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href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revuelta_carausiana" title="Revuelta carausiana – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Revuelta carausiana" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karausiar_Matxinada" title="Karausiar Matxinada – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Karausiar Matxinada" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%B4_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B3" title="شورش کاروسیوس – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="شورش کاروسیوس" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A9volte_carausienne" title="Révolte carausienne – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Révolte carausienne" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rivolta_di_Carausio" title="Rivolta di Carausio – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Rivolta di Carausio" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carausiaanse_opstand" title="Carausiaanse opstand – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Carausiaanse opstand" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revolta_de_Car%C3%A1usio" title="Revolta de Caráusio – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Revolta de Caráusio" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karauzijev_ustanak" title="Karauzijev ustanak – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Karauzijev ustanak" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B7%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Повстання Караузія – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Повстання Караузія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C_%D8%A8%D8%BA%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%AA" title="کاراوسیوسی بغاوت – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="کاراوسیوسی بغاوت" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q680766#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" 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class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Revolt by Roman naval commander, Carausius (286-296)</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Primary_sources plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Primary_sources" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>relies excessively on <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">references</a> to <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research#Primary,_secondary_and_tertiary_sources" title="Wikipedia:No original research">primary sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please improve this article by adding <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research#Primary,_secondary_and_tertiary_sources" title="Wikipedia:No 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class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">March 2025</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Antoninianus_Carausius_leg4-RIC_0069v.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Antoninianus_Carausius_leg4-RIC_0069v.jpg/220px-Antoninianus_Carausius_leg4-RIC_0069v.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="102" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Antoninianus_Carausius_leg4-RIC_0069v.jpg/330px-Antoninianus_Carausius_leg4-RIC_0069v.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Antoninianus_Carausius_leg4-RIC_0069v.jpg/440px-Antoninianus_Carausius_leg4-RIC_0069v.jpg 2x" data-file-width="446" data-file-height="206" /></a><figcaption>Coin of <a href="/wiki/Carausius" title="Carausius">Carausius</a>, minted in <a href="/wiki/Londinium" title="Londinium">Londinium</a> to pay soldiers of the <a href="/wiki/Legio_IV_Flavia_Felix" title="Legio IV Flavia Felix">Fourth Legion</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 286</span>-93</figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>Carausian revolt</b> (AD 286–296) was an episode in <a href="/wiki/History_of_Rome" title="History of Rome">Roman history</a> during which a <a href="/wiki/Roman_Empire" title="Roman Empire">Roman</a> <a href="/wiki/Roman_navy" title="Roman navy">naval</a> commander, <a href="/wiki/Carausius" title="Carausius">Carausius</a>, declared himself emperor over <a href="/wiki/Roman_Britain" title="Roman Britain">Britain</a> and northern <a href="/wiki/Gaul" title="Gaul">Gaul</a>. His Gallic territories were retaken by the western <a href="/wiki/Caesar_(title)" title="Caesar (title)">Caesar</a> <a href="/wiki/Constantius_Chlorus" title="Constantius Chlorus">Constantius Chlorus</a> in 293, after which Carausius was assassinated by his subordinate <a href="/wiki/Allectus" title="Allectus">Allectus</a>. Britain was regained by Constantius and his subordinate <a href="/wiki/Julius_Asclepiodotus" title="Julius Asclepiodotus">Asclepiodotus</a> in 296. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Revolt">Revolt</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carausian_revolt&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Revolt"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Carausius, a <a href="/wiki/Menapii" title="Menapii">Menapian</a> of humble birth, rose through the ranks of the Roman military and was appointed to a naval command at Bononia (<a href="/wiki/Boulogne-sur-Mer" title="Boulogne-sur-Mer">Boulogne</a>), tasked with clearing the <a href="/wiki/English_Channel" title="English Channel">English Channel</a> of <a href="/wiki/Franks" title="Franks">Frankish</a> and <a href="/wiki/Saxons" title="Saxons">Saxon</a> raiders. However, he was accused of collaborating with the pirates to enrich himself, and the western <a href="/wiki/Augustus_(honorific)" class="mw-redirect" title="Augustus (honorific)">Augustus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maximian" title="Maximian">Maximian</a>, ordered that he be put to death. Carausius responded by declaring himself emperor in Britain.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His forces comprised not only his fleet, augmented by new ships he had built, and the three <a href="/wiki/Roman_legion" title="Roman legion">legions</a> stationed in Britain, but a legion he had seized in Gaul, a number of foreign <a href="/wiki/Auxiliaries_(Roman_military)" class="mw-redirect" title="Auxiliaries (Roman military)">auxiliary</a> units, a levy of Gaulish merchant ships, and barbarian mercenaries attracted by the prospect of booty.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Quinarius_Allectus_galley-RIC_0128.2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Quinarius_Allectus_galley-RIC_0128.2.jpg/220px-Quinarius_Allectus_galley-RIC_0128.2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Quinarius_Allectus_galley-RIC_0128.2.jpg/330px-Quinarius_Allectus_galley-RIC_0128.2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e8/Quinarius_Allectus_galley-RIC_0128.2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="205" /></a><figcaption>Coin of <a href="/wiki/Allectus" title="Allectus">Allectus</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 293-</span>96</figcaption></figure> <p>A <a href="/wiki/Panegyrici_Latini" title="Panegyrici Latini">panegyric</a> delivered to Maximian in AD 288 or 289 refers to the emperor preparing an invasion to oust Carausius.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A later panegyric to Constantius Chlorus says that this invasion failed due to bad weather, although Carausius claimed it as a military victory,<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Eutropius_(historian)" title="Eutropius (historian)">Eutropius</a> says that hostilities were in vain thanks to Carausius's military skill, and peace was agreed.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Britannic_Empire">Britannic Empire</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carausian_revolt&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Britannic Empire"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Carausian_Revolt_Map.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Carausian_Revolt_Map.jpg/220px-Carausian_Revolt_Map.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Carausian_Revolt_Map.jpg/330px-Carausian_Revolt_Map.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Carausian_Revolt_Map.jpg/440px-Carausian_Revolt_Map.jpg 2x" data-file-width="802" data-file-height="546" /></a><figcaption>The Britannic Empire at its greatest extent: 🟧 Territories recaptured by the Roman Empire in 293, 🟨 Territories recaptured in 296</figcaption></figure> <p>Having warded off a threat to his power, Carausius began to entertain visions of legitimacy and official recognition. He minted his own coins and brought their value into line with Roman issues as well as acknowledging and honouring Maximian and then <a href="/wiki/Diocletian" title="Diocletian">Diocletian</a>. This suggests that he would have been very willing to participate in a rapprochement, if the others had agreed. He appears to have appealed to native British dissatisfaction with Roman rule: he issued coins with legends such as <i>Restitutor Britanniae</i> (Restorer of Britain) and <i>Genius Britanniae</i> (Spirit of Britain). Previously, Britain had been part of the <a href="/wiki/Gallic_Empire" title="Gallic Empire">Gallic Empire</a> established by <a href="/wiki/Postumus" title="Postumus">Postumus</a> in 260, which had also included Gaul and <a href="/wiki/Hispania" title="Hispania">Hispania</a> and had only been restored by <a href="/wiki/Aurelian" title="Aurelian">Aurelian</a> in 274. A milestone from <a href="/wiki/Carlisle,_Cumbria" class="mw-redirect" title="Carlisle, Cumbria">Carlisle</a> with his name on it suggests that the whole of <a href="/wiki/Roman_Britain" title="Roman Britain">Roman Britain</a> was in Carausius' grasp.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Recovery_of_the_Roman_Empire">Recovery of the Roman Empire</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carausian_revolt&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Recovery of the Roman Empire"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 293 <a href="/wiki/Constantius_Chlorus" title="Constantius Chlorus">Constantius Chlorus</a>, now the western Caesar, isolated Carausius by retaking the territory he held in Gaul. Constantius next besieged the port of Bononia, building a <a href="/wiki/Mole_(architecture)" title="Mole (architecture)">mole</a> across the harbour mouth to prevent the rebels from escaping by sea and ensure they could not receive maritime aid, and invaded Batavia in the Rhine delta, securing his rear against Carausius's Frankish allies. However, it was impossible to mount an invasion of Britain until a suitable fleet could be built.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Carausius, who had been in power for seven years, was assassinated by his subordinate <a href="/wiki/Allectus" title="Allectus">Allectus</a>, who assumed command.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:CONSTANTIUS_I_RIC_VI_32a-2600530.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/CONSTANTIUS_I_RIC_VI_32a-2600530.jpg/220px-CONSTANTIUS_I_RIC_VI_32a-2600530.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="105" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/CONSTANTIUS_I_RIC_VI_32a-2600530.jpg/330px-CONSTANTIUS_I_RIC_VI_32a-2600530.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/CONSTANTIUS_I_RIC_VI_32a-2600530.jpg/440px-CONSTANTIUS_I_RIC_VI_32a-2600530.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="383" /></a><figcaption>Coin of Constantius Chlorus</figcaption></figure> <p>Three years later, in 296, the reconquest of Britain began. With Maximian holding the Rhine frontier, Constantius divided his fleet into several divisions. He led one division himself from Bononia; another, sailing from <a href="/wiki/Le_Havre" title="Le Havre">Le Havre</a>, was commanded by <a href="/wiki/Julius_Asclepiodotus" title="Julius Asclepiodotus">Asclepiodotus</a>, prefect of the <a href="/wiki/Praetorian_Guard" title="Praetorian Guard">Praetorian Guard</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Allectus stationed his fleet at the <a href="/wiki/Isle_of_Wight" title="Isle of Wight">Isle of Wight</a>, but fog allowed Asclepiodotus's ships to pass the defenders unseen. Asclepiodotus landed in the vicinity of <a href="/wiki/Southampton" title="Southampton">Southampton</a> and burned his ships. The rebels were forced to retreat from the coast, but in doing so, fell into the hands of another division and were routed. Allectus himself was killed in the battle, having removed all insignia in the hope that his body would not be identified.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Archaeology suggests that <a href="/wiki/Calleva_Atrebatum" title="Calleva Atrebatum">Calleva Atrebatum</a> (<a href="/wiki/Silchester" title="Silchester">Silchester</a>) was the site of his defeat.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A group of Roman troops, who had been separated from the main body by the fog during the channel crossing, caught up with the remnants of Allectus's men, mostly Franks, at Londinium (<a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>), and massacred them.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Constantius himself, it seems, did not reach Britain until it was all over, and the panegyrist claims he was welcomed by the Britons as a liberator.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At some point following the island's recovery by the Empire, the <a href="/wiki/Diocletian_Reforms" class="mw-redirect" title="Diocletian Reforms">Diocletian Reforms</a> were introduced: Britain as a whole became the <a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_the_Britains" class="mw-redirect" title="Diocese of the Britains">Diocese of the Britains</a> under the administration of the <a href="/wiki/Praetorian_Prefecture_of_the_Gauls" class="mw-redirect" title="Praetorian Prefecture of the Gauls">Prefecture of the Gauls</a> based in <a href="/wiki/Augusta_Treverorum" title="Augusta Treverorum">Augusta Treverorum</a> (<a href="/wiki/Trier" title="Trier">Trier</a>) and was divided from two provinces into four or five.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Medieval_British_legend">Medieval British legend</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carausian_revolt&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Medieval British legend"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Carausius, Allectus, Asclepiodotus and Constantius appear in <a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_of_Monmouth" title="Geoffrey of Monmouth">Geoffrey of Monmouth</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Historia_Regum_Britanniae" title="Historia Regum Britanniae">Historia Regum Britanniae</a></i> (1136) in distorted guise, as rulers of Britain. Here, Carausius is a native Briton who persuades the Romans to give him a naval command, and uses that to overthrow the king of Britain, Bassianus, or <a href="/wiki/Caracalla" title="Caracalla">Caracalla</a>. The Romans send Allectus with three legions to remove him, but Allectus proves an oppressive ruler, and Asclepiodotus, here a duke of Cornwall, leads a popular uprising to depose him. He defeats Allectus near London, and besieges his last legion in the city. The Romans surrender on the condition they are allowed safe passage out of Britain, which Asclepiodotus grants, but his allies the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Gwynedd" title="Kingdom of Gwynedd">Venedoti</a> behead them and throw their heads in the river <a href="/wiki/Walbrook" title="Walbrook">Gallobroc</a>. Ten years later Asclepiodotus is deposed by <a href="/wiki/King_Cole" class="mw-redirect" title="King Cole">Coel</a>, duke of Colchester, for his part in the persecution of Christians under <a href="/wiki/Diocletian" title="Diocletian">Diocletian</a>. The Romans send Constantius to negotiate with him. Coel agrees to pay tribute to Rome and gives Constantius his daughter <a href="/wiki/Helena_of_Constantinople" class="mw-redirect" title="Helena of Constantinople">Helena</a> in marriage, and upon his death Constantius becomes the new king of Britain.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carausian_revolt&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a href="/wiki/Panegyrici_Latini" title="Panegyrici Latini">Panegyrici Latini</a></i> 8:6; <a href="/wiki/Aurelius_Victor" title="Aurelius Victor">Aurelius Victor</a>, <i>Book of Caesars</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thelatinlibrary.com/victor.caes.html#39">39:20-21</a>; <a href="/wiki/Eutropius_(historian)" title="Eutropius (historian)">Eutropius</a>, <i>Abridgement of Roman History</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20121228022346/http://www.forumromanum.org/literature/eutropius/trans9.html#21">21</a><sup><a href="/wiki/Template:Usurped/doc" title="Template:Usurped/doc">[usurped]</a></sup>; <a href="/wiki/Paulus_Orosius" class="mw-redirect" title="Paulus Orosius">Orosius</a>, <i>Seven Books of History Against the Pagans</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.attalus.org/latin/orosius7A.html#25">7:25.2-4</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Panegyrici Latini</i> 8:12</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">C. E. V. Nixon & Barbara Saylor Rodgers (ed & trans), <i>In Praise of Later Roman Emperors: The Panegyrici Latini</i>, University of California Press, 1994, pp. 42-43</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Panegyrici Latini</i> 10:12.1</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Panegyrici Latini</i> 8:12.2</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Eutropius, <i>Abridgement of Roman History</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20031222152525/http://www.forumromanum.org/literature/eutropius/trans9.html#22">22</a><sup><a href="/wiki/Template:Usurped/doc" title="Template:Usurped/doc">[usurped]</a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Frere, <i>Britannia</i>, p. 327-328</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Panegyrici Latini</i> 6:5, 8.6-8</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Panegyrici Latini</i> 8:12; Aurelius Victor, <i>Book of Caesars</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thelatinlibrary.com/victor.caes.html#39">39.40</a>; Eutropius, <i>Abridgement of Roman History</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20031222152525/http://www.forumromanum.org/literature/eutropius/trans9.html#22">22</a><sup><a href="/wiki/Template:Usurped/doc" title="Template:Usurped/doc">[usurped]</a></sup>; Orosius, <i>Seven Books of History Against the Pagans</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.attalus.org/latin/orosius7A.html#25">7:25.6</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Panegyrici Latini</i> 8:13-14; Aurelius Victor, <i>Book of Caesars</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thelatinlibrary.com/victor.caes.html#39">39.42</a>; Eutropius, <i>Abridgement of Roman History</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20031222152525/http://www.forumromanum.org/literature/eutropius/trans9.html#22">22</a><sup><a href="/wiki/Template:Usurped/doc" title="Template:Usurped/doc">[usurped]</a></sup>; Orosius, <i>Seven Books of History Against the Pagans</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.attalus.org/latin/orosius7A.html#25">7:25.6</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Panegyrici Latini</i> 8:14-16</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Frere, <i>Britannia</i> p. 331</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Panegyrici Latini</i> 8:17</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Panegyrici Latini</i> 8:19</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_of_Monmouth" title="Geoffrey of Monmouth">Geoffrey of Monmouth</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Historia_Regum_Britanniae" title="Historia Regum Britanniae">Historia Regum Britanniae</a></i> <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/History_of_the_Kings_of_Britain/Book_5#3" class="extiw" title="wikisource:History of the Kings of Britain/Book 5">5.3-6</a></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carausian_revolt&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/60px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Carausian_Revolt" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Carausian Revolt">Carausian Revolt</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFCasey1994" class="citation book cs1">Casey, P. J. (1994). <i>Carausius and Allectus: The British Usurpers</i> (Repr. ed.). Taylor & Francis. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780203974353" title="Special:BookSources/9780203974353"><bdi>9780203974353</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Carausius+and+Allectus%3A+The+British+Usurpers&rft.edition=Repr.&rft.pub=Taylor+%26+Francis&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=9780203974353&rft.aulast=Casey&rft.aufirst=P.+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarausian+revolt" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFClayson2010" class="citation news cs1">Clayson, Alan (30 July 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/history/ahead-of-his-time-carausius-was-a-pirate-a-rebel-and-the-first-ruler-of-a-unified-britain-2039008.html">"Ahead of his time: Carausius was a pirate, a rebel and the first ruler of a unified Britain"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Independent" title="The Independent">The Independent</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 July</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=Ahead+of+his+time%3A+Carausius+was+a+pirate%2C+a+rebel+and+the+first+ruler+of+a+unified+Britain&rft.date=2010-07-30&rft.aulast=Clayson&rft.aufirst=Alan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Flife-style%2Fhistory%2Fahead-of-his-time-carausius-was-a-pirate-a-rebel-and-the-first-ruler-of-a-unified-britain-2039008.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarausian+revolt" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFVagi2011" class="citation news cs1">Vagi, David (25 November 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20140610154002/http://www.coinworld.com/numismatic/coins/world/coins-document-revolt-of-carausius.html">"Coins document revolt of Carausius"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Coin_World" title="Coin World">Coin World</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.coinworld.com/numismatic/coins/world/coins-document-revolt-of-carausius.html">the original</a> on June 10, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 July</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Coin+World&rft.atitle=Coins+document+revolt+of+Carausius&rft.date=2011-11-25&rft.aulast=Vagi&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.coinworld.com%2Fnumismatic%2Fcoins%2Fworld%2Fcoins-document-revolt-of-carausius.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarausian+revolt" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Carausian_revolt&oldid=1281307649">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Carausian_revolt&oldid=1281307649</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:286" title="Category:286">286</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:296" title="Category:296">296</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Crisis_of_the_Third_Century" title="Category:Crisis of the Third Century">Crisis of the Third Century</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Military_history_of_Roman_Britain" title="Category:Military history of Roman Britain">Military history of Roman Britain</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:280s" title="Category:280s">280s</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:290s" title="Category:290s">290s</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:280s_conflicts" title="Category:280s conflicts">280s conflicts</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:290s_conflicts" title="Category:290s conflicts">290s conflicts</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:3rd_century_in_Roman_Gaul" title="Category:3rd century in Roman Gaul">3rd century in Roman Gaul</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:3rd_century_in_Roman_Britain" title="Category:3rd century in Roman Britain">3rd century in Roman Britain</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:280s_in_the_Roman_Empire" title="Category:280s in the Roman Empire">280s in the Roman Empire</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:290s_in_the_Roman_Empire" title="Category:290s in the Roman Empire">290s in the Roman Empire</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:3rd-century_rebellions" title="Category:3rd-century rebellions">3rd-century rebellions</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Rebellions_in_the_United_Kingdom_and_Ireland" title="Category:Rebellions in the United Kingdom and Ireland">Rebellions in the United Kingdom and Ireland</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Rebellions_against_the_Roman_Empire" title="Category:Rebellions against the Roman Empire">Rebellions against the Roman Empire</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_lacking_reliable_references_from_March_2025" title="Category:Articles lacking reliable references from March 2025">Articles lacking reliable references from March 2025</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_lacking_reliable_references" title="Category:All articles lacking reliable references">All articles lacking reliable references</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements" title="Category:All articles with unsourced statements">All articles with unsourced statements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_January_2022" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from January 2022">Articles with unsourced statements from January 2022</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_is_on_Wikidata" title="Category:Commons category link is on Wikidata">Commons category link is on Wikidata</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 19 March 2025, at 15:44<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2006-05-16T17:48:16Z","dateModified":"2025-03-19T15:44:04Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/f\/fb\/Antoninianus_Carausius_leg4-RIC_0069v.jpg","headline":"episode in Roman history, during which a Roman naval commander, Carausius, declared himself emperor over Britain and northern Gaul"}</script> </body> </html>