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isolation; extraction; polarity; chromatography; precipitation; bioactivity; phytopreparation; chrysophanol; aloe-emodin; emodin; physcion.</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: anthraquinones; isolation; extraction; polarity; chromatography; precipitation; bioactivity; phytopreparation; chrysophanol; aloe-emodin; emodin; physcion."> <meta name="keywords" content="anthraquinones; isolation; extraction; polarity; chromatography; precipitation; bioactivity; phytopreparation; chrysophanol; aloe-emodin; emodin; physcion."> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarMenu" aria-controls="navbarMenu" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"> <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span> </button> <div class="w-100"> <div class="d-none d-lg-flex flex-row-reverse"> <form method="get" action="https://waset.org/search" class="form-inline my-2 my-lg-0"> <input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="search" placeholder="Search Conferences" value="anthraquinones; 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isolation; extraction; polarity; chromatography; precipitation; bioactivity; phytopreparation; chrysophanol; aloe-emodin; emodin; physcion."> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 4342</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: anthraquinones; isolation; extraction; polarity; chromatography; precipitation; bioactivity; phytopreparation; chrysophanol; aloe-emodin; emodin; physcion.</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4342</span> Technologies of Isolation and Separation of Anthraquinone Derivatives </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dmitry%20Yu.%20Korulkin">Dmitry Yu. Korulkin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raissa%20A.%20Muzychkina"> Raissa A. Muzychkina</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In review the generalized data about different methods of extraction, separation and purification of natural and modify anthraquinones is presented. The basic regularity of an isolation process is analyzed. Action of temperature, pH, and polarity of extragent, catalysts and other factors on an isolation process is revealed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anthraquinones%3B%20isolation%3B%20extraction%3B%20polarity%3B%20chromatography%3B%20precipitation%3B%20bioactivity%3B%20phytopreparation%3B%20chrysophanol%3B%20aloe-emodin%3B%20emodin%3B%20physcion." title="anthraquinones; isolation; extraction; polarity; chromatography; precipitation; bioactivity; phytopreparation; chrysophanol; aloe-emodin; emodin; physcion.">anthraquinones; isolation; extraction; polarity; chromatography; precipitation; bioactivity; phytopreparation; chrysophanol; aloe-emodin; emodin; physcion.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11437/technologies-of-isolation-and-separation-of-anthraquinone-derivatives" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11437.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">341</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4341</span> Identification and Quantification of Phenolic Compounds In Cassia tora Collected from Three Different Locations Using Ultra High Performance Liquid Chromatography – Electro Spray Ionization – Mass Spectrometry (UHPLC-ESI-MS-MS)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shipra%20Shukla">Shipra Shukla</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gaurav%20Chaudhary"> Gaurav Chaudhary</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20K.%20Tewari"> S. K. Tewari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahesh%20Pal"> Mahesh Pal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20K.%20Upreti"> D. K. Upreti</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cassia tora L. is widely distributed in tropical Asian countries, commonly known as sickle pod. Various parts of the plant are reported for their medicinal value due to presence of anthraquinones, phenolic compounds, emodin, β-sitosterol, and chrysophanol. Therefore a sensitive analytical procedure using UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS was developed and validated for simultaneous quantification of five phenolic compounds in leaf, stem and root extracts of Cassia tora. Rapid chromatographic separation of compounds was achieved on Acquity UHPLC BEH C18 column (50 mm×2.1 mm id, 1.7µm) column in 2.5 min. Quantification was carried out using negative electrospray ionization in multiple-reaction monitoring mode. The method was validated as per ICH guidelines and showed good linearity (r2 ≥ 0.9985) over the concentration range of 0.5-200 ng/mL. The intra- and inter-day precisions and accuracy were within RSDs ≤ 1.93% and ≤ 1.90%, respectively. The developed method was applied to investigate variation of five phenolic compounds in the three geographical collections. Results indicated significant variation among analyzed samples collected from different locations in India. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cassia%20tora" title="Cassia tora">Cassia tora</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phenolic%20compounds" title=" phenolic compounds"> phenolic compounds</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quantification" title=" quantification"> quantification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=UHPLC-ESI-MS%2FMS" title=" UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS"> UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56791/identification-and-quantification-of-phenolic-compounds-in-cassia-tora-collected-from-three-different-locations-using-ultra-high-performance-liquid-chromatography-electro-spray-ionization-mass-spectrometry-uhplc-esi-ms-ms" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56791.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">269</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4340</span> Chemical Analysis and Cytotoxic Evaluation of Asphodelus Aestivus Brot. Flowers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mai%20M.%20Farid">Mai M. Farid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mona%20El-Shabrawy"> Mona El-Shabrawy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sameh%20R.%20Hussein"> Sameh R. Hussein</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20Elkhateeb"> Ahmed Elkhateeb</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=El-Said%20S.%20Abdel-Hameed"> El-Said S. Abdel-Hameed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mona%20M.%20Marzouk"> Mona M. Marzouk</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Asphodelus aestivus Brot. Is a wild plant distributed in Egypt and is considered one of the five Asphodelus spp. from the family Asphodelaceae; it grows in dry grasslands and on rocky or sandy soil. The chemical components of A. aestivus flowers extract were analyzed using different chromatographic and spectral techniques and led to the isolation of two anthraquinones identified as emodin and emodin-O-glucoside. In addition to, five flavonoid compounds;kaempferol,Kaempferol-3-O-glucoside,Apigenin-6-C-glucoside-7-O-glucoside (Saponarine), luteolin 7-O-β-glucopyranoside, Isoorientin-O-malic acid which is a new compound in nature. The LC-ESI-MS/MS analysis of the flower extract of A. aestivus led to the identification of twenty- two compounds characterized by the presence of flavones, flavonols, and flavone C-glycosides. While GC/MS analysis led to the identification of 24 compounds comprising 98.32% of the oil, the major components of the oil were 9, 12, 15-Octadecatrieoic acid methyl ester 28.72%, and 9, 12-Octadecadieroic acid (Z, Z)-methyl ester 19.96%. In vitro cytotoxic activity of the aqueous methanol extract of A. aestivus flowers against HEPG2, HCT-116, MCF-7, and A549 culture was examined and showed moderate inhibition (62.3±1.1)% on HEPG2 cell line followed by (36.8±0.2)% inhibition on HCT-116 and a weak inhibition (5.7± 0.0.2) on MCF-7 cell line followed by (4.5± 0.4) % inhibition on A549 cell line and this is considered the first cytotoxic report of A. aestivus flowers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anthraquinones" title="Anthraquinones">Anthraquinones</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asphodelus%20aestivus" title=" Asphodelus aestivus"> Asphodelus aestivus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cytotoxic%20activity" title=" Cytotoxic activity"> Cytotoxic activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Flavonoids" title=" Flavonoids"> Flavonoids</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LC-ESI-MS%2FMS" title=" LC-ESI-MS/MS"> LC-ESI-MS/MS</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/131479/chemical-analysis-and-cytotoxic-evaluation-of-asphodelus-aestivus-brot-flowers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/131479.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">222</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4339</span> Physiological Action of Anthraquinone-Containing Preparations</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dmitry%20Yu.%20Korulkin">Dmitry Yu. Korulkin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raissa%20A.%20Muzychkina"> Raissa A. Muzychkina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Evgenii%20N.%20Kojaev"> Evgenii N. Kojaev</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In review the generalized data about biological activity of anthraquinone-containing plants and specimens on their basis is presented. Data of traditional medicine, results of bioscreening and clinical researches of specimens are analyzed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anthraquinones" title="anthraquinones">anthraquinones</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physiologically%20active%20substances" title=" physiologically active substances"> physiologically active substances</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phytopreparation" title=" phytopreparation"> phytopreparation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ramon" title=" Ramon"> Ramon</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11434/physiological-action-of-anthraquinone-containing-preparations" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11434.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">376</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4338</span> Microwave Accelerated Simultaneous Distillation –Extraction: Preparative Recovery of Volatiles from Food Products</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ferhat%20Mohamed">Ferhat Mohamed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Boukhatem%20Mohamed%20Nadjib"> Boukhatem Mohamed Nadjib</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chemat%20Farid"> Chemat Farid</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Simultaneous distillation–extraction (SDE) is routinely used by analysts for sample preparation prior to gas chromatography analysis. In this work, a new process design and operation for microwave assisted simultaneous distillation – solvent extraction (MW-SDE) of volatile compounds was developed. Using the proposed method, isolation, extraction and concentration of volatile compounds can be carried out in a single step. To demonstrate its feasibility, MW-SDE was compared with the conventional technique, Simultaneous distillation–extraction (SDE), for gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of volatile compounds in a fresh orange juice and a dry spice “carvi seeds”. SDE method required long time (3 h) to isolate the volatile compounds, and large amount of organic solvent (200 mL of hexane) for further extraction, while MW-SDE needed little time (only 30 min) to prepare sample, and less amount of organic solvent (10 mL of hexane). These results show that MW-SDE–GC-MS is a simple, rapid and solvent-less method for determination of volatile compounds from aromatic plants. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=essential%20oil" title="essential oil">essential oil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=extraction" title=" extraction"> extraction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distillation" title=" distillation"> distillation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carvi%20seeds" title=" carvi seeds"> carvi seeds</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30977/microwave-accelerated-simultaneous-distillation-extraction-preparative-recovery-of-volatiles-from-food-products" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30977.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">560</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4337</span> Wet Extraction of Lutein and Lipids from Microalga by Quantitative Determination of Polarity</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mengyue%20Gong">Mengyue Gong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xinyi%20Li"> Xinyi Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amarjeet%20Bassi"> Amarjeet Bassi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Harvesting by-products while recovering biodiesel is considered a potentially valuable approach to increase the market feasibility of microalgae industry. Lutein is a possible by-product from microalgae that promotes eye health. The extraction efficiency and the expensive drying process of wet algae represent the major challenges for the utilization of microalgae biomass as a feedstock for lipids, proteins, and carotenoids. A wet extraction method was developed to extract lipids and lutein from microalga Chlorella vulgaris. To evaluate different solvent (mixtures) for the extraction, a quantitative analysis was established based on the polarity of solvents using Nile Red as the polarity (ETN) indicator. By the choice of binary solvent system then adding proper amount of water to achieve phase separation, lipids and lutein can be extracted simultaneously. Some other parameters for lipids and lutein production were also studied including saponification time, temperature, choice of alkali, and pre-treatment methods. The extraction efficiency with wet algae was compared with dried algae and shown better pigment recovery. The results indicated that the product pattern in each extracted phase was polarity dependent. Lutein and β-carotene were the main carotenoids extracted with ethanol while lipids come out with hexane. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biodiesel" title="biodiesel">biodiesel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chlorella%20vulgaris" title=" Chlorella vulgaris"> Chlorella vulgaris</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=extraction" title=" extraction"> extraction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lutein" title=" lutein"> lutein</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56710/wet-extraction-of-lutein-and-lipids-from-microalga-by-quantitative-determination-of-polarity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56710.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">341</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4336</span> Analysis of Caffeic Acid from Myrica nagi Leaves by High Performance Liquid Chromatography </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Preeti%20Panthari">Preeti Panthari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Harsha%20Kharkwal"> Harsha Kharkwal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Myrica nagi belongs to Myricaceae family. It is known for its therapeutic use since ancient times. The leaves were extracted with methanol and further fractioned with different solvents with increasing polarity. The n-butanol fraction of methanol extract was passed through celite, on separation through silica gel column chromatography yielded ten fractions. For the first time we report isolation of Caffeic acid from n-butanol fraction of Myrica nagi leaves in Chloroform: methanol (70:30) fraction. The mobile phase used for analysis in HPLC was Methanol: water (60:40) at the flow rate of 1 ml/min at wavelength of 280 nm. The retention time was 2.66 mins. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Myrica%20nagi" title="Myrica nagi">Myrica nagi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=column%20chromatography" title=" column chromatography"> column chromatography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=retention%20time" title=" retention time"> retention time</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=caffeic%20acid" title=" caffeic acid"> caffeic acid</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18957/analysis-of-caffeic-acid-from-myrica-nagi-leaves-by-high-performance-liquid-chromatography" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18957.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">553</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4335</span> Isolement and Identification of Major Constituents from Essential Oil of Launaea nudicaulis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Yakoubi">M. Yakoubi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Belboukhari"> N. Belboukhari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Cheriti"> A. Cheriti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Sekoum"> K. Sekoum</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Launaea nudicaulis (L.) Hook.f. is a desert, spontaneous plant and endemic to northem Sahara, which belongs to the Asteraceae family. This species exists in the region of Bechar (Local name; El-Rghamma). In our knowledge, no work has been founded, except studies showing the antimicrobial and antifungal activity of methalonic extract of this plant. The present paper describes the chemical composition of the essential oil from Launaea nudicaulis and qualification of isolation and identification of some pure products by column chromatography. The essential oil from the aerial parts of Launaea nudicaulis (Asteraceae) was obtained by hydroditillation in 0.4% yield, led to isolation of four several new products. The isolation is made by column chromatography and followed by GC-IK and GC-MS analysis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Launaea%20nudicaulis" title="Launaea nudicaulis">Launaea nudicaulis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=asteraceae" title=" asteraceae"> asteraceae</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=essential%20oil" title=" essential oil"> essential oil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=column%20chromatography" title=" column chromatography"> column chromatography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GC-FID" title=" GC-FID"> GC-FID</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GC-MS" title=" GC-MS"> GC-MS</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10415/isolement-and-identification-of-major-constituents-from-essential-oil-of-launaea-nudicaulis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10415.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">301</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4334</span> Approach to Honey Volatiles' Profiling by Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Igor%20Jerkovic">Igor Jerkovic</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Biodiversity of flora provides many different nectar sources for the bees. Unifloral honeys possess distinctive flavours, mainly derived from their nectar sources (characteristic volatile organic components (VOCs)). Specific or nonspecific VOCs (chemical markers) could be used for unifloral honey characterisation as addition to the melissopalynologycal analysis. The main honey volatiles belong, in general, to three principal categories: terpenes, norisoprenoids, and benzene derivatives. Some of these substances have been described as characteristics of the floral source, and other compounds, like several alcohols, branched aldehydes, and furan derivatives, may be related to the microbial purity of honey processing and storage conditions. Selection of the extraction method for the honey volatiles profiling should consider that heating of the honey produce different artefacts and therefore conventional methods of VOCs isolation (such as hydrodistillation) cannot be applied for the honey. Two-way approach for the isolation of the honey VOCs was applied using headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) and ultrasonic solvent extraction (USE). The extracts were analysed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS). HS-SPME (with the fibers of different polarity such as polydimethylsiloxane/ divinylbenzene (PDMS/DVB) or divinylbenzene/carboxene/ polydimethylsiloxane (DVB/CAR/PDMS)) enabled isolation of high volatile headspace VOCs of the honey samples. Among them, some characteristic or specific compounds can be found such as 3,4-dihydro-3-oxoedulan (in Centaurea cyanus L. honey) or 1H-indole, methyl anthranilate, and cis-jasmone (in Citrus unshiu Marc. honey). USE with different solvents (mainly dichloromethane or the mixture pentane : diethyl ether 1 : 2 v/v) enabled isolation of less volatile and semi-volatile VOCs of the honey samples. Characteristic compounds from C. unshiu honey extracts were caffeine, 1H-indole, 1,3-dihydro-2H-indol-2-one, methyl anthranilate, and phenylacetonitrile. Sometimes, the selection of solvent sequence was useful for more complete profiling such as sequence I: pentane → diethyl ether or sequence II: pentane → pentane/diethyl ether (1:2, v/v) → dichloromethane). The extracts with diethyl ether contained hydroquinone and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid as the major compounds, while (E)-4-(r-1’,t-2’,c-4’-trihydroxy-2’,6’,6’-trimethylcyclo-hexyl)but-3-en-2-one predominated in dichloromethane extracts of Allium ursinum L. honey. With this two-way approach, it was possible to obtain a more detailed insight into the honey volatile and semi-volatile compounds and to minimize the risks of compound discrimination due to their partial extraction that is of significant importance for the complete honey profiling and identification of the chemical biomarkers that can complement the pollen analysis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=honey%20chemical%20biomarkers" title="honey chemical biomarkers">honey chemical biomarkers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=honey%20volatile%20compounds%20profiling" title=" honey volatile compounds profiling"> honey volatile compounds profiling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=headspace%20solid-phase%20microextraction%20%28HS-SPME%29" title=" headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME)"> headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrasonic%20solvent%20extraction%20%28USE%29" title=" ultrasonic solvent extraction (USE)"> ultrasonic solvent extraction (USE)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81756/approach-to-honey-volatiles-profiling-by-gas-chromatography-and-mass-spectrometry" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81756.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">202</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4333</span> Assessing the Bioactivity and Cell Viability of Apatite-Wollastonite Glass Ceramics Prepared via Spray Pyrolysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andualem%20Workie">Andualem Workie</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, we examined the sinterability and bioactivity of MgO-SiO₂-P₂O₅-CaO-CaF₂ glass compositions created through spray pyrolysis. We evaluated the bioactivity of the materials by immersing them for varying periods of time in simulated bodily fluid (SBF) and found that bioactivity was related to the sintering temperature and soaking time. The material's pH value during immersion in SBF was within the range of 7.4-8.2, which is below 8.5 and improves compatibility and reduces toxicity in biological applications. We used X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy to determine the phase compositions and morphologies of the samples and found that the 1100°C sintered A-W GC sample exhibited the highest bioactivity after soaking in SBF. This sample was dominated by fluorapatite, wollastonite, and whitlockite crystals scattered throughout the glass matrix. The crystallinity (%) of the A-W GC increased as its bioactivity improved, making it more suitable for use in pharmaceutical applications. We also conducted a cytotoxicity test on A-W GC samples sintered at different temperatures and found that the glass-ceramics were non-toxic to MC3T3-E1 cells at all extraction concentrations, except for those sintered at 700°C at concentrations of 250, 200, and 150 mg/ml where cell viability (%) was below the threshold of 70%. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=apatite%20wollastonite%20glass%20ceramics" title="apatite wollastonite glass ceramics">apatite wollastonite glass ceramics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bioactivity" title=" bioactivity"> bioactivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calcination" title=" calcination"> calcination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cell%20viability" title=" cell viability"> cell viability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161946/assessing-the-bioactivity-and-cell-viability-of-apatite-wollastonite-glass-ceramics-prepared-via-spray-pyrolysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161946.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">103</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4332</span> Chromatography Study of Fundamental Properties of Medical Radioisotope Astatine-211</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Evgeny%20E.%20Tereshatov">Evgeny E. Tereshatov</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Astatine-211 is considered one of the most promising radionuclides for Targeted Alpha Therapy. In order to develop reliable procedures to label biomolecules and utilize efficient delivery vehicle principles, one should understand the main chemical characteristics of astatine. The short half-life of 211At (~7.2 h) and absence of any stable isotopes of this element are limiting factors towards studying the behavior of astatine. Our team has developed a procedure for rapid and efficient isolation of astatine from irradiated bismuth material in nitric acid media based on 3-octanone and 1-octanol extraction chromatography resins. This process has been automated and it takes 20 min from the beginning of the target dissolution to the At-211 fraction elution. Our next step is to consider commercially available chromatography resins and their applicability in astatine purification in the same media. Results obtained along with the corresponding sorption mechanisms will be discussed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=astatine-211" title="astatine-211">astatine-211</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chromatography" title=" chromatography"> chromatography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=automation" title=" automation"> automation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanism" title=" mechanism"> mechanism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiopharmaceuticals" title=" radiopharmaceuticals"> radiopharmaceuticals</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152922/chromatography-study-of-fundamental-properties-of-medical-radioisotope-astatine-211" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152922.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">91</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4331</span> Isolation of Antimicrobial Compounds from Marine Sponge Neopetrosia exigua</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Haitham%20Qaralleh">Haitham Qaralleh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Syed%20Z.%20Idid"> Syed Z. Idid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shahbudin%20Saad"> Shahbudin Saad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Deny%20Susanti"> Deny Susanti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Osama%20Althunibat"> Osama Althunibat</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study was carried out to isolate the active antimicrobial compounds from Neopetrosia exigua using bio-guided assay isolation against Staphylococcus aureus. N. exigua was extracted using methanol and subjected to liquid-liquid extraction using solvents with different polarity (n-hexane, carbon tetrachloride, dichloromethane, n-butanol and water). Purification of the active components of n-butanol and dichloromethane fractions was done using Sephadex LH-20 and reverse phase chromatography. Based on the biological guided fractionation results, dichloromethane and n-butanol fractions showed the highest antimicrobial activity. Purification of the active components of n-butanol and dichloromethane fractions yielded three compounds. The structure of the isolated compounds were elucidated and found to be 5-hydroxy-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid methyl ester, cyclo-1`-demethylcystalgerone and avarol derivative. Avarol was showed potent bactericidal effect against S. aureus. N. exigua appears to be rich source of natural antimicrobial agents. Further studies are needed to investigate the mode of action of these compounds. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antimicrobial" title="antimicrobial">antimicrobial</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=avarol" title=" avarol"> avarol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Neopetrosia%20exigua" title=" Neopetrosia exigua"> Neopetrosia exigua</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Staphylococcus%20aureus" title=" Staphylococcus aureus"> Staphylococcus aureus</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10115/isolation-of-antimicrobial-compounds-from-marine-sponge-neopetrosia-exigua" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10115.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">433</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4330</span> On-Line Super Critical Fluid Extraction, Supercritical Fluid Chromatography, Mass Spectrometry, a Technique in Pharmaceutical Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Narayana%20Murthy%20Akurathi">Narayana Murthy Akurathi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vijaya%20Lakshmi%20Marella"> Vijaya Lakshmi Marella</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The literature is reviewed with regard to online Super critical fluid extraction (SFE) coupled directly with supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) -mass spectrometry that have typically more sensitive than conventional LC-MS/MS and GC-MS/MS. It is becoming increasingly interesting to use on-line techniques that combine sample preparation, separation and detection in one analytical set up. This provides less human intervention, uses small amount of sample and organic solvent and yields enhanced analyte enrichment in a shorter time. The sample extraction is performed under light shielding and anaerobic conditions, preventing the degradation of thermo labile analytes. It may be able to analyze compounds over a wide polarity range as SFC generally uses carbon dioxide which was collected as a by-product of other chemical reactions or is collected from the atmosphere as it contributes no new chemicals to the environment. The diffusion of solutes in supercritical fluids is about ten times greater than that in liquids and about three times less than in gases which results in a decrease in resistance to mass transfer in the column and allows for fast high resolution separations. The drawback of SFC when using carbon dioxide as mobile phase is that the direct introduction of water samples poses a series of problems, water must therefore be eliminated before it reaches the analytical column. Hundreds of compounds analysed simultaneously by simple enclosing in an extraction vessel. This is mainly applicable for pharmaceutical industry where it can analyse fatty acids and phospholipids that have many analogues as their UV spectrum is very similar, trace additives in polymers, cleaning validation can be conducted by putting swab sample in an extraction vessel, analysing hundreds of pesticides with good resolution. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=super%20critical%20fluid%20extraction%20%28SFE%29" title="super critical fluid extraction (SFE)">super critical fluid extraction (SFE)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=super%20critical%20fluid%20chromatography%20%28SFC%29" title=" super critical fluid chromatography (SFC)"> super critical fluid chromatography (SFC)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LCMS%2FMS" title=" LCMS/MS"> LCMS/MS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GCMS%2FMS" title=" GCMS/MS"> GCMS/MS</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29307/on-line-super-critical-fluid-extraction-supercritical-fluid-chromatography-mass-spectrometry-a-technique-in-pharmaceutical-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29307.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">391</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4329</span> Isolation and Biological Activity of Betulinic and Oleanolic Acids from the Aerial Plant Parts of Maesobotrya Barteri (Baill)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Christiana%20Ene%20Ogwuche">Christiana Ene Ogwuche</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joseph%20Amupitan"> Joseph Amupitan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=George%20Ndukwe"> George Ndukwe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rachael%20Ayo"> Rachael Ayo </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Maesobotrya barteri (Baill), belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae, is a medicinal plant growing widely in tropical Africa. The Aerial plant parts of Maesobotrya barteri (Baill) were collected fresh from Orokam, Ogbadibo local Government of Benue State, Nigeria in July 2013. Taxonomical identification was done by Mallam Musa Abdullahi at the Herbarium unit of Biological Sciences Department, ABU, Zaria, Nigeria. Pulverized aerial parts of Maesobotrya barteri (960g) was exhaustively extracted successively using petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol and concentrated in the rotary evaporator at 40°C. The Petroleum ether extract had the second highest activity against test microbes from preliminary crude microbial screenings. The Petroleum ether extract was subjected to phytochemical studies, antimicrobial analysis and column chromatography (CC). The column chromatography yielded fraction PE, which was further purified using preparative thin layer chromatography to give PE1. The structure of the isolated compound was established using 1-D NMR and 2-D NMR spectroscopic analysis and by direct comparison with data reported in literature was confirmed to be a mixture, an isomer of Betulinic acid and Oleanolic acid, both with the molecular weight (C₃₀H₄₈O₃). The bioactivity of this compound was carried out using some clinical pathogens and the activity compared with standard drugs, and this was found to be comparable with the standard drug. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maesobotrya%20barteri" title="Maesobotrya barteri">Maesobotrya barteri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=medicinal%20plant" title=" medicinal plant"> medicinal plant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bioactivity" title=" bioactivity"> bioactivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=petroleum%20spirit%20extract" title=" petroleum spirit extract"> petroleum spirit extract</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=butellinic%20acid" title=" butellinic acid"> butellinic acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oleanilic%20acid" title=" oleanilic acid"> oleanilic acid</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79031/isolation-and-biological-activity-of-betulinic-and-oleanolic-acids-from-the-aerial-plant-parts-of-maesobotrya-barteri-baill" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79031.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">201</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4328</span> Investigation and Optimization of DNA Isolation Efficiency Using Ferrite-Based Magnetic Nanoparticles</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T%C3%ADmea%20Gerzsenyi">Tímea Gerzsenyi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%C3%81gnes%20M.%20Ilosvai"> Ágnes M. Ilosvai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L%C3%A1szl%C3%B3%20Vanyorek"> László Vanyorek</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emma%20Sz%C5%91ri-Dorogh%C3%A1zi"> Emma Szőri-Dorogházi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> DNA isolation is a crucial step in many molecular biological applications for diagnostic and research purposes. However, traditional extraction requires toxic reagents, and commercially available kits are expensive, this leading to the recently wide-spread method, the magnetic nanoparticle (MNP)-based DNA isolation. Different ferrite containing MNPs were examined and compared in their plasmid DNA isolation efficiency. Among the tested MNPs, one has never been used for the extraction of plasmid molecules, marking a distinct application. pDNA isolation process was optimized for each type of nanoparticle and the best protocol was selected based on different criteria: DNA quantity, quality and integrity. With the best-performing magnetic nanoparticle, which excelled in all aspects, further tests were performed to recover genomic DNA from bacterial cells and a protocol was developed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DNA%20isolation" title="DNA isolation">DNA isolation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanobiotechnology" title=" nanobiotechnology"> nanobiotechnology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20nanoparticles" title=" magnetic nanoparticles"> magnetic nanoparticles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=protocol%20optimization" title=" protocol optimization"> protocol optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pDNA" title=" pDNA"> pDNA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gDNA" title=" gDNA"> gDNA</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/194630/investigation-and-optimization-of-dna-isolation-efficiency-using-ferrite-based-magnetic-nanoparticles" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/194630.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">9</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4327</span> Extraction of Phycocyanin from Spirulina platensis by Isoelectric Point Precipitation and Salting Out for Scale Up Processes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Velasco-Rend%C3%B3n%20Mar%C3%ADa%20Del%20Carmen">Velasco-Rendón María Del Carmen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cu%C3%A9llar-Berm%C3%BAdez%20Sara%20Paulina"> Cuéllar-Bermúdez Sara Paulina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Parra-Sald%C3%ADvar%20Roberto"> Parra-Saldívar Roberto</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Phycocyanin is a blue pigment protein with fluorescent activity produced by cyanobacteria. It has been recently studied to determine its anticancer, antioxidant and antiinflamatory potential. Since 2014 it was approved as a Generally Recognized As Safe (GRAS) proteic pigment for the food industry. Therefore, phycocyanin shows potential for the food, nutraceutical, pharmaceutical and diagnostics industry. Conventional phycocyanin extraction includes buffer solutions and ammonium sulphate followed by chromatography or ATPS for protein separation. Therefore, further purification steps are time-requiring, energy intensive and not suitable for scale-up processing. This work presents an alternative to conventional methods that also allows large scale application with commercially available equipment. The extraction was performed by exposing the dry biomass to mechanical cavitation and salting out with NaCl to use an edible reagent. Also, isoelectric point precipitation was used by addition of HCl and neutralization with NaOH. The results were measured and compared in phycocyanin concentration, purity and extraction yield. Results showed that the best extraction condition was the extraction by salting out with 0.20 M NaCl after 30 minutes cavitation, with a concentration in the supernatant of 2.22 mg/ml, a purity of 3.28 and recovery from crude extract of 81.27%. Mechanical cavitation presumably increased the solvent-biomass contact, making the crude extract visibly dark blue after centrifugation. Compared to other systems, our process has less purification steps, similar concentrations in the phycocyanin-rich fraction and higher purity. The contaminants present in our process edible NaCl or low pHs that can be neutralized. It also can be adapted to a semi-continuous process with commercially available equipment. This characteristics make this process an appealing alternative for phycocyanin extraction as a pigment for the food industry. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=extraction" title="extraction">extraction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phycocyanin" title=" phycocyanin"> phycocyanin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=precipitation" title=" precipitation"> precipitation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scale-up" title=" scale-up"> scale-up</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27087/extraction-of-phycocyanin-from-spirulina-platensis-by-isoelectric-point-precipitation-and-salting-out-for-scale-up-processes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27087.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">438</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4326</span> Performance Evaluation of an Ontology-Based Arabic Sentiment Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salima%20Behdenna">Salima Behdenna</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatiha%20Barigou"> Fatiha Barigou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghalem%20Belalem"> Ghalem Belalem</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Due to the quick increase in the volume of Arabic opinions posted on various social media, Arabic sentiment analysis has become one of the most important areas of research. Compared to English, there is very little works on Arabic sentiment analysis, in particular aspect-based sentiment analysis (ABSA). In ABSA, aspect extraction is the most important task. In this paper, we propose a semantic aspect-based sentiment analysis approach for standard Arabic reviews to extract explicit aspect terms and identify the polarity of the extracted aspects. The proposed approach was evaluated using HAAD datasets. Experiments showed that the proposed approach achieved a good level of performance compared with baseline results. The F-measure was improved by 19% for the aspect term extraction tasks and 55% aspect term polarity task. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sentiment%20analysis" title="sentiment analysis">sentiment analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=opinion%20mining" title=" opinion mining"> opinion mining</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arabic" title=" Arabic"> Arabic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aspect%20level" title=" aspect level"> aspect level</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=opinion" title=" opinion"> opinion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polarity" title=" polarity"> polarity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/135240/performance-evaluation-of-an-ontology-based-arabic-sentiment-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/135240.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">163</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4325</span> Study of Chemical Compounds of Garlic</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20B.%20Bazaralieva">A. B. Bazaralieva</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20A.%20Turgumbayeva"> A. A. Turgumbayeva</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The phytosubstance from garlic was obtained by extraction with liquid carbon dioxide under critical conditions. Methods of processing raw materials are proposed, and the chemical composition of garlic is studied by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. The garlic extract's composition was determined using gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrophotometry (GC-MS). The phytosubstance had 54 constituents. The extract included the following main compounds: Manool (39.56%), Viridifrolol (7%), Podocarpa-1,8,11,13-tetraen-3-one, 14-isopropyl-1,13-dimethoxy- 5,15 percent, (+)-2-Bornanone (4.29%), Thujone (3.49%), Linolic acid ethyl ester (3.41%), and 12-O-Methylcarn. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Allium%20sativum" title="Allium sativum">Allium sativum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bioactive%20compounds%20of%20garlic" title=" bioactive compounds of garlic"> bioactive compounds of garlic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carbon%20dioxide%20extraction%20of%20garlic" title=" carbon dioxide extraction of garlic"> carbon dioxide extraction of garlic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GS-MS%20method" title=" GS-MS method"> GS-MS method</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152011/study-of-chemical-compounds-of-garlic" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152011.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">111</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4324</span> Comparison of Extracellular miRNA from Different Lymphocyte Cell Lines and Isolation Methods</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Christelle%20E.%20Chua">Christelle E. Chua</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alicia%20L.%20Ho"> Alicia L. Ho</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The development of a panel of differential gene expression signatures has been of interest in the field of biomarker discovery for radiation exposure. In the absence of the availability of exposed human subjects, lymphocyte cell lines have often been used as a surrogate to human whole blood, when performing ex vivo irradiation studies. The extent of variation between different lymphocyte cell lines is currently unclear, especially with regard to the expression of extracellular miRNA. This study compares the expression profile of extracellular miRNA isolated from different lymphocyte cell lines. It also compares the profile of miRNA obtained when different exosome isolation kits are used. Lymphocyte cell lines were created using lymphocytes isolated from healthy adult males of similar racial descent (Chinese American and Chinese Singaporean) and immortalised with Epstein-Barr virus. The cell lines were cultured in exosome-free cell culture media for 72h and the cell culture supernatant was removed for exosome isolation. Two exosome isolation kits were used. Total exosome isolation reagent (TEIR, ThermoFisher) is a polyethylene glycol (PEG)-based exosome precipitation kit, while ExoSpin (ES, Cell Guidance Systems) is a PEG-based exosome precipitation kit that includes an additional size exclusion chromatography step. miRNA from the isolated exosomes were isolated using miRNEASY minikit (Qiagen) and analysed using nCounter miRNA assay (Nanostring). Principal component analysis (PCA) results suggested that the overall extracellular miRNA expression profile differed between the lymphocyte cell line originating from the Chinese American donor and the cell line originating from the Chinese Singaporean donor. As the gender, age and racial origins of both donors are similar, this may suggest that there are other genetic or epigenetic differences that account for the variation in extracellular miRNA gene expression in lymphocyte cell lines. However, statistical analysis showed that only 3 miRNA genes had a fold difference > 2 at p < 0.05, suggesting that the differences may not be of that great a significance as to impact overall conclusions drawn from different cell lines. Subsequent analysis using cell lines from other donors will give further insight into the reproducibility of results when difference cell lines are used. PCA results also suggested that the method of exosome isolation impacted the expression profile. 107 miRNA had a fold difference > 2 at p < 0.05. This suggests that the inclusion of an additional size exclusion chromatography step altered the subset of the extracellular vesicles that were isolated. In conclusion, these results suggest that extracellular miRNA can be isolated and analysed from exosomes derived from lymphocyte cell lines. However, care must be taken in the choice of cell line and method of exosome isolation used. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biomarker" title="biomarker">biomarker</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=extracellular%20miRNA" title=" extracellular miRNA"> extracellular miRNA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=isolation%20methods" title=" isolation methods"> isolation methods</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lymphocyte%20cell%20line" title=" lymphocyte cell line"> lymphocyte cell line</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78941/comparison-of-extracellular-mirna-from-different-lymphocyte-cell-lines-and-isolation-methods" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78941.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">199</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4323</span> Study of Chemical Compounds of Garlic</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bazaraliyeva%20Aigerim%20Bakytzhanovna">Bazaraliyeva Aigerim Bakytzhanovna</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Turgumbayeva%20Aknur%20Amanbekovna"> Turgumbayeva Aknur Amanbekovna</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The phytosubstance from garlic was obtained by extraction with liquid carbon dioxide under critical conditions. Methods of processing raw materials are proposed, and the chemical composition of garlic is studied by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. The garlic extract's composition was determined using gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrophotometry (GC-MS). The phytosubstance had 54 constituents. The extract included the following main compounds: Manool (39.56%), Viridifrolol (7%), Podocarpa-1,8,11,13-tetraen-3-one, 14-isopropyl-1,13-dimethoxy- 5,15 percent, (+)-2-Bornanone (4.29%), Thujone (3.49%), Linolic acid ethyl ester (3.41%), and 12-O-Methylcarn. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=allium%20sativum" title="allium sativum">allium sativum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bioactive%20compounds%20of%20garlic" title=" bioactive compounds of garlic"> bioactive compounds of garlic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carbon%20dioxide%20extraction%20of%20garlic" title=" carbon dioxide extraction of garlic"> carbon dioxide extraction of garlic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GS-MS%20method" title=" GS-MS method"> GS-MS method</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151198/study-of-chemical-compounds-of-garlic" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151198.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">80</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4322</span> Use of Fabric Phase Sorptive Extraction with Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry for the Determination of Organochlorine Pesticides in Various Aqueous and Juice Samples</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ramandeep%20Kaur">Ramandeep Kaur</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ashok%20Kumar%20Malik"> Ashok Kumar Malik</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Fabric Phase Sorptive Extraction (FPSE) combined with Gas chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GCMS) has been developed for the determination of nineteen organochlorine pesticides in various aqueous samples. The method consolidates the features of sol-gel derived microextraction sorbents with rich surface chemistry of cellulose fabric substrate which could directly extract sample from complex sample matrices and incredibly improve the operation with decreased pretreatment time. Some vital parameters such as kind and volume of extraction solvent and extraction time were examinedand optimized. Calibration curves were obtained in the concentration range 0.5-500 ng/mL. Under the optimum conditions, the limits of detection (LODs) were in the range 0.033 ng/mL to 0.136 ng/mL. The relative standard deviations (RSDs) for extraction of 10 ng/mL 0f OCPs were less than 10%. The developed method has been applied for the quantification of these compounds in aqueous and fruit juice samples. The results obtained proved the present method to be rapid and feasible for the determination of organochlorine pesticides in aqueous samples. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fabric%20phase%20sorptive%20extraction" title="fabric phase sorptive extraction">fabric phase sorptive extraction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gas%20chromatography-mass%20spectrometry" title=" gas chromatography-mass spectrometry"> gas chromatography-mass spectrometry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organochlorine%20pesticides" title=" organochlorine pesticides"> organochlorine pesticides</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sample%20pretreatment" title=" sample pretreatment"> sample pretreatment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80494/use-of-fabric-phase-sorptive-extraction-with-gas-chromatography-mass-spectrometry-for-the-determination-of-organochlorine-pesticides-in-various-aqueous-and-juice-samples" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80494.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">484</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4321</span> Study of Bis(Trifluoromethylsulfonyl)Imide Based Ionic Liquids by Gas Chromatography</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Mutelet">F. Mutelet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Cesari"> L. Cesari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Development of safer and environmentally friendly processes and products is needed to achieve sustainable production and consumption patterns. Ionic liquids, which are of great interest to the chemical and related industries because of their attractive properties as solvents, should be considered. Ionic liquids are comprised of an asymmetric, bulky organic cation and a weakly coordinating organic or inorganic anion. A large number of possible combinations allows for the ability to ‘fine tune’ the solvent properties for a specific purpose. Physical and chemical properties of ionic liquids are not only influenced by the nature of the cation and the nature of cation substituents but also by the polarity and the size of the anion. These features infer to ionic liquids numerous applications, in organic synthesis, separation processes, and electrochemistry. Separation processes required a good knowledge of the behavior of organic compounds with ionic liquids. Gas chromatography is a useful tool to estimate the interactions between organic compounds and ionic liquids. Indeed, retention data may be used to determine infinite dilution thermodynamic properties of volatile organic compounds in ionic liquids. Among others, the activity coefficient at infinite dilution is a direct measure of solute-ionic liquid interaction. In this work, infinite dilution thermodynamic properties of volatile organic compounds in specific bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide based ionic liquids measured by gas chromatography is presented. It was found that apolar compounds are not miscible in this family of ionic liquids. As expected, the solubility of organic compounds is related to their polarity and hydrogen-bond. Through activity coefficients data, the performance of these ionic liquids was evaluated for different separation processes (benzene/heptane, thiophene/heptane and pyridine/heptane). Results indicate that ionic liquids may be used for the extraction of polar compounds (aromatics, alcohols, pyridine, thiophene, tetrahydrofuran) from aliphatic media. For example, 1-benzylpyridinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide and 1-cyclohexylmethyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide are more efficient for the extraction of aromatics or pyridine from aliphatics than classical solvents. Ionic liquids with long alkyl chain length present important capacity values but their selectivity values are low. In conclusion, we have demonstrated that specific bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide based ILs containing polar chain grafted on the cation (for example benzyl or cyclohexyl) increases considerably their performance in separation processes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interaction%20organic%20solvent-ionic%20liquid" title="interaction organic solvent-ionic liquid">interaction organic solvent-ionic liquid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gas%20chromatography" title=" gas chromatography"> gas chromatography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solvation%20model" title=" solvation model"> solvation model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=COSMO-RS" title=" COSMO-RS"> COSMO-RS</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/106228/study-of-bistrifluoromethylsulfonylimide-based-ionic-liquids-by-gas-chromatography" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/106228.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">109</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4320</span> Bioassay Guided Isolation of Cytotoxic and Antimicrobial Components from Ethyl Acetate Extracts of Cassia sieberiana D.C. (Fabaceae)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sani%20Abubakar">Sani Abubakar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oumar%20Al-Mubarak%20Adoum"> Oumar Al-Mubarak Adoum</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The leaves extracts of Cassia sieberiana D. C. were screened for antimicrobial bioassay against Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, and Escherichia coli and cytotoxicity using Brine Shrimp Test (BST). The crude ethanol extract, Chloroform soluble fraction, aqueous soluble fraction, ethyl acetate soluble fraction, methanol soluble fraction, and n-hexane soluble fraction were tested against antimicrobial and cytotoxicity. The Ethyl acetate fraction obtained proved to be most active in inducing complete lethality at minimum doses in BST and also active on Salmonella typhi. The bioactivity result was used to guide the column chromatography, which led to the isolation of pure compound CSB-8, which was found active in the BST with an LC₅₀ value of 34(722-182)µg/ml and showed remarkable activity on Salmonella typhi (zone of inhibition 25mm) at 10,000µg/ml. The ¹H-NMR, ¹³C NMR, FTIR, and GC-MS spectra of the compound suggested the proposed structure to be 2-pentadecanone. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antimicrobial%20bioassay" title="antimicrobial bioassay">antimicrobial bioassay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cytotoxicity" title=" cytotoxicity"> cytotoxicity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=column%20chromatagraphy" title=" column chromatagraphy"> column chromatagraphy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cassia%20sieberiana%20D.C." title=" Cassia sieberiana D.C."> Cassia sieberiana D.C.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/187049/bioassay-guided-isolation-of-cytotoxic-and-antimicrobial-components-from-ethyl-acetate-extracts-of-cassia-sieberiana-dc-fabaceae" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/187049.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">45</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4319</span> Application of extraction chromatography to the separation of Sc, Zr and Sn isotopes from target materials</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Steffen%20Happel">Steffen Happel</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Non-standard isotopes such as Sc-44/47, Zr-89, and Sn-117mare finding interest is increasing in radiopharmaceutical applications. Methods for the separation of these elements from typical target materials were developed. The methods used in this paper are based on the use of extraction chromatographic resins such as UTEVA, TBP, and DGA resin. Information on the selectivity of the resins (Dw values of selected elements in HCl and HNO3 of varying concentration) will be presented as well as results of the method development such as elution studies, chemical recoveries, and decontamination factors. Developed methods are based on the use of vacuum supported separation allowing for fast and selective separation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=elution" title="elution">elution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=extraction%20chromatography" title=" extraction chromatography"> extraction chromatography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiopharmacy" title=" radiopharmacy"> radiopharmacy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decontamination%20factors" title=" decontamination factors"> decontamination factors</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4334/application-of-extraction-chromatography-to-the-separation-of-sc-zr-and-sn-isotopes-from-target-materials" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4334.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">468</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4318</span> Optimization of a Method of Total RNA Extraction from Mentha piperita</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Soheila%20Afkar">Soheila Afkar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Mentha piperita is a medicinal plant that contains a large amount of secondary metabolite that has adverse effect on RNA extraction. Since high quality of RNA is the first step to real time-PCR, in this study optimization of total RNA isolation from leaf tissues of Mentha piperita was evaluated. From this point of view, we researched two different total RNA extraction methods on leaves of Mentha piperita to find the best one that contributes the high quality. The methods tested are RNX-plus, modified RNX-plus (1-5 numbers). RNA quality was analyzed by agarose gel 1.5%. The RNA integrity was also assessed by visualization of ribosomal RNA bands on 1.5% agarose gels. In the modified RNX-plus method (number 2), the integrity of 28S and 18S rRNA was highly satisfactory when analyzed in agarose denaturing gel, so this method is suitable for RNA isolation from Mentha piperita. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mentha%20piperita" title="Mentha piperita">Mentha piperita</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polyphenol" title=" polyphenol"> polyphenol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polysaccharide" title=" polysaccharide"> polysaccharide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RNA%20extraction" title=" RNA extraction"> RNA extraction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95845/optimization-of-a-method-of-total-rna-extraction-from-mentha-piperita" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95845.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">190</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4317</span> Study on Meristem Culture of Purwoceng (Pimpinella pruatjan Molk.) and Its Stigmasterol Detected by Thin Layer Chromatography</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Totik%20Sri%20Mariani">Totik Sri Mariani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sukrasno%20Isna"> Sukrasno Isna</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tet%20Fatt%20Chia"> Tet Fatt Chia</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Purwoceng (Pimpinella pruatjan Molk) is a legend plant used for increasing stamina by Kings in Java Island, Indonesia. Purpose of this study was to perform meristem culture and detected its stigmasterol by thin layer chromatography (TLC). Our result show that meristem culture could be propagated and grew into plantlet. After extracting intact acclimatized plant derived from meristem culture by hexane, we could detected stigmasterol by TLC. For suggestion, our extraction and TLC method could be used for detecting stigmasterol in others plant. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=purwoceng%20%28pimpinella%20pruatjan%29" title="purwoceng (pimpinella pruatjan)">purwoceng (pimpinella pruatjan)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=meristem%20culture" title=" meristem culture"> meristem culture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=extraction" title=" extraction"> extraction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thin%20layer%20chromatography" title=" thin layer chromatography"> thin layer chromatography</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36184/study-on-meristem-culture-of-purwoceng-pimpinella-pruatjan-molk-and-its-stigmasterol-detected-by-thin-layer-chromatography" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36184.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">430</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4316</span> Identification of Bioactive Metabolites from Ficus carica and Their Neuroprotective Effects of Alzheimer's Disease</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hanan%20Khojah">Hanan Khojah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RuAngelie%20Edrada-Ebel"> RuAngelie Edrada-Ebel</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Neurodegenerative disease including Alzheimer’s disease is a major cause of long-term disability. Oxidative stress is frequently implicated as one of the key contributing factors to neurodegenerative diseases. Protection against neuronal damage remains a great challenge for researchers. Ficus carica (commonly known as fig) is a species of great antioxidant nutritional value comprising a protective mechanism against innumerable health disorders related to oxidative stress as well as Alzheimer’s disease. The purpose of this work was to characterize the non-polar active metabolites in Ficus carica endocarp, mesocarp, and exocarp. Crude extracts were prepared using several extraction solvents, which included 1:1 water: ethylacetate, acetone and methanol. The dried extracts were then solvent partitioned between equivalent amounts of water and ethylacetate. Purification and fractionation were accomplished by high-throughput chromatography. The isolated metabolites were tested on their effect on human neuroblastoma cell line by cell viability test and cell cytotoxicity assay with acrolein. Molecular weights of the active metabolites were determined via LC–HRESIMS and GC-EIMS. Metabolomic profiling was performed to identify the active metabolites by using differential expression analysis software (Mzmine) and SIMCA for multivariate analysis. Structural elucidation and identification of the interested active metabolites were studied by 1-D and 2-D NMR. Significant differences in bioactivity against a concentration-dependent assay on acrolein radicals were observed between the three fruit parts. However, metabolites obtained from mesocarp and the endocarp demonstrated bioactivity to scavenge ROS radical. NMR profiling demonstrated that aliphatic compounds such as γ-sitosterol tend to induce neuronal bioactivity and exhibited bioactivity on the cell viability assay. γ-Sitosterol was found in higher concentrations in the mesocarp and was considered as one of the major phytosterol in Ficus carica. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alzheimer" title="alzheimer">alzheimer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ficus%20carica" title=" Ficus carica"> Ficus carica</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%CE%B3-Sitosterol" title=" γ-Sitosterol"> γ-Sitosterol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metabolomics" title=" metabolomics"> metabolomics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61797/identification-of-bioactive-metabolites-from-ficus-carica-and-their-neuroprotective-effects-of-alzheimers-disease" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61797.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">344</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4315</span> A Method for the Extraction of the Character's Tendency from Korean Novels</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Min-Ha%20Hong">Min-Ha Hong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kee-Won%20Kim"> Kee-Won Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seung-Hoon%20Kim"> Seung-Hoon Kim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The character in the story-based content, such as novels and movies, is one of the core elements to understand the story. In particular, the character’s tendency is an important factor to analyze the story-based content, because it has a significant influence on the storyline. If readers have the knowledge of the tendency of characters before reading a novel, it will be helpful to understand the structure of conflict, episode and relationship between characters in the novel. It may therefore help readers to select novel that the reader wants to read. In this paper, we propose a method of extracting the tendency of the characters from a novel written in Korean. In advance, we build the dictionary with pairs of the emotional words in Korean and English since the emotion words in the novel’s sentences express character’s feelings. We rate the degree of polarity (positive or negative) of words in our emotional words dictionary based on SenticNet. Then we extract characters and emotion words from sentences in a novel. Since the polarity of a word grows strong or weak due to sentence features such as quotations and modifiers, our proposed method consider them to calculate the polarity of characters. The information of the extracted character’s polarity can be used in the book search service or book recommendation service. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=character%20tendency" title="character tendency">character tendency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data%20mining" title=" data mining"> data mining</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emotion%20word" title=" emotion word"> emotion word</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Korean%20novel" title=" Korean novel"> Korean novel</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47141/a-method-for-the-extraction-of-the-characters-tendency-from-korean-novels" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47141.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">334</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4314</span> Saponins vs Anthraquinones: Different Chemicals, Similar Ecological Roles in Marine Symbioses</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Guillaume%20Caulier">Guillaume Caulier</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lola%20Brasseur"> Lola Brasseur</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Patrick%20Flammang"> Patrick Flammang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pascal%20Gerbaux"> Pascal Gerbaux</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Igor%20Eeckhaut"> Igor Eeckhaut</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Saponins and quinones are two major groups of secondary metabolites widely distributed in the biosphere. More specifically, triterpenoid saponins and anthraquinones are mainly found in a wide variety of plants, bacteria and fungi. In the animal kingdom, these natural organic compounds are rare and only found in small quantities in arthropods, marine sponges and echinoderms. In this last group, triterpenoid saponins are specific to holothuroids (sea cucumbers) while anthraquinones are the chemical signature of crinoids (feather stars). Depending on the species, they present different molecular cocktails. Despite presenting different chemical properties, these molecules share numerous similarities. This study compares the biological distribution, the pharmacological effects and the ecological roles of holothuroid saponins and crinoid anthraquinones. Both of them have been defined as allomones repelling predators and parasites (i.e. chemical defense) and have interesting pharmacological properties (e.g. anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-cancer). Our study investigates the chemical ecology of two symbiotic associations models; between the snapping shrimp Synalpheus stimpsonii associated with crinoids and the Harlequin crab Lissocarcinus orbicularis associated with holothuroids. Using behavioral experiments in olfactometers, chemical extractions and mass spectrometry analyses, we discovered that saponins and anthraquinones present a second ecological role: the attraction of obligatory symbionts towards their hosts. They can, therefore, be defined as kairomones. This highlights a new paradigm in marine chemical ecology: Chemical repellents are attractants to obligatory symbionts because they constitute host specific chemical signatures. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anthraquinones" title="anthraquinones">anthraquinones</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kairomones" title=" kairomones"> kairomones</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marine%20symbiosis" title=" marine symbiosis"> marine symbiosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=saponins" title=" saponins"> saponins</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=attractant" title=" attractant"> attractant</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55349/saponins-vs-anthraquinones-different-chemicals-similar-ecological-roles-in-marine-symbioses" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55349.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">199</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4313</span> An Antifungal Peptide from Actinobacteria (Streptomyces Sp. TKJ2): Isolation and Partial Characterization</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelaziz%20Messis">Abdelaziz Messis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Azzeddine%20Bettache"> Azzeddine Bettache</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nawel%20Boucherba"> Nawel Boucherba</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Said%20Benallaoua"> Said Benallaoua</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mouloud%20Kecha"> Mouloud Kecha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Actinobacteria are of special biotechnological interest since they are known to produce chemically diverse compounds with a wide range of biological activity. This distinct clade of Gram-positve bacteria include some of the key antibiotic producers and are also sources of several bioactive compounds, established commercially a newly filamentous bacteria was recovered from Tikjda forest soil (Algeria) for its high antifungal activity against various pathogenic and phytopathogenic fungi. The nucleotide sequence of the 16S rRNA gene (1454 pb) of Streptomyces sp. TKJ2 exhibited close similarity (99 %) with other Streptomyces16S rRNA genes. Antifungal metabolite production of Streptomyces sp TKJ2 was evaluated using six different fermentation media. The extracellular products contained potent antifungal agents. Antifungal protein produced by Streptomyces sp. TKJ2 on PCA medium has been purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation, SPE column chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography in a reverse-phase column. The UV chromatograms of the active fractions obtained at 214 nm by NanoLC-ESI-MS/MS have different molecular weights. The F20 Peptidic fraction obtained from culture filtrat of Streptomyces sp. TKJ2 precipitated at 30% of ammonium sulfate was selected for analysis by infusion ESI-MS which yielded a singly charged ion mass of 437.17 Da. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=actinobacteria" title="actinobacteria">actinobacteria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antifungal%20protein" title=" antifungal protein"> antifungal protein</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chromatography" title=" chromatography"> chromatography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Streptomyces" title=" Streptomyces "> Streptomyces </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26624/an-antifungal-peptide-from-actinobacteria-streptomyces-sp-tkj2-isolation-and-partial-characterization" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26624.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary 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