CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHdpZHRoPSIzMiIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzMiIgZmlsbD0ibm9uZSI+PHBhdGggZmlsbD0iI0IyMEYwMyIgZD0iTTE2IDNhMTMgMTMgMCAxIDAgMTMgMTNBMTMuMDE1IDEzLjAxNSAwIDAgMCAxNiAzbTAgMjRhMTEgMTEgMCAxIDEgMTEtMTEgMTEuMDEgMTEuMDEgMCAwIDEtMTEgMTEiLz48cGF0aCBmaWxsPSIjQjIwRjAzIiBkPSJNMTcuMDM4IDE4LjYxNUgxNC44N0wxNC41NjMgOS41aDIuNzgzem0tMS4wODQgMS40MjdxLjY2IDAgMS4wNTcuMzg4LjQwNy4zODkuNDA3Ljk5NCAwIC41OTYtLjQwNy45ODQtLjM5Ny4zOS0xLjA1Ny4zODktLjY1IDAtMS4wNTYtLjM4OS0uMzk4LS4zODktLjM5OC0uOTg0IDAtLjU5Ny4zOTgtLjk4NS40MDYtLjM5NyAxLjA1Ni0uMzk3Ii8+PC9zdmc+);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '9136ac80aa26ce55',cH: '3oxF6HF.OOvcQdtw7MLo3nanzh_VN8U5XY0GfaB1Bb0-1739804707-1.2.1.1-syfo8VVcrjZX49gUR5g.Q9qz46TdKf4gW9vYxYw3kVvKe8W4R_AddyofJKs1b8SN',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/search?q=Berrama%20Tarek&__cf_chl_tk=GEjq6ghuEplO9iERfL9OJlx94fmLrb33dEPBJdIhZWM-1739804707-1.0.1.1-Dykp5BojQt753bZ8xInA6tK8uAdZ.6Ac6xAzND0gfQk",cFPWv: 'g',cITimeS: '1739804707',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/search?q=Berrama%20Tarek&__cf_chl_f_tk=GEjq6ghuEplO9iERfL9OJlx94fmLrb33dEPBJdIhZWM-1739804707-1.0.1.1-Dykp5BojQt753bZ8xInA6tK8uAdZ.6Ac6xAzND0gfQk",md: "DyvdFxnQlsU70qww0GLrZVCK8QxYjRacMDEFEAOAa80-1739804707-1.2.1.1-t7EdkIzVhFvBlhHwRCakJw78jMgfhAS20roCeJleOJiuaAT_A_n7PCjWaIumh9rhIr4v8tf4w5lH.cIxLTU_vuZyNfxJIXwKxkihmU95CLyCgwdWJTA3sxQfPcu_1Sbo6QpuiO401OlL2Y8CTLJsgfBPNo0ZCHV2DpLGHOYSwV_eKUDFx9zo8iNPdW6aNXsLWKbqdxqzcN9ZrQNiE8qtcV.zQj1vOBmKTIWv5t.pznb7LDmvPXBDAF_7aapXtX0bB253_HUBCNU16bjhy4Xt3fVkeumiPQw6PVPbgDBwkToI136FnLu4EUREEr3cwvhig4_izsIPiV7vm4tOjP51NABGjMPaAmxlhtuVSVVWg31TAA0ymBF22dLdZYq392625wSzsTBwf_TNubokUUkbtOqIOC4Nt9kxP9xZaThYb149RO.8XPCVwZj2CHR8J_9STOyr9vO7l79m7SO3VKP62FxiAiXAy3VDapjcQPWUaeh0YxleH48lHwG9ICt.QOmLx6xxlh13XuNat3vtUu1IQ9Qf3ye12AIIMPuMiQsCmLBzyD3N_d52Ruhowj3pklNZLzJU1dnHTjxBA_urRGg8oloX1XpdZi9nfaf2K_1JmFil72TjPk_ATynGqTxHrc2uHvu60ZOIKHPon3b7vlX_1GIWm3th04heKaXlZLA.PkwV6uv64gEwbKEJjqB9.2L5vjktU2exBXCY3QV.9b150z_84ClkjAJz9YjVLiMuV0mRXMFAs3A3GxCApTcyZh_grEsi_7j0qytP7lOQqORlMBLkI7c8oVkvtuuQf09ZusrHFB0hEGIbHgJy8OPuEdKyWuKAYSs6R9mLGpg36AQSFKPIxgOYBOmmzJXpAeah_091_tXoxQ3efedLjVcmP6_FRVUZUQTqjwKTCYA0HJwwN5kzGqDPC6Gg.o9m1TtI8_vrEFpoC8.h2NyhOFQbsHKmEj2AkBpz5F5VizMTSUbs97LiINVFJmSlMwUbjaYJcWNhpoiMf9QTzO2PgUQCOnl1XbWqo6GB3a37NMg0xB3czoWzJSufjCPr4ebJLDh3e9_iL1FkRVe3gw_8TkCzXOedyLNoyuVaD6s58zrHHgw9JphVj8npCmhm4KXO1Bfggu9DWbM8q6HiCZneBXQQu0nL1m5lp0nMKar3Z7Uiv9kMuWfVZNXRxs8WWuOhcskyCw0DOhsGUIYuP5O0h_3uOd4tsUGGRqUCIv3QdcTqw1xMlKx9tdlBY70suMFdJuOLCGxjSLK333qAleflEnSrxNUQ6QoiZHKCn.EXvSbCNXrKwQ7OCCY_UtyK_uAo390jT7UHvoNxnTL3WHlnpsntLGl2IN2c1YVQ_QWAIUjbfeEYdhLGU2XI2imMdo1j0W8XElcHCFpObMik2bl36_HssEJFJ65xZtDnHuXJalStOZEOC5vpekNyDXLtE5uZKLtPlkX1lQ9w4vE5DEtMeyjnojbAyEZcb3CJpSs6vPeHaFFeSF2K1klNKgP4o6J.VGjHWP4kd5TIYrMcTMVSHcJdf.mkN4WnL1kSyTRE6nLyrUFTEHq4Cssrbpwm9PlTor15aIhKmc3FeN93_BvOhrxNf21WdKMSOKciZC9JEwfFOXl_H_FYzd21WsMm6jN75w5mbjVhxWhECFQcCtUtwDTiuI3i0BI4I8XbptlbJJIoOF8Hov97BIudbbSwQniH6X8.yLEYSNQvCU06Aj2ppy7O7Jw28gstzhgWdgGKLnOavBolqrAdiSymmRilW_2T84Wul.9TJVmxRpXdfJDSVVtpeE6_OFO2X3aWyzQIsDRyJewnLyj0Xh0TtrC0UclUcvhNV1TSTSiGk_agGRLLk8OQ9fFLnuGjakZem3vyLYWO5xcoitqpLxTroE1o3RL5opOew2KXpy_kDN9l3QGH_CkglS_waU53Ytwgq6d40lfOcaWlNYzpAIRLfkOfx90bBMaZML8",mdrd: "OKciz65K27LrmsoD48W4ugm7oookhXRc5LEUfNrGPR8-1739804707-1.2.1.1-q14kPyvLS.ExBOG2daEa7de.rzOJtvLjIfvP9zDAzB.UgyXGy9Z4Nluz9YAtM43.3xZfSog2wzzPhbSbKHv7lVg1kYIz5XVOEphureGhuS0SIbnoo8hJh0y_XaEDNVslagOd3H8lQ_irMSr8NMG4urXepbxNZh4d.wC9DQlqvjt6t4GoPrSSRMXKH9Xxfn1FfKJ1yHJ2GOrU.RYxl3EX064.isiI_ZXJrriObv8b5_TYjF.YB3IiIFzgTlGhFdk.k.Z1FphJfWMt2eXglTvKNLPku51EivEZ6U8kkQ9A4OGgGPtprPIRvjVmZGjYJfk24YHLcrdTmDOCt1YZ4ID1qEIqlfT0D_gzs7jONM6VLkcomegYeDVI_lrdbPEa5nunqHdsm4lYmxZdy4cr.rVDGkkVRytGPK7hgZ9n7pMExWsD7l3pWBzpEKmlXGnaq_CX.YS5WBd6ry0Jr.ad.H23jPKAo93pWdRCwKIu2tGY0gw.XEmqXdXed6xgbGbF1YekK_bm_QJSYtDELe5yNJqj99wMqDT9oPLjPNQ52ce_cUDPNBl5c8PmMXE9tN7H5kcQB3IungGskQZFIAc3n8iSkC_vnjopFxG8YL8FJNxKfgHCV6WFVnvc2899Y2EX6Y4UOJIuRQFBPJtlZ_68N43gg4jq8lvsLmgq6.QHwFRlsbPRcC_is68MKYiOj7NbuKE3OtzIiAnayv26OvffLsQ44Crb2tzlAEiU1EYFE_rquAXmGnicU0EY8120UE_ve7N303glMe9.BKAo705YJe9qjM_upfjOj2ZZy44n9m8KUwdceB5MUfv8pSDUqSc02.xO1PDnGkHKaMHnWmjiao7wgmPTCbomQlqZOShjrGRIvwJwviybVyAuQzifJT.0W33uMSAd.0U6GM8KP3Gpg.rkQDpEhzfB56OMLPrUFDg2mm4Vgpg5TTBje4YBd76I_ZYuKQMsEQkDp4tfUaoIoE3ryzuw1VnpEr7u5G.tJOgzm_j451EvGO4YhKTAsyYwloXSFytY3CUG_QhtDckSmup.AULTG84v0x3uQBT1zbs2hjKgdHyOxltVp4M11I.mro51OIgJBcUTGVdQLAn09vwmJo_yLrwRum5n.gyzPZQJYp6MiKMsypTQKqtKJm8YHKxHnPYO5L5aHhZydVgjd9quUtkuADSoCru0qO.OxxtmtSEb5qR7DLodbY6wLnGxH2YFYHrrIxaPEMBkxTejgdR40bx_juzdeApcXajTpnaW5Dg3SBe6DdmtOsGJATqdusBXf3CTWbtZFPV4dVD.UlKea_fZQsOnMf22uOCIg..jjFstNicreY9U4KzzqG3IBE0C5x.TKOP3HvU6dYimSmBXnZaA8FIZcFrgZrAy.jng8cunsOUJePem5J681XuDzq.FQ02.JGgVTFr7KHZts4.KgfDGtp3o7ppXDK9jmgZbAqLJBT5ZlWaOdhRk4V5HwulOgzhMC7WnlX2NtSfR1mvjyA0wZ9K2bKqBcDISr4w17wZWlflZQKJNZDKnApP1zEM5krF8WvnbY6sYctEanELMFQ2sFfc9o4CN52YQhPipC0X_BmEbMtdQlk8dgErCHRBw_uktNOeqX1DFbdiAmb6LgiO9LOtuZabKci1AEc4xEPLYV0jToePdiozsaLTGcsh6enMS_88zmXp7O16eUQ6DwzI_gLJm0S0BVl.1u3K6NzhLLMQDapOyQniXU_.ZzJfLO7966jKtiFVv.6nIxdrxmmAS_uo7YTLSUy.aCHb4Gl0Hn2y8G0t.dqNp9ptPJLtoD2_Y.IIFF30MSoGxfh2u_F0fNWGX_HiPlqD495rOA9kx3usNF0XfN_4ztL6MGzUM32RZKXiLG1H2gsRo2lumFGvhgm1FBLlgUAPBO.YBdGL3waCwSrWdzQVm1P0Wd6XXM38AZGR7_CxStoW21IQBhtrQMIaWxyq8BMoA4lQScYS2O6_6gLvLB48FkEEBYi8v"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/g/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=9136ac80aa26ce55';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/search?q=Berrama%20Tarek&__cf_chl_rt_tk=GEjq6ghuEplO9iERfL9OJlx94fmLrb33dEPBJdIhZWM-1739804707-1.0.1.1-Dykp5BojQt753bZ8xInA6tK8uAdZ.6Ac6xAzND0gfQk" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>