Google Apps Script quickstart | Google Classroom

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navigation" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Google Forms </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developers.google.com/keep" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developers.google.com/keep" track-metadata-position="nav - all products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline=" " tooltip data-category="Workspace top menu navigation" data-label="Tab menu: All products - Google Keep" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Google Keep </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developers.google.com/meet" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developers.google.com/meet" track-metadata-position="nav - all products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline=" " tooltip data-label="Tab menu: All products - Google Meet" data-category="Workspace top menu navigation" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Google Meet </div> </a> </li> <li 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</div> </div> </tab> <tab class="devsite-dropdown "> <a href="https://developers.google.com/workspace/resources-menu" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developers.google.com/workspace/resources-menu" class="devsite-tabs-content gc-analytics-event " track-type="nav" track-metadata-position="nav - resources" track-metadata-module="primary nav" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Resources" track-name="resources" > Resources </a> <a href="#" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Dropdown menu for Resources" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developers.google.com/workspace/resources-menu" track-metadata-position="nav - resources" track-metadata-module="primary nav" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Resources" track-name="resources" class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-toggle devsite-icon devsite-icon-arrow-drop-down"></a> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown" aria-label="submenu" hidden> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-content"> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-column "> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-title" role="heading" tooltip>Tools</li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://admin.google.com/" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://admin.google.com/" track-metadata-position="nav - resources" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="tools" tooltip target="admin-console" data-label="Tab menu: Resources - Admin console" data-category="Workspace top menu navigation" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Admin console </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://script.google.com/" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://script.google.com/" track-metadata-position="nav - resources" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="tools" tooltip data-category="Workspace top menu navigation" target="_blank" data-label="Tab menu: Resources - Apps Script dashboard" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Apps Script dashboard </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://console.cloud.google.com/workspace-api" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://console.cloud.google.com/workspace-api" track-metadata-position="nav - resources" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="tools" tooltip data-label="Tab menu: Resources - Google Cloud console" data-category="Workspace top menu navigation" target="console" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Google Cloud console </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developers.google.com/workspace/explore" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developers.google.com/workspace/explore" track-metadata-position="nav - resources" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="tools" tooltip data-category="Workspace top menu navigation" data-label="Tab menu: Resources - APIs Explorer" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> APIs Explorer </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://addons.gsuite.google.com/uikit/builder" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://addons.gsuite.google.com/uikit/builder" track-metadata-position="nav - resources" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="tools" tooltip data-category="Workspace top menu navigation" target="_blank" data-label="Tab menu: Resources - Card Builder" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Card Builder </div> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-column "> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-title" role="heading" tooltip>Training & support</li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developers.google.com/workspace/guides/get-started" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developers.google.com/workspace/guides/get-started" track-metadata-position="nav - resources" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="training & support" tooltip data-label="Tab menu: Resources - How to get started" data-category="Workspace top menu navigation" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> How to get started </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://codelabs.developers.google.com/?product=googleworkspace" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://codelabs.developers.google.com/?product=googleworkspace" track-metadata-position="nav - resources" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="training & support" tooltip data-label="Tab menu: Resources - Codelabs" target="_blank" data-category="Workspace top menu navigation" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Codelabs </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developers.google.com/workspace/support" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developers.google.com/workspace/support" track-metadata-position="nav - resources" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="training & support" tooltip data-label="Tab menu: Resources - Developer support" data-category="Workspace top menu navigation" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Developer support </div> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-column "> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-title" role="heading" tooltip>Updates</li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developers.googleblog.com/search/?query=Google+Workspace" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developers.googleblog.com/search/?query=Google+Workspace" track-metadata-position="nav - resources" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="updates" tooltip target="_blank" data-category="Workspace top menu navigation" data-label="Tab menu: Resources - Blog" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Blog </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developers.google.com/workspace/preview" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developers.google.com/workspace/preview" track-metadata-position="nav - resources" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="updates" tooltip data-label="Tab menu: Resources - Developer previews" data-category="Workspace top menu navigation" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Developer Previews </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developers.google.com/workspace/newsletters" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developers.google.com/workspace/newsletters" track-metadata-position="nav - resources" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="updates" tooltip data-label="Tab menu: Resources - Newsletter" data-category="Workspace top menu navigation" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Newsletter </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://twitter.com/workspacedevs" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://twitter.com/workspacedevs" track-metadata-position="nav - resources" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="updates" tooltip target="_blank" data-label="Tab menu: Resources - X (Twitter)" data-category="Workspace top menu navigation" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> X (Twitter) </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCUcg6az6etU_gRtZVAhBXaw" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCUcg6az6etU_gRtZVAhBXaw" track-metadata-position="nav - resources" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="updates" tooltip target="_blank" data-label="Tab menu: Resources - YouTube" data-category="Workspace top menu navigation" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> YouTube </div> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </tab> </nav> </devsite-tabs> </div> <devsite-search enable-signin enable-search enable-suggestions enable-query-completion project-name="Google Classroom" tenant-name="Google for Developers" project-scope="/classroom" url-scoped="https://developers.google.com/s/results/classroom" > <form class="devsite-search-form" action="https://developers.google.com/s/results" method="GET"> <div class="devsite-search-container"> <button type="button" search-open class="devsite-search-button devsite-header-icon-button button-flat material-icons" aria-label="Open search"></button> <div class="devsite-searchbox"> <input aria-activedescendant="" aria-autocomplete="list" aria-label="Search" aria-expanded="false" aria-haspopup="listbox" autocomplete="off" class="devsite-search-field devsite-search-query" name="q" placeholder="Search" role="combobox" type="text" value="" > <div class="devsite-search-image material-icons" aria-hidden="true"> </div> <div class="devsite-search-shortcut-icon-container" aria-hidden="true"> <kbd class="devsite-search-shortcut-icon">/</kbd> </div> </div> </div> </form> <button type="button" search-close class="devsite-search-button devsite-header-icon-button button-flat material-icons" aria-label="Close search"></button> </devsite-search> </div> <devsite-language-selector> <ul role="presentation"> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="en" >English</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="de" >Deutsch</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="es" >Español</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="fr" >Français</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="id" >Indonesia</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="pt_br" >Português – Brasil</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="ru" >Русский</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="zh_cn" >中文 – 简体</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="ja" >日本語</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="ko" >한국어</a> </li> </ul> </devsite-language-selector> <devsite-user enable-profiles fp-auth id="devsite-user"> <span class="button devsite-top-button" aria-hidden="true" visually-hidden>Sign in</span> </devsite-user> </div> </div> </div> <div class="devsite-collapsible-section "> <div class="devsite-header-background"> <div class="devsite-product-id-row" > <div class="devsite-product-description-row"> <ul class="devsite-breadcrumb-list" > <li class="devsite-breadcrumb-item "> <a href="https://developers.google.com/classroom" class="devsite-breadcrumb-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Lower Header" data-value="1" track-type="globalNav" track-name="breadcrumb" track-metadata-position="1" track-metadata-eventdetail="Google Classroom" > Google Classroom </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="devsite-doc-set-nav-row"> <devsite-tabs class="lower-tabs"> <nav class="devsite-tabs-wrapper" aria-label="Lower tabs"> <tab > <a href="https://developers.google.com/classroom" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developers.google.com/classroom" class="devsite-tabs-content gc-analytics-event " track-type="nav" track-metadata-position="nav - overview" track-metadata-module="primary nav" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Overview" track-name="overview" > Overview </a> </tab> <tab class="devsite-active"> <a href="https://developers.google.com/classroom/guides/get-started" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developers.google.com/classroom/guides/get-started" class="devsite-tabs-content gc-analytics-event " track-type="nav" track-metadata-position="nav - guides" track-metadata-module="primary nav" aria-label="Guides, selected" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Guides" track-name="guides" > Guides </a> </tab> <tab > <a href="https://developers.google.com/classroom/reference/rest" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developers.google.com/classroom/reference/rest" class="devsite-tabs-content gc-analytics-event " track-type="nav" track-metadata-position="nav - reference" track-metadata-module="primary nav" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Reference" track-name="reference" > Reference </a> </tab> <tab > <a href="https://developers.google.com/classroom/support" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developers.google.com/classroom/support" class="devsite-tabs-content gc-analytics-event " track-type="nav" track-metadata-position="nav - support" track-metadata-module="primary nav" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Support" track-name="support" > Support </a> </tab> </nav> </devsite-tabs> </div> </div> </div> </div> </devsite-header> <devsite-book-nav scrollbars > <div class="devsite-book-nav-filter" > <span class="filter-list-icon material-icons" aria-hidden="true"></span> <input type="text" placeholder="Filter" aria-label="Type to filter" role="searchbox"> <span class="filter-clear-button hidden" data-title="Clear filter" aria-label="Clear filter" role="button" tabindex="0"></span> </div> <nav class="devsite-book-nav devsite-nav nocontent" aria-label="Side menu"> <div class="devsite-mobile-header"> <button type="button" id="devsite-close-nav" class="devsite-header-icon-button button-flat material-icons gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Close navigation" aria-label="Close navigation"> </button> <div class="devsite-product-name-wrapper"> <a href="https://developers.google.com/workspace"> <div class="devsite-product-logo-container" size="medium" > <picture> <img class="devsite-product-logo" alt="Google Workspace" src="https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/i/productlogos/googleg/v6/16px.svg" srcset=" https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/i/productlogos/googleg/v6/16px.svg" sizes="64px" loading="lazy" > </picture> </div> </a> <span class="devsite-product-name"> <ul class="devsite-breadcrumb-list" > <li class="devsite-breadcrumb-item devsite-has-google-wordmark"> <a href="https://developers.google.com/workspace" class="devsite-breadcrumb-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Upper Header" data-value="1" track-type="globalNav" track-name="breadcrumb" track-metadata-position="1" track-metadata-eventdetail="Google Workspace" > <svg class="devsite-google-wordmark" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 148 48"> <title>Google</title> <path class="devsite-google-wordmark-svg-path" d="M19.58,37.65c-9.87,0-18.17-8.04-18.17-17.91c0-9.87,8.3-17.91,18.17-17.91c5.46,0,9.35,2.14,12.27,4.94l-3.45,3.45c-2.1-1.97-4.93-3.49-8.82-3.49c-7.21,0-12.84,5.81-12.84,13.02c0,7.21,5.64,13.02,12.84,13.02c4.67,0,7.34-1.88,9.04-3.58c1.4-1.4,2.32-3.41,2.66-6.16H19.58v-4.89h16.47c0.18,0.87,0.26,1.92,0.26,3.06c0,3.67-1.01,8.21-4.24,11.44C28.93,35.9,24.91,37.65,19.58,37.65z M61.78,26.12c0,6.64-5.1,11.53-11.36,11.53s-11.36-4.89-11.36-11.53c0-6.68,5.1-11.53,11.36-11.53S61.78,19.43,61.78,26.12z M56.8,26.12c0-4.15-2.96-6.99-6.39-6.99c-3.43,0-6.39,2.84-6.39,6.99c0,4.11,2.96,6.99,6.39,6.99C53.84,33.11,56.8,30.22,56.8,26.12z M87.25,26.12c0,6.64-5.1,11.53-11.36,11.53c-6.26,0-11.36-4.89-11.36-11.53c0-6.68,5.1-11.53,11.36-11.53C82.15,14.59,87.25,19.43,87.25,26.12zM82.28,26.12c0-4.15-2.96-6.99-6.39-6.99c-3.43,0-6.39,2.84-6.39,6.99c0,4.11,2.96,6.99,6.39,6.99C79.32,33.11,82.28,30.22,82.28,26.12z M112.09,15.29v20.7c0,8.52-5.02,12.01-10.96,12.01c-5.59,0-8.95-3.76-10.22-6.81l4.41-1.83c0.79,1.88,2.71,4.1,5.81,4.1c3.8,0,6.16-2.36,6.16-6.77v-1.66h-0.18c-1.14,1.4-3.32,2.62-6.07,2.62c-5.76,0-11.05-5.02-11.05-11.49c0-6.51,5.28-11.57,11.05-11.57c2.75,0,4.93,1.22,6.07,2.58h0.18v-1.88H112.09z M107.64,26.16c0-4.06-2.71-7.03-6.16-7.03c-3.49,0-6.42,2.97-6.42,7.03c0,4.02,2.93,6.94,6.42,6.94C104.93,33.11,107.64,30.18,107.64,26.16z M120.97,3.06v33.89h-5.07V3.06H120.97z M140.89,29.92l3.93,2.62c-1.27,1.88-4.32,5.11-9.61,5.11c-6.55,0-11.28-5.07-11.28-11.53c0-6.86,4.77-11.53,10.71-11.53c5.98,0,8.91,4.76,9.87,7.34l0.52,1.31l-15.42,6.38c1.18,2.31,3.01,3.49,5.59,3.49C137.79,33.11,139.58,31.84,140.89,29.92zM128.79,25.77l10.31-4.28c-0.57-1.44-2.27-2.45-4.28-2.45C132.24,19.04,128.66,21.31,128.79,25.77z"/> </svg>Workspace </a> </li> </ul> </span> </div> </div> <div class="devsite-book-nav-wrapper"> <div class="devsite-mobile-nav-top"> <ul class="devsite-nav-list"> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/workspace" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Home" track-name="home" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Home" track-type="globalNav" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Home </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/classroom" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event devsite-nav-active" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Google Classroom" track-name="google classroom" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Google Classroom" track-type="globalNav" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Google Classroom </span> </a> <ul class="devsite-nav-responsive-tabs"> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/classroom" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event devsite-nav-has-children " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Overview" track-name="overview" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Overview" track-type="globalNav" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Overview </span> <span class="devsite-nav-icon material-icons" data-icon="forward" > </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/classroom/guides/get-started" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event devsite-nav-has-children devsite-nav-active" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Guides" track-name="guides" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Guides" track-type="globalNav" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip menu="_book"> Guides </span> <span class="devsite-nav-icon material-icons" data-icon="forward" menu="_book"> </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/classroom/reference/rest" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event devsite-nav-has-children " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Reference" track-name="reference" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Reference" track-type="globalNav" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Reference </span> <span class="devsite-nav-icon material-icons" data-icon="forward" > </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/classroom/support" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event devsite-nav-has-children " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Support" track-name="support" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Support" track-type="globalNav" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Support </span> <span class="devsite-nav-icon material-icons" data-icon="forward" > </span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/workspace/products-menu" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: All products" track-name="all products" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: All products" track-type="globalNav" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > All products </span> </a> <ul class="devsite-nav-responsive-tabs devsite-nav-has-menu "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <span class="devsite-nav-title" tooltip data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: All products" track-name="all products" > <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip menu="All products"> More </span> <span class="devsite-nav-icon material-icons" data-icon="forward" menu="All products"> </span> </span> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/workspace/resources-menu" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Resources" track-name="resources" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Resources" track-type="globalNav" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Resources </span> </a> <ul class="devsite-nav-responsive-tabs devsite-nav-has-menu "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <span class="devsite-nav-title" tooltip data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Resources" track-name="resources" > <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip menu="Resources"> More </span> <span class="devsite-nav-icon material-icons" data-icon="forward" menu="Resources"> </span> </span> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="devsite-mobile-nav-bottom"> <ul class="devsite-nav-list" menu="_book"> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/classroom/guides/get-started" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /classroom/guides/get-started" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/classroom/guides/get-started" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Overview</span></a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/classroom/reference/roadmap" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /classroom/reference/roadmap" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/classroom/reference/roadmap" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Roadmap & preview features</span></a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Get started</span> </div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Key concepts</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/classroom/guides/key-concepts/api-structure" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /classroom/guides/key-concepts/api-structure" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/classroom/guides/key-concepts/api-structure" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>API structure</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/classroom/guides/key-concepts/grades" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /classroom/guides/key-concepts/grades" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/classroom/guides/key-concepts/grades" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Grades</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/classroom/guides/key-concepts/user-types" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /classroom/guides/key-concepts/user-types" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/classroom/guides/key-concepts/user-types" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>User types</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/classroom/guides/key-concepts/user-eligibility" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /classroom/guides/key-concepts/user-eligibility" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/classroom/guides/key-concepts/user-eligibility" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>User eligibility</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/classroom/guides/key-concepts/admin-actions" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /classroom/guides/key-concepts/admin-actions" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/classroom/guides/key-concepts/admin-actions" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Administrator actions</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/classroom/guides/key-concepts/domain-wide-delegation" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /classroom/guides/key-concepts/domain-wide-delegation" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/classroom/guides/key-concepts/domain-wide-delegation" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Domain-wide delegation</span></a></li></ul></div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Onboarding</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/classroom/guides/onboarding/prerequisites" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /classroom/guides/onboarding/prerequisites" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/classroom/guides/onboarding/prerequisites" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Prerequisites</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/classroom/guides/auth" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /classroom/guides/auth" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/classroom/guides/auth" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Authorization</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/classroom/guides/onboarding/how-requests-work" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /classroom/guides/onboarding/how-requests-work" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/classroom/guides/onboarding/how-requests-work" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>How requests work</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Quickstarts</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/classroom/quickstart/js" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /classroom/quickstart/js" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/classroom/quickstart/js" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>JavaScript</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/classroom/quickstart/go" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /classroom/quickstart/go" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/classroom/quickstart/go" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Go</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/classroom/quickstart/apps-script" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /classroom/quickstart/apps-script" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/classroom/quickstart/apps-script" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Google Apps Script</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/classroom/quickstart/java" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /classroom/quickstart/java" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/classroom/quickstart/java" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Java</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/classroom/quickstart/nodejs" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /classroom/quickstart/nodejs" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/classroom/quickstart/nodejs" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Node.js</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/classroom/quickstart/python" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /classroom/quickstart/python" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/classroom/quickstart/python" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Python</span></a></li></ul></div></li></ul></div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Best practices</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/classroom/best-practices/errors" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /classroom/best-practices/errors" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/classroom/best-practices/errors" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>API errors</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/classroom/best-practices/troubleshooting" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /classroom/best-practices/troubleshooting" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/classroom/best-practices/troubleshooting" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Troubleshooting</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/classroom/best-practices/performance" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /classroom/best-practices/performance" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/classroom/best-practices/performance" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Improve performance</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/classroom/best-practices/batch" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /classroom/best-practices/batch" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/classroom/best-practices/batch" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Batch requests</span></a></li></ul></div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Integration paths</span> </div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Classroom add-ons</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/classroom/add-ons" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /classroom/add-ons" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/classroom/add-ons" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Introduction</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Get started</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/classroom/add-ons/get-started/get-started-overview" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /classroom/add-ons/get-started/get-started-overview" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/classroom/add-ons/get-started/get-started-overview" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Overview</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/classroom/add-ons/get-started/developer-journey" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /classroom/add-ons/get-started/developer-journey" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/classroom/add-ons/get-started/developer-journey" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Developer journey</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>User journeys</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/classroom/add-ons/get-started/user-journeys" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /classroom/add-ons/get-started/user-journeys" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/classroom/add-ons/get-started/user-journeys" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Overview</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/classroom/add-ons/get-started/sign-in-journey" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /classroom/add-ons/get-started/sign-in-journey" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/classroom/add-ons/get-started/sign-in-journey" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Sign in</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/classroom/add-ons/get-started/attachments-journey" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /classroom/add-ons/get-started/attachments-journey" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/classroom/add-ons/get-started/attachments-journey" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Attachments</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>iframes</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/classroom/add-ons/get-started/iframes/iframes-overview" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /classroom/add-ons/get-started/iframes/iframes-overview" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/classroom/add-ons/get-started/iframes/iframes-overview" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Overview</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/classroom/add-ons/get-started/iframes/attachment-discovery-iframe" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /classroom/add-ons/get-started/iframes/attachment-discovery-iframe" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/classroom/add-ons/get-started/iframes/attachment-discovery-iframe" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Attachment Discovery</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/classroom/add-ons/get-started/iframes/teacher-iframe" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /classroom/add-ons/get-started/iframes/teacher-iframe" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/classroom/add-ons/get-started/iframes/teacher-iframe" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Teacher View</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/classroom/add-ons/get-started/iframes/grader-iframe" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /classroom/add-ons/get-started/iframes/grader-iframe" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/classroom/add-ons/get-started/iframes/grader-iframe" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Student Work Review</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/classroom/add-ons/get-started/iframes/student-iframe" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /classroom/add-ons/get-started/iframes/student-iframe" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/classroom/add-ons/get-started/iframes/student-iframe" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Student View</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/classroom/add-ons/get-started/iframes/link-upgrade-iframe" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /classroom/add-ons/get-started/iframes/link-upgrade-iframe" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/classroom/add-ons/get-started/iframes/link-upgrade-iframe" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Link Upgrade</span></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/classroom/add-ons/get-started/mobile-journey" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /classroom/add-ons/get-started/mobile-journey" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/classroom/add-ons/get-started/mobile-journey" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Mobile experience</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/classroom/add-ons/get-started/iframes/support-and-feedback" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /classroom/add-ons/get-started/iframes/support-and-feedback" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/classroom/add-ons/get-started/iframes/support-and-feedback" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>User support and feedback</span></a></li></ul></div></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Developer guides</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/classroom/add-ons/developer-guides/developer-guides-overview" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /classroom/add-ons/developer-guides/developer-guides-overview" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/classroom/add-ons/developer-guides/developer-guides-overview" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Overview</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/classroom/add-ons/developer-guides/project-configuration" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /classroom/add-ons/developer-guides/project-configuration" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/classroom/add-ons/developer-guides/project-configuration" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Cloud project configuration</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/classroom/add-ons/developer-guides/iframes" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /classroom/add-ons/developer-guides/iframes" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/classroom/add-ons/developer-guides/iframes" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>iframe and query parameter details</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/classroom/add-ons/developer-guides/frictionless-signin" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /classroom/add-ons/developer-guides/frictionless-signin" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/classroom/add-ons/developer-guides/frictionless-signin" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Frictionless sign-in with SSO</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/classroom/add-ons/developer-guides/attachment-interactions" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /classroom/add-ons/developer-guides/attachment-interactions" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/classroom/add-ons/developer-guides/attachment-interactions" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Interact with attachments</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/classroom/add-ons/developer-guides/upgrade-links-to-addons" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /classroom/add-ons/developer-guides/upgrade-links-to-addons" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/classroom/add-ons/developer-guides/upgrade-links-to-addons" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Upgrade links to add-on attachments</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/classroom/add-ons/developer-guides/third-party-first-journey" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /classroom/add-ons/developer-guides/third-party-first-journey" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/classroom/add-ons/developer-guides/third-party-first-journey" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Create attachments outside of Classroom</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/classroom/add-ons/developer-guides/third-party-cookies" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /classroom/add-ons/developer-guides/third-party-cookies" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/classroom/add-ons/developer-guides/third-party-cookies" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Prepare for the third-party cookie deprecation</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/classroom/add-ons/developer-guides/sunset-an-addon" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /classroom/add-ons/developer-guides/sunset-an-addon" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/classroom/add-ons/developer-guides/sunset-an-addon" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Turn off or shut down an add-on</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/classroom/add-ons/developer-guides/known-issues" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /classroom/add-ons/developer-guides/known-issues" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/classroom/add-ons/developer-guides/known-issues" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Known issues</span></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Best practices</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/classroom/add-ons/best-practices/best-practices-overview" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /classroom/add-ons/best-practices/best-practices-overview" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/classroom/add-ons/best-practices/best-practices-overview" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Overview</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/classroom/add-ons/best-practices/key-considerations" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /classroom/add-ons/best-practices/key-considerations" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/classroom/add-ons/best-practices/key-considerations" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Key considerations</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/classroom/add-ons/best-practices/implementation-strategy" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /classroom/add-ons/best-practices/implementation-strategy" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/classroom/add-ons/best-practices/implementation-strategy" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Implementation strategy</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/classroom/add-ons/best-practices/new-tabs" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /classroom/add-ons/best-practices/new-tabs" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/classroom/add-ons/best-practices/new-tabs" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Opening new tabs</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/classroom/add-ons/best-practices/copy-content" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /classroom/add-ons/best-practices/copy-content" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/classroom/add-ons/best-practices/copy-content" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Handling copied content</span></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Add-on review process</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/classroom/add-ons/review-process/review-process-overview" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /classroom/add-ons/review-process/review-process-overview" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/classroom/add-ons/review-process/review-process-overview" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Overview</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/classroom/add-ons/review-process/pre-publication" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /classroom/add-ons/review-process/pre-publication" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/classroom/add-ons/review-process/pre-publication" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Pre-publication</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/classroom/add-ons/review-process/security-review" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /classroom/add-ons/review-process/security-review" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/classroom/add-ons/review-process/security-review" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Security review</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/classroom/add-ons/review-process/gwm-review" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /classroom/add-ons/review-process/gwm-review" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/classroom/add-ons/review-process/gwm-review" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Google Workspace Marketplace review</span></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Guided walkthroughs</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/classroom/add-ons/walkthroughs/walkthroughs-overview" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /classroom/add-ons/walkthroughs/walkthroughs-overview" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/classroom/add-ons/walkthroughs/walkthroughs-overview" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Overview</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/classroom/add-ons/walkthroughs/create-an-add-on" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /classroom/add-ons/walkthroughs/create-an-add-on" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/classroom/add-ons/walkthroughs/create-an-add-on" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Create an add-on</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/classroom/add-ons/walkthroughs/sign-in" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /classroom/add-ons/walkthroughs/sign-in" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/classroom/add-ons/walkthroughs/sign-in" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Sign the user in</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/classroom/add-ons/walkthroughs/repeat-login" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /classroom/add-ons/walkthroughs/repeat-login" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/classroom/add-ons/walkthroughs/repeat-login" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Handle repeat visits</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/classroom/add-ons/walkthroughs/content-attachments" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /classroom/add-ons/walkthroughs/content-attachments" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/classroom/add-ons/walkthroughs/content-attachments" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Content-type attachments</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/classroom/add-ons/walkthroughs/activity-attachments" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /classroom/add-ons/walkthroughs/activity-attachments" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/classroom/add-ons/walkthroughs/activity-attachments" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Activity-type attachments</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/classroom/add-ons/walkthroughs/grade-passback" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /classroom/add-ons/walkthroughs/grade-passback" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/classroom/add-ons/walkthroughs/grade-passback" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Attachment grades and grade passback</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/classroom/add-ons/walkthroughs/external-attachments" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /classroom/add-ons/walkthroughs/external-attachments" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/classroom/add-ons/walkthroughs/external-attachments" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>External attachments and assignment turn-in</span></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/classroom/add-ons/requirements" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /classroom/add-ons/requirements" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/classroom/add-ons/requirements" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Add-on requirements</span></a></li></ul></div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/classroom/guides/coursework-integration" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /classroom/guides/coursework-integration" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/classroom/guides/coursework-integration" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>CourseWork</span></a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/classroom/guides/sharebutton" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /classroom/guides/sharebutton" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/classroom/guides/sharebutton" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Classroom Share button</span></a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>OneRoster for Student Information Systems</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/classroom/sis-integrations/getting-started" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /classroom/sis-integrations/getting-started" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/classroom/sis-integrations/getting-started" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Get started</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/classroom/sis-integrations/validate-your-SIS" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /classroom/sis-integrations/validate-your-SIS" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/classroom/sis-integrations/validate-your-SIS" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Validate your SIS</span></a></li></ul></div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Classroom API</span> </div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Courses</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/classroom/guides/manage-courses" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /classroom/guides/manage-courses" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/classroom/guides/manage-courses" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Create & manage courses</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/classroom/guides/manage-aliases" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /classroom/guides/manage-aliases" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/classroom/guides/manage-aliases" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Create & manage aliases</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/classroom/guides/manage-invitations" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /classroom/guides/manage-invitations" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/classroom/guides/manage-invitations" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Create & manage course invitations</span></a></li></ul></div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Coursework</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/classroom/guides/manage-coursework" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /classroom/guides/manage-coursework" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/classroom/guides/manage-coursework" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Create & manage coursework</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/classroom/guides/manage-topics" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /classroom/guides/manage-topics" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/classroom/guides/manage-topics" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Create & manage topics</span></a></li></ul></div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Grades</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/classroom/guides/classroom-api/manage-grades" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /classroom/guides/classroom-api/manage-grades" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/classroom/guides/classroom-api/manage-grades" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Set & update grades</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/classroom/grading-periods/manage-grading-periods" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /classroom/grading-periods/manage-grading-periods" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/classroom/grading-periods/manage-grading-periods" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Grading Periods</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Rubrics</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/classroom/rubrics/getting-started" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /classroom/rubrics/getting-started" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/classroom/rubrics/getting-started" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Introduction</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/classroom/rubrics/limitations" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /classroom/rubrics/limitations" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/classroom/rubrics/limitations" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Limitations</span></a></li></ul></div></li></ul></div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Rosters & guardians</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/classroom/guides/manage-users" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /classroom/guides/manage-users" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/classroom/guides/manage-users" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Create & manage teachers & students</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/classroom/guides/manage-guardians" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /classroom/guides/manage-guardians" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/classroom/guides/manage-guardians" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Create & manage guardians</span></a></li></ul></div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>State changes</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/classroom/best-practices/push-notifications" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /classroom/best-practices/push-notifications" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/classroom/best-practices/push-notifications" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Push notifications</span></a></li></ul></div></li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-nav-list" menu="All products" aria-label="Side menu" hidden> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"> <span class="devsite-nav-title" tooltip > <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Google Workspace apps </span> </span> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/admin-sdk" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Admin console" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Admin console </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/cloud-search" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Cloud Search" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Cloud Search </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/gmail" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Gmail" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Gmail </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/calendar" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Google Calendar" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Google Calendar </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/workspace/chat" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Google Chat" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Google Chat </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/classroom" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Google Classroom" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Google Classroom </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/docs" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Google Docs" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Google Docs </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/drive" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Google Drive" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Google Drive </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"> <span class="devsite-nav-title" tooltip > <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > </span> </span> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/forms" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Google Forms" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Google Forms </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/keep" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Google Keep" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Google Keep </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/meet" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Google Meet" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Google Meet </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/sheets" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Google Sheets" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Google Sheets </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/workspace/sites" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Google Sites" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Google Sites </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/slides" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Google Slides" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Google Slides </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/tasks" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Google Tasks" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Google Tasks </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/vault" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Google Vault" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Google Vault </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"> <span class="devsite-nav-title" tooltip > <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Extend, automate & share </span> </span> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/workspace/add-ons" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Add-ons" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Add-ons </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/apps-script" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Apps Script" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Apps Script </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/workspace/chat/overview" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Chat apps" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Chat apps </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/drive/api/guides/about-apps" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Drive apps" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Drive apps </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/workspace/marketplace" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Marketplace" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Marketplace </span> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-nav-list" menu="Resources" aria-label="Side menu" hidden> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"> <span class="devsite-nav-title" tooltip > <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Tools </span> </span> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://admin.google.com/" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Admin console" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Admin console </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://script.google.com/" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Apps Script dashboard" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Apps Script dashboard </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://console.cloud.google.com/workspace-api" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Google Cloud console" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Google Cloud console </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/workspace/explore" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: APIs Explorer" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > APIs Explorer </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://addons.gsuite.google.com/uikit/builder" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Card Builder" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Card Builder </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"> <span class="devsite-nav-title" tooltip > <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Training & support </span> </span> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/workspace/guides/get-started" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: How to get started" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > How to get started </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://codelabs.developers.google.com/?product=googleworkspace" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Codelabs" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Codelabs </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/workspace/support" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Developer support" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Developer support </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"> <span class="devsite-nav-title" tooltip > <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Updates </span> </span> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developers.googleblog.com/search/?query=Google+Workspace" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Blog" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Blog </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/workspace/preview" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Developer Previews" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Developer Previews </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/workspace/newsletters" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Newsletter" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Newsletter </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://twitter.com/workspacedevs" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: X (Twitter)" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > X (Twitter) </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCUcg6az6etU_gRtZVAhBXaw" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: YouTube" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > YouTube </span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </devsite-book-nav> <section id="gc-wrapper"> <main role="main" class="devsite-main-content" has-book-nav > <devsite-content> <article class="devsite-article"> <div class="devsite-banner devsite-banner-announcement nocontent" > <div class="devsite-banner-message"> <div class="devsite-banner-message-text"> Google Classroom add-ons are now generally available to developers! Please see the <a href="https://developers.google.com/classroom/add-ons">add-ons documentation</a> for more information. </div> </div> </div> <div class="devsite-article-meta nocontent" role="navigation"> <ul class="devsite-breadcrumb-list" aria-label="Breadcrumb"> <li class="devsite-breadcrumb-item "> <a href="https://developers.google.com/" class="devsite-breadcrumb-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Breadcrumbs" data-value="1" track-type="globalNav" track-name="breadcrumb" track-metadata-position="1" track-metadata-eventdetail="" > Home </a> </li> <li class="devsite-breadcrumb-item "> <div class="devsite-breadcrumb-guillemet material-icons" aria-hidden="true"></div> <a href="https://developers.google.com/workspace" class="devsite-breadcrumb-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Breadcrumbs" data-value="2" track-type="globalNav" track-name="breadcrumb" track-metadata-position="2" track-metadata-eventdetail="Google Workspace" > Google Workspace </a> </li> <li class="devsite-breadcrumb-item "> <div class="devsite-breadcrumb-guillemet material-icons" aria-hidden="true"></div> <a href="https://developers.google.com/classroom" class="devsite-breadcrumb-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Breadcrumbs" data-value="3" track-type="globalNav" track-name="breadcrumb" track-metadata-position="3" track-metadata-eventdetail="Google Classroom" > Google Classroom </a> </li> <li class="devsite-breadcrumb-item "> <div class="devsite-breadcrumb-guillemet material-icons" aria-hidden="true"></div> <a href="https://developers.google.com/classroom/guides/get-started" class="devsite-breadcrumb-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Breadcrumbs" data-value="4" track-type="globalNav" track-name="breadcrumb" track-metadata-position="4" track-metadata-eventdetail="" > Guides </a> </li> </ul> <devsite-thumb-rating position="header"> </devsite-thumb-rating> </div> <devsite-feedback position="header" project-name="Google Classroom" product-id="717201" bucket="classroom" context="" version="t-devsite-webserver-20241114-r00-rc02.464922260396498922" data-label="Send Feedback Button" track-type="feedback" track-name="sendFeedbackLink" track-metadata-position="header" class="nocontent" project-feedback-url="https://issuetracker.google.com/issues/new?component=191645&template=823908" project-icon="https://www.gstatic.com/images/icons/material/product/1x/classroom_64dp.png" project-support-url="https://developers.google.com/classroom/support" > <button> Send feedback </button> </devsite-feedback> <h1 class="devsite-page-title" tabindex="-1"> Google Apps Script quickstart </h1> <devsite-feature-tooltip ack-key="AckCollectionsBookmarkTooltipDismiss" analytics-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" analytics-action-show="Callout Profile displayed" analytics-action-close="Callout Profile dismissed" analytics-label="Create Collection Callout" class="devsite-page-bookmark-tooltip nocontent" dismiss-button="true" id="devsite-collections-dropdown" dismiss-button-text="Dismiss" close-button-text="Got it"> <devsite-bookmark></devsite-bookmark> <span slot="popout-heading"> Stay organized with collections </span> <span slot="popout-contents"> Save and categorize content based on your preferences. </span> </devsite-feature-tooltip> <div class="devsite-page-title-meta"><devsite-view-release-notes></devsite-view-release-notes></div> <devsite-toc class="devsite-nav" depth="2" devsite-toc-embedded > </devsite-toc> <div class="devsite-article-body clearfix "> <p>Quickstarts explain how to set up and run an app that calls a Google Workspace API.</p> <p>Google Workspace quickstarts use the API client libraries to handle some details of the authentication and authorization flow. We recommend that you use the client libraries for your own apps. This quickstart uses a simplified authentication approach that is appropriate for a testing environment. For a production environment, we recommend learning about <a href="/workspace/guides/auth-overview">authentication and authorization</a> before <a href="/workspace/guides/create-credentials#choose_the_access_credential_that_is_right_for_you">choosing the access credentials</a> that are appropriate for your app.</p> <p>Create a <a href="/apps-script/overview">Google Apps Script</a> that makes requests to the Google Classroom API.</p> <h2 id="objectives" data-text="Objectives" tabindex="-1">Objectives</h2> <ul> <li>Configure the environment.</li> <li>Create and configure the script.</li> <li>Run the script.</li> </ul> <h2 id="prerequisites" data-text="Prerequisites" tabindex="-1">Prerequisites</h2> <p><ul><li>A Google for Education account with Google Classroom enabled.</li></ul></p> <ul> <li>Access to Google Drive</li> </ul> <h2 id="create_the_script" data-text="Create the script" tabindex="-1">Create the script</h2> <ol> <li>Create a new script by going to <a href="https://script.google.com/create">script.google.com/create</a>.</li> <li>Replace the contents of the script editor with the following code:</li> </ol> <p> <style> .filepath { color: #fff; margin: 6px; max-width: calc(100% - 160px); /* Give at least 160px for the "View on GitHub" button. */ text-overflow: ellipsis; text-shadow: rgba(0,0,0,0.1) 1px 1px; overflow: hidden; } .github-docwidget-gitinclude-code .prettyprint { margin: 0; } .view-on-github { text-shadow: rgba(12,12,12,0.1) 1px 1px; } </style> <div class="github-docwidget-include" style="border-bottom: 0; border-radius: 3px 3px 0 0; padding: 4px; background-color: #5d3fb5;"> <div class="filepath" style="text-align: left; float: left;">classroom/quickstart/quickstart.gs</div> <div style="text-align: right; float: right;"> <a class="view-on-github button" target="_blank" href="https://github.com/googleworkspace/apps-script-samples/blob/main/classroom/quickstart/quickstart.gs" style="color: #5d3fb5;" track-type="github" track-name="gitHubViewButton" track-metadata-link-destination="https://github.com/googleworkspace/apps-script-samples/blob/main/classroom/quickstart/quickstart.gs">View on GitHub</a> </div> <div style="clear: both;"></div> </div><div class="github-docwidget-gitinclude-code"> <div></div><devsite-code><pre class=" devsite-click-to-copy" track-metadata-position="googleworkspace/apps-script-samples/classroom/quickstart/quickstart.gs/main/classroom_quickstart" data-code-snippet="true" data-github-path="googleworkspace/apps-script-samples/classroom/quickstart/quickstart.gs" data-git-revision="main" data-region-tag="classroom_quickstart" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Gosu"><span class="devsite-syntax-cm">/**</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-cm"> * Lists 10 course names and ids.</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-cm"> */</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-kd">function</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-nf">listCourses</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">()</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">{</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-cm">/** here pass pageSize Query parameter as argument to get maximum number of result</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-cm"> * @see https://developers.google.com/classroom/reference/rest/v1/courses/list</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-cm"> */</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">const</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">optionalArgs</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">=</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">{</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">pageSize</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">:</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-mi">10</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-c1">// Use other parameter here if needed</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">};</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-k">try</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">{</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-c1">// call courses.list() method to list the courses in classroom</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">const</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">response</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">=</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">Classroom</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">.</span><span class="devsite-syntax-na">Courses</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">.</span><span class="devsite-syntax-na">list</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">(</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">optionalArgs</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">);</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">const</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">courses</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">=</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">response</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">.</span><span class="devsite-syntax-na">courses</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">;</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-k">if</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">(!</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">courses</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">||</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">courses</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">.</span><span class="devsite-syntax-na">length</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">===</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-mi">0</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">)</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">{</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">console</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">.</span><span class="devsite-syntax-na">log</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">(</span><span class="devsite-syntax-err">'</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">No</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">courses</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">found</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">.</span><span class="devsite-syntax-err">'</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">);</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-k">return</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">;</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">}</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-c1">// Print the course names and IDs of the courses</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-k">for</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">(</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">const</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">course</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">of</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">courses</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">)</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">{</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">console</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">.</span><span class="devsite-syntax-na">log</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">(</span><span class="devsite-syntax-err">'</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">%</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">s</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">(%</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">s</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">)</span><span class="devsite-syntax-err">'</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">,</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">course</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">.</span><span class="devsite-syntax-na">name</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">,</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">course</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">.</span><span class="devsite-syntax-na">id</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">);</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">}</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">}</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-k">catch</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">(</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">err</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">)</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">{</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-c1">// TODO (developer)- Handle Courses.list() exception from Classroom API</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-c1">// get errors like PERMISSION_DENIED/INVALID_ARGUMENT/NOT_FOUND</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">console</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">.</span><span class="devsite-syntax-na">log</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">(</span><span class="devsite-syntax-err">'</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">Failed</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">with</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">error</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">%</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">s</span><span class="devsite-syntax-err">'</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">,</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">err</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">.</span><span class="devsite-syntax-na">message</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">);</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">}</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-o">}</span></pre></devsite-code> </div> </p> <p><ol start="3"><li>Click Save <img src="https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/i/short-term/release/googlesymbols/save/default/24px.svg" class="inline-icon">.</li> <li>Click <b>Untitled project</b>, type <b>Quickstart</b>, and click <b>Rename</b>.</li></ol></p> <h2 id="configure_the_script" data-text="Configure the script" tabindex="-1">Configure the script</h2> <h3 id="enable-api" data-text="Enable the Google Classroom API" tabindex="-1">Enable the Google Classroom API</h3> <ol> <li>Open the Apps Script project.</li> </ol> <ol> <li>Click <strong>Editor</strong> <span class="material-icons" aria-hidden="true" translate="no">code</span>.</li> <li>Next to <strong>Services</strong>, click Add a service <span class="material-icons" aria-hidden="true" translate="no">add</span> .</li> <li>Select Google Classroom API and click <strong>Add</strong>.</li> </ol> <h2 id="run_the_sample" data-text="Run the sample" tabindex="-1">Run the sample</h2> <p>In the Apps Script editor, click <strong>Run</strong>.</p> <p>The first time you run the sample, it prompts you to authorize access:</p> <ol> <li>Click <strong>Review permissions</strong>.</li> <li>Choose an account.</li> <li>Click <strong>Allow</strong>.</li> </ol> <p>The script's execution log appears at the bottom of the window.</p> <style> #feedback-question { margin: 1em 0; position: relative; } #feedback-question section.expandable { position: static; } </style> <div id="feedback-question"> <section class="expandable"> <button class="button button-blue button-with-icon expand-control gc-analytics-event" data-category="Quickstart" data-action="Feedback" data-label="Google Classroom API, Apps Script" data-value="1"> <span class="material-icons" aria-hidden="true" translate="no">done</span> It worked! </button> <aside id="feedback-success" class="success"> <strong>Great!</strong> Check out the further reading section below to learn more. </aside> </section> <section class="expandable"> <button class="button button-with-icon expand-control gc-analytics-event" data-category="Quickstart" data-action="Feedback" data-label="Google Classroom API, Apps Script" data-value="0" style="position: absolute; top: 0; left: 150px;"> <span class="material-icons" aria-hidden="true" translate="no">warning</span> There was a problem </button> <aside id="quickstart-feedback-failure" class="warning"> <strong>Bummer</strong>, <a href="#" class="google-feedback" data-p="717201" data-b="Quickstart"> let us know what went wrong</a>. Check out our <a href="#troubleshooting"> troubleshooting</a> section below for some common errors and solutions. 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