CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">     <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="fr" xml:lang="fr" xmlns:og="http://ogp.me/ns#" xmlns:fb="http://ogp.me/ns/fb#"> <head> <title>Methods for the Application of Programmable Logic Devices in Electronic Protection Systems for High Energy Particle Accelerators - CERN Document Server</title> <link href='https://framework.web.cern.ch/framework/2.0/fonts/PTSansWeb/PTSansWeb.css' rel='stylesheet' type='text/css' /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cds.cern.ch/img/invenio.css?v=20141127" type="text/css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cds.cern.ch/img/cern_theme/css/cern_theme.css?v=20141127" type="text/css" /> <link rel="stylesheet"href="/css/font-awesome.min.css"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"/> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cds.cern.ch/img/cern_toolbar/css/toolbar.css" type="text/css" />    <link rel="canonical" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/1632194" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="el" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/1632194?ln=el" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="fr" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/1632194?ln=fr" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="bg" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/1632194?ln=bg" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-TW" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/1632194?ln=zh_TW" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="pt" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/1632194?ln=pt" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="no" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/1632194?ln=no" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="hr" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/1632194?ln=hr" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="ca" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/1632194?ln=ca" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="de" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/1632194?ln=de" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="it" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/1632194?ln=it" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-CN" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/1632194?ln=zh_CN" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="sv" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/1632194?ln=sv" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="sk" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/1632194?ln=sk" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="en" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/1632194?ln=en" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="pl" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/1632194?ln=pl" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="ru" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/1632194?ln=ru" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="ka" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/1632194?ln=ka" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="ja" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/1632194?ln=ja" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="es" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/1632194?ln=es" /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="CERN Document Server RSS" href="/rss?ln=fr" /> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="https://cds.cern.ch/opensearchdescription" title="CERN Document Server" /> <link rel="unapi-server" type="application/xml" title="unAPI" href="https://cds.cern.ch/unapi" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/apple-touch-icon.png"/> <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" href="/apple-touch-icon-precomposed.png"/> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <meta http-equiv="Content-Language" content="fr" /> <meta name="description" content="The present thesis was realised within the framework of the Doctoral Student programme at the European Organisation for Nuclear Research CERN, which is situated near Geneva. The aim of this thesis was to develop a method for reliable firmware implementation and to use that method to implement a new firmware for the Safe Machine Parameters (SMP) system. That system relies heavily on the Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA) and it is one of the key machine protection systems of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The conception of the SMP hardware originates from the fully tested Beam Interlock System (BIS) being a result of another PhD thesis. For that reason the reliable SMP hardware was preserved unchanged. The first version of the SMP was ready for the LHC startup in the year 2008. Nevertheless the quality of the SMP firmware was objectionable. There were new requirements and therefore the SMP specification was extended. On that occasion it was decided that the existing SMP firmware will not be continued and that it should be started from scratch. For the new version the firmware implementation should be carried out on the basis of the strictly defined approach, which will ensure high quality and therefore reliability of the SMP. The starting point of the work was the IEC~61508 standard, which was supposed to be matched for the specific needs of the facility carrying out the high energy physics experiments like CERN. As the result of that thesis a full electronic protection system lifecycle was proposed, form the conception through the risk analysis to the implementation and deployment. The method proposed was applied to the critical firmware implementation of the SMP. Examples of the most critical functions realised by the SMP system are shown in the final chapters of the thesis. The second version of the SMP was deployed to be used in the LHC accelerator in the year 2010. Since then it performs its role without failures and therefore it is foreseen to be operated without any changes up to the end of the LHC project. The second result of the thesis is the proposed lifecycle, which can be used for the evaluation of the existing project or for the implementation of the new programmable protection systems for the high energy particle experiments at CERN or in the similar scientific laboratory. Kwiatkowski, Maciej" /> <meta name="keywords" content="CERN Document Server, WebSearch, CERN Document Server" /> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cds.cern.ch/js/jquery.min.js"></script>  <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cds.cern.ch/img/webnews.css" type="text/css" />  <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cds.cern.ch/js/webnews.js?v=20131009"></script> <meta property="fb:app_id" content="137353533001720"/> <script type="text/x-mathjax-config"> MathJax.Hub.Config({ tex2jax: {inlineMath: [['$','$']], processEscapes: true}, showProcessingMessages: false, messageStyle: "none" }); </script> <script src="/MathJax/MathJax.js?config=TeX-AMS_CHTML" type="text/javascript"> </script>  <meta content="Methods for the Application of Programmable Logic Devices in Electronic Protection Systems for High Energy Particle Accelerators" name="citation_title" /> <meta content="Kwiatkowski, Maciej" name="citation_author" /> <meta name="citation_online_date" content="2013/11/28"> <meta content="CERN-THESIS-2013-216" name="citation_technical_report_number" /> <meta content="Warsaw U. of Tech." name="citation_dissertation_institution" /> <meta name="citation_pdf_url" content="https://cds.cern.ch/record/1632194/files/CERN-THESIS-2013-216.pdf" />  <meta content="Methods for the Application of Programmable Logic Devices in Electronic Protection Systems for High Energy Particle Accelerators" property="og:title" /> <meta content="Metody aplikacji programowalnych struktur logicznych w elektronicznych systemach zabezpieczen akceleratorow czastek wysokich energii" property="og:title" /> <meta content="website" property="og:type" /> <meta content="https://cds.cern.ch/record/1632194" property="og:url" /> <meta content="CERN Document Server" property="og:site_name" /> <meta content="The present thesis was realised within the framework of the Doctoral Student programme at the European Organisation for Nuclear Research CERN, which is situated near Geneva. The aim of this thesis was to develop a method for reliable firmware implementation and to use that method to implement a new firmware for the Safe Machine Parameters (SMP) system. That system relies heavily on the Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA) and it is one of the key machine protection systems of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The conception of the SMP hardware originates from the fully tested Beam Interlock System (BIS) being a result of another PhD thesis. For that reason the reliable SMP hardware was preserved unchanged. The first version of the SMP was ready for the LHC startup in the year 2008. Nevertheless the quality of the SMP firmware was objectionable. There were new requirements and therefore the SMP specification was extended. On that occasion it was decided that the existing SMP firmware will not be continued and that it should be started from scratch. For the new version the firmware implementation should be carried out on the basis of the strictly defined approach, which will ensure high quality and therefore reliability of the SMP. The starting point of the work was the IEC~61508 standard, which was supposed to be matched for the specific needs of the facility carrying out the high energy physics experiments like CERN. As the result of that thesis a full electronic protection system lifecycle was proposed, form the conception through the risk analysis to the implementation and deployment. The method proposed was applied to the critical firmware implementation of the SMP. Examples of the most critical functions realised by the SMP system are shown in the final chapters of the thesis. The second version of the SMP was deployed to be used in the LHC accelerator in the year 2010. Since then it performs its role without failures and therefore it is foreseen to be operated without any changes up to the end of the LHC project. The second result of the thesis is the proposed lifecycle, which can be used for the evaluation of the existing project or for the implementation of the new programmable protection systems for the high energy particle experiments at CERN or in the similar scientific laboratory." property="og:description" />  <meta content="summary" name="twitter:card" /> <style></style> </head> <body class="CERN32Document32Server search" lang="fr">  <div id="cern-toolbar"> <h1><a href="http://cern.ch" title="CERN">CERN <span>Accélérateur de science</span></a></h1> <ul> <li class="cern-accountlinks"><a class="cern-account" href="https://cds.cern.ch/youraccount/login?ln=fr&referer=https%3A//cds.cern.ch/record/1632194%3Fln%3Dfr" title="Sign in to your CERN account">Connexion</a></li> <li><a class="cern-directory" href="http://cern.ch/directory" title="Search CERN resources and browse the directory">Liens utiles</a></li> </ul> </div>   <div role="banner" class="clearfix" id="header"> <div class="header-inner inner"> <hgroup class="clearfix"> <h2 id="site-name"> <a rel="home" title="Home" href="/"><span>CERN Document Server</span></a> </h2> <h3 id="site-slogan">Articles, rapports et multimédia de la physique des hautes énergies</h3> </hgroup> <div role="navigation" id="main-navigation" class="cdsmenu"> <h2 class="element-invisible">Main menu</h2><ul class="links inline clearfix"> <li class="menu-386 first active-trail"><a class="active-trail" href="https://cds.cern.ch/?ln=fr">Recherche</a></li> <li class="menu-444 "><a class="" title="" href="https://cds.cern.ch/submit?ln=fr">Soumettre</a></li> <li class="menu-426 "><a class="" href="https://cds.cern.ch/help/?ln=fr">Aide</a></li> <li class="leaf hassubcdsmenu"> <a hreflang="en" class="header" href="https://cds.cern.ch/youraccount/display?ln=fr">Personnaliser</a> <ul class="subsubcdsmenu"><li><a href="https://cds.cern.ch/youralerts/list?ln=fr">Vos alertes</a></li><li><a href="https://cds.cern.ch/yourbaskets/display?ln=fr">Vos paniers</a></li><li><a href="https://cds.cern.ch/yourcomments?ln=fr">Vos commentaires</a></li><li><a href="https://cds.cern.ch/youralerts/display?ln=fr">Vos recherches</a></li></ul></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div>  <table class="navtrailbox"> <tr> <td class="navtrailboxbody"> <a href="/?ln=fr" class="navtrail">Accueil</a> > Methods for the Application of Programmable Logic Devices in Electronic Protection Systems for High Energy Particle Accelerators </td> </tr> </table> </div> <div class="pagebody"><div class="pagebodystripemiddle"> <div class="detailedrecordbox"> <div class="detailedrecordtabs"> <div> <ul class="detailedrecordtabs"><li class="on first"><a href="/record/1632194/?ln=fr">Informations </a></li><li class=""><a href="/record/1632194/files?ln=fr">Fichiers </a></li></ul> <div id="tabsSpacer" style="clear:both;height:0px"> </div></div> </div> <div class="detailedrecordboxcontent"> <div class="top-left-folded"></div> <div class="top-right-folded"></div> <div class="inside">  <abbr class="unapi-id" title="1632194"></abbr> <style type="text/css">  </style> <script type="text/javascript" src="/js/pdf-previewer-append-to-table.js"></script> <table class="formatRecordTableFullWidth" > <tr> <td class="formatRecordHeader" style="background-image: url('https://cds.cern.ch/img/journals.jpg');" colspan="2"> Thesis </td> </tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> Report number </td><td style="padding-left:5px;">CERN-THESIS-2013-216</td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> Title </td><td style="padding-left:5px;"><b>Methods for the Application of Programmable Logic Devices in Electronic Protection Systems for High Energy Particle Accelerators</b></td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> Translation of title </td><td style="padding-left:5px;">Metody aplikacji programowalnych struktur logicznych w elektronicznych systemach zabezpieczen akceleratorow czastek wysokich energii</td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">Author(s)</span> </td><td style="padding-left:5px;"><a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Kwiatkowski%2C%20Maciej&ln=fr">Kwiatkowski, Maciej</a> (Warsaw U. of Tech.)</td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> Publication </td><td style="padding-left:5px;">161.</td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> Thesis note </td><td style="padding-left:5px;">PhD : Warsaw U. of Tech. : 2013</td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> Thesis supervisor(s) </td><td style="padding-left:5px;"><a href="/search?f=author&p=Romaniuk, Ryszard">Romaniuk, Ryszard</a> ; <a href="/search?f=author&p=Todd, Benjamin">Todd, Benjamin</a></td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> Note </td><td style="padding-left:5px;">Presented 2014</td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> Subject category </td><td style="padding-left:5px;">Engineering ; Computing and Computers ; Accelerators and Storage Rings</td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> Abstract </td><td style="padding-left:5px;">The present thesis was realised within the framework of the Doctoral Student programme at the European Organisation for Nuclear Research CERN, which is situated near Geneva. The aim of this thesis was to develop a method for reliable firmware implementation and to use that method to implement a new firmware for the Safe Machine Parameters (SMP) system. That system relies heavily on the Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA) and it is one of the key machine protection systems of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The conception of the SMP hardware originates from the fully tested Beam Interlock System (BIS) being a result of another PhD thesis. For that reason the reliable SMP hardware was preserved unchanged. The first version of the SMP was ready for the LHC startup in the year 2008. Nevertheless the quality of the SMP firmware was objectionable. There were new requirements and therefore the SMP specification was extended. On that occasion it was decided that the existing SMP firmware will not be continued and that it should be started from scratch. For the new version the firmware implementation should be carried out on the basis of the strictly defined approach, which will ensure high quality and therefore reliability of the SMP. The starting point of the work was the IEC~61508 standard, which was supposed to be matched for the specific needs of the facility carrying out the high energy physics experiments like CERN. As the result of that thesis a full electronic protection system lifecycle was proposed, form the conception through the risk analysis to the implementation and deployment. The method proposed was applied to the critical firmware implementation of the SMP. Examples of the most critical functions realised by the SMP system are shown in the final chapters of the thesis. The second version of the SMP was deployed to be used in the LHC accelerator in the year 2010. Since then it performs its role without failures and therefore it is foreseen to be operated without any changes up to the end of the LHC project. The second result of the thesis is the proposed lifecycle, which can be used for the evaluation of the existing project or for the implementation of the new programmable protection systems for the high energy particle experiments at CERN or in the similar scientific laboratory.</td></tr> </table> <br/>Corresponding record in: <a href="http://inspirehep.net/record/1339697">Inspire</a> <br/>Email contact: <a href="mailto:maciej.kwiatkowski@cern.ch">maciej.kwiatkowski@cern.ch</a> <small> </small> <small> </small> <br/><br/><div align="right"><div style="padding-bottom:2px;padding-top:30px;"><span class="moreinfo" style="margin-right:10px;"> <a href="" class="moreinfo">Retour à la recherche</a> </span></div></div> <div class="bottom-left-folded"><div class="recordlastmodifiedbox" style="position:relative;margin-left:1px"> Notice créée le 2013-11-28, modifiée le 2019-06-03</div></div> <div class="bottom-right-folded" style="text-align:right;padding-bottom:2px;"> <span class="moreinfo" style="margin-right:10px;"><a href="/search?ln=fr&p=recid%3A1632194&rm=wrd" class="moreinfo">Notices similaires</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> <br/> <br /> <div class="detailedrecordminipanel"> <div class="top-left"></div><div class="top-right"></div> <div class="inside"> <div id="detailedrecordminipanelfile" style="width:33%;float:left;text-align:center;margin-top:0"> <div><small class="detailedRecordActions">Fichiers:</small> <br /><a href="/record/1632194/files/CERN-THESIS-2013-216.pdf"><img style="border:none" src="/img/file-icon-text-34x48.gif" alt="Télécharger le document" /><br />PDF</a><br /></div> </div> <div id="detailedrecordminipanelreview" style="width:30%;float:left;text-align:center"> </div> <div id="detailedrecordminipanelactions" style="width:36%;float:right;text-align:right;"> <ul class="detailedrecordactions"> <li><a href="/yourbaskets/add?ln=fr&recid=1632194">Ajouter au panier personnel</a></li> <li>Exporter vers <a style="text-decoration:underline;font-weight:normal" href="/record/1632194/export/hx?ln=fr">BibTeX</a>, <a style="text-decoration:underline;font-weight:normal" href="/record/1632194/export/hm?ln=fr">MARC</a>, <a style="text-decoration:underline;font-weight:normal" href="/record/1632194/export/xm?ln=fr">MARCXML</a>, <a style="text-decoration:underline;font-weight:normal" href="/record/1632194/export/xd?ln=fr">DC</a>, <a style="text-decoration:underline;font-weight:normal" href="/record/1632194/export/xe?ln=fr">EndNote</a>,  <a style="text-decoration:underline;font-weight:normal" href="/record/1632194/export/xn?ln=fr">NLM</a>, <a style="text-decoration:underline;font-weight:normal" href="/record/1632194/export/xw?ln=fr">RefWorks</a> </li> </ul> <div style='padding-left: 13px;'>  <div id="bookmark"></div> <div id="bookmark_sciencewise"></div> <style type="text/css"> #bookmark_sciencewise, #bookmark {float: left;} #bookmark_sciencewise li {padding: 2px; width: 25px;} #bookmark_sciencewise ul, #bookmark ul {list-style-image: none;} </style> <script type="text/javascript" src="/js/jquery.bookmark.min.js"></script> <style type="text/css">@import "/css/jquery.bookmark.css";</style> <script type="text/javascript">// <![CDATA[ $.bookmark.addSite('sciencewise', 'ScienceWise.info', 'https://cds.cern.ch/img/sciencewise.png', 'en', 'bookmark', 'http://sciencewise.info/bookmarks/cds:1632194/add'); $('#bookmark_sciencewise').bookmark({sites: ['sciencewise']}); $('#bookmark').bookmark({ sites: ['facebook', 'twitter', 'linkedin', 'google_plusone'], icons: '/img/bookmarks.png', url: 'https://cds.cern.ch/record/1632194', addEmail: true, title: "Methods for the Application of Programmable Logic Devices in Electronic Protection Systems for High Energy Particle Accelerators", description: "The present thesis was realised within the framework of the Doctoral Student programme at the European Organisation for Nuclear Research CERN, which is situated near Geneva. The aim of this thesis was to develop a method for reliable firmware implementation and to use that method to implement a new firmware for the Safe Machine Parameters (SMP) system. That system relies heavily on the Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA) and it is one of the key machine protection systems of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The conception of the SMP hardware originates from the fully tested Beam Interlock System (BIS) being a result of another PhD thesis. For that reason the reliable SMP hardware was preserved unchanged. The first version of the SMP was ready for the LHC startup in the year 2008. Nevertheless the quality of the SMP firmware was objectionable. There were new requirements and therefore the SMP specification was extended. On that occasion it was decided that the existing SMP firmware will not be continued and that it should be started from scratch. For the new version the firmware implementation should be carried out on the basis of the strictly defined approach, which will ensure high quality and therefore reliability of the SMP. The starting point of the work was the IEC~61508 standard, which was supposed to be matched for the specific needs of the facility carrying out the high energy physics experiments like CERN. As the result of that thesis a full electronic protection system lifecycle was proposed, form the conception through the risk analysis to the implementation and deployment. The method proposed was applied to the critical firmware implementation of the SMP. Examples of the most critical functions realised by the SMP system are shown in the final chapters of the thesis. The second version of the SMP was deployed to be used in the LHC accelerator in the year 2010. Since then it performs its role without failures and therefore it is foreseen to be operated without any changes up to the end of the LHC project. The second result of the thesis is the proposed lifecycle, which can be used for the evaluation of the existing project or for the implementation of the new programmable protection systems for the high energy particle experiments at CERN or in the similar scientific laboratory." }); // ]]> </script>  </div> </div> <div style="clear:both;margin-bottom: 0;"></div> </div> <div class="bottom-left"></div><div class="bottom-right"></div> </div> </div></div> <footer id="footer" class="pagefooter clearfix">  <div class="pagefooterstripeleft"> CERN Document Server :: <a class="footer" href="https://cds.cern.ch/?ln=fr">Recherche</a> :: <a class="footer" href="https://cds.cern.ch/submit?ln=fr">Soumettre</a> :: <a class="footer" href="https://cds.cern.ch/youraccount/display?ln=fr">Personnaliser</a> :: <a class="footer" href="https://cds.cern.ch/help/?ln=fr">Aide</a> :: <a class="footer" href="https://cern.service-now.com/service-portal?id=privacy_policy&se=CDS-Service" target="_blank">Privacy Notice</a> :: <a class="footer" href="https://repository.cern/content-policy" target="_blank">Content Policy</a> :: <a class="footer" href="https://repository.cern/terms" target="_blank">Terms and Conditions</a> <br /> Powered by <a class="footer" href="http://invenio-software.org/">Invenio</a> <br /> Maintenu par <a class="footer" href="https://cern.service-now.com/service-portal?id=service_element&name=CDS-Service">CDS Service</a> - Need help? Contact <a href="https://cern.service-now.com/service-portal?id=service_element&name=CDS-Service">CDS Support</a>. <br /> </div> <div class="pagefooterstriperight"> <div class="cern-logo"> <a id="logo" href="http://cern.ch" title="CERN" rel="CERN" ><img src="https://cds.cern.ch/img/cern_theme/img/cern-logo-large.png" alt="CERN" /></a> </div> <div class="cern-languagebox"> Ce site est aussi disponible dans les langues suivantes:<br /><a href="/record/1632194?ln=bg" class="langinfo">Български</a>  <a href="/record/1632194?ln=ca" class="langinfo">Català</a>  <a href="/record/1632194?ln=de" class="langinfo">Deutsch</a>  <a href="/record/1632194?ln=el" class="langinfo">Ελληνικά</a>  <a href="/record/1632194?ln=en" class="langinfo">English</a>  <a href="/record/1632194?ln=es" class="langinfo">Español</a>  <span class="langinfo">Français</span>  <a href="/record/1632194?ln=hr" class="langinfo">Hrvatski</a>  <a href="/record/1632194?ln=it" class="langinfo">Italiano</a>  <a href="/record/1632194?ln=ja" class="langinfo">日本語</a>  <a href="/record/1632194?ln=ka" class="langinfo">ქართული</a>  <a href="/record/1632194?ln=no" class="langinfo">Norsk/Bokmål</a>  <a href="/record/1632194?ln=pl" class="langinfo">Polski</a>  <a href="/record/1632194?ln=pt" class="langinfo">Português</a>  <a href="/record/1632194?ln=ru" class="langinfo">Русский</a>  <a href="/record/1632194?ln=sk" class="langinfo">Slovensky</a>  <a href="/record/1632194?ln=sv" class="langinfo">Svenska</a>  <a href="/record/1632194?ln=zh_CN" class="langinfo">中文(简)</a>  <a href="/record/1632194?ln=zh_TW" class="langinfo">中文(繁)</a> </div> </div>  </footer> <script type="text/javascript"> var SyndeticsBookCovers = (function() { var SMALL_SIZE = "sc.gif", MEDIUM_SIZE = "mc.gif", RAW_URL = "https://secure.syndetics.com/index.aspx?isbn=THEISBN/THESIZE&client=cernlibrary"; replaceCover = function(imgElement, isbns, hdFormat) { var img = new Image(), size = hdFormat ? MEDIUM_SIZE : SMALL_SIZE; var _isbns = isbns.sort(function(a, b) { // sort from shortest to longest ISBN (more modern) return a.length > b.length ? 1 : -1; }); function next() { var isbn = _isbns.pop(); if (isbn) { var url = RAW_URL.replace("THEISBN", isbn).replace("THESIZE", size); img.src = url; } } function done() { imgElement.src = img.src; } img.onload = function() { if (this.width > 1) { done(); } else { next(); } }; next(); }; return { replaceCover: replaceCover }; })(); $(document).ready(function() { // get book covers $("img.book-cover").each(function() { var $this = $(this), strIsbns = $this.data("isbns") || "", isbnsArray = String(strIsbns).split(","), hdFormat = $this.hasClass("hd"); SyndeticsBookCovers.replaceCover(this, isbnsArray, hdFormat); }); // WebNews tooltips $.ajax({ url: "/news/tooltips", success: function(data) { create_tooltips(data); }, dataType: "json", cache: false }); }); </script>  <script src="//cds.cern.ch/js/feedback.js"></script>   <script> var _paq = window._paq = window._paq || []; /* tracker methods like "setCustomDimension" should be called before "trackPageView" */ _paq.push(['trackPageView']); _paq.push(['enableLinkTracking']); (function() { var u="https://webanalytics.web.cern.ch/"; _paq.push(['setTrackerUrl', u+'matomo.php']); _paq.push(['setSiteId', '756']); var d=document, g=d.createElement('script'), s=d.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; g.async=true; g.src=u+'matomo.js'; s.parentNode.insertBefore(g,s); })(); </script>  </body> </html>