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energy markets</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: changing energy markets"> <meta name="keywords" content="changing energy markets"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="changing energy markets"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 11237</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: changing energy markets</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11237</span> Disperse Innovation in the Turning German Energy Market</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Gochermann">J. Gochermann</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> German energy market is under historical change. Turning-off the nuclear power plants and intensive subsidization of the renewable energies causes a paradigm change from big central energy production and distribution to more local structures, bringing the energy production near to the consumption. The formerly big energy market with only a few big energy plants and grid operating companies is changing into a disperse market with growing numbers of small and medium size companies (SME) generating new value-added products and services. This change in then energy market, in Germany called the “Energiewende”, inverts also the previous innovation system. Big power plants and large grids required also big operating companies. Innovations in the energy market focused mainly on big projects and complex energy technologies. Innovation in the new energy market structure is much more dispersed. Increasing number of SME is now able to develop energy production and storage technologies, smart technologies to control the grids, and numerous new energy related services. Innovation is now regional distributed, which is a remarkable problem for the old big energy companies. The paper will explain the change in the German energy market and the paradigm change as well as the consequences for the innovation structure in the German energy market. It will show examples how SME participate from this change and how innovation systems, as well for the big companies and for SME, can be adapted. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=changing%20energy%20markets" title="changing energy markets">changing energy markets</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=disperse%20innovation" title=" disperse innovation"> disperse innovation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=new%20value-added%20products%20and%20services" title=" new value-added products and services"> new value-added products and services</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SME" title=" SME "> SME </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10443/disperse-innovation-in-the-turning-german-energy-market" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10443.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">349</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11236</span> Predatory Pricing at Services Markets: Incentives, Mechanisms, Standards of Proving, and Remedies</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mykola%20G.%20Boichuk">Mykola G. Boichuk</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The paper concerns predatory pricing incentives and mechanisms in the markets of services, as well as its anti-competitive effects. As cost estimation at services markets is more complex in comparison to markets of goods, predatory pricing is more difficult to detect in the provision of services. For instance, this is often the case for professional services, which is analyzed in the paper. The special attention is given to employment markets as de-facto main supply markets for professional services markets. Also, the paper concerns such instances as travel agents' services, where predatory pricing may have implications not only on competition but on a wider range of public interest as well. Thus, the paper develops on effective ways to apply competition law rules on predatory pricing to the provision of services. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=employment%20markets" title="employment markets">employment markets</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=predatory%20pricing" title=" predatory pricing"> predatory pricing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=services%20markets" title=" services markets"> services markets</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=unfair%20competition" title=" unfair competition"> unfair competition</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68895/predatory-pricing-at-services-markets-incentives-mechanisms-standards-of-proving-and-remedies" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68895.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">326</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11235</span> Assessment of Marketing and Financial Activities of Night Markets in the Nigerian Economy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adedeji%20Tejumola%20Olugboja">Adedeji Tejumola Olugboja</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Night markets are physical locations in residential neighbourhoods where market parties interact. It is a kind of market where marketing activities commence by 6pm until after midnight. The problem of the study is to assess marketing activities in the night markets. Specific objectives for this study include determining volume of business activities, numbers of market parties etc in the selected night markets. The purposive sampling technique is adopted for this study and the four night markets in the area of study are selected as sample: Aggregate of 173 retailers and an average of 2583 consumers daily operate in these night markets. The use of tables, simple percentage and descriptive statistics were employed for data analysis and presentation. Findings revealed volume of marketing activities, sales per night, profit per night and savings per day in each of these night markets. Government should erect street lights and repair damaged ones in these night markets to make night markets more lucrative. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marketing%20activities" title="marketing activities">marketing activities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=night%20markets" title=" night markets"> night markets</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nigerian%20economy" title=" Nigerian economy"> Nigerian economy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/118637/assessment-of-marketing-and-financial-activities-of-night-markets-in-the-nigerian-economy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/118637.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">219</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11234</span> Energy Box Programme in the Netherlands</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20E.%20Weber">B. E. Weber</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Vrielink"> N. Vrielink</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20G.%20Rietbergen"> M. G. Rietbergen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper explores the long-term effects of the Energy Box trajectory on households in the private rental sector, specifically households experiencing energy poverty. The concept of energy poverty has been getting increasing attention among policymakers over the past few years. In the Netherlands, as far as we know, there are no national policies on alleviating energy poverty, which negatively impacts energy-poor households. The Energy Box can help households experiencing energy poverty by stimulating them to improve the energy efficiency of their home by changing their energy-saving behavior. Important long-term effects are that respondents indicate that they live in a more environmentally friendly way and that they save money on their energy bills. Households feel engaged with the concept of energy-saving and can see the benefits of changing their energy-saving behavior. Respondents perceived the Energy Box as a means to live more environmentally friendly, instead of it solely being a means to save money on energy bills. The findings show that most respondents signed up for the Energy Box are interested in energy-saving as a lifestyle choice instead of a financial choice, which would likely be the case for households experiencing energy poverty. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy-saving%20behavior" title="energy-saving behavior">energy-saving behavior</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20poverty" title=" energy poverty"> energy poverty</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=poverty" title=" poverty"> poverty</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=private%20rental%20sector" title=" private rental sector"> private rental sector</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/159939/energy-box-programme-in-the-netherlands" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/159939.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">115</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11233</span> A Network Approach to Analyzing Financial Markets</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yusuf%20Seedat">Yusuf Seedat</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The necessity to understand global financial markets has increased following the unfortunate spread of the recent financial crisis around the world. Financial markets are considered to be complex systems consisting of highly volatile move-ments whose indexes fluctuate without any clear pattern. Analytic methods of stock prices have been proposed in which financial markets are modeled using common network analysis tools and methods. It has been found that two key components of social network analysis are relevant to modeling financial markets, allowing us to forecast accurate predictions of stock prices within the financial market. Financial markets have a number of interacting components, leading to complex behavioral patterns. This paper describes a social network approach to analyzing financial markets as a viable approach to studying the way complex stock markets function. We also look at how social network analysis techniques and metrics are used to gauge an understanding of the evolution of financial markets as well as how community detection can be used to qualify and quantify in-fluence within a network. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=network%20analysis" title="network analysis">network analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20networks" title=" social networks"> social networks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=financial%20markets" title=" financial markets"> financial markets</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stocks" title=" stocks"> stocks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nodes" title=" nodes"> nodes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=edges" title=" edges"> edges</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=complex%20networks" title=" complex networks"> complex networks</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142621/a-network-approach-to-analyzing-financial-markets" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142621.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">191</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11232</span> Behavioral Finance: Anomalies at Real Markets, Weekday Effect</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vera%20Jancurova">Vera Jancurova</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The financial theory is dominated by the believe that weekday effect has disappeared from current markets. The purpose of this article is to study anomalies, especially weekday effect, at real markets that disrupt the efficiency of financial markets. The research is based on the analyses of historical daily exchange rates of significant world indices to determine the presence of weekday effects on financial markets. The methodology used for the study is based on the analyzes of daily averages of particular indexes for different time periods. Average daily gains were analyzed for their whole time interval and then for particular five and ten years periods with the aim to detect the presence on current financial markets. The results confirm the presence of weekday effect at the most significant indices - for example: Nasdaq, S & P 500, FTSE 100 and the Hang Seng. It was confirmed that in the last ten years, the weekend effect disappeared from financial markets. However in last year’s the indicators show that weekday effect is coming back. The study shows that weekday effect has to be taken into consideration on financial markets, especially in the past years. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=indices" title="indices">indices</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anomalies" title=" anomalies"> anomalies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=behavioral%20finance" title=" behavioral finance"> behavioral finance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=weekday%20effect" title=" weekday effect"> weekday effect</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50986/behavioral-finance-anomalies-at-real-markets-weekday-effect" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50986.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">339</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11231</span> Calendar Anomalies in Islamic Frontier Markets</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aslam%20Faheem">Aslam Faheem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hunjra%20Ahmed%20Imran"> Hunjra Ahmed Imran</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tayachi%20Tahar"> Tayachi Tahar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Verhoeven%20Peter"> Verhoeven Peter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tariq%20Yasir"> Tariq Yasir</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We investigate the evidence of three risk-adjusted calendar anomalies in eight frontier markets. Our sample consists of the daily closing prices of their stock indices for the period of January 2006 to September 2019. We categorize the data with respect to day-of-the-week, Lunar calendar and Islamic calendar. Using Morgan Stanley Capital International (MSCI) eight Markets Index as our proxy of the market portfolio, most of the frontier markets tested exhibit calendar seasonality. We confirm that systematic risk varies with respect to day-of-the-week, Lunar months and Islamic months. After consideration of time-varying risk and applying Bonferroni correction, few frontier markets exhibit profitable investment opportunities from calendar return anomalies for active investment managers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=asset%20pricing" title="asset pricing">asset pricing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=frontier%20markets" title=" frontier markets"> frontier markets</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=market%20efficiency" title=" market efficiency"> market efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Islamic%20calendar%20effects" title=" Islamic calendar effects"> Islamic calendar effects</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Islamic%20stock%20markets" title=" Islamic stock markets"> Islamic stock markets</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143899/calendar-anomalies-in-islamic-frontier-markets" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143899.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">167</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11230</span> Flexible Alternative Current Transmission System Impact on Grid Stability and Power Markets</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdulrahman%20M.%20Alsuhaibani">Abdulrahman M. Alsuhaibani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Martin%20Maken"> Martin Maken</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> FACTS devices have great influence on the grid stability and power markets price. Recently, there is intent to integrate a large scale of renewable energy sources to the power system which in turn push the power system to operate closer to the security limits. This paper discusses the power system stability and reliability improvement that could be achieved by using FACTS. There is a comparison between FACTS devices to evaluate their performance for different functions. A case study has also been made about its effect on reducing generation cost and minimizing transmission losses which have good impact on efficient and economic operation of electricity markets <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FACTS" title="FACTS">FACTS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=grid%20stability" title=" grid stability"> grid stability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spot%20price" title=" spot price"> spot price</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=OPF" title=" OPF"> OPF</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150397/flexible-alternative-current-transmission-system-impact-on-grid-stability-and-power-markets" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150397.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">159</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11229</span> The Arabian Financial Framework in the Pre-Islamic Times: Do We Need a New Paradigm</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fahad%20Ahmed%20Qureshi">Fahad Ahmed Qureshi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> There were abundant renowned financial markets in Pre-Islamic Arabs. Most of those were patterned and settled during pre-particularized sunshine. Those markets were classified either as vernacular markets helping the neighboring clans, or habitual markets that people sojourned to from all articulations of the Arabian Peninsula, such as Okaz near Mecca. Some of those markets had leading significance due to their geographical positions, such as Prime market of Eden, because of their entanglement in international trade i.e. with the markets of Sub-Continent, Abyssinia, Persia and China. Other markets such as Market of Yamamah annex its gist from being situated on the caravan crossroads. Islamic worldview and Islamic epistemology base of Financial Market’s realistic theory, pragmatic model and operative approach is moderately constrained in terms of its growth. The existent situation only parasol the form of accommodative-modification and splendid-methodologies, which due to depleted and decorous endeavor in explaining Islamic financial market theoretically. This is the demand of time that particular studies should be conduct to magnify the devours in developing theoretical framework for Islamic Financial Market. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=financial%20market" title=" financial market"> financial market</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=history" title=" history"> history</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=research" title=" research"> research</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=product%20development" title=" product development"> product development</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34472/the-arabian-financial-framework-in-the-pre-islamic-times-do-we-need-a-new-paradigm" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34472.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">410</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11228</span> Estimating the Volatilite of Stock Markets in Case of Financial Crisis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gultekin%20Gurcay">Gultekin Gurcay</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, effects and responses of stock were analyzed. This analysis was done periodically. The dimensions of the financial crisis impact on the stock market were investigated by GARCH model. In this context, S&P 500 stock market is modeled with DAX, NIKKEI and BIST100. In this way, The effects of the changing in S&P 500 stock market were examined on European and Asian stock markets. Conditional variance coefficient will be calculated through garch model. The scope of the crisis period, the conditional covariance coefficient will be analyzed comparatively. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conditional%20variance%20coefficient" title="conditional variance coefficient">conditional variance coefficient</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=financial%20crisis" title=" financial crisis"> financial crisis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=garch%20model" title=" garch model"> garch model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stock%20market" title=" stock market"> stock market</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40843/estimating-the-volatilite-of-stock-markets-in-case-of-financial-crisis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40843.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">294</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11227</span> Exploring the Factors Affecting the Presence of Farmers’ Markets in Rural British Columbia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amirmohsen%20Behjat">Amirmohsen Behjat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aleck%20Ostry"> Aleck Ostry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Christina%20Miewald"> Christina Miewald</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bernie%20Pauly"> Bernie Pauly</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Farmers’ Markets have become one of the important healthy food suppliers in both rural communities and urban settings. Farmers’ markets are evolving and their number has rapidly increased in the past decade. Despite this drastic increase, the distribution of the farmers’ markets is not even across different areas. The main goal of this study is to explore the socioeconomic, geographic, and demographic variables which affect the establishment of farmers’ market in rural communities in British Columbia (BC). Thus, the data on available farmers’ markets in rural areas were collected from BC Association of Farmers’ Markets and spatially joined to BC map at Dissemination Area (DA) level using ArcGIS software to link the farmers’ market to the respective communities that they serve. Then, in order to investigate this issue and understand which rural communities farmer’ markets tend to operate, a binary logistic regression analysis was performed with the availability of farmer’ markets at DA-level as dependent variable and Deprivation Index (DI), Metro Influence Zone (MIZ) and population as independent variables. The results indicated that DI and MIZ variables are not statistically significant whereas the population is the only which had a significant contribution in predicting the availability of farmers’ markets in rural BC. Moreover, this study found that farmers’ markets usually do not operate in rural food deserts where other healthy food providers such as supermarkets and grocery stores are non-existent. In conclusion, the presence of farmers markets is not associated with socioeconomic and geographic characteristics of rural communities in BC, but farmers’ markets tend to operate in more populated rural communities in BC. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=farmers%E2%80%99%20markets" title="farmers’ markets">farmers’ markets</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=socioeconomic%20and%20demographic%20variables" title=" socioeconomic and demographic variables"> socioeconomic and demographic variables</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metro%20influence%20zone" title=" metro influence zone"> metro influence zone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=logistic%20regression" title=" logistic regression"> logistic regression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ArcGIS" title=" ArcGIS"> ArcGIS</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/104923/exploring-the-factors-affecting-the-presence-of-farmers-markets-in-rural-british-columbia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/104923.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">188</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11226</span> Understanding the Nature of Capital Allocation Problem in Corporate Finance</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Meltem%20Gurunlu">Meltem Gurunlu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> One of the central problems in corporate finance is the allocation of funds. This usually takes two forms: allocation of funds across firms in an economy or allocation of funds across projects or business units within a firm. The first one is typically related to the external markets (the bond market, the stock market, banks and finance companies) whereas the second form of the capital allocation is related to the internal capital markets in which corporate headquarters allocate capital to their business units. (within-group transfers, within-group credit markets, and within-group equity market). The main aim of this study is to investigate the nature of capital allocation dynamics by comparing the relevant studies carried out on external and internal capital markets with paying special significance to the business groups. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=internal%20capital%20markets" title="internal capital markets">internal capital markets</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=external%20capital%20markets" title=" external capital markets"> external capital markets</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=capital%20structure" title=" capital structure"> capital structure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=capital%20allocation" title=" capital allocation"> capital allocation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=business%20groups" title=" business groups"> business groups</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corporate%20finance" title=" corporate finance"> corporate finance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89423/understanding-the-nature-of-capital-allocation-problem-in-corporate-finance" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89423.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">196</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11225</span> Reverse Innovation in Subsistence and Developed Markets</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hailu%20Getnet">Hailu Getnet</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study focus on reverse innovation on performance outcomes across developed and subsistence markets context. The subsistence market consists two third of the world population and the largest international market. To date, it has been neglected because of its issues of perceived challenges and seeming unattractiveness compared to the established markets in the west. However, subsistence markets are becoming source of reverse innovation; an innovation that is likely to be adopted first in developing world and successfully traded globally. In response, there is a growing interest on reverse innovation to power the future. Based on the theories of innovation and growing subsistence market literatures, the study propose drivers and outcomes of reverse innovation, a potential similarities and difference in benefiting and challenging firms and consumers in subsistence and developed markets. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reverse%20innovation" title="reverse innovation">reverse innovation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=subsistence%20market" title=" subsistence market"> subsistence market</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=developing%20world" title=" developing world"> developing world</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=developed%20market" title=" developed market "> developed market </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36544/reverse-innovation-in-subsistence-and-developed-markets" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36544.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">325</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11224</span> Long-Run Relationship among Tehran Stock Exchange and the GCC Countries Financial Markets, Before and After 2007/2008 Financial Crisis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Hossein%20Ranjbar">Mohammad Hossein Ranjbar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahdi%20Bagheri"> Mahdi Bagheri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Shivaraj"> B. Shivaraj</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study attempts to investigate the relationship between stock market of Iran and GCC countries stock exchanges. Eight markets were included: the stock market of Iran, Kuwait, Bahrain, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Dubai, Abu Dhabi and Oman. Daily country market indices were collected from January 2005 to December 2010. The potential time-varying behaviors of long-run stock market relationship among selected markets are tested applying correlation test, Augmented Dick Fuller test (ADF), Bilateral and Multilateral Cointegration (Johansen), and the Granger Causality test. The findings suggest that stock market of Iran is negatively correlated with most of the selected markets in the whole duration. But contemporaneous correlations among the eight selected markets are increased positively in period of financial crises. Bilateral Cointegration between selected markets suggests that there is no integration between Tehran stock exchange and other selected markets. Among other markets, except the stock market of Dubai and Abu Dhabi as a one pair, are not cointegrated in whole, but in duration of financial crises integration between selected markets are increased. Finally, investigation of the casual relationship among eight financial markets suggests there are unidirectional and bidirectional causal relationship among some of stock market indices. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=financial%20crises" title="financial crises">financial crises</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Middle%20East" title=" Middle East"> Middle East</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stock%20market%20integration" title=" stock market integration"> stock market integration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Granger%20Causality%20test" title=" Granger Causality test"> Granger Causality test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ARDL%20test" title=" ARDL test"> ARDL test</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36061/long-run-relationship-among-tehran-stock-exchange-and-the-gcc-countries-financial-markets-before-and-after-20072008-financial-crisis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36061.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">395</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11223</span> Clustering of Extremes in Financial Returns: A Comparison between Developed and Emerging Markets</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sara%20Ali%20Alokley">Sara Ali Alokley</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mansour%20Saleh%20Albarrak"> Mansour Saleh Albarrak</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper investigates the dependency or clustering of extremes in the financial returns data by estimating the extremal index value θ∈[0,1]. The smaller the value of θ the more clustering we have. Here we apply the method of Ferro and Segers (2003) to estimate the extremal index for a range of threshold values. We compare the dependency structure of extremes in the developed and emerging markets. We use the financial returns of the stock market index in the developed markets of US, UK, France, Germany and Japan and the emerging markets of Brazil, Russia, India, China and Saudi Arabia. We expect that more clustering occurs in the emerging markets. This study will help to understand the dependency structure of the financial returns data. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clustring" title="clustring">clustring</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=extremes" title=" extremes"> extremes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=returns" title=" returns"> returns</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dependency" title=" dependency"> dependency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=extermal%20index" title=" extermal index"> extermal index</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65436/clustering-of-extremes-in-financial-returns-a-comparison-between-developed-and-emerging-markets" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65436.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">405</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11222</span> Carbon Credits in Voluntary Carbon Markets: A Proposal for Iran</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saeed%20Mohammadirad">Saeed Mohammadirad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> During the first commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol, many developed countries were forced to restrict carbon emissions. Although Iran was one of the countries of Kyoto protocol, due to some special conditions, it was not required to restrict its carbon emissions. Flexible mechanisms were developed to assist countries responsible for reducing their carbon emissions, and regulated carbon markets were introduced. Carbon credits which are provided by organizations in countries with no responsibility to restrict their carbon emissions are traded in voluntary markets. This study focuses on how to measure and report the carbon allowances and carbon credits from accounting view point under both regulated and voluntary markets. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carbon%20credits" title="carbon credits">carbon credits</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carbon%20markets" title=" carbon markets"> carbon markets</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=accounting" title=" accounting"> accounting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flexible%20mechanisms" title=" flexible mechanisms"> flexible mechanisms</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29797/carbon-credits-in-voluntary-carbon-markets-a-proposal-for-iran" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29797.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">408</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11221</span> Energy Efficiency Improvement of Excavator with Independent Metering Valve by Continuous Mode Changing Considering Engine Fuel Consumption</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sang-Wook%20Lee">Sang-Wook Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=So-Yeon%20Jeon"> So-Yeon Jeon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Min-Gi%20Cho"> Min-Gi Cho</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dae-Young%20Shin"> Dae-Young Shin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sung-Ho%20Hwang"> Sung-Ho Hwang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Hydraulic system of excavator gets working energy from hydraulic pump which is connected to output shaft of engine. Recently, main control valve (MCV) which is composed of several independent metering valve (IMV) has been introduced for better energy efficiency of the hydraulic system so that fuel efficiency of the excavator can be improved. Excavator with IMV has 5 operating modes depending on the quantity of regeneration flow. In this system, the hydraulic pump is controlled to supply demanded flow which is needed to operate each mode. Because the regenerated flow supply energy to actuators, the hydraulic pump consumes less energy to make same motion than one that does not regenerate flow. The horse power control is applied to the hydraulic pump of excavator for maintaining engine start under a heavy load and this control makes the flow of hydraulic pump reduced. When excavator is in complex operation such as loading or unloading soil, the hydraulic pump discharges small quantity of working fluid in high pressure. At this operation, the engine of excavator does not run at optimal operating line (OOL). The engine needs to be operated on OOL to improve fuel efficiency and by controlling hydraulic pump the engine can drive on OOL. By continuous mode changing of IMV, the hydraulic pump is controlled to make engine runs on OOL. The simulation result of this study shows that fuel efficiency of excavator with IMV can be improved by considering engine OOL and continuous mode changing algorithm. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=continuous%20mode%20changing" title="continuous mode changing">continuous mode changing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=engine%20fuel%20consumption" title=" engine fuel consumption"> engine fuel consumption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=excavator" title=" excavator"> excavator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuel%20efficiency" title=" fuel efficiency"> fuel efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IMV" title=" IMV"> IMV</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89388/energy-efficiency-improvement-of-excavator-with-independent-metering-valve-by-continuous-mode-changing-considering-engine-fuel-consumption" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89388.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">385</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11220</span> Investigating the Securities on Market Development in Georgia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shota%20Gulbani">Shota Gulbani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> At the present stage, for the countries with developing economies, studying, and researching financial markets, gains special importance, because the situation of financial markets shapes an exact views about the carried out economic policy of the country. Besides, it’s unimaginable any country with developed economy, without healthy and functioning financial markets, whereas, for any kind of business it has got a great importance in terms of finding diversified and alternative capital. In this regard; it should be noted that the segments of Georgian financial markets are developed quite unequally, as evidenced by the fact that the Georgian financial sector is represented by 93% of commercial banks, what does not create an conformable environment for non-bank financial institutions development. In spite of the fact that Georgia has got one of the best banking system of region, it is important to properly analyze that this system should not hinder the development of other participants of Georgian financial sector. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=financial%20markets" title="financial markets">financial markets</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=macroeconomics" title=" macroeconomics"> macroeconomics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=investments" title=" investments"> investments</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stock%20exchange" title=" stock exchange"> stock exchange</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49842/investigating-the-securities-on-market-development-in-georgia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49842.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">358</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11219</span> The Impact of Trading Switch on Price and Liquidity</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bel%20Abed%20Ines%20Mariem">Bel Abed Ines Mariem</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Different stock markets keep changing their exchange structure for the only purpose of improving the functioning of their markets. This paper investigates the effects of the transfer from one trading category to another in the Tunisian Stock Exchange on market price and liquidity. The sample consists of 40 securities transferred from call auction to continuous auction and conversely during the period between 2004 and 2013. The methodology used is the event study. Empirical results show an interesting phenomenon observed; stocks transferred to the call system have experienced an improvement on their price and liquidity especially for less liquid ones. However, price and liquidity for stocks transferred from call system to continuous system have decreased. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microstructure" title="microstructure">microstructure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=call%20auction" title=" call auction"> call auction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=continuous%20auction" title=" continuous auction"> continuous auction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=price" title=" price"> price</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=liquidity%20and%20event%20study" title=" liquidity and event study"> liquidity and event study</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8056/the-impact-of-trading-switch-on-price-and-liquidity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8056.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">389</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11218</span> Reverse Logistics, Green Supply Chain, and Carbon Trading</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Neha%20Asthana">Neha Asthana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vishal%20Krishna%20Prasad"> Vishal Krishna Prasad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Reverse logistics and green supply chain form an interconnected and interwoven network of parameters that contribute to enhancement and incremental exchange in the triple bottom line in the consistently changing and fragmenting markets of the globalizing markets of today. Reverse logistics not only contributes to completing the supply chain in a comprehensive and synchronized manner but also contributes to a significant degree in optimizing green supply chains through procedures such as recycling, refurbishing etc. contributing to waste reduction. Carbon trading, owing to its limitations in the global context and being in a nascent stage seeks plethora of research to determine its full application in synergy with reverse logistics and green supply chain. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reverse%20logistics" title="reverse logistics">reverse logistics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carbon%20trading" title=" carbon trading"> carbon trading</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carbon%20emissions" title=" carbon emissions"> carbon emissions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=green%20supply%20chain" title=" green supply chain"> green supply chain</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11570/reverse-logistics-green-supply-chain-and-carbon-trading" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11570.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">415</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11217</span> Overview of Smart Grid Applications in Turkey</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Onur%20Elma">Onur Elma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Giray%20E.%20K%C4%B1ral"> Giray E. Kıral</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ugur%20S.%20Selamo%C4%9Fular%C4%B1"> Ugur S. Selamoğuları</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehmet%20Uzuno%C4%9Flu"> Mehmet Uzunoğlu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bulent%20Vural"> Bulent Vural</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Electrical energy has become indispensable for people's lives and with rapidly developing technology and continuously changing living standards the need for the electrical energy has been on the rise. Therefore, both energy generation and efficient use of energy are very important topics. Smart grid concept has been introduced to provide monitoring, energy efficiency, reliability and energy quality. Under smart grid concept, smart homes, which can be considered as key component in smart grid operation, have appeared as another research area. In this study, first, smart grid research in the world will be reviewed. Then, overview of smart grid applications in Turkey will be given. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20efficiency" title="energy efficiency">energy efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=smart%20grids" title=" smart grids"> smart grids</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=smart%20home" title=" smart home"> smart home</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=applications" title=" applications"> applications</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14172/overview-of-smart-grid-applications-in-turkey" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14172.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">498</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11216</span> Energy Strategy and Economic Growth of Russia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Young%20Sik%20Kim">Young Sik Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tae%20Kwon%20Ha"> Tae Kwon Ha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This article considers the problems of economic growth and Russian energy strategy. Also in this paper, the issues related to the economic growth prospects of Russian were discussed. Russian energy strategy without standing Russia`s stature in global energy markets, at the current production and extraction rates, will not be able to sustain its own production as well as fulfil its energy strategy. Indeed, Russia’s energy sector suffers from a chronic lack of investments which are necessary to modernize its energy supply system. In recent years, especially since the international financial crisis, Russia-EU energy cooperation has made substantive progress. Recently the break-through progress has been made, resulting mainly from long-term contributing factors between the countries and recent international economic and political situation changes. Analytical material presented in the article is intended for a more detailed or substantive analysis related to foreign economic relations of the countries and Russia as well. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20strategy" title=" energy strategy"> energy strategy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economic%20growth" title=" economic growth"> economic growth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cooperation" title=" cooperation"> cooperation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44162/energy-strategy-and-economic-growth-of-russia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44162.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">314</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11215</span> Energy Analysis of Seasonal Air Conditioning Demand of All Income Classes Using Bottom up Model in Pakistan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saba%20Arif">Saba Arif</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anam%20Nadeem"> Anam Nadeem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Roman%20Kalvin"> Roman Kalvin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tanzeel%20Rashid"> Tanzeel Rashid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Burhan%20Ali"> Burhan Ali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Juntakan%20Taweekun"> Juntakan Taweekun</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Currently, the energy crisis is taking serious attention. Globally, industries and building are major share takers of energy. 72% of total global energy is consumed by residential houses, markets, and commercial building. Additionally, in appliances air conditioners are major consumer of electricity; about 60% energy is used for cooling purpose in houses due to HVAC units. Energy demand will aid in determining what changes will be needed whether it is the estimation of the required energy for households or instituting conservation measures. Bottom-up model is one of the most famous methods for forecasting. In current research bottom-up model of air conditioners' energy consumption in all income classes in comparison with seasonal variation and hourly consumption is calculated. By comparison of energy consumption of all income classes by usage of air conditioners, total consumption of actual demand and current availability can be seen. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=air%20conditioning" title="air conditioning">air conditioning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bottom%20up%20model" title=" bottom up model"> bottom up model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=income%20classes" title=" income classes"> income classes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20demand" title=" energy demand"> energy demand</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83887/energy-analysis-of-seasonal-air-conditioning-demand-of-all-income-classes-using-bottom-up-model-in-pakistan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83887.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">250</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11214</span> Mean and Volatility Spillover between US Stocks Market and Crude Oil Markets</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kamel%20Malik%20Bensafta">Kamel Malik Bensafta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gervasio%20Bensafta"> Gervasio Bensafta</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between oil prices and socks markets. The empirical analysis in this paper is conducted within the context of Multivariate GARCH models, using a transform version of the so-called BEKK parameterization. We show that mean and uncertainty of US market are transmitted to oil market and European market. We also identify an important transmission from WTI prices to Brent Prices. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oil%20volatility" title="oil volatility">oil volatility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stock%20markets" title=" stock markets"> stock markets</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MGARCH" title=" MGARCH"> MGARCH</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transmission" title=" transmission"> transmission</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=structural%20break" title=" structural break"> structural break</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10187/mean-and-volatility-spillover-between-us-stocks-market-and-crude-oil-markets" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10187.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">486</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11213</span> Small Traditional Retailers in Emerging Markets</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20Boulaksil">Y. Boulaksil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20C.%20Fransoo"> J. C. Fransoo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.E.%20Blanco"> E.E. Blanco</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Koubida"> S. Koubida</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we study the small traditional retailers that are located in the neighborhoods of big cities in emerging markets. Although modern retailing has grown in the last two decades in these markets, the number of small retailers is still increasing and serving a substantial part of the daily demand for many basic products, such as bread, milk, and cooking oil. We conduct an empirical study to understand the business environment of these small traditional retailers in emerging markets by collecting data from 333 small retailers, spread over 8 large cities in Morocco. We analyze the data and describe their business environment with a focus on the informal credits they offer to their customers. We find that smaller small retailers that are funded from personal savings and managed by the owner himself offer relatively the most credits. Our study also provides interesting insights about these small retailers that will help FMCG manufacturers that are (planning to be) active in Morocco and other emerging markets. We also discuss a number opportunities to improve the efficiency of the supply chains that serve them. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=small%20retailers" title="small retailers">small retailers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=big%20cities" title=" big cities"> big cities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emerging%20markets" title=" emerging markets"> emerging markets</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=empirical%20study" title=" empirical study"> empirical study</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=supply%20chain%20management" title=" supply chain management"> supply chain management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Morocco" title=" Morocco"> Morocco</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16701/small-traditional-retailers-in-emerging-markets" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16701.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">580</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11212</span> Analyzing the Impact of Global Financial Crisis on Interconnectedness of Asian Stock Markets Using Network Science</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jitendra%20Aswani">Jitendra Aswani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the first section of this study, impact of Global Financial Crisis (GFC) on the synchronization of fourteen Asian Stock Markets (ASM’s) of countries like Hong Kong, India, Thailand, Singapore, Taiwan, Pakistan, Bangladesh, South Korea, Malaysia, Indonesia, Japan, China, Philippines and Sri Lanka, has been analysed using the network science and its metrics like degree of node, clustering coefficient and network density. Then in the second section of this study by introducing the US stock market in existing network and developing a Minimum Spanning Tree (MST) spread of crisis from the US stock market to Asian Stock Markets (ASM) has been explained. Data used for this study is adjusted the closing price of these indices from 6th January, 2000 to 15th September, 2013 which further divided into three sub-periods: Pre, during and post-crisis. Using network analysis, it is found that Asian stock markets become more interdependent during the crisis than pre and post crisis, and also Hong Kong, India, South Korea and Japan are systemic important stock markets in the Asian region. Therefore, failure or shock to any of these systemic important stock markets can cause contagion to another stock market of this region. This study is useful for global investors’ in portfolio management especially during the crisis period and also for policy makers in formulating the financial regulation norms by knowing the connections between the stock markets and how the system of these stock markets changes in crisis period and after that. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global%20financial%20crisis" title="global financial crisis">global financial crisis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asian%20stock%20markets" title=" Asian stock markets"> Asian stock markets</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=network%20science" title=" network science"> network science</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kruskal%20algorithm" title=" Kruskal algorithm"> Kruskal algorithm</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31876/analyzing-the-impact-of-global-financial-crisis-on-interconnectedness-of-asian-stock-markets-using-network-science" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31876.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">424</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11211</span> Impact of the Electricity Market Prices during the COVID-19 Pandemic on Energy Storage Operation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marin%20Mandi%C4%87">Marin Mandić</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elis%20Sutlovi%C4%87"> Elis Sutlović</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ton%C4%87i%20Modri%C4%87"> Tonći Modrić</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Luka%20Stani%C4%87"> Luka Stanić</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> With the restructuring and deregulation of the power system, storage owners, generation companies or private producers can offer their multiple services on various power markets and earn income in different types of markets, such as the day-ahead, real-time, ancillary services market, etc. During the COVID-19 pandemic, electricity prices, as well as ancillary services prices, increased significantly. The optimization of the energy storage operation was performed using a suitable model for simulating the operation of a pumped storage hydropower plant under market conditions. The objective function maximizes the income earned through energy arbitration, regulation-up, regulation-down and spinning reserve services. The optimization technique used for solving the objective function is mixed integer linear programming (MILP). In numerical examples, the pumped storage hydropower plant operation has been optimized considering the already achieved hourly electricity market prices from Nord Pool for the pre-pandemic (2019) and the pandemic (2020 and 2021) years. The impact of the electricity market prices during the COVID-19 pandemic on energy storage operation is shown through the analysis of income, operating hours, reserved capacity and consumed energy for each service. The results indicate the role of energy storage during a significant fluctuation in electricity and services prices. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrical%20market%20prices" title="electrical market prices">electrical market prices</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electricity%20market" title=" electricity market"> electricity market</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20storage%20optimization" title=" energy storage optimization"> energy storage optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mixed%20integer%20linear%20programming%20%28MILP%29%20optimization" title=" mixed integer linear programming (MILP) optimization"> mixed integer linear programming (MILP) optimization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149489/impact-of-the-electricity-market-prices-during-the-covid-19-pandemic-on-energy-storage-operation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149489.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">175</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11210</span> Crude Oil and Stocks Markets: Prices and Uncertainty Transmission Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kamel%20Malik%20Bensafta">Kamel Malik Bensafta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gervasio%20Semedo"> Gervasio Semedo </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between oil prices and socks markets. The empirical analysis in this paper is conducted within the context of Multivariate GARCH models, using a transform version of the so-called BEKK parameterization. We show that mean and uncertainty of US market are transmitted to oil market and European market. We also identify an important transmission from WTI prices to Brent Prices. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oil%20volatility" title="oil volatility">oil volatility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stock%20markets" title=" stock markets"> stock markets</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MGARCH" title=" MGARCH"> MGARCH</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transmission" title=" transmission"> transmission</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=structural%20break" title=" structural break"> structural break</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23585/crude-oil-and-stocks-markets-prices-and-uncertainty-transmission-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23585.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">525</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11209</span> Nutritional Quality of Partially Processed Chicken Meat Products from Egyptian and Saudi Arabia Markets</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Meawad%20Ahmad">Ali Meawad Ahmad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hosny%20A.%20Abdelrahman"> Hosny A. Abdelrahman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Chicken meat is a good source of protein of high biological value which contains most of essential amino-acids with high proportion of unsaturated fatty acids and low cholesterol level. Besides, it contain many vitamins as well as minerals which are important for the human body. Therefore, a total of 150 frozen chicken meat product samples, 800g each within their shelf-life, were randomly collected from commercial markets from Egypt (75 samples) and Saudi Arabian (75 samples) for chemical evaluation. The mean values of fat% in the examined samples of Egyptian and Saudi markets were 16.0% and 4.6% for chicken burger; 15.0% and 11% for nuggets and 11% and 11% for strips respectively. The mean values of moisture % in the examined samples of Egyptian and Saudi markets were 67.0% and 81% for chicken burger; 66.0% and 78% for nuggets and 71.0% and 72% for strips respectively. The mean values of protein % in the examined samples of Egyptian and Saudi markets were 15% and 17% for chicken burger; 16% and 16% for nuggets and 16% and 17% for strips respectively. The obtained results were compared with the Egyptian slandered and suggestions for improving the chemical quality of chicken products were given. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chicken%20meat" title="chicken meat">chicken meat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nutrition" title=" nutrition"> nutrition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Egypt" title=" Egypt"> Egypt</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=markets" title=" markets"> markets</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40108/nutritional-quality-of-partially-processed-chicken-meat-products-from-egyptian-and-saudi-arabia-markets" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40108.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">568</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11208</span> Forecasting Issues in Energy Markets within a Reg-ARIMA Framework</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ilaria%20Lucrezia%20Amerise">Ilaria Lucrezia Amerise</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Electricity markets throughout the world have undergone substantial changes. Accurate, reliable, clear and comprehensible modeling and forecasting of different variables (loads and prices in the first instance) have achieved increasing importance. In this paper, we describe the actual state of the art focusing on reg-SARMA methods, which have proven to be flexible enough to accommodate the electricity price/load behavior satisfactory. More specifically, we will discuss: 1) The dichotomy between point and interval forecasts; 2) The difficult choice between stochastic (e.g. climatic variation) and non-deterministic predictors (e.g. calendar variables); 3) The confrontation between modelling a single aggregate time series or creating separated and potentially different models of sub-series. The noteworthy point that we would like to make it emerge is that prices and loads require different approaches that appear irreconcilable even though must be made reconcilable for the interests and activities of energy companies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interval%20forecasts" title="interval forecasts">interval forecasts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=time%20series" title=" time series"> time series</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electricity%20prices" title=" electricity prices"> electricity prices</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reg-SARIMA%20methods" title=" reg-SARIMA methods"> reg-SARIMA methods</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/104049/forecasting-issues-in-energy-markets-within-a-reg-arima-framework" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/104049.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">131</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=changing%20energy%20markets&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=changing%20energy%20markets&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=changing%20energy%20markets&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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