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class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="ਦਿੱਖ"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="ਸਫ਼ੇ ਦੇ ਫੋਂਟ ਦਾ ਆਕਾਰ, ਚੌਡ਼ਾਈ ਅਤੇ ਰੰਗ ਦੀ ਦਿੱਖ ਨੂੰ ਬਦਲੋ" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="ਦਿੱਖ" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">ਦਿੱਖ</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_pa.wikipedia.org&uselang=pa" class=""><span>ਦਾਨ</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8:%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BE_%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%A3%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%93&returnto=%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%80+%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%A8%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A8" title="ਤੁਹਾਨੂੰ ਖ਼ਾਤਾ ਬਣਾਉਣ ਤੋਂ ਬਾਅਦ ਦਾਖ਼ਲ ਕਰਨ ਦੀ ਸਲਾਹ ਦਿੱਤੀ ਜਾਂਦੀ ਹੈ; ਹਾਲਾਂਕਿ ਇਹ ਲਾਜ਼ਮੀ ਨਹੀਂ" class=""><span>ਖ਼ਾਤਾ ਬਣਾਓ</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8:%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%82%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0_%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%87%E0%A8%A8&returnto=%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%80+%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%A8%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A8" title="ਤੁਹਾਨੂੰ ਦਾਖ਼ਲ ਹੋਣ ਲਈ ਪ੍ਰੇਰਿਆ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ; ਪਰ ਇਹ ਕੋਈ ਲਾਜ਼ਮੀ ਨਹੀਂ [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>ਦਾਖ਼ਲ ਹੋਵੋ</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="ਹੋਰ ਚੋਣਾਂ" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="ਨਿੱਜੀ ਸੰਦ" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">ਨਿੱਜੀ ਸੰਦ</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_pa.wikipedia.org&uselang=pa"><span>ਦਾਨ</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8:%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BE_%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%A3%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%93&returnto=%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%80+%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%A8%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A8" title="ਤੁਹਾਨੂੰ ਖ਼ਾਤਾ ਬਣਾਉਣ ਤੋਂ ਬਾਅਦ ਦਾਖ਼ਲ ਕਰਨ ਦੀ ਸਲਾਹ ਦਿੱਤੀ ਜਾਂਦੀ ਹੈ; ਹਾਲਾਂਕਿ ਇਹ ਲਾਜ਼ਮੀ ਨਹੀਂ"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>ਖ਼ਾਤਾ ਬਣਾਓ</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8:%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%82%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0_%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%87%E0%A8%A8&returnto=%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%80+%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%A8%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A8" title="ਤੁਹਾਨੂੰ ਦਾਖ਼ਲ ਹੋਣ ਲਈ ਪ੍ਰੇਰਿਆ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ; ਪਰ ਇਹ ਕੋਈ ਲਾਜ਼ਮੀ ਨਹੀਂ [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>ਦਾਖ਼ਲ ਹੋਵੋ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> ਬਾਹਰ ਹੋਏ ਸੰਪਾਦਕਾਂ ਲਈ ਸਫ਼ੇ <a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%A6:%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A3-%E0%A8%AA%E0%A8%9B%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A3" aria-label="ਸੰਪਾਦਨ ਬਾਰੇ ਹੋਰ ਜਾਣੋ"><span>ਹੋਰ ਜਾਣੋ</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8:%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%87_%E0%A8%AF%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A8" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>ਯੋਗਦਾਨ</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8:%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%9A%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%9A%E0%A8%BE" title="ਇਸ IP ਪਤੇ ਤੋਂ ਹੋਈਆਂ ਸੋਧਾਂ ਬਾਰੇ ਗੱਲਬਾਤ [n]" accesskey="n"><span>ਗੱਲ-ਬਾਤ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="ਸਾਈਟ"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="ਸਮੱਗਰੀ" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">ਸਮੱਗਰੀ</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">ਸਾਈਡਬਾਰ 'ਤੇ ਜਾਓ</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">ਲੁਕਾਓ</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">ਸ਼ੁਰੂਆਤ</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-ਪਰਿਭਾਸ਼ਾ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ਪਰਿਭਾਸ਼ਾ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>ਪਰਿਭਾਸ਼ਾ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ਪਰਿਭਾਸ਼ਾ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ਮਿਸਾਲਾਂ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ਮਿਸਾਲਾਂ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>ਮਿਸਾਲਾਂ</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-ਮਿਸਾਲਾਂ-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>ਮਿਸਾਲਾਂ ਉਪਭਾਗ ਨੂੰ ਟੌਗਲ ਕਰੋ</span> </button> <ul id="toc-ਮਿਸਾਲਾਂ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-ਪਰਿਭਾਸ਼ਾ_ਲਈ_ਦਾਹਰਨ_#1" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ਪਰਿਭਾਸ਼ਾ_ਲਈ_ਦਾਹਰਨ_#1"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>ਪਰਿਭਾਸ਼ਾ ਲਈ ਦਾਹਰਨ #1</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ਪਰਿਭਾਸ਼ਾ_ਲਈ_ਦਾਹਰਨ_#1-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="ਸਮੱਗਰੀ" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="ਸਮੱਗਰੀ ਦੀ ਸਾਰਣੀ ਨੂੰ ਟੌਗਲ ਕਰੋ" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">ਸਮੱਗਰੀ ਦੀ ਸਾਰਣੀ ਨੂੰ ਟੌਗਲ ਕਰੋ</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">ਮੰਤਕੀ ਅਨੁਮਾਨ</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="ਕਿਸੇ ਹੋਰ ਭਾਸ਼ਾ ਵਿੱਚ ਲੇਖ 'ਤੇ ਜਾਓ। 53 ਭਾਸ਼ਾਵਾਂ ਵਿੱਚ ਉਪਲਬਧ ਹੈ" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-53" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">53 ਭਾਸ਼ਾਵਾਂ</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%AF%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%84_(%D8%A8%D8%AD%D8%AB_%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85%D9%8A)" title="استدلال (بحث علمي) – ਅਰਬੀ" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="استدلال (بحث علمي)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="ਅਰਬੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inferencia" title="Inferencia – ਅਸਤੂਰੀ" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Inferencia" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="ਅਸਤੂਰੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C9%99tic%C9%99%C3%A7%C4%B1xarma" title="Nəticəçıxarma – ਅਜ਼ਰਬਾਈਜਾਨੀ" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Nəticəçıxarma" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="ਅਜ਼ਰਬਾਈਜਾਨੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B6%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Разсъждение – ਬੁਲਗਾਰੀਆਈ" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Разсъждение" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="ਬੁਲਗਾਰੀਆਈ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poellata" title="Poellata – ਬਰੇਟਨ" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Poellata" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="ਬਰੇਟਨ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zaklju%C4%8Dak" title="Zaključak – ਬੋਸਨੀਆਈ" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Zaključak" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="ਬੋਸਨੀਆਈ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infer%C3%A8ncia" title="Inferència – ਕੈਟਾਲਾਨ" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Inferència" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="ਕੈਟਾਲਾਨ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%D8%A7%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%85%DA%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="ئاکامگری – ਕੇਂਦਰੀ ਕੁਰਦਿਸ਼" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئاکامگری" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="ਕੇਂਦਰੀ ਕੁਰਦਿਸ਼" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inferens" title="Inferens – ਡੈਨਿਸ਼" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Inferens" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="ਡੈਨਿਸ਼" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schlussfolgerung" title="Schlussfolgerung – ਜਰਮਨ" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Schlussfolgerung" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="ਜਰਮਨ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inference" title="Inference – ਅੰਗਰੇਜ਼ੀ" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Inference" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="ਅੰਗਰੇਜ਼ੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inferenco" title="Inferenco – ਇਸਪੇਰਾਂਟੋ" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Inferenco" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="ਇਸਪੇਰਾਂਟੋ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inferencia" title="Inferencia – ਸਪੇਨੀ" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Inferencia" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="ਸਪੇਨੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%A4reldus_(traditsiooniline_loogika)" title="Järeldus (traditsiooniline loogika) – ਇਸਟੋਨੀਆਈ" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Järeldus (traditsiooniline loogika)" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="ਇਸਟੋਨੀਆਈ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inferentzia_(logika)" title="Inferentzia (logika) – ਬਾਸਕ" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Inferentzia (logika)" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="ਬਾਸਕ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B7" title="استنباط – ਫ਼ਾਰਸੀ" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="استنباط" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="ਫ਼ਾਰਸੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A4%C3%A4ttely" title="Päättely – ਫਿਨਿਸ਼" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Päättely" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="ਫਿਨਿਸ਼" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inf%C3%A9rence_(logique)" title="Inférence (logique) – ਫਰਾਂਸੀਸੀ" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Inférence (logique)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="ਫਰਾਂਸੀਸੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%A7" title="היסק – ਹਿਬਰੂ" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="היסק" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ਹਿਬਰੂ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8_(%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95)" title="अनुमान (तर्क) – ਹਿੰਦੀ" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="अनुमान (तर्क)" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="ਹਿੰਦੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zaklju%C4%8Dak" title="Zaključak – ਸਰਬੋ-ਕ੍ਰੋਏਸ਼ੀਅਨ" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Zaključak" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="ਸਰਬੋ-ਕ੍ਰੋਏਸ਼ੀਅਨ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%B0%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A3%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B4" title="Մտահանգում – ਅਰਮੀਨੀਆਈ" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մտահանգում" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="ਅਰਮੀਨੀਆਈ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kesimpulan" title="Kesimpulan – ਇੰਡੋਨੇਸ਼ੀਆਈ" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kesimpulan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="ਇੰਡੋਨੇਸ਼ੀਆਈ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inferenza" title="Inferenza – ਇਤਾਲਵੀ" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Inferenza" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="ਇਤਾਲਵੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%8E%A8%E8%AB%96" title="推論 – ਜਪਾਨੀ" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="推論" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="ਜਪਾਨੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/ni%27icpa" title="ni'icpa – ਲੋਜਬਾਨ" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="ni'icpa" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="ਲੋਜਬਾਨ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D2%B1%D0%B6%D1%8B%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BC%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%83" title="Тұжырымдау – ਕਜ਼ਾਖ਼" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Тұжырымдау" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="ਕਜ਼ਾਖ਼" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%B6%94%EB%A1%A0" title="추론 – ਕੋਰੀਆਈ" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="추론" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="ਕੋਰੀਆਈ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argumentatio" title="Argumentatio – ਲਾਤੀਨੀ" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Argumentatio" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="ਲਾਤੀਨੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/I%C5%A1vada" title="Išvada – ਲਿਥੁਆਨੀਅਨ" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Išvada" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="ਲਿਥੁਆਨੀਅਨ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sluss_(Logik)" title="Sluss (Logik) – ਲੋ ਜਰਮਨ" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Sluss (Logik)" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="ਲੋ ਜਰਮਨ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gevolgtrekking" title="Gevolgtrekking – ਡੱਚ" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Gevolgtrekking" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="ਡੱਚ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inferens" title="Inferens – ਨਾਰਵੇਜਿਆਈ ਬੋਕਮਲ" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Inferens" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="ਨਾਰਵੇਜਿਆਈ ਬੋਕਮਲ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wnioskowanie" title="Wnioskowanie – ਪੋਲੈਂਡੀ" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Wnioskowanie" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="ਪੋਲੈਂਡੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%AF%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%84" title="استدلال – ਪੰਜਾਬੀ (ਸ਼ਾਹਮੁਖੀ)" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="استدلال" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ (ਸ਼ਾਹਮੁਖੀ)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infer%C3%AAncia" title="Inferência – ਪੁਰਤਗਾਲੀ" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Inferência" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="ਪੁਰਤਗਾਲੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inferen%C8%9B%C4%83" title="Inferență – ਰੋਮਾਨੀਆਈ" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Inferență" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="ਰੋਮਾਨੀਆਈ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8B%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4_(%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5)" title="Вывод (рассуждение) – ਰੂਸੀ" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Вывод (рассуждение)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ਰੂਸੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zaklju%C4%8Divanje" title="Zaključivanje – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Zaključivanje" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%B4sledok" title="Dôsledok – ਸਲੋਵਾਕ" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Dôsledok" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="ਸਲੋਵਾਕ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%99%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5" title="Закључивање – ਸਰਬੀਆਈ" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Закључивање" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="ਸਰਬੀਆਈ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slutledning" title="Slutledning – ਸਵੀਡਿਸ਼" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Slutledning" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="ਸਵੀਡਿਸ਼" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="அனுமானம் – ਤਮਿਲ" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="அனுமானம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="ਤਮਿਲ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99" title="การอนุมาน – ਥਾਈ" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="การอนุมาน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="ਥਾਈ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperensiya" title="Imperensiya – ਤਗਾਲੋਗ" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Imperensiya" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="ਤਗਾਲੋਗ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonu%C3%A7_%C3%A7%C4%B1karma" title="Sonuç çıkarma – ਤੁਰਕੀ" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Sonuç çıkarma" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="ਤੁਰਕੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BA" title="Висновок – ਯੂਕਰੇਨੀਆਈ" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Висновок" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ਯੂਕਰੇਨੀਆਈ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%AF%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%84" title="استدلال – ਉਰਦੂ" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="استدلال" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="ਉਰਦੂ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xulosa_chiqarish" title="Xulosa chiqarish – ਉਜ਼ਬੇਕ" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Xulosa chiqarish" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="ਉਜ਼ਬੇਕ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suy_lu%E1%BA%ADn" title="Suy luận – ਵੀਅਤਨਾਮੀ" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Suy luận" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="ਵੀਅਤਨਾਮੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%8E%A8%E7%90%86" title="推理 – ਚੀਨੀ ਵੂ" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="推理" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="ਚੀਨੀ ਵੂ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%8E%A8%E7%90%86" title="推理 – ਚੀਨੀ" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="推理" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="ਚੀਨੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%8E%A8%E7%90%86" title="推理 – ਕੈਂਟੋਨੀਜ਼" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="推理" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="ਕੈਂਟੋਨੀਜ਼" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q408386#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="ਅੰਤਰਭਾਸ਼ਾਈ ਕੜੀਆਂ ਸੋਧੋ" class="wbc-editpage">ਜੋੜ ਸੋਧੋ</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div 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href="/wiki/%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8:%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%B9%E0%A9%9C%E0%A9%87_%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%AB%E0%A8%BC%E0%A9%87_%E0%A8%87%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%A5%E0%A9%87_%E0%A8%9C%E0%A9%8B%E0%A9%9C%E0%A8%A6%E0%A9%87_%E0%A8%B9%E0%A8%A8/%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%A8%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A8" title="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ ਵਿਕੀਪੀਡੀਆ ਦੇ ਸਾਰੇ ਸਫ਼ਿਆਂ ਦੀ ਸੂਚੀ, ਜੋ ਇੱਥੇ ਜੋੜਦੇ ਹਨ [j]" accesskey="j"><span>ਇੱਥੇ ਕੀ ਆ ਕੇ ਜੁੜਦਾ ਹੈ</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8:%E0%A8%9C%E0%A9%81%E0%A9%9C%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%82_%E0%A8%B9%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%86_%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%A6%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%82/%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%A8%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A8" rel="nofollow" title="ਇਸ ਸਫ਼ੇ ਤੋਂ ਜੋੜੇ ਗਏ ਸਫ਼ਿਆਂ ਵਿਚ ਹਾਲੀਆ ਤਬਦੀਲੀਆਂ [k]" accesskey="k"><span>ਸਬੰਧਤ ਤਬਦੀਲੀਆਂ</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" 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title="ਇਸ ਸਫ਼ੇ ਦਾ ਹਵਾਲੇ ਦੇਣ ਸਬੰਧੀ ਜਾਣਕਾਰੀ"><span>ਇਸ ਸਫ਼ੇ ਦਾ ਹਵਾਲਾ ਦਿਉ</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fpa.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E0%25A8%25AE%25E0%25A9%25B0%25E0%25A8%25A4%25E0%25A8%2595%25E0%25A9%2580_%25E0%25A8%2585%25E0%25A8%25A8%25E0%25A9%2581%25E0%25A8%25AE%25E0%25A8%25BE%25E0%25A8%25A8"><span>ਛੋਟਾ ਯੂਆਰਐੱਲ ਪ੍ਰਾਪਤ ਕਰੋ</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fpa.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E0%25A8%25AE%25E0%25A9%25B0%25E0%25A8%25A4%25E0%25A8%2595%25E0%25A9%2580_%25E0%25A8%2585%25E0%25A8%25A8%25E0%25A9%2581%25E0%25A8%25AE%25E0%25A8%25BE%25E0%25A8%25A8"><span>QR ਕੋਡ ਡਾਊਨਲੋਡ ਕਰੋ</span></a></li><li id="t-shorturl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//pa.wikipedia.org/s/1koq" title="ਸਾਂਝਾ ਕਰਨ ਲਈ ਇਸ ਛੋਟੀ ਕੜੀ ਦੀ ਨਕਲ ਕਰੋ"><span>ਛੋਟਾ ਯੂਆਰਐੱਲ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> ਛਾਪੋ / ਬਰਾਮਦ ਕਰੋ </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8:%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%AC&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%80+%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%A8%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A8"><span>ਇੱਕ ਕਿਤਾਬ ਬਣਾਓ</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8:DownloadAsPdf&page=%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%A8%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A8&action=show-download-screen"><span>PDF ਵਜੋਂ ਡਾਊਨਲੋਡ ਕਰੋ</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%A8%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A8&printable=yes" title="ਇਸ ਸਫ਼ੇ ਦਾ ਛਪਣਯੋਗ ਰੂਪ [p]" accesskey="p"><span>ਛਪਣਯੋਗ ਸੰਸਕਰਣ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> ਹੋਰ ਪ੍ਰਾਜੈਕਟਾਂ ਵਿੱਚ </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Inference" hreflang="en"><span>ਵਿਕੀਮੀਡੀਆ ਕਾਮਨਜ਼</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q408386" title="ਡਾਟਾ ਭੰਡਾਰ ਦੀ ਸਮੱਗਰੀ ਨਾਲ ਕੜੀ ਜੋੜੋ [g]" accesskey="g"><span>ਵਿਕੀਡਾਟਾ ਆਈਟਮ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="ਸਫ਼ੇ ਦੇ ਸੰਦ"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="ਦਿੱਖ"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">ਦਿੱਖ</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">ਸਾਈਡਬਾਰ 'ਤੇ ਜਾਓ</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">ਲੁਕਾਓ</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">ਵਿਕੀਪੀਡੀਆ, ਇੱਕ ਆਜ਼ਾਦ ਵਿਸ਼ਵਕੋਸ਼ ਤੋਂ</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="pa" dir="ltr"><p>ਮੰਤਕੀ ਅਨੁਮਾਨ (Inferences) ਤਰਕ-ਪ੍ਰਕਿਰਿਆ ਵਿਚ ਕਦਮ ਹਨ, ਮੂਲ ਥਾਪਨਾਵਾਂ ਤੋਂ ਸਿੱਟਿਆਂ ਤੱਕ ਜਾਣਾ। ਚਾਰਲਸ ਸੈਂਡਰਜ਼ ਪੀਅਰਸ ਨੇ ਇੰਫਰੈਂਸ ਨੂੰ ਤਿੰਨ ਕਿਸਮਾਂ ਵਿੱਚ ਵੰਡਿਆ: ਨਿਗਮਨ, ਆਗਮਨ, ਅਤੇ ਅਬਡਕਸ਼ਨ। ਨਿਗਮਨ ਉਸ ਅਨੁਮਾਨ ਨੂੰ ਕਹਿੰਦੇ ਹਨ ਜੋ ਸਚ ਮੰਨ ਲਏ ਗਏ ਅਧਾਰਾਂ ਤੋਂ ਮੰਤਕ ਵਿੱਚ ਅਧਿਐਨ ਕੀਤੇ ਜਾਂਦੇ ਪ੍ਰਮਾਣਿਕ ਨਿਯਮਾਂ ਨਾਲ ਮੰਤਕੀ ਸਿੱਟੇ ਤੇ ਪੁੱਜੇ। ਅਬਡਕਸ਼ਨ ਹੈ, ਅਨੁਮਾਨ ਦੀ ਬਿਹਤਰੀਨ ਵਿਆਖਿਆ।  </p><p>ਮਨੁੱਖੀ ਅਨੁਮਾਨ (ਭਾਵ ਮਨੁੱਖ ਕਿਵੇਂ ਸਿੱਟੇ ਕੱਢਦੇ ਹਨ) ਰਵਾਇਤੀ ਤੌਰ ਤੇ ਬੋਧਿਕ ਮਨੋਵਿਗਿਆਨ ਦੇ ਖੇਤਰ ਵਿਚ ਪੜ੍ਹਿਆ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਰਿਹਾ ਹੈ; <a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%A3%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%89%E0%A8%9F%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%A8%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%AC%E0%A9%81%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%A7%E0%A9%80" class="mw-redirect" title="ਬਣਾਉਟੀ ਮਸ਼ੀਨੀ ਬੁੱਧੀ">ਆਰਟੀਫੀਸੀਅਲ ਇੰਟੈਲੀਜੈਂਸ</a> ਖੋਜਕਾਰ ਮਨੁੱਖੀ ਅਨੁਮਾਨਾਂ ਦਾ ਅਨੁਸਰਣ ਕਰਨ ਲਈ ਸਵੈਚਾਲਤ ਅਨੁਮਾਨ ਪ੍ਰਣਾਲੀ ਦਾ ਵਿਕਾਸ ਕਰਦੇ ਹਨ।  </p><p>ਅੰਕੜਾ-ਵਿਗਿਆਨਕ ਅਨੁਮਾਨ ਅਨਿਸ਼ਚਿਤਾ ਦੀ ਹਾਜ਼ਰੀ ਵਿਚ ਸਿੱਟੇ ਕੱਢਣ ਲਈ ਗਣਿਤ ਦੀ ਵਰਤੋਂ ਕਰਦਾ ਹੈ। ਇਹ ਇੱਕ ਵਿਸ਼ੇਸ਼ ਕੇਸ ਦੇ ਰੂਪ ਵਿੱਚ ਅਨਿਸ਼ਚਿਤਤਾ ਦੀ ਅਣਹੋਂਦ ਦੇ ਨਾਲ, ਨਿਰਣਾਇਕ ਤਰਕ ਨੂੰ ਆਮ ਬਣਾਉਂਦਾ ਹੈ। ਅੰਕੜਾਮੂਲਕ ਅਨੁਮਾਨ ਗਿਣਨਾਤਮਕ ਜਾਂ ਗੁਣਨਆਤਮਕ (ਕੈਟੇਗੋਰੀਕਲ) ਡੈਟਾ ਦਾ ਇਸਤੇਮਾਲ ਕਰਦਾ ਹੈ ਜੋ ਤੁੱਕਾ-ਮੂਲਕ ਭਿੰਨਤਾਵਾਂ ਦੇ ਅਧੀਨ ਹੋ ਸਕਦਾ ਹੈ।  </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="ਪਰਿਭਾਸ਼ਾ"><span id=".E0.A8.AA.E0.A8.B0.E0.A8.BF.E0.A8.AD.E0.A8.BE.E0.A8.B8.E0.A8.BC.E0.A8.BE"></span>ਪਰਿਭਾਸ਼ਾ</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%A8%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A8&action=edit&section=1" title="ਭਾਗ ਸੋਧ: ਪਰਿਭਾਸ਼ਾ"><span>ਸੋਧੋ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>ਅਜਿਹੀ ਪ੍ਰਕਿਰਿਆ ਜਿਸ ਰਾਹੀਂ ਇਕ ਅਨੇਕ ਨਿਰੀਖਣਾਂ ਤੋਂ ਸਿੱਟਾ ਕੱਢਿਆ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ, ਉਸ ਨੂੰ ਆਗਮਨ ਤਰਕ ਕਿਹਾ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ. ਸਿੱਟਾ ਸਹੀ ਜਾਂ ਗਲਤ ਹੋ ਸਕਦਾ ਹੈ, ਜਾਂ ਕੁਝ ਹੱਦ ਤਕ ਸ਼ੁੱਧਤਾ ਦੇ ਅੰਦਰ ਜਾਂ ਕੁਝ ਖਾਸ ਹਾਲਤਾਂ ਵਿਚ ਸਹੀ ਹੋ ਸਕਦਾ ਹੈ। ਅਨੇਕ ਨਿਰੀਖਣਾਂ ਤੋਂ ਅਨੁਮਾਨਿਤ ਸਿੱਟੇ ਅਤਿਰਿਕਤ ਅਨੁਮਾਨਾਂ ਰਾਹੀਂ ਪਰਖੇ ਜਾ ਸਕਦੇ ਹਨ।   </p><p>ਇਸ ਪਰਿਭਾਸ਼ਾ ਵਿਵਾਦਮਈ ਹੈ (ਇਸ ਦੀ ਸਪੱਸ਼ਟਤਾ ਦੀ ਘਾਟ ਦੇ ਕਾਰਨ। . ਹਵਾਲਾ: ਆਕਸਫੋਰਡ ਅੰਗਰੇਜ਼ੀ ਕੋਸ਼: "ਆਗਮਨ ... 3. ਤਰਕ, ਖਾਸ ਮੌਕਿਆਂ ਤੋਂ ਇੱਕ ਜਨਰਲ ਕਾਨੂੰਨ ਦਾ ਅਨੁਮਾਨ।" <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%A1%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%86:Please_clarify" class="mw-redirect" title="ਵਿਕੀਪੀਡੀਆ:Please clarify"><span title="Some information, probably encoded by different type fonts in the dictionary, seems to have got lost. I assume, under the keyword 'induction (logic)', the dictionary says 'the inference of a general law from particular instances'. Please check with the source and clarify. (August 2013)">ਸਪਸ਼ਟੀਕਰਨ ਲੋੜੀਂਦਾ</span></a></i>]</sup>) ਦਿੱਤੀ ਪਰਿਭਾਸ਼ਾ ਇਸ ਲਈ ਸਿਰਫ ਉਦੋਂ ਲਾਗੂ ਹੁੰਦੀ ਹੈ, ਜਦ ਕਿ "ਸਿੱਟਾ" ਜਨਰਲ ਹੋਵੇ।  </p><p>ਮੰਤਕੀ ਅਨੁਮਾਨ ਦੀਆਂ ਦੋ ਸੰਭਵ ਪਰਿਭਾਸ਼ਾਵਾਂ ਹਨ: </p> <ol><li>ਸਬੂਤ ਅਤੇ ਤਰਕ ਦੇ ਆਧਾਰ ਤੇ ਕਢਿਆ ਸਿੱਟਾ।</li> <li>ਅਜਿਹੇ ਸਿੱਟੇ ਤੇ ਪਹੁੰਚਣ ਦੀ ਪ੍ਰਕਿਰਿਆ।</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="ਮਿਸਾਲਾਂ"><span id=".E0.A8.AE.E0.A8.BF.E0.A8.B8.E0.A8.BE.E0.A8.B2.E0.A8.BE.E0.A8.82"></span>ਮਿਸਾਲਾਂ</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%A8%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A8&action=edit&section=2" title="ਭਾਗ ਸੋਧ: ਮਿਸਾਲਾਂ"><span>ਸੋਧੋ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="ਪਰਿਭਾਸ਼ਾ_ਲਈ_ਦਾਹਰਨ_#1"><span id=".E0.A8.AA.E0.A8.B0.E0.A8.BF.E0.A8.AD.E0.A8.BE.E0.A8.B8.E0.A8.BC.E0.A8.BE_.E0.A8.B2.E0.A8.88_.E0.A8.A6.E0.A8.BE.E0.A8.B9.E0.A8.B0.E0.A8.A8_.231"></span>ਪਰਿਭਾਸ਼ਾ ਲਈ ਦਾਹਰਨ #1</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%A8%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A8&action=edit&section=3" title="ਭਾਗ ਸੋਧ: ਪਰਿਭਾਸ਼ਾ ਲਈ ਦਾਹਰਨ #1"><span>ਸੋਧੋ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>ਪੁਰਾਤਨ ਯੂਨਾਨੀ ਫ਼ਿਲਾਸਫ਼ਰਾਂ  ਪੁਰਾਤਨ ਯੂਨਾਨੀ ਫ਼ਿਲਾਸਫ਼ਰਾਂ ਨੇ ਬਹੁਤ ਸਾਰੇ ਸਿਲੇਜਿਜਮਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਪਰਿਭਾਸ਼ਿਤ ਕੀਤਾ ਹੈ, ਤਿੰਨ ਹਿੱਸਿਆਂ ਵਾਲਾ ਅਨੁਮਾਨ ਜਿਸ ਨੂੰ ਵਧੇਰੇ ਜਟਿਲ ਦਲੀਲਬਾਜ਼ੀ ਲਈ ਨਿਰਮਾਣਕਾਰੀ ਬਲਾਕਾਂ ਵਜੋਂ ਵਰਤੇ ਜਾ ਸਕਦੇ ਹਨ। ਅਸੀਂ ਇੱਕ ਮਸ਼ਹੂਰ ਉਦਾਹਰਣ ਨਾਲ ਸ਼ੁਰੂ ਕਰਦੇ ਹਾਂ:  </p> <ol><li>ਸਾਰੇ ਇਨਸਾਨ ਨਾਸ਼ਮਾਨ ਹਨ।   </li> <li>ਸਾਰੇ ਯੂਨਾਨੀ ਇਨਸਾਨ ਹਨ। </li> <li>ਸਾਰੇ ਯੂਨਾਨੀ ਨਾਸ਼ਮਾਨ ਹਨ।</li></ol> <p>ਪਾਠਕ ਚੈੱਕ ਕਰ ਸਕਦਾ ਹੈ, ਕਿ ਕਿ ਅਧਾਰਵਾਕ ਅਤੇ ਸਿੱਟੇ ਸੱਚ ਹਨ, ਪਰ ਤਰਕ ਅਨੁਮਾਨ ਦੇ ਨਾਲ ਸਬੰਧਤ ਹੈ: ਕੀ ਸਿੱਟੇ ਦਾ ਸੱਚ ਅਧਾਰਵਾਕਾਂ ਦੇ ਸਚ ਤੋਂ ਨਿਕਲਦਾ ਹੈ? </p><p>ਇੱਕ ਅਨੁਮਾਨ ਦੀ ਵੈਧਤਾ ਅਨੁਮਾਨ ਦੇ ਰੂਪ ਤੇ ਨਿਰਭਰ ਕਰਦੀ ਹੈ। ਭਾਵ, "ਵੈਧ" ਸ਼ਬਦ ਆਧਾਰਵਾਕਾਂ ਜਾਂ ਸਿੱਟੇ ਦੇ ਸੱਚ ਨੂੰ ਨਹੀਂ ਦਰਸਾਉਂਦਾ, ਸਗੋਂ ਅਨੁਮਾਨ ਦੇ ਰੂਪ ਨੂੰ ਦਰਸਾਉਂਦਾ ਹੈ। ਇੱਕ ਅਨੁਮਾਨ ਠੀਕ ਹੋ ਸਕਦਾ ਹੈ ਭਾਵੇਂ ਇਸਦੇ ਹਿੱਸੇ ਗਲਤ ਵੀ ਹੋਣ, ਅਤੇ ਅਵੈਧ ਹੋ ਸਕਦਾ ਹੈ ਚਾਹੇ ਕੁਝ ਭਾਗ ਸਹੀ ਵੀ ਹੋਣ। ਪਰ ਸ਼ੀ ਆਧਾਰਵਾਕਾਂ ਵਾਲੇ ਵੈਧ ਰੂਪ ਦਾ ਹਮੇਸ਼ਾ ਇੱਕ ਸੱਚਾ ਸਿੱਟਾ ਹੁੰਦਾ ਹੈ।  </p><p>ਉਦਾਹਰਨ ਲਈ, ਹੇਠ ਦਿੱਤੇ ਪ੍ਰਤੀਕ-ਮੂਲਕ ਟਰੈਕ ਦੇ ਰੂਪ ਤੇ ਵਿਚਾਰ ਕਰੋ: </p> <ol><li>ਸਾਰੇ ਮੀਟ ਜਾਨਵਰਾਂ ਤੋਂ ਆਉਂਦੇ ਹਨ।</li> <li> ਸਭ ਬੀਫ ਮੀਟ ਹੈ।</li> <li> ਇਸ ਲਈ, ਸਾਰੇ ਬੀਫ ਜਾਨਵਰਾਂ ਤੋਂ ਆਉਂਦੇ ਹਨ। <br /></li></ol> <p>ਜੇ ਅਧਾਰਵਾਕ ਸੱਚ ਹਨ, ਫਿਰ ਸਿੱਟਾ ਵੀ ਅਵਸ਼ ਸੱਚ ਹੈ।  </p><p>ਹੁਣ ਅਸੀਂ ਇੱਕ ਗਲਤ ਰੂਪ ਵੱਲ ਚੱਲਦੇ ਹਾਂ। </p> <ol><li>ਸਾਰੇ ਏ, ਬੀ.ਹਨ। </li> <li>ਸਾਰੇ ਸੀ ਹਨ ਬੀ.</li> <li>ਇਸ ਲਈ, ਸਾਰੇ ਸੀ, ਏ ਹਨ</li></ol> <p>ਇਹ ਦਰਸਾਉਣ ਲਈ ਕਿ ਇਹ ਰੂਪ ਅਵੈਧ ਹੈ, ਅਸੀਂ ਇਹ ਦਰਸਾਉਂਦੇ ਹਾਂ ਕਿ ਕਿਵੇਂ ਇਹ ਅਸਲ ਅਧਾਰਵਾਕਾਂ ਤੋਂ ਝੂਠੇ ਸਿੱਟੇ ਤੱਕ ਕਿਉਂ ਪਹੁੰਚਾ ਦਿੰਦੇ ਹਨ । </p> <ol><li>ਸਾਰੇ ਸੇਬ ਫਲ ਹਨ।  (ਸੱਚ)</li> <li>ਸਾਰੇ ਕੇਲੇ ਫਲ ਹਨ।. (ਸੱਚ)</li> <li>ਇਸ ਲਈ, ਸਾਰੇ ਕੇਲੇ ਸੇਬ ਹਨ. (ਝੂਠ)</li></ol> <p>ਝੂਠੇ ਅਧਾਰਵਾਕ ਵਾਲੀ ਇੱਕ ਪ੍ਰਮਾਣਿਕ ਦਲੀਲ ਗਲਤ ਸਿੱਟੇ ਤੇ ਪਹੁੰਚਾ ਸਕਦੀ ਹੈ, (ਇਹ ਅਤੇ ਹੇਠ ਲਿਖੀਆਂ ਉਦਾਹਰਣਾਂ ਯੂਨਾਨੀ ਸਿਲੋਗਿਜਮ ਦੀ ਪਾਲਣਾ ਨਹੀਂ ਕਰਦੀਆਂ): </p> <ol><li>ਸਾਰੇ ਲੰਬੇ ਲੋਕ ਫਰਾਂਸੀਸੀ ਹਨ  (ਝੂਠ)</li> <li>ਜੌਹਨ ਲੈਨਨ ਲੰਬਾ ਸੀ। (ਸੱਚ)</li> <li>ਇਸ ਲਈ, ਜੌਹਨ ਲੈਨਨ ਫਰਾਂਸੀਸੀ ਹੋਇਆ। (ਝੂਠ)</li></ol> <p>ਜਦੋਂ ਇੱਕ ਸਹੀ ਦਲੀਲ ਨੂੰ ਇੱਕ ਝੂਠੇ ਆਧਾਰਵਾਕ ਤੋਂ ਗਲਤ ਸਿੱਟਾ ਕੱਢਣ ਲਈ ਵਰਤਿਆ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ, ਤਾਂ ਅਨੁਮਾਨ ਸ਼ੀ ਹੁੰਦਾ ਹੈ ਕਿਉਂਕਿ ਇਹ ਸਹੀ ਅਨੁਮਾਨ ਦੇ ਰੂਪ ਤੇ ਚੱਲਦਾ ਹੈ। </p><p>ਇੱਕ ਸਹੀ ਦਲੀਲ ਨੂੰ ਇੱਕ ਝੂਠੇ ਆਧਾਰਵਾਕ ਤੋਂ ਸਹੀ ਸਿੱਟਾ ਕੱਢਣ ਲਈ ਵਰਤਿਆ ਜਾ ਸਕਦਾ ਹੈ: </p> <ol><li>ਸਾਰੇ ਲੰਬੇ ਲੋਕ ਸੰਗੀਤਕਾਰ ਹਨ। (ਠੀਕ, ਝੂਠ)</li> <li>ਜੌਹਨ ਲੈਨਨ ਲੰਬਾ ਸੀ। (ਠੀਕ, ਸੱਚ )</li> <li>ਇਸ ਲਈ, ਜੌਹਨ ਲੈਨਨ ਇੱਕ ਸੰਗੀਤਕਾਰ ਸੀ। (ਠੀਕ, ਸੱਚ)</li></ol> <p>ਇਸ ਕੇਸ ਵਿਚ ਸਾਡੇ ਕੋਲ ਇਕ ਝੂਠਾ ਅਧਾਰਵਾਕ ਹੈ ਅਤੇ ਇਕ ਸੱਚਾ ਅਧਾਰਵਾਕ ਜਦ ਕਿ ਇਕ ਸੱਚਾ ਸਿੱਟਾ ਕੱਢਿਆ ਗਿਆ ਹੈ। </p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">"<a dir="ltr" href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=ਮੰਤਕੀ_ਅਨੁਮਾਨ&oldid=424152">https://pa.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=ਮੰਤਕੀ_ਅਨੁਮਾਨ&oldid=424152</a>" ਤੋਂ ਲਿਆ</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8:%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A9%8D%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%A3%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%82" title="ਖ਼ਾਸ:ਸ਼੍ਰੇਣੀਆਂ">ਸ਼੍ਰੇਣੀਆਂ</a>: <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A9%8D%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%A3%E0%A9%80:%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%AA%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%9F%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%A8_%E0%A8%AD%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%A6%E0%A9%87_%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%A1%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%86_%E0%A8%A6%E0%A9%87_%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%96_from_August_2013&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ਸ਼੍ਰੇਣੀ:ਸਪਸ਼ਟੀਕਰਨ ਭਾਲਦੇ ਵਿਕੀਪੀਡੀਆ ਦੇ ਲੇਖ from August 2013 (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">ਸਪਸ਼ਟੀਕਰਨ ਭਾਲਦੇ ਵਿਕੀਪੀਡੀਆ ਦੇ ਲੇਖ from August 2013</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A9%8D%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%A3%E0%A9%80:%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%A8_%E0%A8%A6%E0%A9%87_%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%A4" title="ਸ਼੍ਰੇਣੀ:ਗਿਆਨ ਦੇ ਸਰੋਤ">ਗਿਆਨ ਦੇ ਸਰੋਤ</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">ਲੁਕਵੀਂ ਸ਼੍ਰੇਣੀ: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A9%8D%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%A3%E0%A9%80:%E0%A8%AB%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%87_%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BF%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%9A_%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%A4_%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%88%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%9F%E0%A8%B0_%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%87_%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%96" title="ਸ਼੍ਰੇਣੀ:ਫਰਮੇ ਵਿੱਚ ਗਲਤ ਮਿਤੀ ਪੈਰਾਮੀਟਰ ਵਾਲੇ ਲੇਖ">ਫਰਮੇ ਵਿੱਚ ਗਲਤ ਮਿਤੀ ਪੈਰਾਮੀਟਰ ਵਾਲੇ ਲੇਖ</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> ਇਸ ਸਫ਼ੇ ਵਿੱਚ ਆਖ਼ਰੀ ਸੋਧ 2 ਮਈ 2018 ਨੂੰ 12:04 ਵਜੇ ਹੋਈ।</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">ਇਹ ਲਿਖਤ <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 4.0</a> ਦੇ ਤਹਿਤ ਉਪਲਬਧ ਹੈ; 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