CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="390"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'managed',cRay: '91c6a4355c77a990',cH: 'iLf9HVKeZYB6ivgKXVntTjWeB8Xl0KPyXT4dRgKO5x8-1741314317-1.2.1.1-vM3D6iWBresxwfAPUAn1zCRPWdGwEomhcNsIPBWN5cykanl6sQ8JkE4_UK0BZRtZ',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/search?q=flexure-based%20spring%20mechanisms&__cf_chl_tk=72gYOuoe9vaoQ7FuzQYou9oUzkPVkNe_UmCvHP6i8_I-1741314317-1.0.1.1-1RtlX67JGjReyLNGK7Goo7vwSUQOFISW8AI97Qgw_Nc",cFPWv: 'g',cITimeS: '1741314317',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '390000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/search?q=flexure-based%20spring%20mechanisms&__cf_chl_f_tk=72gYOuoe9vaoQ7FuzQYou9oUzkPVkNe_UmCvHP6i8_I-1741314317-1.0.1.1-1RtlX67JGjReyLNGK7Goo7vwSUQOFISW8AI97Qgw_Nc",md: "aGgikbJNdxPfxs0Re1KyX8N5sY6Kiqcbi4.uv9orto8-1741314317-1.2.1.1-mJzC.h86yF7deaX.H7sF4owFj_VGYJJQ9s8dfD7jNgHt84DUUscSgOwAh4EDmbkImtUR5m0_Z35i8WiMtw1lIxyeNPP0fn65txpBjuJwuhn9UggdIry34nOrKQ96jXVmDQ9cm0685vLfbCP3xWol7SgztfJnui38fA7.AD_c8NdhB.zxhiwyDFDOLeZe8KzzUprLpardF9pFgVyWB3Wt8bsR1Y0g7stBpi0mtTleP8DpDsjSyii_jQ.bIn1H28yITtQ4G6dqB3rTZ9jYGg0eUby4emKJjWTXb6vaGTeah6Os1YJAfiye5Zw17HYBb8S7FQmP_wbJkg5mgm10LAkvwklvGAQypSOAc1JEmM4s6NDsIJz7WyiKm7DNaLKFLKcIVz.BoxiO3dHcQkgwHHx1FME195WTQHe3dflKzafd.EL6zjm_0QgWDbxIvOTThogrIb6LDA1yTedmzNMwuZ5X8sUrysIeaZ6hjoDIPOfptiXHfs4AdV8ZqHPD5.VcPxqRhzh8qpvJngxBFk0qDaut4j6PgxfxZXtwUEOqgIOF.2Qn73EdrLFilSjtNzP_yTsTOyvaopI42mzf7G3PYI_EAj3CLqw_cTzks7rQlCl98QO09WRm8FqM1UYNxold42yaj01TtZFOaak8d3Jwc.iph6Om9aa4.h6j7frNLD_wVJ2SVaODowTbf1tZ7kVvF37Uzw49bjS09RKGoWePBTU8FHDsIIdq.GHhOVHAVQ.F.b.8mHyKU22kbw5JbqFbSx.xS1814s0sSQCyqsTDbn57QA6SfPc4u_qldglZ71tMI2UOvKbAE8P98y7N1KYaAkp05bsULsgBELnG07iYR89fVvETLj7zcObnE2NDdwMsVfrxldIC66aUoXKKL2yJffYuFuJSpbVBGTiVHIvIIpUsXOmc6v.neY15WzdJcUuDJ3fiq6KhkVrkimNjA2OcQZQ2trr24Ps5WWdrzkXfx41M4SfpFtx9jVaYJ7hIuUDABpIMhr56cFUl1k1.8vAN_SHyD9HJvcR.sZvRt5lL5y.NtbcyQbHDo2w3NPaDVZ.iK1nxYJlYdB3diMl2Lz_MsKor29.NbIiLFyEazE2OzG_cFby5LChxKE.ob7YnDBmFKt7W7HvsxPF5vNAPFxnVFTOxcMFlQ45Luf_AEHlYfhJejPJz_vgNyeEL.fnpW_jgvTp5i7DS8yh.F4LGj.h9tRk6VTxvkCYkWpIfcITa0Lfnxdq2WHUS.sW5Zb19sO3MCakCzZSGsQRRBPzJ9Pmog1_ywfy46EIEw0L_TqFWwajbhfNqOSyUdd9vHmmG8Z6Lg2.wOk5i_jR3.eunw7KCTrqT",mdrd: "s3cGIXiSiSbfaiAhF5fYLyWE356DZl_zQkSHzC0c7ic-1741314317-1.2.1.1-jar789UI0XgDzGF29h1_XHCqUOUfAHWruYJ9kruKbnpm8CRO5DX1wWE4ISRRBO.Z4hOt3Pk._5xp.pQZBZiqlpdlDlOQ7KQ8vvaI2dS59.jxs9rtMJtma3UxXW9yB0IgjVg66ZoiHeJbUG1oMbDEzbCT6AINSYBLDFDyK9eUjnR1R21bOdpQvtjk289kjaWfgoWqeiWqyWrQ.v6Znv6O_C5HvXNZSw1hBvviGnEEvCTFoKMPWjhnvLDJNUI3xFDBoNqNdAV_0tLfccUysERluLZdMnRauwfnlsRtdbqgloYH3oYnSBE.ch.XD6MeMxOfX1IXbP4O7rMdihnNhmv6rCs19cnmevcsSFkEAXCDWjxHwf8O2.uzRyFnkLhGVh.Tinur9NSN8a2tV8PP.Wz.a_Yl5yi5_T4xS6E3witzWJNCbsW4nsV49IHq_n63rojvlMn8ijJcKwEMYsHREflOWE19CjxY_g6Uwj6vrvb1iNYydxTcxHLS1foJ5OgPT8.UJWiyKMVXlapdHJ1nQeWtLoez.r0but9.becS.NRwRlbPNub_WijTkTa1E6A2h1HrJBEUh4grrDAzd.r5dvYuEQkFBy_60zK5dngANXDhUGLKWf4rQyqYG7bsNLuIoHMmyQMJuah_Rr1KMHSml4_p_AN7AxVjf6aW1LLFrDS20D3_qi8fS0xjUIyeBrNgk5LlnAhMZsi.5wOwf4hg0DYXQNQN61DLQwNicUE4h5DE1olC.LJR8_U0dUobeDZwThEtdy8YWQHUVseqnSJ0DGCdYRF7P2mA2WGFqpIWfjvF_BBwC10K0kcJcE1EiJcLsAXPIFa2.c6hPaNrjip7gfjKgOJVHBVMaTDv8VQTq32FXHAn9tWgvMBYwwWbUGOTX4sTpnDiw.C4DCCOgxoO2BTgNg1hmdi6f6vTqEREtblW6N8RDdDLXI0__W8xrX9qw.H2i6sjAQ4A1qoPWwjtUXBBfvwUp4VUf0QjDX7yJ6p5RdoDP0fK5ilqGEhYlU64yq3_YowHyoKG9j2cPBSIVcVMVk878EljyKNa4b7Y_6.MkL2DgGQmBabpDCx7I0nmqhd6WqBaRXAZYNU9WGaxIXWww3gclImCezFdArBgSC4K92XAC7NC963fATiuzNvfanp19ngShPCVian8ddE69S26Eum9mYb4AJ3tqNUPiRlPkI47aDwA9_Ngc0Yw3KUMNZPEW.k8z8iGmusqD9AaskSHVsi2f_d2GS15P3khnl8XVjjykEFxFlPRQuTGjYMySlYihgwD0T4a58pApmwrMSECmFDm6wn76qKzLyx5Az7WfDHvBHJ73ehsO5K21rOy2kj291G5J.GfdF04TQ0xiHBzYWB26nydKADkW8i.Om4lkDT1CCR7hm7LjcruLf6hzbnhshTp6ueQJ1dnydZ43hIHmsWTNh3oWDtx.2_XNJzWTDE3p0LW2XQmyveiJVM6Y_SWNhxrwIHXB51mKVox3EoceIwKXgl3dHcLvHXwfedNkf_uOP0odOPdMCsYz1lvL7UFzY1hdPWEgDjf01YygDiFRKv6_DN5rWl3YZMmlZJwSmTwTESt5t31WJuCbBdcWg8e5Fqxq84nXR4FKGbjGGUj9yiNC95CxrxTFoBGBU7wDaAiDDcxrtR.FbFr6BEpgagO12A4wBMtqTcqmlJWAKeYdIxTeH864AtoL6lU8fYjGxRHHFLuDkoF93VbsdC_GDfVH_8BPsrw0TnWNk7eMInEfhpZUcOhD96N231o.QhkyagUKH4FdbtzbjOkme78JqQAW4oSPnLVV14X7b_FtOdFl.SPLL28rPBuhhipS3AjCr.jySIwtB92ybb8xeeIpKtbBczRPRzYAJhLXGdHJ6KkSwxo0L751Df5Uu4BijX1EKfYQ0JVj2LDVCAR0_Gk0Qvzk2CBQ.WjA18nfsblz1Zxutn0_CApxKYJiaXJRVFpZzGLMN6_X6fOzNiFsyVtRYewCz9u3D5AC2HdeaTt0Maslg"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/g/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=91c6a4355c77a990';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/search?q=flexure-based%20spring%20mechanisms&__cf_chl_rt_tk=72gYOuoe9vaoQ7FuzQYou9oUzkPVkNe_UmCvHP6i8_I-1741314317-1.0.1.1-1RtlX67JGjReyLNGK7Goo7vwSUQOFISW8AI97Qgw_Nc" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>