Data from Information Repositories: Messaging Applications, Sub-technique T1213.005 - Enterprise

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(2022, September 19). Grand Theft Auto 6 leak: who hacked Rockstar and what was stolen?. Retrieved August 30, 2024."data-reference="Guardian Grand Theft Auto Leak 2022"><sup><a href="https://www.theguardian.com/games/2022/sep/19/grand-theft-auto-6-leak-who-hacked-rockstar-and-what-was-stolen" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="0" aria-describedby="qtip-0">[1]</a></sup></span></li><li>Discussions about ongoing incident response efforts<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-2') id="scite-ref-2-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Joe Uchill. (2021, December 3). Ragnar Locker reminds breach victims it can read the on-network incident response chat rooms. Retrieved August 30, 2024."data-reference="SC Magazine Ragnar Locker 2021"><sup><a href="https://www.scmagazine.com/analysis/ragnar-locker-reminds-breach-victims-it-can-read-the-on-network-incident-response-chat-rooms" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="1" aria-describedby="qtip-1">[2]</a></sup></span><span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-3') id="scite-ref-3-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Microsoft. (2022, March 22). DEV-0537 criminal actor targeting organizations for data exfiltration and destruction. Retrieved March 23, 2022."data-reference="Microsoft DEV-0537"><sup><a href="https://www.microsoft.com/security/blog/2022/03/22/dev-0537-criminal-actor-targeting-organizations-for-data-exfiltration-and-destruction/" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="2" aria-describedby="qtip-2">[3]</a></sup></span></li></ul><p>In addition to exfiltrating data from messaging applications, adversaries may leverage data from chat messages in order to improve their targeting - for example, by learning more about an environment or evading ongoing incident response efforts.<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-4') id="scite-ref-4-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title=" Jim Walter. (2024, July 16). NullBulge | Threat Actor Masquerades as Hacktivist Group Rebelling Against AI. Retrieved August 30, 2024."data-reference="Sentinel Labs NullBulge 2024"><sup><a href="https://www.sentinelone.com/labs/nullbulge-threat-actor-masquerades-as-hacktivist-group-rebelling-against-ai/" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="3" aria-describedby="qtip-3">[4]</a></sup></span><span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-5') id="scite-ref-5-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Ian Ahl. (2023, September 20). LUCR-3: SCATTERED SPIDER GETTING SAAS-Y IN THE CLOUD. Retrieved September 25, 2023."data-reference="Permiso Scattered Spider 2023"><sup><a href="https://permiso.io/blog/lucr-3-scattered-spider-getting-saas-y-in-the-cloud" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="4" aria-describedby="qtip-4">[5]</a></sup></span></p> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-4"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"> <div class="row card-data" id="card-id"> <div class="col-md-1 px-0 text-center"></div> <div class="col-md-11 pl-0"> <span class="h5 card-title">ID: </span>T1213.005 </div> </div>  <div class="row card-data"> <div class="col-md-1 px-0 text-center"></div> <div class="col-md-11 pl-0"> <span class="h5 card-title">Sub-technique of: </span> <a href="/techniques/T1213">T1213</a> </div> </div>  <div id="card-tactics" class="row card-data"> <div class="col-md-1 px-0 text-center"> <span data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="left" title="" data-test-ignore="true" data-original-title="The tactic objectives that the (sub-)technique can be used to accomplish">ⓘ</span> </div> <div class="col-md-11 pl-0"> <span class="h5 card-title">Tactic:</span> <a href="/tactics/TA0009">Collection</a> </div> </div> <div class="row card-data"> <div class="col-md-1 px-0 text-center"> <span data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="left" title="" data-test-ignore="true" data-original-title="The system an adversary is operating within; could be an operating system or application">ⓘ</span> </div> <div class="col-md-11 pl-0"> <span class="h5 card-title">Platforms: </span>Office Suite, SaaS </div> </div> <div class="row card-data"> <div class="col-md-1 px-0 text-center"></div> <div class="col-md-11 pl-0"> <span class="h5 card-title">Contributors: </span>Menachem Goldstein; Obsidian Security </div> </div> <div class="row card-data"> <div class="col-md-1 px-0 text-center"></div> <div class="col-md-11 pl-0"> <span class="h5 card-title">Version: </span>1.0 </div> </div> <div class="row card-data"> <div class="col-md-1 px-0 text-center"></div> <div class="col-md-11 pl-0"> <span class="h5 card-title">Created: </span>30 August 2024 </div> </div> <div class="row card-data"> <div class="col-md-1 px-0 text-center"></div> <div class="col-md-11 pl-0"> <span class="h5 card-title">Last Modified: </span>16 October 2024 </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="text-center pt-2 version-button live"> <div class="live"> <a data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Permalink to this version of T1213.005" href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1213/005/" data-test-ignore="true">Version Permalink</a> </div> <div class="permalink"> <a data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Go to the live version of T1213.005" href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1213/005/" data-test-ignore="true">Live Version</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <h2 class="pt-3" id ="examples">Procedure Examples</h2> <div class="tables-mobile"> <table class="table table-bordered table-alternate mt-2"> <thead> <tr> <th scope="col">ID</th> <th scope="col">Name</th> <th scope="col">Description</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td> <a href="/groups/G0117"> G0117 </a> </td> <td> <a href="/groups/G0117"> Fox Kitten </a> </td> <td> <p><a href="/groups/G0117">Fox Kitten</a> has accessed victim security and IT environments and Microsoft Teams to mine valuable information.<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-6') id="scite-ref-6-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="CISA. (2020, September 15). Iran-Based Threat Actor Exploits VPN Vulnerabilities. Retrieved December 21, 2020."data-reference="CISA AA20-259A Iran-Based Actor September 2020"><sup><a href="https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ncas/alerts/aa20-259a" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="5" aria-describedby="qtip-5">[6]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="/groups/G1004"> G1004 </a> </td> <td> <a href="/groups/G1004"> LAPSUS$ </a> </td> <td> <p><a href="/groups/G1004">LAPSUS$</a> has searched a victim's network for organization collaboration channels like MS Teams or Slack to discover further high-privilege account credentials.<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-7') id="scite-ref-7-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="MSTIC, DART, M365 Defender. (2022, March 24). DEV-0537 Criminal Actor Targeting Organizations for Data Exfiltration and Destruction. Retrieved May 17, 2022."data-reference="MSTIC DEV-0537 Mar 2022"><sup><a href="https://www.microsoft.com/security/blog/2022/03/22/dev-0537-criminal-actor-targeting-organizations-for-data-exfiltration-and-destruction/" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="6" aria-describedby="qtip-6">[7]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="/groups/G1015"> G1015 </a> </td> <td> <a href="/groups/G1015"> Scattered Spider </a> </td> <td> <p><a href="/groups/G1015">Scattered Spider</a> threat actors search the victim鈥檚 Slack and Microsoft Teams for conversations about the intrusion and incident response.<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-8') id="scite-ref-8-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="CISA. (2023, November 16). Cybersecurity Advisory: Scattered Spider (AA23-320A). Retrieved March 18, 2024."data-reference="CISA Scattered Spider Advisory November 2023"><sup><a href="https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/cybersecurity-advisories/aa23-320a" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="7" aria-describedby="qtip-7">[8]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <h2 class="pt-3" id ="mitigations">Mitigations</h2> <div class="tables-mobile"> <table class="table table-bordered table-alternate mt-2"> <thead> <tr> <th scope="col">ID</th> <th scope="col">Mitigation</th> <th scope="col">Description</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td> <a href="/mitigations/M1047"> M1047 </a> </td> <td> <a href="/mitigations/M1047"> Audit </a> </td> <td> <p>Preemptively search through communication services to find inappropriately shared data, and take actions to reduce exposure when found. </p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="/mitigations/M1060"> M1060 </a> </td> <td> <a href="/mitigations/M1060"> Out-of-Band Communications Channel </a> </td> <td> <p>Implement secure out-of-band communication channels to use as an alternative to in-network chat applications during a security incident. This ensures that critical communications remain secure even if primary messaging channels are compromised by adversaries.<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-9') id="scite-ref-9-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Tyler Hudak. (2022, December 29). To OOB, or Not to OOB?: Why Out-of-Band Communications are Essential for Incident Response. Retrieved August 30, 2024."data-reference="TrustedSec OOB Communications"><sup><a href="https://trustedsec.com/blog/to-oob-or-not-to-oob-why-out-of-band-communications-are-essential-for-incident-response" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="8" aria-describedby="qtip-8">[9]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="/mitigations/M1017"> M1017 </a> </td> <td> <a href="/mitigations/M1017"> User Training </a> </td> <td> <p>Develop and publish policies that define acceptable information to be posted in chat applications. </p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <h2 class="pt-3" id="detection">Detection</h2> <div class="tables-mobile"> <table class="table datasources-table table-bordered"> <thead> <tr> <th class="p-2" scope="col">ID</th> <th class="p-2 nowrap" scope="col">Data Source</th> <th class="p-2 nowrap" scope="col">Data Component</th> <th class="p-2" scope="col">Detects</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr class="datasource" id="uses-DS0015"> <td> <a href="/datasources/DS0015">DS0015</a> </td> <td class="nowrap"> <a href="/datasources/DS0015">Application Log</a> </td>  <td> <a href="/datasources/DS0015/#Application%20Log%20Content">Application Log Content</a> </td> <td> <p>Monitor for third-party application logging, messaging, and/or other artifacts that may leverage code repositories to collect valuable information. Monitor access to messaging applications, especially performed by privileged users such as Active Directory Domain or Enterprise Administrators as these types of accounts should generally not be used to access messaging applications. In environments with high-maturity, it may be possible to leverage User-Behavioral Analytics (UBA) platforms to detect and alert on user-based anomalies. </p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <h2 class="pt-3" id="references">References</h2> <div class="row"> <div class="col"> <ol> <li> <span id="scite-1" class="scite-citation"> <span class="scite-citation-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" name="scite-1" href="https://www.theguardian.com/games/2022/sep/19/grand-theft-auto-6-leak-who-hacked-rockstar-and-what-was-stolen" target="_blank"> Keza MacDonald, Keith Stuart and Alex Hern. (2022, September 19). Grand Theft Auto 6 leak: who hacked Rockstar and what was stolen?. Retrieved August 30, 2024. </a> </span> </span> </li> <li> <span id="scite-2" class="scite-citation"> <span class="scite-citation-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" name="scite-2" href="https://www.scmagazine.com/analysis/ragnar-locker-reminds-breach-victims-it-can-read-the-on-network-incident-response-chat-rooms" target="_blank"> Joe Uchill. (2021, December 3). Ragnar Locker reminds breach victims it can read the on-network incident response chat rooms. Retrieved August 30, 2024. </a> </span> </span> </li> <li> <span id="scite-3" class="scite-citation"> <span class="scite-citation-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" name="scite-3" href="https://www.microsoft.com/security/blog/2022/03/22/dev-0537-criminal-actor-targeting-organizations-for-data-exfiltration-and-destruction/" target="_blank"> Microsoft. (2022, March 22). DEV-0537 criminal actor targeting organizations for data exfiltration and destruction. Retrieved March 23, 2022. </a> </span> </span> </li> <li> <span id="scite-4" class="scite-citation"> <span class="scite-citation-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" name="scite-4" href="https://www.sentinelone.com/labs/nullbulge-threat-actor-masquerades-as-hacktivist-group-rebelling-against-ai/" target="_blank"> Jim Walter. (2024, July 16). NullBulge | Threat Actor Masquerades as Hacktivist Group Rebelling Against AI. Retrieved August 30, 2024. </a> </span> </span> </li> <li> <span id="scite-5" class="scite-citation"> <span class="scite-citation-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" name="scite-5" href="https://permiso.io/blog/lucr-3-scattered-spider-getting-saas-y-in-the-cloud" target="_blank"> Ian Ahl. (2023, September 20). LUCR-3: SCATTERED SPIDER GETTING SAAS-Y IN THE CLOUD. Retrieved September 25, 2023. </a> </span> </span> </li> </ol> </div> <div class="col"> <ol start="6.0"> <li> <span id="scite-6" class="scite-citation"> <span class="scite-citation-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" name="scite-6" href="https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ncas/alerts/aa20-259a" target="_blank"> CISA. (2020, September 15). Iran-Based Threat Actor Exploits VPN Vulnerabilities. Retrieved December 21, 2020. </a> </span> </span> </li> <li> <span id="scite-7" class="scite-citation"> <span class="scite-citation-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" name="scite-7" href="https://www.microsoft.com/security/blog/2022/03/22/dev-0537-criminal-actor-targeting-organizations-for-data-exfiltration-and-destruction/" target="_blank"> MSTIC, DART, M365 Defender. (2022, March 24). DEV-0537 Criminal Actor Targeting Organizations for Data Exfiltration and Destruction. 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