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cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><i>Oliver Twist</i> (1948 film)</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 21 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-21" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">21 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oliver_Twist_(pel%C2%B7l%C3%ADcula_de_1948)" title="Oliver Twist (pel·lícula de 1948) – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Oliver Twist (pel·lícula de 1948)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oliver_Twist_(1948)" title="Oliver Twist (1948) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Oliver Twist (1948)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%8C%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%B2%CE%B5%CF%81_%CE%A4%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%AF%CF%83%CF%84_(%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%B9%CE%BD%CE%AF%CE%B1,_1948)" title="Όλιβερ Τουίστ (ταινία, 1948) – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Όλιβερ Τουίστ (ταινία, 1948)" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oliver_Twist_(pel%C3%ADcula_de_1948)" title="Oliver Twist (película de 1948) – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Oliver Twist (película de 1948)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B1_%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%A6%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA_(%D9%81%DB%8C%D9%84%D9%85_%DB%B1%DB%B9%DB%B4%DB%B8)" title="الیور توئیست (فیلم ۱۹۴۸) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="الیور توئیست (فیلم ۱۹۴۸)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oliver_Twist_(film,_1948)" title="Oliver Twist (film, 1948) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Oliver Twist (film, 1948)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%98%AC%EB%A6%AC%EB%B2%84_%ED%8A%B8%EC%9C%84%EC%8A%A4%ED%8A%B8_(1948%EB%85%84_%EC%98%81%ED%99%94)" title="올리버 트위스트 (1948년 영화) – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="올리버 트위스트 (1948년 영화)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_avventure_di_Oliver_Twist_(film)" title="Le avventure di Oliver Twist (film) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Le avventure di Oliver Twist (film)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%91%D7%A8_%D7%98%D7%95%D7%95%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%98_(%D7%A1%D7%A8%D7%98,_1948)" title="אוליבר טוויסט (סרט, 1948) – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אוליבר טוויסט (סרט, 1948)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80_%D0%A2%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82_(%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BC_%D0%BE%D0%B4_1948)" title="Оливер Твист (филм од 1948) – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Оливер Твист (филм од 1948)" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oliver_Twist_(filem_1948)" title="Oliver Twist (filem 1948) – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Oliver Twist (filem 1948)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oliver_Twist_(1948)" title="Oliver Twist (1948) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Oliver Twist (1948)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%83%AA%E3%83%B4%E3%82%A1%E3%83%BB%E3%83%84%E3%82%A4%E3%82%B9%E3%83%88_(%E6%98%A0%E7%94%BB)" title="オリヴァ・ツイスト (映画) – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="オリヴァ・ツイスト (映画)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oliver_Twist_(film_1948)" title="Oliver Twist (film 1948) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Oliver Twist (film 1948)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oliver_Twist_(1948)" title="Oliver Twist (1948) – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Oliver Twist (1948)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oliver_Twist_(film_din_1948)" title="Oliver Twist (film din 1948) – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Oliver Twist (film din 1948)" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80_%D0%A2%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82_(%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BC,_1948)" title="Оливер Твист (фильм, 1948) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Оливер Твист (фильм, 1948)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oliver_Twist_(movie)" title="Oliver Twist (movie) – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Oliver Twist (movie)" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80_%D0%A2%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82_(%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BC_%D0%B8%D0%B7_1948)" title="Оливер Твист (филм из 1948) – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Оливер Твист (филм из 1948)" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oliver_Twist_(film,_1948)" title="Oliver Twist (film, 1948) – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Oliver Twist (film, 1948)" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oliver_Twist_(film,_1948)" title="Oliver Twist (film, 1948) – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Oliver Twist (film, 1948)" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q645752#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Twist_(1948_film)" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Oliver_Twist_(1948_film)" rel="discussion" 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class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">British film by David Lean</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above summary" style="font-size: 125%; font-style: italic;">Oliver Twist</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Oliver_Twist1948.movieposter.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e0/Oliver_Twist1948.movieposter.jpg/250px-Oliver_Twist1948.movieposter.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="331" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/e/e0/Oliver_Twist1948.movieposter.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="257" data-file-height="387" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Theatrical release poster</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Directed by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/David_Lean" title="David Lean">David Lean</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Written by</th><td class="infobox-data">David Lean<br /><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Haynes_(producer)" title="Stanley Haynes (producer)">Stanley Haynes</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Based on</th><td class="infobox-data"><i><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Twist" title="Oliver Twist">Oliver Twist</a></i> <br />1837 novel<br />by <a href="/wiki/Charles_Dickens" title="Charles Dickens">Charles Dickens</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Produced by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Neame" title="Ronald Neame">Ronald Neame</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Havelock-Allan" title="Anthony Havelock-Allan">Anthony Havelock-Allan</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Starring</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alec_Guinness" title="Alec Guinness">Alec Guinness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Newton" title="Robert Newton">Robert Newton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kay_Walsh" title="Kay Walsh">Kay Walsh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Howard_Davies" title="John Howard Davies">John Howard Davies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Newley" title="Anthony Newley">Anthony Newley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diana_Dors" title="Diana Dors">Diana Dors</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Cinematography</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Guy_Green_(filmmaker)" title="Guy Green (filmmaker)">Guy Green</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Edited by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Jack_Harris_(film_editor)" title="Jack Harris (film editor)">Jack Harris</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Music by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Arnold_Bax" title="Arnold Bax">Arnold Bax</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Production<br />company</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="vertical-align: middle;"><a href="/wiki/Cineguild" class="mw-redirect" title="Cineguild">Cineguild</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Distributed by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/General_Film_Distributors" title="General Film Distributors">General Film Distributors</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; white-space: normal;">Release date</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /><div class="plainlist film-date"> <ul><li>22 June 1948<span style="display: none;"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1948-06-22</span>)</span> (London)<sup id="cite_ref-silverman_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-silverman-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; white-space: normal;">Running time</div></th><td class="infobox-data">116 minutes (UK)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Country</th><td class="infobox-data">United Kingdom</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Language</th><td class="infobox-data">English</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Budget</th><td class="infobox-data">£371,500<sup id="cite_ref-money_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-money-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Box office</th><td class="infobox-data">£380,400<sup id="cite_ref-money_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-money-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><i><b>Oliver Twist</b></i> is a 1948 British film and the second of <a href="/wiki/David_Lean" title="David Lean">David Lean</a>'s two film adaptations of <a href="/wiki/Charles_Dickens" title="Charles Dickens">Charles Dickens</a> novels. Following his 1946 version of <i><a href="/wiki/Great_Expectations_(1946_film)" title="Great Expectations (1946 film)">Great Expectations</a></i>, Lean re-assembled much of the same team for his adaptation of <a href="/wiki/Oliver_Twist" title="Oliver Twist">Dickens' 1838 novel</a>, including <a href="/wiki/Film_producer" title="Film producer">producers</a> <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Neame" title="Ronald Neame">Ronald Neame</a> and <a href="/wiki/Anthony_Havelock-Allan" title="Anthony Havelock-Allan">Anthony Havelock-Allan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cinematographer" title="Cinematographer">cinematographer</a> <a href="/wiki/Guy_Green_(filmmaker)" title="Guy Green (filmmaker)">Guy Green</a>, <a href="/wiki/Production_designer" title="Production designer">designer</a> <a href="/wiki/John_Bryan_(art_director)" title="John Bryan (art director)">John Bryan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Film_editor" class="mw-redirect" title="Film editor">editor</a> Jack Harris. Lean's then-wife, <a href="/wiki/Kay_Walsh" title="Kay Walsh">Kay Walsh</a>, who had collaborated on the screenplay for <i>Great Expectations</i>, played the role of <a href="/wiki/Nancy_(Oliver_Twist)" title="Nancy (Oliver Twist)">Nancy</a>. <a href="/wiki/John_Howard_Davies" title="John Howard Davies">John Howard Davies</a> was cast as Oliver, while <a href="/wiki/Alec_Guinness" title="Alec Guinness">Alec Guinness</a> portrayed <a href="/wiki/Fagin" title="Fagin">Fagin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Robert_Newton" title="Robert Newton">Robert Newton</a> played Bill Sykes (<a href="/wiki/Bill_Sikes" title="Bill Sikes">Bill Sikes</a> in the novel). </p><p>In 1999, the <a href="/wiki/British_Film_Institute" title="British Film Institute">British Film Institute</a> placed it at 46th in its <a href="/wiki/BFI_Top_100_British_films" title="BFI Top 100 British films">list of the top 100 British films</a>. In 2005 it was named in the BFI list of the 50 films you should see by the age of 14. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Plot">Plot</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oliver_Twist_(1948_film)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Plot"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A young pregnant woman makes her way to a Workhouse in Mudfog where she gives birth to a baby boy and dies. The Beadle, Mr. Bumble names the boy ‘Oliver Twist.’ Years later, Oliver is brought back to the workhouse where he and the other boys are treated cruelly by Mr. Bumble and matron Widow Corney. When a group of boys draw straws, Oliver gets the shortest one and so has to ask for more gruel. As punishment, Bumble sends Oliver to work as an apprentice for undertaker, Mr. Sowerberry. However, when Sowerberry’s older apprentice, Noah Claypole, insults Oliver’s deceased mother, Oliver flies into a rampage and attacks Noah, earning lashes from Sowerberry. </p><p>To escape the torture, Oliver travels a seven day journey to London, where he befriends the Artful Dodger, a young pickpocket who introduces him to Fagin, an elderly criminal who trains boys how to steal. Fagin is, in fact, working with a mysterious man known as Monks, Oliver’s half-brother, whose prime goal is to ensure Oliver becomes a criminal to lose an inheritance which favours the latter, left by Monks’ father. As part of Monks’ plan, Fagin sends Oliver out with Dodger to pick pockets. When Dodger and his friend, Charlie Bates, steal a handkerchief from Mr. Brownlow, Oliver is thought to be the thief and arrested. Learning of this, Fagin and his vicious associate, Bill Sykes, fearing that Oliver will “peach”, send Sykes’ lover, Nancy to the court, where the latter learns that Oliver has been found innocent and taken to live with Mr. Brownlow. </p><p>Meanwhile, Monks visits Bumble and the Widow Corney (now Bumble’s wife) and buys a locket belonging to Oliver’s mother; the only proof of Oliver’s identity. When Mr. Brownlow sends Oliver to return some books, Sykes and Nancy bring Oliver back to Fagin’s lair, though Nancy immediately regrets doing so when Fagin attacks Oliver for trying to escape. Sometime later, whilst at the Three Cripples pub, Nancy overhears a conversation between Fagin and Monks and learns of the latter’s true intentions towards Oliver. Whilst Sykes takes Oliver out to commit a robbery, Fagin pays Dodger to spy on Nancy, who informs Mr. Brownlow about Monks’ plan, though keeps Fagin and Sykes' names out of it. Dodger reports to Fagin and Sykes, causing the latter to murder Nancy, believing her to have betrayed him. </p><p>Nancy’s murder brings down the public onto Fagin, Monks and Sykes. Monks is questioned by Brownlow, who by now, realises that Oliver is indeed his grandson. Monks is forced to confess his evil plot against Oliver, causing the police to arrest him. Bumble and the Widow Corney are also fired from their jobs at the workhouse, for assisting in Monks’ scheme. Sykes is pursued by a mob and uses Oliver as a hostage. He is shot by a member of the mob, loses his footing and accidentally hangs himself. Oliver is rescued and returns to live with Brownlow, finally finding the family he sought. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cast">Cast</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oliver_Twist_(1948_film)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Cast"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 32em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Howard_Davies" title="John Howard Davies">John Howard Davies</a> as <a href="/wiki/Oliver_Twist_(character)" title="Oliver Twist (character)">Oliver Twist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alec_Guinness" title="Alec Guinness">Alec Guinness</a> as <a href="/wiki/Fagin" title="Fagin">Fagin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Newton" title="Robert Newton">Robert Newton</a> as <a href="/wiki/Bill_Sikes" title="Bill Sikes">Bill Sykes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kay_Walsh" title="Kay Walsh">Kay Walsh</a> as <a href="/wiki/Nancy_(Oliver_Twist)" title="Nancy (Oliver Twist)">Nancy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_L._Sullivan" title="Francis L. Sullivan">Francis L. Sullivan</a> as <a href="/wiki/Bumble_(Oliver_Twist)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bumble (Oliver Twist)">Mr. Bumble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Stephenson" title="Henry Stephenson">Henry Stephenson</a> as <a href="/wiki/Mr._Brownlow" class="mw-redirect" title="Mr. Brownlow">Mr. Brownlow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Clare" title="Mary Clare">Mary Clare</a> as Mrs. Corney</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Newley" title="Anthony Newley">Anthony Newley</a> as the <a href="/wiki/Artful_Dodger" title="Artful Dodger">Artful Dodger</a></li> <li>Josephine Stuart as Oliver's Mother</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Truman" title="Ralph Truman">Ralph Truman</a> as <a href="/wiki/Monks_(Oliver_Twist)" title="Monks (Oliver Twist)">Monks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kathleen_Harrison" title="Kathleen Harrison">Kathleen Harrison</a> as Mrs. Sowerberry</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gibb_McLaughlin" title="Gibb McLaughlin">Gibb McLaughlin</a> as <a href="/wiki/Mr._Sowerberry" class="mw-redirect" title="Mr. Sowerberry">Mr. Sowerberry</a>, undertaker</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amy_Veness" title="Amy Veness">Amy Veness</a> as Mrs. Bedwin</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Lloyd_(actor)" title="Frederick Lloyd (actor)">Frederick Lloyd</a> as Mr. Grimwig</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Edwards_(actor)" title="Henry Edwards (actor)">Henry Edwards</a> as Police Official</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivor_Barnard" title="Ivor Barnard">Ivor Barnard</a> as Chairman of the Board</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Denham" title="Maurice Denham">Maurice Denham</a> as Chief of Police</li> <li>Michael Dear as Noah Claypole</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Ripper" title="Michael Ripper">Michael Ripper</a> as Barney</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Bull" title="Peter Bull">Peter Bull</a> as Landlord of "Three Cripples" tavern</li> <li>Deidre Doyle as Mrs. Thingummy, the old woman in workhouse</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diana_Dors" title="Diana Dors">Diana Dors</a> as Charlotte</li> <li>Kenneth Downy as Workhouse Master</li> <li><a href="/wiki/W.G._Fay" class="mw-redirect" title="W.G. Fay">W.G. Fay</a> as Bookseller</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edie_Martin" title="Edie Martin">Edie Martin</a> as Annie</li> <li>Fay Middleton as Martha</li> <li>Graveley Edwards as Mr. Fang</li> <li>John Potter as <a href="/wiki/Charley_Bates" title="Charley Bates">Charley Bates</a> (character credited as Charlie Bates)</li> <li>Maurice Jones as Workhouse Doctor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hattie_Jacques" title="Hattie Jacques">Hattie Jacques</a> and <a href="/wiki/Betty_Paul" title="Betty Paul">Betty Paul</a> as Singers at "Three Cripples" tavern</li> <li>Jake as Bull's Eye (Syke's dog)</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Antisemitism_controversy">Antisemitism controversy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oliver_Twist_(1948_film)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Antisemitism controversy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cruikshank_-_Fagin_in_the_condemned_Cell_(Oliver_Twist).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Cruikshank_-_Fagin_in_the_condemned_Cell_%28Oliver_Twist%29.png/220px-Cruikshank_-_Fagin_in_the_condemned_Cell_%28Oliver_Twist%29.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="274" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Cruikshank_-_Fagin_in_the_condemned_Cell_%28Oliver_Twist%29.png/330px-Cruikshank_-_Fagin_in_the_condemned_Cell_%28Oliver_Twist%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Cruikshank_-_Fagin_in_the_condemned_Cell_%28Oliver_Twist%29.png/440px-Cruikshank_-_Fagin_in_the_condemned_Cell_%28Oliver_Twist%29.png 2x" data-file-width="680" data-file-height="847" /></a><figcaption>Cruikshank – Fagin in the condemned Cell</figcaption></figure> <p>Although critically acclaimed, Alec Guinness's portrayal of <a href="/wiki/Fagin" title="Fagin">Fagin</a> and his make-up was considered <a href="/wiki/Antisemitic" class="mw-redirect" title="Antisemitic">antisemitic</a> by some as it was felt to perpetuate <a href="/wiki/Stereotypes_of_Jews" title="Stereotypes of Jews">Jewish racial stereotypes</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Guinness wore heavy <a href="/wiki/Theatrical_makeup" title="Theatrical makeup">make-up</a>, including a large <a href="/wiki/Prosthetic_makeup" title="Prosthetic makeup">prosthetic</a> nose, to make him look like the character as he appeared in <a href="/wiki/George_Cruikshank" title="George Cruikshank">George Cruikshank</a>'s illustrations in the first edition of the novel. At the start of production, the <a href="/wiki/Production_Code_Administration" class="mw-redirect" title="Production Code Administration">Production Code Administration</a> had advised David Lean to "bear in mind the advisability of omitting from the portrayal of Fagin any elements or inference that would be offensive to any specific racial group or religion."<sup id="cite_ref-jc-fagin_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jc-fagin-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Lean commissioned the <a href="/wiki/Make-up_artist" title="Make-up artist">make-up artist</a> <a href="/wiki/Stuart_Freeborn" title="Stuart Freeborn">Stuart Freeborn</a> to create Fagin's features; Freeborn had suggested to David Lean that Fagin's exaggerated profile should be toned down for fear of causing offence, but Lean rejected this idea. In a <a href="/wiki/Screen_test" title="Screen test">screen test</a> featuring Guinness in toned-down make-up, Fagin was said to resemble <a href="/wiki/Jesus_Christ" class="mw-redirect" title="Jesus Christ">Jesus Christ</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-radio4_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-radio4-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On this basis, Lean decided to continue filming with a faithful reproduction of Cruikshank's Fagin, pointing out that Fagin was not explicitly identified as Jewish in the screenplay.<sup id="cite_ref-Phillips_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Phillips-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>When released in 1948, the film was criticized by American columnist <a href="/wiki/Albert_Deutsch" title="Albert Deutsch">Albert Deutsch</a>, who had seen the film in London. Deutsch wrote that even Dickens "'could not make Fagin half so horrible,' and warned that the film would fan the flames of anti-Semitism." The <a href="/wiki/New_York_Board_of_Rabbis" title="New York Board of Rabbis">New York Board of Rabbis</a> appealed to <a href="/wiki/Eric_Johnston" title="Eric Johnston">Eric Johnston</a>, head of the Production Code Administration, to keep the film out of the U.S. Other Jewish groups also objected, and the Rank Organization announced in September 1948, that U.S. release was "indefinitely postponed."<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As a result of such protests, the film was not released in the United States until 1951, with 12 minutes of footage removed.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It received great acclaim from critics, but, unlike Lean's <i>Great Expectations</i>, another Dickens adaptation, no <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Academy Award">Oscar</a> nominations. The film was banned in <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a> for antisemitism. It was banned in <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Egypt" title="Kingdom of Egypt">Egypt</a> for portraying Fagin too sympathetically.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The March 1949 release of the film in <a href="/wiki/Allied-occupied_Germany" title="Allied-occupied Germany">Germany</a> was met with protests outside the <a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giesebrechtstra%C3%9Fe#Kino_die_Kurbel" class="extiw" title="de:Giesebrechtstraße">Kurbel Cinema</a> by Jewish objectors. The <a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_Berlin" class="mw-redirect" title="Mayor of Berlin">Mayor of Berlin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ernst_Reuter" title="Ernst Reuter">Ernst Reuter</a>, was a signatory to their petition which called for the withdrawal of the film. The depiction of Fagin was considered especially problematic in the recent aftermath of <a href="/wiki/The_Holocaust" title="The Holocaust">The Holocaust</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-life-1949_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-life-1949-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Beginning in the 1970s, exhibitors began to show the full-length version of Lean's film in the United States. It is that version which is now available on DVD. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reception">Reception</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oliver_Twist_(1948_film)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Reception"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Box_office">Box office</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oliver_Twist_(1948_film)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Box office"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The film was the fifth most popular film at the British box office in 1948.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to <i>Kinematograph Weekly</i> the 'biggest winner' at the box office in 1948 Britain was <i><a href="/wiki/The_Best_Years_of_Our_Lives" title="The Best Years of Our Lives">The Best Years of Our Lives</a></i> with <i><a href="/wiki/Spring_in_Park_Lane" title="Spring in Park Lane">Spring in Park Lane</a></i> being the best British film and "runners up" being <i><a href="/wiki/It_Always_Rains_on_Sunday" title="It Always Rains on Sunday">It Always Rains on Sunday</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/My_Brother_Jonathan" title="My Brother Jonathan">My Brother Jonathan</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Road_to_Rio" title="Road to Rio">Road to Rio</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Miranda_(1948_film)" title="Miranda (1948 film)">Miranda</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/An_Ideal_Husband_(1947_film)" title="An Ideal Husband (1947 film)">An Ideal Husband</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Naked_City" title="The Naked City">The Naked City</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Red_Shoes_(1948_film)" title="The Red Shoes (1948 film)">The Red Shoes</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Green_Dolphin_Street_(film)" title="Green Dolphin Street (film)">Green Dolphin Street</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Forever_Amber_(film)" title="Forever Amber (film)">Forever Amber</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Life_with_Father_(film)" title="Life with Father (film)">Life with Father</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Weaker_Sex_(1948_film)" title="The Weaker Sex (1948 film)">The Weaker Sex</a></i>, <i>Oliver Twist</i>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Fallen_Idol_(film)" title="The Fallen Idol (film)">The Fallen Idol</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/The_Winslow_Boy_(1948_film)" title="The Winslow Boy (1948 film)">The Winslow Boy</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The producer's receipts were £277,300 in the UK and £103,100 overseas.<sup id="cite_ref-money_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-money-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to Rank's own records the film had made a profit of £8,000 for the company by December 1949.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Critical">Critical</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oliver_Twist_(1948_film)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Critical"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After the belated release of the film in the United States, <a href="/wiki/Bosley_Crowther" title="Bosley Crowther">Bosley Crowther</a> praised it in <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>, writing: </p> <dl><dd>"...it is safe to proclaim that it is merely a superb piece of motion picture art and, beyond doubt, one of the finest screen translations of a literary classic ever made."<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> <p>On <a href="/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes">Rotten Tomatoes</a>, the film has an approval rating of 100% based on reviews from 24 critics, with an average rating of 8.6/10. The site's critics' consensus reads: </p> <dl><dd>"David Lean brings the grimy beauty of Charles Dickens' Victorian England to vivid cinematic life in <i>Oliver Twist</i>, a marvelous adaptation that benefits from Guy Green's haunting cinematography and Alec Guinness' off-kilter performance."<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legacy">Legacy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oliver_Twist_(1948_film)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Author Marc Napolitano noted that Lean's version of <i>Oliver Twist</i> had an impact on almost every subsequent adaptation of Dickens's novel. The film had two major additions that were not in the original novel.<sup id="cite_ref-Napolitano_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Napolitano-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Of the opening scene, an idea that originated from Kay Walsh,<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Napolitano wrote: </p> <dl><dd>"The opening scene, which depicts the beleaguered and pregnant Agnes limping her way to the parish workhouse in the midst of a thunderstorm, presents a haunting image that would resonate with subsequent adaptors. Even more significantly, the finale to the Lean adaptation has eclipsed Dickens's own finale in the popular memory of the story; the climax atop the roof of Fagin's lair is breathtaking."</dd></dl> <p>Songwriter <a href="/wiki/Lionel_Bart" title="Lionel Bart">Lionel Bart</a> acknowledged that Lean's film "played a role in his conception" of the musical <i><a href="/wiki/Oliver!" title="Oliver!">Oliver!</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-Napolitano_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Napolitano-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lean biographer Stephen Silverman referred to the 1968 film version of <i><a href="/wiki/Oliver!_(film)" title="Oliver! (film)">Oliver!</a></i> as "more of an uncredited adaptation of the Lean film in story line and look than of either the Dickens novel or the Bart stage show."<sup id="cite_ref-silverman_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-silverman-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p> Katharyn Crabbe wrote:<sup id="cite_ref-Crabbe_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Crabbe-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 50">: 50 </span></sup> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style></p><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>"One common complaint about the form of Dickens' <i>Oliver Twist</i> has been that the author fell so in love with his young hero that he could not bear to make him suffer falling into Fagin's hands a third time and so made him an idle spectator in the final half of the book."</p></blockquote> <p>Author Edward LeComte credited Lean for resolving the issue in his film version,<sup id="cite_ref-Crabbe_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Crabbe-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 50">: 50 </span></sup> where Oliver remains "at the center of the action" and has a "far more heroic" role.<sup id="cite_ref-Crabbe_19-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Crabbe-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 47">: 47 </span></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oliver_Twist_(1948_film)&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BFI_Top_100_British_films" title="BFI Top 100 British films">BFI Top 100 British films</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oliver_Twist_(1948_film)&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-silverman-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-silverman_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-silverman_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFSilverman1992" class="citation book cs1">Silverman, Stephen M. (1992). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/davidlean00silv/page/76/mode/2up?q=twist"><i>David Lean</i></a></span>. H. N. Abrams, Inc. pp. <span class="nowrap">77–</span>79. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8109-2507-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8109-2507-6"><bdi>978-0-8109-2507-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=David+Lean&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E77-%3C%2Fspan%3E79&rft.pub=H.+N.+Abrams%2C+Inc.&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=978-0-8109-2507-6&rft.aulast=Silverman&rft.aufirst=Stephen+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fdavidlean00silv%2Fpage%2F76%2Fmode%2F2up%3Fq%3Dtwist&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOliver+Twist+%281948+film%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-money-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-money_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-money_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-money_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Chapman, J. (2022). <i>The Money Behind the Screen: A History of British Film Finance, 1945–1985</i>. Edinburgh University Press p. 354. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="Please supply an ISBN for this book.">ISBN missing</span></a></i>]</sup> Income is in terms of producer's share of receipts.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/18463641">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Junior Angel' as Film Oliver Twist"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Sunday_Herald_(Sydney)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Sunday Herald (Sydney)">The Sunday Herald</a></i>. Sydney: National Library of Australia. 30 January 1949. p. 5 Supplement: Magazine Section<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 July</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Sunday+Herald&rft.atitle=%27Junior+Angel%27+as+Film+Oliver+Twist&rft.pages=5+Supplement%3A+Magazine+Section&rft.date=1949-01-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftrove.nla.gov.au%2Fnewspaper%2Farticle%2F18463641&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOliver+Twist+%281948+film%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-jc-fagin-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-jc-fagin_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDrazin2013" class="citation journal cs1">Drazin, Charles (3 May 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thejc.com/comment/opinion/dickens-s-jew-from-evil-to-delightful-1.44612">"Dickens's Jew – from evil to delightful"</a>. <i>The Jewish Chronicle</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 June</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Jewish+Chronicle&rft.atitle=Dickens%27s+Jew+%E2%80%93+from+evil+to+delightful&rft.date=2013-05-03&rft.aulast=Drazin&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thejc.com%2Fcomment%2Fopinion%2Fdickens-s-jew-from-evil-to-delightful-1.44612&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOliver+Twist+%281948+film%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-radio4-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-radio4_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation episode cs1">Mark Burman, presenter (27 June 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b01k2df5">"Stuart: A Face Backwards"</a>. <i>BBC Radio 4 Extra</i>. London. 13 minutes in. BBC Radio 4<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 June</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=BBC+Radio+4+Extra&rft.place=London&rft.date=2013-06-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fprogrammes%2Fb01k2df5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOliver+Twist+%281948+film%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Phillips-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Phillips_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPhillips2006" class="citation book cs1">Phillips, Gene D. (24 November 2006). "Oliver Twist (1948)". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=bKtQTBGaB3wC&q=fagin"><i>Beyond the Epic: The Life and Films of David Lean</i></a>. University Press of Kentucky. p. 129. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8131-7155-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8131-7155-5"><bdi>978-0-8131-7155-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Oliver+Twist+%281948%29&rft.btitle=Beyond+the+Epic%3A+The+Life+and+Films+of+David+Lean&rft.pages=129&rft.pub=University+Press+of+Kentucky&rft.date=2006-11-24&rft.isbn=978-0-8131-7155-5&rft.aulast=Phillips&rft.aufirst=Gene+D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DbKtQTBGaB3wC%26q%3Dfagin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOliver+Twist+%281948+film%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,799286,00.html">"Cinema: Anti-Semitic Twist?"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)">Time</a></i>. 4 October 1948. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0040-781X">0040-781X</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 November</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time&rft.atitle=Cinema%3A+Anti-Semitic+Twist%3F&rft.date=1948-10-04&rft.issn=0040-781X&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.time.com%2Ftime%2Fsubscriber%2Farticle%2F0%2C33009%2C799286%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOliver+Twist+%281948+film%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSragow1999" class="citation web cs1">Sragow, Michael (11 January 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.criterion.com/current/posts/41-oliver-twist">"Oliver Twist"</a>. <i>Criterion Collection</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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London<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 June</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Life&rft.atitle=Fagin+in+Berlin+Provokes+a+Riot&rft.pages=38&rft.date=1949-03-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DhU0EAAAAMBAJ%26q%3Doliver%2520twist%2520fagin%2520protest%2520berlin%2520cinema%26pg%3DPA38&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOliver+Twist+%281948+film%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/49930940">"The Starry Way"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Courier-Mail" title="The Courier-Mail">The Courier-Mail</a></i>. Brisbane. 8 January 1949. p. 2<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 July</span> 2012</span> – via National Library of Australia.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Courier-Mail&rft.atitle=The+Starry+Way&rft.pages=2&rft.date=1949-01-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftrove.nla.gov.au%2Fnewspaper%2Farticle%2F49930940&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOliver+Twist+%281948+film%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFThumim" class="citation magazine cs1">Thumim, Janet. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/Screen_Volume_32_Issue_3/page/n17">"The popular cash and culture in the postwar British cinema industry"</a>. <i>Screen</i>. Vol. 32, no. 3. p. 258.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Screen&rft.atitle=The+popular+cash+and+culture+in+the+postwar+British+cinema+industry&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=258&rft.aulast=Thumim&rft.aufirst=Janet&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2FScreen_Volume_32_Issue_3%2Fpage%2Fn17&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOliver+Twist+%281948+film%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLant1991" class="citation book cs1">Lant, Antonia (1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/blackoutreinvent0000lant/page/232/mode/2up?q=%22oliver+twist%22"><i>Blackout: Reinventing Women for Wartime British Cinema</i></a>. Princeton University Press. p. 232. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-6910-5540-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-6910-5540-4"><bdi>978-0-6910-5540-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Blackout%3A+Reinventing+Women+for+Wartime+British+Cinema&rft.pages=232&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=978-0-6910-5540-4&rft.aulast=Lant&rft.aufirst=Antonia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fblackoutreinvent0000lant%2Fpage%2F232%2Fmode%2F2up%3Fq%3D%2522oliver%2Btwist%2522&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOliver+Twist+%281948+film%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Chapman p 70</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCrowther1951" class="citation news cs1">Crowther, Bosley (31 July 1951). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1951/07/31/archives/the-screen-in-review-oliver-twist-rank-film-based-on-charles.html">"The Screen in Review; 'Oliver Twist,' Rank Film Based on Charles Dickens Novel, at Park Avenue Theatre"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=The+Screen+in+Review%3B+%27Oliver+Twist%2C%27+Rank+Film+Based+on+Charles+Dickens+Novel%2C+at+Park+Avenue+Theatre&rft.date=1951-07-31&rft.aulast=Crowther&rft.aufirst=Bosley&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1951%2F07%2F31%2Farchives%2Fthe-screen-in-review-oliver-twist-rank-film-based-on-charles.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOliver+Twist+%281948+film%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/oliver_twist_1951">"Oliver Twist (1951)"</a>. <i>Rotten Tomatoes</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 April</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Rotten+Tomatoes&rft.atitle=Oliver+Twist+%281951%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rottentomatoes.com%2Fm%2Foliver_twist_1951&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOliver+Twist+%281948+film%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Napolitano-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Napolitano_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Napolitano_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFNapolitano2014" class="citation book cs1">Napolitano, Marc (2014). "1 – Setting The Stage: <i>Oliver Twist</i>, Lionel Bart, and Cultural Contexts". <i>Oliver!: A Dickensian Musical</i>. Oxford: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-936482-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-936482-4"><bdi>978-0-19-936482-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=1+%E2%80%93+Setting+The+Stage%3A+Oliver+Twist%2C+Lionel+Bart%2C+and+Cultural+Contexts&rft.btitle=Oliver%21%3A+A+Dickensian+Musical&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-0-19-936482-4&rft.aulast=Napolitano&rft.aufirst=Marc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOliver+Twist+%281948+film%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPulver2004" class="citation news cs1">Pulver, Andrew (9 April 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/film/2004/apr/10/books.featuresreviews1">"The principle of Good: David Lean's <i>Oliver Twist</i> (1948)"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 April</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=The+principle+of+Good%3A+David+Lean%27s+Oliver+Twist+%281948%29&rft.date=2004-04-09&rft.aulast=Pulver&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Ffilm%2F2004%2Fapr%2F10%2Fbooks.featuresreviews1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOliver+Twist+%281948+film%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Crabbe-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Crabbe_19-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Crabbe_19-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Crabbe_19-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCrabbe1977" class="citation journal cs1">Crabbe, Katharyn (Fall 1977). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/44019043">"Lean's "Oliver Twist": Novel to Film"</a>. <i>Film Criticism</i>. <b>2</b> (1): <span class="nowrap">46–</span>51. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/44019043">44019043</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Film+Criticism&rft.atitle=Lean%27s+%22Oliver+Twist%22%3A+Novel+to+Film&rft.ssn=fall&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E46-%3C%2Fspan%3E51&rft.date=1977&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F44019043%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Crabbe&rft.aufirst=Katharyn&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F44019043&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOliver+Twist+%281948+film%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oliver_Twist_(1948_film)&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Vermilye, Jerry. (1978). <i>The Great British Films</i>. Citadel Press, pp. 117–120. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8065-0661-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-8065-0661-X">0-8065-0661-X</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oliver_Twist_(1948_film)&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0040662/"><i>Oliver Twist</i></a> at <a href="/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="IMDb (identifier)">IMDb</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.screenonline.org.uk/film/id/459925/"><i>Oliver Twist</i></a> at the <a href="/wiki/British_Film_Institute" title="British Film Institute">BFI</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Screenonline" title="Screenonline">Screenonline</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/85535/enwp"><i>Oliver Twist</i></a> at the <a href="/wiki/Turner_Classic_Movies" title="Turner Classic Movies">TCM Movie Database</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://criterioncollection.blogspot.com/2005/07/32-oliver-twist.html">Matthew Dessen, 'Oliver Twist'. "The Criterion Contraption" blog, 9 July 2005</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · 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rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Oliver_Twist" title="Template:Oliver Twist"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Oliver_Twist" title="Template talk:Oliver Twist"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Oliver_Twist" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Oliver Twist"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Charles_Dickens&#039;s_Oliver_Twist113" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Dickens" title="Charles Dickens">Charles Dickens</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Twist" title="Oliver Twist">Oliver Twist</a></i></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Characters</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Twist_(character)" title="Oliver Twist (character)">Oliver Twist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Sikes" title="Bill Sikes">Bill Sikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fagin" title="Fagin">Fagin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mr_Brownlow" title="Mr Brownlow">Mr Brownlow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nancy_(Oliver_Twist)" title="Nancy (Oliver Twist)">Nancy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rose_Maylie" title="Rose Maylie">Rose Maylie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monks_(Oliver_Twist)" title="Monks (Oliver Twist)">Monks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artful_Dodger" title="Artful Dodger">The Artful Dodger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charley_Bates" title="Charley Bates">Charley Bates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mr_Sowerberry" title="Mr Sowerberry">Mr Sowerberry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mr._Bumble" title="Mr. Bumble">Mr. Bumble</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Film adaptations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Twist_(1909_film)" title="Oliver Twist (1909 film)">Oliver Twist</a></i> (1909)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Twist_(1912_American_film)" title="Oliver Twist (1912 American film)">Oliver Twist</a></i> (1912)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Twist_(1912_British_film)" title="Oliver Twist (1912 British film)">Oliver Twist</a></i> (1912)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Twist_(1916_film)" title="Oliver Twist (1916 film)">Oliver Twist</a></i> (1916)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Twist_(1919_film)" title="Oliver Twist (1919 film)">Oliver Twist</a></i> (1919)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Twist_(1922_film)" title="Oliver Twist (1922 film)">Oliver Twist</a></i> (1922)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Twist_(1933_film)" title="Oliver Twist (1933 film)">Oliver Twist</a></i> (1933)</li> <li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Oliver Twist</a></i> (1948)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Oliver!_(film)" title="Oliver! (film)">Oliver!</a></i> (1968)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Twist_(1974_film)" title="Oliver Twist (1974 film)">Oliver Twist</a></i> (1974)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Las_Aventuras_de_Oliver_Twist" title="Las Aventuras de Oliver Twist">Las Aventuras de Oliver Twist</a></i> (1987)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Twist_(2005_film)" title="Oliver Twist (2005 film)">Oliver Twist</a></i> (2005)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Film retellings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Manik_(1961_film)" title="Manik (1961 film)">Manik</a></i> (1961)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Chitti_Tammudu" title="Chitti Tammudu">Chitti Tammudu</a></i> (1962)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Oliver_%26_Company" title="Oliver & Company">Oliver & Company</a></i> (1988)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Twisted_(1996_film)" title="Twisted (1996 film)">Twisted</a></i> (1996)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Twist_(2003_film)" title="Twist (2003 film)">Twist</a></i> (2003)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Boy_Called_Twist" title="Boy Called Twist">Boy Called Twist</a></i> (2004)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Twist_(2021_film)" title="Twist (2021 film)">Twist</a></i> (2021)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">TV adaptations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Twist_(1962_TV_serial)" title="Oliver Twist (1962 TV serial)">Oliver Twist</a></i> (1962 TV serial)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Twist_(1982_TV_film)" title="Oliver Twist (1982 TV film)">Oliver Twist</a></i> (1982 American-British TV film)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Twist_(1982_Australian_film)" title="Oliver Twist (1982 Australian film)">Oliver Twist</a></i> (1982 Australian TV film)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Twist_(1985_TV_serial)" title="Oliver Twist (1985 TV serial)">Oliver Twist</a></i> (1985 TV serial)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Saban%27s_Adventures_of_Oliver_Twist" title="Saban's Adventures of Oliver Twist">Saban's Adventures of Oliver Twist</a></i> (1996 TV series)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Twist_(1997_film)" title="Oliver Twist (1997 film)">Oliver Twist</a></i> (1997 TV film)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Twist_(1999_TV_series)" title="Oliver Twist (1999 TV series)">Oliver Twist</a></i> (1999 TV series)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Twist_(2007_TV_series)" title="Oliver Twist (2007 TV series)">Oliver Twist</a></i> (2007 TV series)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Play</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Oliver!" title="Oliver!">Oliver!</a></i> (1960)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Songs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/As_Long_as_He_Needs_Me" title="As Long as He Needs Me">As Long as He Needs Me</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Consider_Yourself" title="Consider Yourself">Consider Yourself</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Food,_Glorious_Food" title="Food, Glorious Food">Food, Glorious Food</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/I%27d_Do_Anything_(Oliver!_song)" title="I'd Do Anything (Oliver! song)">I'd Do Anything</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Oliver!_(song)" title="Oliver! (song)">Oliver!</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Oom-Pah-Pah" title="Oom-Pah-Pah">Oom-Pah-Pah</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Where_Is_Love%3F" title="Where Is Love?">Where Is Love?</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/You%27ve_Got_to_Pick_a_Pocket_or_Two" title="You've Got to Pick a Pocket or Two">You've Got to Pick a Pocket or Two</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Be_Back_Soon" title="Be Back Soon">Be Back Soon</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Oliver!_(soundtrack)" title="Oliver! (soundtrack)">Oliver!</a></i> (soundtrack to the 1968 film)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Escape_of_the_Artful_Dodger" title="Escape of the Artful Dodger">Escape of the Artful Dodger</a></i> (2001 TV series retelling)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fagin_the_Jew" title="Fagin the Jew">Fagin the Jew</a></i> (2003 graphic novel)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Oliver_and_the_Artful_Dodger" title="Oliver and the Artful Dodger">Oliver and the Artful Dodger</a></i> (1972 TV film)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/I%27d_Do_Anything_(2008_TV_series)" title="I'd Do Anything (2008 TV series)">I'd Do Anything</a></i> (2008 TV series)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dodger_(TV_series)" title="Dodger (TV series)">Dodger</a></i> (2022 TV series)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Artful_Dodger_(2023_TV_series)" title="The Artful Dodger (2023 TV series)">The Artful Dodger</a></i> (2023 TV series)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Films_directed_by_David_Lean32" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:David_Lean" title="Template:David Lean"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:David_Lean" title="Template talk:David Lean"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:David_Lean" title="Special:EditPage/Template:David Lean"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Films_directed_by_David_Lean32" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Films directed by <a href="/wiki/David_Lean" title="David Lean">David Lean</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/In_Which_We_Serve" title="In Which We Serve">In Which We Serve</a></i> (1942)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/This_Happy_Breed_(film)" title="This Happy Breed (film)">This Happy Breed</a></i> (1944)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Blithe_Spirit_(1945_film)" title="Blithe Spirit (1945 film)">Blithe Spirit</a></i> (1945)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Brief_Encounter" title="Brief Encounter">Brief Encounter</a></i> (1945)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Great_Expectations_(1946_film)" title="Great Expectations (1946 film)">Great Expectations</a></i> (1946)</li> <li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Oliver Twist</a></i> (1948)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Passionate_Friends_(1949_film)" title="The Passionate Friends (1949 film)">The Passionate Friends</a></i> (1949)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Madeleine_(1950_film)" title="Madeleine (1950 film)">Madeleine</a></i> (1950)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Sound_Barrier" title="The Sound Barrier">The Sound Barrier</a></i> (1952)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hobson%27s_Choice_(1954_film)" title="Hobson's Choice (1954 film)">Hobson's Choice</a></i> (1954)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Summertime_(1955_film)" title="Summertime (1955 film)">Summertime</a></i> (1955)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Bridge_on_the_River_Kwai" title="The Bridge on the River Kwai">The Bridge on the River Kwai</a></i> (1957)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_of_Arabia_(film)" title="Lawrence of Arabia (film)">Lawrence of Arabia</a></i> (1962)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Doctor_Zhivago_(film)" title="Doctor Zhivago (film)">Doctor Zhivago</a></i> (1965)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ryan%27s_Daughter" title="Ryan's Daughter">Ryan's Daughter</a></i> (1970)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lost_and_Found:_The_Story_of_Cook%27s_Anchor" title="Lost and Found: The Story of Cook's Anchor">Lost and Found: The Story of Cook's Anchor</a></i> (1979; documentary)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Passage_to_India_(film)" title="A Passage to India (film)">A Passage to India</a></i> (1984)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q645752#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata653" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q645752#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata653" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q645752#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/236198261">VIAF</a></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/183365194">2</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/7846004-9">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/no2009182510">United States</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://auth.wikimedia.org/loginwiki/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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