CINXE.COM
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8" content="text/html;charset=utf-8;"> <title data-react-helmet="true" property="og:title">Sardinia | Etymology of the name Sardinia by etymonline</title> <meta data-react-helmet="true" http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge,chrome=1"/><meta data-react-helmet="true" name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"/><meta data-react-helmet="true" name="apple-mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes"/><meta data-react-helmet="true" name="theme-color" content="#83001d"/><meta data-react-helmet="true" name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#83001d"/><meta data-react-helmet="true" name="msapplication-TileImage" content="/ms-icon-144x144.png"/><meta data-react-helmet="true" name="description" property="og:description" content="Origin and history of the name Sardinia: large island west of Italy, Latin, from Greek Sardō, Sardōn; perhaps named for the local Iberia ... See more."/><meta data-react-helmet="true" property="og:image" content="https://www.etymonline.com/graphics/header.jpg"/><meta data-react-helmet="true" name="twitter:card" content="summary"/> <link data-react-helmet="true" rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="https://www.etymonline.com/opensearch.xml" title="Etymonline Search"/><link data-react-helmet="true" rel="chrome-webstore-item" href="https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/giehjnnlopapngdjbjjgddpaagoimmgl"/><link data-react-helmet="true" rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="57x57" href="https://cdn.etymonline.com/projects/etymonline-main-v3/favicon/apple-icon-57x57.png"/><link data-react-helmet="true" rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="60x60" href="https://cdn.etymonline.com/projects/etymonline-main-v3/favicon/apple-icon-60x60.png"/><link data-react-helmet="true" rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="72x72" href="https://cdn.etymonline.com/projects/etymonline-main-v3/favicon/apple-icon-72x72.png"/><link data-react-helmet="true" rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="76x76" href="https://cdn.etymonline.com/projects/etymonline-main-v3/favicon/apple-icon-76x76.png"/><link data-react-helmet="true" rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="114x114" href="https://cdn.etymonline.com/projects/etymonline-main-v3/favicon/apple-icon-114x114.png"/><link data-react-helmet="true" rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="120x120" href="https://cdn.etymonline.com/projects/etymonline-main-v3/favicon/apple-icon-120x120.png"/><link data-react-helmet="true" rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="144x144" href="https://cdn.etymonline.com/projects/etymonline-main-v3/favicon/apple-icon-144x144.png"/><link data-react-helmet="true" rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="152x152" href="https://cdn.etymonline.com/projects/etymonline-main-v3/favicon/apple-icon-152x152.png"/><link data-react-helmet="true" rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="https://cdn.etymonline.com/projects/etymonline-main-v3/favicon/apple-icon-180x180.png"/><link data-react-helmet="true" rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="192x192" href="https://cdn.etymonline.com/projects/etymonline-main-v3/favicon/android-icon-192x192.png"/><link data-react-helmet="true" rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="32x32" href="https://cdn.etymonline.com/projects/etymonline-main-v3/favicon/favicon-32x32.png"/><link data-react-helmet="true" rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="96x96" href="https://cdn.etymonline.com/projects/etymonline-main-v3/favicon/favicon-96x96.png"/><link data-react-helmet="true" rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="16x16" href="https://cdn.etymonline.com/projects/etymonline-main-v3/favicon/favicon-16x16.png"/><link data-react-helmet="true" rel="manifest" href="/manifest.json"/><link data-react-helmet="true" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.etymonline.com/projects/etymonline-main-v3/fontawesome/css/font-awesome.min.css"/><link data-react-helmet="true" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.etymonline.com/projects/etymonline-main-v3/style.1ca52a5f895b4c08a29e26a206c2dacb.css"/><link data-react-helmet="true" rel="canonical" href="https://www.etymonline.com/word/Sardinia"/><link data-react-helmet="true" rel="alternate" hrefLang="en" href="https://www.etymonline.com/word/Sardinia"/><link data-react-helmet="true" rel="alternate" hrefLang="zh" href="https://www.etymonline.com/cn/word/Sardinia"/><link data-react-helmet="true" rel="alternate" hrefLang="de" href="https://www.etymonline.com/de/word/Sardinia"/><link data-react-helmet="true" rel="alternate" hrefLang="es" href="https://www.etymonline.com/es/word/Sardinia"/><link data-react-helmet="true" rel="alternate" hrefLang="fr" href="https://www.etymonline.com/fr/word/Sardinia"/><link data-react-helmet="true" rel="alternate" hrefLang="it" href="https://www.etymonline.com/it/word/Sardinia"/><link data-react-helmet="true" rel="alternate" hrefLang="ja" href="https://www.etymonline.com/jp/word/Sardinia"/><link data-react-helmet="true" rel="alternate" hrefLang="ko" href="https://www.etymonline.com/kr/word/Sardinia"/><link data-react-helmet="true" rel="alternate" hrefLang="pt" href="https://www.etymonline.com/pt/word/Sardinia"/><link data-react-helmet="true" rel="alternate" hrefLang="zh-TW" href="https://www.etymonline.com/tw/word/Sardinia"/><link data-react-helmet="true" rel="alternate" hrefLang="x-default" href="https://www.etymonline.com/word/Sardinia"/> <style data-react-helmet="true" type="text/css">@-webkit-keyframes slideDown{0%{-webkit-transform:translateY(0);transform:translateY(0)}100%{-webkit-transform:translateY(100%);transform:translateY(100%)}}@keyframes slideDown{0%{-webkit-transform:translateY(0);transform:translateY(0)}100%{-webkit-transform:translateY(100%);transform:translateY(100%)}}@-webkit-keyframes slideUp{0%{-webkit-transform:translateY(100%);transform:translateY(100%)}100%{-webkit-transform:translateY(0);transform:translateY(0)}}@keyframes slideUp{0%{-webkit-transform:translateY(100%);transform:translateY(100%)}100%{-webkit-transform:translateY(0);transform:translateY(0)}}</style> <script async src="https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/tag/js/gpt.js"></script><script>window.googletag = window.googletag || {cmd: []};</script> </head> <body> <div id="root"><div data-reactroot=""><div class="container--1mazc"><div class="header header--1Mejf header__vanila--2dqaM header--top header__sticky--1w7Bc"><div class="header__vanila__container--CElq1"><div class="ant-row"><div class="ant-col-sm-17"><div class="inner--7ZeMs" data-role="header-inner"><div class="header__logo--12Lje" data-role="header-logo"><a href="/" title="Etymology"><img class="header__logo__image--2avl2" src="https://cdn.etymonline.com/web/logo.png" alt="Etymology"/></a></div><div class="header__searchbar--3yKr5" data-role="header-searchbar"><div class="searchform"><form class="searchbar--3dK8Z searchbar" action="/search"><div role="combobox" aria-haspopup="listbox" aria-owns="react-autowhatever-1" aria-expanded="false" class="searchbar__container--2VZd7"><input type="text" value="" autoComplete="off" aria-autocomplete="list" aria-controls="react-autowhatever-1" class="searchbar__input--3L4IY" id="search-bar-text-input" placeholder="Search" name="q" required="" autoCapitalize="off" autoCorrect="off" title="Type a word to search."/><div id="react-autowhatever-1" role="listbox"></div></div><div class="search-clear"><i class="fa fa-times-circle"></i></div><input type="submit" title="Search" value="" class="searchbar__button--3luO1"/></form></div></div></div></div><div class="ant-col-sm-6 ant-col-sm-offset-1"><div class="userInfo--3pEnp"><a class="userInfo_login--1peTS" href="/web/login?redirect_uri=%2Fword%2FSardinia" rel="nofollow">Log in</a></div></div></div></div></div><div class="main main--10rAd" data-role="content-main"><div class="ant-row-flex ant-row-flex-space-around"><div class="ant-col-xs-24 ant-col-sm-24 ant-col-md-24 ant-col-lg-17"><div data-ad-container="true" class="adContainer--6CVz1 vertical"><span class="adLabel--35hfi">Advertisement</span><div id="div-gpt-ad-pc-wd-top" style="min-width:728px;min-height:90px"></div></div><div class="word--C9UPa"><div><div class="" style="position:relative"><h1 title="Origin and meaning of Sardinia" class="word__name--TTbAA">Sardinia<!-- --> </h1><section class="word__defination--2q7ZH"><p>large island west of Italy, Latin, from Greek <span class="foreign notranslate">Sardō</span>, <span class="foreign notranslate">Sardōn</span>; perhaps named for the local Iberian people who had settled there; the original form and meaning of the name is lost. A Punic (Phoenician) stelle from 7c. B.C.E. refers to it as <span class="foreign notranslate">Shardan</span>.</p> <p>The oblique cases in Greek are sometimes <span class="foreign notranslate">Sardonos</span>, etc. Related: <span class="foreign notranslate">Sardinian</span>, which in 19c. sometimes was shortened to <span class="foreign notranslate">Sard</span>. The historical <span class="foreign notranslate">Kingdom of Sardinia</span> was formed in 1720 from the island and parts of Piedmont and Savoy; it became the nucleus of the modern nation of Italy.</p></section><span></span></div></div></div><div class="related--32LCi"><h3 class="h3_title" title="words related to Sardinia">Entries linking to <i>Sardinia</i></h3><div class="related__details--2kumU"><div class="word--C9UPa word_4pc--2SZw8"><div><a class="word__name--TTbAA word_thumbnail__name--1khEg" style="margin-bottom:5px;display:block" title="Origin and meaning of sardine" href="/word/sardine#etymonline_v_22737">sardine<!-- --> <!-- -->(n.)<span class="word_thumbnail__name_icon--2RFFN"><i class="fa fa-chevron-right" style="font-size:16px"></i></span></a><div class="word__etymology_expand--1s7tE"><section class="word__defination--2q7ZH undefined"><div></div><p>"pilchard, type of small oily fish," migratory and highly esteemed as a food, early 15c., from Latin <span class="foreign notranslate">sardina</span>, <span class="foreign notranslate">sarda</span>, from late Greek <span class="foreign notranslate">sardinē, sardinos</span>, earlier <span class="foreign notranslate">sardē</span>, which is often said to be from or related to <span class="foreign notranslate">Sardō</span> "Sardinia" (see <a href="/word/Sardinia" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of Sardinia " class="crossreference notranslate">Sardinia</a>), the Mediterranean island, near which the fish probably were caught and from which they were exported.</p> <p>But Klein writes, "It is hardly probable that the Greeks would have obtained fish from so far as Sardinia at a time relatively so early as that of Aristotle, from whom Athenaios quotes a passage in which the fish <span class="foreign notranslate">sardinos</span> is mentioned." There were other place names in <span class="foreign notranslate">Sard-</span> in the region. D'Arcy Thompson ("A Glossary of Greek Fishes") writes that "The pilchard does not reach Palestine, and the various Clupeids to be found in Greece are not well identified," and also notes that Greek <span class="foreign notranslate">sarda</span>, whatever its origin, "became a very general name, not only for pickled Tunny and Pelamyd, but for a great variety of other potted fish." </p> <blockquote> When cold the fish are placed on tables, to be arranged in the boxes, in oil dipped from barrels. The oil being worth more than the fish, bulk for bulk, it is an object to fill the boxes as closely as possible with fish. [Century Dictionary] </blockquote> <p>Hence, as a verb, "to pack closely" (by 1895); the colloquial phrase <span class="foreign notranslate"><strong>packed like sardines</strong></span> <span class="foreign notranslate">(in a tin</span>, etc.<span class="foreign notranslate">)</span> is recorded by 1845. As the name of a hide-and-seek party game where each person who finds the hider then joins in hiding, by 1924.</p></section></div></div><div style="clear:both"></div></div><div class="word--C9UPa word_4pc--2SZw8"><div><a class="word__name--TTbAA word_thumbnail__name--1khEg" style="margin-bottom:5px;display:block" title="Origin and meaning of sardonic" href="/word/sardonic#etymonline_v_22739">sardonic<!-- --> <!-- -->(adj.)<span class="word_thumbnail__name_icon--2RFFN"><i class="fa fa-chevron-right" style="font-size:16px"></i></span></a><div class="word__etymology_expand--1s7tE"><section class="word__defination--2q7ZH undefined"><div></div><p>"apparently but not really proceeding from gaiety," especially of laughter, a grin, etc., 1630s, from French <span class="foreign notranslate">sardonique</span> (16c.), from Latin <span class="foreign notranslate">sardonius</span> (but as if from *<span class="foreign notranslate">sardonicus</span>) as used in the phrase <span class="foreign notranslate">Sardonius risus</span>, a loan-translation of Greek <span class="foreign notranslate">sardonios gelōs</span> "of bitter or scornful laughter."</p> <p>The Greek word was altered from Homeric <span class="foreign notranslate">sardanios</span> (which is of uncertain origin) apparently by influence of <span class="foreign notranslate">Sardonios</span> "Sardinian" (see <a href="/word/Sardinia" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of Sardinia " class="crossreference notranslate">Sardinia</a>) because the Greeks believed that eating a certain plant they called <span class="foreign notranslate">sardonion</span> ("plant from Sardinia") caused facial convulsions resembling those of sardonic laughter (usually followed by death). The etymology has been confused since ancient times and is much debated.</p> <p>For nuances, see <a href="/word/humor#etymonline_v_16054" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of humor " class="crossreference notranslate">humor</a> (n.). Earlier in same sense <span class="foreign notranslate">sardonian</span> (1580s), from Latin <span class="foreign notranslate">sardonius</span>. Of persons, "bitterly ironical, sarcastic," by 1833. Related: <span class="foreign notranslate">Sardonically</span>.</p></section></div></div><div style="clear:both"></div></div></div></div><div data-ad-container="true" class="adContainer--6CVz1 vertical" style="margin-top:1em"><span class="adLabel--35hfi">Advertisement</span><ins class="adsbygoogle" data-ad-client="ca-pub-7093273770345366" style="display:block;width:100%" data-ad-slot="8757723469" data-ad-format="auto" data-full-width-responsive="true"></ins></div><div class="ngram--SmXCf"><h3 class="h3_title" title="Trends of Sardinia">Trends of <i>Sardinia</i></h3><div class="ngram__container--NwjaG" style="height:180px"><canvas id="ngram-chart"></canvas></div><div class="ngram__footer--3-9dX">adapted from books.google.com/ngrams/. Ngrams are probably unreliable.</div></div><div class="related--32LCi"><h3 class="h3_title" title="More to Explore">More to Explore</h3><div class="related__details--2kumU"><div class="word--C9UPa word_4pc--2SZw8" style="padding:10px 20px"><div><a class="recommended-word" rel="nofollow" data-recommended-type="other_relation" style="margin-bottom:5px;display:block" title="Origin and meaning of Mediterranean" href="/word/Mediterranean"><div class="word__name--TTbAA word_thumbnail__name--1khEg" style="font-size:18px">Mediterranean<span class="word_thumbnail__name_icon--2RFFN"><i class="fa fa-chevron-right" style="font-size:16px"></i></span></div><section class="word__defination--2q7ZH undefined word__etymology_limit_line--3DeZW" style="cursor:pointer">"the sea between southern Europe and northern Africa," 1590s, earlier Mediterranie (c. 1400), from Late Latin Mediterraneum mare "Mediterranean Sea" (7c.), from Latin mediterraneus "midland, surrounded by land, in the midst of an expanse of land" (but in reference to the body of </section></a></div><div style="clear:both"></div></div><div class="word--C9UPa word_4pc--2SZw8" style="padding:10px 20px"><div><a class="recommended-word" rel="nofollow" data-recommended-type="other_relation" style="margin-bottom:5px;display:block" title="Origin and meaning of Italy" href="/word/Italy"><div class="word__name--TTbAA word_thumbnail__name--1khEg" style="font-size:18px">Italy<span class="word_thumbnail__name_icon--2RFFN"><i class="fa fa-chevron-right" style="font-size:16px"></i></span></div><section class="word__defination--2q7ZH undefined word__etymology_limit_line--3DeZW" style="cursor:pointer">from Latin Italia, from Greek Italia; of unknown origin. Perhaps an alteration of Oscan Viteliu "Italy," but meaning originally only the southwestern point of the peninsula. Traditionally said to be from Vitali, name of a tribe that settled in Calabria, whose name is perhaps some</section></a></div><div style="clear:both"></div></div><div class="word--C9UPa word_4pc--2SZw8" style="padding:10px 20px"><div><a class="recommended-word" rel="nofollow" data-recommended-type="complete" style="margin-bottom:5px;display:block" title="Origin and meaning of interpret" href="/word/interpret"><div class="word__name--TTbAA word_thumbnail__name--1khEg" style="font-size:18px">interpret<span class="word_thumbnail__name_icon--2RFFN"><i class="fa fa-chevron-right" style="font-size:16px"></i></span></div><section class="word__defination--2q7ZH undefined word__etymology_limit_line--3DeZW" style="cursor:pointer">late 14c., "expound the meaning of, render clear or explicit," from Old French interpreter "explain; translate" (13c.) and directly from Latin interpretari "explain, expound, understand," from interpres "agent, translator," from inter "between" (see inter-) + second element proba</section></a></div><div style="clear:both"></div></div><div class="word--C9UPa word_4pc--2SZw8" style="padding:10px 20px"><div><a class="recommended-word" rel="nofollow" data-recommended-type="complete" style="margin-bottom:5px;display:block" title="Origin and meaning of bedlam" href="/word/bedlam"><div class="word__name--TTbAA word_thumbnail__name--1khEg" style="font-size:18px">bedlam<span class="word_thumbnail__name_icon--2RFFN"><i class="fa fa-chevron-right" style="font-size:16px"></i></span></div><section class="word__defination--2q7ZH undefined word__etymology_limit_line--3DeZW" style="cursor:pointer">"scene of mad confusion," 1660s, from colloquial pronunciation of Bethlehem, short for "Hospital of Saint Mary of Bethlehem" in London, which was founded 1247 as a priory, mentioned as a hospital by 1330 and as a lunatic hospital by 1402. It was converted to a civic lunatic asylu</section></a></div><div style="clear:both"></div></div><div class="word--C9UPa word_4pc--2SZw8" style="padding:10px 20px"><div><a class="recommended-word" rel="nofollow" data-recommended-type="complete" style="margin-bottom:5px;display:block" title="Origin and meaning of Albuquerque" href="/word/Albuquerque"><div class="word__name--TTbAA word_thumbnail__name--1khEg" style="font-size:18px">Albuquerque<span class="word_thumbnail__name_icon--2RFFN"><i class="fa fa-chevron-right" style="font-size:16px"></i></span></div><section class="word__defination--2q7ZH undefined word__etymology_limit_line--3DeZW" style="cursor:pointer">city in New Mexico, founded 1706 and named for Spanish administrator and viceroy of Mexico Francisco Fernández de la Cueva, Duque de Alburquerque (1617-1676); the name subsequently was altered by association with Portuguese hero Alfonso d'Albuquerque (1453-1515), the "Portuguese </section></a></div><div style="clear:both"></div></div><div class="word--C9UPa word_4pc--2SZw8" style="padding:10px 20px"><div><a class="recommended-word" rel="nofollow" data-recommended-type="complete" style="margin-bottom:5px;display:block" title="Origin and meaning of chess" href="/word/chess"><div class="word__name--TTbAA word_thumbnail__name--1khEg" style="font-size:18px">chess<span class="word_thumbnail__name_icon--2RFFN"><i class="fa fa-chevron-right" style="font-size:16px"></i></span></div><section class="word__defination--2q7ZH undefined word__etymology_limit_line--3DeZW" style="cursor:pointer">very ancient game of skill with 32 pieces, played by two on a checkered board of 64 squares, 13c., from Old French esches "chessmen," plural of eschec "game of chess, chessboard; checkmate" (see check (n.1)), so called from the key move of the game. Modern French distinguishes éc</section></a></div><div style="clear:both"></div></div><div class="word--C9UPa word_4pc--2SZw8" style="padding:10px 20px"><div><a class="recommended-word" rel="nofollow" data-recommended-type="complete" style="margin-bottom:5px;display:block" title="Origin and meaning of silhouette" href="/word/silhouette"><div class="word__name--TTbAA word_thumbnail__name--1khEg" style="font-size:18px">silhouette<span class="word_thumbnail__name_icon--2RFFN"><i class="fa fa-chevron-right" style="font-size:16px"></i></span></div><section class="word__defination--2q7ZH undefined word__etymology_limit_line--3DeZW" style="cursor:pointer">"portrait in black showing the profile," 1798, from French silhouette, in reference to Étienne de Silhouette (1709-1767), French minister of finance in 1759. The usual reason given is that it was an inexpensive way to make a likeness of someone, and thus the name was a derisive r</section></a></div><div style="clear:both"></div></div><div class="word--C9UPa word_4pc--2SZw8" style="padding:10px 20px"><div><a class="recommended-word" rel="nofollow" data-recommended-type="complete" style="margin-bottom:5px;display:block" title="Origin and meaning of interpolate" href="/word/interpolate"><div class="word__name--TTbAA word_thumbnail__name--1khEg" style="font-size:18px">interpolate<span class="word_thumbnail__name_icon--2RFFN"><i class="fa fa-chevron-right" style="font-size:16px"></i></span></div><section class="word__defination--2q7ZH undefined word__etymology_limit_line--3DeZW" style="cursor:pointer">1610s, "to alter or enlarge (a writing) by inserting new material," from Latin interpolatus, past participle of interpolare "alter, freshen up, polish;" of writing, "falsify," from inter "among, between" (see inter-) + polare, which is related to polire "to smoothe, polish," from</section></a></div><div style="clear:both"></div></div><div class="word--C9UPa word_4pc--2SZw8" style="padding:10px 20px"><div><a class="recommended-word" rel="nofollow" data-recommended-type="complete" style="margin-bottom:5px;display:block" title="Origin and meaning of adaptation" href="/word/adaptation"><div class="word__name--TTbAA word_thumbnail__name--1khEg" style="font-size:18px">adaptation<span class="word_thumbnail__name_icon--2RFFN"><i class="fa fa-chevron-right" style="font-size:16px"></i></span></div><section class="word__defination--2q7ZH undefined word__etymology_limit_line--3DeZW" style="cursor:pointer">c. 1600, "action of adapting (something to something else)," from French adaptation, from Late Latin adaptationem (nominative adaptatio), noun of action from past-participle stem of adaptare "to adjust," from ad "to" (see ad-) + aptare "to join," from aptus "fitted" (see apt). Th</section></a></div><div style="clear:both"></div></div><div class="word--C9UPa word_4pc--2SZw8" style="padding:10px 20px"><div><a class="recommended-word" rel="nofollow" data-recommended-type="complete" style="margin-bottom:5px;display:block" title="Origin and meaning of nuance" href="/word/nuance"><div class="word__name--TTbAA word_thumbnail__name--1khEg" style="font-size:18px">nuance<span class="word_thumbnail__name_icon--2RFFN"><i class="fa fa-chevron-right" style="font-size:16px"></i></span></div><section class="word__defination--2q7ZH undefined word__etymology_limit_line--3DeZW" style="cursor:pointer">"slight or delicate degree of difference in expression, feeling, opinion, etc.," 1781, from French nuance "slight difference, shade of color" (17c.), from nuer "to shade," from nue "cloud," from Gallo-Roman *nuba, from Latin nubes "a cloud, mist, vapor," from PIE *sneudh- "fog" (</section></a></div><div style="clear:both"></div></div></div></div><div class="share-tool socialShare--223YS"><h3 title="Share Sardinia to social networks" class="socialShare__title--34iP2">Share <i>Sardinia</i></h3><div class="cite--1qJ-_ share-cite">‘<!-- -->cite<!-- -->’</div><a title="Share on Facebook" href="https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.etymonline.com%2Fword%2FSardinia" data-social-target="Facebook" target="blank" rel="nofollow" class="fa share socialShare__icon--3FJac socialShare__icon__facebook--2fm3U fa-facebook"></a><a title="Share on Twitter" href="https://twitter.com/share?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.etymonline.com%2Fword%2FSardinia&text=Sardinia%20%7C%20Etymology%20of%20the%20name%20Sardinia%20by%20etymonline" data-social-target="Twitter" target="blank" rel="nofollow" class="fa share socialShare__icon--3FJac socialShare__icon__twitter--1iFxf fa-twitter"></a><a title="Share on Reddit" href="https://www.reddit.com/submit?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.etymonline.com%2Fword%2FSardinia&title=Sardinia%20%7C%20Etymology%20of%20the%20name%20Sardinia%20by%20etymonline" data-social-target="Reddit" target="blank" rel="nofollow" class="fa share socialShare__icon--3FJac socialShare__icon__reddit--30bBu fa-reddit"></a><a title="Share on Email" href="mailto:?subject=Sardinia%20%7C%20Etymology%20of%20the%20name%20Sardinia%20by%20etymonline&body=Origin%20and%20history%20of%20the%20name%20Sardinia%3A%20large%20island%20west%20of%20Italy%2C%20Latin%2C%20from%20Greek%20Sard%C5%8D%2C%20Sard%C5%8Dn%3B%20perhaps%20named%20for%20the%20local%20Iberia%20...%20See%20more.%0Afrom%20https%3A%2F%2Fwww.etymonline.com%2Fword%2FSardinia%20Find%20out%20more%20at%20etymonline.com" data-social-target="Email" target="blank" rel="nofollow" class="fa share socialShare__icon--3FJac socialShare__icon__email--3hVBm fa-email"></a><div class="cite__content--3ghsO cite-content"><div class="cite__content_title--3ABWh">Page URL:</div><textarea class="cite__content_textarea--3zgJO cite-textarea" readonly="">https://www.etymonline.com/word/Sardinia</textarea><div class="cite__content_title--3ABWh">HTML Link:</div><textarea class="cite__content_textarea--3zgJO cite-textarea" readonly=""><a href="https://www.etymonline.com/word/Sardinia">Etymology of Sardinia by etymonline</a></textarea><div class="cite__content_title--3ABWh">APA style:</div><textarea class="cite__content_textarea--3zgJO cite-textarea" readonly="">Harper, D. (n.d.). Etymology of Sardinia. Online Etymology Dictionary. Retrieved $(datetime), from https://www.etymonline.com/word/Sardinia</textarea><div class="cite__content_title--3ABWh">Chicago style:</div><textarea class="cite__content_textarea--3zgJO cite-textarea" readonly="">Harper Douglas, “Etymology of Sardinia,” Online Etymology Dictionary, accessed $(datetime), https://www.etymonline.com/word/Sardinia.</textarea><div class="cite__content_title--3ABWh">MLA style:</div><textarea class="cite__content_textarea--3zgJO cite-textarea" readonly="">Harper, Douglas. “Etymology of Sardinia.” Online Etymology Dictionary, https://www.etymonline.com/word/Sardinia. Accessed $(datetimeMla).</textarea><div class="cite__content_title--3ABWh">IEEE style:</div><textarea class="cite__content_textarea--3zgJO cite-textarea" readonly="">D. Harper. “Etymology of Sardinia.” Online Etymology Dictionary. https://www.etymonline.com/word/Sardinia (accessed $(datetime)).</textarea></div></div><p class="wordDetail__date--3r7r8">updated on December 28, 2021</p><div data-ad-container="true" class="adContainer--6CVz1 vertical" style="margin-top:1em"><span class="adLabel--35hfi">Advertisement</span><ins class="adsbygoogle" data-ad-client="ca-pub-7093273770345366" style="display:block;width:100%" data-ad-slot="7656336158" data-ad-format="auto" data-full-width-responsive="true"></ins></div></div><div class="ant-col-xs-24 ant-col-sm-24 ant-col-md-24 ant-col-lg-6"><div data-ad-container="true" class="adContainer--6CVz1 removeAdsContainer--3mV2b horizontal"><a href="/premium?utm_source=remove_ads"><div class="removeAdsBtn--2W3KN">Remove ads ></div></a><span class="adLabel--35hfi">Advertisement</span><div id="div-gpt-ad-pc-wd-right" style="min-width:300px;min-height:250px"></div></div><div class="alphabetical--2oTZG"><h3 title="words in alphabetical order" class="h3_title">Dictionary entries near <i>Sardinia</i></h3><a title="Origin and meaning of sarcomere" target="" rel="nofollow" href="/word/sarcomere"><p class="alphabetical__word--3UeP2">sarcomere</p></a><a title="Origin and meaning of sarcophagi" target="" rel="nofollow" href="/word/sarcophagi"><p class="alphabetical__word--3UeP2">sarcophagi</p></a><a title="Origin and meaning of sarcophagus" target="" rel="nofollow" href="/word/sarcophagus"><p class="alphabetical__word--3UeP2">sarcophagus</p></a><a title="Origin and meaning of sarcophagy" target="" rel="nofollow" href="/word/sarcophagy"><p class="alphabetical__word--3UeP2">sarcophagy</p></a><a title="Origin and meaning of sardine" target="" rel="nofollow" href="/word/sardine"><p class="alphabetical__word--3UeP2">sardine</p></a><p class="alphabetical__word--3UeP2 alphabetical__active--FCYcm">Sardinia</p><a title="Origin and meaning of sardonic" target="" rel="nofollow" href="/word/sardonic"><p class="alphabetical__word--3UeP2">sardonic</p></a><a title="Origin and meaning of sargasso" target="" rel="nofollow" href="/word/sargasso"><p class="alphabetical__word--3UeP2">sargasso</p></a><a title="Origin and meaning of sarge" target="" rel="nofollow" href="/word/sarge"><p class="alphabetical__word--3UeP2">sarge</p></a><a title="Origin and meaning of sari" target="" rel="nofollow" href="/word/sari"><p class="alphabetical__word--3UeP2">sari</p></a><a title="Origin and meaning of Sarin" target="" rel="nofollow" href="/word/Sarin"><p class="alphabetical__word--3UeP2">Sarin</p></a></div></div></div></div><div class="alphabet--3sMXd"><ul class="alphabet__inner--2NEtM"><li class="alphabet__node--huwT8" title="Prefix, suffix and words starting with the letter A"><a rel="nofollow" href="/search?q=a">A</a></li><li class="alphabet__node--huwT8" title="Prefix, suffix and words starting with the letter B"><a rel="nofollow" href="/search?q=b">B</a></li><li class="alphabet__node--huwT8" title="Prefix, suffix and words starting with the letter C"><a rel="nofollow" href="/search?q=c">C</a></li><li class="alphabet__node--huwT8" title="Prefix, suffix and words starting with the letter D"><a rel="nofollow" href="/search?q=d">D</a></li><li class="alphabet__node--huwT8" title="Prefix, suffix and words starting with the letter E"><a rel="nofollow" href="/search?q=e">E</a></li><li class="alphabet__node--huwT8" title="Prefix, suffix and words starting with the letter F"><a rel="nofollow" href="/search?q=f">F</a></li><li class="alphabet__node--huwT8" title="Prefix, suffix and words starting with the letter G"><a rel="nofollow" href="/search?q=g">G</a></li><li class="alphabet__node--huwT8" title="Prefix, suffix and words starting with the letter H"><a rel="nofollow" href="/search?q=h">H</a></li><li class="alphabet__node--huwT8" title="Prefix, suffix and words starting with the letter I"><a rel="nofollow" href="/search?q=i">I</a></li><li class="alphabet__node--huwT8" title="Prefix, suffix and words starting with the letter J"><a rel="nofollow" href="/search?q=j">J</a></li><li class="alphabet__node--huwT8" title="Prefix, suffix and words starting with the letter K"><a rel="nofollow" href="/search?q=k">K</a></li><li class="alphabet__node--huwT8" title="Prefix, suffix and words starting with the letter L"><a rel="nofollow" href="/search?q=l">L</a></li><li class="alphabet__node--huwT8" title="Prefix, suffix and words starting with the letter M"><a rel="nofollow" href="/search?q=m">M</a></li><li class="alphabet__node--huwT8" title="Prefix, suffix and words starting with the letter N"><a rel="nofollow" href="/search?q=n">N</a></li><li class="alphabet__node--huwT8" title="Prefix, suffix and words starting with the letter O"><a rel="nofollow" href="/search?q=o">O</a></li><li class="alphabet__node--huwT8" title="Prefix, suffix and words starting with the letter P"><a rel="nofollow" href="/search?q=p">P</a></li><li class="alphabet__node--huwT8" title="Prefix, suffix and words starting with the letter Q"><a rel="nofollow" href="/search?q=q">Q</a></li><li class="alphabet__node--huwT8" title="Prefix, suffix and words starting with the letter R"><a rel="nofollow" href="/search?q=r">R</a></li><li class="alphabet__node--huwT8" title="Prefix, suffix and words starting with the letter S"><a rel="nofollow" href="/search?q=s">S</a></li><li class="alphabet__node--huwT8" title="Prefix, suffix and words starting with the letter T"><a rel="nofollow" href="/search?q=t">T</a></li><li class="alphabet__node--huwT8" title="Prefix, suffix and words starting with the letter U"><a rel="nofollow" href="/search?q=u">U</a></li><li class="alphabet__node--huwT8" title="Prefix, suffix and words starting with the letter V"><a rel="nofollow" href="/search?q=v">V</a></li><li class="alphabet__node--huwT8" title="Prefix, suffix and words starting with the letter W"><a rel="nofollow" href="/search?q=w">W</a></li><li class="alphabet__node--huwT8" title="Prefix, suffix and words starting with the letter X"><a rel="nofollow" href="/search?q=x">X</a></li><li class="alphabet__node--huwT8" title="Prefix, suffix and words starting with the letter Y"><a rel="nofollow" href="/search?q=y">Y</a></li><li class="alphabet__node--huwT8" title="Prefix, suffix and words starting with the letter Z"><a rel="nofollow" href="/search?q=z">Z</a></li></ul></div><div class="footer--zLQrv"><div class="footer__info--3VNMU"><div class="footer__info_inner--1aVeV"><div><p class="footer__info_title--3LoBd">LINKS</p><a rel="" href="https://forum.etymonline.com" class="footer__info_node--3T-ZQ">Forum</a><a rel="nofollow" href="/columns/post/sources" class="footer__info_node--3T-ZQ">Full List of Sources</a><a rel="nofollow" href="/columns/post/links" class="footer__info_node--3T-ZQ">Links</a></div><div><p class="footer__info_title--3LoBd">PRODUCTS</p><a rel="nofollow" href="https://apps.apple.com/app/apple-store/id813629612?pt=33423801&ct=etymonline_footer&mt=8" class="footer__info_node--3T-ZQ">iOS App</a><a rel="nofollow" href="https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.etymonline.app&referrer=utm_source%3Detymonline_webfooter" class="footer__info_node--3T-ZQ">Android App</a><a rel="nofollow" href="https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/etymonline/giehjnnlopapngdjbjjgddpaagoimmgl?utm_source=link_footer" class="footer__info_node--3T-ZQ">Chrome Extension</a></div><div><p class="footer__info_title--3LoBd">ABOUT</p><a rel="nofollow" href="/columns/post/bio" class="footer__info_node--3T-ZQ">Who Did This</a><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.etymonline.com/columns/post/abbr" class="footer__info_node--3T-ZQ">Introduction and Explanation</a><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.facebook.com/etymonline?utm_source=etymonline_footer&utm_medium=link_exchange" class="footer__info_node--3T-ZQ">Follow on Facebook</a></div><div><p class="footer__info_title--3LoBd">SUPPORT</p><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.paypal.com/cgi-bin/webscr?cmd=_donations&business=byronic106@yahoo.com&lc=US&item_name=Donation+to +Help+Keep+Etymonline+Free+and+Open&no_note=0&cn=&curency_code=USD&bn=PP-DonationsBF:btn_donateCC_LG.gif:NonHosted" class="footer__info_node--3T-ZQ">Donate with PayPal</a><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.redbubble.com/people/godgifu/shop?artistUserName=godgifu&collections=1692216&utm_source=etymonline_footer" class="footer__info_node--3T-ZQ">Ye Olde Swag Shoppe</a><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.patreon.com/etymonline?utm_source=etymonline.com&utm_campaign=footer_link&utm_medium=website" class="footer__info_node--3T-ZQ">Support on Patreon</a></div></div></div><div class="footer__link--1RSEJ footer__link_padding--1oYre"><div class="footer__link_inner--KP2Wz"><div><a href="mailto:etymonline@protonmail.com" title="Douglas Harper" rel="nofollow">© 2001-2024<!-- --> <!-- -->Douglas Harper</a><span style="color:#888"> | </span><a href="https://www.etymonline.com/legal/terms" title="Terms of Service" rel="nofollow">Terms of Service</a><span style="color:#888"> | </span><a href="https://www.etymonline.com/legal/privacy" title="Privacy Policy" rel="nofollow">Privacy Policy</a></div><div style="position:relative"><span id="language-change" class="footer__language_label--1E9_x">English (English)<!-- --> <svg width="10" height="12" viewBox="0 0 10 12" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M5 0L0 5H10L5 0ZM0 7L5 12L10 7H0Z" fill="#858585"></path></svg></span><ul id="language-selector" class="footer__language--H9nbK"><li class="footer__language_item--1nkwO" style="display:none"><a href="/word/Sardinia">English (English)</a></li><li class="footer__language_item--1nkwO"><a href="/cn/word/Sardinia">简体中文 (Chinese)</a></li><li class="footer__language_item--1nkwO"><a href="/de/word/Sardinia">Deutsch (German)</a></li><li class="footer__language_item--1nkwO"><a href="/es/word/Sardinia">Español (Spanish)</a></li><li class="footer__language_item--1nkwO"><a href="/fr/word/Sardinia">Français (French)</a></li><li class="footer__language_item--1nkwO"><a href="/it/word/Sardinia">Italiano (Italian)</a></li><li class="footer__language_item--1nkwO"><a href="/jp/word/Sardinia">日本語 (Japanese)</a></li><li class="footer__language_item--1nkwO"><a href="/kr/word/Sardinia">한국어 (Korean)</a></li><li class="footer__language_item--1nkwO"><a href="/pt/word/Sardinia">Português (Portuguese)</a></li><li class="footer__language_item--1nkwO"><a href="/tw/word/Sardinia">繁體中文 (Chinese)</a></li></ul></div></div></div></div><div class="backtop"><div class="backtop-content"><i class="fa fa-arrow-up"></i></div></div></div></div></div> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-YGHSRMYRTV"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-YGHSRMYRTV', { 'custom_map': {'dimension1': 'UserRole'} }); gtag('event', 'user_role_set', {'UserRole': 'guest'}); </script> <script data-react-helmet="true" src="https://cdn.etymonline.com/projects/etymonline-main-v3/jquery-3.2.1.min.js"></script><script data-react-helmet="true" src="https://cdn.etymonline.com/projects/etymonline-main-v3/remove-ads-iconfont.js?t=10"></script><script data-react-helmet="true" src="https://cdn.etymonline.com/projects/etymonline-main-v3/plugins.2ad87a733ad1b7fbd7d2.js" async="true"></script><script data-react-helmet="true" type="text/javascript"> 'use strict';var extensionBait=document.querySelector('.extensionHint'),isChrome=navigator.userAgent.indexOf('Chrome')>-1,bannerExtension=document.querySelector('.bait'),hintClose=document.querySelector('.hint-closer');!extensionBait||!isChrome||bannerExtension||window.localStorage.getItem('etymonline-extension-installed')||window.localStorage.getItem('extension_banner_clicked')||setTimeout(function(){extensionBait.style.marginTop=0},1e3),hintClose&&hintClose.addEventListener('click',function(){extensionBait.style.marginTop='-64px',window.localStorage.setItem('extension_banner_clicked',!0)}),extensionBait&&extensionBait.addEventListener('click',function(){}); </script><script data-react-helmet="true" type="application/ld+json"> [{ "@context": "https://schema.org", "@type": "WebSite", "@id": "https://www.etymonline.com#website", "url": "https://www.etymonline.com", "name": "Etymonline", "alternateName": "Online Etymology Dictionary", "potentialAction": { "@type": "SearchAction", "target": "https://www.etymonline.com/search?q={search_term_string}&utm_campaign=sd&utm_medium=serp&utm_source=ds_search", "query-input": "required name=search_term_string" } }, { "@context": "https://schema.org", "@type": "WebPage", "name": "Sardinia | Etymology of the name Sardinia by etymonline", "url": "https://www.etymonline.com/word/Sardinia", "description": "Origin and history of the name Sardinia: large island west of Italy, Latin, from Greek Sardō, Sardōn; perhaps named for the local Iberia ... See more.", "inLanguage": "en", "isPartOf": { "@id": "https://www.etymonline.com#website" } }, { "@context": "https://schema.org", "@type": ["DefinedTermSet", "Book"], "@id": "https://www.etymonline.com", "name": "Dictionary and etymology by etymonline", "description": "An online etymology dictionary providing the origin and history of English words" }, { "@context": "https://schema.org", "@type": "DefinedTerm", "@id": "https://www.etymonline.com/word/Sardinia", "name": "Sardinia", "inDefinedTermSet": "https://www.etymonline.com" }] </script><script data-react-helmet="true" >"serviceWorker"in navigator&&navigator.serviceWorker.getRegistrations().then(function(e){for(let r of e)r.unregister()});</script><script data-react-helmet="true" >googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.defineSlot('/21669543020/pc_wd_right', [300, 250], 'div-gpt-ad-pc-wd-right').setTargeting("refresh", 'true').addService(googletag.pubads()); googletag.defineSlot('/21669543020/pc_wd_top', [728, 90], 'div-gpt-ad-pc-wd-top').setTargeting("refresh", 'true').addService(googletag.pubads()); var SECONDS_TO_WAIT_AFTER_VIEWABILITY = 105; // Object to keep track of the number of refreshes per slot var slotRefreshes = {}; googletag.pubads().addEventListener('impressionViewable', function(event) { var slot = event.slot; // Initialize the count for this slot if it's the first time if (!slotRefreshes[slot.getSlotElementId()]) { slotRefreshes[slot.getSlotElementId()] = 0; } if (slot.getTargeting("refresh").indexOf("true") > -1) { const refreshTime = Math.floor(Math.random() * 15) + SECONDS_TO_WAIT_AFTER_VIEWABILITY; // Only refresh the slot if it has been refreshed less than 3 times if (slotRefreshes[slot.getSlotElementId()] < 3) { setTimeout(function() { console.log("reload", slot.getSlotElementId()); apstag.fetchBids({ slots: [{ slotID: slot.getSlotElementId(), slotName: slot.getAdUnitPath(), sizes: slot.getSizes().map(function(size) { return [size.getWidth(), size.getHeight()]; }) }], timeout: 2e3 }, function(bids) { googletag.cmd.push(function() { apstag.setDisplayBids(); googletag.pubads().refresh([slot]); }); }); // Increment the refresh count for this slot slotRefreshes[slot.getSlotElementId()]++; }, refreshTime * 1000); } } }); googletag.pubads().disableInitialLoad(); googletag.pubads().enableSingleRequest(); googletag.enableServices(); }); </script><script data-react-helmet="true" >!function(a9,a,p,s,t,A,g){if(a[a9])return;function q(c,r){a[a9]._Q.push([c,r])}a[a9]={init:function(){q("i",arguments)},fetchBids:function(){q("f",arguments)},setDisplayBids:function(){},targetingKeys:function(){return[]},_Q:[]};A=p.createElement(s);A.async=!0;A.src=t;g=p.getElementsByTagName(s)[0];g.parentNode.insertBefore(A,g)}("apstag",window,document,"script","//c.amazon-adsystem.com/aax2/apstag.js"); apstag.init({ pubID: '7013ff7d-a08e-4dca-9729-1643e28c88b5', adServer: 'googletag' }); // Fetch bids from APS apstag.fetchBids({ slots: [{ slotID: 'div-gpt-ad-pc-wd-right', slotName: '/21669543020/pc_wd_right', sizes: [[300, 250]] }, { slotID: 'div-gpt-ad-pc-wd-top', slotName: '/21669543020/pc_wd_top', sizes: [[728, 90]] }], timeout: 2e3 }, function(bids) { // Set apstag targeting on googletag, then display the slots googletag.cmd.push(function(){ apstag.setDisplayBids(); googletag.pubads().refresh(); }); googletag.cmd.push(function(){ googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-pc-wd-right'); googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-pc-wd-top'); }); }); </script><script data-react-helmet="true" type="text/javascript"> $('section').click(function(e) { if(e.target.className === 'crossreference' && e.target.nodeName === 'SPAN') { location.href = window.location.origin + '/word/' + e.target.innerText } }) $('a[data-more]').hover( function() { $(this).find('.fa-chevron-right').animate({ opacity: 1 }, 100); }, function() { $(this).find('.fa-chevron-right').animate({ opacity: 0 }, 100); }) $('.word-relation-see-more').click(function(e) { $(this).css('display', 'none'); $(this).prev().css({'max-height': '100%'}); }) </script><script data-react-helmet="true" > function generateChart() { const startYear = 1800; const data = [{"label":"Sardinia","data":[0.000006169580046844203,0.0000059272381804476025,0.000005389047995170889,0.000005304202719950505,0.000005070669734171436,0.0000050641440490532355,0.000004832471192154723,0.000004699302917288151,0.000004869802008518794,0.000004975900386246697,0.000004839599750994239,0.0000047066911065485325,0.000004598588096390206,0.0000045226556570317674,0.000004376100393225594,0.000004290301558285137,0.000004411356394484756,0.00000445826137062492,0.000004438109923891413,0.000004384930965291763,0.000004214326766790085,0.000004261255480741966,0.000004283923514473524,0.0000039161181575764205,0.0000037194430054417658,0.0000035077574617995803,0.000003490211990235063,0.0000034480666424011967,0.0000033812012892061223,0.0000033571719995961757,0.000003305974860268179,0.000003230299944334547,0.000003173563209202257,0.0000031615749321645125,0.000003221479573767283,0.0000032081272668923097,0.0000030937573683331722,0.0000030743695939842534,0.0000031983563985704675,0.0000032488560615699194,0.000003310453197021464,0.0000034026960747723932,0.0000037630723303057796,0.000003825673396325632,0.000003907156754697401,0.000004008711357528227,0.000004073556040869638,0.000004161178821959766,0.000004381083908810979,0.000004595679729391122,0.000004732363428653722,0.0000049774544853183516,0.00000568772699504431,0.000006132305164404291,0.000006564274660073958,0.000006710569747762444,0.000006614579494150045,0.000006320010470517445,0.0000062843868666580725,0.000006187255182036703,0.000006101118045383676,0.0000060116122161465075,0.000005895731874261401,0.000005625509068825826,0.000005310715975307782,0.000005079110921239286,0.000004796961305449562,0.000003997854188734588,0.0000034964400735285986,0.0000029600272682728245,0.0000027347902232577325,0.0000026766698283609004,0.000002615655300057066,0.0000025514726682255666,0.0000024944975090572067,0.000002443973865714118,0.0000024271198981296037,0.0000023973178864859316,0.000002389015791474473,0.000002331376511695756,0.000002315871824976057,0.0000022591618365671215,0.0000022451588165495196,0.0000021459717648516136,0.000002125411697306845,0.0000020923899304155685,0.0000020386071052295545,0.0000019680753742553255,0.0000019167702172732485,0.0000018995020430641791,0.0000018599623293387897,0.0000018264845721205346,0.0000018219222738480313,0.0000017634861478654783,0.0000017491338591450281,0.0000017233558082807576,0.0000017183176775385315,0.0000016902463054672503,0.0000016418338949127549,0.0000016149810562637867,0.0000016076365530655796,0.0000016053356982107895,0.000001591106138221221,0.000001568307819373634,0.0000015684918253100477,0.0000015488082453885,0.0000015117945319313246,0.0000014636897882761938,0.0000014253151221055305,0.0000013766790554351852,0.0000013330268150942478,0.0000013080002797020521,0.000001263425785206588,0.0000012440364798749215,0.0000012117239748477005,0.0000011641600697961016,0.000001173827058664756,0.0000011455856641381009,0.0000011245098827809367,0.0000010869755593982214,0.0000010852886892583533,0.0000010857897223104374,0.000001108052788367786,0.0000011519977533680504,0.0000011719290000655747,0.0000011945537532180121,0.0000011875486658633842,0.0000012058319574255923,0.0000011903992420532935,0.0000011847208952531218,0.000001193952690906978,0.0000011562663227474937,0.0000011464036409355079,0.0000011241177314028997,0.0000010924606992072465,0.000001060452768797404,0.000001066061918209016,0.0000010634251414861259,0.0000010164983526313638,9.954914844456652e-7,9.785617559524931e-7,9.778361610794188e-7,9.689471615577835e-7,9.616529420479006e-7,9.763340055239192e-7,9.662415777711431e-7,9.65336600226389e-7,9.92425126848199e-7,9.93156485643946e-7,0.0000010025912501987478,0.0000010160946696184206,0.0000010014003275197562,9.798756423151645e-7,9.758660591311733e-7,0.000001012234474728757,0.0000010249578357009644,0.0000010335865226807072,0.0000010328710838318026,0.0000010427927653230047,0.0000010394245502235814,0.0000010371644558896757,0.000001042920284059316,0.0000010409043890528362,0.0000010562335622428993,0.0000010545407008066831,0.0000010481980477076528,0.0000010344371200214178,0.0000010207094267874102,0.0000010150311823053925,9.590438291221895e-7,9.206865039838401e-7,8.973095532383013e-7,8.728090392651211e-7,8.559012902272418e-7,8.286524196895092e-7,8.078686505541554e-7,7.794594277280946e-7,7.450734869962617e-7,7.235564491262873e-7,7.094068071940759e-7,7.045432880659064e-7,6.90980308111951e-7,6.905182506973991e-7,6.914265024230796e-7,6.946089873357171e-7,7.046270828444297e-7,7.116875887428857e-7,7.165896780255328e-7,7.162516718987414e-7,7.262862785258525e-7,7.342687050974442e-7,7.498736901349427e-7,7.569032050014357e-7,7.553753637997337e-7,7.621346223155948e-7,7.649605549886474e-7,7.699806928940234e-7,7.798415784539732e-7,7.768445281423434e-7,7.870363030330433e-7,7.916245560105987e-7,7.905302027211292e-7,7.902017159722163e-7,8.048657415808218e-7,8.077917717249268e-7,8.082436541675027e-7,8.124186706481851e-7,8.162285212165443e-7,8.165454611723059e-7,8.232652476181102e-7,8.171245591862923e-7,8.254076230211164e-7,8.233383141487139e-7,8.279875365652905e-7,8.272862846052493e-7,8.284836544210824e-7,8.352960931419644e-7,8.448643143310619e-7,8.264326728143109e-7,8.261751176519283e-7]}]; const datasets = data.map(dataset => { return { label: dataset.label, data: dataset.data.map((value, index) => { return { x: startYear + index, y: value * 1e6 }; }), fill: false, tension: 0.1, pointRadius: 1, pointHitRadius: 3, }; }); const ctx = document.getElementById('ngram-chart').getContext('2d'); const chart=new Chart(ctx,{type:"line",data:{datasets:datasets},options:{maintainAspectRatio:false,responsive:true,interaction:{mode:"index",intersect:false},scales:{x:{type:"linear",title:{display:false},ticks:{autoSkip:true,maxTicksLimit:20,callback:function(value){return value.toString().replace(/,/g,"")}},min:1800,max:2019},y:{type:"linear",title:{display:true,text:"Frequency (per million)"}}},plugins:{tooltip:{mode:"index",callbacks:{title:function(context){const firstPoint=context[0];return firstPoint.parsed.x.toString().replace(/,/g,"")}}},legend:{display: datasets.length > 1,labels:{color:"#83001d",font:{size:14,weight:"bold"}},onHover:function(event,legendItem,legend){event.native.target.style.cursor="pointer"},onLeave:function(event,legendItem,legend){event.native.target.style.cursor="default"}}}},plugins:[{beforeDatasetsDraw:(chart)=>{if(chart.tooltip?._active?.length){let x=chart.tooltip._active[0].element.x;let yAxis=chart.scales.y;let ctx=chart.ctx;ctx.save();ctx.beginPath();ctx.moveTo(x,yAxis.top);ctx.lineTo(x,yAxis.bottom);ctx.lineWidth=1;ctx.strokeStyle="#9b9b9b";ctx.stroke();ctx.restore()}}}]}); } </script><script data-react-helmet="true" src="https://cdn.etymonline.com/projects/etymonline-main-v3/chart.js" onLoad="generateChart()" async="true"></script><script data-react-helmet="true" > $('.share-cite').click(function(e) { $(this).toggleClass('cite-checked'); const checked = $(this).hasClass('cite-checked'); if (checked) { $('.cite-content').slideDown() } else { $('.cite-content').slideUp() } }) function selectText(element) { if (document.selection) { var range = document.body.createTextRange(); range.moveToElementText(element); range.select(); } else if (window.getSelection) { var range = document.createRange(); range.selectNodeContents(element); window.getSelection().removeAllRanges(); window.getSelection().addRange(range); } } $('.cite-textarea').click(function () { selectText($(this)[0]) }); $(document).ready(function () { const monthNames = ["January", "February", "March", "April", "May", "June", "July", "August", "September", "October", "November", "December"]; const d = new Date(), month = monthNames[d.getMonth()], day = '' + d.getDate(), year = d.getFullYear(); $(".cite-textarea").each(function (i, e) { const newText = $(this).text() .replace('$(datetime)', month + " " + day + "," + " " + year) .replace('$(datetimeMla)', day + " " + month + "," + " " + year) $(this).text(newText) }); setTimeout(() => {const hash='#'+(window.location.hash.substring(1)||'_');const offset = $(hash).offset();if (offset) $([document.documentElement, document.body]).animate({scrollTop: offset.top}, 300);}, 500); }); </script><script data-react-helmet="true" type="text/javascript">'use strict';function addADJS(){var b=document.createElement('script');b.src='//pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-7093273770345366',b.async=!0,document.body.appendChild(b)}var script=document.createElement('script');document.querySelectorAll('.adsbygoogle').forEach(function(){script.text+='(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});'});addADJS();document.body.appendChild(script);</script><script data-react-helmet="true" > $(window).on('scroll', function() { if($(this).scrollTop() > 300) { $('.backtop').show('fast') } else { $('.backtop').hide('fast') } }) $('.backtop').click(function() { $('body,html').animate({ scrollTop: 0 }, 500) }) </script> </body> </html>