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</div> <div class="control"> <button class="button is-small is-link">Go</button> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <ol class="breathe-horizontal" start="1"> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2205.05115">arXiv:2205.05115</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2205.05115">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/2205.05115">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics">physics.ao-ph</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics">astro-ph.IM</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="High Energy Physics - Experiment">hep-ex</span> </div> <div class="is-inline-block" style="margin-left: 0.5rem"> <div class="tags has-addons"> <span class="tag is-dark is-size-7">doi</span> <span class="tag is-light is-size-7"><a class="" href="https://doi.org/10.1029/2023GL102958">10.1029/2023GL102958 <i class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></span> </div> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> First High-speed Video Camera Observations of a Lightning Flash Associated with a Downward Terrestrial Gamma-ray Flash </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Abbasi%2C+R+U">R. U. Abbasi</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Saba%2C+M+M+F">M. M. F. Saba</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Belz%2C+J+W">J. W. Belz</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Krehbiel%2C+P+R">P. R. Krehbiel</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Rison%2C+W">W. Rison</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Kieu%2C+N">N. Kieu</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=da+Silva%2C+D+R">D. R. da Silva</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Rodeheffer%2C+D">Dan Rodeheffer</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Stanley%2C+M+A">M. A. Stanley</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Remington%2C+J">J. Remington</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Mazich%2C+J">J. Mazich</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=LeVon%2C+R">R. LeVon</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Smout%2C+K">K. Smout</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Petrizze%2C+A">A. Petrizze</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Abu-Zayyad%2C+T">T. Abu-Zayyad</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Allen%2C+M">M. Allen</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Arai%2C+Y">Y. Arai</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Arimura%2C+R">R. Arimura</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Barcikowski%2C+E">E. Barcikowski</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bergman%2C+D+R">D. R. Bergman</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Blake%2C+S+A">S. A. Blake</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Buckland%2C+I">I. Buckland</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Cheon%2C+B+G">B. G. Cheon</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Chikawa%2C+M">M. Chikawa</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Fujii%2C+T">T. Fujii</a> , et al. (127 additional authors not shown) </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2205.05115v2-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> In this paper, we present the first high-speed video observation of a cloud-to-ground lightning flash and its associated downward-directed Terrestrial Gamma-ray Flash (TGF). The optical emission of the event was observed by a high-speed video camera running at 40,000 frames per second in conjunction with the Telescope Array Surface Detector, Lightning Mapping Array, interferometer, electric-field… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2205.05115v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2205.05115v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2205.05115v2-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> In this paper, we present the first high-speed video observation of a cloud-to-ground lightning flash and its associated downward-directed Terrestrial Gamma-ray Flash (TGF). The optical emission of the event was observed by a high-speed video camera running at 40,000 frames per second in conjunction with the Telescope Array Surface Detector, Lightning Mapping Array, interferometer, electric-field fast antenna, and the National Lightning Detection Network. The cloud-to-ground flash associated with the observed TGF was formed by a fast downward leader followed by a very intense return stroke peak current of -154 kA. The TGF occurred while the downward leader was below cloud base, and even when it was halfway in its propagation to ground. The suite of gamma-ray and lightning instruments, timing resolution, and source proximity offer us detailed information and therefore a unique look at the TGF phenomena. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2205.05115v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2205.05115v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 9 August, 2023; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">v1</span> submitted 10 May, 2022; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> May 2022. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Journal ref:</span> Geophysical Research Letters, 50, e2023GL102958 (2023) </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2009.14327">arXiv:2009.14327</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2009.14327">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/2009.14327">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics">physics.ao-ph</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena">astro-ph.HE</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="High Energy Physics - Experiment">hep-ex</span> </div> <div class="is-inline-block" style="margin-left: 0.5rem"> <div class="tags has-addons"> <span class="tag is-dark is-size-7">doi</span> <span class="tag is-light is-size-7"><a class="" href="https://doi.org/10.1029/2019JD031940">10.1029/2019JD031940 <i class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></span> </div> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Observations of the Origin of Downward Terrestrial Gamma-Ray Flashes </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Belz%2C+J+W">J. W. Belz</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Krehbiel%2C+P+R">P. R. Krehbiel</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Remington%2C+J">J. Remington</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Stanley%2C+M+A">M. A. Stanley</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Abbasi%2C+R+U">R. U. Abbasi</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=LeVon%2C+R">R. LeVon</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Rison%2C+W">W. Rison</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Rodeheffer%2C+D">D. Rodeheffer</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Collaboration%2C+t+T+A+S">the Telescope Array Scientific Collaboration</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=%3A"> :</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Abu-Zayyad%2C+T">T. Abu-Zayyad</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Allen%2C+M">M. Allen</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Barcikowski%2C+E">E. Barcikowski</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bergman%2C+D+R">D. R. Bergman</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Blake%2C+S+A">S. A. Blake</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Byrne%2C+M">M. Byrne</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Cady%2C+R">R. Cady</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Cheon%2C+B+G">B. G. Cheon</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Chikawa%2C+M">M. Chikawa</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=di+Matteo%2C+A">A. di Matteo</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Fujii%2C+T">T. Fujii</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Fujita%2C+K">K. Fujita</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Fujiwara%2C+R">R. Fujiwara</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Fukushima%2C+M">M. Fukushima</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Furlich%2C+G">G. Furlich</a> , et al. (116 additional authors not shown) </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2009.14327v2-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> In this paper we report the first close, high-resolution observations of downward-directed terrestrial gamma-ray flashes (TGFs) detected by the large-area Telescope Array cosmic ray observatory, obtained in conjunction with broadband VHF interferometer and fast electric field change measurements of the parent discharge. The results show that the TGFs occur during strong initial breakdown pulses (I… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2009.14327v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2009.14327v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2009.14327v2-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> In this paper we report the first close, high-resolution observations of downward-directed terrestrial gamma-ray flashes (TGFs) detected by the large-area Telescope Array cosmic ray observatory, obtained in conjunction with broadband VHF interferometer and fast electric field change measurements of the parent discharge. The results show that the TGFs occur during strong initial breakdown pulses (IBPs) in the first few milliseconds of negative cloud-to-ground and low-altitude intracloud flashes, and that the IBPs are produced by a newly-identified streamer-based discharge process called fast negative breakdown. The observations indicate the relativistic runaway electron avalanches (RREAs) responsible for producing the TGFs are initiated by embedded spark-like transient conducting events (TCEs) within the fast streamer system, and potentially also by individual fast streamers themselves. The TCEs are inferred to be the cause of impulsive sub-pulses that are characteristic features of classic IBP sferics. Additional development of the avalanches would be facilitated by the enhanced electric field ahead of the advancing front of the fast negative breakdown. In addition to showing the nature of IBPs and their enigmatic sub-pulses, the observations also provide a possible explanation for the unsolved question of how the streamer to leader transition occurs during the initial negative breakdown, namely as a result of strong currents flowing in the final stage of successive IBPs, extending backward through both the IBP itself and the negative streamer breakdown preceding the IBP. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2009.14327v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2009.14327v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 12 October, 2020; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">v1</span> submitted 29 September, 2020; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> September 2020. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">Typo fixed and reference added. Manuscript is 36 pages. Supplemental Information is 42 pages. This paper is to be published in the Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. Online data repository: Open Science Framework DOI: 10.17605/OSF.IO/Z3XDA</span> </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1705.06258">arXiv:1705.06258</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/1705.06258">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/1705.06258">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics">physics.ao-ph</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena">astro-ph.HE</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="High Energy Physics - Experiment">hep-ex</span> </div> <div class="is-inline-block" style="margin-left: 0.5rem"> <div class="tags has-addons"> <span class="tag is-dark is-size-7">doi</span> <span class="tag is-light is-size-7"><a class="" href="https://doi.org/10.1029/2017JD027931">10.1029/2017JD027931 <i class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></span> </div> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Gamma-ray Showers Observed at Ground Level in Coincidence With Downward Lightning Leaders </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Abbasi%2C+R+U">R. U. Abbasi</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Abu-Zayyad%2C+T">T. Abu-Zayyad</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Allen%2C+M">M. Allen</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Barcikowski%2C+E">E. Barcikowski</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Belz%2C+J+W">J. W. Belz</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bergman%2C+D+R">D. R. Bergman</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Blake%2C+S+A">S. A. Blake</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Byrne%2C+M">M. Byrne</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Cady%2C+R">R. Cady</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Cheon%2C+B+G">B. G. Cheon</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Chiba%2C+J">J. Chiba</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Chikawa%2C+M">M. Chikawa</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Fujii%2C+T">T. Fujii</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Fukushima%2C+M">M. Fukushima</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Furlich%2C+G">G. Furlich</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Goto%2C+T">T. Goto</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Hanlon%2C+W">W. Hanlon</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Hayashi%2C+Y">Y. Hayashi</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Hayashida%2C+N">N. Hayashida</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Hibino%2C+K">K. Hibino</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Honda%2C+K">K. Honda</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ikeda%2C+D">D. Ikeda</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Inoue%2C+N">N. Inoue</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ishii%2C+T">T. Ishii</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ito%2C+H">H. Ito</a> , et al. (99 additional authors not shown) </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1705.06258v3-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> Bursts of gamma ray showers have been observed in coincidence with downward propagating negative leaders in lightning flashes by the Telescope Array Surface Detector (TASD). The TASD is a 700~square kilometer cosmic ray observatory located in southwestern Utah, U.S.A. In data collected between 2014 and 2016, correlated observations showing the structure and temporal development of three shower-pro… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1705.06258v3-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('1705.06258v3-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1705.06258v3-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> Bursts of gamma ray showers have been observed in coincidence with downward propagating negative leaders in lightning flashes by the Telescope Array Surface Detector (TASD). The TASD is a 700~square kilometer cosmic ray observatory located in southwestern Utah, U.S.A. In data collected between 2014 and 2016, correlated observations showing the structure and temporal development of three shower-producing flashes were obtained with a 3D lightning mapping array, and electric field change measurements were obtained for an additional seven flashes, in both cases co-located with the TASD. National Lightning Detection Network (NLDN) information was also used throughout. The showers arrived in a sequence of 2--5 short-duration ($\le$10~$渭$s) bursts over time intervals of several hundred microseconds, and originated at an altitude of $\simeq$3--5 kilometers above ground level during the first 1--2 ms of downward negative leader breakdown at the beginning of cloud-to-ground lightning flashes. The shower footprints, associated waveforms and the effect of atmospheric propagation indicate that the showers consist primarily of downward-beamed gamma radiation. This has been supported by GEANT simulation studies, which indicate primary source fluxes of $\simeq$$10^{12}$--$10^{14}$ photons for $16^{\circ}$ half-angle beams. We conclude that the showers are terrestrial gamma-ray flashes (TGFs), similar to those observed by satellites, but that the ground-based observations are more representative of the temporal source activity and are also more sensitive than satellite observations, which detect only the most powerful TGFs. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1705.06258v3-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('1705.06258v3-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 18 May, 2018; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">v1</span> submitted 17 May, 2017; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> May 2017. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Journal ref:</span> J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 123 (2018) </p> </li> </ol> <div class="is-hidden-tablet">  <span class="help" style="display: inline-block;"><a href="https://github.com/arXiv/arxiv-search/releases">Search v0.5.6 released 2020-02-24</a>  </span> </div> </div> </main> <footer> <div class="columns is-desktop" role="navigation" aria-label="Secondary">  <div class="column"> <div class="columns"> <div class="column"> <ul class="nav-spaced"> <li><a href="https://info.arxiv.org/about">About</a></li> <li><a href="https://info.arxiv.org/help">Help</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="column"> <ul class="nav-spaced"> <li> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512" class="icon filter-black" role="presentation"><title>contact arXiv</title><desc>Click here to contact arXiv</desc><path d="M502.3 190.8c3.9-3.1 9.7-.2 9.7 4.7V400c0 26.5-21.5 48-48 48H48c-26.5 0-48-21.5-48-48V195.6c0-5 5.7-7.8 9.7-4.7 22.4 17.4 52.1 39.5 154.1 113.6 21.1 15.4 56.7 47.8 92.2 47.6 35.7.3 72-32.8 92.3-47.6 102-74.1 131.6-96.3 154-113.7zM256 320c23.2.4 56.6-29.2 73.4-41.4 132.7-96.3 142.8-104.7 173.4-128.7 5.8-4.5 9.2-11.5 9.2-18.9v-19c0-26.5-21.5-48-48-48H48C21.5 64 0 85.5 0 112v19c0 7.4 3.4 14.3 9.2 18.9 30.6 23.9 40.7 32.4 173.4 128.7 16.8 12.2 50.2 41.8 73.4 41.4z"/></svg> <a href="https://info.arxiv.org/help/contact.html"> Contact</a> </li> <li> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512" class="icon filter-black" role="presentation"><title>subscribe to arXiv mailings</title><desc>Click here to subscribe</desc><path d="M476 3.2L12.5 270.6c-18.1 10.4-15.8 35.6 2.2 43.2L121 358.4l287.3-253.2c5.5-4.9 13.3 2.6 8.6 8.3L176 407v80.5c0 23.6 28.5 32.9 42.5 15.8L282 426l124.6 52.2c14.2 6 30.4-2.9 33-18.2l72-432C515 7.8 493.3-6.8 476 3.2z"/></svg> <a href="https://info.arxiv.org/help/subscribe"> Subscribe</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div>   <div class="column"> <div class="columns"> <div class="column"> <ul class="nav-spaced"> <li><a href="https://info.arxiv.org/help/license/index.html">Copyright</a></li> <li><a href="https://info.arxiv.org/help/policies/privacy_policy.html">Privacy Policy</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="column sorry-app-links"> <ul class="nav-spaced"> <li><a href="https://info.arxiv.org/help/web_accessibility.html">Web Accessibility Assistance</a></li> <li> <p class="help"> <a class="a11y-main-link" href="https://status.arxiv.org" target="_blank">arXiv Operational Status <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 256 512" class="icon filter-dark_grey" role="presentation"><path d="M224.3 273l-136 136c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-22.6-22.6c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l96.4-96.4-96.4-96.4c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9L54.3 103c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l136 136c9.5 9.4 9.5 24.6.1 34z"/></svg></a><br> Get status notifications via <a class="is-link" href="https://subscribe.sorryapp.com/24846f03/email/new" target="_blank"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512" class="icon filter-black" role="presentation"><path d="M502.3 190.8c3.9-3.1 9.7-.2 9.7 4.7V400c0 26.5-21.5 48-48 48H48c-26.5 0-48-21.5-48-48V195.6c0-5 5.7-7.8 9.7-4.7 22.4 17.4 52.1 39.5 154.1 113.6 21.1 15.4 56.7 47.8 92.2 47.6 35.7.3 72-32.8 92.3-47.6 102-74.1 131.6-96.3 154-113.7zM256 320c23.2.4 56.6-29.2 73.4-41.4 132.7-96.3 142.8-104.7 173.4-128.7 5.8-4.5 9.2-11.5 9.2-18.9v-19c0-26.5-21.5-48-48-48H48C21.5 64 0 85.5 0 112v19c0 7.4 3.4 14.3 9.2 18.9 30.6 23.9 40.7 32.4 173.4 128.7 16.8 12.2 50.2 41.8 73.4 41.4z"/></svg>email</a> or <a class="is-link" href="https://subscribe.sorryapp.com/24846f03/slack/new" target="_blank"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 512" class="icon filter-black" role="presentation"><path d="M94.12 315.1c0 25.9-21.16 47.06-47.06 47.06S0 341 0 315.1c0-25.9 21.16-47.06 47.06-47.06h47.06v47.06zm23.72 0c0-25.9 21.16-47.06 47.06-47.06s47.06 21.16 47.06 47.06v117.84c0 25.9-21.16 47.06-47.06 47.06s-47.06-21.16-47.06-47.06V315.1zm47.06-188.98c-25.9 0-47.06-21.16-47.06-47.06S139 32 164.9 32s47.06 21.16 47.06 47.06v47.06H164.9zm0 23.72c25.9 0 47.06 21.16 47.06 47.06s-21.16 47.06-47.06 47.06H47.06C21.16 243.96 0 222.8 0 196.9s21.16-47.06 47.06-47.06H164.9zm188.98 47.06c0-25.9 21.16-47.06 47.06-47.06 25.9 0 47.06 21.16 47.06 47.06s-21.16 47.06-47.06 47.06h-47.06V196.9zm-23.72 0c0 25.9-21.16 47.06-47.06 47.06-25.9 0-47.06-21.16-47.06-47.06V79.06c0-25.9 21.16-47.06 47.06-47.06 25.9 0 47.06 21.16 47.06 47.06V196.9zM283.1 385.88c25.9 0 47.06 21.16 47.06 47.06 0 25.9-21.16 47.06-47.06 47.06-25.9 0-47.06-21.16-47.06-47.06v-47.06h47.06zm0-23.72c-25.9 0-47.06-21.16-47.06-47.06 0-25.9 21.16-47.06 47.06-47.06h117.84c25.9 0 47.06 21.16 47.06 47.06 0 25.9-21.16 47.06-47.06 47.06H283.1z"/></svg>slack</a> </p> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div>  </div> </footer> <script src="https://static.arxiv.org/static/base/1.0.0a5/js/member_acknowledgement.js"></script> </body> </html>

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