CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head>  <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-P63WKM1TM1"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-P63WKM1TM1'); </script>  <script type="text/javascript" > (function(m,e,t,r,i,k,a){m[i]=m[i]||function(){(m[i].a=m[i].a||[]).push(arguments)}; m[i].l=1*new Date(); for (var j = 0; j < document.scripts.length; j++) {if (document.scripts[j].src === r) { return; }} k=e.createElement(t),a=e.getElementsByTagName(t)[0],k.async=1,k.src=r,a.parentNode.insertBefore(k,a)}) (window, document, "script", "https://mc.yandex.ru/metrika/tag.js", "ym"); ym(55165297, "init", { clickmap:false, trackLinks:true, accurateTrackBounce:true, webvisor:false }); </script> <noscript><div><img src="https://mc.yandex.ru/watch/55165297" style="position:absolute; left:-9999px;" alt="" /></div></noscript>    <title>Search results for: Zhizhong Jiang</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Zhizhong Jiang"> <meta name="keywords" content="Zhizhong Jiang"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarMenu" aria-controls="navbarMenu" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"> <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span> </button> <div class="w-100"> <div class="d-none d-lg-flex flex-row-reverse"> <form method="get" action="https://waset.org/search" class="form-inline my-2 my-lg-0"> <input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="search" placeholder="Search Conferences" value="Zhizhong Jiang" name="q" aria-label="Search"> <button class="btn btn-light my-2 my-sm-0" type="submit"><i class="fas fa-search"></i></button> </form> </div> <div class="collapse navbar-collapse mt-1" id="navbarMenu"> <ul class="navbar-nav ml-auto align-items-center" id="mainNavMenu"> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/conferences" title="Conferences in 2024/2025/2026">Conferences</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/disciplines" title="Disciplines">Disciplines</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/committees" rel="nofollow">Committees</a> </li> <li class="nav-item dropdown"> <a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="#" id="navbarDropdownPublications" role="button" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"> Publications </a> <div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="navbarDropdownPublications"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a> </div> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/page/support" title="Support">Support</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> <main> <div class="container mt-4"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-9 mx-auto"> <form method="get" action="https://publications.waset.org/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Zhizhong Jiang"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 81</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Zhizhong Jiang</h1> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">81</span> The Effects of Software Size on Development Effort and Software Quality</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Zhizhong%20Jiang">Zhizhong Jiang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Peter%20Naud%C3%A9"> Peter Naud茅</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Binghua%20Jiang"> Binghua Jiang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Effective evaluation of software development effort is an important issue during project plan. This study provides a model to predict development effort based on the software size estimated with function points. We generalize the average amount of effort spent on each phase of the development, and give the estimates for the effort used in software building, testing, and implementation. Finally, this paper finds a strong correlation between software defects and software size. As the size of software constantly increases, the quality remains to be a matter which requires major concern.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Development%20effort" title="Development effort">Development effort</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=function%20points" title=" function points"> function points</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=software%20quality" title=" software quality"> software quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=software%20size." title=" software size."> software size.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6683/the-effects-of-software-size-on-development-effort-and-software-quality" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6683/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6683/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6683/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6683/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6683/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6683/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6683/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6683/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6683/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6683/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6683.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2283</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">80</span> The Variation of Software Development Productivity 1995-2005 </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Zhizhong%20Jiang">Zhizhong Jiang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Peter%20Naud%C3%A9"> Peter Naud茅</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Craig%20Comstock"> Craig Comstock</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Software development has experienced remarkable progress in the past decade. However, due to the rising complexity and magnitude of the project the development productivity has not been consistently improved. By analyzing the latest ISBSG data repository with 4106 projects, we discovered that software development productivity has actually undergone irregular variations between the years 1995 and 2005. Considering the factors significant to the productivity, we found its variations are primarily caused by the variations of average team size and the unbalanced uses of the less productive language 3GL. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Productivity" title="Productivity">Productivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Programming%20Languages" title=" Programming Languages"> Programming Languages</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=SoftwareEngineering" title=" SoftwareEngineering"> SoftwareEngineering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Team%20Size." title=" Team Size."> Team Size.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14941/the-variation-of-software-development-productivity-1995-2005" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14941/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14941/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14941/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14941/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14941/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14941/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14941/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14941/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14941/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14941/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14941.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1531</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">79</span> Strategic Software Development: Productivity Comparisons of General Development Programs</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Craig%20Comstock">Craig Comstock</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Zhizhong%20Jiang"> Zhizhong Jiang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Peter%20Naud%C3%A9"> Peter Naud茅</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Productivity has been one of the major concerns with the increasingly high cost of software development. Choosing the right development language with high productivity is one approach to reduce development costs. Working on the large database with 4106 projects ever developed, we found the factors significant to productivity. After the removal of the effects of other factors on productivity, we compare the productivity differences of the ten general development programs. The study supports the fact that fourth-generation languages are more productive than thirdgeneration languages.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Functional%20point" title="Functional point">Functional point</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=language" title=" language"> language</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=productivity" title=" productivity"> productivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=software%20engineering." title=" software engineering."> software engineering.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6415/strategic-software-development-productivity-comparisons-of-general-development-programs" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6415/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6415/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6415/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6415/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6415/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6415/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6415/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6415/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6415/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6415/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6415.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1758</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">78</span> The Factors Significant to Software Development Productivity </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Zhizhong%20Jiang">Zhizhong Jiang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Craig%20Comstock"> Craig Comstock</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The past decade has seen enormous growth in the amount of software produced. However, given the ever increasing complexity of the software being developed and the concomitant rise in the typical project size, managers are becoming increasingly aware of the importance of issues that influence the productivity levels of the project teams involved. By analyzing the latest release of ISBSG data repository, we report on the factors found to significantly influence the productivity among which average team size and language type are the two most essential ones. Building on this we present an original model for evaluating the potential productivity during the project planning stage. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=ISBSG" title="ISBSG">ISBSG</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Linear%20Model" title=" Linear Model"> Linear Model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Productivity" title=" Productivity"> Productivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=SoftwareEngineering." title=" SoftwareEngineering."> SoftwareEngineering.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14717/the-factors-significant-to-software-development-productivity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14717/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14717/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14717/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14717/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14717/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14717/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14717/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14717/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14717/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14717/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14717.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2080</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">77</span> An Investigation on the Variation of Software Development Productivity </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Zhizhong%20Jiang">Zhizhong Jiang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Peter%20Naud%C3%A9"> Peter Naud茅</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Craig%20Comstock"> Craig Comstock</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>The productivity of software development is one of the major concerns for project managers. Given the increasing complexity of the software being developed and the concomitant rise in the typical project size, the productivity has not consistently improved. By analyzing the latest release of ISBSG data repository with 4106 projects ever developed, we report on the factors found to significantly influence productivity, and present an original model for the estimation of productivity during project design. We further illustrate that software development productivity has experienced irregular variations between the years 1995 and 2005. Considering the factors significant to productivity, we found its variations are primarily caused by the variations of average team size for the development and the unbalanced use of the less productive development language 3GL.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Development%20Platform" title="Development Platform">Development Platform</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Function%20Point" title=" Function Point"> Function Point</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Language" title=" Language"> Language</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Productivity" title=" Productivity"> Productivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Software%20Engineering" title=" Software Engineering"> Software Engineering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Team%20Size." title=" Team Size."> Team Size.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12425/an-investigation-on-the-variation-of-software-development-productivity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12425/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12425/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12425/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12425/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12425/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12425/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12425/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12425/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12425/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12425/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12425.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1676</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">76</span> An Examination of the Factors Influencing Software Development Effort </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Zhizhong%20Jiang">Zhizhong Jiang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Peter%20Naud%C3%A9"> Peter Naud茅</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Effective evaluation of software development effort is an important aspect of successful project management. Based on a large database with 4106 projects ever developed, this study statistically examines the factors that influence development effort. The factors found to be significant for effort are project size, average number of developers that worked on the project, type of development, development language, development platform, and the use of rapid application development. Among these factors, project size is the most critical cost driver. Unsurprisingly, this study found that the use of CASE tools does not necessarily reduce development effort, which adds support to the claim that the use of tools is subtle. As many of the current estimation models are rarely or unsuccessfully used, this study proposes a parsimonious parametric model for the prediction of effort which is both simple and more accurate than previous models.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Development%20effort" title="Development effort">Development effort</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=function%20points" title=" function points"> function points</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=team%20size" title=" team size"> team size</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=development%20language" title=" development language"> development language</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=CASE%20tool" title=" CASE tool"> CASE tool</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=rapid%20application%20development." title=" rapid application development."> rapid application development.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5568/an-examination-of-the-factors-influencing-software-development-effort" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5568/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5568/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5568/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5568/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5568/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5568/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5568/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5568/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5568/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5568/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5568.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2508</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">75</span> Geometric Simplification Method of Building Energy Model Based on Building Performance Simulation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Yan%20Lyu">Yan Lyu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Yiqun%20Pan"> Yiqun Pan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Zhizhong%20Huang"> Zhizhong Huang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>In the design stage of a new building, the energy model of this building is often required for the analysis of the performance on energy efficiency. In practice, a certain degree of geometric simplification should be done in the establishment of building energy models, since the detailed geometric features of a real building are hard to be described perfectly in most energy simulation engine, such as ESP-r, eQuest or EnergyPlus. Actually, the detailed description is not necessary when the result with extremely high accuracy is not demanded. Therefore, this paper analyzed the relationship between the error of the simulation result from building energy models and the geometric simplification of the models. Finally, the following two parameters are selected as the indices to characterize the geometric feature of in building energy simulation: the southward projected area and total side surface area of the building. Based on the parameterization method, the simplification from an arbitrary column building to a typical shape (a cuboid) building can be made for energy modeling. The result in this study indicates that no more than 7% prediction error of annual cooling/heating load will be caused by the geometric simplification for those buildings with the ratio of southward projection length to total perimeter of the bottom of 0.25~0.35, which means this method is applicable for building performance simulation.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=building%20energy%20model" title="building energy model">building energy model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=simulation" title=" simulation"> simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=geometric%20simplification" title=" geometric simplification"> geometric simplification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=design" title=" design"> design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=regression" title=" regression"> regression</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012241/geometric-simplification-method-of-building-energy-model-based-on-building-performance-simulation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012241/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012241/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012241/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012241/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012241/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012241/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012241/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012241/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012241/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012241/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012241.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">624</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">74</span> Study on Distortion of Bi-Steel Concrete Beam</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=G.%20W.%20Ni">G. W. Ni</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Y.%20M.%20Zhang"> Y. M. Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=D.%20L.%20Jiang"> D. L. Jiang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=J.%20N.%20Chen"> J. N. Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=X.%20G.%20Wang"> X. G. Wang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> As an economic and safe structure, Bi-steel is widely used in reinforced concrete with less consumption of steel. In this paper, III Bi-steel concrete beam has been analyzed. Through careful observation and theoretical analysis, the new calculating formulae for structural rigidity and crack have been formulated for this Bi-steel concrete beam. And structural rigidity and the crack features have also been theoretically analyzed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Bi-steel" title="Bi-steel">Bi-steel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=concrete%20beam" title=" concrete beam"> concrete beam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=crack" title=" crack"> crack</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=rigidity." title=" rigidity."> rigidity.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7468/study-on-distortion-of-bi-steel-concrete-beam" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7468/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7468/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7468/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7468/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7468/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7468/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7468/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7468/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7468/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7468/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7468.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1272</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">73</span> Iterative Solutions to Some Linear Matrix Equations</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Jiashang%20Jiang">Jiashang Jiang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Hao%20Liu"> Hao Liu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Yongxin%20Yuan"> Yongxin Yuan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>In this paper the gradient based iterative algorithms are presented to solve the following four types linear matrix equations: (a) AXB = F; (b) AXB = F, CXD = G; (c) AXB = F s. t. X = XT ; (d) AXB+CYD = F, where X and Y are unknown matrices, A,B,C,D, F,G are the given constant matrices. It is proved that if the equation considered has a solution, then the unique minimum norm solution can be obtained by choosing a special kind of initial matrices. The numerical results show that the proposed method is reliable and attractive.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Matrix%20equation" title="Matrix equation">Matrix equation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=iterative%20algorithm" title=" iterative algorithm"> iterative algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=parameter%20estimation" title=" parameter estimation"> parameter estimation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=minimum%20norm%20solution." title=" minimum norm solution."> minimum norm solution.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8105/iterative-solutions-to-some-linear-matrix-equations" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8105/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8105/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8105/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8105/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8105/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8105/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8105/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8105/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8105/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8105/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8105.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1856</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">72</span> Iterative solutions to the linear matrix equation AXB + CXTD = E</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Yongxin%20Yuan">Yongxin Yuan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Jiashang%20Jiang"> Jiashang Jiang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper the gradient based iterative algorithm is presented to solve the linear matrix equation AXB +CXTD = E, where X is unknown matrix, A,B,C,D,E are the given constant matrices. It is proved that if the equation has a solution, then the unique minimum norm solution can be obtained by choosing a special kind of initial matrices. Two numerical examples show that the introduced iterative algorithm is quite efficient. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=matrix%20equation" title="matrix equation">matrix equation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=iterative%20algorithm" title=" iterative algorithm"> iterative algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=parameter%20estimation" title=" parameter estimation"> parameter estimation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=minimum%20norm%20solution." title="minimum norm solution.">minimum norm solution.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12577/iterative-solutions-to-the-linear-matrix-equation-axb-cxtd-e" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12577/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12577/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12577/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12577/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12577/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12577/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12577/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12577/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12577/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12577/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12577.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1555</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">71</span> Study of Base-Isolation Building System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=G.%20W.%20Ni">G. W. Ni</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Y.%20M.%20Zhang"> Y. M. Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=D.%20L.%20Jiang"> D. L. Jiang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=J.%20N.%20Chen"> J. N. Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=B.%20Liu"> B. Liu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In order to improve the effect of isolation structure, the principles and behaviours of the base-isolation system are studied, and the types and characteristics of the base-isolation are also discussed. Compared to the traditional aseismatic structures, the base isolation structures decrease the seismic response obviously: the total structural aseismatic value decreases to 1/4-1/32 and the seismic shear stress in the upper structure decreases to 1/14-1/23. In the huge seism, the structure can have an obvious aseismatic effect. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Base-isolation" title="Base-isolation">Base-isolation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=earthquake%20wave" title=" earthquake wave"> earthquake wave</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=dynamic%20response." title=" dynamic response."> dynamic response.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3942/study-of-base-isolation-building-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3942/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3942/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3942/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3942/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3942/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3942/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3942/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3942/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3942/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3942/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3942.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2351</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">70</span> Approximate Range-Sum Queries over Data Cubes Using Cosine Transform</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Wen-Chi%20Hou">Wen-Chi Hou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Cheng%20Luo"> Cheng Luo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Zhewei%20Jiang"> Zhewei Jiang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Feng%20Yan"> Feng Yan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this research, we propose to use the discrete cosine transform to approximate the cumulative distributions of data cube cells- values. The cosine transform is known to have a good energy compaction property and thus can approximate data distribution functions easily with small number of coefficients. The derived estimator is accurate and easy to update. We perform experiments to compare its performance with a well-known technique - the (Haar) wavelet. The experimental results show that the cosine transform performs much better than the wavelet in estimation accuracy, speed, space efficiency, and update easiness. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=DCT" title="DCT">DCT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Data%20Cube" title=" Data Cube"> Data Cube</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3028/approximate-range-sum-queries-over-data-cubes-using-cosine-transform" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3028/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3028/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3028/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3028/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3028/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3028/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3028/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3028/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3028/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3028/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3028.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1962</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">69</span> Preconditioned Mixed-Type Splitting Iterative Method For Z-Matrices</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Li%20Jiang">Li Jiang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Baoguang%20Tian"> Baoguang Tian</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we present the preconditioned mixed-type splitting iterative method for solving the linear systems, Ax = b, where A is a Z-matrix. And we give some comparison theorems to show that the convergence rate of the preconditioned mixed-type splitting iterative method is faster than that of the mixed-type splitting iterative method. Finally, we give a numerical example to illustrate our results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Z-matrix" title="Z-matrix">Z-matrix</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=mixed-type%20splitting%20iterative%20method" title=" mixed-type splitting iterative method"> mixed-type splitting iterative method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=precondition" title=" precondition"> precondition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=comparison%20theorem" title="comparison theorem">comparison theorem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=linear%20system." title=" linear system."> linear system.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12041/preconditioned-mixed-type-splitting-iterative-method-for-z-matrices" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12041/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12041/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12041/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12041/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12041/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12041/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12041/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12041/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12041/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12041/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12041.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1202</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">68</span> An Efficient Iterative Updating Method for Damped Structural Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Jiashang%20Jiang">Jiashang Jiang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Model updating is an inverse eigenvalue problem which concerns the modification of an existing but inaccurate model with measured modal data. In this paper, an efficient gradient based iterative method for updating the mass, damping and stiffness matrices simultaneously using a few of complex measured modal data is developed. Convergence analysis indicates that the iterative solutions always converge to the unique minimum Frobenius norm symmetric solution of the model updating problem by choosing a special kind of initial matrices.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Model%20updating" title="Model updating">Model updating</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=iterative%20algorithm" title=" iterative algorithm"> iterative algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=damped%20structural%0D%0Asystem" title=" damped structural system"> damped structural system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=optimal%20approximation." title=" optimal approximation."> optimal approximation.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003362/an-efficient-iterative-updating-method-for-damped-structural-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003362/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003362/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003362/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003362/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003362/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003362/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003362/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003362/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003362/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003362/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003362.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2084</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">67</span> Can Nipple Be Used as a Good Indicator of Breast in Breast Motion Research?</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=X.N.%20Chen">X.N. Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=J.P.%20Wang"> J.P. Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=D.%20Jiang"> D. Jiang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>There were many studies on how to alleviate breast discomfort by reducing breast motion, in which nipple motion was used to represent breast motion. However, this assumption had not been experimentally validated. The aim of this paper was to experimentally validate if nipple can be used as a good indicator of breast. Seven participants (average of 24.4 years old) were recruited to walk and run on the treadmill at 5km h-1 and 10km h-1 respectively. Six markers were pasted on their bodies to collect motion data of different parts of breasts. The results of Friedman test combined with the relationship among the five markers on the same breast revealed that nipple could be used as a good indicator of breast. Wilcoxon test showed that there was no significant (P<0.05) between left and right nipple-s motion, so left nipple and right nipple could both be used to represent breast motion.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Bra" title="Bra">Bra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=breast%20motion" title=" breast motion"> breast motion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=breast%20pain" title=" breast pain"> breast pain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=nipple." title=" nipple."> nipple.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9187/can-nipple-be-used-as-a-good-indicator-of-breast-in-breast-motion-research" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9187/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9187/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9187/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9187/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9187/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9187/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9187/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9187/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9187/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9187/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9187.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1832</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">66</span> The Direct Updating of Damping and Gyroscopic Matrices using Incomplete Complex Test Data</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Jiashang%20Jiang">Jiashang Jiang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Yongxin%20Yuan"> Yongxin Yuan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>In this paper we develop an efficient numerical method for the finite-element model updating of damped gyroscopic systems based on incomplete complex modal measured data. It is assumed that the analytical mass and stiffness matrices are correct and only the damping and gyroscopic matrices need to be updated. By solving a constrained optimization problem, the optimal corrected symmetric damping matrix and skew-symmetric gyroscopic matrix complied with the required eigenvalue equation are found under a weighted Frobenius norm sense.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Model%20updating" title="Model updating">Model updating</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=damped%20gyroscopic%20system" title=" damped gyroscopic system"> damped gyroscopic system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=partially%20prescribed%20spectral%20information." title=" partially prescribed spectral information."> partially prescribed spectral information.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10047/the-direct-updating-of-damping-and-gyroscopic-matrices-using-incomplete-complex-test-data" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10047/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10047/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10047/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10047/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10047/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10047/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10047/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10047/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10047/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10047/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10047.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1787</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">65</span> Study on Guangzhou's Employment Subcentres and Polycentricity</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=L.%20Jiang">L. Jiang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Since the late 1980s, the new phenomena of 'employment subcentres' or 'polycentricity' has appeared in the metropolises of North American and Western Europe and it has been an interesting topic for academics and researchers. This paper specifically uses one case study-Guangzhou to explore the development and the mechanism of employment subcentres and polycentricity in Chinese metropolises by spatial analysis method on the basis of the first economic census data. In conclusion, the paper regards that the employment subcentres and polycentricity has existed in Chinese metropolises. And that, the mechanism of them is mainly from the secondary industry instead of the tertiary industry in North American and Western Europe</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Employment%20Subcentre" title="Employment Subcentre">Employment Subcentre</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Polycentricity" title=" Polycentricity"> Polycentricity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Guangzhou." title=" Guangzhou."> Guangzhou.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8484/study-on-guangzhous-employment-subcentres-and-polycentricity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8484/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8484/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8484/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8484/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8484/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8484/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8484/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8484/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8484/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8484/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8484.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1846</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">64</span> Nonstational Dual Wavelet Frames in Sobolev Spaces</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Yingchun%20Jiang">Yingchun Jiang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Yan%20Tang"> Yan Tang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>In view of the good properties of nonstationary wavelet frames and the better flexibility of wavelets in Sobolev spaces, the nonstationary dual wavelet frames in a pair of dual Sobolev spaces are studied in this paper. We mainly give the oblique extension principle and the mixed extension principle for nonstationary dual wavelet frames in a pair of dual Sobolev spaces Hs(Rd) and H-s(Rd).</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Nonstationary" title="Nonstationary">Nonstationary</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=dual%20frames" title=" dual frames"> dual frames</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=dual%20Sobolev%20spaces" title=" dual Sobolev spaces"> dual Sobolev spaces</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=extension%20principle." title=" extension principle."> extension principle.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7649/nonstational-dual-wavelet-frames-in-sobolev-spaces" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7649/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7649/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7649/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7649/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7649/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7649/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7649/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7649/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7649/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7649/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7649.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1678</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">63</span> Performance of Nine Different Types of PV Modules in the Tropical Region</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Jiang%20Fan">Jiang Fan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>With growth of PV market in tropical region, it is necessary to investigate the performance of different types of PV technology under the tropical weather conditions. Singapore Polytechnic was funded by Economic Development Board (EDB) to set up a solar PV test-bed for the research on performance of different types of PV modules in the country. The PV test-bed installed the nine different types of PV systems that are integrated to power utility grid for monitoring and analyzing their operating performances. This paper presents the 12 months operational data of nine different PV systems and analyses on performances of installed PV systems using energy yield and performance ratio. The nine types of PV systems under test have shown their energy yields ranging from 2.67 to 3.36 kWh/kW<sub>p</sub> and their performance ratios (PRs) ranging from 70% to 88%.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Monocrystalline" title="Monocrystalline">Monocrystalline</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Multicrystalline" title=" Multicrystalline"> Multicrystalline</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Amorphous%20Silicon" title=" Amorphous Silicon"> Amorphous Silicon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Cadmium%20Telluride%20and%20thin%20film%20PV." title=" Cadmium Telluride and thin film PV."> Cadmium Telluride and thin film PV.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999228/performance-of-nine-different-types-of-pv-modules-in-the-tropical-region" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999228/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999228/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999228/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999228/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999228/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999228/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999228/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999228/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999228/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999228/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999228.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">3709</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">62</span> A New Direct Updating Method for Undamped Structural Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Yongxin%20Yuan">Yongxin Yuan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Jiashang%20Jiang"> Jiashang Jiang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>A new numerical method for simultaneously updating mass and stiffness matrices based on incomplete modal measured data is presented. By using the Kronecker product, all the variables that are to be modified can be found out and then can be updated directly. The optimal approximation mass matrix and stiffness matrix which satisfy the required eigenvalue equation and orthogonality condition are found under the Frobenius norm sense. The physical configuration of the analytical model is preserved and the updated model will exactly reproduce the modal measured data. The numerical example seems to indicate that the method is quite accurate and efficient.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Finite%20element%20model" title="Finite element model">Finite element model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=model%20updating" title=" model updating"> model updating</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=modal%20data" title=" modal data"> modal data</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=optimal%20approximation." title=" optimal approximation."> optimal approximation.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11823/a-new-direct-updating-method-for-undamped-structural-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11823/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11823/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11823/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11823/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11823/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11823/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11823/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11823/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11823/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11823/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11823.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1480</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">61</span> Orthogonal Polynomial Density Estimates: Alternative Representation and Degree Selection</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Serge%20B.%20Provost">Serge B. Provost</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Min%20Jiang"> Min Jiang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The density estimates considered in this paper comprise a base density and an adjustment component consisting of a linear combination of orthogonal polynomials. It is shown that, in the context of density approximation, the coefficients of the linear combination can be determined either from a moment-matching technique or a weighted least-squares approach. A kernel representation of the corresponding density estimates is obtained. Additionally, two refinements of the Kronmal-Tarter stopping criterion are proposed for determining the degree of the polynomial adjustment. By way of illustration, the density estimation methodology advocated herein is applied to two data sets. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=kernel%20density%20estimation" title="kernel density estimation">kernel density estimation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=orthogonal%20polynomials" title=" orthogonal polynomials"> orthogonal polynomials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=moment-based%20methodologies" title=" moment-based methodologies"> moment-based methodologies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=density%20approximation." title=" density approximation."> density approximation.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1168/orthogonal-polynomial-density-estimates-alternative-representation-and-degree-selection" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1168/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1168/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1168/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1168/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1168/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1168/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1168/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1168/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1168/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1168/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1168.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2369</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">60</span> 14-Bit 1MS/s Cyclic-Pipelined ADC </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20Saisundar">S. Saisundar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Shan%20Jiang"> Shan Jiang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Kevin%20T.%20C.%20Chai"> Kevin T. C. Chai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=David%20Nuttman"> David Nuttman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Minkyu%20Je"> Minkyu Je </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <div>This paper presents a 14-bit cyclic-pipelined Analog to digital converter (ADC) running at 1 MS/s. The architecture is based on a 1.5-bit per stage structure utilizing digital correction for each stage. The ADC consists of two 1.5-bit stages, one shift register delay line, and digital error correction logic. Inside each 1.5-bit stage, there is one gain-boosting op-amp and two comparators. The ADC was implemented in 0.18µm CMOS process and the design has an area of approximately 0.2 mm<sup>2</sup>. The ADC has a differential input range of 1.2 Vpp. The circuit has an average power consumption of 3.5mA with 10MHz sampling clocks. The post-layout simulations of the design satisfy 12-bit SNDR with a full-scale sinusoid input.</div> <p><br clear="ALL" /> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Analog%20to%20digital%20converter" title="Analog to digital converter">Analog to digital converter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=cyclic" title=" cyclic"> cyclic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=gain-boosting" title=" gain-boosting"> gain-boosting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=pipelined." title=" pipelined. "> pipelined. </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16677/14-bit-1mss-cyclic-pipelined-adc" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16677/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16677/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16677/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16677/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16677/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16677/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16677/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16677/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16677/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16677/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16677.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">3275</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">59</span> Component-based Segmentation of Words from Handwritten Arabic Text</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Jawad%20H%20AlKhateeb">Jawad H AlKhateeb</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Jianmin%20Jiang"> Jianmin Jiang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Jinchang%20Ren"> Jinchang Ren</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Stan%20S%20Ipson"> Stan S Ipson</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Efficient preprocessing is very essential for automatic recognition of handwritten documents. In this paper, techniques on segmenting words in handwritten Arabic text are presented. Firstly, connected components (ccs) are extracted, and distances among different components are analyzed. The statistical distribution of this distance is then obtained to determine an optimal threshold for words segmentation. Meanwhile, an improved projection based method is also employed for baseline detection. The proposed method has been successfully tested on IFN/ENIT database consisting of 26459 Arabic words handwritten by 411 different writers, and the results were promising and very encouraging in more accurate detection of the baseline and segmentation of words for further recognition. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Arabic%20OCR" title="Arabic OCR">Arabic OCR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=off-line%20recognition" title=" off-line recognition"> off-line recognition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Baseline%0Aestimation" title=" Baseline estimation"> Baseline estimation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Word%20segmentation." title=" Word segmentation."> Word segmentation.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7478/component-based-segmentation-of-words-from-handwritten-arabic-text" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7478/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7478/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7478/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7478/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7478/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7478/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7478/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7478/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7478/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7478/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7478.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2206</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">58</span> Creating or Destroying Objects Plan in the Graphplan Framework </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Wen-xiang%20Gu">Wen-xiang Gu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Zeng-yu%20Cai"> Zeng-yu Cai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Xin-mei%20Zhang"> Xin-mei Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Gui-dong%20Jiang"> Gui-dong Jiang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>At present, intelligent planning in the Graphplan framework is a focus of artificial intelligence. While the Creating or Destroying Objects Planning (CDOP) is one unsolved problem of this field, one of the difficulties, too. In this paper, we study this planning problem and bring forward the idea of transforming objects to propositions, based on which we offer an algorithm, Creating or Destroying Objects in the Graphplan framework (CDOGP). Compared to Graphplan, the new algorithm can solve not only the entire problems that Graphplan do, but also a part of CDOP. It is for the first time that we introduce the idea of object-proposition, and we emphasize the discussion on the representations of creating or destroying objects operator and an algorithm in the Graphplan framework. In addition, we analyze the complexity of this algorithm.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Graphplan" title="Graphplan">Graphplan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=object_proposition" title=" object_proposition"> object_proposition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Creating%20or%0D%0Adestroying%20objects" title=" Creating or destroying objects"> Creating or destroying objects</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=CDOGP." title=" CDOGP."> CDOGP.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4429/creating-or-destroying-objects-plan-in-the-graphplan-framework" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4429/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4429/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4429/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4429/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4429/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4429/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4429/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4429/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4429/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4429/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4429.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1240</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">57</span> Anisotropic Constitutive Model and its Application in Simulation of Thermal Shock Wave Propagation for Cylinder Shell Composite</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Xia%20Huang">Xia Huang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Wenhui%20Tang"> Wenhui Tang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Banghai%20Jiang"> Banghai Jiang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Xianwen%20Ran"> Xianwen Ran</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, a plane-strain orthotropic elasto-plastic dynamic constitutive model is established, and with this constitutive model, the thermal shock wave induced by intense pulsed X-ray radiation in cylinder shell composite is simulated by the finite element code, then the properties of thermal shock wave propagation are discussed. The results show that the thermal shock wave exhibit different shapes under the radiation of soft and hard X-ray, and while the composite is radiated along different principal axes, great differences exist in some aspects, such as attenuation of the peak stress value, spallation and so on. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=anisotropic%20constitutive%20model" title="anisotropic constitutive model">anisotropic constitutive model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=thermal%20shock%20wave" title=" thermal shock wave"> thermal shock wave</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=X-ray" title="X-ray">X-ray</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=cylinder%20shell%20composite." title=" cylinder shell composite."> cylinder shell composite.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/388/anisotropic-constitutive-model-and-its-application-in-simulation-of-thermal-shock-wave-propagation-for-cylinder-shell-composite" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/388/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/388/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/388/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/388/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/388/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/388/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/388/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/388/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/388/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/388/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/388.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1756</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">56</span> Research on Axial End Flux Leakage and Detent Force of Transverse Flux PM Linear Machine</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=W.%20R.%20Li">W. R. Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=J.%20K.%20Xia"> J. K. Xia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=R.%20Q.%20Peng"> R. Q. Peng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Z.%20Y.%20Guo"> Z. Y. Guo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=L.%20Jiang"> L. Jiang </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>According to 3D magnetic circuit of the transverse flux PM linear machine, distribution law is presented, and analytical expression of axial end flux leakage is derived using numerical method. Maxwell stress tensor is used to solve detent force of mover. A 3D finite element model of the transverse flux PM machine is built to analyze the flux distribution and detent force. Experimental results of the prototype verified the validity of axial end flux leakage and detent force theoretical derivation, the research on axial end flux leakage and detent force provides a valuable reference to other types of linear machine.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Transverse%20flux%20PM%20linear%20machine" title="Transverse flux PM linear machine">Transverse flux PM linear machine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=flux%20distribution" title=" flux distribution"> flux distribution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=axial%20end%20flux%20leakage" title=" axial end flux leakage"> axial end flux leakage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=detent%20force." title=" detent force."> detent force.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004249/research-on-axial-end-flux-leakage-and-detent-force-of-transverse-flux-pm-linear-machine" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004249/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004249/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004249/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004249/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004249/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004249/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004249/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004249/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004249/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004249/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004249.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1561</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">55</span> Breast Motion and Discomfort of Chinese Women in Three Breast Support Conditions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=X.N.%20Chen">X.N. Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=J.P.%20Wang"> J.P. Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=D.%20Jiang"> D. Jiang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.M.%20Shen"> S.M. Shen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Y.K.%20Yang"> Y.K. Yang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Breast motion and discomfort has been studied in Australia, Britain and the United States, while little information was known about the breast motion conditions of Chinese women. The aim of this paper was to study the breast motion and discomfort of Chinese women in no bra condition, daily bra condition and sports bra condition. Breast motion and discomfort of 8 participants was assessed during walking at 5km h-1 and running at 10km h-1. Statistical methods were used to analyze the difference and relationship between breast displacement, perceived breast motion and breast discomfort. Three indexes were developed to evaluate the functions of bras on reducing objective breast motion, subjective breast motion and breast discomfort. The result showed that breast motion of Chinese women was smaller than previous research, which may be resulted from smaller breast size in Asian women. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Breast%20discomfort" title="Breast discomfort">Breast discomfort</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=breast%20motion" title=" breast motion"> breast motion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=breast%20support%0Aconditions" title=" breast support conditions"> breast support conditions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Chinese%20women." title=" Chinese women."> Chinese women.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5000/breast-motion-and-discomfort-of-chinese-women-in-three-breast-support-conditions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5000/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5000/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5000/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5000/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5000/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5000/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5000/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5000/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5000/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5000/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5000.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2480</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">54</span> Application of Neural Networks in Financial Data Mining </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Defu%20Zhang">Defu Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Qingshan%20Jiang"> Qingshan Jiang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Xin%20Li"> Xin Li</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>This paper deals with the application of a well-known neural network technique, multilayer back-propagation (BP) neural network, in financial data mining. A modified neural network forecasting model is presented, and an intelligent mining system is developed. The system can forecast the buying and selling signs according to the prediction of future trends to stock market, and provide decision-making for stock investors. The simulation result of seven years to Shanghai Composite Index shows that the return achieved by this mining system is about three times as large as that achieved by the buy and hold strategy, so it is advantageous to apply neural networks to forecast financial time series, the different investors could benefit from it.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Data%20mining" title="Data mining">Data mining</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=neural%20network" title=" neural network"> neural network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=stock%20forecasting." title=" stock forecasting."> stock forecasting.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7127/application-of-neural-networks-in-financial-data-mining" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7127/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7127/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7127/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7127/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7127/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7127/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7127/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7127/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7127/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7127/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7127.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">3590</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">53</span> Stability Analysis of Linear Fractional Order Neutral System with Multiple Delays by Algebraic Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Lianglin%20Xiong">Lianglin Xiong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Yun%20Zhao"> Yun Zhao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Tao%20Jiang"> Tao Jiang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>In this paper, we study the stability of n-dimensional linear fractional neutral differential equation with time delays. By using the Laplace transform, we introduce a characteristic equation for the above system with multiple time delays. We discover that if all roots of the characteristic equation have negative parts, then the equilibrium of the above linear system with fractional order is Lyapunov globally asymptotical stable if the equilibrium exist that is almost the same as that of classical differential equations. An example is provided to show the effectiveness of the approach presented in this paper.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Fractional%20neutral%20differential%20equation" title="Fractional neutral differential equation">Fractional neutral differential equation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Laplace%20transform" title=" Laplace transform"> Laplace transform</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=characteristic%20equation." title=" characteristic equation."> characteristic equation.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4678/stability-analysis-of-linear-fractional-order-neutral-system-with-multiple-delays-by-algebraic-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4678/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4678/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4678/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4678/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4678/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4678/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4678/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4678/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4678/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4678/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4678.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2298</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">52</span> Characteristics of Different Solar PV Modules under Partial Shading</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Hla%20Hla%20Khaing">Hla Hla Khaing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Yit%20Jian%20Liang"> Yit Jian Liang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Nant%20Nyein%20Moe%20Htay"> Nant Nyein Moe Htay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Jiang%20Fan"> Jiang Fan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Partial shadowing is one of the problems that are always faced in terrestrial applications of solar photovoltaic (PV). The effects of partial shadow on the energy yield of conventional mono-crystalline and multi-crystalline PV modules have been researched for a long time. With deployment of new thin-film solar PV modules in the market, it is important to understand the performance of new PV modules operating under the partial shadow in the tropical zone. This paper addresses the impacts of different partial shadowing on the operating characteristics of four different types of solar PV modules that include multi-crystalline, amorphous thin-film, CdTe thin-film and CIGS thin-film PV modules.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Partial%20shade" title="Partial shade">Partial shade</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=CdTe" title=" CdTe"> CdTe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=CIGS" title=" CIGS"> CIGS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=multi-crystalline%20%28mc-Si%29" title=" multi-crystalline (mc-Si)"> multi-crystalline (mc-Si)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=amorphous%20silicon%20%28a-Si%29" title=" amorphous silicon (a-Si)"> amorphous silicon (a-Si)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=bypass%20diode." title=" bypass diode. "> bypass diode. </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999229/characteristics-of-different-solar-pv-modules-under-partial-shading" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999229/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999229/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999229/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999229/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999229/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999229/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999229/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999229/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999229/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999229/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999229.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">7333</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Zhizhong%20Jiang&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Zhizhong%20Jiang&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Zhizhong%20Jiang&page=2" rel="next">&rsaquo;</a></li> </ul> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/WASET-16th-foundational-anniversary.pdf">WASET celebrates its 16th foundational anniversary</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Account <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile">My Account</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Explore <li><a href="https://waset.org/disciplines">Disciplines</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conferences">Conferences</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conference-programs">Conference Program</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/committees">Committees</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Publications</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Research <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Open Science <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Philosophy.pdf">Open Science Philosophy</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Award.pdf">Open Science Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Society-Open-Science-and-Open-Innovation.pdf">Open Innovation</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Postdoctoral-Fellowship-Award.pdf">Postdoctoral Fellowship Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Scholarly-Research-Review.pdf">Scholarly Research Review</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Support <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">Support</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Contact Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Report Abuse</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container text-center"> <hr style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.3rem;"> <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank" class="text-muted small">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</a> <div id="copy" class="mt-2">© 2024 World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology</div> </div> </footer> <a href="javascript:" id="return-to-top"><i class="fas fa-arrow-up"></i></a> <div class="modal" id="modal-template"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="row m-0 mt-1"> <div class="col-md-12"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button> </div> </div> <div class="modal-body"></div> </div> </div> </div> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/jquery-3.3.1.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/js/site.js?v=150220211556"></script> <script> jQuery(document).ready(function() { /*jQuery.get("https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", function (response) { jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); });*/ jQuery.get({ url: "https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", cache: false }).then(function(response){ jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); }); }); </script> </body> </html>