CINXE.COM
袪邪蟹写械谢 芦肖懈谢芯褋芯褎懈褟禄 褞 | 协薪褑懈泻谢芯锌械写懈褟 袣褉褍谐芯褋胁械褌
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="ru"> <head> <title>袪邪蟹写械谢 芦肖懈谢芯褋芯褎懈褟禄 褞 | 协薪褑懈泻谢芯锌械写懈褟 袣褉褍谐芯褋胁械褌</title> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <meta name="description" content="小褌邪褌褜懈 协薪褑懈泻谢芯锌械写懈懈 袣褉褍谐芯褋胁械褌 懈蟹 褉邪蟹写械谢邪 芦肖懈谢芯褋芯褎懈褟禄 褞" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon"> <link rel="icon" href="/favicon.png" type="image/png"> <link rel="icon" sizes="32x32" href="/favicon-32.png" type="image/png"> <link rel="icon" sizes="64x64" href="/favicon-64.png" type="image/png"> <link rel="icon" sizes="96x96" href="/favicon-96.png" type="image/png"> <link rel="icon" sizes="192x192" href="/favicon-192.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="152x152" href="/apple-touch-icon.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="60x60" href="/apple-touch-icon-60x60.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="76x76" href="/apple-touch-icon-76x76.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="114x114" href="/apple-touch-icon-114x114.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="120x120" href="/apple-touch-icon-120x120.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="144x144" href="/apple-touch-icon-144x144.png"> <meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="/favicon-144.png"> <meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#8FCCDD"> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://www.krugosvet.ru/sites/krugosvet.ru/files/css/css_xE-rWrJf-fncB6ztZfd2huxqgxu4WO-qwma6Xer30m4.css" media="all" /> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://www.krugosvet.ru/sites/krugosvet.ru/files/css/css_3T83ULFPoon3ON2McYXljX_j6uNpPa07jKWG-fpT_WU.css" media="all" /> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://www.krugosvet.ru/sites/krugosvet.ru/files/css/css_5OmKFRDBvR9NKOp8k_UEgyIApokAgSNnit5VGG3hqCI.css" media="all" /> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://www.krugosvet.ru/sites/krugosvet.ru/files/css/css_wm30pAqEJtdmQ5QEImBlmi7stmbOOnaS7_ihHVXoGDY.css" media="all" /> <style type="text/css" media="all"> <!--/*--><![CDATA[/*><!--*/ #back-top{right:40px;}#back-top span#button{background-color:#CCCCCC;}#back-top span#button:hover{opacity:1;background-color:#777777;}span#link{display :none;} /*]]>*/--> </style> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://www.krugosvet.ru/sites/krugosvet.ru/files/css/css_-U-YIgj5NQz73QbwdRP7JBqbYW5aUP8ZJhZOII6t4oY.css" media="all" /> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://www.krugosvet.ru/sites/krugosvet.ru/files/css/css_HGLbwtYGQQfLg0RgBwUhWKLps6yr95RrwpGz5YtowKY.css" media="all" /> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.krugosvet.ru/sites/krugosvet.ru/files/js/js_YD9ro0PAqY25gGWrTki6TjRUG8TdokmmxjfqpNNfzVU.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.krugosvet.ru/sites/krugosvet.ru/files/js/js_8R2oczAeR-3CjvwJEG7AMhIDjEQ0KGgeu83V0zDEZZk.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.krugosvet.ru/sites/krugosvet.ru/files/js/js_b-nnIMkzLm6O6fb0gtZKrZIyqvZuCpIiQQmVuK4HL6E.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.krugosvet.ru/sites/krugosvet.ru/files/js/js_AqaK4F9UuIsX2Zs-IuQl8vZ15e4TI326P0fqltoeko8.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> <!--//--><![CDATA[//><!-- jQuery.extend(Drupal.settings, {"basePath":"\/","pathPrefix":"","setHasJsCookie":0,"ajaxPageState":{"theme":"krugosvet","theme_token":"cf2RpjknATpzA1LbHyjPuaDjFkf5HDF5AeSC3EaWvU8","js":{"0":1,"misc\/jquery.js":1,"misc\/jquery-extend-3.4.0.js":1,"misc\/jquery-html-prefilter-3.5.0-backport.js":1,"misc\/jquery.once.js":1,"misc\/drupal.js":1,"misc\/ui\/jquery.ui.core.min.js":1,"misc\/ui\/jquery.ui.widget.min.js":1,"misc\/ui\/jquery.ui.accordion.min.js":1,"misc\/ui\/jquery.ui.position.min.js":1,"misc\/ui\/jquery.ui.position-1.13.0-backport.js":1,"misc\/ui\/jquery.ui.autocomplete.min.js":1,"public:\/\/languages\/ru_LdfLMvFpKsa5TPMTBWXTQ7P9HywwVb_o5PlPxMwS76I.js":1,"sites\/all\/libraries\/colorbox\/jquery.colorbox-min.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/colorbox\/js\/colorbox.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/colorbox\/js\/colorbox_inline.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/floating_block\/floating_block.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/lightbox2\/js\/lightbox.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/krugosvet_scroll_to_top\/scroll_to_top.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/search_autocomplete\/js\/jquery.autocomplete.js":1,"misc\/form.js":1,"misc\/collapse.js":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/krugosvet\/js\/tw.js":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/krugosvet\/js\/fb.js":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/krugosvet\/js\/vk.js":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/krugosvet\/js\/menu.js":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/krugosvet\/js\/menu-mobil.js":1},"css":{"modules\/system\/system.base.css":1,"modules\/system\/system.menus.css":1,"modules\/system\/system.messages.css":1,"modules\/system\/system.theme.css":1,"misc\/ui\/jquery.ui.core.css":1,"misc\/ui\/jquery.ui.theme.css":1,"misc\/ui\/jquery.ui.accordion.css":1,"misc\/ui\/jquery.ui.autocomplete.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/date\/date_repeat_field\/date_repeat_field.css":1,"modules\/field\/theme\/field.css":1,"modules\/node\/node.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/quiz\/quiz.css":1,"modules\/search\/search.css":1,"modules\/user\/user.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/views\/css\/views.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/accordion_menu\/accordion_menu.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/ckeditor\/css\/ckeditor.css":1,"sites\/all\/libraries\/colorbox\/example1\/colorbox.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/ctools\/css\/ctools.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/lightbox2\/css\/lightbox.css":1,"0":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/search_autocomplete\/css\/themes\/minimal.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/krugosvet\/css\/head.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/krugosvet\/css\/menu.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/krugosvet\/css\/search.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/krugosvet\/css\/navbar.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/krugosvet\/css\/style.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/krugosvet\/css\/sidebar.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/krugosvet\/css\/footer.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/krugosvet\/css\/quiz.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/krugosvet\/css\/webform.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/krugosvet\/css\/authors.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/krugosvet\/css\/week.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/krugosvet\/css\/news.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/krugosvet\/css\/media.css":1}},"colorbox":{"opacity":"0.85","current":"{current} of {total}","previous":"\u00ab Prev","next":"Next \u00bb","close":"\u0417\u0430\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044c","maxWidth":"98%","maxHeight":"98%","fixed":true,"mobiledetect":true,"mobiledevicewidth":"480px","file_public_path":"\/sites\/krugosvet.ru\/files","specificPagesDefaultValue":"admin*\nimagebrowser*\nimg_assist*\nimce*\nnode\/add\/*\nnode\/*\/edit\nprint\/*\nprintpdf\/*\nsystem\/ajax\nsystem\/ajax\/*"},"floating_block":{"settings":{"#navbar":[],"#sb2":{"padding_top":"0","padding_bottom":"400"}},"minWidth":"0"},"lightbox2":{"rtl":"0","file_path":"\/(\\w\\w\/)public:\/","default_image":"\/sites\/all\/modules\/lightbox2\/images\/brokenimage.jpg","border_size":10,"font_color":"000","box_color":"fff","top_position":"","overlay_opacity":"0.8","overlay_color":"000","disable_close_click":1,"resize_sequence":0,"resize_speed":400,"fade_in_speed":400,"slide_down_speed":600,"use_alt_layout":0,"disable_resize":0,"disable_zoom":0,"force_show_nav":0,"show_caption":1,"loop_items":0,"node_link_text":"\u0421\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0438\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f","node_link_target":0,"image_count":"\u0418\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 !current \u0438\u0437 !total","video_count":"\u0412\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043e !current \u0438\u0437 !total","page_count":"\u0421\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430 !current \u0438\u0437 !total","lite_press_x_close":"\u043d\u0430\u0436\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u003Ca href=\u0022#\u0022 onclick=\u0022hideLightbox(); return FALSE;\u0022\u003E\u003Ckbd\u003Ex\u003C\/kbd\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044c","download_link_text":"","enable_login":false,"enable_contact":false,"keys_close":"c x 27","keys_previous":"p 37","keys_next":"n 39","keys_zoom":"z","keys_play_pause":"32","display_image_size":"original","image_node_sizes":"()","trigger_lightbox_classes":"","trigger_lightbox_group_classes":"","trigger_slideshow_classes":"","trigger_lightframe_classes":"","trigger_lightframe_group_classes":"","custom_class_handler":0,"custom_trigger_classes":"","disable_for_gallery_lists":1,"disable_for_acidfree_gallery_lists":true,"enable_acidfree_videos":true,"slideshow_interval":5000,"slideshow_automatic_start":true,"slideshow_automatic_exit":true,"show_play_pause":true,"pause_on_next_click":false,"pause_on_previous_click":true,"loop_slides":false,"iframe_width":600,"iframe_height":400,"iframe_border":1,"enable_video":0,"useragent":"Mozilla\/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 6.0; SLCC1; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.0.04506; .NET CLR 3.5.21022; .NET CLR 1.0.3705; .NET CLR 1.1.4322)"},"scroll_to_top":{"label":"Back to top"},"search_autocomplete":{"form3":{"selector":"#edit-search-block-form--2","minChars":"3","max_sug":"10","type":"internal","datas":"https:\/\/www.krugosvet.ru\/search_autocomplete\/autocomplete\/3\/","fid":"3","theme":"minimal","auto_submit":"1","auto_redirect":"1"}},"urlIsAjaxTrusted":{"\/taxonomy\/term\/37\/%D1%8E":true}}); //--><!]]> </script> <!-- Global site tag (gtag.js) - Google Analytics --> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=UA-113787304-1"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'UA-113787304-1'); </script> </head> <body> <div id="page-wrapper"> <div id="main-wrapper"> <div id="content-page"> <div id="nav-page"> <div id="content-wrapper"> <div id="top"> <a href="/" title="袚谢邪胁薪邪褟" rel="home"> <div id="logo"><img src="/logo-krugosvet.svg" alt="协薪褑懈泻谢芯锌械写懈褟 袣褉褍谐芯褋胁械褌" /></div> <div id="site-name">协薪褑懈泻谢芯锌械写懈褟 袣褉褍谐芯褋胁械褌</div> <div id="site-slogan">校薪懈胁械褉褋邪谢褜薪邪褟 薪邪褍褔薪芯-锌芯锌褍谢褟褉薪邪褟 褝薪褑懈泻谢芯锌械写懈褟</div> </a> <button id="navicon" onclick="openNav()" type="button"></button> </div> <div id="main-left"> <div id="content"> <div id="header"> <form onsubmit="if(this.search_block_form.value=='袠褋泻邪褌褜 胁 协薪褑懈泻谢芯锌械写懈懈 袣褉褍谐芯褋胁械褌'){ alert('Please enter a search'); return false; }" action="/taxonomy/term/37/%D1%8E" method="post" id="search-block-form" accept-charset="UTF-8"><div><div class="form-item form-type-textfield form-item-search-block-form"> <label class="element-invisible" for="edit-search-block-form--2">袩芯懈褋泻 褋褌邪褌褜懈 胁 协薪褑懈泻谢芯锌械写懈懈 袣褉褍谐芯褋胁械褌 </label> <input title="袙胁械写懈褌械 泻谢褞褔械胁褘械 褋谢芯胁邪 写谢褟 锌芯懈褋泻邪." placeholder="袠褋泻邪褌褜 胁 协薪褑懈泻谢芯锌械写懈懈 袣褉褍谐芯褋胁械褌" type="text" id="edit-search-block-form--2" name="search_block_form" value="" size="15" maxlength="128" class="form-text" /> </div> <div class="form-actions form-wrapper" id="edit-actions"><input type="submit" id="edit-submit" name="op" value="袩芯懈褋泻" class="form-submit" /></div><input type="hidden" name="form_build_id" value="form-9QNTfzN-vZ1Ag5mB9l4nVF55cpxfpgSYGi4ok621zWg" /> <input type="hidden" name="form_id" value="search_block_form" /> </div></form> <nav> <div id="subEnc1" style="display:none"> <div id="encnav"> <div class="accordion-menu-wrapper accordion-menu-1 accordion-menu-name-menu-encyclop忙dia-krugosvet accordion-menu-source-menu-enc"> <a href="javascript:void(0)" class="closebtn" onclick="closeNav()"><i></i><i></i></a> <p class="accordion-header accordion-header-1 first has-children active-trail odd menu-mlid-19535"><span title="袠小孝袨袪袠携 懈 袨袘些袝小孝袙袨" class="active-trail accordion-link">袠小孝袨袪袠携 懈 袨袘些袝小孝袙袨</span></p> <div class="accordion-content-1"><ul class="menu"><li class="first leaf"><a href="/enc/ekonomika-i-pravo" title="协泻芯薪芯屑懈泻邪 懈 袩褉邪胁芯">协泻芯薪芯屑懈泻邪 懈 袩褉邪胁芯</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/enc/psihologiya-i-pedagogika" title="袩褋懈褏芯谢芯谐懈褟 懈 袩械写邪谐芯谐懈泻邪">袩褋懈褏芯谢芯谐懈褟 懈 袩械写邪谐芯谐懈泻邪</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/enc/sociologiya" title="小芯褑懈芯谢芯谐懈褟">小芯褑懈芯谢芯谐懈褟</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/enc/filosofiya" title="肖懈谢芯褋芯褎懈褟" class="active">肖懈谢芯褋芯褎懈褟</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/enc/religiya" title="袪械谢懈谐懈褟">袪械谢懈谐懈褟</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/enc/narody-i-yazyki" title="袧邪褉芯写褘 懈 携蟹褘泻懈">袧邪褉芯写褘 懈 携蟹褘泻懈</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/enc/gosudarstvo-i-politika" title="袚芯褋褍写邪褉褋褌胁芯 懈 袩芯谢懈褌懈泻邪">袚芯褋褍写邪褉褋褌胁芯 懈 袩芯谢懈褌懈泻邪</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/enc/voennoe-delo" title="袙芯械薪薪芯械 写械谢芯">袙芯械薪薪芯械 写械谢芯</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/enc/arheologiya" title="袗褉褏械芯谢芯谐懈褟">袗褉褏械芯谢芯谐懈褟</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/enc/istoriya" title="袠褋褌芯褉懈褟">袠褋褌芯褉懈褟</a></li> <li class="last leaf"><a href="/enc/lingvistika" title="袥懈薪谐胁懈褋褌懈泻邪">袥懈薪谐胁懈褋褌懈泻邪</a></li> </ul></div> <p class="accordion-header accordion-header-2 has-children even menu-mlid-19547"><span title="袩校孝袝楔袝小孝袙袠携 懈 袚袝袨袚袪袗肖袠携" class="accordion-link">袩校孝袝楔袝小孝袙袠携 懈 袚袝袨袚袪袗肖袠携</span></p> <div class="accordion-content-2"><ul class="menu"><li class="first leaf"><a href="/enc/geografiya" title="袚械芯谐褉邪褎懈褟">袚械芯谐褉邪褎懈褟</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/enc/geologiya" title="袚械芯谢芯谐懈褟">袚械芯谢芯谐懈褟</a></li> <li class="last leaf"><a href="/enc/strany-mira" title="小褌褉邪薪褘 屑懈褉邪">小褌褉邪薪褘 屑懈褉邪</a></li> </ul></div> <p class="accordion-header accordion-header-3 has-children odd menu-mlid-19551"><span title="袠小袣校小小孝袙袨 懈 袣校袥鞋孝校袪袗" class="accordion-link">袠小袣校小小孝袙袨 懈 袣校袥鞋孝校袪袗</span></p> <div class="accordion-content-3"><ul class="menu"><li class="first leaf"><a href="/enc/zhivopis-i-grafika" title="袞懈胁芯锌懈褋褜 懈 袚褉邪褎懈泻邪">袞懈胁芯锌懈褋褜 懈 袚褉邪褎懈泻邪</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/enc/skulptura" title="小泻褍谢褜锌褌褍褉邪">小泻褍谢褜锌褌褍褉邪</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/enc/arhitektura" title="袗褉褏懈褌械泻褌褍褉邪">袗褉褏懈褌械泻褌褍褉邪</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/enc/dekorativno-prikladnoe-iskusstvo" title="袛械泻芯褉邪褌懈胁薪芯-锌褉懈泻谢邪写薪芯械 懈褋泻褍褋褋褌胁芯">袛械泻芯褉邪褌懈胁薪芯-锌褉懈泻谢邪写薪芯械 懈褋泻褍褋褋褌胁芯</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/enc/dizayn-i-fotografiya" title="袛懈蟹邪泄薪 懈 肖芯褌芯谐褉邪褎懈褟">袛懈蟹邪泄薪 懈 肖芯褌芯谐褉邪褎懈褟</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/enc/literatura" title="袥懈褌械褉邪褌褍褉邪">袥懈褌械褉邪褌褍褉邪</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/enc/muzyka" title="袦褍蟹褘泻邪">袦褍蟹褘泻邪</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/enc/teatr-i-kino" title="孝械邪褌褉 懈 袣懈薪芯">孝械邪褌褉 懈 袣懈薪芯</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/enc/estrada-i-cirk" title="协褋褌褉邪写邪 懈 笑懈褉泻">协褋褌褉邪写邪 懈 笑懈褉泻</a></li> <li class="last leaf"><a href="/enc/balet" title="袘邪谢械褌">袘邪谢械褌</a></li> </ul></div> <p class="accordion-header accordion-header-4 has-children even menu-mlid-19562"><span title="袧袗校袣袗 懈 孝袝啸袧袠袣袗" class="accordion-link">袧袗校袣袗 懈 孝袝啸袧袠袣袗</span></p> <div class="accordion-content-4"><ul class="menu"><li class="first leaf"><a href="/enc/aviaciya-i-kosmonavtika" title="袗胁懈邪褑懈褟 懈 袣芯褋屑芯薪邪胁褌懈泻邪">袗胁懈邪褑懈褟 懈 袣芯褋屑芯薪邪胁褌懈泻邪</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/enc/astronomiya" title="袗褋褌褉芯薪芯屑懈褟">袗褋褌褉芯薪芯屑懈褟</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/enc/biologiya" title="袘懈芯谢芯谐懈褟">袘懈芯谢芯谐懈褟</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/enc/voennaya-tehnika" title="袙芯械薪薪邪褟 褌械褏薪懈泻邪">袙芯械薪薪邪褟 褌械褏薪懈泻邪</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/enc/matematika" title="袦邪褌械屑邪褌懈泻邪">袦邪褌械屑邪褌懈泻邪</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/enc/tehnologiya-i-promyshlennost" title="孝械褏薪芯谢芯谐懈褟 懈 袩褉芯屑褘褕谢械薪薪芯褋褌褜">孝械褏薪芯谢芯谐懈褟 懈 袩褉芯屑褘褕谢械薪薪芯褋褌褜</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/enc/transport-i-svyaz" title="孝褉邪薪褋锌芯褉褌 懈 小胁褟蟹褜">孝褉邪薪褋锌芯褉褌 懈 小胁褟蟹褜</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/enc/fizika" title="肖懈蟹懈泻邪">肖懈蟹懈泻邪</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/enc/himiya" title="啸懈屑懈褟">啸懈屑懈褟</a></li> <li class="last leaf"><a href="/enc/energetika-i-stroitelstvo" title="协薪械褉谐械褌懈泻邪 懈 小褌褉芯懈褌械谢褜褋褌胁芯">协薪械褉谐械褌懈泻邪 懈 小褌褉芯懈褌械谢褜褋褌胁芯</a></li> </ul></div> <p class="accordion-header accordion-header-5 last has-children odd menu-mlid-19573"><span title="袟袛袨袪袨袙鞋袝 懈 小袩袨袪孝" class="accordion-link">袟袛袨袪袨袙鞋袝 懈 小袩袨袪孝</span></p> <div class="accordion-content-5"><ul class="menu"><li class="first leaf"><a href="/enc/medicina" title="袦械写懈褑懈薪邪">袦械写懈褑懈薪邪</a></li> <li class="last leaf"><a href="/enc/sport" title="小锌芯褉褌">小锌芯褉褌</a></li> </ul></div> </div> </div> </div> </nav></div> <h1>肖懈谢芯褋芯褎懈褟</h1> <div class=enc-tax> <div class="views-summary views-summary-unformatted"> <a href="/taxonomy/term/37/%D0%B0">袗</a> </div> <div class="views-summary views-summary-unformatted"> <a href="/taxonomy/term/37/%D0%B1">袘</a> </div> <div class="views-summary views-summary-unformatted"> <a href="/taxonomy/term/37/%D0%B2">袙</a> </div> <div class="views-summary views-summary-unformatted"> <a href="/taxonomy/term/37/%D0%B3">袚</a> </div> <div class="views-summary views-summary-unformatted"> <a href="/taxonomy/term/37/%D0%B4">袛</a> </div> <div class="views-summary views-summary-unformatted"> <a href="/taxonomy/term/37/%D0%B5">袝</a> </div> <div class="views-summary views-summary-unformatted"> <a href="/taxonomy/term/37/%D0%B6">袞</a> </div> <div class="views-summary views-summary-unformatted"> <a href="/taxonomy/term/37/%D0%B7">袟</a> </div> <div class="views-summary views-summary-unformatted"> <a href="/taxonomy/term/37/%D0%B8">袠</a> </div> <div class="views-summary views-summary-unformatted"> <a href="/taxonomy/term/37/%D0%B9">袡</a> </div> <div class="views-summary views-summary-unformatted"> <a href="/taxonomy/term/37/%D0%BA">袣</a> </div> <div class="views-summary views-summary-unformatted"> <a href="/taxonomy/term/37/%D0%BB">袥</a> </div> <div class="views-summary views-summary-unformatted"> <a href="/taxonomy/term/37/%D0%BC">袦</a> </div> <div class="views-summary views-summary-unformatted"> <a href="/taxonomy/term/37/%D0%BD">袧</a> </div> <div class="views-summary views-summary-unformatted"> <a href="/taxonomy/term/37/%D0%BE">袨</a> </div> <div class="views-summary views-summary-unformatted"> <a href="/taxonomy/term/37/%D0%BF">袩</a> </div> <div class="views-summary views-summary-unformatted"> <a href="/taxonomy/term/37/%D1%80">袪</a> </div> <div class="views-summary views-summary-unformatted"> <a href="/taxonomy/term/37/%D1%81">小</a> </div> <div class="views-summary views-summary-unformatted"> <a href="/taxonomy/term/37/%D1%82">孝</a> </div> <div class="views-summary views-summary-unformatted"> <a href="/taxonomy/term/37/%D1%83">校</a> </div> <div class="views-summary views-summary-unformatted"> <a href="/taxonomy/term/37/%D1%84">肖</a> </div> <div class="views-summary views-summary-unformatted"> <a href="/taxonomy/term/37/%D1%85">啸</a> </div> <div class="views-summary views-summary-unformatted"> <a href="/taxonomy/term/37/%D1%86">笑</a> </div> <div class="views-summary views-summary-unformatted"> <a href="/taxonomy/term/37/%D1%87">效</a> </div> <div class="views-summary views-summary-unformatted"> <a href="/taxonomy/term/37/%D1%88">楔</a> </div> <div class="views-summary views-summary-unformatted"> <a href="/taxonomy/term/37/%D1%89">些</a> </div> <div class="views-summary views-summary-unformatted"> <a href="/taxonomy/term/37/%D1%8D">协</a> </div> <div class="views-summary views-summary-unformatted"> <a href="/taxonomy/term/37/%D1%8E" class="active">挟</a> </div> <div class="views-summary views-summary-unformatted"> <a href="/taxonomy/term/37/%D1%8F">携</a> </div> <div class="article-teaser"> <a href="/enc/filosofiya/yu-u"> <div class="at-title">挟 - 校</div> <div class="at-text">挟 – 校. «袧邪谢懈褔懈械/斜褘褌懈械» – «芯褌褋褍褌褋褌胁懈械/薪械斜褘褌懈械». 袗薪褌芯薪懈屑懈褔薪邪褟 锌邪褉邪 芯褋薪芯胁芯锌芯谢邪谐邪褞褖懈褏 泻邪褌械谐芯褉懈泄 泻懈褌邪泄褋泻芯泄 褎懈谢芯褋芯褎懈懈, 褎褍薪泻褑懈芯薪邪谢褜薪芯 邪薪邪谢芯谐懈褔薪邪褟 械胁褉芯锌械泄褋泻芯泄...</div> </a> </div> <div class="article-teaser"> <a href="/enc/gumanitarnye_nauki/filosofiya/YUBER_RENE.html"> <div class="at-title">挟袘袝袪, 袪袝袧袝</div> <div class="at-text">挟袘袝袪, 袪袝袧袝 (Hubert, René) (1885–1954), 褎褉邪薪褑褍蟹褋泻懈泄 褎懈谢芯褋芯褎. 校褔懈谢褋褟 胁 袙褘褋褕械屑 锌械写邪谐芯谐懈褔械褋泻芯屑 懈薪褋褌懈褌褍褌械 (1905–1908), 锌褉械锌芯写邪胁邪谢 褎懈谢芯褋芯褎懈褞 胁 谢懈褑械褟褏 楔邪褉褌褉邪 懈 袦邪褉褋械谢褟 (1908–...</div> </a> </div> <div class="article-teaser"> <a href="/enc/kultura_i_obrazovanie/religiya/YUGI.html"> <div class="at-title">挟袚袠</div> <div class="at-text">挟袚袠 (褋邪薪褋泻褉. yuga – «褍锌褉褟卸泻邪», «锌邪褉邪»), 褝锌芯褏懈 懈褋褌芯褉懈懈 屑懈褉邪 胁 懈薪写褍懈褋褌褋泻芯泄 锌邪褉邪懈褋褌芯褉懈褔械褋泻芯泄 屑懈褎芯谢芯谐懈懈, 锌械褉胁褘械 褍锌芯屑懈薪邪薪懈褟 芯 泻芯褌芯褉褘褏 胁芯褋褏芯写褟褌 泻 胁械写懈泄褋泻芯泄 谢懈褌械褉邪褌褍褉械 懈...</div> </a> </div> <div class="article-teaser"> <a href="/enc/kultura_i_obrazovanie/religiya/YUKTIDIPIKA.html"> <div class="at-title">挟袣孝袠袛袠袩袠袣袗</div> <div class="at-text">挟袣孝袠袛袠袩袠袣袗 (褋邪薪褋泻褉. – «小胁械褌懈谢褜薪懈泻 谢芯谐懈褔械褋泻芯谐芯 写懈褋泻褍褉褋邪»), 褋懈褋褌械屑薪褘泄 懈 芯斜褋褌芯褟褌械谢褜薪褘泄 泻芯屑屑械薪褌邪褉懈泄 泻 小邪薪泻褏褜褟-泻邪褉懈泻械. 啸芯褉芯褕械械 蟹薪邪薪懈械 邪胁褌芯褉芯屑 挟泻褌懈写懈锌懈泻懈 锌芯谢芯卸械薪懈泄 袘褏邪褉褌褉懈褏邪褉懈 (5 胁...</div> </a> </div> <div class="article-teaser"> <a href="/enc/gumanitarnye_nauki/filosofiya/YULIAN_FLAVI_KLAVDI.html"> <div class="at-title">挟袥袠袗袧 肖袥袗袙袠袡 袣袥袗袙袛袠袡 (袨孝小孝校袩袧袠袣)</div> <div class="at-text">挟袥袠袗袧 肖袥袗袙袠袡 袣袥袗袙袛袠袡 (Flavius Claudius Julianus) (331–363) – 褉懈屑褋泻懈泄 懈屑锌械褉邪褌芯褉 (361–363), 褉芯写懈谢褋褟 胁 袣芯薪褋褌邪薪褌懈薪芯锌芯谢械, 褋褘薪 挟谢懈褟 袣芯薪褋褌邪薪褑懈褟, 褋胁芯写薪芯谐芯 斜褉邪褌邪 袣芯薪褋褌邪薪褌懈薪邪 I...</div> </a> </div> <div class="article-teaser"> <a href="/enc/istoriya/YUM_DEVID.html"> <div class="at-title">挟袦, 袛协袙袠袛</div> <div class="at-text">挟袦, 袛协袙袠袛 (Hume, David) (1711–1776), 褕芯褌谢邪薪写褋泻懈泄 褎懈谢芯褋芯褎, 懈褋褌芯褉懈泻, 褝泻芯薪芯屑懈褋褌 懈 谢懈褌械褉邪褌芯褉. 袪芯写懈谢褋褟 胁 协写懈薪斜褍褉谐械 7 屑邪褟 1711. 袝谐芯 芯褌械褑, 袛卸芯蟹械褎 挟屑, 斜褘谢 邪写胁芯泻邪褌芯屑 懈 锌褉懈薪邪写谢械卸邪谢 泻 写褉械胁薪械屑褍 写芯屑褍...</div> </a> </div> <div class="article-teaser"> <a href="/enc/gumanitarnye_nauki/filosofiya/YURKEVICH_PAMFIL_DANILOVICH.html"> <div class="at-title">挟袪袣袝袙袠效, 袩袗袦肖袠袥 袛袗袧袠袥袨袙袠效</div> <div class="at-text">挟袪袣袝袙袠效, 袩袗袦肖袠袥 袛袗袧袠袥袨袙袠效 (1826–1874), 褉褍褋褋泻懈泄 褎懈谢芯褋芯褎. 袪芯写懈谢褋褟 16 (28) 褎械胁褉邪谢褟 1826 胁 褋.袥懈锌谢褟胁芯械 袩芯谢褌邪胁褋泻芯泄 谐褍斜械褉薪懈懈. 袙 1851 芯泻芯薪褔懈谢 袣懈械胁褋泻褍褞 写褍褏芯胁薪褍褞 邪泻邪写械屑懈褞. 小 1858 – 锌褉芯褎械褋褋芯褉...</div> </a> </div> <div class="article-teaser"> <a href="/enc/kultura_i_obrazovanie/religiya/YUSTIN_MUCHENIK_SV.html"> <div class="at-title">挟小孝袠袧 袦校效袝袧袠袣, 小袙.</div> <div class="at-text">挟小孝袠袧 袦校效袝袧袠袣, 小袙. (芯泻. 100 – 芯泻. 165), 褎懈谢芯褋芯褎 懈 褏褉懈褋褌懈邪薪褋泻懈泄 邪锌芯谢芯谐械褌, 褉芯写懈谢褋褟 胁 谐褉械褔械褋泻芯泄 褋械屑褜械 胁 袩邪谢械褋褌懈薪褋泻芯屑 袧械邪锌芯谢械 (褋芯胁褉. 袧邪斜谢褍褋). 袩芯谢褍褔懈胁 泻谢邪褋褋懈褔械褋泻芯械 芯斜褉邪蟹芯胁邪薪懈械, 褌褖械褌薪芯 懈褋泻邪谢 胁...</div> </a> </div> </div></div> <!--noindex--> <div id="navbar"> <div class="navbot"> <a href="#encnav"><div class="enc" title="袪邪蟹写械谢褘 褝薪褑懈泻谢芯锌械写懈懈" onClick="tapSubEnc(1)">袪邪蟹写械谢褘 褝薪褑懈泻谢芯锌械写懈懈</div></a></div></div> <!--/noindex--> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <footer id="footer"> <div class="menu-bottom"> <ul class="menu"><li class="first leaf"><a href="/quiz">孝械褋褌褘</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/terms-of-use" title="袩褉邪胁懈谢邪 懈褋锌芯谢褜蟹芯胁邪薪懈褟">袩褉邪胁懈谢邪</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/authors" title="小芯褋褌邪胁懈褌械谢懈 褝薪褑懈泻谢芯锌械写懈懈">袗胁褌芯褉褘</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/about" title="袨 锌褉芯械泻褌械">袨 锌褉芯械泻褌械</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/advertising" title="袪械泻谢邪屑邪 薪邪 褋邪泄褌械">袪械泻谢邪屑邪</a></li> <li class="last leaf"><a href="/contact" title="袣芯薪褌邪泻褌薪邪褟 懈薪褎芯褉屑邪褑懈褟">袣芯薪褌邪泻褌褘</a></li> </ul></div><div class="smallest">漏 1997-2024 校薪懈胁械褉褋邪谢褜薪邪褟 薪邪褍褔薪芯-锌芯锌褍谢褟褉薪邪褟 褝薪褑懈泻谢芯锌械写懈褟 袣褉褍谐芯褋胁械褌</div> </footer> </div><script type="text/javascript"> <!--//--><![CDATA[//><!-- jQuery(function() { jQuery('.accordion-menu-1').accordion({ animate: 'swing', collapsible: true, event: 'mousedown', header: 'p', heightStyle: 'content', icons: { header: 'ui-icon-triangle-1-e', activeHeader: 'ui-icon-triangle-1-s' }, active: false }); jQuery('.accordion-menu-1 .accordion-header.no-children').each(function(index, element) { jQuery(this) .unbind() .children('.ui-icon') .removeClass('ui-icon-triangle-1-e') .addClass('ui-icon-triangle-1-s'); }); }); //--><!]]> </script> <!--noindex--> <div class="count-li"> <!--LiveInternet counter--><script type="text/javascript"> document.write("<a href='//www.liveinternet.ru/click' "+ "target=_blank><img src='//counter.yadro.ru/hit?t45.5;r"+ escape(document.referrer)+((typeof(screen)=="undefined")?"": ";s"+screen.width+"*"+screen.height+"*"+(screen.colorDepth? screen.colorDepth:screen.pixelDepth))+";u"+escape(document.URL)+ ";h"+escape(document.title.substring(0,150))+";"+Math.random()+ "' alt='' title='LiveInternet' "+ "border='0' width='31' height='31'><\/a>") </script><!--/LiveInternet--> </div> <!-- Yandex.Metrika counter --> <script type="text/javascript" > (function (d, w, c) { (w[c] = w[c] || []).push(function() { try { w.yaCounter47649025 = new Ya.Metrika({ id:47649025, clickmap:true, trackLinks:true, accurateTrackBounce:true }); } catch(e) { } }); var n = d.getElementsByTagName("script")[0], s = d.createElement("script"), f = function () { n.parentNode.insertBefore(s, n); }; s.type = "text/javascript"; s.async = true; s.src = "https://mc.yandex.ru/metrika/watch.js"; if (w.opera == "[object Opera]") { d.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", f, false); } else { f(); } })(document, window, "yandex_metrika_callbacks"); </script> <noscript><div><img src="https://mc.yandex.ru/watch/47649025" style="position:absolute; left:-9999px;" alt="" /></div></noscript> <!-- /Yandex.Metrika counter --> <!--/noindex--> </body> </html>