Search results for: purines

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purines</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: purines"> <meta name="keywords" content="purines"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" 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class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="purines"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 4</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: purines</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4</span> Structural Insights into the Bypass of the Major Deaminated Purines by Translesion Synthesis DNA Polymerase</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hunmin%20Jung">Hunmin Jung</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michael%20Hawkins"> Michael Hawkins</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seongmin%20Lee"> Seongmin Lee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The exocyclic amines of nucleobases can undergo deamination by various DNA damaging agents such as reactive oxygen species, nitric oxide, and water. The deamination of guanine and adenine generates the promutagenic xanthine and hypoxanthine, respectively. The exocyclic amines of bases in DNA are hydrogen bond donors, while the carbonyl moiety generated by the base deamination acts as hydrogen bond acceptors, which can alter base pairing properties of the purines. Xanthine is known to base pair with both cytosine and thymine, while hypoxanthine predominantly pairs with cytosine to promote A to G mutations. Despite the known promutagenicity of the major deaminated purines, structures of DNA polymerase bypassing these lesions have not been reported. To gain insights into the deaminated-induced mutagenesis, we solved crystal structures of human DNA polymerase 畏 (pol畏) catalyzing across xanthine and hypoxanthine. In the catalytic site of pol畏, the deaminated guanine (i.e., xanthine) forms three Watson-Crick-like hydrogen bonds with an incoming dCTP, indicating the O2-enol tautomer of xanthine involves in the base pairing. The formation of the enol tautomer appears to be promoted by the minor groove contact by Gln38 of pol畏. When hypoxanthine is at the templating position, the deaminated adenine uses its O6-keto tautomer to form two Watson-Crick hydrogen bonds with an incoming dCTP, providing the structural basis for the high promutagenicity of hypoxanthine. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DNA%20damage" title="DNA damage">DNA damage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DNA%20polymerase" title="DNA polymerase">DNA polymerase</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deamination" title="deamination">deamination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mutagenesis" title="mutagenesis">mutagenesis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tautomerization" title="tautomerization">tautomerization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=translesion%20synthesis" title="translesion synthesis">translesion synthesis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149816/structural-insights-into-the-bypass-of-the-major-deaminated-purines-by-translesion-synthesis-dna-polymerase" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149816.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">134</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3</span> Designed Purine Molecules and in-silico Evaluation of Aurora Kinase Inhibition in Breast Cancer</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pooja%20Kumari">Pooja Kumari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anandkumar%20Tengli"> Anandkumar Tengli</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Aurora kinase enzyme, a protein on overexpression, leads to metastasis and is extremely important for women鈥檚 health in terms of prevention or treatment. While creating a targeted technique, the aim of the work is to design purine molecules that inhibit in aurora kinase enzyme and helps to suppress breast cancer. Purine molecules attached to an amino acid in DNA block protein synthesis or halt the replication and metastasis caused by the aurora kinase enzyme. Various protein related to the overexpression of aurora protein was docked with purine molecule using Biovia Drug Discovery, the perpetual software. Various parameters like X-ray crystallographic structure, presence of ligand, Ramachandran plot, resolution, etc., were taken into consideration for selecting the target protein. A higher negative binding scored molecule has been taken for simulation studies. According to the available research and computational analyses, purine compounds may be powerful enough to demonstrate a greater affinity for the aurora target. Despite being clinically effective now, purines were originally meant to fight breast cancer by inhibiting the aurora kinase enzyme. In in-silico studies, it is observed that purine compounds have a moderate to high potency compared to other molecules, and our research into the literature revealed that purine molecules have a lower risk of side effects. The research involves the design, synthesis, and identification of active purine molecules against breast cancer. Purines are structurally similar to the normal metabolites of adenine and guanine; hence interfere/compete with protein synthesis and suppress the abnormal proliferation of cells/tissues. As a result, purine target metastasis cells and stop the growth of kinase; purine derivatives bind with DNA and aurora protein which may stop the growth of protein or inhibits replication and stop metastasis of overexpressed aurora kinase enzyme. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aurora%20kinases" title="aurora kinases">aurora kinases</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=in%20silico%20studies" title=" in silico studies"> in silico studies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=medicinal%20chemistry" title=" medicinal chemistry"> medicinal chemistry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=combination%20therapies" title=" combination therapies"> combination therapies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chronic%20cancer" title=" chronic cancer"> chronic cancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clinical%20translation" title=" clinical translation"> clinical translation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158245/designed-purine-molecules-and-in-silico-evaluation-of-aurora-kinase-inhibition-in-breast-cancer" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158245.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">86</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2</span> Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of a Class of Pyridine and Purine Thioglycoside Analogs</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mamdouh%20Abu-Zaied">Mamdouh Abu-Zaied</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Mohamed"> K. Mohamed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Galal%20A.%20Nawwar"> Galal A. Nawwar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Microwave-assisted synthesis of a new class of pyridine or purine thioglycoside analogs from readily available starting materials has been described. The key step of this protocol is the formation of sodium pyridine 4-thiolate 4 and pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-7-thiolate 5 derivatives via condensation of 1 with cyanoacetanilide derivative 2 or 5-aminopyrazole derivative 3 respectively under microwave irradiation, followed by coupling with halo sugars to give the corresponding pyridine and purine thioglycoside analogs. The obtained compounds were evaluated in vitro against lung (A549), colon (HCT116), liver (HEPG2), and MCF-7(breast) cancer cell lines. Some of them recorded promising activities. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antitumor" title="antitumor">antitumor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cyclic%20sugars" title=" cyclic sugars"> cyclic sugars</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pyrazoles" title=" pyrazoles"> pyrazoles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pyridines" title=" pyridines"> pyridines</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pyrimidines" title=" pyrimidines"> pyrimidines</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=purines" title=" purines"> purines</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thioglycosides" title=" thioglycosides"> thioglycosides</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61036/microwave-assisted-synthesis-of-a-class-of-pyridine-and-purine-thioglycoside-analogs" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61036.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">241</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1</span> Comparison of Monte Carlo Simulations and Experimental Results for the Measurement of Complex DNA Damage Induced by Ionizing Radiations of Different Quality</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ifigeneia%20V.%20Mavragani">Ifigeneia V. Mavragani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zacharenia%20Nikitaki"> Zacharenia Nikitaki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=George%20Kalantzis"> George Kalantzis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=George%20Iliakis"> George Iliakis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alexandros%20G.%20Georgakilas"> Alexandros G. Georgakilas</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Complex DNA damage consisting of a combination of DNA lesions, such as Double Strand Breaks (DSBs) and non-DSB base lesions occurring in a small volume is considered as one of the most important biological endpoints regarding ionizing radiation (IR) exposure. Strong theoretical (Monte Carlo simulations) and experimental evidence suggests an increment of the complexity of DNA damage and therefore repair resistance with increasing linear energy transfer (LET). Experimental detection of complex (clustered) DNA damage is often associated with technical deficiencies limiting its measurement, especially in cellular or tissue systems. Our groups have recently made significant improvements towards the identification of key parameters relating to the efficient detection of complex DSBs and non-DSBs in human cellular systems exposed to IR of varying quality (纬-, X-rays 0.3-1 keV/渭m, 伪-particles 116 keV/渭m and 36Ar ions 270 keV/渭m). The induction and processing of DSB and non-DSB-oxidative clusters were measured using adaptations of immunofluorescence (纬H2AX or 53PB1 foci staining as DSB probes and human repair enzymes OGG1 or APE1 as probes for oxidized purines and abasic sites respectively). In the current study, Relative Biological Effectiveness (RBE) values for DSB and non-DSB induction have been measured in different human normal (FEP18-11-T1) and cancerous cell lines (MCF7, HepG2, A549, MO59K/J). The experimental results are compared to simulation data obtained using a validated microdosimetric fast Monte Carlo DNA Damage Simulation code (MCDS). Moreover, this simulation approach is implemented in two realistic clinical cases, i.e. prostate cancer treatment using X-rays generated by a linear accelerator and a pediatric osteosarcoma case using a 200.6 MeV proton pencil beam. RBE values for complex DNA damage induction are calculated for the tumor areas. These results reveal a disparity between theory and experiment and underline the necessity for implementing highly precise and more efficient experimental and simulation approaches. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=complex%20DNA%20damage" title="complex DNA damage">complex DNA damage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DNA%20damage%20simulation" title=" DNA damage simulation"> DNA damage simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=protons" title=" protons"> protons</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiotherapy" title=" radiotherapy"> radiotherapy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60953/comparison-of-monte-carlo-simulations-and-experimental-results-for-the-measurement-of-complex-dna-damage-induced-by-ionizing-radiations-of-different-quality" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60953.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">325</span> </span> </div> </div> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/WASET-16th-foundational-anniversary.pdf">WASET celebrates its 16th foundational anniversary</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Account <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile">My Account</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Explore <li><a href="https://waset.org/disciplines">Disciplines</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conferences">Conferences</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conference-programs">Conference Program</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/committees">Committees</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Publications</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Research <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Open Science <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Philosophy.pdf">Open Science Philosophy</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Award.pdf">Open Science Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Society-Open-Science-and-Open-Innovation.pdf">Open Innovation</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Postdoctoral-Fellowship-Award.pdf">Postdoctoral Fellowship Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Scholarly-Research-Review.pdf">Scholarly Research Review</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Support <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">Support</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Contact Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Report Abuse</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container text-center"> <hr style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.3rem;"> <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank" class="text-muted small">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</a> <div id="copy" class="mt-2">© 2024 World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology</div> </div> </footer> <a href="javascript:" id="return-to-top"><i class="fas fa-arrow-up"></i></a> <div class="modal" id="modal-template"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="row m-0 mt-1"> <div class="col-md-12"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button> </div> </div> <div class="modal-body"></div> </div> </div> </div> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/jquery-3.3.1.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/js/site.js?v=150220211556"></script> <script> jQuery(document).ready(function() { /*jQuery.get("https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", function (response) { jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); 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Search results for: purines