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class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Background on Cuban independence</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Background_on_Cuban_independence-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cubans_fleeing_political_persecution_to_Mexico" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cubans_fleeing_political_persecution_to_Mexico"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Cubans fleeing political persecution to Mexico</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cubans_fleeing_political_persecution_to_Mexico-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mexico's_role_in_the_Cuban_Revolution" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mexico's_role_in_the_Cuban_Revolution"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Mexico's role in the Cuban Revolution</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mexico's_role_in_the_Cuban_Revolution-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cold_War_relations_(1959–1991)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cold_War_relations_(1959–1991)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Cold War relations (1959–1991)</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Cold_War_relations_(1959–1991)-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Cold War relations (1959–1991) subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Cold_War_relations_(1959–1991)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-American_and_Soviet_influence_on_Mexican–Cuban_relations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#American_and_Soviet_influence_on_Mexican–Cuban_relations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>American and Soviet influence on Mexican–Cuban relations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-American_and_Soviet_influence_on_Mexican–Cuban_relations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cuba's_expulsion_from_the_Organization_of_American_States" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cuba's_expulsion_from_the_Organization_of_American_States"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Cuba's expulsion from the Organization of American States</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cuba's_expulsion_from_the_Organization_of_American_States-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mexico_supporting_the_United_States_during_the_Cold_War_but_also_supporting_Havana" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mexico_supporting_the_United_States_during_the_Cold_War_but_also_supporting_Havana"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Mexico supporting the United States during the Cold War but also supporting Havana</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mexico_supporting_the_United_States_during_the_Cold_War_but_also_supporting_Havana-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Increases_in_Mexican_leftist_propaganda_and_the_Mexican_Communist_Party" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Increases_in_Mexican_leftist_propaganda_and_the_Mexican_Communist_Party"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Increases in Mexican leftist propaganda and the Mexican Communist Party</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Increases_in_Mexican_leftist_propaganda_and_the_Mexican_Communist_Party-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Post-Cold_War_to_the_Present" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Post-Cold_War_to_the_Present"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Post-Cold War to the Present</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Post-Cold_War_to_the_Present-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Post-Cold War to the Present subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Post-Cold_War_to_the_Present-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Strains_in_the_Mexican–Cuban_relationship" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Strains_in_the_Mexican–Cuban_relationship"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Strains in the Mexican–Cuban relationship</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Strains_in_the_Mexican–Cuban_relationship-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Mexico_recalls_Havana_ambassador_in_1998" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mexico_recalls_Havana_ambassador_in_1998"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.1</span> <span>Mexico recalls Havana ambassador in 1998</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mexico_recalls_Havana_ambassador_in_1998-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2002_United_Nations_Summit_in_Mexico" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2002_United_Nations_Summit_in_Mexico"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.2</span> <span>2002 United Nations Summit in Mexico</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2002_United_Nations_Summit_in_Mexico-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mexico_votes_in_favor_of_UN_resolutions_against_Cuba's_human_rights_issues" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mexico_votes_in_favor_of_UN_resolutions_against_Cuba's_human_rights_issues"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.3</span> <span>Mexico votes in favor of UN resolutions against Cuba's human rights issues</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mexico_votes_in_favor_of_UN_resolutions_against_Cuba's_human_rights_issues-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Improvements_in_the_Mexican–Cuban_relationship" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Improvements_in_the_Mexican–Cuban_relationship"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Improvements in the Mexican–Cuban relationship</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Improvements_in_the_Mexican–Cuban_relationship-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Mexico_and_Cuba_increase_cooperation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mexico_and_Cuba_increase_cooperation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.1</span> <span>Mexico and Cuba increase cooperation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mexico_and_Cuba_increase_cooperation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-High-level_visits" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#High-level_visits"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>High-level visits</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-High-level_visits-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bilateral_relations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bilateral_relations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Bilateral relations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bilateral_relations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transportation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transportation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Transportation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Transportation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Trade" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Trade"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Trade</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Trade-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Resident_diplomatic_missions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Resident_diplomatic_missions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Resident diplomatic missions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Resident_diplomatic_missions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/60px-Edit-clear.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/80px-Edit-clear.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article's <b>tone or style may not reflect the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Writing_better_articles#Tone" title="Wikipedia:Writing better articles">encyclopedic tone</a> used on Wikipedia</b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> See Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Writing_better_articles#Tone" title="Wikipedia:Writing better articles">guide to writing better articles</a> for suggestions.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">January 2018</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Bilateral relations</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox" style="border-collapse:collapse;"><caption class="infobox-title">Cuba-Mexico relations</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cuba_Mexico_Locator.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Map indicating locations of Cuba and Mexico"><img alt="Map indicating locations of Cuba and Mexico" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Cuba_Mexico_Locator.png/250px-Cuba_Mexico_Locator.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="218" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Cuba_Mexico_Locator.png/375px-Cuba_Mexico_Locator.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Cuba_Mexico_Locator.png/500px-Cuba_Mexico_Locator.png 2x" data-file-width="616" data-file-height="538" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:lightgrey"></th></tr><tr style="height:0.6em"> <td style="background:#339933;"></td> <td style="background:#E08020;"></td> </tr><tr> <th scope="col" style="width:50%; text-align:center"><span class="mw-default-size mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/60px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/90px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/120px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a></th> <th scope="col" style="width:50%; text-align:center; border-left:thin solid lightgrey;"><span class="mw-default-size mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/53px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png" decoding="async" width="53" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/79px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/105px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="980" data-file-height="560" /></span></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a></th> </tr><tr style="display:none"><th colspan="2"> </th></tr></tbody></table> <p>The nations of <a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a> have had uninterrupted diplomatic relations since their establishment in 1902.<sup id="cite_ref-Senado_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Senado-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Both nations are members of the <a href="/wiki/Association_of_Caribbean_States" title="Association of Caribbean States">Association of Caribbean States</a>, <a href="/wiki/Community_of_Latin_American_and_Caribbean_States" title="Community of Latin American and Caribbean States">Community of Latin American and Caribbean States</a>, <a href="/wiki/Latin_American_Integration_Association" title="Latin American Integration Association">Latin American Integration Association</a>, <a href="/wiki/Organization_of_Ibero-American_States" title="Organization of Ibero-American States">Organization of Ibero-American States</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_relations">Early relations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cuba%E2%80%93Mexico_relations&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early relations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:CcJoseMarti_ohs01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/CcJoseMarti_ohs01.jpg/220px-CcJoseMarti_ohs01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/CcJoseMarti_ohs01.jpg/330px-CcJoseMarti_ohs01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/CcJoseMarti_ohs01.jpg/440px-CcJoseMarti_ohs01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4160" data-file-height="3120" /></a><figcaption>Statue of José Martí in Mexico City</figcaption></figure> <p>Cuba and Mexico are <a href="/wiki/Latin_America" title="Latin America">Latin American</a> nations. They were both colonized by the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Spanish empire">Spanish Empire</a>. During Spanish colonization, Cuba was under the administration of the <a href="/wiki/New_Spain" title="New Spain">Viceroyalty of New Spain</a> in <a href="/wiki/Mexico_City" title="Mexico City">Mexico City</a>. In 1821, Mexico gained independence from Spain, but Cuba remained a part of the Spanish Empire for 77 years until it won independence from Spain in 1898 as a result of the <a href="/wiki/Spanish%E2%80%93American_War" title="Spanish–American War">Spanish–American War</a>. Cuban national hero <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Mart%C3%AD" title="José Martí">José Martí</a> lived for a time in Mexico and published several books there.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Background_on_Mexican_independence">Background on Mexican independence</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cuba%E2%80%93Mexico_relations&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Background on Mexican independence"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Despite the victory of Mexico over the last Spanish bastion in <a href="/wiki/San_Juan_de_Ul%C3%BAa" title="San Juan de Ulúa">San Juan de Ulúa</a>, Spain refused to recognize the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_C%C3%B3rdoba" title="Treaty of Córdoba">Treaty of Córdoba</a> and hence the independence of Mexico. </p><p>The Mexican government, led by <a href="/wiki/Guadalupe_Victoria" title="Guadalupe Victoria">Guadalupe Victoria</a>, came to the conclusion that Spain, by its refusal to recognize the treaties, still posed a threat, and could use Cuba as a platform to launch a campaign to recover Mexico. <a href="/wiki/Lucas_Alam%C3%A1n" title="Lucas Alamán">Lucas Alamán</a>, who was then the <a href="/wiki/Secretariat_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Mexico)" title="Secretariat of Foreign Affairs (Mexico)">Mexican Minister of Foreign Affairs</a>, assessed the threat posed by the military forces stationed in <a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a> to Mexico. Since 1824, Alamán had held the belief that Mexico should seize Cuba, arguing that "Cuba without Mexico is aimed at imperialist yoke; Mexico without Cuba is a prisoner of the Gulf of Mexico." He believed that the Mexican forces, with the support of foreign powers such as France or England (which had been the first European power to recognize the independence of Mexico on July 16, 1836), could overcome the Spanish in Cuba.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a> continued to interfere in Mexican affairs, maintaining military garrisons along the Mexican coast. These Spanish holdouts suffered a major setback in 1825 when the Mexican Army captured the key port city of <a href="/wiki/Veracruz" title="Veracruz">Veracruz</a>, but Spain continued to launch <a href="/wiki/Spanish_attempts_to_reconquer_Mexico" title="Spanish attempts to reconquer Mexico">armed expeditions</a> against Mexico from the nearby island of <a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a>. The island colony also served as an important Spanish naval base, allowing the Spanish to harass Mexican trade in the Gulf of Mexico and <a href="/wiki/Power_projection" title="Power projection">project power</a> in the region.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Battle_of_Mariel">Battle of Mariel</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cuba%E2%80%93Mexico_relations&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Battle of Mariel"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mariel" title="Battle of Mariel">Battle of Mariel</a></div> <p>Seeking to challenge Spanish control of the gulf, the <a href="/wiki/Mexican_Navy" title="Mexican Navy">Mexican Navy</a> began to conduct sorties in the region in the mid-1820s. In early 1828 a squadron of three brigs under the command of <a href="/wiki/David_Porter_(naval_officer)" title="David Porter (naval officer)">Commodore David Porter</a> began to sortie into the gulf, seeking to disrupt Spanish shipping.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One of the three brigs was the 22-gun <i>Guerrero</i>, which had recently taken on a crew of American volunteers in New Orleans and was under the command of Porter's nephew, Captain David Henry Porter.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Eventually the Mexican brig <i>Guerrero</i> was forced to surrender, with the ship's crew (including future <a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy" title="United States Navy">United States Navy</a> admiral <a href="/wiki/David_Dixon_Porter" title="David Dixon Porter">David Dixon Porter</a>) being imprisoned in Havana.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The battle at Mariel became the last ship-to-ship engagement between the Mexican and Spanish navies.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Background_on_Cuban_independence">Background on Cuban independence</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cuba%E2%80%93Mexico_relations&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Background on Cuban independence"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After the <a href="/wiki/Spanish%E2%80%93American_War" title="Spanish–American War">Spanish–American War</a>, the United States gained control of Cuba.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Under the <a href="/wiki/Platt_Amendment" title="Platt Amendment">Platt Amendment</a>, the United States granted Cuba limited sovereignty. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cubans_fleeing_political_persecution_to_Mexico">Cubans fleeing political persecution to Mexico</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cuba%E2%80%93Mexico_relations&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Cubans fleeing political persecution to Mexico"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 20 May 1902, Cuba and Mexico established diplomatic relations.<sup id="cite_ref-Senado_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Senado-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cuba's <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Cuba_(1902%E2%80%931959)" title="Republic of Cuba (1902–1959)">post-independence</a> was defined by several instances of political instability that generated successive waves of dissidents seeking asylum and safety elsewhere. Mexico became a country where Cubans would flee to when escaping political persecution, including notable Cubans like Fidel Castro, who fled to Mexico from the Batista regime.<sup id="cite_ref-overview_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-overview-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mexico later became the site where Fidel Castro, Ernesto "Che" Guevara, and others started their trek back to Cuba to overthrow the regime of Fulgencio Batista.<sup id="cite_ref-overview_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-overview-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mexico's status as a political refuge for Cubans fleeing persecution would eventually establish a sustainable diaspora community in the country. </p><p>In 1923, both nations established resident embassies in their respective capitals.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mexico's_role_in_the_Cuban_Revolution"><span id="Mexico.27s_role_in_the_Cuban_Revolution"></span>Mexico's role in the Cuban Revolution</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cuba%E2%80%93Mexico_relations&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Mexico's role in the Cuban Revolution"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mexico's popularity as a destination for Cuban political dissidents gave it an important role in the formative moments of the <a href="/wiki/Cuban_Revolution" title="Cuban Revolution">Cuban Revolution</a>. After meeting in Mexico, Fidel Castro and Ernesto "Che" Guevara began to plan a guerilla war against the Batista regime in Cuba to take back Cuba for the people.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This movement became known as the "26th of July Movement," which began when Castro and Che entered Cuba in 1956 to overthrow dictator Batista, who ultimately fled the country in 1959.<sup id="cite_ref-overview_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-overview-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 2">: 2 </span></sup> Mexico was a prime launching point for their boat since it was much easier to successfully get to Cuba from Mexico than if they had started from another country. Mexico gave Castro the advantage to plan and launch the movement without the backlash that other countries that supported the Batista regime may have given him. On a final note, the Cuban government was backed by the American government at the time, so any movement against Cuba was also against the US. This caused the relations to sour, as soon as Castro became victorious, which also showed Mexico that they needed to understand the need to be cautious with their Cuban relations from now on.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cold_War_relations_(1959–1991)"><span id="Cold_War_relations_.281959.E2.80.931991.29"></span>Cold War relations (1959–1991)</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cuba%E2%80%93Mexico_relations&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Cold War relations (1959–1991)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="American_and_Soviet_influence_on_Mexican–Cuban_relations"><span id="American_and_Soviet_influence_on_Mexican.E2.80.93Cuban_relations"></span>American and Soviet influence on Mexican–Cuban relations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cuba%E2%80%93Mexico_relations&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: American and Soviet influence on Mexican–Cuban relations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The aspect of Mexican–Cuban relations affected the influence of the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a>. Throughout the 20th century, the two countries exerted control over the <a href="/wiki/Latin_America" title="Latin America">Latin American</a> region. Mexico had to be especially cautious not to anger the United States when interacting with Cuba or the Soviet Union, making the relations more complicated. </p><p>As the <a href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</a> began, there were rising tensions between the United States and the Soviet Union. Mexico had to be careful of how its relations with each country could affect the other country's perception of Mexico. The United States had a <a href="/wiki/Good_Neighbor_policy" title="Good Neighbor policy">Good Neighbor Policy</a> towards countries like Mexico who were cautious as to whether or not they should support the US or the USSR.<sup id="cite_ref-Joseph_171_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Joseph_171-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Since the United States feared neutrality of countries over anything else, as neutrality can turn into <a href="/wiki/Communism" title="Communism">communism</a> later, they pushed nations like Mexico to side with the US.<sup id="cite_ref-Joseph_171_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Joseph_171-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Later, <a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy" title="John F. Kennedy">President Kennedy</a> strengthened the Good Neighbor Policy by implementing his Alliance for Progress program, which helped Latin American countries with "economic growth and development."<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With increased efforts by the US to bring Latin American countries like Mexico into its own sphere of influence and away from the influence of countries like the USSR and Cuba, Mexico was put into a difficult situation. This American influence would put a strain on Mexico whenever they wanted to have positive relations with Cuba, as it could have negative repercussions on Mexico's powerful neighbor. </p><p>The Soviet Union also directly affected the relations between Mexico and Cuba. The USSR had a large influence on Cuba already, which caused the relationship between Cuba and the United States to be problematic and contentious.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cuba's economy and independence from the US would not have been as stable as it was without the Soviet support they received, making them in debt to the USSR.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mexico had to be careful when dealing with either Cuba or the USSR because of the problems that would be created in Mexican–American relations. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cuba's_expulsion_from_the_Organization_of_American_States"><span id="Cuba.27s_expulsion_from_the_Organization_of_American_States"></span>Cuba's expulsion from the Organization of American States</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cuba%E2%80%93Mexico_relations&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Cuba's expulsion from the Organization of American States"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Organization of American States (OAS) was an organization formed after World War II in 1948 to help "settle inter-American (hemisphere) disputes."<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Following the <a href="/wiki/Cuban_Missile_Crisis" title="Cuban Missile Crisis">Cuban Missile Crisis</a>, Cuba was expelled from the OAS.<sup id="cite_ref-Cawthorne_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cawthorne-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Mexico was the one of only two countries in the Americas to maintain diplomatic ties with Cuba throughout the Cuban missile crisis. This demonstrated Mexico's dedication to keeping ties with Cuba, even when they had to consider how the United States could react. "We have a problem when a foreign government calls our brothers the enemy of the hemisphere. We are not Haiti, Grenada, Bahamas or Jamaica; we are not a colony that will adhere to decisions under American pressure". Mexican President <a href="/wiki/Adolfo_L%C3%B3pez_Mateos" title="Adolfo López Mateos">Adolfo López Mateos</a> statement during the Cuban missile crisis that pit the United States on a brink of nuclear war in Cuba. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mexico_supporting_the_United_States_during_the_Cold_War_but_also_supporting_Havana">Mexico supporting the United States during the Cold War but also supporting Havana</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cuba%E2%80%93Mexico_relations&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Mexico supporting the United States during the Cold War but also supporting Havana"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Mexican government had to be cautious with how it conducted its foreign policy. Even though it was obvious that Mexico supported Cuba they also opposed Cuba's actions, to help maintain good relations with the US.<sup id="cite_ref-Joseph_67_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Joseph_67-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mexico realized that supporting their biggest partner the United States publicly was important to their country, however they were also interested in other foreign policies and relations. Mexico coined the term "Political Neutrality". This policy, which Mexico followed during the Cold War, is still being followed today, with Mexico choosing to remain neutral in international disputes. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Increases_in_Mexican_leftist_propaganda_and_the_Mexican_Communist_Party">Increases in Mexican leftist propaganda and the Mexican Communist Party</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cuba%E2%80%93Mexico_relations&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Increases in Mexican leftist propaganda and the Mexican Communist Party"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After the Cuban Revolution, there was an increase in "leftist revolutionary propaganda" in Mexico.<sup id="cite_ref-Kennedy_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kennedy-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some believed that the Cuban Revolution could be seen as a reflection of the Mexican Revolution decades earlier and they became intrigued by the situation in Cuba.<sup id="cite_ref-Kennedy_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kennedy-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although it would have been difficult for Mexico to outright support the revolution, because of the United States' reaction, many Mexican citizens showed their support through art, music, and other propaganda.<sup id="cite_ref-Kennedy_22-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kennedy-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the Cuban Revolution, some Mexicans felt more connected with the socialist country, seeing their struggles for freedom similar to what the Mexican people had endured earlier in the 20th century. </p><p>One of these groups in Mexico dedicated to portraying leftist propaganda was the Taller de Gráfica Popular (TGP).<sup id="cite_ref-McCloskey_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McCloskey-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The TGP was a collective of artists who expressed Mexican culture, especially dealing with social issues in Mexico from the Revolution and later on in the century, through various art forms, like murals and prints.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This group was seen as having some more radical opinions, especially with their aligning with the leftist views in Mexico.<sup id="cite_ref-McCloskey_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McCloskey-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They would portray how they viewed ideas like the Mexican Revolution and the current issues in Mexico, which was important to the Mexican people. The Mexican government had been trying to limit the amount of leftist public opinions in the country, so this artistic group was not something that the Mexican government would have favored. The TGP had to be careful so that the artists did not do something too extreme that would cause the government to get involved. Overall, though, the TGP helped spread their views and displayed to Mexico, and countries abroad, that there were leftist political opinions in Mexico and that the Mexican people thought about their revolutionary ideals still, decades after the Mexican Revolution. </p><p>Additionally, there was a Mexican Communist Party that was allowed to operate during the Cold War. More likely to support causes in Cuba and the USSR, the Mexican government had to be careful with how they treated the party. Disbanding them could cause backlash among Mexican citizens, but allowing it to grow could anger the United States. The Communist Party, therefore, was allowed "to operate, but (the Mexican government) harassed, surveilled, jailed, and disappeared its leaders."<sup id="cite_ref-Joseph_67_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Joseph_67-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Groups like the Communist Party in Mexico demonstrated open support for countries like Cuba within Mexican borders, but the government's treatment of the party was chosen specifically to show loyalty to the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-Joseph_67_21-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Joseph_67-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Post-Cold_War_to_the_Present">Post-Cold War to the Present</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cuba%E2%80%93Mexico_relations&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Post-Cold War to the Present"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Strains_in_the_Mexican–Cuban_relationship"><span id="Strains_in_the_Mexican.E2.80.93Cuban_relationship"></span>Strains in the Mexican–Cuban relationship</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cuba%E2%80%93Mexico_relations&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Strains in the Mexican–Cuban relationship"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Mexico_recalls_Havana_ambassador_in_1998">Mexico recalls Havana ambassador in 1998</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cuba%E2%80%93Mexico_relations&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Mexico recalls Havana ambassador in 1998"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1998, Cuban leader Fidel Castro made a comment that Mexican children recognize Mickey Mouse but do not know important individuals in Mexico's own history.<sup id="cite_ref-Cawthorne_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cawthorne-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mexico and Cuba had relatively good relations up until that point, but this comment offended the Mexican government enough that they withdrew their ambassador from Havana.<sup id="cite_ref-Cawthorne_20-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cawthorne-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This event caused problems with the relations between Cuba and Mexico and would be the first in a line of events in recent years that would cause strains in their relationship. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="2002_United_Nations_Summit_in_Mexico">2002 United Nations Summit in Mexico</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cuba%E2%80%93Mexico_relations&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: 2002 United Nations Summit in Mexico"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Another diplomatic issue occurred in 2002 when Vicente Fox, Mexico's pro-American president, allegedly "forced (Fidel Castro) to leave a United Nations summit in Mexico so that he would not cross paths with (US) President Bush."<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Fox also asked Castro not to say anything that could be seen as "criticizing the United States."<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To prove that it was forced, Castro produced a recording of his and Fox's conversation.<sup id="cite_ref-Lacey_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lacey-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This strain would continue between Cuba and Mexico since Fidel Castro believed Mexico was "too closely aligned with Washington," especially since the US still did not have diplomatic relations with Cuba.<sup id="cite_ref-Lacey_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lacey-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Mexico_votes_in_favor_of_UN_resolutions_against_Cuba's_human_rights_issues"><span id="Mexico_votes_in_favor_of_UN_resolutions_against_Cuba.27s_human_rights_issues"></span>Mexico votes in favor of UN resolutions against Cuba's human rights issues</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cuba%E2%80%93Mexico_relations&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Mexico votes in favor of UN resolutions against Cuba's human rights issues"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2002, Mexican President Fox, "instructed the Mexican delegation to vote in favor of the UN resolution to criticize Cuba's human right's situation."<sup id="cite_ref-Thomas_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Thomas-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was a major shift from prior relations, where Mexico typically supported Cuba or chose to abstain from voting. Shortly after, Fox replaced the Cuban ambassador, which led to some distrust from Havana towards President Fox.<sup id="cite_ref-Thomas_28-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Thomas-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2004, Mexico's vote on a similar resolution became the deciding vote in a 22–21 vote against Cuba and its human rights issues.<sup id="cite_ref-Thomas_28-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Thomas-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Castro criticized Mexico since the country also had human rights violations, calling Mexico and other Latin American countries, "'a herd of hypocrites.'"<sup id="cite_ref-Thomas_28-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Thomas-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mexico's vote .<sup id="cite_ref-MFMVC_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MFMVC-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Citing earlier instances of Cuban Communist Party members entering the country on diplomatic passports, Mexican Foreign Secretary Luis Ernesto Debez and Interior Secretary Santiago Creel expelled the Cuban ambassador.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Improvements_in_the_Mexican–Cuban_relationship"><span id="Improvements_in_the_Mexican.E2.80.93Cuban_relationship"></span>Improvements in the Mexican–Cuban relationship</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cuba%E2%80%93Mexico_relations&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Improvements in the Mexican–Cuban relationship"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mexican President Felipe Calderon visited Havana in 2012 to help improve relations with Cuba.<sup id="cite_ref-Calderon_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Calderon-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Calderon's visit with then-First Secretary of the Cuban Communist Party <a href="/wiki/Ra%C3%BAl_Castro" title="Raúl Castro">Raul Castro</a>, brother of Fidel Castro, helped to restore relations after the notable confrontations of the Fox administration.<sup id="cite_ref-Calderon_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Calderon-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Mexican Foreign Minister <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Antonio_Meade" title="José Antonio Meade">José Antonio Meade</a> visited Cuba in September 2013 to further the improvements in Mexican–Cuban relations.<sup id="cite_ref-MFMVC_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MFMVC-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many topics, including "trade and investment, as well as matters such as "'tourism, migration, cooperation, education, culture, health [and] energy'" were discussed between officials from both countries.<sup id="cite_ref-MFMVC_29-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MFMVC-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Mexico_and_Cuba_increase_cooperation">Mexico and Cuba increase cooperation</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cuba%E2%80%93Mexico_relations&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Mexico and Cuba increase cooperation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In December 2018, Cuban President <a href="/wiki/Miguel_D%C3%ADaz-Canel" title="Miguel Díaz-Canel">Miguel Díaz-Canel</a> paid a visit to Mexico to attend the inauguration of Mexican President <a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9s_Manuel_L%C3%B3pez_Obrador" title="Andrés Manuel López Obrador">Andrés Manuel López Obrador</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> President Díaz-Canel returned to Mexico in July 2019 to hold bilateral discussions with President López Obrador.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In July 2021, President López Obrador blamed the <a href="/wiki/United_States_embargo_against_Cuba" title="United States embargo against Cuba">US embargo against Cuba</a> for contributing to the unrest in Cuba. The foreign ministry sent two navy ships with food and medical supplies to assist Cuba.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In September 2021, President Díaz-Canel returned to Mexico to attend Mexico's Independence day celebration as a guest of honor of President López Obrador.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In May 2022, Mexican President Andrés Manuel López Obrador paid an official visit to Cuba where he was granted the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Jos%C3%A9_Mart%C3%AD" title="Order of José Martí">Order of José Martí</a> by President Díaz-Canel.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cuban President Miguel Díaz-Canel traveled to <a href="/wiki/Campeche_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Campeche City">Campeche</a> in February 2023, to be awarded the Mexican <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Aztec_Eagle" title="Order of the Aztec Eagle">Order of the Aztec Eagle</a> by President López Obrador. <sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In October 2024, President Díaz-Canel travelled to Mexico to attend the inauguration of President <a href="/wiki/Claudia_Sheinbaum" title="Claudia Sheinbaum">Claudia Sheinbaum</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="High-level_visits">High-level visits</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cuba%E2%80%93Mexico_relations&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: High-level visits"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Enrique_Pe%C3%B1a_Nieto_y_Ra%C3%BAl_Castro._Recepci%C3%B3n_en_La_Habana,_Cuba.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Enrique_Pe%C3%B1a_Nieto_y_Ra%C3%BAl_Castro._Recepci%C3%B3n_en_La_Habana%2C_Cuba.jpg/220px-Enrique_Pe%C3%B1a_Nieto_y_Ra%C3%BAl_Castro._Recepci%C3%B3n_en_La_Habana%2C_Cuba.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Enrique_Pe%C3%B1a_Nieto_y_Ra%C3%BAl_Castro._Recepci%C3%B3n_en_La_Habana%2C_Cuba.jpg/330px-Enrique_Pe%C3%B1a_Nieto_y_Ra%C3%BAl_Castro._Recepci%C3%B3n_en_La_Habana%2C_Cuba.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Enrique_Pe%C3%B1a_Nieto_y_Ra%C3%BAl_Castro._Recepci%C3%B3n_en_La_Habana%2C_Cuba.jpg/440px-Enrique_Pe%C3%B1a_Nieto_y_Ra%C3%BAl_Castro._Recepci%C3%B3n_en_La_Habana%2C_Cuba.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="652" /></a><figcaption>Mexican President <a href="/wiki/Enrique_Pe%C3%B1a_Nieto" title="Enrique Peña Nieto">Enrique Peña Nieto</a> on an official visit to Cuba along with Cuban President <a href="/wiki/Ra%C3%BAl_Castro" title="Raúl Castro">Raúl Castro</a>, January 2014.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Presidential visits from Cuba to Mexico</b><sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>President <a href="/wiki/Fidel_Castro" title="Fidel Castro">Fidel Castro</a> (1960, 1979, 1981, 1988, 1991, 1994, 2000, 2002)</li> <li>President <a href="/wiki/Ra%C3%BAl_Castro" title="Raúl Castro">Raúl Castro</a> (2010, 2015)</li> <li>President <a href="/wiki/Miguel_D%C3%ADaz-Canel" title="Miguel Díaz-Canel">Miguel Díaz-Canel</a> (2018, 2019, 2021, February and October 2023, 2024)</li></ul> <p><b>Presidential visits from Mexico to Cuba</b><sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>President <a href="/wiki/Luis_Echeverr%C3%ADa" title="Luis Echeverría">Luis Echeverría</a> (1975)</li> <li>President <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_L%C3%B3pez_Portillo" title="José López Portillo">José López Portillo</a> (1980)</li> <li>President <a href="/wiki/Miguel_de_la_Madrid" title="Miguel de la Madrid">Miguel de la Madrid Hurtado</a> (1986)</li> <li>President <a href="/wiki/Carlos_Salinas_de_Gortari" title="Carlos Salinas de Gortari">Carlos Salinas de Gortari</a> (1994)</li> <li>President <a href="/wiki/Ernesto_Zedillo" title="Ernesto Zedillo">Ernesto Zedillo</a> (1999)</li> <li>President <a href="/wiki/Vicente_Fox" title="Vicente Fox">Vicente Fox</a> (2002)</li> <li>President <a href="/wiki/Felipe_Calder%C3%B3n" title="Felipe Calderón">Felipe Calderón</a> (2012)</li> <li>President <a href="/wiki/Enrique_Pe%C3%B1a_Nieto" title="Enrique Peña Nieto">Enrique Peña Nieto</a> (2014, June and November 2016)</li> <li>President <a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9s_Manuel_L%C3%B3pez_Obrador" title="Andrés Manuel López Obrador">Andrés Manuel López Obrador</a> (2022)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bilateral_relations">Bilateral relations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cuba%E2%80%93Mexico_relations&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Bilateral relations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Both nations have signed several bilateral agreements such as an Agreement for the exchange of <a href="/wiki/Wireless_telegraphy" title="Wireless telegraphy">Radiotelegraphy</a> Correspondence (1928); Agreement for Economic and Industrial Collaboration (1975); Fishing Agreement (1976); Agreement on the Delimitation of the Maritime Spaces under the establishment of the <a href="/wiki/Exclusive_economic_zone" title="Exclusive economic zone">Exclusive economic zone</a> (1976); General Collaboration Agreement (1978); Agreement on Economic, Scientific and Technical Collaboration in Sugar Production and its Derivatives (1979): Agreement on Tourism Cooperation (1980); Trade Agreement (1984); Agreement on Cooperation to Combat International Drug Trafficking (1990); Transportation Agreement (1991); Treaty on the Execution of Criminal Sentences (1996); Agreement on Development Cooperation (1999); Agreement on the Reciprocal Promotion and Protection of Investments (2001); Agreement of Cooperation in Youth Education, Culture, Physical Education and Sports (2012); Agreement on Mutual Recognition and Revalidation of Titles, Diplomas and Higher Education Studies (2013); Treaty on Mutual Legal Assistance in Criminal Matters (2013); Extradition Treaty (2013); Treaty on the Delimitation of the Continental Platform in the Eastern Polygon of the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Mexico" title="Gulf of Mexico">Gulf of Mexico</a> beyond 200 nautical miles (2017); and an Agreement of Cooperation in Mutual Administrative Assistance and Information Exchange in Customs Matters (2018).<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transportation">Transportation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cuba%E2%80%93Mexico_relations&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Transportation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There are direct flights between both nations with <a href="/wiki/Aerom%C3%A9xico" title="Aeroméxico">Aeroméxico</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aerom%C3%A9xico_Connect" title="Aeroméxico Connect">Aeroméxico Connect</a>, <a href="/wiki/Magnicharters" title="Magnicharters">Magnicharters</a> and <a href="/wiki/VivaAerob%C3%BAs" class="mw-redirect" title="VivaAerobús">VivaAerobús</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Trade">Trade</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cuba%E2%80%93Mexico_relations&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Trade"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2023, trade between Cuba and Mexico totaled $279 million.<sup id="cite_ref-Trade_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Trade-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cuba's main exports to Mexico include: rum; cigars; plates; sheets; household goods; malt beer; canary birds; books; and aviation engines. Mexico's main exports to Cuba include: milk powder and tablets; fats and oils; aluminum caps; water; fertilizers of animal or plant origin; shampoos; and malt beer.<sup id="cite_ref-Trade_50-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Trade-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mexican multinational companies <a href="/wiki/Cemex" title="Cemex">Cemex</a> and Grupo Altex operate in Cuba. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Embajada_de_Cuba_en_la_Ciudad_de_M%C3%A9xico_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Embajada_de_Cuba_en_la_Ciudad_de_M%C3%A9xico_1.jpg/220px-Embajada_de_Cuba_en_la_Ciudad_de_M%C3%A9xico_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Embajada_de_Cuba_en_la_Ciudad_de_M%C3%A9xico_1.jpg/330px-Embajada_de_Cuba_en_la_Ciudad_de_M%C3%A9xico_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Embajada_de_Cuba_en_la_Ciudad_de_M%C3%A9xico_1.jpg/440px-Embajada_de_Cuba_en_la_Ciudad_de_M%C3%A9xico_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a><figcaption>Embassy of Cuba in Mexico City</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Resident_diplomatic_missions">Resident diplomatic missions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cuba%E2%80%93Mexico_relations&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Resident diplomatic missions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Cuba has an embassy in <a href="/wiki/Mexico_City" title="Mexico City">Mexico City</a> and consulates-general in <a href="/wiki/Canc%C3%BAn" title="Cancún">Cancún</a>, <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9rida,_Yucat%C3%A1n" title="Mérida, Yucatán">Mérida</a>, <a href="/wiki/Monterrey" title="Monterrey">Monterrey</a> and <a href="/wiki/Veracruz_(city)" title="Veracruz (city)">Veracruz City</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Mexico has an embassy and a consulate-general in <a href="/wiki/Havana" title="Havana">Havana</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cuba%E2%80%93Mexico_relations&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Centro_Cultural_Jos%C3%A9_Mart%C3%AD" title="Centro Cultural José Martí">Centro Cultural José Martí</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuban_Mexicans" title="Cuban Mexicans">Cuban Mexicans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexican_immigration_to_Cuba" title="Mexican immigration to Cuba">Mexican immigration to Cuba</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cuba%E2%80%93Mexico_relations&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Senado-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Senado_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Senado_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.senado.gob.mx/65/gaceta_comision_permanente/documento/84949">Gaceta del Senado: Cuba (in Spanish)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210603010122/https://www.senado.gob.mx/BMO/index_htm_files/2_marti_en_mexico_distribucion.pdf">"Martí en México (in Spanish)"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.senado.gob.mx/BMO/index_htm_files/2_marti_en_mexico_distribucion.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2021-06-03<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-04-08</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mart%C3%AD+en+M%C3%A9xico+%28in+Spanish%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.senado.gob.mx%2FBMO%2Findex_htm_files%2F2_marti_en_mexico_distribucion.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACuba%E2%80%93Mexico+relations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOrozcoOrozco1996" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Orozco, Fernando; Orozco, Orozco Linares L. (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=qHKohGnmyeAC&q=inglaterra+reconoce+la+independencia+de+m%C3%A9xico+en+1826&pg=PA115"><i>Fechas históricas de México</i></a> (in Spanish). Panorama Editorial. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-9683802958" title="Special:BookSources/978-9683802958"><bdi>978-9683802958</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Fechas+hist%C3%B3ricas+de+M%C3%A9xico&rft.pub=Panorama+Editorial&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=978-9683802958&rft.aulast=Orozco&rft.aufirst=Fernando&rft.au=Orozco%2C+Orozco+Linares+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DqHKohGnmyeAC%26q%3Dinglaterra%2Breconoce%2Bla%2Bindependencia%2Bde%2Bm%25C3%25A9xico%2Ben%2B1826%26pg%3DPA115&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACuba%E2%80%93Mexico+relations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCabrieles2010" class="citation web cs1">Cabrieles, Leticia Rivera (2010-08-21). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cesnav.edu.mx/foro/Historia/siglo_xix/pdf/CONSOLIDACION_DE_LA_INDEPENDENCIA.pdf">"LA CONSOLIDACIÓN DE LA INDEPENDENCIA NACIONAL"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100821063435/http://www.cesnav.edu.mx/foro/Historia/siglo_xix/pdf/CONSOLIDACION_DE_LA_INDEPENDENCIA.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2010-08-21<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-01-29</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=LA+CONSOLIDACI%C3%93N+DE+LA+INDEPENDENCIA+NACIONAL&rft.date=2010-08-21&rft.aulast=Cabrieles&rft.aufirst=Leticia+Rivera&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cesnav.edu.mx%2Fforo%2FHistoria%2Fsiglo_xix%2Fpdf%2FCONSOLIDACION_DE_LA_INDEPENDENCIA.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACuba%E2%80%93Mexico+relations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOrozcoL1996" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Orozco, Fernando; L, Orozco Linares Orozco (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=qHKohGnmyeAC&q=inglaterra+reconoce+la+independencia+de+m%C3%A9xico+en+1826&pg=PA115"><i>Fechas históricas de México: las efemérides más destacadas desde la época prehispánica hasta nuestros días</i></a> (in Spanish). Panorama Editorial. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-968-38-0295-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-968-38-0295-8"><bdi>978-968-38-0295-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Fechas+hist%C3%B3ricas+de+M%C3%A9xico%3A+las+efem%C3%A9rides+m%C3%A1s+destacadas+desde+la+%C3%A9poca+prehisp%C3%A1nica+hasta+nuestros+d%C3%ADas&rft.pub=Panorama+Editorial&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=978-968-38-0295-8&rft.aulast=Orozco&rft.aufirst=Fernando&rft.au=L%2C+Orozco+Linares+Orozco&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DqHKohGnmyeAC%26q%3Dinglaterra%2Breconoce%2Bla%2Bindependencia%2Bde%2Bm%25C3%25A9xico%2Ben%2B1826%26pg%3DPA115&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACuba%E2%80%93Mexico+relations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20031211065001/http://www.semar.gob.mx:80/historia/barcos.htm#guerrero">"Secretaria de Marina – Armada de México"</a>. 2003-12-11. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.semar.gob.mx:80/historia/barcos.htm#guerrero">the original</a> on 2003-12-11<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-01-29</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Secretaria+de+Marina+%E2%80%93+Armada+de+M%C3%A9xico&rft.date=2003-12-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.semar.gob.mx%3A80%2Fhistoria%2Fbarcos.htm%23guerrero&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACuba%E2%80%93Mexico+relations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFViele1996" class="citation book cs1">Viele, John (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=smjanoaVdsIC&dq=Mexican+brig+Guerrero&pg=PA115"><i>The Florida Keys</i></a>. Pineapple Press Inc. p. 115. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-56164-179-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-56164-179-6"><bdi>978-1-56164-179-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Florida+Keys&rft.pages=115&rft.pub=Pineapple+Press+Inc&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=978-1-56164-179-6&rft.aulast=Viele&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DsmjanoaVdsIC%26dq%3DMexican%2Bbrig%2BGuerrero%26pg%3DPA115&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACuba%E2%80%93Mexico+relations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWiggins2019" class="citation book cs1">Wiggins, Kennard R. Jr. (2019-01-21). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=yEWEDwAAQBAJ&dq=Battle+of+Mariel+on+February+10,+1828&pg=PA104"><i>America's Anchor: A Naval History of the Delaware River and Bay, Cradle of the United States Navy</i></a>. McFarland. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4766-7197-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4766-7197-0"><bdi>978-1-4766-7197-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=America%27s+Anchor%3A+A+Naval+History+of+the+Delaware+River+and+Bay%2C+Cradle+of+the+United+States+Navy&rft.pub=McFarland&rft.date=2019-01-21&rft.isbn=978-1-4766-7197-0&rft.aulast=Wiggins&rft.aufirst=Kennard+R.+Jr.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DyEWEDwAAQBAJ%26dq%3DBattle%2Bof%2BMariel%2Bon%2BFebruary%2B10%2C%2B1828%26pg%3DPA104&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACuba%E2%80%93Mexico+relations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:1_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">David Guerrero Flores, Emma Paula Ruiz Ham (2012) <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://inehrm.gob.mx/work/models/inehrm/Resource/437/1/images/el_pais_en%20formacion.pdf">El país en formación Cronología</a></i> (1821–1854), Instituto Nacional de Estudios Históricos de las Revoluciones de México. pp. 54.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Paterson et al., American Foreign Relations, Volume 2: A History (Boston: Wadsworth, Cengage Learning, 2010), 43.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-overview-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-overview_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-overview_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-overview_11-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">"Cuba Overview." 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Academic Search Premier, (accessed November 3, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://ezproxy2.library.colostate.edu:2073/ehost/detail?sid=40af60c7-4e6c4afe8e1a8279434c109b%40sessionmgr15&vid=1&hid=24&bdata=JkF1dGhUeXBlPWNvb2tpZSxpcCx1cmwsY3BpZCZjdXN0aWQ9czQ2NDA3OTImc2l0ZT1laG9zdC1saXZl#db=aph&AN=90050152">[1]</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged July 2020">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sre.gob.mx/images/stories/docnormateca/manexte/embajadas/MOEMCuba.pdf">History of diplomatic relations between Mexico and Cuba (in Spanish)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Richard Corliss and James Poniewozik. 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Academic Search Premier, (accessed November 3, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://ezproxy2.library.colostate.edu:2073/ehost/detail?sid=16f711c4-91f0-4dfc-a14d-c45a5bf82b3f%40sessionmgr14&vid=2&hid=24&bdata=JkF1dGhUeXBlPWNvb2tpZSxpcCx1cmwsY3BpZCZjdXN0aWQ9czQ2NDA3OTImc2l0ZT1laG9zdC1saXZl#db=aph&AN=9348588">[2]</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged July 2020">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFStrayerReilly2009">Strayer & Reilly (2009)</a>, p. 661</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Joseph_171-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Joseph_171_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Joseph_171_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFJosephSpenser2008">Joseph & Spenser (2008)</a>, p. 171</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKennedy2012">Kennedy (2012)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFJosephSpenser2008">Joseph & Spenser (2008)</a>, p. 97</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDomínguezLindau1984">Domínguez & Lindau (1984)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBestHanhimakiMaioloSchulze2004">Best et al. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 3,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Cuba+tries+to+defuse+spat+with+Mexico+over+Castro&rft.date=1998-12-11&rft.au=Andrew+Cawthorne&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cubanet.org%2FCNews%2Fy98%2Fdec98%2F11e4.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACuba%E2%80%93Mexico+relations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Joseph_67-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Joseph_67_21-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Joseph_67_21-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Joseph_67_21-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFJosephSpenser2008">Joseph & Spenser (2008)</a>, p. 67</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kennedy-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Kennedy_22-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kennedy_22-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kennedy_22-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Kennedy, "Mexican Leftist Revolutionary Propaganda of the 1960s" (paper presented at the Rocky Mountain Council for Latin American Studies, Santa Fe, New Mexico, April 3–6, 2013).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-McCloskey-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-McCloskey_23-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-McCloskey_23-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcCloskey2009" class="citation web cs1">McCloskey, Kevin (April 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20131212231728/http://commonsense2.com/2009/04/americas-hidden-history/tgp-a-mexico-city-pilgrimage-draft">"TGP: A Mexico City Pilgrimage"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 20,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CBC+News&rft.atitle=Diplomatic+spat+heats+up+as+Mexico+boots+out+Cuban+ambassador&rft.date=2004-05-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbc.ca%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Fdiplomatic-spat-heats-up-as-mexico-boots-out-cuban-ambassador-1.476509&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACuba%E2%80%93Mexico+relations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Calderon-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Calderon_31-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Calderon_31-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/world_now/2012/04/mexico-cuba-president-calderon.html">"Mexico's President Calderon Pays First Official Visit to Cuba"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times" title="Los Angeles Times">Los Angeles Times</a></i>. April 11, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 3,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Mexico%27s+President+Calderon+Pays+First+Official+Visit+to+Cuba&rft.date=2012-04-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flatimesblogs.latimes.com%2Fworld_now%2F2012%2F04%2Fmexico-cuba-president-calderon.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACuba%E2%80%93Mexico+relations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Prensa Latina, "Felipe Calderon, Mexican President, Visits Cuba," <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yphv8zsV6L4">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yphv8zsV6L4</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.milenio.com/politica/presidente-de-cuba-llega-a-mexico">Díaz-Canel llega a México para toma de protesta de AMLO</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jornada.com.mx/ultimas/politica/2019/10/17/trataran-amlo-y-diaz-canel-energia-accesible-para-cuba-6286.html">Se reúnen AMLO y el presidente de Cuba, Miguel Díaz-Canel (in Spanish)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/world/americas/mexico-preparing-shipment-food-medicine-cuba-mexican-official-2021-07-22/">"Mexico readies navy ships to bring food, supplies to Cuba"</a>. <i>Reuters</i>. 2021-07-22<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-07-26</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Mexico+readies+navy+ships+to+bring+food%2C+supplies+to+Cuba&rft.date=2021-07-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Fworld%2Famericas%2Fmexico-preparing-shipment-food-medicine-cuba-mexican-official-2021-07-22%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACuba%E2%80%93Mexico+relations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://elpais.com/mexico/2021-09-16/mexico-reafirma-su-vinculo-especial-con-cuba-con-la-visita-de-diaz-canel-en-el-dia-de-la-independencia.html">México reafirma su ‘vínculo especial’ con Cuba con la visita de Díaz-Canel en el día de la Independencia (in Spanish)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://elpais.com/mexico/2022-05-08/lopez-obrador-condena-en-la-habana-el-embargo-de-eeuu-y-pide-a-cuba-que-la-revolucion-sea-capaz-de-renovarse.html">López Obrador condena en La Habana el embargo de EEUU y pide a Cuba que “la revolución sea capaz de renovarse” (in Spanish)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apnews.com/article/cuba-government-mexico-caribbean-fidel-castro-f319acea7c3b2cbca2eabfa01f46acc2">"Cuban president to get Mexico's highest medal for foreigners"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Associated_Press" title="Associated Press">Associated Press</a></i>. 10 February 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Associated+Press&rft.atitle=Cuban+president+to+get+Mexico%27s+highest+medal+for+foreigners&rft.date=2023-02-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapnews.com%2Farticle%2Fcuba-government-mexico-caribbean-fidel-castro-f319acea7c3b2cbca2eabfa01f46acc2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACuba%E2%80%93Mexico+relations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://elpais.com/mexico/2024-10-01/los-invitados-a-la-investidura-de-claudia-sheinbaum-como-presidenta-de-mexico-en-imagenes.html">Los invitados a la investidura de Claudia Sheinbaum como presidenta de México, en imágenes (in Spanish)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sre.gob.mx/images/stories/docnormateca/manexte/embajadas/MOEMCuba.pdf">History of diplomatic relations between Mexico and Cuba (in Spanish)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141224230906/http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/notas/483437.html">"Cronología: Relación México-Cuba, llena de altibajos (in Spanish)"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/notas/483437.html">the original</a> on 2014-12-24<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-04-10</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cronolog%C3%ADa%3A+Relaci%C3%B3n+M%C3%A9xico-Cuba%2C+llena+de+altibajos+%28in+Spanish%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eluniversal.com.mx%2Fnotas%2F483437.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACuba%E2%80%93Mexico+relations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mexico.cnn.com/nacional/2010/02/23/un-presidente-cubano-llega-a-mexico-a-8-anos-del-comes-y-te-vas-de-fox">Un presidente cubano en México tras 8 años del "comes y te vas" de Fox (in Spanish)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://internacional.elpais.com/internacional/2015/11/06/mexico/1446840234_797484.html">Castro: "La relación especial entre Cuba y México avanza" (in Spanish)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150405045757/http://zedillo.presidencia.gob.mx/pages/giras/gv-cub99.html">"IX Cumbre Iberoamericana en La Habana, Cuba (in Spanish)"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://zedillo.presidencia.gob.mx/pages/giras/gv-cub99.html">the original</a> on 2015-04-05<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-04-10</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=IX+Cumbre+Iberoamericana+en+La+Habana%2C+Cuba+%28in+Spanish%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fzedillo.presidencia.gob.mx%2Fpages%2Fgiras%2Fgv-cub99.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACuba%E2%80%93Mexico+relations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.diputados.gob.mx/sia/coord/pdf/coord-iss-16-04.pdf">Viajes realizados al extranjero por el ciudadano Vicente Fox Quesada (in Spanish)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mexico.cnn.com/nacional/2012/04/13/mexico-y-cuba-se-reacercan-tras-la-visita-del-presidente-calderon">México y Cuba se reacercan tras la visita del presidente Calderón (in Spanish)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.granma.cu/cuba/2016-06-23/llego-a-la-habana-el-presidente-mexicano-enrique-pena-nieto-23-06-2016-13-06-12">LLegó a La Habana el presidente mexicano Enrique Peña Nieto (in Spanish)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jornada.unam.mx/ultimas/2016/11/29/en-homenaje-a-fidel-pena-refrenda-amistad-de-mexico-con-cuba">En homenaje a Fidel, Peña refrenda amistad de México con Cuba (in Spanish)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cja.sre.gob.mx/tratadosmexico/buscador?keywords=&category_id=&theme_id=&country_id=38&organization_id=">Bilateral agreements between Mexico and Cuba (in Spanish)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Trade-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Trade_50-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Trade_50-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.economia.gob.mx/datamexico/en/profile/country/cuba?timeSelector=Year">Data México: Cuba</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://misiones.cubaminrex.cu/es/mexico/embajada-de-la-republica-de-cuba-en-los-estados-unidos-mexicanos">Embassy of Cuba in Mexico City (in Spanish)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://embamex.sre.gob.mx/cuba/">Embassy of Mexico in Havana (in Spanish)</a></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cuba%E2%80%93Mexico_relations&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 32em"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBestHanhimakiMaioloSchulze2004" class="citation book cs1">Best, Antony; Hanhimaki, Jussi; Maiolo, Joseph A.; Schulze, Kirsten E. 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University of Texas at Dallas.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adissertation&rft.title=Vivas+for+Kennedy%3A+John+F.+Kennedy%27s+1962+Presidential+Visit+to+Mexico+City&rft.degree=Master%27s&rft.inst=University+of+Texas+at+Dallas&rft.date=2012&rft.aulast=Kennedy&rft.aufirst=Courtney+Brianne&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACuba%E2%80%93Mexico+relations" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStrayerReilly2009" class="citation book cs1">Strayer, Robert W.; Reilly, Kevin (2009). <i>Ways of the World: a Brief Global History</i>. Boston, MA: Bedford/St. Martin's.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ways+of+the+World%3A+a+Brief+Global+History&rft.place=Boston%2C+MA&rft.pub=Bedford%2FSt.+Martin%27s&rft.date=2009&rft.aulast=Strayer&rft.aufirst=Robert+W.&rft.au=Reilly%2C+Kevin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACuba%E2%80%93Mexico+relations" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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.navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Cuba&#124;link=Cuba_Foreign_relations_of_Cuba" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Foreign_relations_of_Cuba" title="Template:Foreign relations of Cuba"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Foreign_relations_of_Cuba" title="Template talk:Foreign relations of Cuba"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Foreign_relations_of_Cuba" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Foreign relations of Cuba"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Cuba&#124;link=Cuba_Foreign_relations_of_Cuba" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba"><img alt="Cuba" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/46px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Cuba" title="Foreign relations of Cuba">Foreign relations of Cuba</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angola%E2%80%93Cuba_relations" title="Angola–Cuba relations">Angola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuba%E2%80%93Ethiopia_relations" title="Cuba–Ethiopia relations">Ethiopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuba%E2%80%93Kenya_relations" title="Cuba–Kenya relations">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuba%E2%80%93Namibia_relations" title="Cuba–Namibia relations">Namibia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuba%E2%80%93Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic_relations" title="Cuba–Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic relations">Sahrawi Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuba%E2%80%93South_Africa_relations" title="Cuba–South Africa relations">South Africa</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="9" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_Cuba.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of Cuba"><img alt="Coat of arms of Cuba" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Coat_of_arms_of_Cuba.svg/100px-Coat_of_arms_of_Cuba.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Coat_of_arms_of_Cuba.svg/150px-Coat_of_arms_of_Cuba.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Coat_of_arms_of_Cuba.svg/200px-Coat_of_arms_of_Cuba.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="900" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Americas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Argentina%E2%80%93Cuba_relations" title="Argentina–Cuba relations">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahamas%E2%80%93Cuba_relations" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahamas–Cuba relations">Bahamas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbados%E2%80%93Cuba_relations" title="Barbados–Cuba relations">Barbados</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolivia%E2%80%93Cuba_relations" title="Bolivia–Cuba relations">Bolivia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazil%E2%80%93Cuba_relations" title="Brazil–Cuba relations">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada%E2%80%93Cuba_relations" title="Canada–Cuba relations">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chile%E2%80%93Cuba_relations" title="Chile–Cuba relations">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colombia%E2%80%93Cuba_relations" title="Colombia–Cuba relations">Colombia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuba%E2%80%93Dominican_Republic_relations" title="Cuba–Dominican Republic relations">Dominican Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuba%E2%80%93Grenada_relations" title="Cuba–Grenada relations">Grenada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuba%E2%80%93Guatemala_relations" title="Cuba–Guatemala relations">Guatemala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuba%E2%80%93Haiti_relations" title="Cuba–Haiti relations">Haiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuba%E2%80%93Jamaica_relations" title="Cuba–Jamaica relations">Jamaica</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuba%E2%80%93Peru_relations" title="Cuba–Peru relations">Peru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuba%E2%80%93Suriname_relations" title="Cuba–Suriname relations">Suriname</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuba%E2%80%93Trinidad_and_Tobago_relations" title="Cuba–Trinidad and Tobago relations">Trinidad and Tobago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuba%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Cuba–United States relations">United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuba%E2%80%93Uruguay_relations" title="Cuba–Uruguay relations">Uruguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuba%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Cuba–Venezuela relations">Venezuela</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan%E2%80%93Cuba_relations" title="Azerbaijan–Cuba relations">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh%E2%80%93Cuba_relations" title="Bangladesh–Cuba relations">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China%E2%80%93Cuba_relations" title="China–Cuba relations">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuba%E2%80%93India_relations" title="Cuba–India relations">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuba%E2%80%93Indonesia_relations" title="Cuba–Indonesia relations">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuba%E2%80%93Iran_relations" title="Cuba–Iran relations">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuba%E2%80%93Iraq_relations" title="Cuba–Iraq relations">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuba%E2%80%93Israel_relations" title="Cuba–Israel relations">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuba%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Cuba–Japan relations">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuba%E2%80%93Malaysia_relations" title="Cuba–Malaysia relations">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuba%E2%80%93North_Korea_relations" title="Cuba–North Korea relations">North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuba%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Cuba–Pakistan relations">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuba%E2%80%93Palestine_relations" title="Cuba–Palestine relations">Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuba%E2%80%93Philippines_relations" title="Cuba–Philippines relations">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuba%E2%80%93South_Korea_relations" title="Cuba–South Korea relations">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuba%E2%80%93Sri_Lanka_relations" title="Cuba–Sri Lanka relations">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuba%E2%80%93Turkey_relations" title="Cuba–Turkey relations">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuba%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Cuba–Vietnam relations">Vietnam</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cuba%E2%80%93France_relations" title="Cuba–France relations">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuba%E2%80%93Germany_relations" title="Cuba–Germany relations">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuba%E2%80%93Greece_relations" title="Cuba–Greece relations">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuba%E2%80%93Holy_See_relations" title="Cuba–Holy See relations">Holy See</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuba%E2%80%93Ireland_relations" title="Cuba–Ireland relations">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuba%E2%80%93Kosovo_relations" title="Cuba–Kosovo relations">Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuba%E2%80%93Poland_relations" title="Cuba–Poland relations">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuba%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Cuba–Russia relations">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuba%E2%80%93Serbia_relations" title="Cuba–Serbia relations">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuba%E2%80%93Spain_relations" title="Cuba–Spain relations">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuba%E2%80%93United_Kingdom_relations" title="Cuba–United Kingdom relations">United Kingdom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Oceania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cuba%E2%80%93Kiribati_relations" title="Cuba–Kiribati relations">Kiribati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuba%E2%80%93Solomon_Islands_relations" title="Cuba–Solomon Islands relations">Solomon Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuba%E2%80%93Tuvalu_relations" title="Cuba–Tuvalu relations">Tuvalu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuba%E2%80%93Vanuatu_relations" title="Cuba–Vanuatu relations">Vanuatu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cuba%E2%80%93Soviet_Union_relations" title="Cuba–Soviet Union relations">Soviet Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuba%E2%80%93Yugoslavia_relations" title="Cuba–Yugoslavia relations">Yugoslavia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Multilateralism" title="Multilateralism">Multilateral</a> relations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Association_of_Caribbean_States" title="Association of Caribbean States">ACS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ALBA" title="ALBA">ALBA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caribbean_Community#CARICOM-Cuba_Day" title="Caribbean Community">Caribbean Community (CARICOM)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Community_of_Latin_American_and_Caribbean_States" title="Community of Latin American and Caribbean States">CELAC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuba%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Cuba–European Union relations">European Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuba%E2%80%93OAS_relations" title="Cuba–OAS relations">OAS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuba%E2%80%93Oceania_relations" title="Cuba–Oceania relations">Oceania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organization_of_Ibero-American_States" title="Organization of Ibero-American States">OEI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rio_Group" title="Rio Group">Rio Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Economic_Commission_for_Latin_America_and_the_Caribbean" title="United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean">UNECLAC</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Diplomatic missions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_of_Cuba" title="List of diplomatic missions of Cuba">Diplomatic missions of Cuba</a> / <a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_in_Cuba" title="List of diplomatic missions in Cuba">in Cuba</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Cuba)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Cuba)">Ministry of Foreign Affairs</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Cuba)" title="Minister of Foreign Affairs (Cuba)">Minister</a></li></ul></li> <li>Internationalism <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cuban_military_internationalism" title="Cuban military internationalism">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuban_medical_internationalism" title="Cuban medical internationalism">Medical</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_interventions_by_Cuba" title="Foreign interventions by Cuba">Foreign interventions</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cubaminrex.cu">Cuban Ministry of Foreign Affairs</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Mexico&#124;link=Mexico_Foreign_relations_of_Mexico" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Foreign_relations_of_Mexico" title="Template:Foreign relations of Mexico"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Foreign_relations_of_Mexico" title="Template talk:Foreign relations of Mexico"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Foreign_relations_of_Mexico" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Foreign relations of Mexico"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Mexico&#124;link=Mexico_Foreign_relations_of_Mexico" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico"><img alt="Mexico" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/46px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="980" data-file-height="560" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Mexico" title="Foreign relations of Mexico">Foreign relations of Mexico</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Bilateral_relations" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Bilateralism" title="Bilateralism">Bilateral</a> relations</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Algeria%E2%80%93Mexico_relations" title="Algeria–Mexico relations">Algeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angola%E2%80%93Mexico_relations" title="Angola–Mexico relations">Angola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chad%E2%80%93Mexico_relations" title="Chad–Mexico relations">Chad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo%E2%80%93Mexico_relations" title="Democratic Republic of the Congo–Mexico relations">Democratic Republic of the Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt%E2%80%93Mexico_relations" title="Egypt–Mexico relations">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Equatorial_Guinea%E2%80%93Mexico_relations" title="Equatorial Guinea–Mexico relations">Equatorial Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopia%E2%80%93Mexico_relations" title="Ethiopia–Mexico relations">Ethiopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghana%E2%80%93Mexico_relations" title="Ghana–Mexico relations">Ghana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivory_Coast%E2%80%93Mexico_relations" title="Ivory Coast–Mexico relations">Ivory Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenya%E2%80%93Mexico_relations" title="Kenya–Mexico relations">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libya%E2%80%93Mexico_relations" title="Libya–Mexico relations">Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93Morocco_relations" title="Mexico–Morocco relations">Morocco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93Mozambique_relations" title="Mexico–Mozambique relations">Mozambique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93Namibia_relations" title="Mexico–Namibia relations">Namibia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93Nigeria_relations" title="Mexico–Nigeria relations">Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic_relations" title="Mexico–Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic relations">Sahrawi Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93Senegal_relations" title="Mexico–Senegal relations">Senegal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93South_Africa_relations" title="Mexico–South Africa relations">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93Tanzania_relations" title="Mexico–Tanzania relations">Tanzania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93Tunisia_relations" title="Mexico–Tunisia relations">Tunisia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93Uganda_relations" title="Mexico–Uganda relations">Uganda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93Zimbabwe_relations" title="Mexico–Zimbabwe relations">Zimbabwe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Americas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antigua_and_Barbuda%E2%80%93Mexico_relations" title="Antigua and Barbuda–Mexico relations">Antigua and Barbuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argentina%E2%80%93Mexico_relations" title="Argentina–Mexico relations">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahamas%E2%80%93Mexico_relations" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahamas–Mexico relations">Bahamas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbados%E2%80%93Mexico_relations" title="Barbados–Mexico relations">Barbados</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belize%E2%80%93Mexico_relations" title="Belize–Mexico relations">Belize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolivia%E2%80%93Mexico_relations" title="Bolivia–Mexico relations">Bolivia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazil%E2%80%93Mexico_relations" title="Brazil–Mexico relations">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada%E2%80%93Mexico_relations" title="Canada–Mexico relations">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chile%E2%80%93Mexico_relations" title="Chile–Mexico relations">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colombia%E2%80%93Mexico_relations" title="Colombia–Mexico relations">Colombia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Costa_Rica%E2%80%93Mexico_relations" title="Costa Rica–Mexico relations">Costa Rica</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominica%E2%80%93Mexico_relations" title="Dominica–Mexico relations">Dominica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominican_Republic%E2%80%93Mexico_relations" title="Dominican Republic–Mexico relations">Dominican Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecuador%E2%80%93Mexico_relations" title="Ecuador–Mexico relations">Ecuador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Salvador%E2%80%93Mexico_relations" title="El Salvador–Mexico relations">El Salvador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grenada%E2%80%93Mexico_relations" title="Grenada–Mexico relations">Grenada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guatemala%E2%80%93Mexico_relations" title="Guatemala–Mexico relations">Guatemala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guyana%E2%80%93Mexico_relations" title="Guyana–Mexico relations">Guyana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haiti%E2%80%93Mexico_relations" title="Haiti–Mexico relations">Haiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honduras%E2%80%93Mexico_relations" title="Honduras–Mexico relations">Honduras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamaica%E2%80%93Mexico_relations" title="Jamaica–Mexico relations">Jamaica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93Nicaragua_relations" title="Mexico–Nicaragua relations">Nicaragua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93Panama_relations" title="Mexico–Panama relations">Panama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93Paraguay_relations" title="Mexico–Paraguay relations">Paraguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93Peru_relations" title="Mexico–Peru relations">Peru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis_relations" title="Mexico–Saint Kitts and Nevis relations">Saint Kitts and Nevis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93Saint_Lucia_relations" title="Mexico–Saint Lucia relations">Saint Lucia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines_relations" title="Mexico–Saint Vincent and the Grenadines relations">Saint Vincent and the Grenadines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93Suriname_relations" title="Mexico–Suriname relations">Suriname</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93Trinidad_and_Tobago_relations" title="Mexico–Trinidad and Tobago relations">Trinidad and Tobago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Mexico–United States relations">United States</a> <i>(<a href="/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93Republic_of_Texas_relations" title="Mexico–Republic of Texas relations">Texas</a>)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93Uruguay_relations" title="Mexico–Uruguay relations">Uruguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Mexico–Venezuela relations">Venezuela</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afghanistan%E2%80%93Mexico_relations" title="Afghanistan–Mexico relations">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenia%E2%80%93Mexico_relations" title="Armenia–Mexico relations">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan%E2%80%93Mexico_relations" title="Azerbaijan–Mexico relations">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh%E2%80%93Mexico_relations" title="Bangladesh–Mexico relations">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China%E2%80%93Mexico_relations" title="China–Mexico relations">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Timor%E2%80%93Mexico_relations" title="East Timor–Mexico relations">East Timor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgia%E2%80%93Mexico_relations" title="Georgia–Mexico relations">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Mexico_relations" title="India–Mexico relations">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesia%E2%80%93Mexico_relations" title="Indonesia–Mexico relations">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93Mexico_relations" title="Iran–Mexico relations">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraq%E2%80%93Mexico_relations" title="Iraq–Mexico relations">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Mexico_relations" title="Israel–Mexico relations">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Mexico_relations" title="Japan–Mexico relations">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jordan%E2%80%93Mexico_relations" title="Jordan–Mexico relations">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan%E2%80%93Mexico_relations" title="Kazakhstan–Mexico relations">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93North_Korea_relations" title="Mexico–North Korea relations">North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93South_Korea_relations" title="Mexico–South Korea relations">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuwait%E2%80%93Mexico_relations" title="Kuwait–Mexico relations">Kuwait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lebanon%E2%80%93Mexico_relations" title="Lebanon–Mexico relations">Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysia%E2%80%93Mexico_relations" title="Malaysia–Mexico relations">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93Mongolia_relations" title="Mexico–Mongolia relations">Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93Oman_relations" title="Mexico–Oman relations">Oman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Mexico–Pakistan relations">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93Palestine_relations" title="Mexico–Palestine relations">Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93Philippines_relations" title="Mexico–Philippines relations">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93Qatar_relations" title="Mexico–Qatar relations">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93Saudi_Arabia_relations" title="Mexico–Saudi Arabia relations">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93Singapore_relations" title="Mexico–Singapore relations">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93Sri_Lanka_relations" title="Mexico–Sri Lanka relations">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93Syria_relations" title="Mexico–Syria relations">Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Mexico–Taiwan relations">Taiwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93Thailand_relations" title="Mexico–Thailand relations">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93Turkey_relations" title="Mexico–Turkey relations">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93United_Arab_Emirates_relations" title="Mexico–United Arab Emirates relations">United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Mexico–Vietnam relations">Vietnam</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albania%E2%80%93Mexico_relations" title="Albania–Mexico relations">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andorra%E2%80%93Mexico_relations" title="Andorra–Mexico relations">Andorra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austria%E2%80%93Mexico_relations" title="Austria–Mexico relations">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belarus%E2%80%93Mexico_relations" title="Belarus–Mexico relations">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belgium%E2%80%93Mexico_relations" title="Belgium–Mexico relations">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria%E2%80%93Mexico_relations" title="Bulgaria–Mexico relations">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatia%E2%80%93Mexico_relations" title="Croatia–Mexico relations">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyprus%E2%80%93Mexico_relations" title="Cyprus–Mexico relations">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic%E2%80%93Mexico_relations" title="Czech Republic–Mexico relations">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denmark%E2%80%93Mexico_relations" title="Denmark–Mexico relations">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estonia%E2%80%93Mexico_relations" title="Estonia–Mexico relations">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finland%E2%80%93Mexico_relations" title="Finland–Mexico relations">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/France%E2%80%93Mexico_relations" title="France–Mexico relations">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germany%E2%80%93Mexico_relations" title="Germany–Mexico relations">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greece%E2%80%93Mexico_relations" title="Greece–Mexico relations">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_See%E2%80%93Mexico_relations" title="Holy See–Mexico relations">Holy See</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungary%E2%80%93Mexico_relations" title="Hungary–Mexico relations">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iceland%E2%80%93Mexico_relations" title="Iceland–Mexico relations">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ireland%E2%80%93Mexico_relations" title="Ireland–Mexico relations">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italy%E2%80%93Mexico_relations" title="Italy–Mexico relations">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latvia%E2%80%93Mexico_relations" title="Latvia–Mexico relations">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithuania%E2%80%93Mexico_relations" title="Lithuania–Mexico relations">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luxembourg%E2%80%93Mexico_relations" title="Luxembourg–Mexico relations">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93Monaco_relations" title="Mexico–Monaco relations">Monaco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93Netherlands_relations" title="Mexico–Netherlands relations">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93Norway_relations" title="Mexico–Norway relations">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93Poland_relations" title="Mexico–Poland relations">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93Portugal_relations" title="Mexico–Portugal relations">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93Romania_relations" title="Mexico–Romania relations">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Mexico–Russia relations">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93Serbia_relations" title="Mexico–Serbia relations">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93Slovakia_relations" title="Mexico–Slovakia relations">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93Slovenia_relations" title="Mexico–Slovenia relations">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93Spain_relations" title="Mexico–Spain relations">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93Sweden_relations" title="Mexico–Sweden relations">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93Switzerland_relations" title="Mexico–Switzerland relations">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93Ukraine_relations" title="Mexico–Ukraine relations">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93United_Kingdom_relations" title="Mexico–United Kingdom relations">United Kingdom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Oceania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australia%E2%80%93Mexico_relations" title="Australia–Mexico relations">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiji%E2%80%93Mexico_relations" title="Fiji–Mexico relations">Fiji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93New_Zealand_relations" title="Mexico–New Zealand relations">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93Papua_New_Guinea_relations" title="Mexico–Papua New Guinea relations">Papua New Guinea</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93Yugoslavia_relations" title="Mexico–Yugoslavia relations">Yugoslavia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_Mexico.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of Mexico"><img alt="Coat of arms of Mexico" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Coat_of_arms_of_Mexico.svg/80px-Coat_of_arms_of_Mexico.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="73" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Coat_of_arms_of_Mexico.svg/120px-Coat_of_arms_of_Mexico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Coat_of_arms_of_Mexico.svg/160px-Coat_of_arms_of_Mexico.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="579" data-file-height="525" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Multilateral_relations" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Multilateralism" title="Multilateralism">Multilateral</a> relations</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Uniting_for_Consensus" title="Uniting for Consensus">Coffee Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Mexico–European Union relations">European Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G20" title="G20">G20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico_and_the_International_Monetary_Fund" title="Mexico and the International Monetary Fund">IMF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newly_industrialized_country" title="Newly industrialized country">NIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Permanent_Mission_of_Mexico_to_the_Organization_of_American_States" title="Permanent Mission of Mexico to the Organization of American States">OAS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organization_of_Ibero-American_States" title="Organization of Ibero-American States">OEI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OECD" title="OECD">OECD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rio_Group" title="Rio Group">Rio Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico_and_the_United_Nations" title="Mexico and the United Nations">United Nations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Economic_Commission_for_Latin_America_and_the_Caribbean" title="United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean">UNECLAC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States%E2%80%93Mexico%E2%80%93Canada_Agreement" title="United States–Mexico–Canada Agreement">USMCA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico_and_the_World_Bank" title="Mexico and the World Bank">World Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colorado_river_dispute" class="mw-redirect" title="Colorado river dispute">Colorado river dispute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rio_Grande_border_disputes" title="Rio Grande border disputes">Rio Grande border disputes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Diplomacy" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Diplomacy</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Secretariat_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Mexico)" title="Secretariat of Foreign Affairs (Mexico)">Ministry of Foreign Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_of_Mexico" title="List of diplomatic missions of Mexico">Diplomatic missions of</a> / <a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_in_Mexico" title="List of diplomatic missions in Mexico">in Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexican_diaspora" class="mw-redirect" title="Mexican diaspora">Mexican diaspora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casta%C3%B1eda_Doctrine" title="Castañeda Doctrine">Castañeda Doctrine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estrada_Doctrine" title="Estrada Doctrine">Estrada Doctrine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visa_policy_of_Mexico" title="Visa policy of Mexico">Visa policy of Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visa_requirements_for_Mexican_citizens" title="Visa requirements for Mexican citizens">Visa requirements for Mexican citizens</a></li></ul> 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