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vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="更多选项" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="个人工具" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">个人工具</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="用户菜单" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=spontaneous&uselang=zh-hans"><span>资助维基百科</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录，但这不是强制性的"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>创建账号</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>登录</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-亞洲" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#亞洲"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>亞洲</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-亞洲-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关亞洲子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-亞洲-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-中华人民共和国" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#中华人民共和国"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>中华人民共和国</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-中华人民共和国-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-菲律賓" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#菲律賓"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>菲律賓</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-菲律賓-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-缅甸" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#缅甸"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>缅甸</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-缅甸-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-伊拉克" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#伊拉克"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>伊拉克</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-伊拉克-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-歐洲" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#歐洲"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>歐洲</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-歐洲-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关歐洲子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-歐洲-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-葡萄牙" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#葡萄牙"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>葡萄牙</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-葡萄牙-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-西班牙" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#西班牙"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>西班牙</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-西班牙-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-意大利" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#意大利"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>意大利</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-意大利-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-芬兰" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#芬兰"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>芬兰</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-芬兰-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-俄罗斯" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#俄罗斯"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>俄罗斯</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-俄罗斯-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-非洲" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#非洲"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>非洲</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-非洲-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关非洲子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-非洲-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-圣多美和普林西比" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#圣多美和普林西比"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>圣多美和普林西比</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-圣多美和普林西比-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-參見" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參見"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>參見</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-參見-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参考资料" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参考资料"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>参考资料</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参考资料-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">自治区</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。35种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-35" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">35种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outonome_gebied" title="Outonome gebied – 南非荷兰语" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Outonome gebied" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="南非荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rechi%C3%B3n_autonoma" title="Rechión autonoma – 阿拉贡语" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Rechión autonoma" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="阿拉贡语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selfr%C4%ABcsiendlica_landb%C5%ABnessa" title="Selfrīcsiendlica landbūnessa – 古英语" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Selfrīcsiendlica landbūnessa" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="古英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rex%C3%B3n_aut%C3%B3noma" title="Rexón autónoma – 阿斯图里亚斯语" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Rexón autónoma" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="阿斯图里亚斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autonomn%C3%AD_%C3%BAzem%C3%AD" title="Autonomní území – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Autonomní území" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autonom_region" title="Autonom region – 丹麦语" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Autonom region" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麦语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autonomie_(Politikwissenschaft)" title="Autonomie (Politikwissenschaft) – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Autonomie (Politikwissenschaft)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autonomous_region" title="Autonomous region – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Autonomous region" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regi%C3%B3n_aut%C3%B3noma" title="Región autónoma – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Región autónoma" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B7%D9%82%D9%87_%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%AE%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="منطقه خودمختار – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="منطقه خودمختار" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Itsehallintoalue" title="Itsehallintoalue – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Itsehallintoalue" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A9gion_autonome" title="Région autonome – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Région autonome" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autonoom_gebiet" title="Autonoom gebiet – 西弗里西亚语" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Autonoom gebiet" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="西弗里西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chh%E1%B9%B3-chh%E1%B9%B3-kh%C3%AE" title="Chhṳ-chhṳ-khî – 客家语" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Chhṳ-chhṳ-khî" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="客家语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daerah_otonom" title="Daerah otonom – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Daerah otonom" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%95%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%92%E1%83%98%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="ავტონომიური რეგიონი – 格鲁吉亚语" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ავტონომიური რეგიონი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="格鲁吉亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9E%90%EC%B9%98%ED%96%89%EC%A0%95%EA%B5%AC%EC%97%AD" title="자치행정구역 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="자치행정구역" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autonoom_gebied" title="Autonoom gebied – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Autonoom gebied" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sj%C3%B8lvstyrt_omr%C3%A5de" title="Sjølvstyrt område – 挪威尼诺斯克语" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Sjølvstyrt område" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="挪威尼诺斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selvstyrt_omr%C3%A5de" title="Selvstyrt område – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Selvstyrt område" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terytorium_autonomiczne" title="Terytorium autonomiczne – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Terytorium autonomiczne" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regi%C3%A3o_aut%C3%B4noma" title="Região autônoma – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Região autônoma" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regiune_autonom%C4%83" title="Regiune autonomă – 罗马尼亚语" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Regiune autonomă" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%AF_%D9%85%D8%AE%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%B8%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A_%D9%88%D8%B1%DA%BE%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA" title="خود مختيار انتظامي ورھاست – 信德语" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="خود مختيار انتظامي ورھاست" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="信德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auton%C3%B3mna_oblas%C5%A5" title="Autonómna oblasť – 斯洛伐克语" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Autonómna oblasť" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="斯洛伐克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autonom_region" title="Autonom region – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Autonom region" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B7%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87" title="เขตพื้นที่ที่ปกครองตนเอง – 泰语" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เขตพื้นที่ที่ปกครองตนเอง" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%B5_%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Автономияле территория – 鞑靼语" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Автономияле территория" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="鞑靼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%D8%A7%D9%BE%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86%D9%88%D9%85_%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86" title="ئاپتونوم رايون – 维吾尔语" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="ئاپتونوم رايون" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="维吾尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D1%96%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Автономний регіон – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Автономний регіон" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%AF_%D9%85%D8%AE%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%B9%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%82%DB%81" title="خود مختار علاقہ – 乌尔都语" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="خود مختار علاقہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="乌尔都语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franke_contr%C3%AAye" title="Franke contrêye – 瓦隆语" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Franke contrêye" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="瓦隆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" title="自治区 – 吴语" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="自治区" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="吴语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swcigih" title="Swcigih – 壮语" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Swcigih" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="壮语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8D%80" title="自治區 – 粤语" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="自治區" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="粤语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div 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vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">工具</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="更多选项" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 操作 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA"><span>阅读</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&action=edit" title="编辑该页面[e]" accesskey="e"><span>编辑</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&action=history"><span>查看历史</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 常规 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%93%BE%E5%85%A5%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" title="列出所有与本页相链的页面[j]" accesskey="j"><span>链入页面</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a 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id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">（重定向自<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8D%80&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="自治區">自治區</a>）</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="zh" dir="ltr"><div id="noteTA-6f9ae8a" class="noteTA"><div class="noteTA-group"><div data-noteta-group-source="module" data-noteta-group="地名"></div></div></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84833064">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-size:small}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:2em;margin-bottom:0.8em;margin-top:0.8em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img::after{content:"\202f \202f \202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small::after{content:"\202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small{display:none}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%B6%88%E6%AD%A7%E4%B9%89" title="Wikipedia:消歧义"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/25px-Disambig_gray.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/38px-Disambig_gray.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/50px-Disambig_gray.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="220" data-file-height="168" /></a></span><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r74069148">body:not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .ifmobile>.mobile{display:none}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .ifmobile>.nomobile{display:inherit;display:initial}</style><span class="ifmobile"><span class="nomobile">  </span><span class="mobile"></span></span>此条目页的主題是一種屬於<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%9C%B0%E6%96%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="自治地方">自治地方</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8D%80%E5%8A%83" class="mw-redirect" title="行政區劃">行政區劃</a>類型。关于<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8D%80%E5%8A%83" class="mw-redirect" title="韓國行政區劃">韓國行政區劃</a>中的「自治區」，請見「<b><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%80_(%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B)" title="區 (韓國)">區 (韓國)</a></b>」。</div> <p><b>自治區</b>（英語：<span lang="en">autonomous region</span>）是<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="行政区划">行政区划</a>的類型之一，為<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%9C%B0%E6%96%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="自治地方">自治地方</a>的一種，字面上的意思為「擁有<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB" title="自治">自治</a>權力的行政區」。特點是<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E4%B8%BB%E6%AC%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="自主權">自主權</a>較所屬<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="國家">國家</a>其他同級行政區劃為高。成立背景依國情有所不同，通常設置在國內<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%91%E6%95%B8%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="少數民族">少數民族</a>的主要居住地與<a href="/wiki/%E5%82%B3%E7%B5%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="傳統">傳統</a>領域，或者<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%A2%E5%B3%B6" class="mw-disambig" title="離島">離島</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%82%8A%E5%A2%83" title="邊境">邊境</a>等與<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%AC%E5%9C%9F" title="本土">本土</a>地帶有所分離的地方，並常做為<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%80%E7%B4%9A%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8D%80" class="mw-redirect" title="一級行政區">一級行政區</a>存在。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="亞洲"><span id=".E4.BA.9E.E6.B4.B2"></span>亞洲</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：亞洲"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="中华人民共和国"><span id=".E4.B8.AD.E5.8D.8E.E4.BA.BA.E6.B0.91.E5.85.B1.E5.92.8C.E5.9B.BD"></span>中华人民共和国</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：中华人民共和国"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="中华人民共和国行政区划">中华人民共和国行政区划</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%9C%B0%E6%96%B9" title="民族自治地方">民族自治地方</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E5%8C%BA%E5%9F%9F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%88%B6%E5%BA%A6" title="民族区域自治制度">民族区域自治制度</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%9C%B0%E6%96%B9%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8#自治區" title="中华人民共和国民族自治地方列表">中华人民共和国民族自治地方列表 § 自治區</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83732082">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox td div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox td div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox td div.NavHead:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox td div.NavHead:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above">自治区</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:China_provinces_numbered_with_regional_colors2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/China_provinces_numbered_with_regional_colors2.svg/255px-China_provinces_numbered_with_regional_colors2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="255" height="208" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/China_provinces_numbered_with_regional_colors2.svg/383px-China_provinces_numbered_with_regional_colors2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/China_provinces_numbered_with_regional_colors2.svg/510px-China_provinces_numbered_with_regional_colors2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="857" data-file-height="699" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><br /> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84565780">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid var(--border-color-notice,black);color:inherit}.mw-parser-output .legend-color-styled{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid var(--border-color-notice,black);color:inherit}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#FFFFCC; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%9C%B0%E6%96%B9" title="民族自治地方">自治區</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;;">分類</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E7%9C%81%E7%BA%A7%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA" title="省级行政区">省级行政区</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;;"><span class="nowrap">位置</span></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="中华人民共和国">中华人民共和国</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;;">創建法源</th><td class="infobox-data" style="">《<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%AA%E6%B3%95" title="中华人民共和国宪法">中华人民共和国宪法</a>》</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;;"><span class="nowrap">创建时间</span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">1949年</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;;">數量</th><td class="infobox-data" style="">5个<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>（2019）</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;;">本级政府</th><td class="infobox-data" style="">自治区<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C" title="人民政府">人民政府</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;;">下級</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%BA%A7%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA" title="地级行政区">地级行政区</a><small>（部分自治区设直辖<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%BF%E7%BA%A7%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA" title="县级行政区">县级行政区</a>）</small></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>1940年代以前，<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E5%85%B1%E7%94%A2%E9%BB%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="中國共產黨">中國共產黨</a>貫徹<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%97%E5%AF%A7" class="mw-redirect" title="列寧">列寧</a>思想并接受<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B1%E7%94%A2%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="共產國際">共產國際</a>領導，以<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B1%BA" title="民族自決">民族自決</a>為處理國內民族問題的方案。<a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%9B%E6%BE%A4%E6%9D%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="毛澤東">毛澤東</a>《論新階段》代表中共的民族政策從聯邦制、民族自決轉向民族區域自治。<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E5%85%9A%E7%AC%AC%E5%85%AD%E6%AC%A1%E5%85%A8%E5%9B%BD%E4%BB%A3%E8%A1%A8%E5%A4%A7%E4%BC%9A" title="中国共产党第六次全国代表大会">中共中央六届六中全會</a>提出了“<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%8B%E6%80%9D%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%8C%96" title="马克思主义中国化">馬克思主義中國化</a>”，淡化<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B1%BA" title="民族自決">民族自決</a>觀念，提倡<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E5%8C%BA%E5%9F%9F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="民族区域自治">民族區域自治</a>。毛澤東諮詢黨內主管民族工作的<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E7%B6%AD%E6%BC%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="李維漢">李維漢</a>后，確定了建立多民族国家内实行民族区域自治的制度<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>《<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E5%8D%8F%E5%95%86%E4%BC%9A%E8%AE%AE%E5%85%B1%E5%90%8C%E7%BA%B2%E9%A2%86" title="中国人民政治协商会议共同纲领">共同綱領</a>》规定“各少数民族聚居的地区，应实行民族的区域自治”。李維漢起草了《民族区域自治实施纲要》，纲要内容载入了1954年的<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%AA%E6%B3%95_(1954%E5%B9%B4)" title="中华人民共和国宪法 (1954年)">中华人民共和国宪法</a>，確認民族區域自治在國家政治制度體系中的重要地位。民族区域自治从此成为基本政策和基本政治制度。<a href="/wiki/%E7%83%8F%E8%98%AD%E5%A4%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="烏蘭夫">烏蘭夫</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%B2%9B%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E6%97%BA%E6%99%89%E7%BE%8E" class="mw-redirect" title="阿沛·阿旺晉美">阿沛·阿旺晉美</a>領導并完成了制定《民族區域自治法》。<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>1980年代，<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%AA%E6%B3%95_(1982%E5%B9%B4)" title="中华人民共和国宪法 (1982年)">第四部憲法</a>和《民族區域自治法》的先后頒行，使民族區域自治制度建設進一步得以加強，民族地區從經濟、政治、文化的自治權得到實現。<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>此外，还有行政法规《城市民族工作条例》和《民族乡行政工作条例》。《扶持人口较少民族发展规划》、《少数民族事业“十一五”规划》和《兴边富民“十一五”规划》，从项目、资金、政策等多方面加大了对少数民族和民族地区的支持力度。民族自治地方共制定了自治条例139件，单行条例777件，根据本地实际对法律和行政法规的规定作出变通和补充规定75件，13个辖有民族自治地方的省都先后制定了实施《民族区域自治法》的若干规定或意见，贯彻实施民族区域自治法的地方性法规，民族自治地方制定了137个自治条例、510个单行条例、75个变通和补充规定。2011年国家民委政策法规司出台《民族法制体系建设“十二五”规划（2011—2015年）》进一步强化民族区域自治和少数民族权利保护。<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>中华人民共和国成立时的1949年，全国分为30省、1自治区、12直辖市、5行署区、1地方、1地区。直至1967年区划多次调整，到1967年调整为22省、5自治区、3直辖市共计30省级行政区，直至1988年新增<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E7%9C%81" title="海南省">海南省</a>，1997年新增<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8D%E5%BA%86%E5%B8%82" title="重庆市">重庆</a>直辖市，1997年和1999年<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF%E5%9B%9E%E6%AD%B8" title="香港回歸">香港</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%BE%B3%E9%97%A8%E5%9B%9E%E5%BD%92" class="mw-redirect" title="澳门回归">澳门回归</a>中国，相继新设2个<a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E5%88%AB%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA" title="特别行政区">特别行政区</a>，至此共计23省、5自治区、4直辖市和2特别行政区共计34<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%80%E7%BA%A7%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA" title="中国一级行政区">省级行政区</a>。 </p><p>当前，中华人民共和国设以下（省级）自治区： </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E7%96%86%E7%BB%B4%E5%90%BE%E5%B0%94%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" title="新疆维吾尔自治区">新疆维吾尔自治区</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%BF%E8%A5%BF%E5%A3%AE%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" title="广西壮族自治区">广西壮族自治区</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" title="宁夏回族自治区">宁夏回族自治区</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%85%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" title="内蒙古自治区">内蒙古自治区</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E8%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" title="西藏自治区">西藏自治区</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="菲律賓"><span id=".E8.8F.B2.E5.BE.8B.E8.B3.93"></span>菲律賓</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：菲律賓"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>當前菲律賓僅設置<a href="/wiki/%E6%A3%89%E5%85%B0%E8%80%81%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E6%9E%97%E9%82%A6%E8%90%A8%E6%91%A9%E6%B4%9B%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="棉兰老穆斯林邦萨摩洛自治区">棉兰老穆斯林邦萨摩洛自治区</a>，為菲律賓唯一能經選舉產生的<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E5%8D%80_(%E8%8F%B2%E5%BE%8B%E8%B3%93)" title="大區 (菲律賓)">大區</a>議會及首長。<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E8%BF%AA%E5%8B%92%E6%8B%89%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8D%80" title="科迪勒拉行政區">科迪勒拉行政區</a>原有意成為科迪勒拉自治區，但兩次針對是否成立自治區的公民投票均失敗。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="缅甸"><span id=".E7.BC.85.E7.94.B8"></span>缅甸</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：缅甸"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA_(%E7%BC%85%E7%94%B8)" title="自治区 (缅甸)">自治区 (缅甸)</a></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:SAZs_%26_SAD_of_Burma.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/SAZs_%26_SAD_of_Burma.png/150px-SAZs_%26_SAD_of_Burma.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="314" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/SAZs_%26_SAD_of_Burma.png/225px-SAZs_%26_SAD_of_Burma.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5e/SAZs_%26_SAD_of_Burma.png 2x" data-file-width="283" data-file-height="592" /></a><figcaption>缅甸境内自治区的分布</figcaption></figure> <p>依照2008年宪法，缅甸境内设有六个<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA_(%E7%BC%85%E7%94%B8)" title="自治区 (缅甸)">自治区</a>。自治区为副邦级行政单位，分为Self-administered zones和Self-administered divisions两种，SAZ有德努、巴欧、那加、果敢、德昂五个，SAD仅有<a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%A4%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="佤自治区">佤自治区</a>一个。SAZ有时译做自治县、自治管区、自治提舍，SAD有时则译作自治州、自治省。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="伊拉克"><span id=".E4.BC.8A.E6.8B.89.E5.85.8B"></span>伊拉克</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：伊拉克"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>伊拉克<a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%AB%E7%88%BE%E5%BE%B7%E4%BA%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="庫爾德人">庫爾德人</a>聚居區域設有<span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Flag_of_Kurdistan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Kurdistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Flag_of_Kurdistan.svg/33px-Flag_of_Kurdistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Flag_of_Kurdistan.svg/44px-Flag_of_Kurdistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%8B%89%E5%85%8B%E5%BA%93%E5%B0%94%E5%BE%B7%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6" title="伊拉克库尔德斯坦">伊拉克库尔德斯坦</a>自治區。其東鄰<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%9C%97" title="伊朗">伊朗</a>，西鄰<a href="/wiki/%E6%95%98%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="敘利亞">敘利亞</a>，北接<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E8%80%B3%E5%85%B6" title="土耳其">土耳其</a>，南接伊拉克其他地區，位於整個<a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%AB%E7%88%BE%E5%BE%B7%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6" title="庫爾德斯坦">庫爾德斯坦</a>地區的南部；下轄<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%B0%94%E8%B4%9D%E6%8B%89" title="阿尔贝拉">艾比爾</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E8%90%8A%E6%9B%BC%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E" title="蘇萊曼尼亞">蘇萊曼尼亞</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%9C%E8%83%A1%E5%85%8B%E7%9C%81" title="杜胡克省">代胡克省</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E6%8B%89%E5%8D%9C%E8%B4%BE%E7%9C%81" title="哈拉卜贾省">哈拉卜賈</a>四省，首府設在最大城市艾比爾。除國防外交事務外，其餘內政均由由自治區政府管轄。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="歐洲"><span id=".E6.AD.90.E6.B4.B2"></span>歐洲</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：歐洲"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="葡萄牙"><span id=".E8.91.A1.E8.90.84.E7.89.99"></span>葡萄牙</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：葡萄牙"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E8%91%A1%E8%90%84%E7%89%99" title="葡萄牙">葡萄牙</a>法定的自治區有兩個，設置理由都是因為與本土距離遙遠聯絡管理不易。自治區內有自己的立法與行政體系，且因為設立的理由非關族群因素，人民對於本國的認同度比其他國家的自治區為高。 </p> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E9%80%9F%E5%B0%94%E7%BE%A4%E5%B2%9B" title="亚速尔群岛"><img alt="亚速尔群岛" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Flag_of_the_Azores.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Azores.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Flag_of_the_Azores.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Azores.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Flag_of_the_Azores.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Azores.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="844" data-file-height="562" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E9%80%9F%E5%B0%94%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="亚速尔自治区">亚速尔自治区</a>（<span lang="pt">Azores Islands</span>）：葡萄牙所屬，位於大西洋<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E9%80%9F%E5%B0%94%E7%BE%A4%E5%B2%9B" title="亚速尔群岛">亚速尔群岛</a>，離該國海岸1500公里遠。</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E5%BE%B7%E6%8B%89%E7%BE%A4%E5%B2%9B" title="马德拉群岛"><img alt="马德拉群岛" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_Madeira.svg/22px-Flag_of_Madeira.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_Madeira.svg/33px-Flag_of_Madeira.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_Madeira.svg/44px-Flag_of_Madeira.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E5%BE%B7%E6%8B%89%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="马德拉自治区">马德拉自治区</a>（<span lang="pt">Madeira</span>）：葡萄牙所屬，位於<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E9%9D%9E" title="北非">北非</a>國家<a href="/wiki/%E6%91%A9%E6%B4%9B%E5%93%A5" title="摩洛哥">摩洛哥</a>外海、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E8%A5%BF%E6%B4%8B" title="大西洋">大西洋</a>上的自治島嶼群。</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="西班牙"><span id=".E8.A5.BF.E7.8F.AD.E7.89.99"></span>西班牙</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&action=edit&section=8" title="编辑章节：西班牙"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E7%8F%AD%E7%89%99%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8D%80%E5%8A%83" title="西班牙行政區劃">西班牙行政區劃</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E7%8F%AD%E7%89%99" title="西班牙">西班牙</a>以自治區（<span lang="es">Comunidad autónoma</span>）做為<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E7%8F%AD%E7%89%99%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8D%80%E5%8A%83" title="西班牙行政區劃">第一級行政區劃</a>，實施高度的<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8D%80%E5%8A%83" title="自治行政區劃">地方自治</a>，因此其性質近似<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%AF%E9%82%A6%E5%88%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="聯邦制">聯邦制</a>國家的<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%9E" title="州">州</a>。西班牙全國共設有17個自治區，以及2個位於<a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E6%B4%B2" title="非洲">非洲</a>北岸、與自治區同級的<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%B8%82" title="自治市">自治市</a>（<span lang="es">Ciudades Autónoma</span>）：<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%91%E9%81%94" class="mw-redirect" title="休達">休達</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E6%A2%85%E5%88%A9%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A" title="梅利利亚">梅利利亚</a>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="意大利"><span id=".E6.84.8F.E5.A4.A7.E5.88.A9"></span>意大利</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&action=edit&section=9" title="编辑章节：意大利"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E6%84%8F%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="意大利行政区划">意大利行政区划</a></div> <p>目前，意大设置设以下<a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A%E5%9C%B0%E4%BD%8D%E5%A4%A7%E5%8C%BA" title="特殊地位大区">特殊地位大区</a>： </p> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%97%E7%95%99%E5%88%A9-%E5%A8%81%E5%B0%BC%E6%96%AF%E6%9C%B1%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A%E5%A4%A7%E5%8C%BA" title="弗留利-威尼斯朱利亚大区"><img alt="弗留利-威尼斯朱利亚大区" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Flag_of_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Flag_of_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Flag_of_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%97%E7%95%99%E5%88%A9-%E5%A8%81%E5%B0%BC%E6%96%AF%E6%9C%B1%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A%E5%A4%A7%E5%8C%BA" title="弗留利-威尼斯朱利亚大区">弗留利-威尼斯朱利亚</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E6%92%92%E4%B8%81" title="撒丁"><img alt="撒丁" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Flag_of_Sardinia%2C_Italy.svg/22px-Flag_of_Sardinia%2C_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Flag_of_Sardinia%2C_Italy.svg/33px-Flag_of_Sardinia%2C_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Flag_of_Sardinia%2C_Italy.svg/44px-Flag_of_Sardinia%2C_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="895" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%92%92%E4%B8%81%E5%B2%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="撒丁岛">萨丁尼亚</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E8%A5%BF%E9%87%8C" title="西西里"><img alt="西西里" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Sicily_%28revised%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Sicily_%28revised%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Sicily_%28revised%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Sicily_%28revised%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Sicily_%28revised%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_Sicily_%28revised%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="530" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E8%A5%BF%E9%87%8C%E5%B2%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="西西里岛">西西里</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E4%BC%A6%E8%92%82%E8%AF%BA-%E4%B8%8A%E9%98%BF%E8%BF%AA%E6%9D%B0%E5%A4%A7%E5%8C%BA" title="特伦蒂诺-上阿迪杰大区"><img alt="特伦蒂诺-上阿迪杰大区" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Flag_of_Trentino-South_Tyrol.svg/22px-Flag_of_Trentino-South_Tyrol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Flag_of_Trentino-South_Tyrol.svg/33px-Flag_of_Trentino-South_Tyrol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Flag_of_Trentino-South_Tyrol.svg/44px-Flag_of_Trentino-South_Tyrol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E4%BC%A6%E8%92%82%E8%AF%BA-%E4%B8%8A%E9%98%BF%E8%BF%AA%E6%9D%B0%E5%A4%A7%E5%8C%BA" title="特伦蒂诺-上阿迪杰大区">特伦蒂诺-上阿迪杰</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E7%93%A6%E8%8E%B1%E8%BE%BE%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E5%A1%94%E5%A4%A7%E5%8C%BA" title="瓦莱达奥斯塔大区"><img alt="瓦莱达奥斯塔大区" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Flag_of_Valle_d%27Aosta.svg/22px-Flag_of_Valle_d%27Aosta.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Flag_of_Valle_d%27Aosta.svg/33px-Flag_of_Valle_d%27Aosta.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Flag_of_Valle_d%27Aosta.svg/44px-Flag_of_Valle_d%27Aosta.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%E7%93%A6%E8%8E%B1%E8%BE%BE%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E5%A1%94%E5%A4%A7%E5%8C%BA" title="瓦莱达奥斯塔大区">瓦莱达奥斯塔</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="芬兰"><span id=".E8.8A.AC.E5.85.B0"></span>芬兰</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&action=edit&section=10" title="编辑章节：芬兰"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>芬兰有一个自治区，是自1920年起在国际联盟的决议下为瑞典语人口而成立的： </p> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Flag_of_%C3%85land.svg/23px-Flag_of_%C3%85land.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Flag_of_%C3%85land.svg/35px-Flag_of_%C3%85land.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Flag_of_%C3%85land.svg/46px-Flag_of_%C3%85land.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="520" data-file-height="340" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E5%85%B0" title="奥兰">奥兰</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="俄罗斯"><span id=".E4.BF.84.E7.BD.97.E6.96.AF"></span>俄罗斯</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&action=edit&section=11" title="编辑章节：俄罗斯"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Autonomous_districts_of_Russia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Autonomous_districts_of_Russia.svg/300px-Autonomous_districts_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Autonomous_districts_of_Russia.svg/450px-Autonomous_districts_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Autonomous_districts_of_Russia.svg/600px-Autonomous_districts_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1092" data-file-height="630" /></a><figcaption>俄羅斯自治區一覽圖，截至2014年：<br /> 1. <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Flag_of_Nenets_Autonomous_District.svg/22px-Flag_of_Nenets_Autonomous_District.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Flag_of_Nenets_Autonomous_District.svg/33px-Flag_of_Nenets_Autonomous_District.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Flag_of_Nenets_Autonomous_District.svg/44px-Flag_of_Nenets_Autonomous_District.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E6%B6%85%E6%B6%85%E8%8C%A8%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" title="涅涅茨自治区">涅涅茨自治區</a><br /> 2. <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Flag_of_Yugra.svg/22px-Flag_of_Yugra.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Flag_of_Yugra.svg/33px-Flag_of_Yugra.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Flag_of_Yugra.svg/44px-Flag_of_Yugra.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%89%E7%89%B9-%E6%9B%BC%E8%A5%BF%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" title="汉特-曼西自治区">汉特-曼西自治区</a><br /> 3. <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Chukotka.svg/22px-Flag_of_Chukotka.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Chukotka.svg/33px-Flag_of_Chukotka.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Chukotka.svg/44px-Flag_of_Chukotka.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E6%A5%9A%E7%A7%91%E5%A5%87%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" title="楚科奇自治区">楚科奇自治區</a><br /> 4. <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Yamal-Nenets_Autonomous_District.svg/22px-Flag_of_Yamal-Nenets_Autonomous_District.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Yamal-Nenets_Autonomous_District.svg/33px-Flag_of_Yamal-Nenets_Autonomous_District.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Yamal-Nenets_Autonomous_District.svg/44px-Flag_of_Yamal-Nenets_Autonomous_District.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E9%A9%AC%E5%B0%94-%E6%B6%85%E6%B6%85%E8%8C%A8%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" title="亚马尔-涅涅茨自治区">亞馬爾-涅涅茨自治區</a></figcaption></figure><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA_(%E4%BF%84%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF)" title="自治区 (俄罗斯)">自治区 (俄罗斯)</a></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nenets_in_Russia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Nenets_in_Russia.svg/100px-Nenets_in_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="54" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Nenets_in_Russia.svg/150px-Nenets_in_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Nenets_in_Russia.svg/200px-Nenets_in_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1181" data-file-height="637" /></a></span><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Flag_of_Nenets_Autonomous_District.svg/22px-Flag_of_Nenets_Autonomous_District.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Flag_of_Nenets_Autonomous_District.svg/33px-Flag_of_Nenets_Autonomous_District.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Flag_of_Nenets_Autonomous_District.svg/44px-Flag_of_Nenets_Autonomous_District.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E6%B6%85%E6%B6%85%E8%8C%A8%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" title="涅涅茨自治区">涅涅茨自治區</a></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Khanty-Mansi_in_Russia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Khanty-Mansi_in_Russia.svg/100px-Khanty-Mansi_in_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="54" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Khanty-Mansi_in_Russia.svg/150px-Khanty-Mansi_in_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Khanty-Mansi_in_Russia.svg/200px-Khanty-Mansi_in_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1181" data-file-height="637" /></a></span><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Flag_of_Yugra.svg/22px-Flag_of_Yugra.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Flag_of_Yugra.svg/33px-Flag_of_Yugra.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Flag_of_Yugra.svg/44px-Flag_of_Yugra.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%89%E7%89%B9-%E6%9B%BC%E8%A5%BF%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" title="汉特-曼西自治区">汉特-曼西自治区</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chukotka_in_Russia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Chukotka_in_Russia.svg/100px-Chukotka_in_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="54" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Chukotka_in_Russia.svg/150px-Chukotka_in_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Chukotka_in_Russia.svg/200px-Chukotka_in_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1181" data-file-height="637" /></a></span><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Chukotka.svg/22px-Flag_of_Chukotka.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Chukotka.svg/33px-Flag_of_Chukotka.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Chukotka.svg/44px-Flag_of_Chukotka.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E6%A5%9A%E7%A7%91%E5%A5%87%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" title="楚科奇自治区">楚科奇自治區</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Map_of_Russia_(2014%E2%80%932022)_-_Yamalo-Nenets_Autonomous_Okrug.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Map_of_Russia_%282014%E2%80%932022%29_-_Yamalo-Nenets_Autonomous_Okrug.svg/100px-Map_of_Russia_%282014%E2%80%932022%29_-_Yamalo-Nenets_Autonomous_Okrug.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="55" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Map_of_Russia_%282014%E2%80%932022%29_-_Yamalo-Nenets_Autonomous_Okrug.svg/150px-Map_of_Russia_%282014%E2%80%932022%29_-_Yamalo-Nenets_Autonomous_Okrug.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Map_of_Russia_%282014%E2%80%932022%29_-_Yamalo-Nenets_Autonomous_Okrug.svg/200px-Map_of_Russia_%282014%E2%80%932022%29_-_Yamalo-Nenets_Autonomous_Okrug.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1541" data-file-height="847" /></a></span><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Yamal-Nenets_Autonomous_District.svg/22px-Flag_of_Yamal-Nenets_Autonomous_District.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Yamal-Nenets_Autonomous_District.svg/33px-Flag_of_Yamal-Nenets_Autonomous_District.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Yamal-Nenets_Autonomous_District.svg/44px-Flag_of_Yamal-Nenets_Autonomous_District.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E9%A9%AC%E5%B0%94-%E6%B6%85%E6%B6%85%E8%8C%A8%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" title="亚马尔-涅涅茨自治区">亞馬爾-涅涅茨自治區</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E7%BE%85%E6%96%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="俄羅斯">俄羅斯</a></b>的<b>自治區</b>（俄语：<span lang="ru">автономный округ</span>），是<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E7%BE%85%E6%96%AF%E8%81%AF%E9%82%A6%E4%B8%BB%E9%AB%94" class="mw-redirect" title="俄羅斯聯邦主體">俄羅斯聯邦主體</a>的類型之一，同時也是某些聯邦主體行政區劃的類型。截至2014年，俄羅斯聯邦一共被劃分為85個聯邦主體，其中有四個是自治區。但在1990年，<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF%E8%8B%8F%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%83%E8%81%94%E9%82%A6%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="俄罗斯苏维埃联邦社会主义共和国">俄罗斯苏维埃联邦社会主义共和国</a>境内曾有10个自治区，包括<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%B0%E6%A2%85%E7%88%BE%EF%BC%88%E5%A4%9A%E7%88%BE%E5%B9%B2-%E6%B6%85%E6%B6%85%E8%8C%A8%EF%BC%89%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8D%80" title="泰梅爾（多爾干-涅涅茨）自治區">泰梅爾（多爾干-涅涅茨）自治區</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E6%96%87%E5%9F%BA%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" title="埃文基自治区">埃文基自治区</a>等。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="非洲"><span id=".E9.9D.9E.E6.B4.B2"></span>非洲</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&action=edit&section=12" title="编辑章节：非洲"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="圣多美和普林西比"><span id=".E5.9C.A3.E5.A4.9A.E7.BE.8E.E5.92.8C.E6.99.AE.E6.9E.97.E8.A5.BF.E6.AF.94"></span>圣多美和普林西比</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&action=edit&section=13" title="编辑章节：圣多美和普林西比"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Pr%C3%ADncipe_Autonomous_Region.svg/23px-Flag_of_Pr%C3%ADncipe_Autonomous_Region.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Pr%C3%ADncipe_Autonomous_Region.svg/35px-Flag_of_Pr%C3%ADncipe_Autonomous_Region.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Pr%C3%ADncipe_Autonomous_Region.svg/46px-Flag_of_Pr%C3%ADncipe_Autonomous_Region.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1821" data-file-height="904" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%99%AE%E6%9E%97%E8%A5%BF%E6%AF%94%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" title="普林西比自治区">普林西比自治区</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參見"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E8.A6.8B"></span>參見</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&action=edit&section=14" title="编辑章节：參見"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8D%80%E5%8A%83" title="自治行政區劃">自治行政區劃</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%84%E5%9C%8B%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8D%80%E5%8A%83%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="各國自治行政區劃列表">各國自治行政區劃列表</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="自治共和国">自治共和国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="中华人民共和国行政区划">中华人民共和国行政区划</a>：<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%9C%B0%E6%96%B9" title="民族自治地方">民族自治地方</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="中國民族列表">中國民族列表</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E6%9C%9D" title="清朝">清朝</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%90%86%E8%97%A9%E9%99%A2" title="理藩院">理藩院</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B" title="中華民國">中華民國</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%92%99%E8%97%8F%E5%A7%94%E5%93%A1%E6%9C%83" title="蒙藏委員會">蒙藏委員會</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E4%BA%8B%E5%8A%A1%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" title="中华人民共和国国家民族事务委员会">中华人民共和国国家民族事务委员会</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参考资料"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.80.83.E8.B5.84.E6.96.99"></span>参考资料</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&action=edit&section=15" title="编辑章节：参考资料"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist columns references-column-width" style="-moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">中华人民共和国民政部. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170518092734/http://www.mca.gov.cn/article/sj/tjgb/201607/20160700001136.shtml">2015年社会服务发展统计公报</a>. 中华人民共和国民政部门户网站. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2017-05-26</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mca.gov.cn/article/sj/tjgb/201607/20160700001136.shtml">原始内容</a>存档于2017-05-18）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&rft.atitle=2015%E5%B9%B4%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E5%8F%91%E5%B1%95%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1%E5%85%AC%E6%8A%A5&rft.au=%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%91%E6%94%BF%E9%83%A8&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%91%E6%94%BF%E9%83%A8%E9%97%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%BD%91%E7%AB%99&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mca.gov.cn%2Farticle%2Fsj%2Ftjgb%2F201607%2F20160700001136.shtml&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">李維漢，1980，《关于民族理论和民族政策的若干问题》</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.uighurbiz.net/html/2007/1128/9991.html">烏蘭夫與《民族區域自治法》</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%A4%B1%E6%95%88%E9%93%BE%E6%8E%A5" title="Wikipedia:失效链接"><span title="自2018年1月失效">永久失效連結</span></a>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">曾成貴，2007，《民族自決與民族區域自治:中共民族政策的歷史考察》</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.qstheory.cn/zz/zgtsshzyll/201112/t20111221_131044.htm">我国民族区域自治制度的历史及其发展</a> <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">互联网档案馆</a>的<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111223143133/http://www.qstheory.cn/zz/zgtsshzyll/201112/t20111221_131044.htm">存檔</a>，存档日期2011-12-23.</span> </li> </ol></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">检索自“<a dir="ltr" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=自治区&oldid=84801400">https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=自治区&oldid=84801400</a>”</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2%E5%88%86%E7%B1%BB" title="Special:页面分类">分类</a>：<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8D%80" title="Category:自治區">自治區</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92%E5%8D%95%E4%BD%8D" 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