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lang="el" dir="ltr"> <section class="mf-section-0" id="mf-section-0"> <p>Οι <b>Ισπανικές Κάτω Χώρες</b> είναι τα εδάφη που ανήκαν στους δούκες της <a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%CE%92%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%BD%CE%B4%CE%AF%CE%B1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Βουργουνδία">Βουργουνδίας</a> και τα οποία κατέληξαν μέσω κληρονομιάς στον <a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%CE%9F%CE%AF%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%82_%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%91%CF%88%CE%B2%CE%BF%CF%8D%CF%81%CE%B3%CF%89%CE%BD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Οίκος των Αψβούργων">Οίκο των Αψβούργων</a> και συγκεκριμένα στο πρόσωπο του αυτοκράτορα της <a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%CE%91%CE%B3%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CE%A1%CF%89%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%8A%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%91%CF%85%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Αγία Ρωμαϊκή Αυτοκρατορία">Αγίας Ρωμαϊκής Αυτοκρατορίας</a> και ταυτόχρονα βασιλιά της Ισπανίας <a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%AC%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%9A%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%AF%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%82?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Κάρολος Κουίντος">Κάρολο Κουίντο</a>. Αυτός παραχώρησε τη "Βουργουνδική κληρονομιά" στο γιο του <a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%CE%A6%CE%AF%CE%BB%CE%B9%CF%80%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%92%CE%84_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%99%CF%83%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Φίλιππος Β΄ της Ισπανίας">Φίλιππο Β΄</a>, βασιλιά της Ισπανίας. Τα διάφορα αυτά κρατίδια ανήκαν στην Ισπανία ανάμεσα στο 16ο και το 18ο αιώνα. Αντιστοιχούσαν περίπου στο σημερινό <a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%CE%92%CE%AD%CE%BB%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%BF?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Βέλγιο">Βέλγιο</a> (με εξαίρεση το <a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%CE%A0%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%B3%CE%BA%CE%B9%CF%80%CE%AC%CF%84%CE%BF_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%9B%CE%B9%CE%AD%CE%B3%CE%B7%CF%82&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Πριγκιπάτο της Λιέγης (δεν έχει γραφτεί ακόμα)">Πριγκιπάτο της Λιέγης</a>), στο <a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%CE%9B%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%BE%CE%B5%CE%BC%CE%B2%CE%BF%CF%8D%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%BF?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Λουξεμβούργο">Λουξεμβούργο</a>, στη σημερινή <a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%CE%9F%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B4%CE%AF%CE%B1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ολλανδία">Ολλανδία</a>, όπως και σε ένα τμήμα του γαλλικού <a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%CE%9D%CE%BF%CF%81-%CE%A0%CE%B1-%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B5-%CE%9A%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%B1%CE%AF&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Νορ-Πα-ντε-Καλαί (δεν έχει γραφτεί ακόμα)">Νορ-Πα-ντε-Καλαί</a>. Οι <a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%CE%91%CF%88%CE%B2%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%9A%CE%AC%CF%84%CF%89_%CE%A7%CF%8E%CF%81%CE%B5%CF%82?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Αψβουργικές Κάτω Χώρες">Αψβουργικές Κάτω Χώρες</a> πέρασαν υπό πλήρη ισπανικό έλεγχο με την <a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%CE%A0%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%B3%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%9A%CF%8D%CF%81%CF%89%CF%83%CE%B7?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Πραγματιστική Κύρωση">Πραγματιστική Κύρωση</a> του <a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1549?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1549">1549</a> και την παραίτηση του αυτοκράτορα και βασιλιά <a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%AC%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%9A%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%AF%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%82?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Κάρολος Κουίντος">Κάρολου Κουίντου</a>, στις 16 Ιανουαρίου <a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1556?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1556">1556</a>.</p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%CE%91%CF%81%CF%87%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%BF:Flag_of_the_Low_Countries.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Flag_of_the_Low_Countries.svg/220px-Flag_of_the_Low_Countries.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Flag_of_the_Low_Countries.svg/330px-Flag_of_the_Low_Countries.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Flag_of_the_Low_Countries.svg/440px-Flag_of_the_Low_Countries.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></a> <figcaption> Η σημαία των Ισπανικών Κάτω Χωρών. </figcaption> </figure> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"> <input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"> <div class="toctitle" lang="el" dir="ltr"> <h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Πίνακας περιεχομένων</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span> </div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%CE%99%CF%83%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%9A%CE%AC%CF%84%CF%89_%CE%A7%CF%8E%CF%81%CE%B5%CF%82?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%CE%A0%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%B9%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Πολιτική</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-2"><a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%CE%99%CF%83%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%9A%CE%AC%CF%84%CF%89_%CE%A7%CF%8E%CF%81%CE%B5%CF%82?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%CE%93%CE%AD%CE%BD%CE%BD%CE%B7%CF%83%CE%B7_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%AC%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%82"><span class="tocnumber">1.1</span> <span class="toctext">Γέννηση του κράτους</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%CE%99%CF%83%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%9A%CE%AC%CF%84%CF%89_%CE%A7%CF%8E%CF%81%CE%B5%CF%82?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%CE%97_%CE%B2%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%A6%CE%AF%CE%BB%CE%B9%CF%80%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%92%E2%80%99"><span class="tocnumber">1.2</span> <span class="toctext">Η βασιλεία του Φίλιππου Β’</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%CE%99%CF%83%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%9A%CE%AC%CF%84%CF%89_%CE%A7%CF%8E%CF%81%CE%B5%CF%82?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%CE%88%CE%BD%CE%B1_%CF%83%CF%87%CE%AF%CF%83%CE%BC%CE%B1_%CE%B5%CE%BE%CE%B1%CE%B9%CF%84%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%B8%CF%81%CE%B7%CF%83%CE%BA%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82"><span class="tocnumber">1.3</span> <span class="toctext">Ένα σχίσμα εξαιτίας της θρησκείας</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%CE%99%CF%83%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%9A%CE%AC%CF%84%CF%89_%CE%A7%CF%8E%CF%81%CE%B5%CF%82?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%CE%9F%CE%B9_%CE%9A%CE%AC%CF%84%CF%89_%CE%A7%CF%8E%CF%81%CE%B5%CF%82_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%9D%CF%8C%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85"><span class="tocnumber">1.4</span> <span class="toctext">Οι Κάτω Χώρες του Νότου</span></a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%CE%99%CF%83%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%9A%CE%AC%CF%84%CF%89_%CE%A7%CF%8E%CF%81%CE%B5%CF%82?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%CE%9F%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%BF%CE%BD%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%AF%CE%B1"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Οικονομία</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%CE%99%CF%83%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%9A%CE%AC%CF%84%CF%89_%CE%A7%CF%8E%CF%81%CE%B5%CF%82?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%CE%A0%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%BC%CF%80%CE%AD%CF%82"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Παραπομπές</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%CE%99%CF%83%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%9A%CE%AC%CF%84%CF%89_%CE%A7%CF%8E%CF%81%CE%B5%CF%82?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%CE%95%CE%BE%CF%89%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%BF%CE%AF_%CF%83%CF%8D%CE%BD%CE%B4%CE%B5%CF%83%CE%BC%CE%BF%CE%B9"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Εξωτερικοί σύνδεσμοι</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Πολιτική"><span id=".CE.A0.CE.BF.CE.BB.CE.B9.CF.84.CE.B9.CE.BA.CE.AE"></span>Πολιτική</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%CE%99%CF%83%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%9A%CE%AC%CF%84%CF%89_%CE%A7%CF%8E%CF%81%CE%B5%CF%82&action=edit&section=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Επεξεργασία ενότητας: Πολιτική" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>Επεξεργασία</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Γέννηση_του_κράτους"><span id=".CE.93.CE.AD.CE.BD.CE.BD.CE.B7.CF.83.CE.B7_.CF.84.CE.BF.CF.85_.CE.BA.CF.81.CE.AC.CF.84.CE.BF.CF.85.CF.82"></span>Γέννηση του κράτους</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%CE%99%CF%83%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%9A%CE%AC%CF%84%CF%89_%CE%A7%CF%8E%CF%81%CE%B5%CF%82&action=edit&section=2&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Επεξεργασία ενότητας: Γέννηση του κράτους" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>Επεξεργασία</span> </a> </span> </div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%CE%91%CF%81%CF%87%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%BF:Charles_I_and_V_empire.png?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Charles_I_and_V_empire.png/150px-Charles_I_and_V_empire.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="134" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="782" data-file-height="699"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 150px;height: 134px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Charles_I_and_V_empire.png/150px-Charles_I_and_V_empire.png" data-width="150" data-height="134" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Charles_I_and_V_empire.png/225px-Charles_I_and_V_empire.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Charles_I_and_V_empire.png/300px-Charles_I_and_V_empire.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Οι Κάτω Χώρες εντός της αυτοκρατορίας του Κάρολου Ε΄. </figcaption> </figure> <p>Πριν να περάσουν υπό ισπανικό έλεγχο, οι επαρχίες των Κάτω Χωρών συγκεντρώθηκαν υπό ένα στέμμα από τους <a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%CE%94%CE%BF%CF%8D%CE%BA%CE%B5%CF%82_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%92%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%BD%CE%B4%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Δούκες της Βουργουνδίας">Δούκες της Βουργουνδίας</a> και στη συνέχεια από τον <a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%AC%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%9A%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%AF%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%82?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Κάρολος Κουίντος">Κάρολο Ε΄</a>. Ο τελευταίος, γεννημένος στη <a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%CE%93%CE%AC%CE%BD%CE%B4%CE%B7?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Γάνδη">Γάνδη</a> το <a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1500?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1500">1500</a>, είναι ο διάδοχος των δουκών, αλλά και του αυτοκράτορα που ανήκε στον Οίκο των <a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%CE%91%CF%88%CE%B2%CE%BF%CF%8D%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%BF%CE%B9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Αψβούργοι">Αψβούργων</a>, της βασίλισσας της Καστίλης και του βασιλιά της Αραγονίας, που ήδη κατείχαν ένα μεγάλο τμήμα της Ιταλίας και που ξεκινούσαν την επέκταση της αυτοκρατορίας τους στην Νότια Αμερική. Ο Κάρολος Ε΄ βασίλεψε στις <a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%CE%94%CE%B5%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%B5%CF%80%CF%84%CE%AC_%CE%95%CF%80%CE%B1%CF%81%CF%87%CE%AF%CE%B5%CF%82?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Δεκαεπτά Επαρχίες">Δεκαεπτά Επαρχίες</a> την περίοδο <a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1515?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1515">1515</a>-<a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1555?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1555">1555</a>.</p> <p>Οι Κάτω Χώρες αποτελούσαν τμήμα της <a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%CE%91%CE%B3%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CE%A1%CF%89%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%8A%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%91%CF%85%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Αγία Ρωμαϊκή Αυτοκρατορία">Αγίας Ρωμαϊκής Αυτοκρατορίας</a> ως <a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%CE%9A%CF%8D%CE%BA%CE%BB%CE%BF%CF%82_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%92%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%BD%CE%B4%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Κύκλος της Βουργουνδίας">Κύκλος της Βουργουνδίας</a>. Το <a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1548?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1548">1548</a>, ο Κάρολος Ε΄ προτείνει ένα νέο καθεστώς για τον Κύκλο, με στόχο να ενώσει πιο στενά τις διάφορες Επαρχίες. Στη διάρκεια της αυτοκρατορικής Δίαιτας του Άουγκσμπουργκ, ο Κύκλος αποκτά ένα καθεστώς ημι-ανεξαρτησίας (για παράδειγμα δεν θα υποβάλλεται στις αποφάσεις του Ράιχσταγκ). Έπειτα το <a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1549?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1549">1549</a>, ο Κάρολος Ε΄ εξέδωσε την <a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%CE%A0%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%B3%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%9A%CF%8D%CF%81%CF%89%CF%83%CE%B7_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_1549?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Πραγματική Κύρωση του 1549">Πραγματική Κύρωση</a> που κάνει τις Κάτω Χώρες ένα κράτος ανεξάρτητο από την <a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%CE%91%CE%B3%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CE%A1%CF%89%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%8A%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%91%CF%85%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Αγία Ρωμαϊκή Αυτοκρατορία">Αγία Ρωμαϊκή Αυτοκρατορία</a> και το <a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%CE%92%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%AF%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%BF_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%93%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Βασίλειο της Γαλλίας">Βασίλειο της Γαλλίας</a>.</p> <p>Ο Κάρολος Ε΄ παρέδωσε, στις <a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/25_%CE%9F%CE%BA%CF%84%CF%89%CE%B2%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%BF%CF%85?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="25 Οκτωβρίου">25 Οκτωβρίου</a> <a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1555?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1555">1555</a> την εξουσία του πάνω στα μη-αυστριακά εδάφη του, συμπεριλαμβανομένων των Κάτω Χωρών, προς όφελος του γιου του <a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%CE%A6%CE%AF%CE%BB%CE%B9%CF%80%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%92%27_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%99%CF%83%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Φίλιππος Β' της Ισπανίας">Φιλίππου Β΄</a> και στις <a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/16_%CE%99%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%BF%CF%85?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="16 Ιανουαρίου">16 Ιανουαρίου</a> <a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1556?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1556">1556</a>, παραδίδοντάς του ταυτόχρονα το στέμμα της Ισπανίας.</p> <p>Πρακτικά, οι Κάτω Χώρες αποτελούν πλέον ένα αυτόνομο Κράτος ενώπιον του διεθνούς δικαίου, αν και, όσον αφορά την εξωτερική πολιτική, παραμένουν εξαρτημένες από άλλα Κράτη της δυναστείας των Αψβούργων.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%CE%99%CF%83%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%9A%CE%AC%CF%84%CF%89_%CE%A7%CF%8E%CF%81%CE%B5%CF%82?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Για τον Κάρολο Ε΄, αυτό δεν αποτελεί το τέλος του. Πράγματι, υπογράφοντας την <a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%CE%A0%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%B3%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%9A%CF%8D%CF%81%CF%89%CF%83%CE%B7_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_1549)&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Πραγματιστική Κύρωση του 1549) (δεν έχει γραφτεί ακόμα)">Πραγματιστική Κύρωση</a> από την <a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%CE%93%CE%B5%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%A3%CF%85%CE%BD%CE%AD%CE%BB%CE%B5%CF%85%CF%83%CE%B7_%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%9A%CE%AC%CF%84%CF%89_%CE%A7%CF%89%CF%81%CF%8E%CE%BD&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Γενική Συνέλευση των Κάτω Χωρών (δεν έχει γραφτεί ακόμα)">Γενική Συνέλευση των Κάτω Χωρών</a>, ο αυτοκράτορας βεβαιώθηκε επίσης πως ο έλεγχος των Δεκαεπτά Επαρχιών θα παρέμενε στα χέρια του Οίκου του. Οι Επαρχίες ήταν ασύγκριτης αξίας για το στέμμα της <a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%CE%99%CF%83%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%9A%CE%B1%CE%B8%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%9C%CE%BF%CE%BD%CE%B1%CF%81%CF%87%CE%AF%CE%B1&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Ισπανική Καθολική Μοναρχία (δεν έχει γραφτεί ακόμα)">Ισπανίας</a>. Στη διάρκεια της βασιλείας του Καρόλου, από τα έξι εκατομμύρια χρυσού που μαζεύονταν ετησίως από όλη την έκταση του βασιλείου, δύο εκατομμύρια προέρχονταν αποκλειστικά από τις Επαρχίες των Κάτω Χωρών, δηλ. τέσσερις φορές περισσότερο από τα χρήματα που προέρχονταν από την Αμερική ή την Ισπανία.</p> <p>Επιπλέον, και από το <a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1531?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1531">1531</a>, οι Βρυξέλλες έγιναν οριστικά η πρωτεύουσα αυτού του Κράτους.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Η_βασιλεία_του_Φίλιππου_Β’"><span id=".CE.97_.CE.B2.CE.B1.CF.83.CE.B9.CE.BB.CE.B5.CE.AF.CE.B1_.CF.84.CE.BF.CF.85_.CE.A6.CE.AF.CE.BB.CE.B9.CF.80.CF.80.CE.BF.CF.85_.CE.92.E2.80.99"></span>Η βασιλεία του Φίλιππου Β’</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%CE%99%CF%83%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%9A%CE%AC%CF%84%CF%89_%CE%A7%CF%8E%CF%81%CE%B5%CF%82&action=edit&section=3&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Επεξεργασία ενότητας: Η βασιλεία του Φίλιππου Β’" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>Επεξεργασία</span> </a> </span> </div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%CE%91%CF%81%CF%87%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%BF:Map_of_the_Habsburg_Netherlands_by_Alexis-Marie_Gochet.png?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Map_of_the_Habsburg_Netherlands_by_Alexis-Marie_Gochet.png/150px-Map_of_the_Habsburg_Netherlands_by_Alexis-Marie_Gochet.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="210" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="532" data-file-height="744"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 150px;height: 210px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Map_of_the_Habsburg_Netherlands_by_Alexis-Marie_Gochet.png/150px-Map_of_the_Habsburg_Netherlands_by_Alexis-Marie_Gochet.png" data-width="150" data-height="210" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Map_of_the_Habsburg_Netherlands_by_Alexis-Marie_Gochet.png/225px-Map_of_the_Habsburg_Netherlands_by_Alexis-Marie_Gochet.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Map_of_the_Habsburg_Netherlands_by_Alexis-Marie_Gochet.png/300px-Map_of_the_Habsburg_Netherlands_by_Alexis-Marie_Gochet.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Οι Ισπανικές Κάτω Χώρες και το σχίσμα. </figcaption> </figure> <p>Υπό την βασιλεία του Φίλιππου Β’, μια διαμάχη ξεκίνησε με την Ισπανία. Πράγματι, όσο ο Κάρολος Κουίντος ήταν ένας <i>ντόπιος</i> (όντας γεννημένος στη <a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%CE%93%CE%AC%CE%BD%CE%B4%CE%B7?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Γάνδη">Γάνδη</a>), τόσο ο Φίλιππος Β’ ήταν ένας <i>ξένος</i> μονάρχης, που είχε πάρει την εκπαίδευσή του στην Ισπανία. Σε αυτό προστίθενται μια διαμάχη με την κυβέρνηση (κεντρικοποιημένη) και μια θρησκευτική διαίρεση (οι βασιλείς, καθολικοί, να παλεύουν σταθερά απέναντι στην "προτεσταντική αίρεση"). Υπό τον Φίλιππο Β', παρακολουθείται η θρησκευτική ορθοδοξία του <a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%CE%A0%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B5%CF%80%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%84%CE%AE%CE%BC%CE%B9%CE%BF_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%9D%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%B1%CE%AF&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Πανεπιστήμιο του Ντουαί (δεν έχει γραφτεί ακόμα)">πανεπιστημίου του Ντουαί</a> και του <a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%CE%A0%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B5%CF%80%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%84%CE%AE%CE%BC%CE%B9%CE%BF_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%9B%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%B2%CE%B1%CE%AF%CE%BD&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Πανεπιστήμιο της Λουβαίν (δεν έχει γραφτεί ακόμα)">πανεπιστημίου του Λουβαίν</a>.</p> <p>Επιπλέον, η ένωση της Αραγωνίας και της Καστίλης (και της αποικιακής της αυτοκρατορίας) φέρνουν τις Ηνωμένες Επαρχίες να μην αποτελούν πλέον παρά ένα κράτος-δορυφόρο. Μέχρι τώρα, αποτελούσαν το οικονομικό της κέντρο.</p> <p>Η επανάσταση απλώνεται σε περισσότερα χρόνια :</p> <ul> <li>Το <a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%CE%A3%CF%85%CE%BC%CE%B2%CE%BF%CF%8D%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%BF_%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%87%CF%8E%CE%BD&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Συμβούλιο των διαταραχών (δεν έχει γραφτεί ακόμα)">Συμβούλιο των διαταραχών</a> του <a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%CE%A6%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BD%CE%AC%CE%BD%CE%B4%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%91%CE%BB%CE%B2%CE%AC%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%82_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%A4%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%AD%CE%B4%CE%BF%CF%85&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Φερνινάνδος Αλβάρος του Τολέδου (δεν έχει γραφτεί ακόμα)">δούκα της Άλμπα</a> το <a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1567?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1567">1567</a></li> <li>Την <a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%CE%99%CF%83%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%AE&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Ισπανική οργή (δεν έχει γραφτεί ακόμα)">ισπανική οργή</a> του <a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1576?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1576">1576</a></li> <li>Την <a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%CE%95%CE%B9%CF%81%CE%AE%CE%BD%CE%B5%CF%85%CF%83%CE%B7_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%93%CE%AC%CE%BD%CE%B4%CE%B7%CF%82&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Ειρήνευση της Γάνδης (δεν έχει γραφτεί ακόμα)">Ειρήνευση της Γάνδης</a> του <a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1576?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1576">1576</a></li> <li>Την <a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%CE%88%CE%BD%CF%89%CF%83%CE%B7_%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%92%CF%81%CF%85%CE%BE%CE%B5%CE%BB%CE%BB%CF%8E%CE%BD&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Ένωση των Βρυξελλών (δεν έχει γραφτεί ακόμα)">Ένωση των Βρυξελλών</a> του <a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1577?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1577">1577</a></li> <li>Την <a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%CE%88%CE%BD%CF%89%CF%83%CE%B7_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%91%CF%81%CF%81%CE%AC&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Ένωση του Αρρά (δεν έχει γραφτεί ακόμα)">Ένωση του Αρρά</a> και την <a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%CE%88%CE%BD%CF%89%CF%83%CE%B7_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%9F%CF%85%CF%84%CF%81%CE%AD%CF%87%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Ένωση της Ουτρέχτης (δεν έχει γραφτεί ακόμα)">Ένωση της Ουτρέχτης</a> του <a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1579?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1579">1579</a></li> <li>Τον <a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%CE%9D%CF%8C%CE%BC%CE%BF%CF%82_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%A7%CE%AC%CE%B3%CE%B7%CF%82&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Νόμος της Χάγης (δεν έχει γραφτεί ακόμα)">Νόμο της Χάγης</a> του <a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1581?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1581">1581</a></li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Ένα_σχίσμα_εξαιτίας_της_θρησκείας"><span id=".CE.88.CE.BD.CE.B1_.CF.83.CF.87.CE.AF.CF.83.CE.BC.CE.B1_.CE.B5.CE.BE.CE.B1.CE.B9.CF.84.CE.AF.CE.B1.CF.82_.CF.84.CE.B7.CF.82_.CE.B8.CF.81.CE.B7.CF.83.CE.BA.CE.B5.CE.AF.CE.B1.CF.82"></span>Ένα σχίσμα εξαιτίας της θρησκείας</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%CE%99%CF%83%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%9A%CE%AC%CF%84%CF%89_%CE%A7%CF%8E%CF%81%CE%B5%CF%82&action=edit&section=4&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Επεξεργασία ενότητας: Ένα σχίσμα εξαιτίας της θρησκείας" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>Επεξεργασία</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Το <a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1581?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1581">1581</a>, οι επτά επαρχίες στην πλειοψηφία τους <a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%CE%A0%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%82?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Προτεσταντισμός">προτεσταντικές</a>, και που βρίσκονταν στα βόρεια των Κάτω Χωρών <a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%CE%91%CE%BD%CE%B1%CE%AF%CF%81%CE%B5%CF%83%CE%B1%CE%BD&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Αναίρεσαν (δεν έχει γραφτεί ακόμα)">αναίρεσαν</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Act_of_Abjuration" class="extiw" title="en:Act of Abjuration">en</a>]</span> την πίστη τους στον βασιλιά και δημιούργησαν τις <a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%CE%9F%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%94%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%BF%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%AF%CE%B1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ολλανδική Δημοκρατία">Ηνωμένες Επαρχίες</a>. Οι δέκα καθολικές επαρχίες παρέμειναν υπό τον έλεγχο του ισπανικού στέμματος.</p> <p>Θα χρειαστούν αρκετοί πόλεμοι για να εξασφαλιστεί η ανεξαρτησία των Ηνωμένων Επαρχιών (ανακηρύχτηκαν ανεξάρτητες το <a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1581?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1581">1581</a>). Η πιο δύσκολη περίοδος του <a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%CE%9F%CE%B3%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%B7%CE%BA%CE%BF%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%AE%CF%82_%CE%A0%CF%8C%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%BC%CE%BF%CF%82?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ογδοηκονταετής Πόλεμος">Ογδοηκονταετούς Πολέμου</a> έλαβε χώρα το χρονικό διάστημα 1581-1609, ημερομηνία κατά την οποία παρεμβαίνει η Δωδεκαετής Ειρήνη. Η διαμάχη ξανάρχισε με την λήξη αυτής της ειρήνης, το 1621, όμως δεν συνδέεται πλέον με έναν <i>εμφύλιο</i> πόλεμο, παρά με έναν πόλεμο <i>ανάμεσα</i> σε δύο Κράτη. Η ειρήνη υπήρξε οριστική παρά μόνο το 1648.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Οι_Κάτω_Χώρες_του_Νότου"><span id=".CE.9F.CE.B9_.CE.9A.CE.AC.CF.84.CF.89_.CE.A7.CF.8E.CF.81.CE.B5.CF.82_.CF.84.CE.BF.CF.85_.CE.9D.CF.8C.CF.84.CE.BF.CF.85"></span>Οι Κάτω Χώρες του Νότου</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%CE%99%CF%83%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%9A%CE%AC%CF%84%CF%89_%CE%A7%CF%8E%CF%81%CE%B5%CF%82&action=edit&section=5&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Επεξεργασία ενότητας: Οι Κάτω Χώρες του Νότου" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>Επεξεργασία</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Οι καθολικές Κάτω Χώρες δεν θα είναι, στη συνέχεια, παρά ένα Κράτος-δορυφόρος μιας πιο μεγάλης σε έκταση αυτοκρατορίας, που διοικούνταν από τη Μαδρίτη από τον βασιλιά της Ισπανίας.</p> <p>Μετά τον <a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%CE%A0%CF%8C%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%BC%CE%BF%CF%82_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%99%CF%83%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE%CF%82_%CE%94%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%B4%CE%BF%CF%87%CE%AE%CF%82?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Πόλεμος της Ισπανικής Διαδοχής">Πόλεμο της Ισπανικής Διαδοχής</a> (1701-1714), οι ισπανικές Κάτω Χώρες παραχωρήθηκαν στα ξαδέρφια του βασιλιά της Ισπανίας από τον Οίκο των Αψβούργων, τους αρχιδούκες της <a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%CE%91%CF%85%CF%83%CF%84%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Αυστρία">Αυστρίας</a>, που ήταν και αυτοκράτορες της Αγίας Ρωμαϊκής Αυτοκρατορίας και βασιλιάδες της Βοημίας και Ουγγαρίας, οπότε και παίρνουν το όνομα <b><a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%CE%91%CF%85%CF%83%CF%84%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%BA%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%9A%CE%AC%CF%84%CF%89_%CE%A7%CF%8E%CF%81%CE%B5%CF%82?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Αυστριακές Κάτω Χώρες">Αυστριακές Κάτω Χώρες</a></b>.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Οικονομία"><span id=".CE.9F.CE.B9.CE.BA.CE.BF.CE.BD.CE.BF.CE.BC.CE.AF.CE.B1"></span>Οικονομία</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%CE%99%CF%83%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%9A%CE%AC%CF%84%CF%89_%CE%A7%CF%8E%CF%81%CE%B5%CF%82&action=edit&section=6&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Επεξεργασία ενότητας: Οικονομία" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>Επεξεργασία</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <p>Η σημασία των Κάτω Χωρών μειώθηκε σταδιακά στη διάρκεια του 15ου και του 16ου αιώνα.</p> <p>Στα μέσα του 16ου αιώνα, η <a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%CE%9C%CF%80%CF%81%CF%85%CE%B6?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Μπρυζ">Μπρυζ</a> (στην <a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%B7%CF%84%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%A6%CE%BB%CE%AC%CE%BD%CE%B4%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%82?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Κομητεία της Φλάνδρας">κομητεία της Φλάνδρας</a>) είχε ήδη χάσει την θέση της ως οικονομική δύναμη της Βόρειας Ευρώπης. Η μαρκιωνία της <a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%CE%91%CE%BC%CE%B2%CE%AD%CF%81%CF%83%CE%B1_(%CF%80%CF%8C%CE%BB%CE%B7)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Αμβέρσα (πόλη)">Αμβέρσας</a> (στο <a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%CE%94%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%BA%CE%AC%CF%84%CE%BF_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%92%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%B2%CE%AC%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Δουκάτο της Βραβάντης">δουκάτο της Βραβάντης</a>) αποτέλεσε το οικονομικό, πολιτικό και πολιτισμικό κέντρο των Κάτω Χωρών μετά τη μετάθεση της πρωτεύουσας από το <a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%AD%CF%87%CE%B5%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%BD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Μέχελεν">Μέχελεν</a> στην πόλη των <a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%CE%92%CF%81%CF%85%CE%BE%CE%AD%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%B5%CF%82?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Βρυξέλλες">Βρυξελλών</a>.</p> <p>Μετά την ανεξαρτησία των Ηνωμένων Επαρχιών και την απαγόρευση της ναυσιπλοΐας στον ποταμό <a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%CE%95%CF%83%CE%BA%CF%8E?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Εσκώ">Εσκώ</a>, ένας μεγάλος αριθμός μεταναστών από τον Νότο ήρθε να εγκατασταθεί στην νέα δημοκρατία. Η οικονομική ευμάρεια πέρασε από τις πόλεις του Νότου, από τη <a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%CE%9C%CF%80%CF%81%CF%85%CE%B6?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Μπρυζ">Μπρυζ</a>, την <a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%CE%91%CE%BC%CE%B2%CE%AD%CF%81%CF%83%CE%B1_(%CF%80%CF%8C%CE%BB%CE%B7)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Αμβέρσα (πόλη)">Αμβέρσα</a>, τη <a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%CE%93%CE%AC%CE%BD%CE%B4%CE%B7?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Γάνδη">Γάνδη</a> και τις <a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%CE%92%CF%81%CF%85%CE%BE%CE%AD%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%B5%CF%82?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Βρυξέλλες">Βρυξέλλες</a>, σε αυτές του Βορρά, ανάμεσά τους στο <a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%CE%86%CE%BC%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%BC?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Άμστερνταμ">Άμστερνταμ</a>, τη <a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%CE%A7%CE%AC%CE%B3%CE%B7?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Χάγη">Χάγη</a> και το <a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%CE%A1%CF%8C%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%BC?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ρότερνταμ">Ρότερνταμ</a>.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Παραπομπές"><span id=".CE.A0.CE.B1.CF.81.CE.B1.CF.80.CE.BF.CE.BC.CF.80.CE.AD.CF.82"></span>Παραπομπές</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%CE%99%CF%83%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%9A%CE%AC%CF%84%CF%89_%CE%A7%CF%8E%CF%81%CE%B5%CF%82&action=edit&section=7&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Επεξεργασία ενότητας: Παραπομπές" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>Επεξεργασία</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%CE%99%CF%83%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%9A%CE%AC%CF%84%CF%89_%CE%A7%CF%8E%CF%81%CE%B5%CF%82?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Histoire des nations belges</i>, Wils Lode (page 64).</span></li> </ol> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Εξωτερικοί_σύνδεσμοι"><span id=".CE.95.CE.BE.CF.89.CF.84.CE.B5.CF.81.CE.B9.CE.BA.CE.BF.CE.AF_.CF.83.CF.8D.CE.BD.CE.B4.CE.B5.CF.83.CE.BC.CE.BF.CE.B9"></span>Εξωτερικοί σύνδεσμοι</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%CE%99%CF%83%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%9A%CE%AC%CF%84%CF%89_%CE%A7%CF%8E%CF%81%CE%B5%CF%82&action=edit&section=8&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Επεξεργασία ενότητας: Εξωτερικοί σύνδεσμοι" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>Επεξεργασία</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <table role="presentation" class="noprint mbox-small" style="border:1px solid var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1); background-color:var(--background-color-notice-subtle, #f8f9fa); color:inherit;"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="mbox-text plainlist" style="">Τα <a href="https://el-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wikimedia Commons">Wikimedia Commons</a> έχουν πολυμέσα σχετικά με το θέμα<br>   <b><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Spanish_Netherlands" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Spanish Netherlands"> Ισπανικές Κάτω Χώρες</a></b></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <ul> <li>Numismatique : <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.numishop.eu/fiche-fwo_170691-mo_mon-1-BELGIQUE_1_Patagon_Pays_Bas_Espagnols_frappe_au_nom_de_Philippe_IV_Croix_de_St_Andre_armes_et_collier_de_la_toison_d_or_1651.html">1 <i>patagon</i> des Pays-Bas espagnols, 1651</a></li> </ul> <p><br></p> <div class="navbox-styles"> <style 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data-language-local-name="Αραβικά" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pa%25C3%25ADses_Baxos_espa%25C3%25B1oles" title="Países Baxos españoles – Αστουριανά" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Países Baxos españoles" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Αστουριανά" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2586%25D1%2581%25D0%25BF%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BD%25D1%2581%25D0%25BA%25D1%2596%25D1%258F_%25D0%259D%25D1%2596%25D0%25B4%25D1%258D%25D1%2580%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B4%25D1%258B" title="Іспанскія Нідэрланды – Λευκορωσικά" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Іспанскія Нідэрланды" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Λευκορωσικά" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2598%25D1%2581%25D0%25BF%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BD%25D1%2581%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B0_%25D0%259D%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B5%25D1%2580%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B8%25D1%258F" title="Испанска Нидерландия – Βουλγαρικά" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Испанска Нидерландия" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Βουλγαρικά" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izelvroio%25C3%25B9_spagnol" title="Izelvroioù spagnol – Βρετονικά" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Izelvroioù spagnol" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Βρετονικά" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pa%25C3%25AFsos_Baixos_espanyols" title="Països Baixos espanyols – Καταλανικά" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Països Baixos espanyols" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Καταλανικά" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C5%25A0pan%25C4%259Blsk%25C3%25A9_Nizozem%25C3%25AD" title="Španělské Nizozemí – Τσεχικά" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Španělské Nizozemí" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Τσεχικά" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanske_Nederlande" title="Spanske Nederlande – Δανικά" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Spanske Nederlande" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Δανικά" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanische_Niederlande" title="Spanische Niederlande – Γερμανικά" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Spanische Niederlande" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Γερμανικά" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_Netherlands" title="Spanish Netherlands – Αγγλικά" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Spanish Netherlands" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Αγγλικά" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hispana_Nederlando" title="Hispana Nederlando – Εσπεράντο" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Hispana Nederlando" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Εσπεράντο" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pa%25C3%25ADses_Bajos_Espa%25C3%25B1oles" title="Países Bajos Españoles – Ισπανικά" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Países Bajos Españoles" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Ισπανικά" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hispaania_Madalmaad" title="Hispaania Madalmaad – Εσθονικά" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Hispaania Madalmaad" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Εσθονικά" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Espainiar_Herbehereak" title="Espainiar Herbehereak – Βασκικά" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Espainiar Herbehereak" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Βασκικά" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2587%25D9%2584%25D9%2586%25D8%25AF_%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B3%25D9%25BE%25D8%25A7%25D9%2586%25DB%258C%25D8%25A7" title="هلند اسپانیا – Περσικά" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="هلند اسپانیا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Περσικά" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Espanjan_Alankomaat" title="Espanjan Alankomaat – Φινλανδικά" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Espanjan Alankomaat" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Φινλανδικά" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pays-Bas_espagnols" title="Pays-Bas espagnols – Γαλλικά" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Pays-Bas espagnols" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Γαλλικά" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pa%25C3%25ADses_Baixos_espa%25C3%25B1ois" title="Países Baixos españois – Γαλικιανά" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Países Baixos españois" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Γαλικιανά" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D7%2590%25D7%25A8%25D7%25A6%25D7%2595%25D7%25AA_%25D7%2594%25D7%25A9%25D7%25A4%25D7%259C%25D7%2594_%25D7%2594%25D7%25A1%25D7%25A4%25D7%25A8%25D7%2593%25D7%2599%25D7%2595%25D7%25AA" title="ארצות השפלה הספרדיות – Εβραϊκά" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ארצות השפלה הספרדיות" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Εβραϊκά" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D4%25BB%25D5%25BD%25D5%25BA%25D5%25A1%25D5%25B6%25D5%25A1%25D5%25AF%25D5%25A1%25D5%25B6_%25D5%2586%25D5%25AB%25D5%25A4%25D5%25A5%25D6%2580%25D5%25AC%25D5%25A1%25D5%25B6%25D5%25A4%25D5%25B6%25D5%25A5%25D6%2580" title="Իսպանական Նիդերլանդներ – Αρμενικά" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Իսպանական Նիդերլանդներ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Αρμενικά" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belanda_Spanyol" title="Belanda Spanyol – Ινδονησιακά" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Belanda Spanyol" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Ινδονησιακά" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sp%25C3%25A6nsku_Ni%25C3%25B0url%25C3%25B6nd" title="Spænsku Niðurlönd – Ισλανδικά" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Spænsku Niðurlönd" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Ισλανδικά" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paesi_Bassi_spagnoli" title="Paesi Bassi spagnoli – Ιταλικά" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Paesi Bassi spagnoli" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Ιταλικά" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2583%2594%25E1%2583%25A1%25E1%2583%259E%25E1%2583%2590%25E1%2583%259C%25E1%2583%2594%25E1%2583%2597%25E1%2583%2598%25E1%2583%25A1_%25E1%2583%259C%25E1%2583%2598%25E1%2583%2593%25E1%2583%2594%25E1%2583%25A0%25E1%2583%259A%25E1%2583%2590%25E1%2583%259C%25E1%2583%2593%25E1%2583%2594%25E1%2583%2591%25E1%2583%2598" title="ესპანეთის ნიდერლანდები – Γεωργιανά" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ესპანეთის ნიდერლანდები" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Γεωργιανά" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgium_Hispanicum" title="Belgium Hispanicum – Λατινικά" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Belgium Hispanicum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Λατινικά" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spuenesch_Nidderlanden" title="Spuenesch Nidderlanden – Λουξεμβουργιανά" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Spuenesch Nidderlanden" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Λουξεμβουργιανά" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ispanijos_Nyderlandai" title="Ispanijos Nyderlandai – Λιθουανικά" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Ispanijos Nyderlandai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Λιθουανικά" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sp%25C4%2581%25C5%2586u_N%25C4%25ABderlande" title="Spāņu Nīderlande – Λετονικά" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Spāņu Nīderlande" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Λετονικά" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A8%25D0%25BF%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BD%25D1%2581%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B8_%25D0%259D%25D0%25B8%25D1%2581%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B8_%25D0%2597%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BC%25D1%2598%25D0%25B8" title="Шпански Ниски Земји – Σλαβομακεδονικά" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Шпански Ниски Земји" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Σλαβομακεδονικά" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belanda_Sepanyol" title="Belanda Sepanyol – Μαλαισιανά" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Belanda Sepanyol" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Μαλαισιανά" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spaanse_Nederlanden" title="Spaanse Nederlanden – Ολλανδικά" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Spaanse Nederlanden" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Ολλανδικά" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dei_s%25C3%25B8rlege_Nederlanda" title="Dei sørlege Nederlanda – Νορβηγικά Νινόρσκ" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Dei sørlege Nederlanda" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Νορβηγικά Νινόρσκ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/De_spanske_Nederlandene" title="De spanske Nederlandene – Νορβηγικά Μποκμάλ" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="De spanske Nederlandene" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Νορβηγικά Μποκμάλ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niderlandy_Hiszpa%25C5%2584skie" title="Niderlandy Hiszpańskie – Πολωνικά" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Niderlandy Hiszpańskie" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Πολωνικά" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pa%25C3%25ADses_Baixos_Espanh%25C3%25B3is" title="Países Baixos Espanhóis – Πορτογαλικά" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Países Baixos Espanhóis" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Πορτογαλικά" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2598%25D1%2581%25D0%25BF%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BD%25D1%2581%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B5_%25D0%259D%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B5%25D1%2580%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B4%25D1%258B" title="Испанские Нидерланды – Ρωσικά" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Испанские Нидерланды" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Ρωσικά" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C5%25A0panska_Nizozemska" title="Španska Nizozemska – Σερβοκροατικά" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Španska Nizozemska" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Σερβοκροατικά" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C5%25A0panielske_Nizozemsko" title="Španielske Nizozemsko – Σλοβακικά" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Španielske Nizozemsko" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Σλοβακικά" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C5%25A0panska_Holandija" title="Španska Holandija – Σερβικά" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Španska Holandija" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Σερβικά" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanska_Nederl%25C3%25A4nderna" title="Spanska Nederländerna – Σουηδικά" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Spanska Nederländerna" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Σουηδικά" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B9%2580%25E0%25B8%2599%25E0%25B9%2580%25E0%25B8%2598%25E0%25B8%25AD%25E0%25B8%25A3%25E0%25B9%258C%25E0%25B9%2581%25E0%25B8%25A5%25E0%25B8%2599%25E0%25B8%2594%25E0%25B9%258C%25E0%25B8%2582%25E0%25B8%25AD%25E0%25B8%2587%25E0%25B8%25AA%25E0%25B9%2580%25E0%25B8%259B%25E0%25B8%2599" title="เนเธอร์แลนด์ของสเปน – Ταϊλανδικά" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เนเธอร์แลนด์ของสเปน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Ταϊλανδικά" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C4%25B0spanya_Hollandas%25C4%25B1" title="İspanya Hollandası – Τουρκικά" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="İspanya Hollandası" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Τουρκικά" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2586%25D1%2581%25D0%25BF%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BD%25D1%2581%25D1%258C%25D0%25BA%25D1%2596_%25D0%259D%25D1%2596%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B5%25D1%2580%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B8" title="Іспанські Нідерланди – Ουκρανικά" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Іспанські Нідерланди" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ουκρανικά" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%25C3%25AA-%25C4%2591%25C3%25A9c-lan_thu%25E1%25BB%2599c_T%25C3%25A2y_Ban_Nha" title="Nê-đéc-lan thuộc Tây Ban Nha – Βιετναμικά" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Nê-đéc-lan thuộc Tây Ban Nha" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Βιετναμικά" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spoansche_Nederlandn" title="Spoansche Nederlandn – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Spoansche Nederlandn" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bas_Payis_espagnols" title="Bas Payis espagnols – Βαλλωνικά" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Bas Payis espagnols" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Βαλλωνικά" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E8%25A5%25BF%25E5%25B1%25AC%25E5%25B0%25BC%25E5%25BE%25B7%25E8%2598%25AD" title="西屬尼德蘭 – Κινεζικά" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="西屬尼德蘭" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Κινεζικά" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> </section> </div> <div 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