CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head>  <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-P63WKM1TM1"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-P63WKM1TM1'); </script>  <script type="text/javascript" > (function(m,e,t,r,i,k,a){m[i]=m[i]||function(){(m[i].a=m[i].a||[]).push(arguments)}; m[i].l=1*new Date(); for (var j = 0; j < document.scripts.length; j++) {if (document.scripts[j].src === r) { return; }} k=e.createElement(t),a=e.getElementsByTagName(t)[0],k.async=1,k.src=r,a.parentNode.insertBefore(k,a)}) (window, document, "script", "https://mc.yandex.ru/metrika/tag.js", "ym"); ym(55165297, "init", { clickmap:false, trackLinks:true, accurateTrackBounce:true, webvisor:false }); </script> <noscript><div><img src="https://mc.yandex.ru/watch/55165297" style="position:absolute; left:-9999px;" alt="" /></div></noscript>    <title>Search results for: superconducting</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: superconducting"> <meta name="keywords" content="superconducting"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarMenu" aria-controls="navbarMenu" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"> <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span> </button> <div class="w-100"> <div class="d-none d-lg-flex flex-row-reverse"> <form method="get" action="https://waset.org/search" class="form-inline my-2 my-lg-0"> <input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="search" placeholder="Search Conferences" value="superconducting" name="q" aria-label="Search"> <button class="btn btn-light my-2 my-sm-0" type="submit"><i class="fas fa-search"></i></button> </form> </div> <div class="collapse navbar-collapse mt-1" id="navbarMenu"> <ul class="navbar-nav ml-auto align-items-center" id="mainNavMenu"> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/conferences" title="Conferences in 2024/2025/2026">Conferences</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/disciplines" title="Disciplines">Disciplines</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/committees" rel="nofollow">Committees</a> </li> <li class="nav-item dropdown"> <a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="#" id="navbarDropdownPublications" role="button" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"> Publications </a> <div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="navbarDropdownPublications"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a> </div> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/page/support" title="Support">Support</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> <main> <div class="container mt-4"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-9 mx-auto"> <form method="get" action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="superconducting"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 66</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: superconducting</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">66</span> Quantum Entanglement and Thermalization in Superconducting Two-Qubit Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20Karami">E. Karami</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Bohloul"> M. Bohloul</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Najmadi"> P. Najmadi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The superconducting system is a suitable system for quantum computers. Quantum entanglement is a fundamental phenomenon that is key to the power of quantum computers. Quantum entanglement has been studied in different superconducting systems. In this paper, we are investigating a superconducting two-qubit system as a macroscopic system. These systems include two coupled Quantronium circuits. We calculate quantum entanglement and thermalization for system evolution and compare them. We observe, thermalization and entanglement have different behavior, and equilibrium thermal state has maximum entanglement. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=macroscopic%20system" title="macroscopic system">macroscopic system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quantum%20entanglement" title=" quantum entanglement"> quantum entanglement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermalization" title=" thermalization"> thermalization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=superconducting%20system" title=" superconducting system"> superconducting system</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148726/quantum-entanglement-and-thermalization-in-superconducting-two-qubit-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148726.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">155</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">65</span> Design and Performance Analysis of a Hydro-Power Rim-Driven Superconducting Synchronous Generator</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Hassannia">A. Hassannia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Ramezani"> S. Ramezani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The technology of superconductivity has developed in many power system devices such as transmission cable, transformer, current limiter, motor and generator. Superconducting wires can carry high density current without loss, which is the capability that is used to design the compact, lightweight and more efficient electrical machines. Superconducting motors have found applications in marine and air propulsion systems as well as superconducting generators are considered in low power hydraulic and wind generators. This paper presents a rim-driven superconducting synchronous generator for hydraulic power plant. The rim-driven concept improves the performance of hydro turbine. Furthermore, high magnetic field that is produced by superconducting windings allows replacing the rotor core. As a consequent, the volume and weight of the machine is decreased significantly. In this paper, a 1 MW coreless rim-driven superconducting synchronous generator is designed. Main performance characteristics of the proposed machine are then evaluated using finite elements method and compared to an ordinary similar size synchronous generator. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coreless%20machine" title="coreless machine">coreless machine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrical%20machine%20design" title=" electrical machine design"> electrical machine design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydraulic%20generator" title=" hydraulic generator"> hydraulic generator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rim-driven%20machine" title=" rim-driven machine"> rim-driven machine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=superconducting%20generator" title=" superconducting generator"> superconducting generator</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/104902/design-and-performance-analysis-of-a-hydro-power-rim-driven-superconducting-synchronous-generator" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/104902.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">174</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">64</span> Design to Cryogenic System for Dilution Refrigerator with Cavity and Superconducting Magnet</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ki%20Woong%20Lee">Ki Woong Lee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Center for Axion and Precision Physics Research is studying the search for dark matter using 12 tesla superconducting magnets. A dilution refrigerator is being used for search experiments, and superconducting magnets, superconducting cavities. The dilution refrigerator requires a stable cryogenic environment using liquid helium. Accordingly, a cryogenic system for a stable supply of liquid helium is to be established. This cryogenic system includes the liquefying, supply, storage, and purification of liquid helium. This article presents the basic design, construction, and operation plans for building cryogenic systems. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cryogenic%20system" title="cryogenic system">cryogenic system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dilution%20refrigerator" title=" dilution refrigerator"> dilution refrigerator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=superconducting%20magnet" title=" superconducting magnet"> superconducting magnet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=helium%20recovery%20system" title=" helium recovery system"> helium recovery system</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154130/design-to-cryogenic-system-for-dilution-refrigerator-with-cavity-and-superconducting-magnet" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154130.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">120</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">63</span> Electronic Spectral Function of Double Quantum Dots–Superconductors Nanoscopic Junction</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rajendra%20Kumar">Rajendra Kumar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We study the Electronic spectral density of a double coupled quantum dots sandwich between superconducting leads, where one of the superconducting leads (QD1) are connected with left superconductor lead and (QD1) also connected right superconductor lead. (QD1) and (QD2) are coupling to each other. The electronic spectral density through a quantum dots between superconducting leads having s-wave symmetry of the superconducting order parameter. Such junction is called superconducting –quantum dot (S-QD-S) junction. For this purpose, we have considered a renormalized Anderson model that includes the double coupled of the superconducting leads with the quantum dots level and an attractive BCS-type effective interaction in superconducting leads. We employed the Green’s function technique to obtain superconducting order parameter with the BCS framework and Ambegaoker-Baratoff formalism to analyze the electronic spectral density through such (S-QD-S) junction. It has been pointed out that electronic spectral density through such a junction is dominated by the attractive the paring interaction in the leads, energy of the level on the dot with respect to Fermi energy and also on the coupling parameter of the two in an essential way. On the basis of numerical analysis we have compared the theoretical results of electronic spectral density with the recent transport existing theoretical analysis. QDs is the charging energy that may give rise to eﬀects based on the interplay of Coulomb repulsion and superconducting correlations. It is, therefore, an interesting question to ask how the discrete level spectrum and the charging energy aﬀect the DC and AC Josephson transport between two superconductors coupled via a QD. In the absence of a bias voltage, a ﬁnite DC current can be sustained in such an S-QD-S by the DC Josephson eﬀect. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quantum%20dots" title="quantum dots">quantum dots</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S-QD-S%20junction" title=" S-QD-S junction"> S-QD-S junction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BCS%20superconductors" title=" BCS superconductors"> BCS superconductors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anderson%20model" title=" Anderson model"> Anderson model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3977/electronic-spectral-function-of-double-quantum-dots-superconductors-nanoscopic-junction" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3977.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">374</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">62</span> Modeling and Controlling Nonlinear Dynamical Effects in Non-Contact Superconducting and Diamagnetic Suspensions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sergey%20Kuznetsov">Sergey Kuznetsov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yuri%20Urman"> Yuri Urman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We present an approach to investigate non-linear dynamical effects occurring in the noncontact superconducting and diamagnetic suspensions, when levitated body has finite size. This approach is based on the calculation of interaction energy between spherical finite size superconducting or diamagnetic body with external magnetic field. Effects of small deviations from spherical shape may be also taken into account by introducing small corrections to the energy. This model allows investigating dynamical effects important for practical applications, such as nonlinear resonances, change of vibration plane, coupling of rotational and translational motions etc. We also show how the geometry of suspension affects various dynamical effects and how an inverse problem may be formulated to enforce or diminish various dynamical effects. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=levitation" title="levitation">levitation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-linear%20dynamics" title=" non-linear dynamics"> non-linear dynamics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=superconducting" title=" superconducting"> superconducting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diamagnetic%20stability" title=" diamagnetic stability "> diamagnetic stability </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47249/modeling-and-controlling-nonlinear-dynamical-effects-in-non-contact-superconducting-and-diamagnetic-suspensions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47249.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">410</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">61</span> Study of Superconducting Patch Printed on Electric-Magnetic Substrates Materials</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fortaki%20Tarek">Fortaki Tarek</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Bedra"> S. Bedra</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, the effects of both uniaxial anisotropy in the substrate and high Tc superconducting patch on the resonant frequency, half-power bandwidth, and radiation patterns are investigated using an electric field integral equation and the spectral domain Green’s function. The analysis has been based on a full electromagnetic wave model with London’s equations and the Gorter-Casimir two-fluid model has been improved to investigate the resonant and radiation characteristics of high Tc superconducting rectangular microstrip patch in the case where the patch is printed on electric-magnetic uniaxially anisotropic substrate materials. The stationary phase technique has been used for computing the radiation electric field. The obtained results demonstrate a considerable improvement in the half-power bandwidth, of the rectangular microstrip patch, by using a superconductor patch instead of a perfect conductor one. Further results show that high Tc superconducting rectangular microstrip patch on the uniaxial substrate with properly selected electric and magnetic anisotropy ratios is more advantageous than the one on the isotropic substrate by exhibiting wider bandwidth and radiation characteristic. This behavior agrees with that discovered experimentally for superconducting patches on isotropic substrates. The calculated results have been compared with measured one available in the literature and excellent agreement has been found. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high%20Tc%20superconducting%20microstrip%20patch" title="high Tc superconducting microstrip patch">high Tc superconducting microstrip patch</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electric-magnetic%20anisotropic%20substrate" title=" electric-magnetic anisotropic substrate"> electric-magnetic anisotropic substrate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Galerkin%20method" title=" Galerkin method"> Galerkin method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surface%20complex%20impedance%20with%20boundary%20conditions" title=" surface complex impedance with boundary conditions"> surface complex impedance with boundary conditions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiation%20patterns" title=" radiation patterns"> radiation patterns</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50630/study-of-superconducting-patch-printed-on-electric-magnetic-substrates-materials" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50630.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">444</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">60</span> Properties of Nanostructured MgB₂ Films Deposited by Magnetron Sputtering</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20A.%20Prikhna">T. A. Prikhna</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20V.%20Shaternik"> A. V. Shaternik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20E.%20Moshchil"> V. E. Moshchil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Eisterer"> M. Eisterer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20E.%20Shaternik"> V. E. Shaternik</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The paper presents the results of studying the structure, phase composition, relief, and superconducting characteristics of oxygen-containing thin films of magnesium diboride (MgB₂) deposited on a dielectric substrate by magnetron sputtering of diboride-magnesium targets. The possibility of forming films of varying degrees of crystalline perfection and phase composition in the process of precipitation and annealing is shown, depending on the conditions of deposition and annealing. In the films, it is possible to realize various combinations of the Abrikosov vortex pinning centers (in the places of fluctuations of the critical temperature of the superconducting transition (T <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=critical%20current%20density" title="critical current density">critical current density</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diboride" title=" diboride"> diboride</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=superconducting%20thin%20films" title=" superconducting thin films"> superconducting thin films</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=upper%20critical%20field" title=" upper critical field"> upper critical field</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/115765/properties-of-nanostructured-mgb2-films-deposited-by-magnetron-sputtering" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/115765.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">109</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">59</span> Improvement in Quality-Factor Superconducting Co-Planer Waveguide Resonators by Passivation Air-Interfaces Using Self-Assembled Monolayers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saleem%20Rao">Saleem Rao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20Al-Ghadeer"> Mohammed Al-Ghadeer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Archan%20Banerjee"> Archan Banerjee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hossein%20Fariborzi"> Hossein Fariborzi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Materials imperfection, particularly two-level-system (TLS) defects in planer superconducting quantum circuits, contributes significantly to decoherence, ultimately limiting the performance of quantum computation and sensing. Oxides at air interfaces are among the host of TLS, and different material has been used to reduce TLS losses. Passivation with an inorganic layer is not an option to reduce these interface oxides; however, they can be etched away, but their regrowth remains a problem. Here, we report the chemisorption of molecular self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) at air interfaces of superconducting co-planer waveguide (CPW) resonators that suppress the regrowth of oxides and also modify the dielectric constant of the interface. With SAMs, we observed sustained order of magnitude improvement in quality factor -better than oxide etched interfaces. Quality factor measurements at millikelvin temperature and at single photon, XPS data, and TEM images of SAM passivated air interface sustenance our claim. Compatibility of SAM with micro-/nano-fabrication processes opens new ways to improve the coherence time in cQED. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=superconducting%20circuits" title="superconducting circuits">superconducting circuits</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality-factor" title=" quality-factor"> quality-factor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self-assembled%20monolayer" title=" self-assembled monolayer"> self-assembled monolayer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coherence" title=" coherence"> coherence</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/176785/improvement-in-quality-factor-superconducting-co-planer-waveguide-resonators-by-passivation-air-interfaces-using-self-assembled-monolayers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/176785.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">82</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">58</span> The Effect of SIO2 Addition on the Formation and Superconducting Properties of BI2SR2CACU2O8+D System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Boussouf">N. Boussouf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20F.%20Mosbah"> M. F. Mosbah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.Hamel"> M.Hamel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Menassel"> S. Menassel</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> SiO2 particles were inserted (added) into Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+d precursor powders in various weight fractions. The influence of Si addition to the Bi2212 system on its phase formation, microstructure and transport properties is investigated. Samples are characterized by means of X ray diffraction analysis (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM/EDX), magnetic AC susceptibility and resistivity measurements. For 1% of added Si, the results showed an increase of the apparent superconducting volume fraction. All the samples doped with Si contained a majority fraction of the high TC superconducting Bi2212 phase. SEM observation showed that the average grain size of the Si added samples increased more than that of the sample without Si. From resistivity measurement the Tconset was found to be increased by 7 K for 1% and 5% of added Si compared to the pure sample. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=superconductors" title="superconductors">superconductors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bi2212" title=" Bi2212"> Bi2212</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=doping" title=" doping"> doping</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SiO2%20particles" title=" SiO2 particles"> SiO2 particles</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18041/the-effect-of-sio2-addition-on-the-formation-and-superconducting-properties-of-bi2sr2cacu2o8d-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18041.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">231</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">57</span> Feasibility Assessment of High-Temperature Superconducting AC Cable Lines Implementation in Megacities</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andrey%20Kashcheev">Andrey Kashcheev</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Victor%20Sytnikov"> Victor Sytnikov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mikhail%20Dubinin"> Mikhail Dubinin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elena%20Filipeva"> Elena Filipeva</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dmitriy%20Sorokin"> Dmitriy Sorokin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Various variants of technical solutions aimed at improving the reliability of power supply to consumers of 110 kV substation are considered. For each technical solution, the results of calculation and analysis of electrical modes and short-circuit currents in the electrical network are presented. The estimation of electric energy consumption for losses within the boundaries of substation reconstruction was carried out in accordance with the methodology for determining the standards of technological losses of electricity during its transmission through electric networks. The assessment of the technical and economic feasibility of the use of HTS CL compared with the complex reconstruction of the 110 kV substation was carried out. It is shown that the use of high-temperature superconducting AC cable lines is a possible alternative to traditional technical solutions used in the reconstruction of substations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=superconductivity" title="superconductivity">superconductivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cable%20lines" title=" cable lines"> cable lines</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=superconducting%20cable" title=" superconducting cable"> superconducting cable</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=AC%20cable" title=" AC cable"> AC cable</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=feasibility" title=" feasibility"> feasibility</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172507/feasibility-assessment-of-high-temperature-superconducting-ac-cable-lines-implementation-in-megacities" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172507.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">96</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">56</span> Thermodynamic and Magnetic Properties of Heavy Fermion UTE₂ Superconductor</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Habtamu%20Anagaw%20Muluneh">Habtamu Anagaw Muluneh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gebregziabher%20Kahsay"> Gebregziabher Kahsay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tamiru%20Negussie"> Tamiru Negussie</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Theoretical study of the density of state, condensation energy, specific heat, and magnetization in a spin-triplet superconductor are the main goals of this work. Utilizing the retarded double-time temperature-dependent Green's function formalism and building a model Hamiltonian for the system at hand, we were able to derive the expressions for the parameters mentioned above. The phase diagrams are plotted using MATLAB scripts. From the phase diagrams, the density of electrons increases as the excitation energy increases, and the maximum excitation energy is equal to the superconducting gap, but it decreases when the value exceeds the gap and finally becomes the same as the density of the normal state. On the other hand, the condensation energy decreases with the increase in temperature and attains its minimum value at the superconducting transition temperature but increases with the increase in superconducting transition temperature (TC) and finally becomes zero, implying the superconducting energy is equal to the normal state energy. The specific heat increases with the increase in temperature, attaining its maximum value at the TC and then undergoing a jump, showing the presence of a second-order phase transition from the superconducting state to the normal state. Finally, the magnetization of both the itinerant and localized electrons decreases with the increase in temperature and finally becomes zero at TC = 1.6 K and magnetic phase transition temperature T = 2 K, respectively, which results in a magnetic phase transition from a ferromagnetic to a paramagnetic state. Our finding is in good agreement with the previous findings. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spin%20triplet%20superconductivity" title="spin triplet superconductivity">spin triplet superconductivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Green%E2%80%99s%20function" title=" Green’s function"> Green’s function</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=condensation%20energy" title=" condensation energy"> condensation energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=density%20of%20state" title=" density of state"> density of state</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=specific%20heat" title=" specific heat"> specific heat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetization" title=" magnetization"> magnetization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/193014/thermodynamic-and-magnetic-properties-of-heavy-fermion-ute2-superconductor" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/193014.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">21</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">55</span> Electron Spin Resonance of Conduction and Spin Waves Dynamics Investigations in Bi-2223 Superconductor for Decoding Pairing Mechanism</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20N.%20Ekbote">S. N. Ekbote</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20K.%20Padam"> G. K. Padam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manju%20Arora"> Manju Arora</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopic investigations of (Bi, Pb)₂Sr₂Ca₂Cu₃O₁₀₋ₓ (Bi-2223) bulk samples were carried out in both the normal and superconducting states. A broad asymmetric resonance signal with side signals is obtained in the normal state, and all of them disappear in the superconducting state. The temperature and angular orientation effects on these signals suggest that the broad asymmetric signal arises from electron spin resonance of conduction electrons (CESR) and the side signals from exchange interactions as Platzman-Wolff type spin waves. The disappearance of CESR and spin waves in a superconducting state demonstrates the role of exchange interactions in Cooper pair formation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bi-2223%20superconductor" title="Bi-2223 superconductor">Bi-2223 superconductor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CESR" title=" CESR"> CESR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ESR" title=" ESR"> ESR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exchange%20interactions" title=" exchange interactions"> exchange interactions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spin%20waves" title=" spin waves"> spin waves</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157103/electron-spin-resonance-of-conduction-and-spin-waves-dynamics-investigations-in-bi-2223-superconductor-for-decoding-pairing-mechanism" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157103.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">131</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">54</span> The Role of Metal-Induced Gap States in the Superconducting Qubit Decoherence at Low-Dimension</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dominik%20Szczesniak">Dominik Szczesniak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sabre%20Kais"> Sabre Kais</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the present communication, we analyze selected local aspects of the metal-induced gap states (MIGSs) that may be responsible for the magnetic flux noise in some of the superconducting qubit modalities at low-dimension. The presented theoretical analysis stems from the earlier bulk considerations and is aimed at further explanation of the decoherence effect by recognizing its universal character. Specifically, the analysis is carried out by using the complex band structure method for arbitrary low-dimensional junctions. This allows us to provide the most fundamental and general observations for the systems of interest. In particular, herein, we investigate in detail the MIGSs behavior in the momentum space as a function of the potential fluctuations and the electron-electron interaction magnitude at the interface. In what follows, this study is meant to provide a direct relationship between the MIGSs behavior, the discussed decoherence effect, and the intrinsic properties of the low-dimensional Josephson junctions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=superconducting%20qubits" title="superconducting qubits">superconducting qubits</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metal-induced%20gap%20states" title=" metal-induced gap states"> metal-induced gap states</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decoherence" title=" decoherence"> decoherence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low-dimension" title=" low-dimension"> low-dimension</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/137573/the-role-of-metal-induced-gap-states-in-the-superconducting-qubit-decoherence-at-low-dimension" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/137573.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">139</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">53</span> Ordinary and Triplet Superconducting Spin Valve Effect in Fe/Pb Based Heterostructures </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20V.%20Leksin">P. V. Leksin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20A.%20Kamashev"> A. A. Kamashev</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20N.%20Garifyanov"> N. N. Garifyanov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20A.%20Garifullin"> I. A. Garifullin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ya.%20V.%20Fominov"> Ya. V. Fominov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Schumann"> J. Schumann</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20Krupskaya"> Y. Krupskaya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20Kataev"> V. Kataev</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=O.%20G.%20Schmidt"> O. G. Schmidt</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20B%C3%BCchner"> B. Büchner</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We report on experimental evidence for the occurrence of the long range triplet correlations (LRTC) of the superconducting (SC) condensate in the spin-valve heterostructures CoOx/Fe1/Cu/Fe2/Pb. The LRTC generation in this layer sequence is accompanied by a Tc suppression near the orthogonal mutual orientation of the Fe1 and Fe2 layers’ magnetization. This Tc drop reaches its maximum of 60mK at the Fe2 layer thickness dFe2 = 0.6 nm and falls down when dFe2 is increased. The modification of the Fe/Pb interface by using a thin Cu intermediate layer between Fe and Pb layers reduces the SC transition width without preventing the interaction between Pb and Fe2 layers. The dependence of the SSVE magnitude on Fe1 layer thickness dFe1 reveals maximum of the effect when dFe1 and dFe2 are equal and the dFe2 value is minimal. Using the optimal Fe layers thicknesses and the intermediate Cu layer between Pb and Fe2 layer we realized almost full switching from normal to superconducting state due to SSVE. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=superconductivity" title="superconductivity">superconductivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ferromagnetism" title=" ferromagnetism"> ferromagnetism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heterostructures" title=" heterostructures"> heterostructures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=proximity%20effect" title=" proximity effect"> proximity effect</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21362/ordinary-and-triplet-superconducting-spin-valve-effect-in-fepb-based-heterostructures" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21362.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">416</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">52</span> Exact Phase Diagram of High-TC Superconductors</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abid%20Boudiar">Abid Boudiar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We propose a simple model to obtain an exact expression of Tc/(Tc,max) for the temperature-doping phase diagram of superconducting cuprates. We showed that our model predicted most phase diagram scenario. We found the exact special doping points p(opt), p(qcp) and an accurate E(g,max). Some other properties such as the stripes length 100.1°A and the energy gap in cuprates chain 6meV can also be calculated exactly. Another interesting consequence of this simple picture is the new magic numbers and the ability to express everything using a (Tc,p) diagram via the golden ratio. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=superconducting%20cuprates" title="superconducting cuprates">superconducting cuprates</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phase" title=" phase"> phase</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pseudogap" title=" pseudogap"> pseudogap</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hole%20doping" title=" hole doping"> hole doping</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strips" title=" strips"> strips</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=golden%20ratio" title=" golden ratio"> golden ratio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soliton" title=" soliton"> soliton</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26541/exact-phase-diagram-of-high-tc-superconductors" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26541.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">470</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">51</span> Dimensionality and Superconducting Parameters of YBa2Cu3O7 Foams </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michael%20Koblischka">Michael Koblischka</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anjela%20%20Koblischka-Veneva"> Anjela Koblischka-Veneva</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=XianLin%20%20Zeng"> XianLin Zeng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Essia%20%20Hannachi"> Essia Hannachi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yassine%20%20Slimani"> Yassine Slimani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Superconducting foams of YBa2Cu3O7 (abbreviated Y-123) were produced using the infiltration growth (IG) technique from Y2BaCuO5 (Y-211) foams. The samples were investigated by SEM (scanning electron microscopy) and electrical resistivity measurements. SEM observations indicated the specific microstructure of the foam struts with numerous tiny Y-211 particles (50-100 nm diameter) embedded in channel-like structures between the Y-123 grains. The investigation of the excess conductivity of different prepared composites was analyzed using Aslamazov-Larkin (AL) model. The investigated samples comprised of five distinct fluctuation regimes, namely short-wave (SWF), one-dimensional (1D), two-dimensional (2D), three-dimensional (3D), and critical (CR) fluctuations regimes. The coherence length along the c-axis at zero-temperature (ξc(0)), lower and upper critical magnetic fields (Bc1 and Bc2), critical current density (Jc) and numerous other superconducting parameters were estimated from the data. The analysis reveals that the presence of the tiny Y-211 particles alters the excess conductivity and the fluctuation behavior observed in standard YBCO samples. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Excess%20conductivity" title="Excess conductivity">Excess conductivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Foam" title=" Foam"> Foam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Microstructure" title=" Microstructure"> Microstructure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Superconductor%20YBa2Cu3Oy" title=" Superconductor YBa2Cu3Oy "> Superconductor YBa2Cu3Oy </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/123872/dimensionality-and-superconducting-parameters-of-yba2cu3o7-foams" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/123872.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">169</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">50</span> Coexistence of Superconductivity and Spin Density Wave in Ferropnictide Ba₁₋ₓKₓFe₂As₂</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tadesse%20Desta%20Gidey">Tadesse Desta Gidey</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gebregziabher%20Kahsay"> Gebregziabher Kahsay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pooran%20Singh"> Pooran Singh </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This work focuses on the theoretical investigation of the coexistence of superconductivity and Spin Density Wave (SDW)in Ferropnictide Ba₁₋ₓKₓFe₂As₂. By developing a model Hamiltonian for the system and by using quantum field theory Green’s function formalism, we have obtained mathematical expressions for superconducting transition temperature TC), spin density wave transition temperature (Tsdw), superconductivity order parameter (Sc), and spin density wave order parameter (sdw). By employing the experimental and theoretical values of the parameters in the obtained expressions, phase diagrams of superconducting transition temperature (TC) versus superconducting order parameter (Sc) and spin density wave transition temperature (Tsdw), versus spin density wave order parameter (sdw) have been plotted. By combining the two phase diagrams, we have demonstrated the possible coexistence of superconductivity and spin density wave (SDW) in ferropnictide Ba1−xKxFe2As2. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Superconductivity" title="Superconductivity">Superconductivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Spin%20density%20wave" title=" Spin density wave"> Spin density wave</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Coexistence" title=" Coexistence"> Coexistence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Green%20function" title=" Green function"> Green function</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pnictides" title=" Pnictides"> Pnictides</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ba%E2%82%81%E2%82%8B%E2%82%93K%E2%82%93Fe%E2%82%82As%E2%82%82" title=" Ba₁₋ₓKₓFe₂As₂"> Ba₁₋ₓKₓFe₂As₂</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/119138/coexistence-of-superconductivity-and-spin-density-wave-in-ferropnictide-ba1kfe2as2" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/119138.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">173</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">49</span> Influence of Sr(BO2)2 Doping on Superconducting Properties of (Bi,Pb)-2223 Phase</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20G.%20Margiani">N. G. Margiani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20G.%20Kvartskhava"> I. G. Kvartskhava</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20A.%20Mumladze"> G. A. Mumladze</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Z.%20A.%20Adamia"> Z. A. Adamia</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Chemical doping with different elements and compounds at various amounts represents the most suitable approach to improve the superconducting properties of bismuth-based superconductors for technological applications. In this paper, the influence of partial substitution of Sr(BO<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub> for SrO on the phase formation kinetics and transport properties of (Bi,Pb)-2223 HTS has been studied for the first time. Samples with nominal composition Bi<sub>1.7</sub>Pb<sub>0.3</sub>Sr<sub>2-x</sub>Ca<sub>2</sub>Cu<sub>3</sub>O<sub>y</sub>[Sr(BO<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub>]<sub>x</sub>, x=0, 0.0375, 0.075, 0.15, 0.25, were prepared by the standard solid state processing. The appropriate mixtures were calcined at 845 <sup>o</sup>C for 40 h. The resulting materials were pressed into pellets and annealed at 837 <sup>o</sup>C for 30 h in air. Superconducting properties of undoped (reference) and Sr(BO<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub>-doped (Bi,Pb)-2223 compounds were investigated through X-ray diffraction (XRD), resistivity (ρ) and transport critical current density (J<sub>c</sub>) measurements. The surface morphology changes in the prepared samples were examined by scanning electron microscope (SEM). XRD and J<sub>c</sub> studies have shown that the low level Sr(BO<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2 </sub>doping (x=0.0375-0.075) to the Sr-site promotes the formation of high-T<sub>c </sub>phase and leads to the enhancement of current carrying capacity in (Bi,Pb)-2223 HTS. The doped sample with x=0.0375 has the best performance compared to other prepared samples. The estimated volume fraction of (Bi,Pb)-2223 phase increases from ~25 % for reference specimen to ~70 % for x=0.0375. Moreover, strong increase in the self-field J<sub>c</sub> value was observed for this dopant amount (J<sub>c</sub>=340 A/cm<sup>2</sup>), compared to an undoped sample (J<sub>c</sub>=110 A/cm<sup>2</sup>). Pronounced enhancement of superconducting properties of (Bi,Pb)-2223 superconductor can be attributed to the acceleration of high-T<sub>c</sub> phase formation as well as the improvement of inter-grain connectivity by small amounts of Sr(BO<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub> dopant. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bismuth-based%20superconductor" title="bismuth-based superconductor">bismuth-based superconductor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=critical%20current%20density" title=" critical current density"> critical current density</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phase%20formation" title=" phase formation"> phase formation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sr%28BO%E2%82%82%29%E2%82%82%20doping" title=" Sr(BO₂)₂ doping"> Sr(BO₂)₂ doping</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89585/influence-of-srbo22-doping-on-superconducting-properties-of-bipb-2223-phase" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89585.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">244</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">48</span> 3D Simulation of the Twin-Aperture IRON Superconducting Quadrupole for Charm-Tau Factory </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20K.%20Riabchenko">K. K. Riabchenko</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20V%20Rybitskaya"> T. V Rybitskaya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20A.%20Starostenko"> A. A. Starostenko</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Sper Charm-Tau Factory is a double ring e+e- collider to be operated in the center-of-mass energy range from 2 to 6 GeV, with a peak luminosity of about 1035 cm-2s-1 (Crab Waist collision) and with longitudinally polarized electrons at the IP (interaction point). One of the important elements of the cτ-factory is the superconducting two-aperture quadrupole of the final focus. It was decided to make a full-scale prototype quadrupole. The main objectives of our study included: 1) 3D modeling of the quadrupole in the Opera program, 2) Optimization of the geometry of the quadrupole lens, 3) Study of the influence of magnetic properties and geometry of a quadrupole on integral harmonics. In addition to this, the ways of producing unwanted harmonics have been studied. In the course of this work, a 3D model of a two-aperture iron superconducting quadrupole lens was created. A three-dimensional simulation of the magnetic field was performed, and the geometrical parameters of the lens were selected. Calculations helped to find sources of possible errors and methods for correcting unwanted harmonics. In addition to this, calculations show that there are no obstacles to the production of a prototype lens. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=super%20c%CF%84-factory" title="super cτ-factory">super cτ-factory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=final%20focus" title=" final focus"> final focus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=twin%20aperture%20quadrupole%20lens" title=" twin aperture quadrupole lens"> twin aperture quadrupole lens</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=integral%20harmonics" title=" integral harmonics"> integral harmonics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/109778/3d-simulation-of-the-twin-aperture-iron-superconducting-quadrupole-for-charm-tau-factory" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/109778.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">123</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">47</span> Superconducting Properties of Fe Doped in Cu-Site of Bi1.6Pb0.4Sr2Ca2Cu3-xFexOy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20A.%20Suazlina">M. A. Suazlina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Azhan"> H. Azhan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20A.%20Syamsyir"> S. A. Syamsyir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Y.%20S.%20Yusainee"> S. Y. S. Yusainee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Fe2O3 was doped to Bi-2223 superconductor prepared in bulk form using high purity oxide powders via solid state reaction technique with intermediate grinding. A stiochiometric of x=0.00, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08 and 0.10 Fe are systematically added to the well balanced Bi1.6Pb0.4Sr2Ca2Cu3-xFexOy in order to trace the effect of Fe doping to the system. Microstructure, resistive transitions, phase volume, and cell parameters were hence investigated. Substitution of Fe is found to slowly decrease the Bi-2223 phase volume and the resistive transitions for x=0.00 – 0.10 samples whereas accelerated formation of the Bi-2212 phase is detected for further substitutions. Changes in superconducting properties of Fe-doping Bi-2223 system were discussed and the findings were further compared with available literature. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BSCCO" title="BSCCO">BSCCO</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=critical%20temperature" title=" critical temperature"> critical temperature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=critical%20current%20density" title=" critical current density"> critical current density</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=XRD" title=" XRD"> XRD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flux%20pinning" title=" flux pinning"> flux pinning</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43230/superconducting-properties-of-fe-doped-in-cu-site-of-bi16pb04sr2ca2cu3-xfexoy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43230.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">390</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">46</span> Analysis of Superconducting and Optical Properties in Atomic Layer Deposition and Sputtered Thin Films for Next-Generation Single-Photon Detectors</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nidhi%20Choudhary">Nidhi Choudhary</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Silke%20A.%20Peeters"> Silke A. Peeters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ciaran%20T.%20Lennon"> Ciaran T. Lennon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dmytro%20Besprozvannyy"> Dmytro Besprozvannyy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Harm%20C.%20M.%20Knoops"> Harm C. M. Knoops</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Robert%20H.%20Hadfield"> Robert H. Hadfield</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Superconducting Nanowire Single Photon Detectors (SNSPDs) have become leading devices in quantum optics and photonics, known for their exceptional efficiency in detecting single photons from ultraviolet to mid-infrared wavelengths with minimal dark counts, low noise, and reduced timing jitter. Recent advancements in materials science focus attention on refractory metal thin films such as NbN and NbTiN to enhance the optical properties and superconducting performance of SNSPDs, opening the way for next-generation detectors. These films have been deposited by several different techniques, such as atomic layer deposition (ALD), plasma pro-advanced plasma processing (ASP) and magnetron sputtering. The fabrication flexibility of these films enables precise control over morphology, crystallinity, stoichiometry and optical properties, which is crucial for optimising the SNSPD performance. Hence, it is imperative to study the optical and superconducting properties of these materials across a wide range of wavelengths. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the optical and superconducting properties of some important materials in this category (NbN, NbTiN) by different deposition methods. Using Variable angle ellipsometry spectroscopy (VASE), we measured the refractive index, extinction, and absorption coefficient across a wide wavelength range (200-1700 nm) to enhance light confinement for optical communication devices. The critical temperature and sheet resistance were measured using a four-probe method in a custom-built, cryogen-free cooling system with a Sumitomo RDK-101D cold head and CNA-11C compressor. Our results indicate that ALD-deposited NbN shows a higher refractive index and extinction coefficient in the near-infrared region (~1500 nm) than sputtered NbN of the same thickness. Further, the analysis of the optical properties of plasma pro-ASP deposited NbTiN was performed at different substrate bias voltages and different thicknesses. The analysis of substrate bias voltage indicates that the maximum value of the refractive index and extinction coefficient observed for the substrate biasing of 50-80 V across a substrate bias range of (0 V - 150 V). The optical properties of sputtered NbN films are also investigated in terms of the different substrate temperatures during deposition (100 °C-500 °C). We find the higher the substrate temperature during deposition, the higher the value of the refractive index and extinction coefficient has been observed. In all our superconducting thin films ALD-deposited NbN films possess the highest critical temperature (~12 K) compared to sputtered (~8 K) and plasma pro-ASP (~5 K). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optical%20communication" title="optical communication">optical communication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thin%20films" title=" thin films"> thin films</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=superconductivity" title=" superconductivity"> superconductivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=atomic%20layer%20deposition%20%28ALD%29" title=" atomic layer deposition (ALD)"> atomic layer deposition (ALD)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=niobium%20nitride%20%28NbN%29" title=" niobium nitride (NbN)"> niobium nitride (NbN)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=niobium%20titanium%20nitride%20%28NbTiN%29" title=" niobium titanium nitride (NbTiN)"> niobium titanium nitride (NbTiN)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SNSPD" title=" SNSPD"> SNSPD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=superconducting%20detector" title=" superconducting detector"> superconducting detector</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photon-counting." title=" photon-counting."> photon-counting.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/190213/analysis-of-superconducting-and-optical-properties-in-atomic-layer-deposition-and-sputtered-thin-films-for-next-generation-single-photon-detectors" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/190213.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">29</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">45</span> Potential of High Performance Ring Spinning Based on Superconducting Magnetic Bearing </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Hossain">M. Hossain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Abdkader"> A. Abdkader</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20Cherif"> C. Cherif</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Berger"> A. Berger</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Sparing"> M. Sparing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20H%C3%BChne"> R. Hühne</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Schultz"> L. Schultz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Nielsch"> K. Nielsch </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Due to the best quality of yarn and the flexibility of the machine, the ring spinning process is the most widely used spinning method for short staple yarn production. However, the productivity of these machines is still much lower in comparison to other spinning systems such as rotor or air-jet spinning process. The main reason for this limitation lies on the twisting mechanism of the ring spinning process. In the ring/traveler twisting system, each rotation of the traveler along with the ring inserts twist in the yarn. The rotation of the traveler at higher speed includes strong frictional forces, which in turn generates heat. Different ring/traveler systems concerning with its geometries, material combinations and coatings have already been implemented to solve the frictional problem. However, such developments can neither completely solve the frictional problem nor increase the productivity. The friction free superconducting magnetic bearing (SMB) system can be a right alternative replacing the existing ring/traveler system. The unique concept of SMB bearings is that they possess a self-stabilizing behavior, i.e. they remain fully passive without any necessity for expensive position sensing and control. Within the framework of a research project funded by German research foundation (DFG), suitable concepts of the SMB-system have been designed, developed, and integrated as a twisting device of ring spinning replacing the existing ring/traveler system. With the help of the developed mathematical model and experimental investigation, the physical limitations of this innovative twisting device in the spinning process have been determined. The interaction among the parameters of the spinning process and the superconducting twisting element has been further evaluated, which derives the concrete information regarding the new spinning process. Moreover, the influence of the implemented SMB twisting system on the yarn quality has been analyzed with respect to different process parameters. The presented work reveals the enormous potential of the innovative twisting mechanism, so that the productivity of the ring spinning process especially in case of thermoplastic materials can be at least doubled for the first time in a hundred years. The SMB ring spinning tester has also been presented in the international fair “International Textile Machinery Association (ITMA) 2015”. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ring%20spinning" title="ring spinning">ring spinning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=superconducting%20magnetic%20bearing" title=" superconducting magnetic bearing"> superconducting magnetic bearing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=yarn%20properties" title=" yarn properties"> yarn properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=productivity" title=" productivity"> productivity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77595/potential-of-high-performance-ring-spinning-based-on-superconducting-magnetic-bearing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77595.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">237</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">44</span> The Mechanism of Design and Analysis Modeling of Performance of Variable Speed Wind Turbine and Dynamical Control of Wind Turbine Power</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammadreza%20Heydariazad">Mohammadreza Heydariazad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Productivity growth of wind energy as a clean source needed to achieve improved strategy in production and transmission and management of wind resources in order to increase quality of power and reduce costs. New technologies based on power converters that cause changing turbine speed to suit the wind speed blowing turbine improve extraction efficiency power from wind. This article introduces variable speed wind turbines and optimization of power, and presented methods to use superconducting inductor in the composition of power converter and is proposed the dc measurement for the wind farm and especially is considered techniques available to them. In fact, this article reviews mechanisms and function, changes of wind speed turbine according to speed control strategies of various types of wind turbines and examines power possible transmission and ac from producing location to suitable location for a strong connection integrating wind farm generators, without additional cost or equipment. It also covers main objectives of the dynamic control of wind turbines, and the methods of exploitation and the ways of using it that includes the unique process of these components. Effective algorithm is presented for power control in order to extract maximum active power and maintains power factor at the desired value. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wind%20energy" title="wind energy">wind energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=generator" title=" generator"> generator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=superconducting%20inductor" title=" superconducting inductor"> superconducting inductor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wind%20turbine%20power" title=" wind turbine power"> wind turbine power</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10467/the-mechanism-of-design-and-analysis-modeling-of-performance-of-variable-speed-wind-turbine-and-dynamical-control-of-wind-turbine-power" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10467.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">327</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">43</span> Microscopic Analysis of Bulk, High-Tc Superconductors by Transmission Kikuchi Diffraction</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anjela%20Koblischka-Veneva">Anjela Koblischka-Veneva</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michael%20R.%20Koblischka"> Michael R. Koblischka</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this contribution, the Transmission-Kikuchi Diffraction (TKD, or sometimes called t-EBSD) is applied to bulk, melt-grown YBa₂Cu₃O₇ (YBCO) superconductors prepared by the MTMG (melt-textured melt-grown) technique and the infiltration growth (IG) technique. TEM slices required for the analysis were prepared by means of Focused Ion-Beam (FIB) milling using mechanically polished sample surfaces, which enable a proper selection of the interesting regions for investigations. The required optical transparency was reached by an additional polishing step of the resulting surfaces using FIB-Ga-ion and Ar-ion milling. The improved spatial resolution of TKD enabled the investigation of the tiny YBa₂Cu₃O₅ (Y-211) particles having a diameter of about 50-100 nm embedded within the YBCO matrix and of other added secondary phase particles. With the TKD technique, the microstructural properties of the YBCO matrix are studied in detail. It is observed that the matrix shows the effects of stress/strain, depending on the size and distribution of the embedded particles, which are important for providing additional flux pinning centers in such superconducting bulk samples. Using the Kernel Average Misorientation (KAM) maps, the strain induced in the superconducting matrix around the particles, which increases the flux pinning effectivity, can be clearly revealed. This type of analysis of the EBSD/TKD data is, therefore, also important for other material systems, where nanoparticles are embedded in a matrix. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transmission%20Kikuchi%20diffraction" title="transmission Kikuchi diffraction">transmission Kikuchi diffraction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EBSD" title=" EBSD"> EBSD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TKD" title=" TKD"> TKD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=embedded%20particles" title=" embedded particles"> embedded particles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=superconductors%20YBa%E2%82%82Cu%E2%82%83O%E2%82%87" title=" superconductors YBa₂Cu₃O₇"> superconductors YBa₂Cu₃O₇</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/123869/microscopic-analysis-of-bulk-high-tc-superconductors-by-transmission-kikuchi-diffraction" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/123869.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">135</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">42</span> Microscopic Analysis of Bulk, High-TC Superconductors by Transmission Kikuchi Diffraction</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anjela%20Koblischka-Veneva">Anjela Koblischka-Veneva</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michael%20Koblischka"> Michael Koblischka</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this contribution, the transmission-Kikuchi diffrac-tion (TKD, or sometimes called t-EBSD) is applied to bulk, melt-grown YBa2Cu3O7 (YBCO) superconductors prepared by the MTMG (melt-textured melt-grown) technique and the infiltration (IG) growth technique. TEM slices required for the analysis were prepared by means of focused ion-beam (FIB) milling using mechanically polished sample surfaces, which enable a proper selection of the in-teresting regions for investigations. The required optical transparency was reached by an additional polishing step of the resulting surfaces using FIB-Ga-ion and Ar-ion milling. The improved spatial resolution of TKD enabled the investigation of the tiny Y2BaCuO5 (Y-211) particles having a diameter of about 50-100 nm embedded within the YBCO matrix and of other added secondary phase particles. With the TKD technique, the microstructural properties of the YBCO matrix are studied in detail. It is observed that the matrix shows effects of stress/strain, depending on the size and distribution of the embedded particles, which are important for providing additional flux pinning centers in such superconducting bulk samples. Using the Kernel average misorientation (KAM) maps, the strain induced in the superconducting matrix around the particles, which increases the flux pinning effectivity, can be clearly revealed. This type of analysis of the EBSD/TKD data is, therefore, also important for other material systems, where nanoparticles are embedded in a matrix. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electron%20backscatter%20Diffraction" title="electron backscatter Diffraction">electron backscatter Diffraction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transmission%20Kikuchi%20diffraction" title=" transmission Kikuchi diffraction"> transmission Kikuchi diffraction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SEM" title=" SEM"> SEM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=YBCO" title=" YBCO"> YBCO</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microstructure" title=" microstructure"> microstructure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanoparticles" title=" nanoparticles"> nanoparticles</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/126917/microscopic-analysis-of-bulk-high-tc-superconductors-by-transmission-kikuchi-diffraction" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/126917.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">128</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">41</span> The Unique Electrical and Magnetic Properties of Thorium Di-Iodide Indicate the Arrival of Its Superconducting State</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dong%20Zhao">Dong Zhao</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Even though the recent claim of room temperature superconductivity by LK-99 was confirmed an unsuccessful attempt, this work reawakened people’s century striving to get applicable superconductors with Tc of room temperature or higher and under ambient pressure. One of the efforts was focusing on exploring the thorium salts. This is because certain thorium compounds revealed an unusual property of having both high electrical conductivity and diamagnetism or the so-called “coexistence of high electrical conductivity and diamagnetism.” It is well known that this property of the coexistence of high electrical conductivity and diamagnetism is held by superconductors because of the electron pairings. Consequently, the likelihood for these thorium compounds to have superconducting properties becomes great. However, as a surprise, these thorium salts possess this property at room temperature and atmosphere pressure. This gives rise to solid evidence for these thorium compounds to be room-temperature superconductors without a need for external pressure. Among these thorium compound superconductors claimed in that work, thorium di-iodide (ThI₂) is a unique one and has received comprehensive discussion. ThI₂ was synthesized and structurally analyzed by the single crystal diffraction method in the 1960s. Its special property of coexistence of high electrical conductivity and diamagnetism was revealed. Because of this unique property, a special molecular configuration was sketched. Except for an ordinary oxidation of +2 for the thorium cation, the thorium’s oxidation state in ThI₂ is +4. According to the experimental results, ThI₂‘s actual molecular configuration was determined as an unusual one of [Th4+(e-)2](I-)2. This means that the ThI₂ salt’s cation is composed of a [Th4+(e-)2]2+ cation core. In other words, the cation of ThI₂ is constructed by combining an oxidation state +4 of the thorium atom and a pair of electrons or an electron lone pair located on the thorium atom. This combination of the thorium atom and the electron lone pair leads to an oxidation state +2 for the [Th4+(e-)2]2+ cation core. This special construction of the thorium cation is very distinctive, which is believed to be the factor that grants ThI₂ the room temperature superconductivity. Actually, the key for ThI₂ to become a room-temperature superconductor is this characteristic electron lone pair residing on the thorium atom along with the formation of a network constructed by the thorium atoms. This network specializes in a way that allows the electron lone pairs to hop over it and, thus, to generate the supercurrent. This work will discuss, in detail, the special electrical and magnetic properties of ThI₂ as well as its structural features at ambient conditions. The exploration of how the electron pairing in combination with the structurally specialized network works together to bring ThI₂ into a superconducting state. From the experimental results, strong evidence has definitely pointed out that the ThI₂ should be a superconductor, at least at room temperature and under atmosphere pressure. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=co-existence%20of%20high%20electrical%20conductivity%20and%20diamagnetism" title="co-existence of high electrical conductivity and diamagnetism">co-existence of high electrical conductivity and diamagnetism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electron%20lone%20pair" title=" electron lone pair"> electron lone pair</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=room%20temperature%20superconductor" title=" room temperature superconductor"> room temperature superconductor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=special%20molecular%20configuration%20of%20thorium%20di-iodide%20ThI%E2%82%82" title=" special molecular configuration of thorium di-iodide ThI₂"> special molecular configuration of thorium di-iodide ThI₂</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/181504/the-unique-electrical-and-magnetic-properties-of-thorium-di-iodide-indicate-the-arrival-of-its-superconducting-state" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/181504.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">57</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">40</span> The Study of Magnetic and Transport Properties in Normal State Eu1.85+yCe0.15-yCu1-yFeyO4+α-δ </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Risdiana">Risdiana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Suhendar"> D. Suhendar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Pratiwi"> S. Pratiwi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W.%20A.%20Somantri"> W. A. Somantri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Saragi"> T. Saragi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Superconductor is a promising material for future applications especially for energy saving because of their advantages properties such as zero electrical resistivity when they are cooled down to sufficiently low temperatures. However, the mechanism describing the role of physical properties in superconductor is far from being understood clearly, so that the application of this material for wider benefit in various industries is very limited. Most of superconductors are cuprate compounds, which has CuO2 as a conducting plane in their crystal structures. The study of physical properties through the partially substitution of impurity for Cu in superconducting cuprates has been one of great interests in relation to the mechanism of superconductivity. Different behaviors between the substitution of nonmagnetic impurity and magnetic impurity for Cu are observed. For examples, the superconductivity and Cu-spin fluctuations in the electron-doped system are suppressed through the substitution of magnetic Ni for Cu more markedly than through the substitution of nonmagnetic Zn for Cu, which is contrary to the result in the hole-doped system. Here, we reported the effect of partially substitution of magnetic impurity Fe for Cu to the magnetic and transport properties in electron-doped superconducting cuprates of Eu1.85+yCe0.15-yCu1-yFeyO4+α-δ (ECCFO) with y = 0.01, 0.02, and 0.05, in order to investigate the mechanism of magnetic and transport properties of ECCFO in normal-state. Magnetic properties are investigated by DC magnetic-susceptibility measurements that carried out at low temperatures down to 2 K using a standard SQUID magnetometer in a magnetic field of 5 Oe on field cooling. Transport properties addressed to electron mobility, are extracted from radius of electron localization calculated from temperature dependence of resistivity. For y = 0, temperature dependence of dc magnetic-susceptibility indicated the change of magnetic behavior from paramagnetic to diamagnetic below 15 K. Above 15 K, all samples show paramagnetic behavior with the values of magnetic moment in every volume unit increased with increasing y. Electron mobility decreased with increasing y. Some reasons for these results will be discussed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DC%20magnetic-susceptibility" title="DC magnetic-susceptibility">DC magnetic-susceptibility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electron%20mobility" title=" electron mobility"> electron mobility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eu1.85%2ByCe0.15-yCu1-yFeyO4%2B%CE%B1-%CE%B4" title=" Eu1.85+yCe0.15-yCu1-yFeyO4+α-δ"> Eu1.85+yCe0.15-yCu1-yFeyO4+α-δ</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=normal%20state" title=" normal state"> normal state</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29964/the-study-of-magnetic-and-transport-properties-in-normal-state-eu185yce015-ycu1-yfeyo4a-d" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29964.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">348</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">39</span> Possible Sulfur Induced Superconductivity in Nano-Diamond</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Mona">J. Mona</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20R.%20da%20Silva"> R. R. da Silva</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.-L.Cheng"> C.-L.Cheng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20Kopelevich"> Y. Kopelevich</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We report on a possible occurrence of superconductivity in 5 nm particle size diamond powders treated with sulfur (S) at 500 o C for 10 hours in ~10-2 Torr vacuum. Superconducting-like magnetization hysteresis loops M(H) have been measured up to ~ 50 K by means of the SQUID magnetometer (Quantum Design). Both X-ray (Θ-2Θ geometry) and Raman spectroscopy analyses revealed no impurity or additional phases. Nevertheless, the measured Raman spectra are characteristic to the diamond with embedded disordered carbon and/or graphitic fragments suggesting a link to the previous reports of the local or surface superconductivity in graphite- and amorphous carbon–sulfur composites. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanodiamond" title="nanodiamond">nanodiamond</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sulfur" title=" sulfur"> sulfur</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=superconductivity" title=" superconductivity"> superconductivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raman%20spectroscopy" title=" Raman spectroscopy "> Raman spectroscopy </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14990/possible-sulfur-induced-superconductivity-in-nano-diamond" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14990.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">492</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">38</span> Magnetic Lines of Force and Diamagnetism</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Angel%20P%C3%A9rez%20S%C3%A1nchez">Angel Pérez Sánchez</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Magnet attraction or repulsion is not a product of a strange force from afar but comes from anchored lines of force inside the magnet as if it were reinforced concrete since you can move a small block by taking the steel rods that protrude from its interior. This approach serves as a basis for studying the behavior of diamagnetic materials. The significance of this study is to unify all diamagnetic phenomena: Movement of grapes, cooper approaching a magnet, Magnet levitation, etc., with a single explanation for all these phenomena. The method followed has consisted of observation of hundreds of diamagnetism experiments (in copper, aluminum, grapes, tomatoes, and bismuth), including the creation of own and new experiments and application of logical deduction product of these observations. Approaching a magnet to a hanging grape, Diamagnetism seems to consist not only of a slight repulsion but also of a slight attraction at a small distance. Replacing the grapes with a copper sphere, it behaves like the grape, pushing and pulling a nearby magnet. Diamagnetism could be redefined in the following way: There are materials that don't magnetize their internal structure when approaching a magnet, as ferromagnetic materials do. But they do allow magnetic lines of force to run through its interior, enhancing them without creating their own lines of force. Magnet levitates on superconducting ceramics because magnet gives lines near poles a force superior to what a superconductor can enhance these lines. Little further from the magnet, enhancing of lines by the superconductor is greater than the strength provided by the magnet due to the distance from the magnet's pole. It is this point that defines the magnet's levitation band. The anchoring effect of lines is what ultimately keeps the magnet and superconductor at a certain distance. The magnet seeks to levitate the area in which magnetic lines are stronger near de magnet's poles. Pouring ferrofluid into a magnet, lines of force are observed coming out of the poles. On other occasions, diamagnetic materials simply enhance the lines they receive without moving their position since their own weight is greater than the strength of the enhanced lines. (This is the case with grapes and copper). Magnet and diamagnetic materials look for a place where the lines of force are most enhanced, and this is at a small distance. Once the ideal distance is established, they tend to keep it by pushing or pulling on each other. At a certain distance from the magnet: the power exerted by diamagnetic materials is greater than the force of lines in the vicinity of the magnet's poles. All Diamagnetism phenomena: copper, aluminum, grapes, tomatoes, bismuth levitation, and magnet levitation on superconducting ceramics can now be explained with the support of magnetic lines of force. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diamagnetism" title="diamagnetism">diamagnetism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20levitation" title=" magnetic levitation"> magnetic levitation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20lines%20of%20force" title=" magnetic lines of force"> magnetic lines of force</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=enhancing%20magnetic%20lines" title=" enhancing magnetic lines"> enhancing magnetic lines</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163614/magnetic-lines-of-force-and-diamagnetism" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163614.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">88</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">37</span> Results of Three-Year Operation of 220kV Pilot Superconducting Fault Current Limiter in Moscow Power Grid</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Moyzykh">M. Moyzykh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20Klichuk"> I. Klichuk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Sabirov"> L. Sabirov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Kolomentseva"> D. Kolomentseva</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20Magommedov"> E. Magommedov</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Modern city electrical grids are forced to increase their density due to the increasing number of customers and requirements for reliability and resiliency. However, progress in this direction is often limited by the capabilities of existing network equipment. New energy sources or grid connections increase the level of short-circuit currents in the adjacent network, which can exceed the maximum rating of equipment–breaking capacity of circuit breakers, thermal and dynamic current withstand qualities of disconnectors, cables, and transformers. Superconducting fault current limiter (SFCL) is a modern solution designed to deal with the increasing fault current levels in power grids. The key feature of this device is its instant (less than 2 ms) limitation of the current level due to the nature of the superconductor. In 2019 Moscow utilities installed SuperOx SFCL in the city power grid to test the capabilities of this novel technology. The SFCL became the first SFCL in the Russian energy system and is currently the most powerful SFCL in the world. Modern SFCL uses second-generation high-temperature superconductor (2G HTS). Despite its name, HTS still requires low temperatures of liquid nitrogen for operation. As a result, Moscow SFCL is built with a cryogenic system to provide cooling to the superconductor. The cryogenic system consists of three cryostats that contain a superconductor part and are filled with liquid nitrogen (three phases), three cryocoolers, one water chiller, three cryopumps, and pressure builders. All these components are controlled by an automatic control system. SFCL has been continuously operating on the city grid for over three years. During that period of operation, numerous faults occurred, including cryocooler failure, chiller failure, pump failure, and others (like a cryogenic system power outage). All these faults were eliminated without an SFCL shut down due to the specially designed cryogenic system backups and quick responses of grid operator utilities and the SuperOx crew. The paper will describe in detail the results of SFCL operation and cryogenic system maintenance and what measures were taken to solve and prevent similar faults in the future. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=superconductivity" title="superconductivity">superconductivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=current%20limiter" title=" current limiter"> current limiter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SFCL" title=" SFCL"> SFCL</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HTS" title=" HTS"> HTS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=utilities" title=" utilities"> utilities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cryogenics" title=" cryogenics"> cryogenics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162057/results-of-three-year-operation-of-220kv-pilot-superconducting-fault-current-limiter-in-moscow-power-grid" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162057.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">80</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=superconducting&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=superconducting&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=superconducting&page=2" rel="next">&rsaquo;</a></li> </ul> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/WASET-16th-foundational-anniversary.pdf">WASET celebrates its 16th foundational anniversary</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Account <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile">My Account</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Explore <li><a href="https://waset.org/disciplines">Disciplines</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conferences">Conferences</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conference-programs">Conference Program</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/committees">Committees</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Publications</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Research <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Open Science <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Philosophy.pdf">Open Science Philosophy</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Award.pdf">Open Science Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Society-Open-Science-and-Open-Innovation.pdf">Open Innovation</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Postdoctoral-Fellowship-Award.pdf">Postdoctoral Fellowship Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Scholarly-Research-Review.pdf">Scholarly Research Review</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Support <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">Support</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Contact Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Report Abuse</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container text-center"> <hr style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.3rem;"> <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank" class="text-muted small">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</a> <div id="copy" class="mt-2">© 2024 World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology</div> </div> </footer> <a href="javascript:" id="return-to-top"><i class="fas fa-arrow-up"></i></a> <div class="modal" id="modal-template"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="row m-0 mt-1"> <div class="col-md-12"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button> </div> </div> <div class="modal-body"></div> </div> </div> </div> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/jquery-3.3.1.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/js/site.js?v=150220211556"></script> <script> jQuery(document).ready(function() { /*jQuery.get("https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", function (response) { jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); });*/ jQuery.get({ url: "https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", cache: false }).then(function(response){ jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); }); }); </script> </body> </html>