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href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=zh.wikipedia.org&uselang=zh"><span>资助维基百科</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=%E5%9C%92%E6%9E%97" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录，但这不是强制性的"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>创建账号</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E5%9C%92%E6%9E%97" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>登录</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-詞源" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#詞源"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>詞源</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-詞源-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-历史" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#历史"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>历史</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-历史-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关历史子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-历史-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-公共化" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#公共化"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>公共化</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-公共化-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-园林设计" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#园林设计"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>园林设计</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-园林设计-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关园林设计子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-园林设计-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-要素" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#要素"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>要素</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-要素-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-灌溉" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#灌溉"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>灌溉</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-灌溉-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-环境破坏" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#环境破坏"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>环境破坏</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-环境破坏-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-相關條目" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#相關條目"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>相關條目</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-相關條目-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-參考來源" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參考來源"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>參考來源</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-參考來源-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关參考來源子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-參考來源-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-引用" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#引用"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>引用</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-引用-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-書目" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#書目"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>書目</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-書目-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-延伸阅读" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#延伸阅读"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>延伸阅读</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-延伸阅读-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外部連接" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外部連接"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>外部連接</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外部連接-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">園林</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。130种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-130" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">130种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuin" title="Tuin – 南非荷兰语" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Tuin" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="南非荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chard%C3%ADn" title="Chardín – 阿拉贡语" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Chardín" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="阿拉贡语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%82%D8%A9_%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B2%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="حديقة منزلية – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="حديقة منزلية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%93%DC%A2%DC%AC%DC%90" title="ܓܢܬܐ – 阿拉米语" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܓܢܬܐ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="阿拉米语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xard%C3%ADn" title="Xardín – 阿斯图里亚斯语" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Xardín" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="阿斯图里亚斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%85" title="Ах – 阿瓦尔语" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Ах" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="阿瓦尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%BA" title="باغ – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="باغ" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D2%A1%D1%81%D0%B0" title="Баҡса – 巴什基尔语" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Баҡса" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="巴什基尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suodnos" title="Suodnos – 薩莫吉希亞文" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Suodnos" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="薩莫吉希亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Сад – 白俄罗斯语" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Сад" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="白俄罗斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Сад – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Сад" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Градина – 保加利亚语" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Градина" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="বাগান – 孟加拉语" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="বাগান" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jardin" title="Jardin – 布列塔尼语" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Jardin" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="布列塔尼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ba%C5%A1ta" title="Bašta – 波斯尼亚语" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Bašta" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="波斯尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jard%C3%AD" title="Jardí – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Jardí" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%88" title="Беш – 车臣语" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Беш" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="车臣语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8E%A0%E1%8F%AB%E1%8F%92%E1%8F%85" title="ᎠᏫᏒᏅ – 切罗基语" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᎠᏫᏒᏅ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="切罗基语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zahrada" title="Zahrada – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Zahrada" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%92gr%C3%B3d" title="Ògród – 卡舒比语" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Ògród" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="卡舒比语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Сад – 楚瓦什语" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Сад" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="楚瓦什语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gardd" title="Gardd – 威尔士语" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Gardd" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="威尔士语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Have" title="Have – 丹麦语" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Have" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麦语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garten" title="Garten – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Garten" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%AAga" title="Hêga – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Hêga" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%AE%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%82" title="Κήπος – 希腊语" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Κήπος" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希腊语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garden" title="Garden – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Garden" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%9Cardeno" title="Ĝardeno – 世界语" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Ĝardeno" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jard%C3%ADn" title="Jardín – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Jardín" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aed" title="Aed – 爱沙尼亚语" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Aed" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="爱沙尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lorategi" title="Lorategi – 巴斯克语" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Lorategi" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%BA" title="باغ – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="باغ" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puutarha" title="Puutarha – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Puutarha" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jardin" title="Jardin – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Jardin" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guard" title="Guard – 北弗里西亚语" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Guard" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="北弗里西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zardin" title="Zardin – 弗留利语" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Zardin" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="弗留利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%BAn" title="Tún – 西弗里西亚语" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Tún" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="西弗里西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaird%C3%ADn" title="Gairdín – 爱尔兰语" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Gairdín" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="爱尔兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xard%C3%ADn" title="Xardín – 加利西亚语" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Xardín" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="加利西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yvotyrok%C3%A1i" title="Yvotyrokái – 瓜拉尼语" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Yvotyrokái" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="瓜拉尼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lambu" title="Lambu – 豪萨语" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Lambu" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="豪萨语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%D7%9F_(%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%99)" title="גן (נוי) – 希伯来语" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="גן (נוי)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE" title="वाटिका – 印地语" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="वाटिका" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="印地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vrt" title="Vrt – 克罗地亚语" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Vrt" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaden" title="Jaden – 海地克里奥尔语" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Jaden" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="海地克里奥尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kert" title="Kert – 匈牙利语" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Kert" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%B5%D5%A3%D5%AB" title="Այգի – 亚美尼亚语" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Այգի" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="亚美尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jardin" title="Jardin – 国际语" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Jardin" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="国际语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taman" title="Taman – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Taman" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jardin" title="Jardin – 国际文字（E）" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Jardin" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="国际文字（E）" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ogige" title="Ogige – 伊博语" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Ogige" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="伊博语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gardeno" title="Gardeno – 伊多语" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Gardeno" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="伊多语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gar%C3%B0ur" title="Garður – 冰岛语" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Garður" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="冰岛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giardino" title="Giardino – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Giardino" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BA%AD%E5%9C%92" title="庭園 – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="庭園" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/purdi" title="purdi – 逻辑语" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="purdi" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="逻辑语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taman" title="Taman – 爪哇语" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Taman" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="爪哇语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%91%E1%83%90%E1%83%A6%E1%83%98" title="ბაღი – 格鲁吉亚语" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ბაღი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="格鲁吉亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ti%CC%B1tam" title="Ti̱tam – 卡塔布语" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="Ti̱tam" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="卡塔布语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%83_(%D0%B6%D0%B5%D1%80)" title="Бау (жер) – 哈萨克语" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Бау (жер)" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="哈萨克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%A4%E0%B3%8B%E0%B2%9F" title="ತೋಟ – 卡纳达语" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ತೋಟ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="卡纳达语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A0%95%EC%9B%90" title="정원 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="정원" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%BA" title="باغ – 克什米尔语" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="باغ" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="克什米尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hortus" title="Hortus – 拉丁语" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Hortus" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="拉丁语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaart" title="Gaart – 卢森堡语" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Gaart" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="卢森堡语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jardin" title="Jardin – 新共同語言" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Jardin" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="新共同語言" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuin" title="Tuin – 林堡语" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Tuin" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="林堡语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zard%C9%9B" title="Zardɛ – 林加拉语" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Zardɛ" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="林加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodas" title="Sodas – 立陶宛语" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Sodas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="立陶宛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C4%81rzs" title="Dārzs – 拉脱维亚语" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Dārzs" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="拉脱维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zaridaina" title="Zaridaina – 马拉加斯语" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Zaridaina" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="马拉加斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%82" title="പൂന്തോട്ടം – 马拉雅拉姆语" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="പൂന്തോട്ടം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="马拉雅拉姆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D1%8D%D1%86%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%BB%D1%8D%D0%B3" title="Цэцэрлэг – 蒙古语" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Цэцэрлэг" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="蒙古语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A9%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A3%EA%AF%9C" title="ꯂꯩꯀꯣꯜ – 曼尼普尔语" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯂꯩꯀꯣꯜ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="曼尼普尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Сад – 西馬里文" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Сад" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="西馬里文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kebun" title="Kebun – 马来语" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kebun" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="马来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A5%E1%80%9A%E1%80%BB%E1%80%AC%E1%80%89%E1%80%BA" title="ဥယျာဉ် – 缅甸语" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဥယျာဉ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="缅甸语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciardino" title="Ciardino – 那不勒斯语" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Ciardino" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="那不勒斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goorn" title="Goorn – 低地德语" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Goorn" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="低地德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tune" title="Tune – 低萨克森语" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Tune" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="低萨克森语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%81%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BE" title="बगैँचा – 尼泊尔语" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="बगैँचा" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="尼泊尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AC" title="केब – 尼瓦尔语" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="केब" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="尼瓦尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuin" title="Tuin – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Tuin" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hage" title="Hage – 挪威尼诺斯克语" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Hage" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="挪威尼诺斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hage" title="Hage – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Hage" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gard%C3%AEn" title="Gardîn – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Gardîn" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jardin" title="Jardin – 奥克语" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Jardin" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="奥克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%BC" title="ਬਾਗ਼ – 旁遮普语" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਬਾਗ਼" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="旁遮普语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gardin" title="Gardin – 庇卡底文" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Gardin" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="庇卡底文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ogr%C3%B3d" title="Ogród – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Ogród" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DA%BE%D9%84%D9%88%D8%A7%DA%91" title="پھلواڑ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="پھلواڑ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jardim" title="Jardim – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Jardim" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wayta_pata" title="Wayta pata – 克丘亚语" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Wayta pata" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="克丘亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gr%C4%83din%C4%83" title="Grădină – 罗马尼亚语" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Grădină" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gr%C3%A2din%C3%A2" title="Grâdinâ – 阿罗马尼亚语" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Grâdinâ" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="阿罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Сад – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Сад" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Загорода – 盧森尼亞文" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Загорода" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="盧森尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D1%8D%D1%87%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%8D%D2%A5" title="Чэчирэҥ – 萨哈语" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Чэчирэҥ" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="萨哈语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jardinu_(ciuri)" title="Jardinu (ciuri) – 西西里语" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Jardinu (ciuri)" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="西西里语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%BA" title="باغ – 信德语" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="باغ" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="信德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vrt" title="Vrt – 塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Vrt" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garden" title="Garden – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Garden" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z%C3%A1hrada" title="Záhrada – 斯洛伐克语" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Záhrada" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="斯洛伐克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vrt" title="Vrt – 斯洛文尼亚语" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Vrt" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="斯洛文尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bindu" title="Bindu – 绍纳语" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Bindu" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="绍纳语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kopshti" title="Kopshti – 阿尔巴尼亚语" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Kopshti" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="阿尔巴尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%80%D1%82" title="Врт – 塞尔维亚语" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Врт" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tr%C3%A4dg%C3%A5rd" title="Trädgård – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Trädgård" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bustani" title="Bustani – 斯瓦希里语" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Bustani" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="斯瓦希里语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="தோட்டம் – 泰米尔语" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="தோட்டம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="泰米尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%89%E0%B0%A6%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%82" title="ఉద్యానవనం – 泰卢固语" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ఉద్యానవనం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="泰卢固语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D2%93" title="Боғ – 塔吉克语" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Боғ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="塔吉克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%99" title="สวน – 泰语" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="สวน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hardin" title="Hardin – 他加禄语" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Hardin" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="他加禄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bah%C3%A7e" title="Bahçe – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Bahçe" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%87%D0%B0" title="Бакча – 鞑靼语" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Бакча" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="鞑靼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Сад – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Сад" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%BA" title="باغ – 乌尔都语" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="باغ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="乌尔都语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bog%CA%BB" title="Bogʻ – 乌兹别克语" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Bogʻ" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="乌兹别克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jardin" title="Jardin – 威尼斯语" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Jardin" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="威尼斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Dn" title="Vườn – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Vườn" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hof" title="Hof – 西佛蘭德文" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Hof" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="西佛蘭德文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corti" title="Corti – 瓦隆语" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Corti" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="瓦隆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hardin" title="Hardin – 瓦瑞语" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Hardin" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="瓦瑞语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9B%AD%E6%9E%97" title="园林 – 吴语" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="园林" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="吴语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Igadi" title="Igadi – 科萨语" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="Igadi" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="科萨语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%91%E1%83%90%E1%83%A6%E1%83%98" title="ბაღი – 明格列爾文" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ბაღი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="明格列爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%98%D7%9F" title="גארטן – 意第绪语" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="גארטן" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="意第绪语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hoe-hn%CC%82g" title="Hoe-hn̂g – 闽南语" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Hoe-hn̂g" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="闽南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8A%B1%E5%9C%92" title="花園 – 粤语" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="花園" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="粤语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1107656#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div 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id="p-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 打印/导出 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="electron-print_pdf" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=%E5%9C%92%E6%9E%97&action=show-download-screen"><span>下载为PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="javascript:print();" rel="alternate" title="本页面的可打印版本[p]" accesskey="p"><span>打印页面</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 在其他项目中 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Garden" hreflang="en"><span>维基共享资源</span></a></li><li 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data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">外观</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">维基百科，自由的百科全书</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="zh" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r85100532">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-size:small}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:2em;margin-bottom:0.8em;margin-top:0.8em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img::after{content:"\202f \202f \202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small::after{content:"\202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small{display:none}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"><span class="noviewer hatnote-notice-img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%B6%88%E6%AD%A7%E4%B9%89" title="Wikipedia:消歧义"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/25px-Disambig_gray.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/38px-Disambig_gray.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/50px-Disambig_gray.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="220" data-file-height="168" /></a></span>「<b>花園</b>」重定向至此。关于其他用法，请见「<b><a href="/wiki/%E8%8A%B1%E5%9C%92_(%E6%B6%88%E6%AD%A7%E7%BE%A9)" class="mw-disambig" title="花園 (消歧義)">花園 (消歧义)</a></b>」。</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sunshine_Garden.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Sunshine_Garden.jpg/220px-Sunshine_Garden.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Sunshine_Garden.jpg/330px-Sunshine_Garden.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Sunshine_Garden.jpg/440px-Sunshine_Garden.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>中国大陆四川乐山某高校，一个阳光照射下的花坛。</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Butchart_gardens.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Butchart_gardens.JPG/220px-Butchart_gardens.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Butchart_gardens.JPG/330px-Butchart_gardens.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Butchart_gardens.JPG/440px-Butchart_gardens.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption>加拿大<a href="/wiki/%E6%BA%AB%E5%93%A5%E8%8F%AF%E5%B3%B6" title="溫哥華島">溫哥華島</a>上的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%83%E6%9F%A5%E8%8A%B1%E5%9C%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="布查花園（页面不存在）">布查花園</a>。</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Courtyard,_NLB_Bldg.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/The_Courtyard%2C_NLB_Bldg.JPG/220px-The_Courtyard%2C_NLB_Bldg.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/The_Courtyard%2C_NLB_Bldg.JPG/330px-The_Courtyard%2C_NLB_Bldg.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/The_Courtyard%2C_NLB_Bldg.JPG/440px-The_Courtyard%2C_NLB_Bldg.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%8A%A0%E5%9D%A1%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%B6%E5%9C%96%E6%9B%B8%E9%A4%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="新加坡國家圖書館">新加坡國家圖書館</a>庭園。</figcaption></figure> <p><b>園林</b>也稱<b>庭園</b>，是一個經過安排的空間，通常位於室外。庭園為小院子或庭前綠化空地，園林規模則較大，多半經由專門設計。內部種植許多<a href="/wiki/%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9" title="植物">植物</a>，通常包括多種<a href="/wiki/%E8%8A%B1%E5%8D%89" class="mw-redirect" title="花卉">花卉</a>，並且擺設一些其他的人為<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%84%B6%E6%99%AF%E8%A7%80" title="自然景觀">自然景觀</a>。花園也衍生出一些陳列特定自然景觀的設施，例如<a href="/wiki/%E5%8B%95%E7%89%A9%E5%9C%92" title="動物園">動物園</a>。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%92%E8%97%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="園藝">園藝</a>是發展和維護花園的活動。這項工作可以由一個業餘或專業<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%92%E4%B8%81" title="園丁">園丁</a>來施作<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。園丁也可以在非花園裡工作，比如公園、路邊的路基、或其他公共空間，<a href="/wiki/%E6%99%AF%E8%A7%80%E5%BB%BA%E7%AF%89" class="mw-redirect" title="景觀建築">景觀建築</a>與<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%99%AF%E8%A7%80%E5%BB%BA%E7%AF%89%E5%B8%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="景觀建築師（页面不存在）">景觀建築師</a>趨於專門設計為公共和企業客戶相關的專業活動。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="詞源"><span id=".E8.A9.9E.E6.BA.90"></span>詞源</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9C%92%E6%9E%97&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：詞源"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>文選‧古詩十九首：「庭中有奇樹，綠葉發華滋。」。唐‧<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%99%BD%E7%9B%AE%E8%A8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="白目言（页面不存在）">白目言</a>‧渡湘江詩：「遲日園林悲昔遊，今春花鳥作邊愁。」</li> <li>日常用語裡常把「庭園」和「花園」混用，其實花園專指以展示<a href="/wiki/%E8%8A%B1%E5%8D%89" class="mw-redirect" title="花卉">花卉</a>為主的庭園。</li> <li>庭園一詞在許多歐洲語言中，起源於<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E8%AB%BE%E7%88%BE%E6%96%AF%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="古諾爾斯語">古諾爾斯語</a>的「garðr」，原意為「世界」。</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="历史"><span id=".E5.8E.86.E5.8F.B2"></span>历史</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9C%92%E6%9E%97&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：历史"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%BC%8F%E5%9C%92%E6%9E%97" class="mw-redirect" title="中式園林">中式园林</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%9B%AD%E6%9E%97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="西亚园林（页面不存在）">西亚园林</a>和<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%AC%A7%E5%BC%8F%E5%9B%AD%E6%9E%97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="欧式园林（页面不存在）">欧式园林</a></div> <p>各地在经历不同的发展时间后，并形成各自风格的园林体系。有分为三大体系：<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%BC%8F%E5%9C%92%E6%9E%97" class="mw-redirect" title="中式園林">中式园林</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%9B%AD%E6%9E%97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="西亚园林（页面不存在）">西亚园林</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%AC%A7%E5%BC%8F%E5%9B%AD%E6%9E%97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="欧式园林（页面不存在）">欧式园林</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。在普遍信仰<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%95%99" title="伊斯兰教">伊斯兰教</a>后的<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E4%B8%9C" title="中东">中东</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E4%BA%9A%E6%AC%A1%E5%A4%A7%E9%99%86" class="mw-redirect" title="南亚次大陆">南亚次大陆</a>地区，西亚园林进一步发展为<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E5%9C%92%E6%9E%97" title="伊斯蘭園林">伊斯蘭園林</a>体系。 </p><p>17世纪的封闭式<a href="/wiki/%E8%8A%B1%E5%9B%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="花园">花园</a>注重形式设计的欧式<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%AD%E8%89%BA" title="园艺">园艺</a>，这类源自<a href="/wiki/%E8%8D%B7%E5%85%B0" title="荷兰">荷兰</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%9B%BD" title="法国">法国</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%84%8F%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9" title="意大利">意大利</a>的作风，包含了<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E7%B1%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="人类">人类</a>掌控<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%84%B6" title="自然">自然</a>的渴望。 </p><p>18世纪的<a href="/wiki/%E9%A3%8E%E6%99%AF" title="风景">风景</a>式花园拥有蜿蜒起伏的开阔风景，有大量的人为重造斜坡、开辟水池、有计划地移植树群，还以小庙与<a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%AD%E5%9D%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="祭坛">祭坛</a>等<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%A4%E5%85%B8%E9%A3%8E%E6%A0%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="古典风格（页面不存在）">古典风格</a>建筑穿插装饰。 </p><p>19世纪的<a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%AD%E5%A4%9A%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E%E5%BC%8F%E5%BB%BA%E7%AF%89" title="維多利亞式建築">维多利亚式</a>庭院，如<a href="/wiki/%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9%E5%9B%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="植物园">植物园</a>般的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%A9%E5%AE%A4" class="mw-redirect" title="温室">温室</a>收罗异国植物，见证了英国<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A5%E4%B8%9A%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="工业革命">工业革命</a>的繁荣。 </p><p>20世纪初庭院风格趋于<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%A1%E6%9D%91" class="mw-redirect" title="乡村">乡村</a>化，<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD" title="英国">英国</a>式乡村庭院此时举世所知，当中以<a href="/wiki/%E8%82%AF%E7%89%B9%E9%83%A1" title="肯特郡">肯特郡</a>（Kent）的西辛赫斯特（Sissinghurst）和<a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E6%B4%9B%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E9%83%A1" title="格洛斯特郡">格洛斯特郡</a>（<a href="/wiki/Gloucestershire" class="mw-redirect" title="Gloucestershire">Gloucestershire</a>）的海德蔻特庄园大厦（Hidcote Manor）最为知名。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="公共化"><span id=".E5.85.AC.E5.85.B1.E5.8C.96"></span>公共化</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9C%92%E6%9E%97&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：公共化"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>园林的拥有和使用者，通常是<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB" title="君主">君主</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%B5%E6%97%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="贵族">贵族</a>、富裕阶级、政府机构及宗教团体，按拥有者可分为<a href="/wiki/%E7%9A%87%E5%AE%B6%E5%9C%92%E6%9E%97" title="皇家園林">皇家园林</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%98%E5%AE%B6%E5%9B%AD%E6%9E%97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="官家园林（页面不存在）">官家园林</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A7%81%E5%AE%B6%E5%9B%AD%E6%9E%97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="私家园林（页面不存在）">私家园林</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AF%BA%E8%A7%82%E5%9B%AD%E6%9E%97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="寺观园林（页面不存在）">寺观园林</a>等。<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2" title="中国历史">中国历史</a>上，最迟，从宋朝起，就有私家园林对公众开放的习俗，并沿袭至明清<sup id="cite_ref-wy1_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wy1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。<a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E6%AC%A1%E5%B7%A5%E4%B8%9A%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD" title="第一次工业革命">第一次工业革命</a>后，<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E8%B2%B4%E6%97%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="英國貴族">英国贵族</a>所拥有的私家园林对公众开放。在18世纪，引起欧洲各国的效仿，是为现代城市<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E5%9B%AD" title="公园">公园</a>的肇始<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。此后，政府兴建的公园在<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%8E%E5%B8%82%E8%A7%84%E5%88%92" title="城市规划">城市规划</a>占有重要地位。<a href="/wiki/%E6%99%9A%E6%B8%85" class="mw-redirect" title="晚清">晚清</a>时<sup id="cite_ref-wy1_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wy1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，中国社会开始效仿西方，出现分享共用的公园。<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="中华人民共和国">中华人民共和国</a>建立后，随着<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E5%9C%9F%E5%9C%B0%E5%88%B6%E5%BA%A6" title="中华人民共和国土地制度">土地国有化</a>，传统的私家园林亦转化为<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E6%9C%89" class="mw-redirect" title="國有">国有</a>。但仍有部分园林历经<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%A7%E6%9D%83" class="mw-redirect" title="产权">产权</a>变迁，依旧为私人所有<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="园林设计"><span id=".E5.9B.AD.E6.9E.97.E8.AE.BE.E8.AE.A1"></span>园林设计</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9C%92%E6%9E%97&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：园林设计"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%AD%E6%9E%97%E8%AE%BE%E8%AE%A1" title="园林设计">园林设计</a></div> <p>园林设计是对园林植物、建筑、地形进行布局和规划。园林可由园林业主或专业人员來设计。专业园林设计师学习设计和园艺的基本原则，并拥有使用植物的经验和知识。一些专业的园林设计师同时也是景观设计师。景观设计师通常需要更低级的学位以及正式的执照。 </p><p>园林设计的要素包括硬质景观的布局，如园路、山、墙、、休息区和装饰的位置，以及植物和它们的园艺特性，包括不同季节的外观、寿命、生长习性、小、生长速度和它们与其他的植物或景观的搭配。除此之外，园林设计还需要考虑园林的维护成本，的时间和资金，以选择生长速度、播种方式、生命周期、花卉开放时间适合的植物。园林按照设计风格可大致分为两种园林。<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>园林设计中最重要的考虑是园林的用途，其次是设计师想要展现的风格类型，以及园林连接周边的房屋或其他建筑的方式。所有这些因素都受到预算的限制。有许多方法可以降低预算，例如使用更少的植物和更廉价的硬质景观来打造较为简单的园林、使用成本更低的种子来代替草皮或种植生长快速的植物。另外，园林业主可以选择分区域逐渐建造园林。 </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83131740">@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery{width:100%!important}}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery{display:table}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-default{background:transparent;margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-center{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-left{float:left}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-right{float:right}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-none{float:none}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-collapsible{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .title,.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .main,.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .footer{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .title>div{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0 0.6em 1.6em;text-align:center;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .main>div{display:table-cell}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .gallery{line-height:1.35em}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .footer>div{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0 0.6em 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height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Monreale_Kreuzgang_neu.jpg/330px-Monreale_Kreuzgang_neu.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Monreale_Kreuzgang_neu.jpg/440px-Monreale_Kreuzgang_neu.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4752" data-file-height="3168" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">意大利<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E8%A5%BF%E9%87%8C%E5%B2%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="西西里岛">西西里岛</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%92%99%E9%9B%B7%E9%98%BF%E8%8E%B1%E4%B8%BB%E6%95%99%E5%BA%A7%E5%A0%82" title="蒙雷阿莱主教座堂">蒙雷阿莱主教座堂</a>中，一个连接礼拜场所的园林</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 255px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 250px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Butchart_gardens.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省维多利亚市布查德花园中的下沉花园（Sunken Garden）"><img alt="加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省维多利亚市布查德花园中的下沉花园（Sunken Garden）" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Butchart_gardens.JPG/220px-Butchart_gardens.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Butchart_gardens.JPG/330px-Butchart_gardens.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Butchart_gardens.JPG/440px-Butchart_gardens.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%A4%9A%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A_(%E4%B8%8D%E5%88%97%E9%A2%A0%E5%93%A5%E4%BC%A6%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A)" class="mw-redirect" title="维多利亚 (不列颠哥伦比亚)">维多利亚市</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E6%9F%A5%E5%BE%B7%E8%8A%B1%E5%9C%92" title="布查德花園">布查德花园</a>中的下沉花园（Sunken Garden）</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 255px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 250px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Park_of_Versailles_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="法国凡尔赛宫花园"><img alt="法国凡尔赛宫花园" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Park_of_Versailles_01.jpg/220px-Park_of_Versailles_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Park_of_Versailles_01.jpg/330px-Park_of_Versailles_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Park_of_Versailles_01.jpg/440px-Park_of_Versailles_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1467" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">法国<a href="/wiki/%E5%87%A1%E5%B0%94%E8%B5%9B%E5%AE%AB%E8%8A%B1%E5%9B%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="凡尔赛宫花园">凡尔赛宫花园</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 255px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 250px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Palace_Gardens.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="印度焦特布尔乌麦·巴哈旺皇宫（英语：Umaid Bhawan Palace）的后院"><img alt="印度焦特布尔乌麦·巴哈旺皇宫（英语：Umaid Bhawan Palace）的后院" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Palace_Gardens.jpg/220px-Palace_Gardens.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="109" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Palace_Gardens.jpg/330px-Palace_Gardens.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Palace_Gardens.jpg/440px-Palace_Gardens.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1006" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">印度<a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A6%E7%89%B9%E5%B8%83%E5%B0%94" title="焦特布尔">焦特布尔</a><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="乌麦·巴哈旺皇宫" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Umaid Bhawan Palace"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B9%8C%E9%BA%A6%C2%B7%E5%B7%B4%E5%93%88%E6%97%BA%E7%9A%87%E5%AE%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="乌麦·巴哈旺皇宫（页面不存在）">乌麦·巴哈旺皇宫</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umaid_Bhawan_Palace" class="extiw" title="en:Umaid Bhawan Palace"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Umaid Bhawan Palace</span></a></span>）</span></span>的后院</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 255px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 250px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NUS_Garden.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="新加坡国立大学理学院中的热带园林"><img alt="新加坡国立大学理学院中的热带园林" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/NUS_Garden.JPG/220px-NUS_Garden.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/NUS_Garden.JPG/330px-NUS_Garden.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/NUS_Garden.JPG/440px-NUS_Garden.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%8A%A0%E5%9D%A1%E5%9B%BD%E7%AB%8B%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6" title="新加坡国立大学">新加坡国立大学</a>理学院中的热带园林</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 255px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 250px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Qui_Vadis.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="意大利利尼亚诺萨比亚多罗一个带有日期图案的花坛"><img alt="意大利利尼亚诺萨比亚多罗一个带有日期图案的花坛" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Qui_Vadis.JPG/220px-Qui_Vadis.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Qui_Vadis.JPG/330px-Qui_Vadis.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Qui_Vadis.JPG/440px-Qui_Vadis.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">意大利<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%A9%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A%E8%AF%BA%E8%90%A8%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A%E5%A4%9A%E7%BD%97" title="利尼亚诺萨比亚多罗">利尼亚诺萨比亚多罗</a>一个带有日期图案的花坛</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 255px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 250px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Colonial_Williamsburg_(2464331014).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="美国弗吉尼亚州殖民地威廉斯堡历史保护区中的园林，园林中种植着许多原种植物"><img alt="美国弗吉尼亚州殖民地威廉斯堡历史保护区中的园林，园林中种植着许多原种植物" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Colonial_Williamsburg_%282464331014%29.jpg/220px-Colonial_Williamsburg_%282464331014%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Colonial_Williamsburg_%282464331014%29.jpg/330px-Colonial_Williamsburg_%282464331014%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Colonial_Williamsburg_%282464331014%29.jpg/440px-Colonial_Williamsburg_%282464331014%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3872" data-file-height="2592" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">美国弗吉尼亚州<a href="/wiki/%E6%AE%96%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%B0%E5%A8%81%E5%BB%89%E6%96%AF%E5%A0%A1" title="殖民地威廉斯堡">殖民地威廉斯堡</a>历史保护区中的园林，园林中种植着许多原种植物</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 255px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 250px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Shitennoj_honbo_garden06s3200.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="日本大阪府大阪市四天王寺中的本坊庭院（日语：四天王寺本坊庭園），是一座枯山水园林"><img alt="日本大阪府大阪市四天王寺中的本坊庭院（日语：四天王寺本坊庭園），是一座枯山水园林" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Shitennoj_honbo_garden06s3200.jpg/220px-Shitennoj_honbo_garden06s3200.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Shitennoj_honbo_garden06s3200.jpg/330px-Shitennoj_honbo_garden06s3200.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Shitennoj_honbo_garden06s3200.jpg/440px-Shitennoj_honbo_garden06s3200.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3200" data-file-height="2142" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">日本大阪府<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%98%AA%E5%B8%82" title="大阪市">大阪市</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E5%A4%A9%E7%8E%8B%E5%AF%BA" title="四天王寺">四天王寺</a>中的<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="本坊庭院" data-lang-code="ja" data-lang-name="日语" data-foreign-title="四天王寺本坊庭園"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%AC%E5%9D%8A%E5%BA%AD%E9%99%A2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="本坊庭院（页面不存在）">本坊庭院</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">日语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E5%A4%A9%E7%8E%8B%E5%AF%BA%E6%9C%AC%E5%9D%8A%E5%BA%AD%E5%9C%92" class="extiw" title="ja:四天王寺本坊庭園"><span lang="ja" dir="auto">四天王寺本坊庭園</span></a></span>）</span></span>，是一座<a href="/wiki/%E6%9E%AF%E5%B1%B1%E6%B0%B4" title="枯山水">枯山水</a>园林</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 255px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 250px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Xuyuan04.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="中国南京的煦园是一座典型的中国江南园林，亦是晚清重建的衙署园林，同时可追溯至明代的王府花园。"><img alt="中国南京的煦园是一座典型的中国江南园林，亦是晚清重建的衙署园林，同时可追溯至明代的王府花园。" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Xuyuan04.jpg/220px-Xuyuan04.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Xuyuan04.jpg/330px-Xuyuan04.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Xuyuan04.jpg/440px-Xuyuan04.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">中国南京的<a href="/wiki/%E7%85%A6%E5%9B%AD" title="煦园">煦园</a>是一座典型的中国<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B1%9F%E5%8D%97%E5%9B%AD%E6%9E%97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="江南园林（页面不存在）">江南园林</a>，亦是晚清重建的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A1%99%E7%BD%B2%E5%9B%AD%E6%9E%97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="衙署园林（页面不存在）">衙署园林</a>，同时可追溯至明代的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8E%8B%E5%BA%9C%E8%8A%B1%E5%9B%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="王府花园（页面不存在）">王府花园</a>。</div> </li> </ul></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="要素"><span id=".E8.A6.81.E7.B4.A0"></span>要素</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9C%92%E6%9E%97&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：要素"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r70089473/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/P1040570-%E6%9D%BF%E6%A9%8B%E6%9E%97%E5%AE%B6%E8%8A%B1%E5%9C%92%E9%A3%BC%E9%A4%8A%E5%AD%94%E9%9B%80%E7%9A%84%E7%B1%A0%E5%AD%90.jpg/71px-P1040570-%E6%9D%BF%E6%A9%8B%E6%9E%97%E5%AE%B6%E8%8A%B1%E5%9C%92%E9%A3%BC%E9%A4%8A%E5%AD%94%E9%9B%80%E7%9A%84%E7%B1%A0%E5%AD%90.jpg" decoding="async" width="71" height="95" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/P1040570-%E6%9D%BF%E6%A9%8B%E6%9E%97%E5%AE%B6%E8%8A%B1%E5%9C%92%E9%A3%BC%E9%A4%8A%E5%AD%94%E9%9B%80%E7%9A%84%E7%B1%A0%E5%AD%90.jpg/107px-P1040570-%E6%9D%BF%E6%A9%8B%E6%9E%97%E5%AE%B6%E8%8A%B1%E5%9C%92%E9%A3%BC%E9%A4%8A%E5%AD%94%E9%9B%80%E7%9A%84%E7%B1%A0%E5%AD%90.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/P1040570-%E6%9D%BF%E6%A9%8B%E6%9E%97%E5%AE%B6%E8%8A%B1%E5%9C%92%E9%A3%BC%E9%A4%8A%E5%AD%94%E9%9B%80%E7%9A%84%E7%B1%A0%E5%AD%90.jpg/142px-P1040570-%E6%9D%BF%E6%A9%8B%E6%9E%97%E5%AE%B6%E8%8A%B1%E5%9C%92%E9%A3%BC%E9%A4%8A%E5%AD%94%E9%9B%80%E7%9A%84%E7%B1%A0%E5%AD%90.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3240" data-file-height="4320" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:145px;max-width:145px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:95px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%E7%B4%AB%E8%97%A4%E5%BB%AC%E8%8A%B1%E5%9C%92%E5%85%A7%E7%9A%84%E9%AD%9A%E6%B1%A0.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/%E7%B4%AB%E8%97%A4%E5%BB%AC%E8%8A%B1%E5%9C%92%E5%85%A7%E7%9A%84%E9%AD%9A%E6%B1%A0.jpg/143px-%E7%B4%AB%E8%97%A4%E5%BB%AC%E8%8A%B1%E5%9C%92%E5%85%A7%E7%9A%84%E9%AD%9A%E6%B1%A0.jpg" decoding="async" width="143" height="95" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/%E7%B4%AB%E8%97%A4%E5%BB%AC%E8%8A%B1%E5%9C%92%E5%85%A7%E7%9A%84%E9%AD%9A%E6%B1%A0.jpg/215px-%E7%B4%AB%E8%97%A4%E5%BB%AC%E8%8A%B1%E5%9C%92%E5%85%A7%E7%9A%84%E9%AD%9A%E6%B1%A0.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/%E7%B4%AB%E8%97%A4%E5%BB%AC%E8%8A%B1%E5%9C%92%E5%85%A7%E7%9A%84%E9%AD%9A%E6%B1%A0.jpg/286px-%E7%B4%AB%E8%97%A4%E5%BB%AC%E8%8A%B1%E5%9C%92%E5%85%A7%E7%9A%84%E9%AD%9A%E6%B1%A0.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1620" data-file-height="1080" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flex"><div class="thumbcaption">園林中<a href="/wiki/%E9%B3%A5%E7%B1%A0" title="鳥籠">鳥籠</a>與<a href="/wiki/%E9%AD%9A%E6%B1%A0" class="mw-disambig" title="魚池">魚池</a>的建置滿足<a href="/wiki/%E8%B2%B4%E6%97%8F" title="貴族">公侯貴戚</a>平時喜好賞玩<a href="/wiki/%E9%B3%A5%E9%A1%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="鳥類">鳥類</a>與<a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%80%E8%B3%9E%E9%AD%9A" title="觀賞魚">觀賞魚</a>的雅致。</div></div></div></div> <p>大多数园林是自然要素与结构要素的结合。实际上，就算是非常“自然的”园林也是人的有意识改造。自然要素主要展现为园林中的植物群落（例如树和草）、动物群落（例如<a href="/wiki/%E8%8A%82%E8%82%A2%E5%8A%A8%E7%89%A9" title="节肢动物">节肢动物</a>和鸟）、土壤、水、空气和光。结构要素包括园路、雕塑、<a href="/wiki/%E6%8E%92%E6%B0%B4" title="排水">排水</a>系统、灯、亭、台、楼（例如木屋、绿廊）以及生物结构（例如花坛、池塘、草地）。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="灌溉"><span id=".E7.81.8C.E6.BA.89"></span>灌溉</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9C%92%E6%9E%97&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：灌溉"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>部分园林设计师没有剥夺园林赖以生存的湿地，园林不依赖外界的水源。例如在英国怀特岛郡的<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="文特诺植物园" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Ventnor Botanic Garden"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%96%87%E7%89%B9%E8%AF%BA%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9%E5%9B%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="文特诺植物园（页面不存在）">文特诺植物园</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ventnor_Botanic_Garden" class="extiw" title="en:Ventnor Botanic Garden"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Ventnor Botanic Garden</span></a></span>）</span></span>、埃塞克斯郡部分<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="贝斯·查特" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Beth Chatto"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B4%9D%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E6%9F%A5%E7%89%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="贝斯·查特（页面不存在）">贝斯·查特</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beth_Chatto" class="extiw" title="en:Beth Chatto"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Beth Chatto</span></a></span>）</span></span>的花园、多塞特郡的Sticky Wicket花园、<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="皇家园艺学会Harlow Carr花园" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="RHS Garden Harlow Carr"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9A%87%E5%AE%B6%E5%9B%AD%E8%89%BA%E5%AD%A6%E4%BC%9AHarlow_Carr%E8%8A%B1%E5%9B%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="皇家园艺学会Harlow Carr花园（页面不存在）">皇家园艺学会Harlow Carr花园</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RHS_Garden_Harlow_Carr" class="extiw" title="en:RHS Garden Harlow Carr"><span lang="en" dir="auto">RHS Garden Harlow Carr</span></a></span>）</span></span>和<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="皇家园艺学会Hyde Hall花园" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="RHS Garden Hyde Hall"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9A%87%E5%AE%B6%E5%9B%AD%E8%89%BA%E5%AD%A6%E4%BC%9AHyde_Hall%E8%8A%B1%E5%9B%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="皇家园艺学会Hyde Hall花园（页面不存在）">皇家园艺学会Hyde Hall花园</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RHS_Garden_Hyde_Hall" class="extiw" title="en:RHS Garden Hyde Hall"><span lang="en" dir="auto">RHS Garden Hyde Hall</span></a></span>）</span></span>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="环境破坏"><span id=".E7.8E.AF.E5.A2.83.E7.A0.B4.E5.9D.8F"></span>环境破坏</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9C%92%E6%9E%97&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：环境破坏"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>在园艺过程中，园丁既可能改善环境也可能破坏环境。建造房屋或园林可能导致直接的<a href="/wiki/%E6%A3%B2%E6%81%AF%E5%9C%B0%E7%A0%B4%E5%A3%9E" title="棲息地破壞">栖息地破坏</a>，而使用<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A5%E7%82%AD" title="泥炭">泥炭</a>、岩石等园艺材料、使用自来水灌溉园林、园林产生<a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%A9%E5%AE%A4%E6%B0%94%E4%BD%93" title="温室气体">温室气体</a>造成的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A3%E5%80%99%E8%AE%8A%E5%8C%96" class="mw-redirect" title="氣候變化">气候变化</a>则可能导致间接的栖息地破坏。部分园艺活动也可能导致园林内外生物的死亡，例如使用<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E8%81%9A%E4%B9%99%E9%86%9B" title="四聚乙醛">四聚乙醛</a>农药不仅会杀害<a href="/wiki/%E8%9B%9E%E8%9D%93" title="蛞蝓">蛞蝓</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E8%9C%97%E7%89%9B" title="蜗牛">蜗牛</a>，还会杀害<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%BA%E7%8C%AC" title="刺猬">刺猬</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A7%E6%AD%8C%E9%B8%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="欧歌鸫">欧歌鸫</a>等捕食者；过度的<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="植物采集" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Plant collecting"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9%E9%87%87%E9%9B%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="植物采集（页面不存在）">植物采集</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plant_collecting" class="extiw" title="en:Plant collecting"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Plant collecting</span></a></span>）</span></span>使本地物种灭绝。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="相關條目"><span id=".E7.9B.B8.E9.97.9C.E6.A2.9D.E7.9B.AE"></span>相關條目</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9C%92%E6%9E%97&action=edit&section=8" title="编辑章节：相關條目"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%92%E8%97%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="園藝">園藝</a>（一門管理花園的技術與學問）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9%E5%9C%92" title="植物園">植物園</a>（和一般花園相似，但主要目的是研究用途）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E5%9C%92" class="mw-redirect" title="公園">公園</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9A%87%E5%AE%B6%E5%9C%92%E6%9E%97" title="皇家園林">皇家園林</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8A%B1%E5%9C%92%E6%B4%8B%E6%88%BF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="花園洋房（页面不存在）">花園洋房</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B0%E7%81%A3%E5%90%8D%E5%9C%92" title="台灣名園">台灣名園</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E5%9C%92%E6%9E%97" title="中國園林">中國園林</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E5%BA%AD%E5%9C%92" title="日本庭園">日本庭園</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%BA%E4%B8%AD%E8%8A%B1%E5%9C%92" class="mw-redirect" title="空中花園">空中花園</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E6%96%AF%E5%9C%92%E6%9E%97" title="波斯園林">波斯園林</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參考來源"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E8.80.83.E4.BE.86.E6.BA.90"></span>參考來源</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9C%92%E6%9E%97&action=edit&section=9" title="编辑章节：參考來源"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="引用"><span id=".E5.BC.95.E7.94.A8"></span>引用</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9C%92%E6%9E%97&action=edit&section=10" title="编辑章节：引用"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist columns references-column-count references-column-count-2" style="-moz-column-count: 2; -webkit-column-count: 2; column-count: 2; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.yummyseeds.com.hk/page.php?type=4&lang=1">Some tips and opinion about gardening.</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20200328050416/https://www.yummyseeds.com.hk/page.php?type=4&lang=1">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>） 2020-03-15</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.china.com.cn/zhuanti2005/txt/2004-06/14/content_5568002.htm">世界造园艺术的三大体系</a>. 中国网，来源：《苏州日报》. 2004-06-14 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2017-06-10</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200519184630/http://www.china.com.cn/zhuanti2005/txt/2004-06/14/content_5568002.htm">存档</a>于2020-05-19） <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到简体中文网页">（简体中文）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%9C%92%E6%9E%97&rft.btitle=%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E9%80%A0%E5%9B%AD%E8%89%BA%E6%9C%AF%E7%9A%84%E4%B8%89%E5%A4%A7%E4%BD%93%E7%B3%BB&rft.date=2004-06-14&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E7%BD%91%EF%BC%8C%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90%EF%BC%9A%E3%80%8A%E8%8B%8F%E5%B7%9E%E6%97%A5%E6%8A%A5%E3%80%8B&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.china.com.cn%2Fzhuanti2005%2Ftxt%2F2004-06%2F14%2Fcontent_5568002.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-wy1-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-wy1_3-0"><sup><b>3.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-wy1_3-1"><sup><b>3.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">吴钩. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170813011640/http://news.163.com/17/0122/05/CBC4CGH900018AOP.html">私家园林的开放传统</a>. 责任编辑：王晓易_NE0011. 网易，来源：南方都市报(深圳). 2017-01-22 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2017-08-13</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.163.com/17/0122/05/CBC4CGH900018AOP.html">原始内容</a>存档于2017-08-13） <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到简体中文网页">（简体中文）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%9C%92%E6%9E%97&rft.atitle=%E7%A7%81%E5%AE%B6%E5%9B%AD%E6%9E%97%E7%9A%84%E5%BC%80%E6%94%BE%E4%BC%A0%E7%BB%9F&rft.au=%E5%90%B4%E9%92%A9&rft.date=2017-01-22&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%E8%B4%A3%E4%BB%BB%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%EF%BC%9A%E7%8E%8B%E6%99%93%E6%98%93_NE0011&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.163.com%2F17%2F0122%2F05%2FCBC4CGH900018AOP.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">王欣. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mall.cnki.net/magazine/magadetail/ZCRY199707.htm">公园──人类最后的休憩地</a>. 中国成人教育 (山东省济南市: 中国成人教育杂志编辑部). （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201030202106/https://mall.cnki.net/magazine/magadetail/ZCRY199707.htm">存档</a>于2020-10-30） <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到简体中文网页">（简体中文）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%9C%92%E6%9E%97&rft.atitle=%E5%85%AC%E5%9B%AD%E2%94%80%E2%94%80%E4%BA%BA%E7%B1%BB%E6%9C%80%E5%90%8E%E7%9A%84%E4%BC%91%E6%86%A9%E5%9C%B0&rft.au=%E7%8E%8B%E6%AC%A3&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=1997%E5%B9%B4%E7%AC%AC07%E6%9C%9F&rft.jtitle=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E6%88%90%E4%BA%BA%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmall.cnki.net%2Fmagazine%2Fmagadetail%2FZCRY199707.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sohu.com/a/113474565_444400">[人民日报看江苏]苏州私家园林首次司法拍卖以6525万元成交</a>. 搜狐网. 2016-09-03 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2017-08-13</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190508132052/http://www.sohu.com/a/113474565_444400">存档</a>于2019-05-08） <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到简体中文网页">（简体中文）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%9C%92%E6%9E%97&rft.btitle=%5B%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E6%97%A5%E6%8A%A5%E7%9C%8B%E6%B1%9F%E8%8B%8F%5D%E8%8B%8F%E5%B7%9E%E7%A7%81%E5%AE%B6%E5%9B%AD%E6%9E%97%E9%A6%96%E6%AC%A1%E5%8F%B8%E6%B3%95%E6%8B%8D%E5%8D%96+%E4%BB%A56525%E4%B8%87%E5%85%83%E6%88%90%E4%BA%A4&rft.date=2016-09-03&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=%E6%90%9C%E7%8B%90%E7%BD%91&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sohu.com%2Fa%2F113474565_444400&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Chen, Gang. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=1z9wlhscZFgC">Planting design illustrated</a> 2nd. 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a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:110%;margin:0 8em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:110%;margin:0 5em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%9C%92%E8%97%9D" title="Template:園藝"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E5%9C%92%E8%97%9D" title="Template talk:園藝"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E5%9C%92%E8%97%9D" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:園藝"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="园艺" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%AD%E8%89%BA" title="园艺">园艺</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%AD%E8%89%BA" title="园艺">园艺</a>概要</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="園藝歷史" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="History of gardening"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9C%92%E8%97%9D%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="園藝歷史（页面不存在）">歷史</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_gardening" class="extiw" title="en:History of gardening"><span lang="en" dir="auto">History of gardening</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%AD%E6%9E%97%E8%AE%BE%E8%AE%A1" title="园林设计">設計</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="電腦輔助園藝設計" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Computer-aided garden design"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9B%BB%E8%85%A6%E8%BC%94%E5%8A%A9%E5%9C%92%E8%97%9D%E8%A8%AD%E8%A8%88&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="電腦輔助園藝設計（页面不存在）">電腦輔助</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer-aided_garden_design" class="extiw" title="en:Computer-aided garden design"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Computer-aided garden design</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%92%E8%97%9D%E5%B7%A5%E5%85%B7" title="園藝工具">園林工具</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%A0%E8%89%B2%E6%A4%8D%E7%94%9F%E7%89%86" title="綠色植生牆">綠牆</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E5%8C%BA%E5%86%9C%E5%9C%83" title="社区农圃">社区农圃</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BA%AB%E5%AE%A4" title="溫室">溫室</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="社区花园" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Community gardening"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A4%BE%E5%8C%BA%E8%8A%B1%E5%9B%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="社区花园（页面不存在）">社区花园</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Community_gardening" class="extiw" title="en:Community gardening"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Community gardening</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%84%B6%E6%99%AF%E8%A7%80" title="自然景觀">景觀</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="花壇園" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Parterre"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8A%B1%E5%A3%87%E5%9C%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="花壇園（页面不存在）">花壇</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parterre" class="extiw" title="en:Parterre"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Parterre</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%AD%E5%9C%B0%E6%A0%BD%E5%9F%B9" title="园地栽培">园地栽培</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E6%9E%B6%E5%BA%8A%E5%9C%92%E8%97%9D" title="高架床園藝">高架床園藝</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="7" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:RegaderaMetalica.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/RegaderaMetalica.jpg/100px-RegaderaMetalica.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/RegaderaMetalica.jpg/150px-RegaderaMetalica.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/RegaderaMetalica.jpg/200px-RegaderaMetalica.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">園藝類別</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E5%8C%BA%E5%86%9C%E5%9C%83" title="社区农圃">社區園藝</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A3%AE%E6%9E%97%E5%9C%92%E8%97%9D" title="森林園藝">森林園藝</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="集約園藝" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="French intensive gardening"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9B%86%E7%B4%84%E5%9C%92%E8%97%9D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="集約園藝（页面不存在）">集約園藝</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_intensive_gardening" class="extiw" title="en:French intensive gardening"><span lang="en" dir="auto">French intensive gardening</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="街頭園藝" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Guerrilla gardening"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A1%97%E9%A0%AD%E5%9C%92%E8%97%9D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="街頭園藝（页面不存在）">街頭園藝</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guerrilla_gardening" class="extiw" title="en:Guerrilla gardening"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Guerrilla gardening</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E6%9E%B6%E5%BA%8A%E5%9C%92%E8%97%9D" title="高架床園藝">高床園藝</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="一米園藝" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Square foot gardening"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%80%E7%B1%B3%E5%9C%92%E8%97%9D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="一米園藝（页面不存在）">一米園藝</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Square_foot_gardening" class="extiw" title="en:Square foot gardening"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Square foot gardening</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="永續園藝" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Sustainable gardening"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B0%B8%E7%BA%8C%E5%9C%92%E8%97%9D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="永續園藝（页面不存在）">永續園藝</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sustainable_gardening" class="extiw" title="en:Sustainable gardening"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Sustainable gardening</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9C%81%E6%B0%B4%E8%8A%B1%E5%9C%92" title="省水花園">省水花園</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="園林列表" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="List of garden types"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9C%92%E6%9E%97%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="園林列表（页面不存在）">園林</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_garden_types" class="extiw" title="en:List of garden types"><span lang="en" dir="auto">List of garden types</span></a></span>）</span></span><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="园林类别" data-lang-code="d" data-lang-name="維基數據" data-foreign-title="Q96338860"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9B%AD%E6%9E%97%E7%B1%BB%E5%88%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="园林类别（页面不存在）">類別</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">維基數據所列</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96338860" class="extiw" title="d:Q96338860"><span lang="d" dir="auto">Q96338860</span></a></span>）</span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="實用或小型園林" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">實用或<br />小型園林</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">庭園</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="前院" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Front yard"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%89%8D%E9%99%A2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="前院（页面不存在）">前院</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Front_yard" class="extiw" title="en:Front yard"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Front yard</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="後花園" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Back garden"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BE%8C%E8%8A%B1%E5%9C%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="後花園（页面不存在）">後花園</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Back_garden" class="extiw" title="en:Back garden"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Back garden</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%8C%E9%99%A2" title="後院">後院</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9E%9C%E8%8F%9C%E5%9C%92" title="果菜園">家庭菜園</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9E%9C%E5%9C%92" title="果園">果園</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%91%A1%E8%90%84%E5%9B%AD" title="葡萄园">葡萄园</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9%E5%9C%92" title="植物園">植物園</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="蕨類庭園" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Fernery"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%95%A8%E9%A1%9E%E5%BA%AD%E5%9C%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="蕨類庭園（页面不存在）">蕨類</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fernery" class="extiw" title="en:Fernery"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Fernery</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="實驗花園" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Trial garden"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AF%A6%E9%A9%97%E8%8A%B1%E5%9C%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="實驗花園（页面不存在）">實驗</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trial_garden" class="extiw" title="en:Trial garden"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Trial garden</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="熱帶花園" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Tropical garden"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%86%B1%E5%B8%B6%E8%8A%B1%E5%9C%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="熱帶花園（页面不存在）">熱帶</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropical_garden" class="extiw" title="en:Tropical garden"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Tropical garden</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E5%BA%AD%E5%9C%92" title="水庭園">水生</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="野生園" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Wildlife garden"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%87%8E%E7%94%9F%E5%9C%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="野生園（页面不存在）">野生</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wildlife_garden" class="extiw" title="en:Wildlife garden"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Wildlife garden</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%99%E4%BA%BA%E6%8E%8C%E8%8A%B1%E5%9C%92" title="仙人掌花園">仙人掌</a></li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="花卉庭園" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Flower garden"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8A%B1%E5%8D%89%E5%BA%AD%E5%9C%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="花卉庭園（页面不存在）">花園</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flower_garden" class="extiw" title="en:Flower garden"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Flower garden</span></a></span>）</span></span> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="玫瑰花園" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Rose garden"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8E%AB%E7%91%B0%E8%8A%B1%E5%9C%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="玫瑰花園（页面不存在）">玫瑰</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rose_garden" class="extiw" title="en:Rose garden"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Rose garden</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="盆栽花園" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Container garden"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9B%86%E6%A0%BD%E8%8A%B1%E5%9C%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="盆栽花園（页面不存在）">盆栽</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Container_garden" class="extiw" title="en:Container garden"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Container garden</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8B%95%E7%89%A9%E5%9C%92" title="動物園">動物園</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="蝴蝶園" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Butterfly zoo"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6%E5%9C%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="蝴蝶園（页面不存在）">蝴蝶園</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butterfly_zoo" class="extiw" title="en:Butterfly zoo"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Butterfly zoo</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%91%E8%88%8D%E8%8A%B1%E5%9B%AD" title="村舍花园">村舍</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="圍牆花園 (園藝)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Walled garden"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9C%8D%E7%89%86%E8%8A%B1%E5%9C%92_(%E5%9C%92%E8%97%9D)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="圍牆花園 (園藝)（页面不存在）">圍牆</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walled_garden" class="extiw" title="en:Walled garden"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Walled garden</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%8B%E9%A0%82%E8%8A%B1%E5%9C%92" title="屋頂花園">屋頂花園</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%A8%E6%B0%B4%E8%8A%B1%E5%9C%92" title="雨水花園">雨水</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="蔭蔽花園" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Shade garden"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%94%AD%E8%94%BD%E8%8A%B1%E5%9C%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="蔭蔽花園（页面不存在）">蔭蔽</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shade_garden" class="extiw" title="en:Shade garden"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Shade garden</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%83%9C%E5%88%A9%E8%8A%B1%E5%9B%AD" title="胜利花园">勝利</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="市場花園（庭園）" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Market garden"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%82%E5%A0%B4%E8%8A%B1%E5%9C%92%EF%BC%88%E5%BA%AD%E5%9C%92%EF%BC%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="市場花園（庭園）（页面不存在）">市場</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Market_garden" class="extiw" title="en:Market garden"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Market garden</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%87%E5%8D%97%E5%B8%95%E5%A2%BE%E7%94%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="奇南帕墾田">奇南帕</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="感官花園" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Sensory garden"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%84%9F%E5%AE%98%E8%8A%B1%E5%9C%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="感官花園（页面不存在）">感官</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sensory_garden" class="extiw" title="en:Sensory garden"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Sensory garden</span></a></span>）</span></span> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="療癒花園" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Therapeutic garden"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%99%82%E7%99%92%E8%8A%B1%E5%9C%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="療癒花園（页面不存在）">療癒</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Therapeutic_garden" class="extiw" title="en:Therapeutic garden"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Therapeutic garden</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="冬景花園" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Winter garden"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%86%AC%E6%99%AF%E8%8A%B1%E5%9C%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="冬景花園（页面不存在）">冬景</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winter_garden" class="extiw" title="en:Winter garden"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Winter garden</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">綠色雕<br />塑園林</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="結紋庭園" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Knot garden"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B5%90%E7%B4%8B%E5%BA%AD%E5%9C%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="結紋庭園（页面不存在）">結紋</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knot_garden" class="extiw" title="en:Knot garden"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Knot garden</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%B7%E8%B7%AF%E5%9C%92" title="迷路園">迷園</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="花壇園" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Parterre"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8A%B1%E5%A3%87%E5%9C%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="花壇園（页面不存在）">花壇園</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parterre" class="extiw" title="en:Parterre"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Parterre</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">主題或<br />大型園林</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="聖經花園" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Biblical garden"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%81%96%E7%B6%93%E8%8A%B1%E5%9C%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="聖經花園（页面不存在）">聖經</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblical_garden" class="extiw" title="en:Biblical garden"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Biblical garden</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="聖母花園" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Mary garden"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%81%96%E6%AF%8D%E8%8A%B1%E5%9C%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="聖母花園（页面不存在）">聖母</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_garden" class="extiw" title="en:Mary garden"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Mary garden</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="聖園" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Sacred garden"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%81%96%E5%9C%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="聖園（页面不存在）">聖園</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sacred_garden" class="extiw" title="en:Sacred garden"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Sacred garden</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="同色花園" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Color garden"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%90%8C%E8%89%B2%E8%8A%B1%E5%9C%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="同色花園（页面不存在）">同色</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Color_garden" class="extiw" title="en:Color garden"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Color garden</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="空中花園（庭園）" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Hanging garden (cultivation)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A9%BA%E4%B8%AD%E8%8A%B1%E5%9C%92%EF%BC%88%E5%BA%AD%E5%9C%92%EF%BC%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="空中花園（庭園）（页面不存在）">空中</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hanging_garden_(cultivation)" class="extiw" title="en:Hanging garden (cultivation)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Hanging garden (cultivation)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="哲學花園" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Philosophical garden"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%B8%E8%8A%B1%E5%9C%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="哲學花園（页面不存在）">哲學</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philosophical_garden" class="extiw" title="en:Philosophical garden"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Philosophical garden</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="雕塑花園" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Sculpture garden"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9B%95%E5%A1%91%E8%8A%B1%E5%9C%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="雕塑花園（页面不存在）">雕塑</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sculpture_garden" class="extiw" title="en:Sculpture garden"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Sculpture garden</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="休閒花園" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Pleasure garden"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%91%E9%96%92%E8%8A%B1%E5%9C%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="休閒花園（页面不存在）">休閒</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleasure_garden" class="extiw" title="en:Pleasure garden"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Pleasure garden</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A9%98%E5%9B%AD" title="橘园">橘園</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">建筑风格<br /></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%9C%E4%BA%9A%E5%9B%AD%E6%9E%97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="东亚园林（页面不存在）">东亚</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E5%9C%92%E6%9E%97" title="中國園林">中國</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E5%B7%9E%E5%9B%AD%E6%9E%97" class="mw-redirect" title="苏州园林">江南园林</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%B1%B1%E4%BA%94%E5%9B%AD" title="三山五园">北方园林</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B6%BA%E5%8D%97%E5%9C%92%E6%9E%97" title="嶺南園林">岭南园林</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E5%B7%9D%E5%9B%AD%E6%9E%97" title="四川园林">巴蜀园林</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E5%BA%AD%E5%9C%92" title="日本庭園">日本</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9E%AF%E5%B1%B1%E6%B0%B4" title="枯山水">枯山水</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9E%E6%B8%B8%E5%BC%8F%E5%BA%AD%E5%9B%AD" title="回游式庭园">回游式庭园</a></li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="朝鲜园林" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Korean garden"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E5%9B%AD%E6%9E%97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="朝鲜园林（页面不存在）">朝鲜半岛</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korean_garden" class="extiw" title="en:Korean garden"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Korean garden</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%AC%A7%E5%BC%8F%E5%9B%AD%E6%9E%97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="欧式园林（页面不存在）">欧洲</a></b></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B3%95%E5%BC%8F%E5%9B%AD%E6%9E%97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="法式园林（页面不存在）">法國</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="法國典型庭園" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="French formal garden"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B3%95%E5%9C%8B%E5%85%B8%E5%9E%8B%E5%BA%AD%E5%9C%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="法國典型庭園（页面不存在）">典型</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_formal_garden" class="extiw" title="en:French formal garden"><span lang="en" dir="auto">French formal garden</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="法國景觀庭園" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="French landscape garden"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B3%95%E5%9C%8B%E6%99%AF%E8%A7%80%E5%BA%AD%E5%9C%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="法國景觀庭園（页面不存在）">景觀</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_landscape_garden" class="extiw" title="en:French landscape garden"><span lang="en" dir="auto">French landscape garden</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="法國文藝復興時期庭園" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Gardens of the French Renaissance"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B3%95%E5%9C%8B%E6%96%87%E8%97%9D%E5%BE%A9%E8%88%88%E6%99%82%E6%9C%9F%E5%BA%AD%E5%9C%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="法國文藝復興時期庭園（页面不存在）">文藝復興</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gardens_of_the_French_Renaissance" class="extiw" title="en:Gardens of the French Renaissance"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Gardens of the French Renaissance</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="荷蘭庭園" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Dutch garden"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8D%B7%E8%98%AD%E5%BA%AD%E5%9C%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="荷蘭庭園（页面不存在）">荷蘭</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dutch_garden" class="extiw" title="en:Dutch garden"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Dutch garden</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%BC%8F%E5%BA%AD%E5%9C%92" title="英式庭園">英國</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="義大利庭園" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Italian Renaissance garden"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BE%A9%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9%E5%BA%AD%E5%9C%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="義大利庭園（页面不存在）">義大利</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italian_Renaissance_garden" class="extiw" title="en:Italian Renaissance garden"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Italian Renaissance garden</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="西班牙庭園" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Spanish garden"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A5%BF%E7%8F%AD%E7%89%99%E5%BA%AD%E5%9C%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="西班牙庭園（页面不存在）">西班牙</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_garden" class="extiw" title="en:Spanish garden"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Spanish garden</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="希臘庭園" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Greek gardens"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%8C%E8%87%98%E5%BA%AD%E5%9C%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="希臘庭園（页面不存在）">希臘</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_gardens" class="extiw" title="en:Greek gardens"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Greek gardens</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="羅馬庭園" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Roman gardens"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%AC%E5%BA%AD%E5%9C%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="羅馬庭園（页面不存在）">羅馬</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_gardens" class="extiw" title="en:Roman gardens"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Roman gardens</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="拜占庭庭園" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Byzantine gardens"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%8B%9C%E5%8D%A0%E5%BA%AD%E5%BA%AD%E5%9C%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="拜占庭庭園（页面不存在）">拜占庭</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Byzantine_gardens" class="extiw" title="en:Byzantine gardens"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Byzantine gardens</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%9B%AD%E6%9E%97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="西亚园林（页面不存在）">西亚</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E6%96%AF%E5%9C%92%E6%9E%97" title="波斯園林">波斯</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="巴格（庭園）" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Bagh (garden)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B7%B4%E6%A0%BC%EF%BC%88%E5%BA%AD%E5%9C%92%EF%BC%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="巴格（庭園）（页面不存在）">巴格</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagh_(garden)" class="extiw" title="en:Bagh (garden)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Bagh (garden)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="夏赫巴格" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Charbagh"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%8F%E8%B5%AB%E5%B7%B4%E6%A0%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="夏赫巴格（页面不存在）">夏巴</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charbagh" class="extiw" title="en:Charbagh"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Charbagh</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E5%A0%82%E8%8A%B1%E5%9B%AD" title="天堂花园">天堂</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E5%9C%92%E6%9E%97" title="伊斯蘭園林">伊斯蘭</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="莫卧儿庭園" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Mughal gardens"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8E%AB%E5%8D%A7%E5%84%BF%E5%BA%AD%E5%9C%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="莫卧儿庭園（页面不存在）">莫卧儿</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mughal_gardens" class="extiw" title="en:Mughal gardens"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Mughal gardens</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%BD%E5%9F%B9%E5%93%81%E7%A7%8D" title="栽培品种">栽培植物</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%A8%E6%9C%AC%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9" title="木本植物">木本植物</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%90%BD%E8%91%89%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9" title="落葉植物">落葉植物</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%B8%E7%BB%BF%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9" title="常绿植物">常绿植物</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%99%E4%BA%BA%E6%8E%8C" title="仙人掌">仙人掌</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%8C%E6%9C%A8" title="灌木">灌木</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E7%81%8C%E6%9C%A8" title="亚灌木">亚灌木</a></li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="花卉植物" data-lang-code="de" data-lang-name="德语" data-foreign-title="Blume"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8A%B1%E5%8D%89%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="花卉植物（页面不存在）">花卉植物</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">德语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blume" class="extiw" title="de:Blume"><span lang="de" dir="auto">Blume</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E5%B9%B4%E7%94%9F%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9" title="多年生植物">多年生植物</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%80%E5%B9%B4%E7%94%9F%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9" title="一年生植物">一年生植物</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E5%B9%B4%E7%94%9F%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9" title="二年生植物">二年生植物</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%82%E8%B5%8F%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9" title="观赏植物">观赏植物</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="观赏草" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Ornamental grass"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A7%82%E8%B5%8F%E8%8D%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="观赏草（页面不存在）">观赏草</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ornamental_grass" class="extiw" title="en:Ornamental grass"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Ornamental grass</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%97%A4%E6%9C%AC%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9" title="藤本植物">藤本植物</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%80%E8%91%89%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9" title="觀葉植物">觀葉植物</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%91%E6%9C%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="树木">树木</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%86%E6%A0%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="盆栽">盆栽</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E8%82%89%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9" title="多肉植物">多肉植物</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%B1%E7%94%9F%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9" title="旱生植物">旱生植物</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A6%86%E5%9C%9F%E4%BD%9C%E7%89%A9" title="覆土作物">覆土作物</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%AD%E8%89%BA" title="园艺">園藝學</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%9C%E4%B8%9A" title="农业">农业</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%AF%E6%8C%81%E7%BA%8C%E6%80%A7" title="可持續性">永續</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="非動物性基質農業" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="stock-free"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9D%9E%E5%8B%95%E7%89%A9%E6%80%A7%E5%9F%BA%E8%B3%AA%E8%BE%B2%E6%A5%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="非動物性基質農業（页面不存在）">非動物</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/stock-free" class="extiw" title="en:stock-free"><span lang="en" dir="auto">stock-free</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="伴生栽培" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Companion planting"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%B4%E7%94%9F%E6%A0%BD%E5%9F%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="伴生栽培（页面不存在）">伴生</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Companion_planting" class="extiw" title="en:Companion planting"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Companion planting</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="水生栽培" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Hydroculture"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B0%B4%E7%94%9F%E6%A0%BD%E5%9F%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="水生栽培（页面不存在）">水耕</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydroculture" class="extiw" title="en:Hydroculture"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Hydroculture</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="間作" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Intercropping"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%96%93%E4%BD%9C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="間作（页面不存在）">間作</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intercropping" class="extiw" title="en:Intercropping"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Intercropping</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="採後生理學" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Postharvest_physiology#Postharvest_Physiology"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%8E%A1%E5%BE%8C%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="採後生理學（页面不存在）">收穫</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postharvest_physiology#Postharvest_Physiology" class="extiw" title="en:Postharvest physiology"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Postharvest_physiology#Postharvest_Physiology</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%9C%E4%BD%9C%E7%89%A9" title="农作物">農作物</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="世界農作物產值列表" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="List of most valuable crops"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E8%BE%B2%E4%BD%9C%E7%89%A9%E7%94%A2%E5%80%BC%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="世界農作物產值列表（页面不存在）">產值</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_most_valuable_crops" class="extiw" title="en:List of most valuable crops"><span lang="en" dir="auto">List of most valuable crops</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9E%9C%E6%A8%B9%E5%AD%B8" title="果樹學">果樹學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%94%AC%E8%8F%9C%E5%AD%B8" title="蔬菜學">蔬菜學</a></li> <li>都市 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%83%BD%E5%B8%82%E8%BE%B2%E6%A5%AD" title="都市農業">農業</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="都市園藝" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Urban horticulture"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%83%BD%E5%B8%82%E5%9C%92%E8%97%9D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="都市園藝（页面不存在）">園藝</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urban_horticulture" class="extiw" title="en:Urban horticulture"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Urban horticulture</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="都市園藝" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Urban forestry"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%83%BD%E5%B8%82%E5%9C%92%E8%97%9D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="都市園藝（页面不存在）">林業</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urban_forestry" class="extiw" title="en:Urban forestry"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Urban forestry</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="都市綠化" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Urban reforestation"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%83%BD%E5%B8%82%E7%B6%A0%E5%8C%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="都市綠化（页面不存在）">綠化</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urban_reforestation" class="extiw" title="en:Urban reforestation"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Urban reforestation</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9" title="植物">植物</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%A6" title="植物学">植物学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9%E9%85%8D%E7%A8%AE" title="植物配種">育種</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9%E7%B9%81%E6%AE%96" title="植物繁殖">繁殖</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A8%B9%E8%97%9D" title="樹藝">樹藝</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="園藝植物誌" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Horticultural flora"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9C%92%E8%97%9D%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9%E8%AA%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="園藝植物誌（页面不存在）">植物誌</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horticultural_flora" class="extiw" title="en:Horticultural flora"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Horticultural flora</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="花卉園藝" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Floriculture"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8A%B1%E5%8D%89%E5%9C%92%E8%97%9D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="花卉園藝（页面不存在）">花卉園藝</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Floriculture" class="extiw" title="en:Floriculture"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Floriculture</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="民族園藝學" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Indigenous horticulture"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E5%9C%92%E8%97%9D%E5%AD%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="民族園藝學（页面不存在）">民族園藝</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indigenous_horticulture" class="extiw" title="en:Indigenous horticulture"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Indigenous horticulture</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="熱帶園藝" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Tropical horticulture"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%86%B1%E5%B8%B6%E5%9C%92%E8%97%9D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="熱帶園藝（页面不存在）">熱帶園藝</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropical_horticulture" class="extiw" title="en:Tropical horticulture"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Tropical horticulture</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="基因改造林木" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Genetically modified tree"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%BA%E5%9B%A0%E6%94%B9%E9%80%A0%E6%9E%97%E6%9C%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="基因改造林木（页面不存在）">基改林木</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetically_modified_tree" class="extiw" title="en:Genetically modified tree"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Genetically modified tree</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%AF%E8%A7%80%E8%A8%AD%E8%A8%88" title="景觀設計">景觀設計</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%91%A1%E8%90%84%E6%A0%BD%E5%9F%B9" title="葡萄栽培">葡萄栽培</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%91%A1%E8%90%84%E9%85%92%E5%B7%A5%E8%89%BA%E5%AD%A6" title="葡萄酒工艺学">葡萄酒工藝學</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E5%9B%AD%E8%89%BA" title="有机园艺">有機園藝</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%8B%95%E5%8A%9B%E8%BE%B2%E6%B3%95" title="生物動力農法">生物動力農法</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="有機園藝與農業主題列表" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="List of organic gardening and farming topics"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%89%E6%A9%9F%E5%9C%92%E8%97%9D%E8%88%87%E8%BE%B2%E6%A5%AD%E4%B8%BB%E9%A1%8C%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="有機園藝與農業主題列表（页面不存在）">有機園藝與農業</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_organic_gardening_and_farming_topics" class="extiw" title="en:List of organic gardening and farming topics"><span lang="en" dir="auto">List of organic gardening and farming topics</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="素食有機園藝" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Vegan organic gardening"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B4%A0%E9%A3%9F%E6%9C%89%E6%A9%9F%E5%9C%92%E8%97%9D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="素食有機園藝（页面不存在）">素食有機園藝</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vegan_organic_gardening" class="extiw" title="en:Vegan organic gardening"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Vegan organic gardening</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">植物保護</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="植物病害預測" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Plant disease forecasting"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9%E7%97%85%E5%AE%B3%E9%A0%90%E6%B8%AC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="植物病害預測（页面不存在）">植物病害預測</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plant_disease_forecasting" class="extiw" title="en:Plant disease forecasting"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Plant disease forecasting</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%9C%E8%8D%AF" title="农药">农药</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="農藥條目索引" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Index of pesticide articles"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BE%B2%E8%97%A5%E6%A2%9D%E7%9B%AE%E7%B4%A2%E5%BC%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="農藥條目索引（页面不存在）">索引</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_of_pesticide_articles" class="extiw" title="en:Index of pesticide articles"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Index of pesticide articles</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%80%E7%9C%9F%E8%8F%8C%E5%89%82" title="杀真菌剂">殺真菌劑</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="殺真菌劑列表" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="List of fungicides"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%AE%BA%E7%9C%9F%E8%8F%8C%E5%8A%91%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="殺真菌劑列表（页面不存在）">列表</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_fungicides" class="extiw" title="en:List of fungicides"><span lang="en" dir="auto">List of fungicides</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="雜草防治" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Weed control"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9B%9C%E8%8D%89%E9%98%B2%E6%B2%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="雜草防治（页面不存在）">雜草防治</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weed_control" class="extiw" title="en:Weed control"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Weed control</span></a></span>）</span></span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%99%A4%E8%8D%89%E5%89%82" title="除草剂">除草剂</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="分类"><img alt="分类" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%9C%92%E8%97%9D" title="Category:園藝">園藝分类</a></b></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Corn_01.JPG/16px-Corn_01.JPG" decoding="async" width="16" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Corn_01.JPG/24px-Corn_01.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Corn_01.JPG/32px-Corn_01.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1632" data-file-height="1224" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Portal:%E5%86%9C%E4%B8%9A%E5%92%8C%E5%86%9C%E5%AD%A6" title="Portal:农业和农学">農業和農學主題</a></b></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Leaf_1_web.jpg/16px-Leaf_1_web.jpg" decoding="async" width="16" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Leaf_1_web.jpg/24px-Leaf_1_web.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Leaf_1_web.jpg/32px-Leaf_1_web.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Portal:%E5%9C%92%E8%97%9D" title="Portal:園藝">園藝主題</a></b></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Horticulture" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Horticulture">共享資源</a></b></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="专题"><img alt="专题" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/16px-People_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/24px-People_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/32px-People_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="100" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/WikiProject:%E5%9B%AD%E8%89%BA%E5%AD%A6" title="WikiProject:园艺学">園藝學專題</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"><style 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title="Help:规范控制">规范控制数据库</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1107656#identifiers" title="編輯維基數據鏈接"><img alt="編輯維基數據鏈接" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">各地</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" 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