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Beslissingsboom - Wikipedia
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Dit is echter niet verplicht." class=""><span>Account aanmaken</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:Aanmelden&returnto=Beslissingsboom" title="U wordt van harte uitgenodigd om aan te melden, maar dit is niet verplicht [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Aanmelden</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Meer opties" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Persoonlijke hulpmiddelen" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Persoonlijke hulpmiddelen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Gebruikersmenu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_nl.wikipedia.org&uselang=nl"><span>Doneren</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:GebruikerAanmaken&returnto=Beslissingsboom" title="Registreer u vooral en meld u aan. 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Beschikbaar in 31 talen" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-31" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">31 talen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="شجرة القرار – Arabisch" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="شجرة القرار" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%A2%D8%BA%D8%A7%D8%AC%DB%8C" title="قرار آغاجی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="قرار آغاجی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%8A%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Дърво на решенията – Bulgaars" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Дърво на решенията" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arbre_de_decisi%C3%B3" title="Arbre de decisió – Catalaans" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Arbre de decisió" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rozhodovac%C3%AD_strom" title="Rozhodovací strom – Tsjechisch" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Rozhodovací strom" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tsjechisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entscheidungsbaum" title="Entscheidungsbaum – Duits" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Entscheidungsbaum" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decision_tree" title="Decision tree – Engels" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Decision tree" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81rbol_de_decisi%C3%B3n" title="Árbol de decisión – Spaans" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Árbol de decisión" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otsustuspuu" title="Otsustuspuu – Estisch" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Otsustuspuu" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%AE%D8%AA_%D8%AA%D8%B5%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%85" title="درخت تصمیم – Perzisch" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="درخت تصمیم" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Perzisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arbre_de_d%C3%A9cision" title="Arbre de décision – Frans" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Arbre de décision" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Frans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A2%D7%A5_%D7%94%D7%97%D7%9C%D7%98%D7%94" title="עץ החלטה – Hebreeuws" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="עץ החלטה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebreeuws" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7" title="निर्णय वृक्ष – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="निर्णय वृक्ष" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%B6nt%C3%A9si_fa" title="Döntési fa – Hongaars" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Döntési fa" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hongaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pohon_keputusan" title="Pohon keputusan – Indonesisch" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Pohon keputusan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albero_di_decisione" title="Albero di decisione – Italiaans" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Albero di decisione" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B1%BA%E5%AE%9A%E6%9C%A8" title="決定木 – Japans" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="決定木" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B2%B0%EC%A0%95_%ED%8A%B8%EB%A6%AC" title="결정 트리 – Koreaans" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="결정 트리" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Koreaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beslutningstre" title="Beslutningstre – Noors - Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Beslutningstre" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Noors - Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drzewo_decyzyjne" title="Drzewo decyzyjne – Pools" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Drzewo decyzyjne" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81rvore_de_decis%C3%A3o" title="Árvore de decisão – Portugees" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Árvore de decisão" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Дерево решений – Russisch" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Дерево решений" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odlo%C4%8Ditveno_drevo" title="Odločitveno drevo – Sloveens" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Odločitveno drevo" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloveens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE_%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B0" title="Стабло одлучивања – Servisch" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Стабло одлучивања" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Servisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beslutstr%C3%A4d" title="Beslutsträd – Zweeds" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Beslutsträd" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Zweeds" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%88" title="ต้นไม้ตัดสินใจ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ต้นไม้ตัดสินใจ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karar_a%C4%9Fac%C4%B1" title="Karar ağacı – Turks" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Karar ağacı" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D1%83%D1%85%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F_%D1%80%D1%96%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8C" title="Дерево ухвалення рішень – Oekraïens" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Дерево ухвалення рішень" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Oekraïens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%A2y_quy%E1%BA%BFt_%C4%91%E1%BB%8Bnh" title="Cây quyết định – Vietnamees" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Cây quyết định" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%86%B3%E7%AD%96%E6%A0%91" title="决策树 – Chinees" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="决策树" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B1%BA%E7%AD%96%E6%A8%B9" title="決策樹 – Kantonees" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="決策樹" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kantonees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span 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id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="nl" dir="ltr"><figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Decision_tree_model.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Decision_tree_model.png/360px-Decision_tree_model.png" decoding="async" width="360" height="254" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Decision_tree_model.png/540px-Decision_tree_model.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/ff/Decision_tree_model.png 2x" data-file-width="573" data-file-height="404" /></a><figcaption>Beslissingsboom voor het wel of niet spelen, en het aantal keren uit 14 dat elk geval optrad.</figcaption></figure> <p>Een <b>beslissingsboom</b>, <b>beslisboom</b> of <b>alternatievenschema</b> is een <a href="/wiki/Boomstructuur" title="Boomstructuur">boomstructuur</a> voor de weergave van de alternatieven en keuzen in een besluitvormingsproces, en is een techniek uit de <a href="/wiki/Besliskunde" class="mw-redirect" title="Besliskunde">besliskunde</a>. Het is een bijzonder geval van een <a href="/wiki/Stroomdiagram" title="Stroomdiagram">stroomdiagram</a>, namelijk een zonder cykels, en met als enige actie steeds het kiezen van een tak. </p><p>Het is een gerichte graaf met een startpunt, met bij elke knoop een vertakking. In of bij de knoop staat een vraag, en bij de takken staan mogelijke antwoorden. Soms staat, aanvullend, in de knoop een omschrijving van het resultaat tot aan dit punt (de categorie gevallen of uitkomsten, die bij elke stap verkleind wordt tot een subcategorie, uiteindelijk leidend tot één bepaalde uitkomst).<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In dat geval zijn de vraag en mogelijke antwoorden direct ervóór soms niet nodig, omdat het genoemde geval die al impliceert.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>De term beslissingsboom is afgeleid van het Angelsaksische <i>decision tree</i> of <i>tree structure</i>. De beslissingsboom wordt in de regel als <a href="/wiki/Diagram" title="Diagram">schema</a> weergegeven. Verwant hieraan is de <a href="/wiki/Beslissingstabel" title="Beslissingstabel">beslissingstabel</a>, waarin de besluitvormingsproblematiek in tabelvorm wordt weergegeven. Ook verwant is het probleemschema, waarin niet de alternatieven of keuzes maar de stappen tot het oplossen van een probleem zijn uitgewerkt. </p><p>Binnen de <a href="/wiki/Kunstmatige_intelligentie" title="Kunstmatige intelligentie">kunstmatige intelligentie</a> zijn verschillende <a href="/wiki/Algoritme" title="Algoritme">algoritmes</a> ontwikkeld die beslissingsbomen afleiden uit een verzameling voorbeelden. De bekendste hiervan zijn de <a href="/wiki/ID3_(algoritme)" title="ID3 (algoritme)">ID3</a>- en <a href="/w/index.php?title=C4.5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="C4.5 (de pagina bestaat niet)">C4.5</a>-algoritmes. Zie verder <a href="/wiki/Machinaal_leren" title="Machinaal leren">machinaal leren</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Zie_ook">Zie ook</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beslissingsboom&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Zie ook" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beslissingsboom&action=edit&section=1" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Zie ook"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ply" title="Ply">Ply</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Binair_beslissingsdiagram" title="Binair beslissingsdiagram">Binair beslissingsdiagram</a></li></ul> <div class="toccolours appendix" role="presentation" style="font-size:90%; margin:1em 0 -0.5em; clear:both;"> <div><span style="font-weight:bold">Bronnen, noten en/of referenties</span></div> <ul><li>Hartman, W. & Roos, J.; <i>Technieken voor systeemonderzoek</i>, Kluwer Deventer 1984.</li></ul> </div> <div class="interProject commons mw-list-item" style="display:none;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Decision_diagrams#mw-subcategories" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Decision diagrams">Mediabestanden</a></div> <div class="interProjectTemplate interProject-groot toccolours" style="display:flex; gap:1em; align-items:center; clear:both; margin:1em 0 -0.5em 0;"> <div style="min-width:max-content;"><span class="noviewer noresize" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/25px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/38px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/50px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div>Zie de categorie <i><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Decision_diagrams#mw-subcategories" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Decision diagrams">Decision diagrams</a></b></i> van <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Wikimedia Commons</a> voor mediabestanden over dit onderwerp.</div> </div> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Zie twee voorbeelden in <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://facet-accountants.nl/coronavirus">https://facet-accountants.nl/coronavirus</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200616132410/https://www.huurcommissie.nl/fileadmin/afbeeldingen/Downloads/Afbeeldingen/Beslisboom_zelfstandige_woonruimte.pdf">Gearchiveerde kopie</a>. Gearchiveerd op <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2020-06-16">16 juni 2020</span>. 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