CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "www.loc.gov",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '920e17d83bd6fd21',cH: 'P3gge_MfZHvEmygbXnr2V.9LE2N2XzL1vNxPb1jH2CM-1742063543-1.2.1.1-u1o1TRS5WKijmru1G5lmPphxJnSgUu0SCelp6hQTyr6YydrUeFIEb8pPyW7YafUp',cUPMDTk: "\/collections\/world-digital-library\/about-this-collection\/?__cf_chl_tk=pEJvfKBEw.4e8cj31AH1wcICtV6nXqNv_oEZkjRP8Rw-1742063543-1.0.1.1-xK5zRfrOFomSeHJRnKgQFTf87vB68YFUKmkW8FsLQnE",cFPWv: 'g',cITimeS: '1742063543',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/collections\/world-digital-library\/about-this-collection\/?__cf_chl_f_tk=pEJvfKBEw.4e8cj31AH1wcICtV6nXqNv_oEZkjRP8Rw-1742063543-1.0.1.1-xK5zRfrOFomSeHJRnKgQFTf87vB68YFUKmkW8FsLQnE",md: "HVOXIuatkG.KlGLDGbW7ZuS1FYEHz39A6f1A9s0Vd.k-1742063543-1.2.1.1-lK1.rxYSB_wGQUwRVQAAMwba8DLaE2fVufmjliq1NrnbRcS43xzu1Ppp2FqT7r2ydzilweDsvYY_U2VceWhfTeBoh1IEuOWz4c2ljuFIb9fzJy_RnRNE_KKJwESNxgcs3HOkex8NcZSDuxeDPXm9jmJfUvxyPTU6.tBQ7UJ10cuaEZ.Ak04V0n5eNrtOpUDEVwou45cwHg3ANi7B3MaHnz54.0xpPNk0SQ0B0FX1wcuz5L07bQ4gF6YlywthK8n1KLMEV7QixQXMhnNceSU7UO1nF4b0rtVVqq2VoSKKvmB_txvuXY9AoCdv7rAFjPeLhopn1W2B5TrNThbcRkrW0TyaZIso7U86fN9dkPqKPZB79kg2mdtnGOvoP05hdfkBwUhMC8kjo7sNi0xTvcvR_3LaBtclHAdCP9Q4hRr2Sv83SVt3f4Q2G5kRHee11WvTgems1USnVaToxz5IRMajEvuG2tEJwYBs36dlGL2Cx7OxiFwcZ.BCYGB.snh61jT62p_3pGxhMPX90Hb9WGVu.jc_XL8hSXrOqs78t6HnFJmc3mwGPO4ijO.C773aIRpx6fOY8eo2nV7N_Ugu8syhYIeyIe8S4NsPCiun3z94_H7BRQK2AxH1Tt0TBm58ZzBUMrxg9Dn.Wh9xIOz9pcccQU4tLwfTz_fOA4_0DvqLcbPCvoqigYQhSz4LGTdfDe6_O4Cx8KJpVG2JREAxt8LiXuDDoXqvumEiMVYf7XvW2o5wfzOluKx2idSBhpQ_NoeFWgbCpIMWg54kMCMV5tGT.RMx1qC36GKpwOeUgcBFCO_vfwEmVggeVo03DF_tnhjyIO5ajweIPBScgLeGRQKFjwRBsZkNIxbw0l77QB4r4lR0jAzTACOuzWKI1ANGzEw4zCzQb4wXPHEKCRPiOQzE1cwKI0i4xFQt4T99rCPPlZFKFuejdU4wCDHdzlY7jGTKQ3vTzGvRpnv0vRNpO8ofpb4nAii1uOx_zz1TdC1SY6sGJodqUM_dcmGcWL4CYu97Q5n0Aavg5fR8kOk0VG8HPIh6LuIDbikm0CaEjNFGjV6HSnHgAHJPhYJ9gHNypZb4iny_ujdqbEnu2J7m_7rxTO_B.yg7Ao9.nqNv1oxTsm_pjkIXnfWfbvYOoYG9ujxJrABSTWIB8bJHZUstC5ucDlLiNAxUZvMd4zc8_zJC22.5J.RLc9oFAwg4WsCxFrv7",mdrd: "dpUncwWzevddILu80j8fDAmiUbPB9ImWrzrBoLiP0GA-1742063543-1.2.1.1-utxUM2xXvE8AlcyKd3dzjY32Is.UhyxdR09CSw_8Krb6HEGqM11tHN7B4TrGQr4dCbYHoqPJykigD0jGCiwz_FLdcUrWTS1VWHixZYmebvsnzvxiEyxabjRO9Ut3FqKEaFXF84ia_cqw2IEVfFUCPcHJKS1_9Y7wHJxSIZoereJ9x_RuGlQUeRW6bt5T4RlR.LTMzwWCbkQtXUp70ahBNigbKMZ6gyXlfwmZu5QJA5_GSACbs29g3tQY7bxYS3diF2O424B7K6luYrNYuRdXyajoNhIOCSKRtZ7Gik__zcsSiWd1xTA0aXQD11EQKVxFc2QB.ZhIz6ybQPFAm10BysVj.5y3J6WEGj1nEfz4GVxtxhPWvYUlOVseVCd9H3kVKe6_Laxfqe4uvlJ0PeKLGeeV7O7M.VUDA9gzVDD5_qz5YH.ugfpg3PbhrBNQSSqDn2TIBD.DHRSgp0mqnrA_2RjOzi93KquOgCQFiKofpYje8ha3htaAyXtF6fs4Xls.9MWCZIF4Fn9hdTiIgOlK1VQvqGd6F2ERNfJTYO4bANTSALpbASmjS0YIN3LpQeydjdEKq.d7DmtTuHj5mIhV076fg61nQtZVP2vyzj6ztLzGheKf69qVgkreEaDNPZe1P_jCJJcexKZf0_V84FC_oo2504wQfbZropaFdz83_y2SzbIL_h2dTkGg452lPPS2Gp0P..czQz2j_hP8Gokv7lZBozKfOwT4bHTZ_ugevuPhvtlDDk.ZMFGJvLn6isuB6IILzBbAW14TlaaaI81uw4pdU_LyVhWoDBV79LRH..k9VpfqlWz7_ged3FRWDBuLi7Du6XodlXEl1XPMKdksfFEgvnBlZvMMDI3Bt9NVgKhJUok_fNMGwpgw7zcx9QBenopkMKUYcSBwK9xeF65m8rddG5wDqvboVVAKJy7aIPZxyUmRJ7IinsxGV8dPVib.2EYOc8PoNmy1RphqopN5BccZrWGALiyKR4e6eTWDqceKIDmONMHTbAjJtUXzpQmZ_Yd0U5wxlWpvSEKenIUoU3AdnZDRSH7ryX1I6siElz_LFnZ6m.lBJCN9ks9DPfLEv9cq1ph5vJ25E5lz9uNaupmwa4z.rTDKi9diIA4gSZCX1poNTco0KBMC3GPLk8WI6isswmY8.yDa6jqcP3xkx60dRqGrMJa3aJjSUpCqCFNUN7s394vAzI00PY._tiVVkdZcruaV11aHUWO3mXRMnP37l6S9GuZOitagbqnvJhndlagL7TOjDhDCLtBL.0HWbu_XzA3bYWlV4_9iWQ9FW4PNWnEHDJ0NNt9vBXrY1IcxPNBrOLXsIF75hcAehSmNQic.3I.Wg0k1bHda3OiD35eU94k14pF0A_c7JSIJ.Dn75ovpyUmR2lY_O6T6CwufOQO0NP1lSYAAYn_lNraFFy.BL3lKXKm0aEUxCUZORuKZo7kMyeEEX7.1b2bhO7MzSZ9_rIHob0kA5LBQI.jyw8039OPp5t9CM8J_JtDzeO57mBGHp194yLsD39qNbV51Heem7Ibxz5RrSb6FKa__vc7Cv_fq7rmLA9GWcPwX_saDEA2E.tATDwohTnyFm5JOv40FA29Z1rF7AB_Xs.647S4kfN9.uQ9FWmAmDQ5AdM51KvXXsI4PlCsI2F8u.kINDns08yfZyZM6JA2L_BFQa0Taso5IxrAQh2ilNwbSjmKWzW.ls1SiVZnBHI83tt1XJlNo_BtpbCDRVfR8yWAS9U4IA6g8djVNPQETwotHeIayjpY_5YDFn2ordmGuDjIFyb4MOSiny8u0ky0KTdfPjx8UCwJOf8MnjtULaj80UtCTYJHAkImhavQUJRRLiDLypdZp4c5PabboPI8PbHEyVh39rt4KcKAM9Cmgj4uuRwnEBP_zYplQITjxTruSYru1AHgq4FOkTm0wEtFdR34EQ_Aab4yK0TXqAP5F9zT5_IWtd4DpWs5WRbR4OYTH9Ru6_GJFA2j7Ohru7V3vuvem2Bm7VaNMvNX9WW6AQdePlgYO7l_R435POLCD0lwkDca6vORHZz.OfZxwxZ9p5Qn0vA"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/g/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=920e17d83bd6fd21';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/collections\/world-digital-library\/about-this-collection\/?__cf_chl_rt_tk=pEJvfKBEw.4e8cj31AH1wcICtV6nXqNv_oEZkjRP8Rw-1742063543-1.0.1.1-xK5zRfrOFomSeHJRnKgQFTf87vB68YFUKmkW8FsLQnE" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>