harvest+House&rft.date=2013-08-01&rft.isbn=978-0-7369-4807-4&rft.aulast=Hindson&rft.aufirst=Edward+E.&rft.au=Mitchell%2C+Daniel+R.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-145"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-145">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>The Encyclopedia of Christianity</i>, Volume 5 by Erwin Fahlbusch. Wm. B. Eerdmans. 2008, p. 285. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8028-2417-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8028-2417-2">978-0-8028-2417-2</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-146"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-146">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pewforum.org/2011/01/27/future-of-the-global-muslim-population-regional-asia/">"Region: Asia–Pacific"</a>. <i>Pewforum.org</i>. 27 January 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171010061404/http://www.pewforum.org/2011/01/27/future-of-the-global-muslim-population-regional-asia/">Archived</a> from the original on 10 October 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 November</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Pewforum.org&rft.atitle=Region%3A+Asia%E2%80%93Pacific&rft.date=2011-01-27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pewforum.org%2F2011%2F01%2F27%2Ffuture-of-the-global-muslim-population-regional-asia%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-147"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-147">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFColbert2008" class="citation book cs1">Colbert, C. Held (2008). <i>Middle East Patterns: Places, People, and Politics</i>. Routledge. p. 109. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-429-96200-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-429-96200-4"><bdi>978-0-429-96200-4</bdi></a>. <q>Worldwide, they number 1 million or so, with about 45 to 50 percent in Syria, 35 to 40 percent in Lebanon, and less than 10 percent in Israel. Recently there has been a growing Druze diaspora.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Middle+East+Patterns%3A+Places%2C+People%2C+and+Politics&rft.pages=109&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0-429-96200-4&rft.aulast=Colbert&rft.aufirst=C.+Held&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-148"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-148">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFJha2007" class="citation news cs1">Jha, Preeti (26 December 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071228055300/http://www.expressindia.com/latest-news/Guinness-comes-to-east-Delhi-Akshardham-worlds-largest-Hindu-temple/254631/">"Guinness comes to east Delhi: Akshardham world's largest Hindu temple"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Indian_Express" title="The Indian Express">The Indian Express</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.expressindia.com/latest-news/Guinness-comes-to-east-Delhi-Akshardham-worlds-largest-Hindu-temple/254631/">the original</a> on 28 December 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 January</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Indian+Express&rft.atitle=Guinness+comes+to+east+Delhi%3A+Akshardham+world%27s+largest+Hindu+temple&rft.date=2007-12-26&rft.aulast=Jha&rft.aufirst=Preeti&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.expressindia.com%2Flatest-news%2FGuinness-comes-to-east-Delhi-Akshardham-worlds-largest-Hindu-temple%2F254631%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-149"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-149">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/cambodia">"Cambodia"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_World_Factbook" title="The World Factbook">The World Factbook</a></i> (2025 ed.). <a href="/wiki/Central_Intelligence_Agency" title="Central Intelligence Agency">Central Intelligence Agency</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+World+Factbook&rft.atitle=Cambodia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Fcountries%2Fcambodia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsia" class="Z3988"></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/about/archives/download/factbook-2010.zip">(Archived 2010 edition.)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-150"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-150">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/thailand">"Thailand"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_World_Factbook" title="The World Factbook">The World Factbook</a></i> (2025 ed.). <a href="/wiki/Central_Intelligence_Agency" title="Central Intelligence Agency">Central Intelligence Agency</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+World+Factbook&rft.atitle=Thailand&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Fcountries%2Fthailand&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsia" class="Z3988"></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/about/archives/download/factbook-2010.zip">(Archived 2010 edition.)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-151"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-151">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/burma">"burma"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_World_Factbook" title="The World Factbook">The World Factbook</a></i> (2025 ed.). <a href="/wiki/Central_Intelligence_Agency" title="Central Intelligence Agency">Central Intelligence Agency</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+World+Factbook&rft.atitle=Japan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Fcountries%2Fjapan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsia" class="Z3988"></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/about/archives/download/factbook-2010.zip">(Archived 2010 edition.)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-153"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-153">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/bhutan">"Bhutan"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_World_Factbook" title="The World Factbook">The World Factbook</a></i> (2025 ed.). <a href="/wiki/Central_Intelligence_Agency" title="Central Intelligence Agency">Central Intelligence Agency</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 November</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+World+Factbook&rft.atitle=North+Korea&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Fcountries%2Fnorth-korea&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsia" class="Z3988"></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/about/archives/download/factbook-2017.zip">(Archived 2017 edition.)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-168"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-168">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBureau_of_East_Asian_and_Pacific_Affairs2009" class="citation web cs1">Bureau of East Asian and Pacific Affairs (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://2009-2017.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/2792.htm">"Background Note: North Korea"</a>. U.S. State Department. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200818233244/https://2009-2017.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/2792.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 18 August 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 July</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Background+Note%3A+North+Korea&rft.pub=U.S.+State+Department&rft.date=2009&rft.au=Bureau+of+East+Asian+and+Pacific+Affairs&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2F2009-2017.state.gov%2Fr%2Fpa%2Fei%2Fbgn%2F2792.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-169"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-169">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://unstats.un.org/unsd/methodology/m49/">"Geographic Regions"</a>. United Nations. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170830170949/https://unstats.un.org/unsd/methodology/m49/">Archived</a> from the original on 30 August 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 March</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Geographic+Regions&rft.pub=United+Nations&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Funstats.un.org%2Funsd%2Fmethodology%2Fm49%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-170"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-170">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCollon" class="citation web cs1">Collon, Dominique. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/history/ancient/cultures/mesopotamia_gallery.shtml">"BBC – History – Ancient History in depth: Mesopotamia"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230102042221/https://www.bbc.co.uk/history/ancient/cultures/mesopotamia_gallery.shtml">Archived</a> from the original on 2 January 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 March</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=BBC+%E2%80%93+History+%E2%80%93+Ancient+History+in+depth%3A+Mesopotamia&rft.aulast=Collon&rft.aufirst=Dominique&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fhistory%2Fancient%2Fcultures%2Fmesopotamia_gallery.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-171"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-171">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMorris2011" class="citation book cs1">Morris, Ian (2011). <i>Why the West rules – for now: the patterns of history, and what they reveal about the future</i>. Profile. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1846682087" title="Special:BookSources/978-1846682087"><bdi>978-1846682087</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/751789199">751789199</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Why+the+West+rules+%E2%80%93+for+now%3A+the+patterns+of+history%2C+and+what+they+reveal+about+the+future&rft.pub=Profile&rft.date=2011&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F751789199&rft.isbn=978-1846682087&rft.aulast=Morris&rft.aufirst=Ian&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-172"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-172">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLockard2014" class="citation book cs1">Lockard, Craig A. (19 June 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=lTEeCgAAQBAJ&q=Indianized+kingdoms&pg=PA299"><i>Societies, Networks, and Transitions, Volume I: To 1500: A Global History</i></a>. Cengage. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1285783086" title="Special:BookSources/978-1285783086"><bdi>978-1285783086</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230326205006/https://books.google.com/books?id=lTEeCgAAQBAJ&q=Indianized+kingdoms&pg=PA299">Archived</a> from the original on 26 March 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 March</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Societies%2C+Networks%2C+and+Transitions%2C+Volume+I%3A+To+1500%3A+A+Global+History&rft.pub=Cengage&rft.date=2014-06-19&rft.isbn=978-1285783086&rft.aulast=Lockard&rft.aufirst=Craig+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DlTEeCgAAQBAJ%26q%3DIndianized%2Bkingdoms%26pg%3DPA299&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-173"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-173">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/8/8/muhammad-yunus-returns-to-bangladesh-to-lead-interim-government">"Muhammad Yunus returns to Bangladesh to lead interim government"</a>. <i>Al Jazeera</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 September</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Al+Jazeera&rft.atitle=Muhammad+Yunus+returns+to+Bangladesh+to+lead+interim+government&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aljazeera.com%2Fnews%2F2024%2F8%2F8%2Fmuhammad-yunus-returns-to-bangladesh-to-lead-interim-government&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-174"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-174">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHis_Holiness's_Teachings_at_TCV" class="citation web cs1">His Holiness's Teachings at TCV. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dalailama.com/biography/a-brief-biography">"A Brief Biography – The Office of His Holiness The Dalai Lama"</a>. Dalailama.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100525181231/http://www.dalailama.com/biography/a-brief-biography">Archived</a> from the original on 25 May 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 June</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+Brief+Biography+%E2%80%93+The+Office+of+His+Holiness+The+Dalai+Lama&rft.pub=Dalailama.com&rft.au=His+Holiness%27s+Teachings+at+TCV&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dalailama.com%2Fbiography%2Fa-brief-biography&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLewisWigen1997" class="citation book cs1">Lewis, Martin W.; Wigen, Kären (1997). <i>The myth of continents: a critique of metageography</i>. Berkeley: University of California Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-520-20743-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-520-20743-1"><bdi>978-0-520-20743-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+myth+of+continents%3A+a+critique+of+metageography&rft.place=Berkeley&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=978-0-520-20743-1&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.aufirst=Martin+W.&rft.au=Wigen%2C+K%C3%A4ren&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsia" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFVentrisChadwick1973" class="citation book cs1">Ventris, Michael; Chadwick, John (1973). <i>Documents in Mycenaean Greek</i> (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Documents+in+Mycenaean+Greek&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1973&rft.aulast=Ventris&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.au=Chadwick%2C+John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsia" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2></div> <ul><li>Embree, Ainslie T., ed. <i>Encyclopedia of Asian history</i> (1988) <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaofas0003unse/page/n5/mode/2up">vol. 1 online</a>; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaofas0002unse/page/n5/mode/2up">vol 2 online</a>; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaofas0003unse_l9c1/page/n5/mode/2up">vol 3 online</a>; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaofas0000embr">vol 4 online</a></li></ul></li> <li>Higham, Charles. <i>Encyclopedia of Ancient Asian Civilizations</i>. Facts on File library of world history. New York: Facts On File, 2004.</li> <li>Kamal, Niraj. "Arise Asia: Respond to White Peril". New Delhi: Wordsmith, 2002, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-87412-08-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-87412-08-3">978-81-87412-08-3</a></li> <li>Kapadia, Feroz, and Mandira Mukherjee. <i>Encyclopaedia of Asian Culture and Society.</i> New Delhi: Anmol Publications, 1999.</li> <li>Levinson, David, and Karen Christensen, eds. <i>Encyclopedia of Modern Asia</i>. (6 vol. Charles Scribner's Sons, 2002).</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWang2011" class="citation book cs1">Wang, Hui (31 March 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=L_d9QajZdFwC"><i>The Politics of Imagining Asia</i></a>. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-674-05519-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-674-05519-3"><bdi>978-0-674-05519-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Politics+of+Imagining+Asia&rft.place=Cambridge%2C+Mass&rft.pub=Harvard+University+Press&rft.date=2011-03-31&rft.isbn=978-0-674-05519-3&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Hui&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DL_d9QajZdFwC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsia" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ucblibraries.summon.serialssolutions.com/#!/search?ho=t&l=en&q=Asia">Asia</a> web resources provided by GovPubs at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Colorado_Boulder_Libraries" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Colorado Boulder Libraries">University of Colorado Boulder Libraries</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/38479">Asia</a> at the <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/asia-human/">Asia: Human Geography</a> at the <a href="/wiki/National_Geographic_Society" title="National Geographic Society">National Geographic Society</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loc.gov/research-centers/asian/about-this-research-center/">Asian Reading Room</a> from the United States <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Asia"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Asia">"Asia" </a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. Vol. 2 (11th ed.). 1911. pp. <span class="nowrap">320–</span>358.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Asia&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E320-%3C%2Fspan%3E358&rft.edition=11th&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsia" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110812114558/http://eusoils.jrc.ec.europa.eu/esdb_archive/EuDASM/asia/indexes/idx_country.htm">"Display Maps"</a>. <i>The Soil Maps of Asia</i>. European Digital Archive of Soil Maps – EuDASM. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://eusoils.jrc.ec.europa.eu/esdb_archive/EuDASM/asia/indexes/idx_country.htm">the original</a> on 12 August 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 July</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Soil+Maps+of+Asia&rft.atitle=Display+Maps&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Feusoils.jrc.ec.europa.eu%2Fesdb_archive%2FEuDASM%2Fasia%2Findexes%2Fidx_country.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsia" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/asia.html">"Asia Maps"</a>. <i>Perry–Castañeda Library Map Collection</i>. University of Texas Libraries. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110718061834/http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/asia.html">Archived</a> from the original on 18 July 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 July</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Perry%E2%80%93Casta%C3%B1eda+Library+Map+Collection&rft.atitle=Asia+Maps&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lib.utexas.edu%2Fmaps%2Fasia.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsia" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110929144209/http://maps.bpl.org/search_advanced/?mtid=786">"Asia"</a>. Norman B. Leventhal Map Center at the Boston Public Library. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://maps.bpl.org/search_advanced/?mtid=786">the original</a> on 29 September 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 July</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Asia&rft.pub=Norman+B.+Leventhal+Map+Center+at+the+Boston+Public+Library&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmaps.bpl.org%2Fsearch_advanced%2F%3Fmtid%3D786&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsia" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation journal cs1">Bowring, Philip (12 February 1987). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110728121004/http://afe.easia.columbia.edu/geography/geo_whatis.html">"What is Asia?"</a>. <i>Eastern Economic Review</i>. <b>135</b> (7). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://afe.easia.columbia.edu/geography/geo_whatis.html">the original</a> on 28 July 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 April</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eastern+Economic+Review&rft.atitle=What+is+Asia%3F&rft.volume=135&rft.issue=7&rft.date=1987-02-12&rft.aulast=Bowring&rft.aufirst=Philip&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fafe.easia.columbia.edu%2Fgeography%2Fgeo_whatis.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsia" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl 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.navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Asia_topics" title="Template:Asia topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Asia_topics" title="Template talk:Asia topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Asia_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Asia topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Asia_articles574" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Asia</a> <a href="/wiki/Index_of_Asia-related_articles" title="Index of Asia-related articles">articles</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Asia" title="History of Asia">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Chronology</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Ocean_trade" title="Indian Ocean trade">Indian Ocean trade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silk_Road" title="Silk Road">Silk Road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_imperialism_in_Asia" title="Western imperialism in Asia">Imperialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Decolonisation_of_Asia" title="Decolonisation of Asia">Decolonisation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cold_War_in_Asia" title="Cold War in Asia">Cold War</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">By topic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_conflicts_in_Asia" title="List of conflicts in Asia">Military conflicts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states_by_date_of_formation#Asia" title="List of sovereign states by date of formation">Sovereignty</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Asia" title="Geography of Asia">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_cities_in_Asia" title="Lists of cities in Asia">Cities</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_metropolitan_areas_in_Asia" title="List of metropolitan areas in Asia">metropolitan areas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tallest_buildings_in_Asia" title="List of tallest buildings in Asia">tallest buildings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_urban_agglomerations_in_Asia" title="List of urban agglomerations in Asia">urban agglomerations</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states_and_dependent_territories_in_Asia" title="List of sovereign states and dependent territories in Asia">Countries and territories</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Asian_countries_by_population" title="List of Asian countries by population">by population</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extreme_points_of_Asia" title="Extreme points of Asia">Extreme points</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Asia" class="mw-redirect" title="List of islands of Asia">Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lakes#Asia" title="List of lakes">Lakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mountain_ranges#Asia" title="List of mountain ranges">Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_Asia" title="List of rivers of Asia">Rivers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Geopolitics" title="Geopolitics">Geopolitical</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_transcontinental_countries" title="List of transcontinental countries">Transcontinental regions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asia%E2%80%93Pacific" title="Asia–Pacific">Asia–Pacific</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caucasus" title="Caucasus">Caucasus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Europe,_the_Middle_East,_and_Africa" class="mw-redirect" title="Europe, the Middle East, and Africa">EMEA</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_world" class="mw-redirect" title="Mediterranean world">Mediterranean world</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MENASA" class="mw-redirect" title="MENASA">MENASA</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Middle_East" title="Greater Middle East">Greater Middle East</a>/<a href="/wiki/Middle_East_and_North_Africa" title="Middle East and North Africa">Middle East and North Africa</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Middle_East" title="Middle East">Middle East</a>/<a href="/wiki/Near_East" title="Near East">Near East</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indo-Mediterranean" title="Indo-Mediterranean">Indo-Mediterranean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indo-Pacific" title="Indo-Pacific">Indo-Pacific</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Ocean_world" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian Ocean world">Indian Ocean world</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Rim" title="Pacific Rim">Pacific Rim</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Asia" title="Pacific Asia">Pacific Asia</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Continent" title="Continent">Intracontinental regions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anatolia" title="Anatolia">Anatolia/Asia Minor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arabian_Peninsula" title="Arabian Peninsula">Arabia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/South_Arabia" title="South Arabia">South Arabia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Far_East" title="Far East">Far East</a>/<a href="/wiki/Pacific_Asia" title="Pacific Asia">Pacific Asia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greater_China" title="Greater China">Greater China</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/China_proper" title="China proper">China proper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tibet" title="Tibet">Tibet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xinjiang" title="Xinjiang">Xinjiang</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mainland_Southeast_Asia" title="Mainland Southeast Asia">Indochina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malay_world" title="Malay world">Malay world</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manchuria" title="Manchuria">Manchuria</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Northeast_China" title="Northeast China">Northeast China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outer_Manchuria" title="Outer Manchuria">Outer Manchuria</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongol_heartland" title="Mongol heartland">Greater Mongolia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Inner_Mongolia" title="Inner Mongolia">Inner Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongolia" title="Mongolia">Mongolia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korea" title="Korea">Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Far_East" title="Russian Far East">Russian Far East</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inner_Asia" title="Inner Asia">Inner Asia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Central_Asia" title="Greater Central Asia">Greater Central Asia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Iran" title="Greater Iran">Greater Iran</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Khorasan" title="Greater Khorasan">Greater Khorasan</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_Southeast" title="Global Southeast">Global Southeast</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greater_India" title="Greater India">Greater India</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levant" title="Levant">Levant</a>/<a href="/wiki/Syria_(region)" title="Syria (region)">Syria</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Levant" title="Southern Levant">Southern Levant</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mesopotamia" title="Mesopotamia">Mesopotamia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siberia" title="Siberia">Siberia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Caucasus" title="South Caucasus">South Caucasus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkestan" title="Turkestan">Turkestan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afghan_Turkestan" title="Afghan Turkestan">Afghan Turkestan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Turkestan" title="Chinese Turkestan">Chinese Turkestan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Turkestan" title="Russian Turkestan">Russian Turkestan</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Subregion#Asia" title="Subregion">Continental subregions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_Asia" title="Central Asia">Central Asia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_Central_Asia" title="Soviet Central Asia">Soviet Central Asia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Asia" title="East Asia">East Asia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Northeast_Asia" title="Northeast Asia">Northeast Asia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Asia" title="North Asia">North Asia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Asia" title="South Asia">South Asia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Regions_of_South_Asia" class="mw-redirect" title="Regions of South Asia">Subregions</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southeast_Asia" title="Southeast Asia">Southeast Asia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mainland_Southeast_Asia" title="Mainland Southeast Asia">Mainland Southeast Asia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maritime_Southeast_Asia" title="Maritime Southeast Asia">Maritime Southeast Asia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Asia" title="West Asia">West Asia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Cultural_geography" title="Cultural geography">Cultural</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Austronesian_peoples" title="Austronesian peoples">Austronesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_India" title="Greater India">Indosphere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Asian_cultural_sphere" class="mw-redirect" title="East Asian cultural sphere">Sinosphere</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nanyang_(region)" title="Nanyang (region)">Nanyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_and_southern_China" title="Northern and southern China">Northern and southern China</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Physical_geography" title="Physical geography">Physical</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Supercontinent" title="Supercontinent">Supercontinents</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Eurasia" title="Afro-Eurasia">Afro-Eurasia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Asia" title="Afro-Asia">Afro-Asia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurasia" title="Eurasia">Eurasia</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Continent#Subcontinents" title="Continent">Subcontinents</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arabian_Peninsula" title="Arabian Peninsula">Arabian subcontinent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_subcontinent" title="Indian subcontinent">Indian subcontinent</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Plateau" title="Plateau">Plateaus</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anatolian_plateau" title="Anatolian plateau">Anatolian plateau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deccan_Plateau" title="Deccan Plateau">Deccan Plateau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_plateau" title="Iranian plateau">Iranian plateau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongolian_Plateau" title="Mongolian Plateau">Mongolian Plateau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tibetan_Plateau" title="Tibetan Plateau">Tibetan Plateau</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Peninsula" title="Peninsula">Peninsulas</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anatolia" title="Anatolia">Anatolian Peninsula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arabian_Peninsula" title="Arabian Peninsula">Arabian Peninsula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chukchi_Peninsula" title="Chukchi Peninsula">Chukchi Peninsula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_subcontinent" title="Indian subcontinent">Indian Peninsula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mainland_Southeast_Asia" title="Mainland Southeast Asia">Indochinese Peninsula</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Malay_Peninsula" title="Malay Peninsula">Malay Peninsula</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korea" title="Korea">Korean Peninsula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leizhou_Peninsula" title="Leizhou Peninsula">Leizhou Peninsula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liaodong_Peninsula" title="Liaodong Peninsula">Liaodong Peninsula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shandong_Peninsula" title="Shandong Peninsula">Shandong Peninsula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinai_Peninsula" title="Sinai Peninsula">Sinai Peninsula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsugaru_Peninsula" title="Tsugaru Peninsula">Tsugaru Peninsula</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Archipelago" title="Archipelago">Archipelagos</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_Archipelago" class="mw-redirect" title="Japanese Archipelago">Japanese Archipelago</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ryukyu_Islands" title="Ryukyu Islands">Ryukyu Islands</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malay_Archipelago" title="Malay Archipelago">Malay Archipelago</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Indonesia" title="List of islands of Indonesia">Indonesian Archipelago</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maluku_Islands" title="Maluku Islands">Maluku Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunda_Islands" title="Sunda Islands">Sunda Islands</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Sunda_Islands" title="Greater Sunda Islands">Greater Sunda Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lesser_Sunda_Islands" title="Lesser Sunda Islands">Lesser Sunda Islands</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_the_Philippines" title="List of islands of the Philippines">Philippine Archipelago</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Visayas" title="Visayas">Visayan Islands</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mergui_Archipelago" title="Mergui Archipelago">Mergui Archipelago</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Biogeography" title="Biogeography">Biogeographic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Asia_(WGSRPD)" title="Eastern Asia (WGSRPD)">Eastern Asia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indo-Pacific" title="Indo-Pacific">Indo-Pacific</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malesia" title="Malesia">Malesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tropical_Asia" title="Tropical Asia">Tropical Asia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Asia" title="Politics of Asia">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Heads_of_government_in_Asia" title="Category:Heads of government in Asia">Heads of government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Heads_of_state_in_Asia" title="Category:Heads of state in Asia">Heads of state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Elections_in_Asia" title="Category:Elections in Asia">Elections</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Political_parties_in_Asia" title="Category:Political parties in Asia">political parties</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democracy_in_Asia" title="Democracy in Asia">Democracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Asia" title="Human rights in Asia">Human rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legal_systems_in_Asia" title="Legal systems in Asia">Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Military_in_Asia" title="Category:Military in Asia">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan-Asianism" title="Pan-Asianism">Pan-Asianism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Intergovernmental</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asia_Cooperation_Dialogue" title="Asia Cooperation Dialogue">Asia Cooperation Dialogue (ACD)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations" class="mw-redirect" title="Association of Southeast Asian Nations">Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bay_of_Bengal_Initiative_for_Multi-Sectoral_Technical_and_Economic_Cooperation" class="mw-redirect" title="Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation">Bay of Bengal Initiative (BIMSTEC)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_Cooperation_Organization" title="Economic Cooperation Organization">Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurasian_Economic_Union" title="Eurasian Economic Union">Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Independent_States" title="Commonwealth of Independent States">Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collective_Security_Treaty_Organization" title="Collective Security Treaty Organization">Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cooperation_Council_for_the_Arab_States_of_the_Gulf" class="mw-redirect" title="Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf">Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf (CCASG / GCC)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mekong%E2%80%93Ganga_Cooperation" title="Mekong–Ganga Cooperation">Mekong–Ganga Cooperation (MGC)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regional_Comprehensive_Economic_Partnership" title="Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership">Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Asian_Association_for_Regional_Cooperation" title="South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation">South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shanghai_Cooperation_Organisation" title="Shanghai Cooperation Organisation">Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Asia" title="Economy of Asia">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Asian_countries_by_average_wage" title="List of Asian countries by average wage">Countries by average wage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Asian_and_Pacific_countries_by_GDP_(PPP)" title="List of Asian and Pacific countries by GDP (PPP)">Countries by GDP (PPP)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states_in_Asia_and_Oceania_by_Human_Development_Index" class="mw-redirect" title="List of sovereign states in Asia and Oceania by Human Development Index">Countries by HDI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_currencies_in_Asia" title="List of currencies in Asia">Currencies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_stock_exchanges#Asia" class="mw-redirect" title="List of stock exchanges">Stock exchanges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_and_technology_in_Asia" title="Science and technology in Asia">Technology</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_Asia" title="Renewable energy in Asia">renewable energy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Transport_in_Asia" title="Category:Transport in Asia">Transport</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_the_busiest_airports_in_Asia" title="List of the busiest airports in Asia">airports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High-speed_rail_in_Asia" class="mw-redirect" title="High-speed rail in Asia">high-speed rail</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Markets</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/South_East_Asian_and_Hong_Kong_property_markets" title="South East Asian and Hong Kong property markets">Property markets</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Society</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Asia" title="Demographics of Asia">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Asia" title="Education in Asia">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etiquette_in_Asia" title="Etiquette in Asia">Etiquette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Health_in_Asia" title="Category:Health in Asia">Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Asia" title="Languages of Asia">Languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Asian_countries_by_life_expectancy" title="List of Asian countries by life expectancy">Life expectancy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asian_people" title="Asian people">People</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_groups_in_Asia" title="Ethnic groups in Asia">ethnic groups</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Asia" title="Culture of Asia">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Asian_art" title="History of Asian art">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Asia" title="Cinema of Asia">Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asian_cuisine" title="Asian cuisine">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asian_literature" title="Asian literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Asia" title="Music of Asia">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_philosophy" title="Eastern philosophy">Philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Asia" title="Religion in Asia">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sports_in_Asia" title="Sports in Asia">Sport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Future</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asian_Century" title="Asian Century">Asian Century</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Century" title="Chinese Century">Chinese Century</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Century" title="Indian Century">Indian Century</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Century" title="Pacific Century">Pacific Century</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div><div style="margin-bottom:-0.4em;"><ul><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Asia" title="Outline of Asia">Outline</a></span></li><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Asia-related_articles" title="Index of Asia-related articles">Index</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Asia" title="Category:Asia">Category</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Asia" title="Portal:Asia">Portal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maps_of_present-day_countries_and_dependencies" title="Maps of present-day countries and dependencies">Maps</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Countries_and_dependencies_of_Asia997" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Countries_of_Asia" title="Template:Countries of Asia"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Countries_of_Asia" title="Template talk:Countries of Asia"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Countries_of_Asia" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Countries of Asia"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Countries_and_dependencies_of_Asia997" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states_and_dependent_territories_in_Asia" title="List of sovereign states and dependent territories in Asia">Countries and dependencies</a> of <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Asia</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sovereign_state" title="Sovereign state">Sovereign states</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia">Armenia</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan" title="Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhutan" title="Bhutan">Bhutan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brunei" title="Brunei">Brunei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cambodia" title="Cambodia">Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Timor" class="mw-redirect" title="East Timor">East Timor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgia_(country)" title="Georgia (country)">Georgia</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jordan" title="Jordan">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korea" title="North Korea">North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuwait" title="Kuwait">Kuwait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyrgyzstan" title="Kyrgyzstan">Kyrgyzstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laos" title="Laos">Laos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lebanon" title="Lebanon">Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maldives" title="Maldives">Maldives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongolia" title="Mongolia">Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nepal" title="Nepal">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oman" title="Oman">Oman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tajikistan" title="Tajikistan">Tajikistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkmenistan" title="Turkmenistan">Turkmenistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates" title="United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uzbekistan" title="Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemen" title="Yemen">Yemen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_states_with_limited_recognition" title="List of states with limited recognition">States with limited<br />recognition</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abkhazia" title="Abkhazia">Abkhazia</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Cyprus" title="Northern Cyprus">Northern Cyprus</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palestine" title="Palestine">Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Ossetia" title="South Ossetia">South Ossetia</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Dependent_territory" title="Dependent territory">Dependent<br />territories</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Australia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_Island" title="Christmas Island">Christmas Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands" title="Cocos (Keeling) Islands">Cocos (Keeling) Islands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Greece</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kastellorizo" title="Kastellorizo">Kastellorizo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">United Kingdom</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Akrotiri_and_Dhekelia" title="Akrotiri and Dhekelia">Akrotiri and Dhekelia</a><sup>2</sup> (Sovereign Base Areas)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Indian_Ocean_Territory" title="British Indian Ocean Territory">British Indian Ocean Territory</a> (<a href="/wiki/British_Overseas_Territories" title="British Overseas Territories">British Overseas Territory</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Special_administrative_regions_of_China" title="Special administrative regions of China">Special administrative<br />regions of China</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macau" title="Macau">Macau</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><sup>1</sup> Spans the conventional boundary between Asia and another continent.</li> <li><sup>2</sup> Considered European for cultural, political and historical reasons but is geographically in West Asia.</li></ul> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:Asia" title="Category:Asia">Category</a></b></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_portal_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/20px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/40px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Portal:Asia" title="Portal:Asia">Asia portal</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Continents_of_Earth513" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Continents_of_Earth" title="Template:Continents of Earth"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Continents_of_Earth" title="Template talk:Continents of Earth"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Continents_of_Earth" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Continents of Earth"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Continents_of_Earth513" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Continent" title="Continent">Continents</a> of <a href="/wiki/Earth" title="Earth">Earth</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;border-bottom:#aaa 1px solid;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="width:5em">   </td><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;text-align:center;width:14%;"><div> <p><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Africa" title="Africa"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Africa_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/75px-Africa_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Africa_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/113px-Africa_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Africa_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/150px-Africa_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="550" data-file-height="550" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Africa" title="Africa">Africa</a> </p> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align:center;width:14%;"><div> <p><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Antarctica" title="Antarctica"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Antarctica_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/75px-Antarctica_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Antarctica_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/113px-Antarctica_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Antarctica_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/150px-Antarctica_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="537" data-file-height="536" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Antarctica" title="Antarctica">Antarctica</a> </p> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align:center;width:14%;"><div> <p><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Asia" title="Asia"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/75px-Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/113px-Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/150px-Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="541" data-file-height="541" /></a></span><br /><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Asia</a> </p> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align:center;width:14%;"><div> <p><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Australia_(continent)" title="Australia (continent)"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Australia-New_Guinea_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/75px-Australia-New_Guinea_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Australia-New_Guinea_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/113px-Australia-New_Guinea_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Australia-New_Guinea_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/150px-Australia-New_Guinea_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="541" data-file-height="541" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Australia_(continent)" title="Australia (continent)">Australia</a> </p> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align:center;width:14%;"><div> <p><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Europe_orthographic_Caucasus_Urals_boundary.svg/75px-Europe_orthographic_Caucasus_Urals_boundary.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Europe_orthographic_Caucasus_Urals_boundary.svg/113px-Europe_orthographic_Caucasus_Urals_boundary.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Europe_orthographic_Caucasus_Urals_boundary.svg/150px-Europe_orthographic_Caucasus_Urals_boundary.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="537" data-file-height="536" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a> </p> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align:center;width:14%;"><div> <p><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/North_America" title="North America"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Location_North_America.svg/120px-Location_North_America.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Location_North_America.svg/250px-Location_North_America.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="550" data-file-height="550" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/North_America" title="North America">North America</a> </p> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align:center;width:14%;"><div> <p><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/South_America" title="South America"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/South_America_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/75px-South_America_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/South_America_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/113px-South_America_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/South_America_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/150px-South_America_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="541" data-file-height="541" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/South_America" title="South America">South America</a> </p> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;border-bottom:#aaa 1px solid;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="width:5em">   </td><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;text-align:center;width:25%;"><div> <p><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Afro-Eurasia" title="Afro-Eurasia"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Afro-Eurasia_%28orthographic_projection%29_political.svg/75px-Afro-Eurasia_%28orthographic_projection%29_political.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Afro-Eurasia_%28orthographic_projection%29_political.svg/113px-Afro-Eurasia_%28orthographic_projection%29_political.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Afro-Eurasia_%28orthographic_projection%29_political.svg/150px-Afro-Eurasia_%28orthographic_projection%29_political.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="550" data-file-height="550" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Afro-Eurasia" title="Afro-Eurasia">Afro-Eurasia</a> </p> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align:center;width:25%;"><div> <p><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Americas" title="Americas"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Americas_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/75px-Americas_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Americas_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/113px-Americas_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Americas_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/150px-Americas_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="550" data-file-height="550" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Americas" title="Americas">Americas</a> </p> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align:center;width:25%;"><div> <p><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Eurasia" title="Eurasia"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Eurasia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/120px-Eurasia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Eurasia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/250px-Eurasia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="550" data-file-height="550" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Eurasia" title="Eurasia">Eurasia</a> </p> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align:center;width:25%;"><div> <p><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Oceania" title="Oceania"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Oceania_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/75px-Oceania_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Oceania_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/113px-Oceania_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Oceania_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/150px-Oceania_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="541" data-file-height="541" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Oceania" title="Oceania">Oceania</a> </p> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;border-bottom:#aaa 1px solid;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="width:5em">   </td><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;padding-left:1.0em;text-align:center; padding-right:1.0em;width:35%;"><div> <ul><li><span style="font-size:120%"><b>Prehistoric <a href="/wiki/Supercontinent" title="Supercontinent">supercontinents</a></b></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Columbia_(supercontinent)" title="Columbia (supercontinent)">Columbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gondwana" title="Gondwana">Gondwana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenorland" title="Kenorland">Kenorland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laurasia" title="Laurasia">Laurasia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nena_(supercontinent)" title="Nena (supercontinent)">Nena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pangaea" title="Pangaea">Pangaea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pannotia" title="Pannotia">Pannotia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rodinia" title="Rodinia">Rodinia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ur_(continent)" title="Ur (continent)">Ur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaalbara" title="Vaalbara">Vaalbara</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;padding-left:1.0em;text-align:center; padding-right:1.0em;width:65%;"><div> <ul><li><span style="font-size:120%"><b>Other prehistoric continents</b></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Amazonian_Craton" title="Amazonian Craton">Amazonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arctica" title="Arctica">Arctica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asiamerica" class="mw-redirect" title="Asiamerica">Asiamerica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlantica" title="Atlantica">Atlantica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avalonia" title="Avalonia">Avalonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baltica" title="Baltica">Baltica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chilenia" title="Chilenia">Chilenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cimmeria_(continent)" title="Cimmeria (continent)">Cimmeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congo_Craton" title="Congo Craton">Congo Craton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuyania" title="Cuyania">Cuyania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Antarctic_Shield" title="East Antarctic Shield">East Antarctica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laurasia#Euramerica/Laurussia" title="Laurasia">Euramerica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalahari_Craton" title="Kalahari Craton">Kalaharia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakhstania" title="Kazakhstania">Kazakhstania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laramidia" title="Laramidia">Laramidia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laurentia" title="Laurentia">Laurentia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_China_Craton" title="North China Craton">North China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pampia" title="Pampia">Pampia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sahul" title="Sahul">Sahul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siberia_(continent)" title="Siberia (continent)">Siberia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_China_Craton" title="South China Craton">South China</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;border-bottom:#aaa 1px solid;;border-bottom:0;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="width:5em">   </td><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;padding-left:1.0em;text-align:center;padding-right:1.0em;width:25%;"><div> <ul><li><span style="font-size:120%"><b><a href="/wiki/Submerged_continent" title="Submerged continent">Submerged continent</a>/<a href="/wiki/Continental_shelf" title="Continental shelf">lands</a> and <a href="/wiki/Continental_fragment" title="Continental fragment">microcontinents</a></b></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Beringia" title="Beringia">Beringia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cathaysia" title="Cathaysia">Cathaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doggerland" title="Doggerland">Doggerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Australian_Bight" title="Great Australian Bight">Great Australian Bight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan_Mayen_Microcontinent" title="Jan Mayen Microcontinent">Jan Mayen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerguelen_Plateau" title="Kerguelen Plateau">Kerguelen Plateau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madagascar" title="Madagascar">Madagascar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauritia_(microcontinent)" title="Mauritia (microcontinent)">Mauritia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sahul_Shelf" title="Sahul Shelf">Sahul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seychelles_Microcontinent" class="mw-redirect" title="Seychelles Microcontinent">Seychelles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunda_Shelf" title="Sunda Shelf">Sunda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zealandia" title="Zealandia">Zealandia</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;padding-left:1.0em;text-align:center;padding-right:1.0em;width:20%;"><div> <ul><li><span style="font-size:120%"><b>Possible future supercontinents</b></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Amasia_(supercontinent)" title="Amasia (supercontinent)">Amasia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aurica_(supercontinent)" title="Aurica (supercontinent)">Aurica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novopangaea" title="Novopangaea">Novopangaea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pangaea_Proxima" title="Pangaea Proxima">Pangaea Proxima</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;padding-left:1.0em;text-align:center;padding-right:1.0em;width:25%;"><div> <ul><li><span style="font-size:120%"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_mythological_places" title="List of mythological places">Mythical</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_lost_lands" class="mw-redirect" title="List of lost lands">lost</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Phantom_island" title="Phantom island">hypothesised</a> continents</b></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Atlantis" title="Atlantis">Atlantis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyperborea" title="Hyperborea">Hyperborea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kumari_Kandam" title="Kumari Kandam">Kumari Kandam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lemuria" title="Lemuria">Lemuria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meropis" title="Meropis">Meropis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mu_(mythical_lost_continent)" title="Mu (mythical lost continent)">Mu</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Terra_Australis" title="Terra Australis">Terra Australis</a></i></li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;padding-left:1.0em;text-align:center;padding-right:1.0em;width:30%;"><div> <ul><li><span style="font-size:120%"><b><a href="/wiki/Continent#Subcontinents" title="Continent">Subcontinents</a></b></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Alaska" title="Alaska">Alaska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arabian_Peninsula" title="Arabian Peninsula">Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_America" title="Central America">Central America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somali_plate" title="Somali plate">Eastern Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Far_East" title="Russian Far East">Eastern Siberia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenland" title="Greenland">Greenland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_subcontinent" title="Indian subcontinent">Indian Subcontinent</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><div class="hlist"><ul><li>See also: <b><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg/15px-The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg/23px-The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg/30px-The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="3002" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:World" title="Portal:World">World portal</a></b></li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Regions_of_the_world" title="Template:Regions of the world">Regions of the world</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Continental_fragment" title="Continental fragment">Continental fragment</a></li><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Continents" title="Category:Continents">Category</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Chronology_of_continents" title="Chronology of continents">Chronology of continents</a></li></ul></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Earth&#039;s_primary_regions_and_subregions550" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Regions_of_the_world" title="Template:Regions of the world"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Regions_of_the_world" title="Template talk:Regions of the world"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Regions_of_the_world" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Regions of the world"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Earth&#039;s_primary_regions_and_subregions550" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Earth" title="Earth">Earth</a>'s primary <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_geoscheme" title="United Nations geoscheme">regions</a> and <a href="/wiki/Subregion" title="Subregion">subregions</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/World" title="World">Worlds</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arab_world" title="Arab world">Arab World</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Down_Under" title="Down Under">Down Under</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_World" title="New World">New World</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_World" title="Old World">Old World</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three-world_model" title="Three-world model">Three/Four Worlds</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_World" title="First World">First World</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_World" title="Second World">Second World</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_World" title="Third World">Third World</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourth_World" title="Fourth World">Fourth World</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hemispheres_of_Earth" title="Hemispheres of Earth">Hemispheres</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Hemisphere" title="Eastern Hemisphere">Eastern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_and_water_hemispheres" title="Land and water hemispheres">Land Hemisphere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Hemisphere" title="Northern Hemisphere">Northern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Hemisphere" title="Southern Hemisphere">Southern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_and_water_hemispheres" title="Land and water hemispheres">Water Hemisphere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Hemisphere" title="Western Hemisphere">Western</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Landmass" title="Landmass">Landmasses</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Eurasia" title="Afro-Eurasia">Africa-Eurasia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eurasia" title="Eurasia">Eurasia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Americas" title="Americas">Americas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antarctica" title="Antarctica">Antarctica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mainland_Australia" title="Mainland Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zealandia" title="Zealandia">Zealandia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Submerged_continent" title="Submerged continent">submerged</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plate_tectonics" title="Plate tectonics">Tectonic plates</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Continent" title="Continent">Continents</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Africa" title="Africa">Africa</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sahara" title="Sahara">Saharan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/North_Africa" title="North Africa">Northern</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_basin" title="Mediterranean basin">Mediterranean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maghreb" title="Maghreb">Maghreb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mashriq" title="Mashriq">Mashriq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_East" title="Middle East">Middle East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_East_and_North_Africa" title="Middle East and North Africa">Middle East and North Africa</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sub-Saharan_Africa" title="Sub-Saharan Africa">Sub-Saharan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_Africa" title="Central Africa">Central</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Africa" title="East Africa">East</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Horn_of_Africa" title="Horn of Africa">Horn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Great_Lakes" title="African Great Lakes">Great Lakes</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Africa" title="Southern Africa">Southern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Africa" title="West Africa">Western</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Antarctica" title="Antarctica">Antarctica</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/East_Antarctica" title="East Antarctica">East Antarctica</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antarctic_Plateau" title="Antarctic Plateau">Antarctic Plateau</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transantarctic_Mountains" title="Transantarctic Mountains">Transantarctic Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Antarctica" title="West Antarctica">West Antarctica</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antarctic_Peninsula" title="Antarctic Peninsula">Antarctic Peninsula</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Asia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Asia%E2%80%93Pacific" title="Asia–Pacific">Asia–Pacific</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Far_East" title="Far East">Far East</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/East_Asia" title="East Asia">East Asia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Asia" title="Pacific Asia">Pacific Asia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Far_East" title="Russian Far East">Russian Far East</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Southeastern31" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Southeast_Asia" title="Southeast Asia">Southeastern</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mainland_Southeast_Asia" title="Mainland Southeast Asia">Mainland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maritime_Southeast_Asia" title="Maritime Southeast Asia">Maritime</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Central_Asia" title="Central Asia">Central</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aral_Sea" title="Aral Sea">Aral Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aralkum_Desert" title="Aralkum Desert">Aralkum Desert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caspian_Sea" title="Caspian Sea">Caspian Sea</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/North_Asia" title="North Asia">Northern</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siberia" title="Siberia">Siberia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ural_(region)" title="Ural (region)">Ural</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inner_Asia" title="Inner Asia">Inner Asia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Central_Asia" title="Greater Central Asia">Greater Central Asia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northeast_Asia" title="Northeast Asia">Northeastern</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/South_Asia" title="South Asia">Southern</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indian_subcontinent" title="Indian subcontinent">Indian subcontinent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regions_of_South_Asia" class="mw-redirect" title="Regions of South Asia">Subregions</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/West_Asia" title="West Asia">West Asia</a>/<a href="/wiki/Middle_East" title="Middle East">Middle East</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arabian_Peninsula" title="Arabian Peninsula">Arabian Peninsula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caucasus" title="Caucasus">Caucasus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/South_Caucasus" title="South Caucasus">South Caucasus</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Iran" title="Greater Iran">Greater Iran</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_plateau" title="Iranian plateau">Iranian plateau</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levant" title="Levant">Levant</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dead_Sea" title="Dead Sea">Dead Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levantine_Sea" title="Levantine Sea">Levantine Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mashriq" title="Mashriq">Mashriq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_East_and_North_Africa" title="Middle East and North Africa">Middle East and North Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Near_East" title="Near East">Near East</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Subregion#Asia" title="Subregion">Other regions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Himalayan27" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Himalayan_Rim" title="Himalayan Rim">Himalayan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Himalayan_states" title="Himalayan states">Himalayan states</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Himalayan_Region" title="Indian Himalayan Region">Indian region</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Europe" title="Eastern Europe">Eastern</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balkans" title="Balkans">Balkans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caucasus" title="Caucasus">Caucasus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/North_Caucasus" title="North Caucasus">North Caucasus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Caucasus" title="South Caucasus">South Caucasus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Russia" title="Southern Russia">Southern Russia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Russia" title="European Russia">European Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southeast_Europe" title="Southeast Europe">Southeastern</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Northern_Europe" title="Northern Europe">Northern</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baltic_states" title="Baltic states">Baltic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Isles" title="British Isles">British Isles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nordic_countries" title="Nordic countries">Nordic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwestern_Europe" title="Northwestern Europe">Northwestern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scandinavia" title="Scandinavia">Scandinavia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Scandinavian_Peninsula" title="Scandinavian Peninsula">Scandinavian Peninsula</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Southern_Europe" title="Southern Europe">Southern</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_basin" title="Mediterranean basin">Mediterranean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_East" title="Middle East">Middle East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italy_(geographical_region)" title="Italy (geographical region)">Italy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Italian_peninsula" title="Italian peninsula">Italian peninsula</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southeast_Europe" title="Southeast Europe">South-eastern</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balkans" title="Balkans">Balkan Peninsula</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iberian_Peninsula" title="Iberian Peninsula">South-western</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iberian_Peninsula" title="Iberian Peninsula">Iberian Peninsula</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Western_Europe" title="Western Europe">Western</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Europe" title="Atlantic Europe">Atlantic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Low_Countries" title="Low Countries">Low Countries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwestern_Europe" title="Northwestern Europe">Northwestern</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Celtic_nations" title="Celtic nations">Celtic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germanic-speaking_Europe" class="mw-redirect" title="Germanic-speaking Europe">Germanic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romance-speaking_Europe" class="mw-redirect" title="Romance-speaking Europe">Romance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slavs" title="Slavs">Slavic</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/North_America" title="North America">North America</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Northern_America" title="Northern America">Northern Am.</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/Appalachia" title="Appalachia">Appalachia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bible_Belt" title="Bible Belt">Bible Belt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Coast_of_the_United_States" title="East Coast of the United States">East Coast of the United States</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_United_States" title="Eastern United States">Eastern USA</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Lakes_region" title="Great Lakes region">Great Lakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mid-Atlantic_(United_States)" title="Mid-Atlantic (United States)">Mid-Atlantic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midwestern_United_States" title="Midwestern United States">Midwest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountain_states" title="Mountain states">Mountain states</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_England" title="New England">New England</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northeastern_United_States" title="Northeastern United States">Northeastern United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_United_States" title="Northern United States">Northern United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Northwest" title="Pacific Northwest">Pacific Northwest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southeastern_United_States" title="Southeastern United States">Southeast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_United_States" title="Southern United States">Southern United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southwestern_United_States" title="Southwestern United States">Southwest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Coast_of_the_United_States" title="West Coast of the United States">West Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_South_Central_states" title="West South Central states">West South Central United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_United_States" title="Western United States">Western United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Canada" title="Atlantic Canada">Atlantic Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Prairies" title="Canadian Prairies">Canadian Prairies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Canada" title="Central Canada">Central Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Canada" title="Eastern Canada">Eastern Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Canada" title="Northern Canada">Northern Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Canada" title="Western Canada">Western Canada</a></li> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Middle_America_(Americas)" title="Middle America (Americas)">Middle Am.</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aridoamerica" title="Aridoamerica">Aridoamerica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Caribbean" title="Greater Caribbean">Greater Caribbean</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caribbean" title="Caribbean">Caribbean</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/West_Indies" title="West Indies">West Indies</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_America" title="Central America">Central Am.</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mesoamerica" title="Mesoamerica">Mesoamerica</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Mexico" title="Northern Mexico">Northern Mexico</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Oceania" title="Oceania">Oceania</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Australasia15" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Australasia" title="Australasia">Australasia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australia_(continent)" title="Australia (continent)">Australia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mainland_Australia" title="Mainland Australia">Mainland Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Guinea" title="New Guinea">New Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tasmania" title="Tasmania">Tasmania</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zealandia" title="Zealandia">Zealandia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Melanesia" title="Melanesia">Melanesia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Island_Melanesia" title="Island Melanesia">Island Melanesia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Micronesia" title="Micronesia">Micronesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Near_Oceania" title="Near Oceania">Near Oceania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polynesia" title="Polynesia">Polynesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Remote_Oceania" title="Remote Oceania">Remote Oceania</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/South_America" title="South America">South America</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_basin" title="Amazon basin">Amazon Plain</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Basin_(sedimentary_basin)" title="Amazon Basin (sedimentary basin)">Amazon Basin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_rainforest" title="Amazon rainforest">Amazon Rainforest</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andean_Community" title="Andean Community">Andean States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazilian_Highlands" title="Brazilian Highlands">Brazilian Highlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caribbean_South_America" title="Caribbean South America">Caribbean South America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Guianas" title="The Guianas">The Guianas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latin_America_and_the_Caribbean" title="Latin America and the Caribbean">Latin America and the Caribbean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Cone" title="Southern Cone">Southern Cone</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Patagonia" title="Patagonia">Patagonia</a></li></ul></li> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Supercontinent" title="Supercontinent">Supercontinents</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Americas12" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Americas" title="Americas">Americas</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-America" title="Anglo-America">Anglo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_America" title="French America">French</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latin_America_and_the_Caribbean" title="Latin America and the Caribbean">Latin America and the Caribbean</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Latin_America" title="Latin America">Latin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibero-America" title="Ibero-America">Ibero</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hispanic_America" title="Hispanic America">Hispanic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_America" title="Portuguese America">Portuguese</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_islands" title="Lists of islands">Islands</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By <a href="/wiki/Continent" title="Continent">continent</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Africa" title="List of islands of Africa">Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_islands_of_the_Americas" title="Lists of islands of the Americas">Americas</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_North_America" title="List of islands of North America">North America</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Caribbean_islands" title="List of Caribbean islands">Caribbean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Central_America" title="List of islands of Central America">Central America</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_South_America" title="List of islands of South America">South America</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Antarctic_and_subantarctic_islands" title="List of Antarctic and subantarctic islands">Antarctica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Asia" class="mw-redirect" title="List of islands of Asia">Asia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Europe" title="List of islands of Europe">Europe</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_European_islands_by_area" title="List of European islands by area">by area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_European_islands_by_population" title="List of European islands by population">by population</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_in_the_Pacific_Ocean" title="List of islands in the Pacific Ocean">Oceania</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Australia" title="List of islands of Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_New_Zealand" title="List of islands of New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By <a href="/wiki/Ocean" title="Ocean">ocean</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_in_the_Arctic_Ocean" title="List of islands in the Arctic Ocean">Arctic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_in_the_Atlantic_Ocean" title="List of islands in the Atlantic Ocean">Atlantic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_in_the_Baltic_Sea" title="List of islands in the Baltic Sea">Baltic Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_in_the_Black_Sea" title="List of islands in the Black Sea">Black Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Caribbean_islands" title="List of Caribbean islands">Caribbean Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_in_the_Irish_Sea" title="List of islands in the Irish Sea">Irish Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_in_the_Mediterranean" title="List of islands in the Mediterranean">Mediterranean Sea</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_in_the_Adriatic" title="List of islands in the Adriatic">Adriatic Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Aegean_Islands" title="List of Aegean Islands">Aegean Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ionian_Islands" title="Ionian Islands">Ionian Sea</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_in_the_Indian_Ocean" title="List of islands in the Indian Ocean">Indian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_in_the_Persian_Gulf" title="List of islands in the Persian Gulf">Persian Gulf</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_in_the_Pacific_Ocean" title="List of islands in the Pacific Ocean">Pacific</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_in_the_East_China_Sea" title="List of islands in the East China Sea">East China Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_in_the_South_China_Sea" title="List of islands in the South China Sea">South China Sea</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Antarctic_and_subantarctic_islands" title="List of Antarctic and subantarctic islands">Southern</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ocean" title="Ocean">Oceans</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Ocean" title="Southern Ocean">Antarctic/Southern</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antarctic_Convergence" title="Antarctic Convergence">Antarctic Convergence</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arctic_Ocean" title="Arctic Ocean">Arctic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Ocean" title="Atlantic Ocean">Atlantic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Ocean" title="Indian Ocean">Indian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Ocean" title="Pacific Ocean">Pacific</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Great_Barrier_Reef" title="Great Barrier Reef">Great Barrier Reef</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariana_Trench" title="Mariana Trench">Mariana Trench</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ring_of_Fire" title="Ring of Fire">Ring of Fire</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ocean#World_Ocean" title="Ocean">World Ocean</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other <a href="/wiki/Body_of_water" title="Body of water">waterbodies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lakes" title="List of lakes">Lakes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_lakes" title="Lists of lakes">lists</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_rivers" title="Lists of rivers">Rivers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_seas_on_Earth" title="List of seas on Earth">Seas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Rim_regions" title="Category:Rim regions">Rim</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arctic_Rim" class="mw-redirect" title="Arctic Rim">Arctic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Rim" class="mw-redirect" title="Atlantic Rim">Atlantic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indo-Mediterranean" title="Indo-Mediterranean">Indo-Mediterranean</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Ocean_Rim" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian Ocean Rim">Indian Ocean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_Rim" class="mw-redirect" title="Mediterranean Rim">Mediterranean</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Rim" title="Pacific Rim">Pacific</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Polar_regions_of_Earth" title="Polar regions of Earth">Polar</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antarctic" title="Antarctic">Antarctic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arctic" title="Arctic">Arctic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Global_regions" title="Category:Global regions">Global</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>By direction: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Global_East" title="Global East">East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Geographical_Pivot_of_History#The_Heartland" title="The Geographical Pivot of History">Heartland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_North_and_Global_South" title="Global North and Global South">North</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northeast_Asia" title="Northeast Asia">Northeast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_Northwest" title="Global Northwest">Northwest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_North_and_Global_South" title="Global North and Global South">South</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_Southeast" title="Global Southeast">Southeast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_Southwest" title="Global Southwest">Southwest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_world" title="Western world">West</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Template"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Symbol_template_class_pink.svg/16px-Symbol_template_class_pink.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Symbol_template_class_pink.svg/23px-Symbol_template_class_pink.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Symbol_template_class_pink.svg/31px-Symbol_template_class_pink.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Template:Continents_of_Earth" title="Template:Continents of Earth">Continents of Earth</a> / <a href="/wiki/Template:List_of_seas" title="Template:List of seas">List of seas</a> / <a href="/wiki/Template:Earth" title="Template:Earth">Physical Earth</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 0;column-gap:1em;align-items:baseline;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-item{display:inline-block;margin:0.15em 0.2em;min-height:24px;line-height:24px}@media screen and (max-width:768px){.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;flex-flow:column wrap;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{text-align:center;flex:0;padding-left:0.5em;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;align-items:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:center;flex:0;column-gap:1em;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0 auto;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{border-top:none;margin:0;list-style:none}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><span class="portal-bar-header"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portals</a>:</span><ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Asia_(orthographic_projection).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/19px-Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/29px-Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/38px-Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="541" data-file-height="541" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Asia" title="Portal:Asia">Asia</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Terra.png/19px-Terra.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Terra.png/29px-Terra.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Terra.png/38px-Terra.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Geography" title="Portal:Geography">Geography</a></li></ul></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236088147">.mw-parser-output .sister-bar{display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline;font-size:88%;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em 0 0;padding:0 2em}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;padding:0.2em 0;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px;line-height:22px}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 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print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sister-bar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="noprint metadata sister-bar" role="navigation" aria-label="sister-projects"><div class="sister-bar-header"><b>Asia</b> at Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_sister_projects" title="Wikipedia:Wikimedia sister projects"><span id="sister-projects" style="white-space:nowrap;">sister projects</span></a>:</div><ul class="sister-bar-content"><li class="sister-bar-item"><span class="sister-bar-logo"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-bar-link"><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Asia" class="extiw" title="c:Asia">Media</a></b> from Commons</span></li><li class="sister-bar-item"><span class="sister-bar-logo"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/21px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/32px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/42px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="759" data-file-height="415" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-bar-link"><b><a href="https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Category:Asia" class="extiw" title="n:Category:Asia">News</a></b> from Wikinews</span></li><li class="sister-bar-item"><span class="sister-bar-logo"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/16px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="19" class="mw-file-element" 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class="sister-bar-link"><b><a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Pinyin/Asia" class="extiw" title="b:Pinyin/Asia">Textbooks</a></b> from Wikibooks</span></li><li class="sister-bar-item"><span class="sister-bar-logo"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/20px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/40px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-bar-link"><b><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Asia" class="extiw" title="voy:Asia">Travel guides</a></b> from Wikivoyage</span></li></ul></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" 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style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group 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href="http://kulturnav.org/bb2afaa4-2fe1-4ffa-86f5-680f711889d1">KulturNav</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10035693">NARA</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://esu.com.ua/search_articles.php?id=42763">Encyclopedia of Modern Ukraine</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-sticky-header-toc-label" for="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar-primary" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="mw-page-title-main">Asia</span></div> </div> </div> <div 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mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-history mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-history"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only mw-watchlink" id="ca-watchstar-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="watch-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-star mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-star"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="wikitext-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikiText mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-wikiText"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-ve-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-editLock mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-editLock"></span> <span></span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-language"></span> <span>305 languages</span> </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbleAdd-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbleAdd-progressive"></span> <span>Add topic</span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-dock-bottom emptyPortlet" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul> </ul> </div> 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