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data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Massie" title="Thomas Massie – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Thomas Massie" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Massie" title="Thomas Massie – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Thomas Massie" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B3_%D9%85%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="توماس مسی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="توماس مسی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Massie" title="Thomas Massie – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Thomas Massie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Massie" title="Thomas Massie – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Thomas Massie" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%A1_%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%A1%D7%99" title="תומאס מאסי – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="תומאס מאסי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Massie" title="Thomas Massie – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Thomas Massie" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lombard</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B3_%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%89" title="توماس ماسى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="توماس ماسى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Massie" title="Thomas Massie – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Thomas Massie" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Massie" title="Thomas Massie – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Thomas Massie" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D1%96" title="Томас Массі – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Томас Массі" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%89%98%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E9%A6%AC%E8%A5%BF" title="托馬斯·馬西 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="托馬斯·馬西" data-language-autonym="中文" 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<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American politician (born 1971)</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other people named Thomas Massie, see <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Massie_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Thomas Massie (disambiguation)">Thomas Massie (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Thomas Massie</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Thomas_Massie_official_portrait,_2022.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Thomas_Massie_official_portrait%2C_2022.jpg/220px-Thomas_Massie_official_portrait%2C_2022.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="269" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Thomas_Massie_official_portrait%2C_2022.jpg/330px-Thomas_Massie_official_portrait%2C_2022.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/09/Thomas_Massie_official_portrait%2C_2022.jpg 2x" data-file-width="335" data-file-height="410" /></a><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:normal;padding-top:0.2em;">Official portrait, 2022</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Member of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">U.S. House of Representatives</a> from <a href="/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky">Kentucky</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Kentucky%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Kentucky's 4th congressional district">4th</a> district</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><div class="skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="width:100%; margin:0; color: black; background-color: lavender"><a href="/wiki/Incumbent" title="Incumbent">Incumbent</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none">Assumed office November 13, 2012</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Preceded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Geoff_Davis" title="Geoff Davis">Geoff Davis</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Judge/Executive" class="mw-redirect" title="Judge/Executive">Judge/Executive</a> of <a href="/wiki/Lewis_County,_Kentucky" title="Lewis County, Kentucky">Lewis County</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none">In office January 3, 2011 – June 30, 2012</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Preceded by</th><td class="infobox-data">Steve Applegate</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Succeeded by</th><td class="infobox-data">John Collins</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Thomas Harold Massie</div> (1971-01-13) January 13, 1971 (age 53) <a href="/wiki/Huntington,_West_Virginia" title="Huntington, West Virginia">Huntington, West Virginia</a>, U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;">Rhonda Howard</div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1993; died <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style>2024)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">4</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology" title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">Massachusetts Institute of Technology</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Science" title="Bachelor of Science">BS</a>, <a href="/wiki/Master_of_Science" title="Master of Science">SM</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://massie.house.gov">House website</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output 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.listen:not(.listen-noimage){width:320px}.mw-parser-output .listen-left{overflow:visible;float:left}.mw-parser-output .listen-center{float:none;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-left listen noprint listen-embedded listen-noimage listen-center"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><div class="haudio"> <div class="listen-file-header"><a href="/wiki/File:Rep._Thomas_Massie_on_the_Maryland_v._King_Supreme_Court_Decision.oga" title="File:Rep. Thomas Massie on the Maryland v. King Supreme Court Decision.oga">Thomas Massie's voice</a></div> <div><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="215" style="width:215px;" data-durationhint="67" data-mwtitle="Rep._Thomas_Massie_on_the_Maryland_v._King_Supreme_Court_Decision.oga" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e9/Rep._Thomas_Massie_on_the_Maryland_v._King_Supreme_Court_Decision.oga" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e9/Rep._Thomas_Massie_on_the_Maryland_v._King_Supreme_Court_Decision.oga/Rep._Thomas_Massie_on_the_Maryland_v._King_Supreme_Court_Decision.oga.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></div> <div class="description">Massie on his opposition to the Supreme Court decision in <a href="/wiki/Maryland_v._King" title="Maryland v. King">Maryland v. King</a> Recorded June 5, 2013</div></div></div></div> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": 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.sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334494">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">This article is part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Libertarianism_in_the_United_States" title="Category:Libertarianism in the United States">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="background:#F5DD00; padding-top:0.25em; font-size:160%; font-weight:normal; color:black; line-height:1em"><a href="/wiki/Libertarianism_in_the_United_States" title="Libertarianism in the United States">Libertarianism in the United States</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><a href="/wiki/File:American_Libertarianism_Flags_Symbol.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/American_Libertarianism_Flags_Symbol.svg/120px-American_Libertarianism_Flags_Symbol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/American_Libertarianism_Flags_Symbol.svg/180px-American_Libertarianism_Flags_Symbol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/American_Libertarianism_Flags_Symbol.svg/240px-American_Libertarianism_Flags_Symbol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="520" data-file-height="292" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent; border-top:1px solid #AAA; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Schools</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agorism" class="mw-redirect" title="Agorism">Agorism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarcho-capitalism" title="Anarcho-capitalism">Anarcho-capitalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austrian_School" class="mw-redirect" title="Austrian School">Austro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autarchism" title="Autarchism">Autarchism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neoclassical_liberalism#Bleeding-Heart_Libertarians" title="Neoclassical liberalism">Bleeding-heart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_libertarianism" title="Christian libertarianism">Christian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consequentialist_libertarianism" title="Consequentialist libertarianism">Consequentialist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Individualist_feminism" title="Individualist feminism">Feminist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fusionism" title="Fusionism">Fusionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geolibertarianism" title="Geolibertarianism">Geo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_libertarianism" title="Green libertarianism">Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Market_anarchism" title="Market anarchism">Market anarchism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Night-watchman_state" title="Night-watchman state">Minarchism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natural-rights_libertarianism" title="Natural-rights libertarianism">Natural-rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neo-libertarianism" title="Neo-libertarianism">Neo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paleolibertarianism" title="Paleolibertarianism">Paleo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panarchy_(political_philosophy)" class="mw-redirect" title="Panarchy (political philosophy)">Panarchism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_paternalism" title="Libertarian paternalism">Paternalist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Propertarianism" title="Propertarianism">Propertarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technolibertarianism" title="Technolibertarianism">Techno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transhumanist_politics#Libertarian_transhumanism" title="Transhumanist politics">Transhumanist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voluntaryism" title="Voluntaryism">Voluntaryism</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent; border-top:1px solid #AAA; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Principles</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-imperialism" title="Anti-imperialism">Anti-imperialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civil_libertarianism" title="Civil libertarianism">Civil libertarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitutionalism" title="Constitutionalism">Constitutionalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Counter-economics" title="Counter-economics">Counter-economics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Decentralization" title="Decentralization">Decentralization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Departurism" title="Departurism">Departurism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_freedom" title="Economic freedom">Economic freedom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evictionism" title="Evictionism">Evictionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_banking" title="Free banking">Free banking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_market" title="Free market">Free market</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free-market_environmentalism" title="Free-market environmentalism">Free-market environmentalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_migration" title="Free migration">Free migration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_trade" title="Free trade">Free trade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_will" title="Free will">Free will</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_association" title="Freedom of association">Freedom of association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_contract" title="Freedom of contract">Freedom of contract</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_speech" title="Freedom of speech">Freedom of speech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homestead_principle" title="Homestead principle">Homestead principle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Individuality" class="mw-redirect" title="Individuality">Individuality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Individualism" title="Individualism">Individualism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberty" title="Liberty">Liberty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limited_government" title="Limited government">Limited government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Localism_(politics)" title="Localism (politics)">Localism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marriage_privatization" title="Marriage privatization">Marriage privatization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natural_rights_and_legal_rights" title="Natural rights and legal rights">Natural rights and legal rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-aggression_principle" title="Non-aggression principle">Non-aggression principle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-interventionism" title="Non-interventionism">Non-interventionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-politics" class="mw-redirect" title="Non-politics">Non-politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-voting" class="mw-redirect" title="Non-voting">Non-voting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_border" title="Open border">Open border</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polycentric_law" title="Polycentric law">Polycentric law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Private_defense_agency" title="Private defense agency">Private defense agency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Private_property" title="Private property">Private property</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_choice_theory" class="mw-redirect" title="Public choice theory">Public choice theory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Restorative_justice" title="Restorative justice">Restorative justice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Right_to_bear_arms" class="mw-redirect" title="Right to bear arms">Right to bear arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Right_to_privacy" title="Right to privacy">Right to privacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rugged_Individualism" class="mw-redirect" title="Rugged Individualism">Rugged Individualism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-ownership" title="Self-ownership">Self-ownership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Single_tax" title="Single tax">Single tax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Small_government" class="mw-redirect" title="Small government">Small government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spontaneous_order" title="Spontaneous order">Spontaneous order</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stateless_society" title="Stateless society">Stateless society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tax_resistance" title="Tax resistance">Tax resistance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Title-transfer_theory_of_contract" title="Title-transfer theory of contract">Title-transfer theory of contract</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voluntary_association" title="Voluntary association">Voluntary association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voluntary_society" title="Voluntary society">Voluntary society</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent; border-top:1px solid #AAA; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">History</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Age_of_Enlightenment" title="Age of Enlightenment">Age of Enlightenment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abolitionism_in_the_United_States" title="Abolitionism in the United States">Abolitionism in the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classical_liberalism" title="Classical liberalism">Classical liberalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Federalism" title="Anti-Federalism">Anti-Federalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transcendentalism" title="Transcendentalism">Transcendentalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Individualist_anarchism_in_the_United_States" title="Individualist anarchism in the United States">Individualist anarchism in the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Right_(United_States)" title="Old Right (United States)">Old Right</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Left" title="New Left">New Left</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_School" class="mw-redirect" title="Freedom School">Freedom School</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent; border-top:1px solid #AAA; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Economics</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Austrian_School" class="mw-redirect" title="Austrian School">Austrian School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_liberalism" title="Economic liberalism">Economic liberalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiscal_conservatism" title="Fiscal conservatism">Fiscal conservatism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgism" title="Georgism">Georgism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laissez-faire" title="Laissez-faire">Laissez-faire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neoliberalism" title="Neoliberalism">Neoliberalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supply-side_economics" title="Supply-side economics">Supply-side economics</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent; border-top:1px solid #AAA; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Intellectuals</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Pearl_Andrews" title="Stephen Pearl Andrews">Andrews</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Randy_Barnett" title="Randy Barnett">Barnett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Block" title="Walter Block">Block</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jason_Brennan" title="Jason Brennan">Brennan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bryan_Caplan" title="Bryan Caplan">Caplan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kevin_Carson" title="Kevin Carson">Carson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gary_Chartier" title="Gary Chartier">Chartier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Chodorov" title="Frank Chodorov">Chodorov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Ebeling" title="Richard Ebeling">Ebeling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Epstein" title="Richard Epstein">Epstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Franklin" title="Benjamin Franklin">Franklin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_D._Friedman" title="David D. Friedman">D. Friedman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milton_Friedman" title="Milton Friedman">M. Friedman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patri_Friedman" title="Patri Friedman">P. Friedman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rose_Friedman" title="Rose Friedman">R. Friedman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Joseph_Galambos" title="Andrew Joseph Galambos">Galambos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garet_Garrett" title="Garet Garrett">Garrett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_George" title="Henry George">George</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G._Edward_Griffin" title="G. Edward Griffin">Griffin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Gordon_(philosopher)" title="David Gordon (philosopher)">Gordon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F._A._Harper" title="F. A. Harper">Harper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Hazlitt" title="Henry Hazlitt">Hazlitt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_A._Heinlein" title="Robert A. Heinlein">Heinlein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Hess" title="Karl Hess">Hess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans-Hermann_Hoppe" title="Hans-Hermann Hoppe">Hoppe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Hospers" title="John Hospers">Hospers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Huemer" title="Michael Huemer">Huemer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson" title="Thomas Jefferson">Jefferson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephan_Kinsella" title="Stephan Kinsella">Kinsella</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Edward_Konkin_III" title="Samuel Edward Konkin III">Konkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rose_Wilder_Lane" title="Rose Wilder Lane">R. Lane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_LeFevre" title="Robert LeFevre">LeFevre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tibor_Machan" title="Tibor Machan">Machan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H._L._Mencken" title="H. L. Mencken">Mencken</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Menger" title="Karl Menger">Menger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ludwig_von_Mises" title="Ludwig von Mises">Mises</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Jay_Nock" title="Albert Jay Nock">Nock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Nozick" title="Robert Nozick">Nozick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isabel_Paterson" title="Isabel Paterson">Paterson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ayn_Rand" title="Ayn Rand">Rand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonard_Read" title="Leonard Read">Read</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_A._Robertson" title="John A. Robertson">Robertson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lew_Rockwell" title="Lew Rockwell">Rockwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murray_Rothbard" title="Murray Rothbard">Rothbard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L._K._Samuels" title="L. K. Samuels">Samuels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._Neil_Schulman" title="J. Neil Schulman">Schulman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chris_Matthew_Sciabarra" title="Chris Matthew Sciabarra">Sciabarra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_C._Scott" title="James C. Scott">Scott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Skousen" title="Mark Skousen">Skousen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_H._Smith" title="George H. Smith">Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilya_Somin" title="Ilya Somin">Somin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Sowell" title="Thomas Sowell">Sowell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antony_C._Sutton" title="Antony C. Sutton">Sutton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Szasz" title="Thomas Szasz">Szasz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Thiel" title="Peter Thiel">Thiel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_David_Thoreau" title="Henry David Thoreau">Thoreau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Tucker" title="Benjamin Tucker">Tucker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugene_Volokh" title="Eugene Volokh">Volokh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laura_Ingalls_Wilder" title="Laura Ingalls Wilder">Wilder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_E._Williams" title="Walter E. Williams">Williams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clyde_N._Wilson" title="Clyde N. Wilson">Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtis_Yarvin" title="Curtis Yarvin">Yarvin</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent; border-top:1px solid #AAA; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Commentators</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Chamberlain_(journalist)" title="John Chamberlain (journalist)">Chamberlain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nick_Gillespie" title="Nick Gillespie">Gillespie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greg_Gutfeld" title="Greg Gutfeld">Gutfeld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alex_Jones" title="Alex Jones">Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wendy_McElroy" title="Wendy McElroy">McElroy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tim_Miller_(political_strategist)" title="Tim Miller (political strategist)">Miller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virginia_Postrel" title="Virginia Postrel">Postrel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Pugsley" title="John Pugsley">Pugsley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Rogan" title="Joe Rogan">Rogan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dave_Smith_(comedian)" title="Dave Smith (comedian)">Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robby_Soave" title="Robby Soave">Soave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Stone" title="Roger Stone">Stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Stossel" title="John Stossel">Stossel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matt_Welch" title="Matt Welch">Welch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Will" title="George Will">Will</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Woods" title="Tom Woods">Woods</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent; border-top:1px solid #AAA; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Politicians</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Justin_Amash" title="Justin Amash">Amash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marshall_Burt" title="Marshall Burt">Burt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grover_Cleveland" title="Grover Cleveland">Cleveland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calvin_Coolidge" title="Calvin Coolidge">Coolidge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gary_Johnson" title="Gary Johnson">Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jo_Jorgensen" title="Jo Jorgensen">Jorgensen</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Massie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_McAfee" title="John McAfee">McAfee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Nolan_(politician)" title="David Nolan (politician)">Nolan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chase_Oliver" title="Chase Oliver">Oliver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ron_Paul" title="Ron Paul">Paul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Sarwark" title="Nicholas Sarwark">Sarwark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesse_Ventura" title="Jesse Ventura">Ventura</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent; border-top:1px solid #AAA; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Issues</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_perspectives_on_abortion" title="Libertarian perspectives on abortion">Abortion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_perspectives_on_capital_punishment" title="Libertarian perspectives on capital punishment">Capital punishment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_libertarianism" title="Criticism of libertarianism">Criticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_perspectives_on_foreign_intervention" title="Libertarian perspectives on foreign intervention">Foreign affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_perspectives_on_immigration" title="Libertarian perspectives on immigration">Immigration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_perspectives_on_intellectual_property" title="Libertarian perspectives on intellectual property">Intellectual property</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Debates_within_libertarianism" title="Debates within libertarianism">Internal debates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_perspectives_on_LGBT_rights" title="Libertarian perspectives on LGBT rights">LGBT rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Objectivism_and_libertarianism" title="Objectivism and libertarianism">Objectivism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_libertarian_political_parties" title="List of libertarian political parties">Political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_perspectives_on_political_alliances" title="Libertarian perspectives on political alliances">Politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarcho-capitalism_and_minarchism" class="mw-redirect" title="Anarcho-capitalism and minarchism">State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_theories_of_law" title="Libertarian theories of law">Theories of law</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent; border-top:1px solid #AAA; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Culture</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Come_and_take_it" title="Come and take it">Come and take it</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gadsden_flag" title="Gadsden flag">Gadsden flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ben_Garrison" title="Ben Garrison">Ben Garrison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_science_fiction" title="Libertarian science fiction">Libertarian science fiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ron_Swanson" title="Ron Swanson">Ron Swanson</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent; border-top:1px solid #AAA; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Organizations</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cato_Institute" title="Cato Institute">Cato Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federalist_Society" title="Federalist Society">Federalist Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_State_Project" title="Free State Project">Free State Project</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foundation_for_Economic_Education" title="Foundation for Economic Education">Foundation for Economic Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Alliance_of_Libertarian_Parties" title="International Alliance of Libertarian Parties">International Alliance of Libertarian Parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Party_(United_States)" title="Libertarian Party (United States)">Libertarian Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberty_International_(organization)" title="Liberty International (organization)">Liberty International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mises_Institute" title="Mises Institute">Mises Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reason_Foundation" title="Reason Foundation">Reason Foundation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Reason_(magazine)" title="Reason (magazine)">Reason (magazine)</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Students_for_a_Democratic_Society" title="Students for a Democratic Society">Students for a Democratic Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Students_for_Liberty" title="Students for Liberty">Students for Liberty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Young_Americans_for_Liberty" title="Young Americans for Liberty">Young Americans for Liberty</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent; border-top:1px solid #AAA; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Literature</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Anarchist_Cookbook" title="The Anarchist Cookbook">The Anarchist Cookbook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchy,_State,_and_Utopia" title="Anarchy, State, and Utopia">Anarchy, State, and Utopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Betrayal_of_the_American_Right" title="The Betrayal of the American Right">The Betrayal of the American Right</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Case_Against_Education" title="The Case Against Education">The Case Against Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civil_Disobedience_(Thoreau)" title="Civil Disobedience (Thoreau)">Civil Disobedience</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conceived_in_Liberty" title="Conceived in Liberty">Conceived in Liberty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G._Edward_Griffin#The_Creature_from_Jekyll_Island" title="G. Edward Griffin">The Creature from Jekyll Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defending_the_Undefendable" title="Defending the Undefendable">Defending the Undefendable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Discovery_of_Freedom" class="mw-redirect" title="The Discovery of Freedom">The Discovery of Freedom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/End_the_Fed" title="End the Fed">End the Fed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Ethics_of_Liberty" title="The Ethics of Liberty">The Ethics of Liberty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/For_a_New_Liberty" title="For a New Liberty">For a New Liberty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_to_Choose" title="Free to Choose">Free to Choose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Future_and_Its_Enemies" title="The Future and Its Enemies">The Future and Its Enemies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_God_of_the_Machine" title="The God of the Machine">The God of the Machine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberty_(1881%E2%80%931908)" class="mw-redirect" title="Liberty (1881–1908)">Liberty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Machinery_of_Freedom" title="The Machinery of Freedom">The Machinery of Freedom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Man,_Economy_and_State" class="mw-redirect" title="Man, Economy and State">Man, Economy and State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Moon_is_a_Harsh_Mistress" class="mw-redirect" title="The Moon is a Harsh Mistress">The Moon is a Harsh Mistress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Mainspring_of_Human_Progress" title="The Mainspring of Human Progress">The Mainspring of Human Progress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Market_for_Liberty" title="The Market for Liberty">The Market for Liberty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Myth_of_the_Rational_Voter" title="The Myth of the Rational Voter">The Myth of the Rational Voter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No,_They_Can%27t" title="No, They Can't">No, They Can't</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No_Treason" title="No Treason">No Treason</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Libertarian_Manifesto" class="mw-redirect" title="New Libertarian Manifesto">New Libertarian Manifesto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Enemy,_the_State" title="Our Enemy, the State">Our Enemy, the State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Problem_of_Political_Authority" title="The Problem of Political Authority">The Problem of Political Authority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progress_and_Poverty" title="Progress and Poverty">Progress and Poverty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protection_or_Free_Trade" title="Protection or Free Trade">Protection or Free Trade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radicals_for_Capitalism" title="Radicals for Capitalism">Radicals for Capitalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seeing_Like_a_State" title="Seeing Like a State">Seeing Like a State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/To_Serve_and_Protect_(book)" title="To Serve and Protect (book)">To Serve and Protect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Unconstitutionality_of_Slavery" title="The Unconstitutionality of Slavery">The Unconstitutionality of Slavery</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent; border-top:1px solid #AAA; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">See also</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_militia_movement" title="American militia movement">American militia movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boogaloo_movement" title="Boogaloo movement">Boogaloo movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservatism_in_the_United_States" title="Conservatism in the United States">Conservatism in the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tyler_Cowen" title="Tyler Cowen">Cowen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dark_Enlightenment" title="Dark Enlightenment">Dark Enlightenment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kane_(wrestler)" title="Kane (wrestler)">Jacobs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penn_Jillette" title="Penn Jillette">Jillette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Koch" title="Charles Koch">Koch (Charles)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Koch" title="David Koch">Koch (David)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Left-libertarianism" title="Left-libertarianism">Left-libertarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_in_the_United_States" title="Liberalism in the United States">Liberalism in the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_conservatism" title="Libertarian conservatism">Libertarian conservatism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Democrat" title="Libertarian Democrat">Libertarian Democrat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Republican" title="Libertarian Republican">Libertarian Republican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_socialism" title="Libertarian socialism">Libertarian socialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libertarianism_in_Hong_Kong" class="mw-redirect" title="Libertarianism in Hong Kong">Libertarianism in Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libertarianism_in_South_Africa" title="Libertarianism in South Africa">Libertarianism in South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libertarianism_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Libertarianism in the United Kingdom">Libertarianism in the United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Right" title="New Right">New Right</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Objectivism" title="Objectivism">Objectivism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/On_Democracy_in_America" class="mw-redirect" title="On Democracy in America">On Democracy in America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_libertarianism" title="Outline of libertarianism">Outline of libertarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erik_Prince" title="Erik Prince">Prince</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Napolitano" title="Andrew Napolitano">Napolitano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Right-libertarianism" title="Right-libertarianism">Right-libertarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sovereign_citizen_movement" title="Sovereign citizen movement">Sovereign citizen movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lysander_Spooner" title="Lysander Spooner">Spooner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nassim_Nicholas_Taleb" title="Nassim Nicholas Taleb">Taleb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teller_(magician)" title="Teller (magician)">Teller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Anton_Wilson" title="Robert Anton Wilson">Wilson</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below plainlist" style="padding-bottom:0.22em; border-top:1px solid #AAA; border-bottom:1px solid #AAA"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/File:Yellow_flag_waving.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Yellow_flag_waving.svg/15px-Yellow_flag_waving.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Yellow_flag_waving.svg/22px-Yellow_flag_waving.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Yellow_flag_waving.svg/30px-Yellow_flag_waving.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="249" data-file-height="268" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Liberalism" title="Portal:Liberalism">Liberalism portal</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/DodgerBlue_flag_waving.svg/15px-DodgerBlue_flag_waving.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/DodgerBlue_flag_waving.svg/22px-DodgerBlue_flag_waving.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/DodgerBlue_flag_waving.svg/30px-DodgerBlue_flag_waving.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="249" data-file-height="268" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Conservatism" title="Portal:Conservatism">Conservatism portal</a></li> <li><img alt="diagram" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Libertarianism-groups-diagram.png/16px-Libertarianism-groups-diagram.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Libertarianism-groups-diagram.png/24px-Libertarianism-groups-diagram.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Libertarianism-groups-diagram.png/32px-Libertarianism-groups-diagram.png 2x" data-file-width="647" data-file-height="647" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Libertarianism" title="Portal:Libertarianism">Libertarianism portal</a></li> <li><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/16px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/24px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:United_States" title="Portal:United States">United States portal</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Libertarianism_US" title="Template:Libertarianism US"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Libertarianism_US" title="Template talk:Libertarianism US"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Libertarianism_US" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Libertarianism US"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> Thomas Harold Massie (born January 13, 1971) is an American politician. A member of the <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_of_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Republican Party of the United States">Republican Party</a>, Massie has been the <a href="/wiki/United_States_representative" class="mw-redirect" title="United States representative">United States representative</a> for <a href="/wiki/Kentucky%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Kentucky's 4th congressional district">Kentucky's 4th congressional district</a> since 2012. The district covers much of northeastern Kentucky, but is dominated by the Kentucky side of the <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Cincinnati area">Cincinnati area</a> and <a href="/wiki/Louisville,_Kentucky" title="Louisville, Kentucky">Louisville</a>'s eastern suburbs. Before joining Congress, Massie was <a href="/wiki/Judge-executive" class="mw-redirect" title="Judge-executive">judge-executive</a> of <a href="/wiki/Lewis_County,_Kentucky" title="Lewis County, Kentucky">Lewis County, Kentucky</a>, from 2011 to 2012. He also founded a startup company based in <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a>, where he previously studied at the <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology" title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">Massachusetts Institute of Technology</a>.<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a> Massie has been described as a <a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Republican" title="Libertarian Republican">libertarian Republican</a> and a member of the <a href="/wiki/Tea_Party_movement" title="Tea Party movement">Tea Party movement</a>, which backed his candidacy for Congress in 2012.<a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-tea_party-4">[4]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life,_education,_and_business_career">Early life, education, and business career</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Massie&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life, education, and business career">edit</a>]</div> Massie was born in <a href="/wiki/Huntington,_West_Virginia" title="Huntington, West Virginia">Huntington, West Virginia</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:4-5">[5]</a> He grew up in <a href="/wiki/Vanceburg,_Kentucky" title="Vanceburg, Kentucky">Vanceburg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky">Kentucky</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:4-5">[5]</a> He met his wife, Rhonda, at <a href="/wiki/Lewis_County_High_School_(Vanceburg,_Kentucky)" title="Lewis County High School (Vanceburg, Kentucky)">Lewis County High School</a> in Vanceburg.<a href="#cite_note-:4-5">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a> His father was a beer distributor.<a href="#cite_note-:4-5">[5]</a> Massie earned a <a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Science" title="Bachelor of Science">Bachelor of Science</a> degree in <a href="/wiki/Electrical_engineering" title="Electrical engineering">electrical engineering</a> and a <a href="/wiki/Master_of_Science" title="Master of Science">master of science</a> degree in <a href="/wiki/Mechanical_engineering" title="Mechanical engineering">mechanical engineering</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology" title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">Massachusetts Institute of Technology</a> (MIT).<a href="#cite_note-MITlem00-7">[7]</a> He participated in the MIT Solar Car Club, which took second place behind a Swiss team in the Solar and Electric 500 at the <a href="/wiki/Phoenix_International_Raceway" class="mw-redirect" title="Phoenix International Raceway">Phoenix International Raceway</a> in 1991.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] In 1992, Massie won MIT's then-named 2.70 ("Introduction to Design and Manufacturing", now named 2.007) Design Competition.<a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a> MIT professor <a href="/wiki/Woodie_Flowers" title="Woodie Flowers">Woodie Flowers</a>, who pioneered the 2.70 contest, mentioned that Massie watched this contest on television in seventh grade and wanted to come to MIT to win it.<a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a> In 1993, Massie and his wife founded a company, SensAble Devices Inc., that allowed users to feel digital objects that appeared on a screen.<a href="#cite_note-money00-10">[10]</a><a href="#cite_note-xconomy-11">[11]</a> He completed his bachelor's degree the same year and wrote his thesis, Design of a three-degree of freedom force-reflecting haptic interface.<a href="#cite_note-nky-12">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a> In 1995, Massie won the $30,000 <a href="/wiki/Lemelson-MIT_Prize" class="mw-redirect" title="Lemelson-MIT Prize">Lemelson-MIT Student Prize</a> for inventors<a href="#cite_note-MITlem00-7">[7]</a> and the $10,000 David and Lindsay Morgenthaler Grand Prize in the sixth annual MIT $10K Entrepreneurial Business Plan Competition.<a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a> In 1996, his company was reincorporated as SensAble Technologies, Inc., after partner Bill Aulet joined.<a href="#cite_note-money00-10">[10]</a> He raised $32 million of <a href="/wiki/Venture_capital" title="Venture capital">venture capital</a>, employed 70 people, and obtained 24 patents during his time at the company,<a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a> which he sold in 2003.<a href="#cite_note-xconomy-11">[11]</a> In 1996, Massie completed a Master of Science degree (SM) with his thesis, "Initial haptic explorations with the phantom: virtual touch through point interaction".<a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lewis_County_Judge_Executive">Lewis County Judge Executive</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Massie&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Lewis County Judge Executive">edit</a>]</div> In 2010, Massie ran for <a href="/wiki/Judge_Executive" class="mw-redirect" title="Judge Executive">Judge Executive</a> of Lewis County.<a href="#cite_note-nky-12">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a> He won the primary election, defeating the incumbent by a large margin,<a href="#cite_note-nky-12">[12]</a> and then beat the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> nominee by nearly 40 points.<a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a> Massie also campaigned for then–<a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">U.S. Senate</a> candidate <a href="/wiki/Rand_Paul" title="Rand Paul">Rand Paul</a>, speaking to various Tea Party groups on his behalf.<a href="#cite_note-nky-12">[12]</a> Massie resigned as Lewis County Judge-Executive effective July 1, 2012.<a href="#cite_note-resign-19">[19]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="U.S._House_of_Representatives">U.S. House of Representatives</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Massie&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: U.S. House of Representatives">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Elections">Elections</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Massie&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Elections">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="2012">2012</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Massie&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: 2012">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/2012_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Kentucky#District_4" title="2012 United States House of Representatives elections in Kentucky">2012 United States House of Representatives elections in Kentucky § District 4</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2012_Kentucky%27s_4th_congressional_district_Republican_primary_election_results_map_by_county.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/2012_Kentucky%27s_4th_congressional_district_Republican_primary_election_results_map_by_county.svg/220px-2012_Kentucky%27s_4th_congressional_district_Republican_primary_election_results_map_by_county.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="111" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/2012_Kentucky%27s_4th_congressional_district_Republican_primary_election_results_map_by_county.svg/330px-2012_Kentucky%27s_4th_congressional_district_Republican_primary_election_results_map_by_county.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/2012_Kentucky%27s_4th_congressional_district_Republican_primary_election_results_map_by_county.svg/440px-2012_Kentucky%27s_4th_congressional_district_Republican_primary_election_results_map_by_county.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="326" data-file-height="164" /></a><figcaption>Results of the primary by county. Red indicates a county won by Massie.</figcaption></figure> In December 2011, Congressman <a href="/wiki/Geoff_Davis" title="Geoff Davis">Geoff Davis</a> announced his decision to retire from his seat in <a href="/wiki/Kentucky%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Kentucky's 4th congressional district">Kentucky's 4th congressional district</a>. Massie announced his candidacy on January 10, 2012.<a href="#cite_note-ap-20">[20]</a> He was endorsed by Senator Paul<a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a><a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a> and Texas Congressman <a href="/wiki/Ron_Paul" title="Ron Paul">Ron Paul</a>.<a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a><a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a> He was also endorsed by <a href="/wiki/FreedomWorks" title="FreedomWorks">FreedomWorks</a>,<a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a> <a href="/wiki/Club_for_Growth" title="Club for Growth">Club for Growth</a>,<a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a><a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a> <a href="/wiki/Gun_Owners_of_America" title="Gun Owners of America">Gun Owners of America</a>,<a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Young_Americans_for_Liberty" title="Young Americans for Liberty">Young Americans for Liberty</a>.<a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a> On May 22, 2012, Massie won the Republican nomination, beating his closest opponents, State Representative <a href="/wiki/Alecia_Webb-Edgington" title="Alecia Webb-Edgington">Alecia Webb-Edgington</a> and <a href="/wiki/Boone_County,_Kentucky" title="Boone County, Kentucky">Boone County</a> Judge Executive Gary Moore, by a double-digit margin.<a href="#cite_note-win-30">[30]</a><a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a> In his victory speech, Massie thanked "the Tea Party, the liberty movement, and grassroots <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a> Republicans".<a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a> He faced Democratic nominee Bill Adkins in the general election, and was expected to win the election by a wide margin.<a href="#cite_note-win-30">[30]</a><a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a> Massie resigned as Lewis County Judge-Executive effective July 1, 2012, to focus on his campaign for Congress and allow an election to be immediately held in order to replace him.<a href="#cite_note-resign-19">[19]</a> He was succeeded by Deputy Lewis County Judge-Executive John Patrick Collins, who was appointed temporarily by Governor <a href="/wiki/Steve_Beshear" title="Steve Beshear">Steve Beshear</a>.<a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a> On July 31, 2012, Congressman Geoff Davis resigned from office, citing a family health issue for his abrupt departure.<a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a> On August 1, 2012, the Republican Party committee for Kentucky's 4th Congressional district voted unanimously to endorse Massie as the party's nominee once a special election was called.<a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a> Beshear called a special election to take place on the same day as the general election, November 6.<a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a> This meant Massie ran in two separate elections on the same day – a special election for the right to serve the final two months of Davis's fourth term (within the lines that had been drawn after the 2000 Census), and a regular election for a full two-year term (within the lines that had been drawn for the 2010 census).<a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a> On November 6, Massie won both elections by a wide margin.<a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tenure">Tenure</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Massie&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Tenure">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Thomas_Massie_ceremonial_swearing-in_2012-11-13.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Thomas_Massie_ceremonial_swearing-in_2012-11-13.jpg/220px-Thomas_Massie_ceremonial_swearing-in_2012-11-13.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Thomas_Massie_ceremonial_swearing-in_2012-11-13.jpg/330px-Thomas_Massie_ceremonial_swearing-in_2012-11-13.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Thomas_Massie_ceremonial_swearing-in_2012-11-13.jpg/440px-Thomas_Massie_ceremonial_swearing-in_2012-11-13.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4256" data-file-height="2832" /></a><figcaption>Massie being sworn into office by Speaker of the House <a href="/wiki/John_Boehner" title="John Boehner">John Boehner</a> on November 13, 2012.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Thomas_Massie_(9912282126).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Thomas_Massie_%289912282126%29.jpg/220px-Thomas_Massie_%289912282126%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Thomas_Massie_%289912282126%29.jpg/330px-Thomas_Massie_%289912282126%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Thomas_Massie_%289912282126%29.jpg/440px-Thomas_Massie_%289912282126%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4752" data-file-height="3168" /></a><figcaption>Massie speaking at the 2013 <a href="/wiki/Liberty_Political_Action_Conference" title="Liberty Political Action Conference">Liberty Political Action Conference</a> (LPAC)</figcaption></figure> Massie was sworn in for the balance of Davis's term on November 13, 2012.<a href="#cite_note-assumedoffice-40">[40]</a> He thus gained two months' seniority on the rest of the 2012 House freshman class. As a measure of how much the Cincinnati suburbs have dominated the district, he became the first congressman from the district's eastern portion in 45 years. Upon arriving in Congress he was assigned to serve on three committees: <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Committee_on_Transportation_and_Infrastructure" title="United States House Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure">Transportation and Infrastructure</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Committee_on_Oversight_and_Government_Reform" class="mw-redirect" title="United States House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform">Oversight and Government Reform</a>, and <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Committee_on_Science,_Space_and_Technology" class="mw-redirect" title="United States House Committee on Science, Space and Technology">Science, Space and Technology</a>.<a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a> He later became chair of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Science_Subcommittee_on_Technology_and_Innovation" class="mw-redirect" title="United States House Science Subcommittee on Technology and Innovation">Subcommittee on Technology and Innovation</a>, replacing outgoing chair <a href="/wiki/Ben_Quayle" title="Ben Quayle">Ben Quayle</a>.<a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a> Massie broke from the majority of his party by opposing the reelection of <a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Speaker of the United States House of Representatives">Speaker of the House</a> <a href="/wiki/John_Boehner" title="John Boehner">John Boehner</a>, instead casting his vote for <a href="/wiki/Justin_Amash" title="Justin Amash">Justin Amash</a> of Michigan.<a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a> In May 2013, he voted against the <a href="/wiki/Stolen_Valor_Act_of_2013" title="Stolen Valor Act of 2013">Stolen Valor Act of 2013</a>, which passed 390–3.<a href="#cite_note-deirdreshesgreen,usatoday-44">[44]</a> In December 2013, he was the only congressman to vote against the <a href="/wiki/Undetectable_Firearms_Act" title="Undetectable Firearms Act">Undetectable Firearms Act</a>.<a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a> In March 2014, Massie voted against a bill to name <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a> an American strategic partner. Massie voted no because the bill would have subsidized <a href="/wiki/Green_energy" class="mw-redirect" title="Green energy">green energy</a> companies in Israel. He said he would not support subsidies for American green energy companies, let alone foreign ones.<a href="#cite_note-deirdreshesgreen,usatoday-44">[44]</a> The bill passed by a margin of 410–1.<a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a> In May 2014, Massie objected to a <a href="/wiki/Voice_vote" title="Voice vote">voice vote</a> to award golf star <a href="/wiki/Jack_Nicklaus" title="Jack Nicklaus">Jack Nicklaus</a> a gold medal recognizing his "service to the nation", and demanded a <a href="/wiki/Roll_call_vote" class="mw-redirect" title="Roll call vote">roll call vote</a>.<a href="#cite_note-deirdreshesgreen,usatoday-44">[44]</a> The vote passed easily, 371–10.<a href="#cite_note-deirdreshesgreen,usatoday-44">[44]</a> Through mid-June 2014, Massie had voted "no" at least 324 times in the 113th Congress – opposing one of every three measures that came to the House floor. <a href="/wiki/Politico" title="Politico">Politico</a> named him "Mr. No".<a href="#cite_note-deirdreshesgreen,usatoday-44">[44]</a> In 2015, Massie was the sole member of the House to vote "present" on the <a href="/wiki/Joint_Comprehensive_Plan_of_Action" title="Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action">Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action</a>, also known as the Iran nuclear agreement, citing Constitutional concerns that the treaties are not ratified by the House of Representatives and that he had no authority to vote for or against the nuclear deal.<a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a><a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a> In November 2016, he voted against an extension of <a href="/wiki/U.S._sanctions_against_Iran" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. sanctions against Iran">U.S. sanctions against Iran</a>, the only member of the House to do so.<a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a> In February 2017, Massie introduced a one-page bill that would abolish the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Education" title="United States Department of Education">United States Department of Education</a>,<a href="#cite_note-:0-50">[50]</a> and cosponsored a bill that would abolish the <a href="/wiki/Environmental_Protection_Agency" class="mw-redirect" title="Environmental Protection Agency">Environmental Protection Agency</a>.<a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a> In April 2017, he expressed skepticism over the role of <a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syrian</a> president <a href="/wiki/Bashar_al-Assad" title="Bashar al-Assad">Bashar al-Assad</a> in the <a href="/wiki/2017_Khan_Shaykhun_chemical_attack" class="mw-redirect" title="2017 Khan Shaykhun chemical attack">2017 Khan Shaykhun chemical attack</a>.<a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a> In May 2017, he was the sole House member to vote against sanctions on <a href="/wiki/North_Korea" title="North Korea">North Korea</a>.<a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a> In July 2017, Massie joined Representatives Amash and <a href="/wiki/John_Duncan_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="John Duncan Jr.">John Duncan Jr.</a>, and Senators <a href="/wiki/Rand_Paul" title="Rand Paul">Rand Paul</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bernie_Sanders" title="Bernie Sanders">Bernie Sanders</a> in opposing a bill to impose new economic sanctions against Russia, Iran, and North Korea. President <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a> opposed the bill, arguing that relations with Russia were already "at an all-time and dangerous low". He did, however, sign the bill.<a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a> On December 29, 2017, Massie voted for the <a href="/wiki/Tax_Cuts_and_Jobs_Act_of_2017" class="mw-redirect" title="Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017">Tax Cuts and Jobs Act</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Almukhtar-55">[55]</a> Before voting, he said he would support the bill to cut taxes, but that he would oppose "new government spending," despite the $1.5 trillion estimated to be added to the <a href="/wiki/National_debt" class="mw-redirect" title="National debt">national debt</a> according to the <a href="/wiki/Congressional_Budget_Office" title="Congressional Budget Office">Congressional Budget Office</a> in the wake of the bill being passed.<a href="#cite_note-Marcos111617-56">[56]</a><a href="#cite_note-Ydstie111017-57">[57]</a> In October 2018, Massie spoke at the <a href="/wiki/John_Birch_Society" title="John Birch Society">John Birch Society</a>’s 60th anniversary celebration. He talked about government corruption and spoke out against the advisability of an <a href="/wiki/Convention_to_propose_amendments_to_the_United_States_Constitution" title="Convention to propose amendments to the United States Constitution">Article V Convention</a> to amend the Constitution.<a href="#cite_note-Soellner_Post-Crescent_2018-58">[58]</a><a href="#cite_note-59">[59]</a> On March 26, 2019, Massie was one of 14 Republicans to vote with all House Democrats to override Trump's veto of a measure unwinding Trump's declaration of a national emergency at the southern border.<a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a> In 2019, Massie signed a letter to Trump led by Representative <a href="/wiki/Ro_Khanna" title="Ro Khanna">Ro Khanna</a> and Senator <a href="/wiki/Rand_Paul" title="Rand Paul">Rand Paul</a> asserting that it was "long past time to rein in the use of force that goes beyond congressional authorization" and that they hoped this would "serve as a model for ending hostilities in the future – in particular, as you and your administration seek a political solution to our involvement in Afghanistan."<a href="#cite_note-61">[61]</a><a href="#cite_note-62">[62]</a> Massie was also one of nine lawmakers to sign a letter to Trump requesting a meeting with him and urging him to sign "Senate Joint Resolution 7, which invokes the <a href="/wiki/War_Powers_Resolution" title="War Powers Resolution">War Powers Act of 1973</a> to end unauthorized US military participation in the Saudi-led coalition's armed conflict against Yemen's <a href="/wiki/Houthi_movement" title="Houthi movement">Houthi</a> forces, initiated in 2015 by the Obama administration". They asserted that the "Saudi-led coalition's imposition of an air-land-and-sea blockade as part of its war against Yemen's Houthis has continued to prevent the unimpeded distribution of these vital commodities, contributing to the suffering and death of vast numbers of civilians throughout the country" and that Trump's approval of the resolution through his signing would give a "powerful signal to the Saudi-led coalition to bring the four-year-old war to a close".<a href="#cite_note-63">[63]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Thomas_Massie_(32685197417).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Thomas_Massie_%2832685197417%29.jpg/220px-Thomas_Massie_%2832685197417%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Thomas_Massie_%2832685197417%29.jpg/330px-Thomas_Massie_%2832685197417%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Thomas_Massie_%2832685197417%29.jpg/440px-Thomas_Massie_%2832685197417%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6720" data-file-height="4480" /></a><figcaption>Massie speaking at the <a href="/wiki/Young_Americans_for_Liberty" title="Young Americans for Liberty">Young Americans for Liberty</a> convention in April 2019.</figcaption></figure> On April 10, 2019, during former <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_State" title="United States Secretary of State">United States Secretary of State</a> <a href="/wiki/John_Kerry" title="John Kerry">John Kerry</a>'s testimony to the House Oversight and Reform Committee, Massie called Kerry's <a href="/wiki/Political_science" title="Political science">political science</a> degree from <a href="/wiki/Yale_University" title="Yale University">Yale University</a> a "pseudoscience degree" and called Kerry's position on <a href="/wiki/Climate_change" title="Climate change">climate change</a> "pseudoscience." Kerry responded, "Are you serious? I mean this is really a serious happening here?"<a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a> <a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a> and <a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a> called Massie's exchange with Kerry "surreal" and "bizarre".<a href="#cite_note-:2-65">[65]</a><a href="#cite_note-:3-66">[66]</a> In July 2019, Massie was the only Republican among 17 members of Congress to vote against a House resolution opposing efforts to boycott <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a> and the Global <a href="/wiki/Boycott,_Divestment_and_Sanctions" title="Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions">Boycott, Divestment, and Sanctions</a> movement.<a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a><a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a> In November 2019, he was the sole "no" vote in Congress on the <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Human_Rights_and_Democracy_Act" title="Hong Kong Human Rights and Democracy Act">Hong Kong Human Rights and Democracy Act of 2019</a>, which he called an "escalation" with the People's Republic of China.<a href="#cite_note-69">[69]</a><a href="#cite_note-70">[70]</a><a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a> In July 2021, Massie voted against the bipartisan ALLIES Act, which would increase by 8,000 the number of <a href="/wiki/Special_Immigrant_Visa" title="Special Immigrant Visa">special immigrant visas</a> for Afghan allies of the U.S. military during <a href="/wiki/United_States_invasion_of_Afghanistan" title="United States invasion of Afghanistan">its invasion of Afghanistan</a>, while also reducing some application requirements that caused long application backlogs; the bill passed the House, 407–16.<a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a> In September 2021, he was the only Republican to vote against $1 billion of funding for Israel's <a href="/wiki/Iron_Dome" title="Iron Dome">Iron Dome</a> missile defense system.<a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a><a href="#cite_note-74">[74]</a> In May 2022, Massie was the only member of the House of Representatives to vote against a <a href="/wiki/Non-binding_resolution" title="Non-binding resolution">non-binding resolution</a> denouncing <a href="/wiki/Antisemitism" title="Antisemitism">antisemitism</a> and <a href="/wiki/Anti-Zionism" title="Anti-Zionism">opposition to Israel</a>. Massie tweeted that he voted against the bill because it promoted censorship.<a href="#cite_note-75">[75]</a> On April 16, 2024, he co-sponsored a motion to vacate filed by <a href="/wiki/Marjorie_Taylor_Greene" title="Marjorie Taylor Greene">Marjorie Taylor Greene</a> in an attempt to oust House speaker Mike Johnson.<a href="#cite_note-76">[76]</a> In July 2024, Massie co-moderated a presidential debate for third-party candidates held by the <a href="/wiki/Free_%26_Equal_Elections_Foundation" title="Free & Equal Elections Foundation">Free & Equal Elections Foundation</a>.<a href="#cite_note-77">[77]</a><a href="#cite_note-78">[78]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="COVID-19_pandemic_response">COVID-19 pandemic response</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Massie&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: COVID-19 pandemic response">edit</a>]</div> On March 27, 2020, in the midst of the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_States" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the United States">COVID-19 pandemic</a>, Massie forced the return to Washington of members of the House who were "sheltering in place" in their districts by threatening a <a href="/wiki/Quorum_call" title="Quorum call">quorum call</a> that would have required an in-person vote on the <a href="/wiki/Coronavirus_Aid,_Relief,_and_Economic_Security_Act" class="mw-redirect" title="Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act">$2.2 trillion aid package</a> that had passed the Senate by a 96–0 vote.<a href="#cite_note-:6-79">[79]</a> Before Massie arrived on the House floor, just two representatives were present to pass the bill by voice vote. On the House floor, Massie said he was trying to "make sure our republic doesn't die by unanimous consent in an empty chamber".<a href="#cite_note-:6-79">[79]</a> Massie received criticism for endangering members of Congress by requiring them to gather amid a pandemic.<a href="#cite_note-bws-politico-80">[80]</a><a href="#cite_note-ajc-darnell-81">[81]</a> After Massie's unsuccessful push, Trump said Massie should be removed from the Republican Party, calling him a "third rate [g]randstander"; <a href="/wiki/John_Kerry" title="John Kerry">John Kerry</a> quipped that he "tested positive for being an asshole"; Representative <a href="/wiki/Sean_Patrick_Maloney" title="Sean Patrick Maloney">Sean Patrick Maloney</a> tweeted, "@RepThomasMassie is indeed a dumbass"; Representative <a href="/wiki/Dean_Phillips" title="Dean Phillips">Dean Phillips</a> called his actions a "principled but terribly misguided stunt".<a href="#cite_note-coronavirus-nyt-82">[82]</a> In a phone interview with <a href="/wiki/Betsy_Woodruff_Swan" title="Betsy Woodruff Swan">Betsy Woodruff Swan</a> of <a href="/wiki/Politico" title="Politico">Politico</a>, Massie responded in jest to Trump's calls for his removal, stating "I take great offense to that. I'm at least second-rate."<a href="#cite_note-bws-politico-80">[80]</a> Some Republicans defended Massie: <a href="/wiki/Paul_Gosar" title="Paul Gosar">Paul Gosar</a> called him a "good man and a solid conservative" and <a href="/wiki/Chip_Roy" title="Chip Roy">Chip Roy</a> said Massie was "defending the Constitution today by requiring a quorum".<a href="#cite_note-coronavirus-nyt-82">[82]</a> In an interview with <a href="/wiki/Politico" title="Politico">Politico</a>, Massie said that "the fact that they brought all of these congressmen here in order to get a quorum shows you that I was right. The Constitution requires a quorum to pass a bill, and they were planning to subvert the Constitution". He also questioned why people such as grocery store employees or truck drivers should be expected to work during the pandemic, but not members of Congress, who "make $174,000 a year" and have "the best health care in the world".<a href="#cite_note-bws-politico-80">[80]</a> In April 2020, Massie was one of five House members to vote against the <a href="/wiki/Paycheck_Protection_Program_and_Health_Care_Enhancement_Act" title="Paycheck Protection Program and Health Care Enhancement Act">Paycheck Protection Program and Health Care Enhancement Act</a>, which added $320 billion of funding for the Paycheck Protection Program.<a href="#cite_note-83">[83]</a><a href="#cite_note-NBC_Congress_reaches_deal-84">[84]</a> Trump signed the bill into law the next day.<a href="#cite_note-NBC_News_Trump_signs-85">[85]</a> In July 2020, he argued against face mask mandates and compulsory vaccinations.<a href="#cite_note-86">[86]</a> He faced allegations of <a href="/wiki/Antisemitism" title="Antisemitism">antisemitism</a> after comparing vaccine mandates to the <a href="/wiki/Holocaust" class="mw-redirect" title="Holocaust">Holocaust</a> (he later deleted the tweet).<a href="#cite_note-87">[87]</a><a href="#cite_note-88">[88]</a> On January 30, 2022, Massie faced criticism for a Twitter attack on <a href="/wiki/Anthony_Fauci" title="Anthony Fauci">Anthony Fauci</a> featuring a quote by neo-Nazi <a href="/wiki/Kevin_Alfred_Strom" title="Kevin Alfred Strom">Kevin Alfred Strom</a>, believing the quote to have originated from French writer and philosopher <a href="/wiki/Voltaire" title="Voltaire">Voltaire</a>.<a href="#cite_note-89">[89]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Committee_assignments">Committee assignments</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Massie&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Committee assignments">edit</a>]</div> For the <a href="/wiki/118th_United_States_Congress" title="118th United States Congress">118th Congress</a>:<a href="#cite_note-90">[90]</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Committee_on_Rules" title="United States House Committee on Rules">Committee on Rules</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Rules_Subcommittee_on_Rules_and_the_Organization_of_the_House" title="United States House Rules Subcommittee on Rules and the Organization of the House">Subcommittee on Rules and the Organization of the House</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Committee_on_the_Judiciary" title="United States House Committee on the Judiciary">Committee on the Judiciary</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Judiciary_Subcommittee_on_Courts,_Intellectual_Property,_and_the_Internet" title="United States House Judiciary Subcommittee on Courts, Intellectual Property, and the Internet">Subcommittee on Courts, Intellectual Property, and the Internet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Judiciary_Subcommittee_on_the_Administrative_State,_Regulatory_Reform,_and_Antitrust" title="United States House Judiciary Subcommittee on the Administrative State, Regulatory Reform, and Antitrust">Subcommittee on the Administrative State, Regulatory Reform, and Antitrust</a> (Chair)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Committee_on_Transportation_and_Infrastructure" title="United States House Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure">Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Transportation_Subcommittee_on_Aviation" title="United States House Transportation Subcommittee on Aviation">Subcommittee on Aviation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Transportation_Subcommittee_on_Highways_and_Transit" title="United States House Transportation Subcommittee on Highways and Transit">Subcommittee on Highways and Transit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Transportation_Subcommittee_on_Water_Resources_and_Environment" title="United States House Transportation Subcommittee on Water Resources and Environment">Subcommittee on Water Resources and Environment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Judiciary_Select_Subcommittee_on_the_Weaponization_of_the_Federal_Government" title="United States House Judiciary Select Subcommittee on the Weaponization of the Federal Government">Select Subcommittee on the Weaponization of the Federal Government</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Caucus_memberships">Caucus memberships</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Massie&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Caucus memberships">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Second_Amendment_Caucus" title="Second Amendment Caucus">Second Amendment Caucus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberty_Caucus" title="Liberty Caucus">Liberty Caucus</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Political_positions">Political positions</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Massie&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Political positions">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-move" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Split-arrows.svg/50px-Split-arrows.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Split-arrows.svg/75px-Split-arrows.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Split-arrows.svg/100px-Split-arrows.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="60" data-file-height="20" /></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">It has been suggested that this section be <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Splitting" title="Wikipedia:Splitting">split</a> out into another article titled <a href="/w/index.php?title=Political_positions_of_Thomas_Massie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Political positions of Thomas Massie (page does not exist)">Political positions of Thomas Massie</a>. (<a href="/wiki/Talk:Thomas_Massie#Splitting_proposal" title="Talk:Thomas Massie">Discuss</a>) (June 2024)</div></td></tr></tbody></table> During the <a href="/wiki/117th_United_States_Congress" title="117th United States Congress">117th Congress</a>, Massie voted with President <a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Joe Biden</a>'s stated position 1.8% of the time according to a <a href="/wiki/FiveThirtyEight" title="FiveThirtyEight">FiveThirtyEight</a> analysis, tying with Rep. <a href="/wiki/Chip_Roy" title="Chip Roy">Chip Roy</a> (R-TX) to be the least likely member of Congress to vote with Biden on any given issue. As of January 2023<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Massie&action=edit">[update]</a>, Massie has only voted with Biden's stated position on two bills: <a href="/wiki/Repeal_of_the_2002_AUMF" title="Repeal of the 2002 AUMF">H.R.256</a> (To repeal the Authorization for Use of Military Force Against Iraq Resolution of 2002), and the first introduction of <a href="/wiki/Honoring_our_PACT_Act_of_2022" title="Honoring our PACT Act of 2022">H.R.3967</a> (the Honoring our PACT Act of 2022).<a href="#cite_note-91">[91]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Foreign_policy">Foreign policy</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Massie&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Foreign policy">edit</a>]</div> Massie has supported various efforts to scale back the use of the U.S. military abroad. He supported legislation in 2019 to repeal the <a href="/wiki/Authorization_for_Use_of_Military_Force_of_2001" title="Authorization for Use of Military Force of 2001">Authorization for Use of Military Force of 2001</a>, arguing that it is too broad and that Congress should reclaim its constitutional right to declare war.<a href="#cite_note-92">[92]</a> He also supported efforts to withdraw U.S. forces from Iraq and Afghanistan,<a href="#cite_note-93">[93]</a><a href="#cite_note-94">[94]</a><a href="#cite_note-95">[95]</a> and introduced a bill in 2019 to clarify that no authority exists for military action against Iran.<a href="#cite_note-96">[96]</a> Massie introduced legislation to stop unauthorized military operations in Egypt and Syria,<a href="#cite_note-97">[97]</a> as well as legislation blocking unauthorized military aid from being sent to Syrian rebels.<a href="#cite_note-98">[98]</a> Massie joined eight Democratic representatives in 2021 in voting against $1 billion in funding for Israel's <a href="/wiki/Iron_Dome" title="Iron Dome">Iron Dome</a> air defense system, saying that he opposed all foreign aid out of concern about the national debt.<a href="#cite_note-99">[99]</a> In 2019, he was the only Republican House member to vote against condemning the <a href="/wiki/Boycott,_Divestment_and_Sanctions" title="Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions">Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions</a> (BDS) movement.<a href="#cite_note-bds-100">[100]</a> Among other reasons that he cited for voting against the resolution, Massie stated that he does not support "federal efforts to condemn any type of private boycott, regardless of whether or not a boycott is based upon bad motives" and that "these are matters that Congress should properly leave to the States and to the people to decide".<a href="#cite_note-bds-100">[100]</a> In October 2023, Massie was the only Republican to vote against a House resolution guaranteeing U.S. support for Israel's military actions in <a href="/wiki/Gaza_Strip" title="Gaza Strip">Gaza</a>. The resolution passed 412–10.<a href="#cite_note-101">[101]</a> In November 2023, he was the only member of Congress to oppose a resolution affirming Israel's right to exist and equating anti-Zionism to antisemitism.<a href="#cite_note-102">[102]</a> Massie has been outspoken against the <a href="/wiki/AIPAC" title="AIPAC">American Israel Public Affairs Committee</a> and its <a href="/wiki/Israel_lobby_in_the_United_States" title="Israel lobby in the United States">influence on American politics</a>, and in December 2023 tweeted out a meme appearing to contrast Zionism with American patriotism.<a href="#cite_note-103">[103]</a> In May 2024, AIPAC and allied groups announced a $300,000 ad campaign targeting Massie for perceived "anti-Israel views" while not officially endorsing any primary challenger.<a href="#cite_note-104">[104]</a> Massie responded by posting a poll on <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">X</a> asking his followers whether AIPAC should be forced to <a href="/wiki/Foreign_Agents_Registration_Act" title="Foreign Agents Registration Act">register as a foreign agent</a>.<a href="#cite_note-105">[105]</a> In a June 2024 interview, he claimed that each Republican member of Congress besides himself has an "AIPAC person" that directs them to vote in line with the positions of the organization.<a href="#cite_note-106">[106]</a> In July 2024, Massie boycotted <a href="/wiki/2024_visit_by_Benjamin_Netanyahu_to_the_United_States" title="2024 visit by Benjamin Netanyahu to the United States">Benjamin Netanyahu's address to Congress</a>, calling it "political theater"; he was the only Republican to do so.<a href="#cite_note-107">[107]</a> In 2019, Massie was the only member of Congress to oppose an act that refused to recognize Russia's <a href="/wiki/Annexation_of_Crimea_by_the_Russian_Federation" title="Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation">annexation of Crimea</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:5-108">[108]</a> He was also one of three members to oppose a March 2022 resolution supporting <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a>'s sovereignty after it was <a href="/wiki/2022_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine">invaded by Russia</a>.<a href="#cite_note-109">[109]</a><a href="#cite_note-:5-108">[108]</a> He later amplified Russian claims that Ukraine was developing biological weapons. Referring to <a href="/wiki/Victoria_Nuland" title="Victoria Nuland">Victoria Nuland</a>'s statement that Ukraine had biological research facilities that the U.S. feared might be seized by Russia, Massie tweeted, "I didn’t take the concern over Ukrainian biological labs seriously ... until now."<a href="#cite_note-110">[110]</a> Massie opposed a resolution in 2022 to support Sweden and Finland joining <a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">NATO</a>, saying he did not want to "subsidize socialist Europe's defense".<a href="#cite_note-111">[111]</a> In March 2024 he voted against House Resolution 149 condemning "the wrongful and illegal kidnapping of children from Ukraine" by Russia, one of nine Republicans to do so.<a href="#cite_note-112">[112]</a> Massie voted "present" on the <a href="/wiki/Joint_Comprehensive_Plan_of_Action" title="Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action">2015 Iran nuclear agreement</a>, the only member of the House to do so and the only Republican not to vote against it.<a href="#cite_note-113">[113]</a> Massie was the only member of the House to vote against extending sanctions on Iran in 2016.<a href="#cite_note-114">[114]</a> He was also one of three House members to vote against a 2017 bill to impose new sanctions on Iran, Russia, and North Korea.<a href="#cite_note-115">[115]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Environment">Environment</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Massie&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Environment">edit</a>]</div> Massie rejects the general <a href="/wiki/Scientific_consensus_on_climate_change" title="Scientific consensus on climate change">scientific consensus on climate change</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:1-116">[116]</a> He has said, "I think the jury is still out on the contribution of our activities to the change in the earth's climate".<a href="#cite_note-:1-116">[116]</a> In 2013, he implied that cold weather undercut the argument for climate change, tweeting, "Today's Science Committee Hearing on Global Warming canceled due to snow".<a href="#cite_note-117">[117]</a> During a 2019 House Oversight Committee hearing on the <a href="/wiki/Effects_of_climate_change" title="Effects of climate change">impact of climate change</a>, Massie suggested that concerns over rising carbon dioxide levels were exaggerated.<a href="#cite_note-:2-65">[65]</a><a href="#cite_note-:3-66">[66]</a> Massie supports dismantling the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Environmental_Protection_Agency" title="United States Environmental Protection Agency">Environmental Protection Agency</a>.<a href="#cite_note-118">[118]</a> He voted to block the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Defense" title="United States Department of Defense">Department of Defense</a> from spending on <a href="/wiki/Climate_change_adaptation" title="Climate change adaptation">climate adaptation</a>.<a href="#cite_note-119">[119]</a> He voted to repeal the <a href="/wiki/Stream_Protection_Rule" title="Stream Protection Rule">Stream Protection Rule</a>, which imposed stricter requirements on coal mining to prevent coal debris from getting into waterways.<a href="#cite_note-120">[120]</a> In 2018, after French President <a href="/wiki/Emmanuel_Macron" title="Emmanuel Macron">Emmanuel Macron</a> spoke to Congress and mentioned his desire that the United States rejoin the <a href="/wiki/Paris_climate_accord" class="mw-redirect" title="Paris climate accord">Paris Climate Accords</a> to curb climate change, Massie said Macron was "a socialist militarist <a href="/wiki/Globalism" title="Globalism">globalist</a> science-alarmist. The dark future of the American Democratic Party".<a href="#cite_note-121">[121]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Government_surveillance">Government surveillance</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Massie&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Government surveillance">edit</a>]</div> Massie is a critic of the <a href="/wiki/PATRIOT_Act" class="mw-redirect" title="PATRIOT Act">PATRIOT Act</a> and warrantless surveillance of Americans.<a href="#cite_note-122">[122]</a><a href="#cite_note-123">[123]</a> In 2014, he sponsored an amendment to stop warrantless "backdoor" searches of U.S. citizens' online data; it passed the House 293–123.<a href="#cite_note-124">[124]</a><a href="#cite_note-125">[125]</a> The amendment also contained a provision prohibiting the <a href="/wiki/National_Security_Agency" title="National Security Agency">NSA</a> or <a href="/wiki/Central_Intelligence_Agency" title="Central Intelligence Agency">CIA</a> from requesting companies to install surveillance <a href="/wiki/Backdoor_(computing)" title="Backdoor (computing)">backdoors</a> in their products.<a href="#cite_note-126">[126]</a> In 2015, Massie introduced the Surveillance State Repeal Act, a bill that sought to repeal the PATRIOT Act and the <a href="/wiki/FISA_Amendments_Act" class="mw-redirect" title="FISA Amendments Act">FISA Amendments Act</a>.<a href="#cite_note-127">[127]</a><a href="#cite_note-128">[128]</a> Also in 2015, he joined with Representative <a href="/wiki/Justin_Amash" title="Justin Amash">Justin Amash</a> in an effort to ensure the expiration of certain provisions of the PATRIOT Act.<a href="#cite_note-129">[129]</a> Massie has called for NSA whistleblower <a href="/wiki/Edward_Snowden" title="Edward Snowden">Edward Snowden</a> to be pardoned<a href="#cite_note-130">[130]</a> and for Director of National Intelligence <a href="/wiki/James_Clapper" title="James Clapper">James Clapper</a> to be prosecuted for lying to Congress while under oath about the phone metadata program that Snowden exposed.<a href="#cite_note-131">[131]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Gun_rights">Gun rights</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Massie&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Gun rights">edit</a>]</div> Massie has introduced and supported legislation that eliminates certain <a href="/wiki/Gun_control" title="Gun control">gun control</a> measures and safeguarding American citizens' inalienable gun rights. For example, during the 2019–2020 session, Massie introduced H.R. 2071, the "Second Amendment Protection Act", which would lift the federal prohibition on <a href="/wiki/Medical_cannabis_in_the_United_States" title="Medical cannabis in the United States">medical marijuana</a> patients from owning or possessing firearms.<a href="#cite_note-132">[132]</a> In 2022, he introduced H.R. 7415, the "Safe Students Act", which would repeal the <a href="/wiki/Gun-Free_School_Zones_Act_of_1990" title="Gun-Free School Zones Act of 1990">Gun-Free School Zones Act of 1990</a> (GFSZA), effectively repealing the federal ban on guns in school zones and allowing state and local governments and school boards to set their own firearms policies.<a href="#cite_note-133">[133]</a><a href="#cite_note-massie.house.gov-134">[134]</a> Massie said: "Gun-free zones are ineffective and make our schools less safe. Since 1950, 98 percent of mass public shootings have occurred in places where citizens are banned from having guns." He added, "Banks, churches, sports stadiums, and many of my colleagues in Congress are protected with firearms, yet children inside the classroom are too frequently left vulnerable."<a href="#cite_note-massie.house.gov-134">[134]</a> Massie has also criticized President <a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Joe Biden</a>'s plans to regulate <a href="/wiki/Privately_made_firearm" class="mw-redirect" title="Privately made firearm">privately made firearms</a> by reclassifying gun kits as firearms under the <a href="/wiki/Gun_Control_Act" class="mw-redirect" title="Gun Control Act">Gun Control Act</a> and requiring manufacturers to be licensed and inscribe serial numbers on gun kits.<a href="#cite_note-135">[135]</a> Massie tweeted, "The Constitution does not authorize the federal government to prevent you from making your own firearm. This a fact that has been recognized for 200+ years. Also, Article 1, Section 1 (literally the first operative sentence in the Constitution) says Congress makes law, not POTUS!"<a href="#cite_note-136">[136]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Food_regulation">Food regulation</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Massie&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Food regulation">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jared_Polis_Thomas_Massie_forbidden_meal_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Jared_Polis_Thomas_Massie_forbidden_meal_2.jpg/220px-Jared_Polis_Thomas_Massie_forbidden_meal_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Jared_Polis_Thomas_Massie_forbidden_meal_2.jpg/330px-Jared_Polis_Thomas_Massie_forbidden_meal_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Jared_Polis_Thomas_Massie_forbidden_meal_2.jpg/440px-Jared_Polis_Thomas_Massie_forbidden_meal_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1368" data-file-height="912" /></a><figcaption>Massie and then Rep. <a href="/wiki/Jared_Polis" title="Jared Polis">Jared Polis</a> promote "food freedom" legislation by sharing a meal that includes hemp scones, raw milk, <a href="/wiki/Kombucha" title="Kombucha">kombucha</a>, and beef raised by Massie (August 2015)</figcaption></figure> In 2014, Massie introduced the Milk Freedom Act and the Interstate Milk Freedom Act, a pair of bills that would allow the transportation of <a href="/wiki/Raw_milk" title="Raw milk">raw milk</a> across state borders.<a href="#cite_note-137">[137]</a><a href="#cite_note-138">[138]</a> Massie explained: "It's legal to drink raw milk in 50 states. It is legal to sell raw milk in 28 states. The Feds need to quit arresting farmers for taking raw milk from one raw milk state to another raw milk state".<a href="#cite_note-139">[139]</a> In 2015, Massie introduced the Processing Revival and Intrastate Meat Exemption (PRIME) Act to ease federal regulations regarding the sale of meat within state borders.<a href="#cite_note-140">[140]</a><a href="#cite_note-141">[141]</a> According to Massie, under current federal regulations "farmers and ranchers are increasingly forced to ship their animals to far-off slaughterhouses for processing" which "presents financial burdens, threatens the quality of meat sold, and ultimately makes it difficult for consumers to purchase fresh, local meat".<a href="#cite_note-142">[142]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Criminal_justice_reform">Criminal justice reform</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Massie&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Criminal justice reform">edit</a>]</div> In 2013, Massie introduced the <a href="/wiki/Justice_Safety_Valve_Act_of_2013" title="Justice Safety Valve Act of 2013">Justice Safety Valve Act</a> to provide judges with greater sentencing flexibility.<a href="#cite_note-143">[143]</a> He stated: "The one size fits all approach of federally <a href="/wiki/Mandatory_sentencing" title="Mandatory sentencing">mandated minimums</a> does not give local judges the latitude they need to ensure that punishments fit the crimes. As a result, nonviolent offenders are sometimes given excessive sentences. Furthermore, public safety can be compromised because violent offenders are released from our nation's <a href="/wiki/Prison_overcrowding" class="mw-redirect" title="Prison overcrowding">overcrowded prisons</a> to make room for nonviolent offenders."<a href="#cite_note-144">[144]</a> Massie has criticized <a href="/wiki/Civil_forfeiture_in_the_United_States" title="Civil forfeiture in the United States">civil asset forfeiture</a> laws, calling them "legal robbery" and "completely unconstitutional".<a href="#cite_note-145">[145]</a> In 2019, he helped introduce the Fifth Amendment Integrity Restoration Act to reform federal asset forfeiture policies.<a href="#cite_note-146">[146]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Human_rights">Human rights</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Massie&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Human rights">edit</a>]</div> Massie was the sole member of Congress to vote against the <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Human_Rights_and_Democracy_Act" title="Hong Kong Human Rights and Democracy Act">Hong Kong Human Rights and Democracy Act</a> in November 2019<a href="#cite_note-147">[147]</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Uyghur_Human_Rights_Policy_Act" title="Uyghur Human Rights Policy Act">UIGHUR Act</a> condemning the <a href="/wiki/Persecution_of_Uyghurs_in_China" title="Persecution of Uyghurs in China">treatment of Chinese Uyghurs</a> in December 2019.<a href="#cite_note-148">[148]</a><a href="#cite_note-149">[149]</a> Massie clarified on Twitter that his reasoning was that it is not the role of the United States to intervene in other nations' internal affairs.<a href="#cite_note-150">[150]</a> Massie was also one of only three House members to vote against the <a href="/wiki/Uyghur_Forced_Labor_Prevention_Act" title="Uyghur Forced Labor Prevention Act">Uyghur Forced Labor Prevention Act</a> in 2020,<a href="#cite_note-151">[151]</a> and was one of 14 House Republicans to vote against a measure condemning the <a href="/wiki/2021_Myanmar_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="2021 Myanmar coup d'état">Myanmar coup d'état</a> that overwhelmingly passed in 2021.<a href="#cite_note-152">[152]</a> On February 26, 2020, Massie voted against making <a href="/wiki/Lynching" title="Lynching">lynching</a> a federal <a href="/wiki/Hate_crime" title="Hate crime">hate crime</a>.<a href="#cite_note-153">[153]</a> On February 28, 2022, he was one of three representatives to vote against the similar <a href="/wiki/Emmett_Till_Antilynching_Act" title="Emmett Till Antilynching Act">Emmett Till Antilynching Act</a>.<a href="#cite_note-154">[154]</a><a href="#cite_note-155">[155]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Government_transparency">Government transparency</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Massie&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Government transparency">edit</a>]</div> In 2014, Massie joined Representatives <a href="/wiki/Walter_B._Jones_Jr." title="Walter B. Jones Jr.">Walter B. Jones</a> and <a href="/wiki/Stephen_F._Lynch" class="mw-redirect" title="Stephen F. Lynch">Stephen Lynch</a> at a press conference to call for release of the <a href="/wiki/The_28_pages" title="The 28 pages">28 redacted pages</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Joint_Inquiry_into_Intelligence_Community_Activities_before_and_after_the_Terrorist_Attacks_of_September_11,_2001" title="Joint Inquiry into Intelligence Community Activities before and after the Terrorist Attacks of September 11, 2001">Joint Inquiry into Intelligence Community Activities before and after the Terrorist Attacks of September 11, 2001</a>.<a href="#cite_note-156">[156]</a> In 2016 Massie joined both representatives in writing to Obama urging him to declassify the pages.<a href="#cite_note-157">[157]</a> In 2015, Massie introduced the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Reserve_Transparency_Act" title="Federal Reserve Transparency Act">Federal Reserve Transparency Act</a> to "require the <a href="/wiki/Comptroller_General_of_the_United_States" title="Comptroller General of the United States">Comptroller General</a> to conduct a full examination of the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Reserve_Board_of_Governors" title="Federal Reserve Board of Governors">Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System and the Federal Reserve banks</a>".<a href="#cite_note-fed-158">[158]</a> Said Massie: "It is time to force the Federal Reserve to operate by the same standards of transparency and accountability to the taxpayers that we should demand of all government agencies."<a href="#cite_note-159">[159]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Healthcare">Healthcare</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Massie&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Healthcare">edit</a>]</div> Massie supports <a href="/wiki/Efforts_to_repeal_the_Affordable_Care_Act" title="Efforts to repeal the Affordable Care Act">repealing</a> the <a href="/wiki/Affordable_Care_Act" title="Affordable Care Act">Affordable Care Act</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Issues-160">[160]</a> In 2017, he criticized Republicans' efforts to repeal parts of the Affordable Care Act, saying the efforts fell "far short of our promise to repeal Obamacare".<a href="#cite_note-161">[161]</a> Massie does not support compulsory vaccination. He stated on Twitter, "There is no authority in the Constitution that authorizes the government to stick a needle in you."<a href="#cite_note-162">[162]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cannabis">Cannabis</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Massie&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Cannabis">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Thomas_Massie_Kentucky_Hemp_Days_2018.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Thomas_Massie_Kentucky_Hemp_Days_2018.jpg/220px-Thomas_Massie_Kentucky_Hemp_Days_2018.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Thomas_Massie_Kentucky_Hemp_Days_2018.jpg/330px-Thomas_Massie_Kentucky_Hemp_Days_2018.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Thomas_Massie_Kentucky_Hemp_Days_2018.jpg/440px-Thomas_Massie_Kentucky_Hemp_Days_2018.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1014" data-file-height="676" /></a><figcaption>Massie at the Kentucky Hemp Days festival in 2018</figcaption></figure> Massie has supported efforts to legalize <a href="/wiki/Hemp" title="Hemp">industrial hemp</a> cultivation,<a href="#cite_note-163">[163]</a><a href="#cite_note-164">[164]</a> introducing the Industrial Hemp Farming Act in 2013<a href="#cite_note-165">[165]</a><a href="#cite_note-166">[166]</a> as well as hemp-related amendments in 2013,<a href="#cite_note-167">[167]</a> 2014,<a href="#cite_note-168">[168]</a> and 2015<a href="#cite_note-169">[169]</a> that were approved by the House. In 2013 he testified before the <a href="/wiki/Kentucky_Senate" title="Kentucky Senate">Kentucky Senate</a> regarding the issue.<a href="#cite_note-170">[170]</a> Massie has stated that <a href="/wiki/Medical_cannabis_in_the_United_States" title="Medical cannabis in the United States">medical cannabis</a> patients should be able to legally purchase firearms and that he would introduce legislation allowing them to do so.<a href="#cite_note-171">[171]</a> Massie has endorsed legislation in Kentucky to legalize the medical use of cannabis.<a href="#cite_note-172">[172]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Disaster_relief">Disaster relief</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Massie&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Disaster relief">edit</a>]</div> Massie is among a handful of members of Congress who consistently vote to block disaster relief. However, when Kentucky has been hit by natural disasters, Massie has supported disaster relief.<a href="#cite_note-173">[173]</a> In February 2023, Massie and <a href="/wiki/Marjorie_Taylor_Greene" title="Marjorie Taylor Greene">Marjorie Taylor Greene</a> were the only two representatives to vote against a nonpartisan resolution mourning those killed in the <a href="/wiki/2023_Turkey%E2%80%93Syria_earthquakes" title="2023 Turkey–Syria earthquakes">2023 Turkey–Syria earthquakes</a>.<a href="#cite_note-174">[174]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Immigration">Immigration</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Massie&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Immigration">edit</a>]</div> Massie voted against the Further Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2020 which authorizes DHS to nearly double the available H-2B visas for the remainder of FY 2020.<a href="#cite_note-175">[175]</a><a href="#cite_note-176">[176]</a> Massie voted against Consolidated Appropriations Act (H.R. 1158) which effectively prohibits <a href="/wiki/U.S._Immigration_and_Customs_Enforcement" title="U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement">ICE</a> from cooperating with Health and Human Services to detain or remove illegal alien sponsors of unaccompanied alien children (UACs).<a href="#cite_note-177">[177]</a> In 2022, <a href="/wiki/NumbersUSA" title="NumbersUSA">NumbersUSA</a>, which seeks to reduce both legal and illegal immigration, gave him a 93% score; in 2019–20, the <a href="/wiki/Federation_for_American_Immigration_Reform" title="Federation for American Immigration Reform">Federation for American Immigration Reform</a>, which also supports immigration controls, gave him a 92% rating.<a href="#cite_note-178">[178]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other">Other</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Massie&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Other">edit</a>]</div> In October 2019, Massie criticized the jail sentence for <a href="/wiki/Maria_Butina" title="Maria Butina">Maria Butina</a>, a Russian citizen who pleaded guilty to conspiring to act as a foreign agent in the United States. Butina had sought to infiltrate the <a href="/wiki/National_Rifle_Association_of_America" class="mw-redirect" title="National Rifle Association of America">National Rifle Association of America</a> in order to influence a more favorable U.S. foreign policy towards Russia. Massie described her jail sentence as motivated by <a href="/wiki/Russophobia" class="mw-redirect" title="Russophobia">Russophobia</a>. In August 2019, Massie said that former <a href="/wiki/Director_of_the_Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation" title="Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation">FBI Director</a> <a href="/wiki/James_Comey" title="James Comey">James Comey</a> should be put in prison instead of Butina.<a href="#cite_note-179">[179]</a><a href="#cite_note-180">[180]</a> In September 2020, Massie said <a href="/wiki/Kyle_Rittenhouse" title="Kyle Rittenhouse">Kyle Rittenhouse</a>, who was charged (but later found not guilty) with first-degree intentional homicide after shooting two people at a protest following the <a href="/wiki/Shooting_of_Jacob_Blake" title="Shooting of Jacob Blake">shooting of Jacob Blake</a> in <a href="/wiki/Kenosha,_Wisconsin" title="Kenosha, Wisconsin">Kenosha, Wisconsin</a>, had shown "incredible restraint", noting that Rittenhouse "didn't empty a <a href="/wiki/Magazine_(firearms)" title="Magazine (firearms)">magazine</a> into a crowd."<a href="#cite_note-181">[181]</a><a href="#cite_note-182">[182]</a> Massie describes himself as a <a href="/wiki/Constitutional_conservative" class="mw-redirect" title="Constitutional conservative">constitutional conservative</a> and <a href="/wiki/Libertarianism_in_the_United_States" title="Libertarianism in the United States">libertarian</a>. He believes in <a href="/wiki/Intellectual_property" title="Intellectual property">intellectual property</a> and thinks it is necessary for incentivizing innovation. Massie has remarked that this is one of the areas where he is not a libertarian.<a href="#cite_note-:1-116">[116]</a> Massie is a part of a small group of Republicans who voted against a House resolution reaffirming commitment to the orderly and <a href="/wiki/Peaceful_transition_of_power" title="Peaceful transition of power">peaceful transfer of power</a> in the United States under democratic principles.<a href="#cite_note-183">[183]</a><a href="#cite_note-184">[184]</a> He was also one of seven Republicans who did not support their colleagues' efforts to <a href="/wiki/Attempts_to_overturn_the_2020_United_States_presidential_election" title="Attempts to overturn the 2020 United States presidential election">challenge the results of the 2020 presidential election</a> on January 6, 2021; these seven signed a letter that, while giving credence to election fraud allegations made by President <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a>, said Congress did not have the authority to influence the election's outcome.<a href="#cite_note-185">[185]</a> In June 2021, Massie was one of 21 House Republicans to vote against a resolution to give the <a href="/wiki/Congressional_Gold_Medal" title="Congressional Gold Medal">Congressional Gold Medal</a> to police officers who defended the U.S. Capitol on <a href="/wiki/2021_United_States_Capitol_attack" class="mw-redirect" title="2021 United States Capitol attack">January 6</a>.<a href="#cite_note-twsCNN99078-186">[186]</a> Also in June 2021, he was one of 14 House Republicans to vote against legislation to establish June 19, or <a href="/wiki/Juneteenth" title="Juneteenth">Juneteenth</a> (officially named "Juneteenth National Independence Day"), as a federal holiday.<a href="#cite_note-187">[187]</a> He said he "fully support[ed] creating a day to celebrate the abolition of slavery" but opposed its being named "Independence Day."<a href="#cite_note-188">[188]</a> On June 27, 2021, Massie said he and Representatives <a href="/wiki/Marjorie_Taylor_Greene" title="Marjorie Taylor Greene">Marjorie Taylor Greene</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ralph_Norman" title="Ralph Norman">Ralph Norman</a> were suing Speaker <a href="/wiki/Nancy_Pelosi" title="Nancy Pelosi">Nancy Pelosi</a> after they were fined for <a href="/wiki/Anti-mask_sentiment_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-mask sentiment in the United States">refusing to wear masks</a> on the House floor.<a href="#cite_note-189">[189]</a><a href="#cite_note-190">[190]</a> Massie endorsed Florida Governor <a href="/wiki/Ron_DeSantis" title="Ron DeSantis">Ron DeSantis</a> for president in the 2024 election, saying that "America needs a leader who is decisive, respects the Constitution, understands policy, puts family first, and leads by inspiring".<a href="#cite_note-191">[191]</a> On May 16, 2024, after having read <a href="/wiki/The_Bitcoin_Standard" title="The Bitcoin Standard">The Bitcoin Standard</a> by <a href="/wiki/Saifedean_Ammous" title="Saifedean Ammous">Saifedean Ammous</a>,<a href="#cite_note-192">[192]</a> Massie introduced the Federal Reserve Board Abolition Act,<a href="#cite_note-193">[193]</a> that aims to abolish the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve and the Federal Reserve banks. H.R. 8421 would also repeal the 1913 <a href="/wiki/Federal_Reserve_Act" title="Federal Reserve Act">Federal Reserve Act</a> that created the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Reserve_System" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal Reserve System">Federal Reserve System</a> itself.<a href="#cite_note-194">[194]</a> Massie released a statement in 2013 in which he called <a href="/wiki/Roe_v._Wade" title="Roe v. Wade">Roe v. Wade</a> "of one of the greatest judicial travesties of our time", then went on to say he believes life begins at conception.<a href="#cite_note-195">[195]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Electoral_history">Electoral history</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Massie&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Electoral history">edit</a>]</div> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="; margin-right:1em; font-size:95%"> <caption>2012 Kentucky's 4th congressional district election<a href="#cite_note-196">[196]</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 15em">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#E81B23;width:5px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td class="fn">Thomas Massie </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">186,036 </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">62.13 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">William Adkins </td> <td style="text-align:right">104,734 </td> <td style="text-align:right">34.98 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#DCDCDC;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Independent_(politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent (politician)">Independent</a> </td> <td class="fn">David Lewis </td> <td style="text-align:right">8,674 </td> <td style="text-align:right">2.90 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align:right;">Total votes </th> <td style="text-align:right;">299,444 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">100 </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#F6F6F6"> <td style="background-color: #E81B23"> </td> <td colspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> hold </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="; margin-right:1em; font-size:95%"> <caption>2014 Kentucky's 4th congressional district election<a href="#cite_note-197">[197]</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 15em">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#E81B23;width:5px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td class="fn">Thomas Massie </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">150,464 </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">67.73 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Peter Newberry </td> <td style="text-align:right">71,694 </td> <td style="text-align:right">32.27 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align:right;">Total votes </th> <td style="text-align:right;">222,158 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">100 </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#F6F6F6"> <td style="background-color: #E81B23"> </td> <td colspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> hold </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="; margin-right:1em; font-size:95%"> <caption>2016 Kentucky's 4th congressional district election<a href="#cite_note-198">[198]</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 15em">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#E81B23;width:5px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td class="fn">Thomas Massie </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">233,922 </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">71.32 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Calvin Sidle </td> <td style="text-align:right">94,065 </td> <td style="text-align:right">28.68 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align:right;">Total votes </th> <td style="text-align:right;">327,987 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">100 </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#F6F6F6"> <td style="background-color: #E81B23"> </td> <td colspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> hold </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="; margin-right:1em; font-size:95%"> <caption>2018 Kentucky's 4th congressional district election<a href="#cite_note-199">[199]</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 15em">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#E81B23;width:5px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td class="fn">Thomas Massie </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">162,946 </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">62.24 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Seth Hall </td> <td style="text-align:right">90,536 </td> <td style="text-align:right">34.58 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#DCDCDC;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Independent_(politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent (politician)">Independent</a> </td> <td class="fn">Mike Moffett </td> <td style="text-align:right">8,318 </td> <td style="text-align:right">3.18 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#FFFFFF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Write-in" class="mw-redirect" title="Write-in">Write-in</a> </td> <td class="fn">David Goodwin </td> <td style="text-align:right">12 </td> <td style="text-align:right">0.005 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align:right;">Total votes </th> <td style="text-align:right;">261,812 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">100 </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#F6F6F6"> <td style="background-color: #E81B23"> </td> <td colspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> hold </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="; margin-right:1em; font-size:95%"> <caption>2020 Kentucky's 4th congressional district election<a href="#cite_note-200">[200]</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 15em">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#E81B23;width:5px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td class="fn">Thomas Massie (incumbent) </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">256,613 </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">67.1 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Alexandra Owensby </td> <td style="text-align:right">125,896 </td> <td style="text-align:right">32.9 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align:right;">Total votes </th> <td style="text-align:right;">382,509 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">100.0 </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#F6F6F6"> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td colspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> hold </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="; margin-right:1em; font-size:95%"> <caption>2022 Kentucky's 4th congressional district election </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 15em">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#E81B23;width:5px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td class="fn">Thomas Massie (incumbent) </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">167,541 </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">65.0 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Matthew Lehman </td> <td style="text-align:right">79,977 </td> <td style="text-align:right">31.0 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#9258B0;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Pirate_Party" title="United States Pirate Party">Pirate Party</a> </td> <td class="fn">Ethan Osborne<a href="#cite_note-201">[a]</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right">10,111 </td> <td style="text-align:right">3.9 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align:right;">Total votes </th> <td style="text-align:right;">257,629 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">100.0 </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#F6F6F6"> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td colspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> hold </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Massie&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Personal life">edit</a>]</div> Massie married his high school sweetheart, Rhonda Howard, in 1993, and they attended MIT together, where she received a degree in Mechanical Engineering. She died on June 27, 2024, at age 51. They raised four children together.<a href="#cite_note-202">[201]</a><a href="#cite_note-203">[202]</a><a href="#cite_note-204">[203]</a> Massie lives in an <a href="/wiki/Off-the-grid" title="Off-the-grid">off-the-grid</a> home that he built on his cattle farm in <a href="/wiki/Garrison,_Kentucky" title="Garrison, Kentucky">Garrison, Kentucky</a>.<a href="#cite_note-tea_party-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-critter-205">[204]</a><a href="#cite_note-leo-206">[205]</a> He constructed the home while chronicling its progress on his blog, "Building a Timberframe Home From Scratch", using wood and stone that he gathered from the farm.<a href="#cite_note-xconomy-11">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-critter-205">[204]</a><a href="#cite_note-famous-207">[206]</a> The home is powered by solar panels and a salvaged <a href="/wiki/Tesla_Model_S" title="Tesla Model S">Tesla Model S</a> battery he retrofitted for his home's electrical system.<a href="#cite_note-leo-206">[205]</a><a href="#cite_note-208">[207]</a> As the owner of a Tesla Model S as well (becoming an <a href="/wiki/Early_adopter" title="Early adopter">early adopter</a> in 2013),<a href="#cite_note-209">[208]</a> Massie has referred to himself as the "greenest member of Congress".<a href="#cite_note-famous-207">[206]</a><a href="#cite_note-210">[209]</a> Even as a Member of Congress, Massie has continued to invent.<a href="#cite_note-211">[210]</a> On December 4, 2021, Massie drew criticism for posting on his Twitter account a family Christmas photo with an assortment of guns, just days after four teenagers had been killed in the <a href="/wiki/2021_Oxford_High_School_shooting" class="mw-redirect" title="2021 Oxford High School shooting">2021 Oxford High School shooting</a>.<a href="#cite_note-212">[211]</a> Massie said he did not intend for the card to offend but went on to say, "I was like: 'Wow, the world's not gonna see this. It'd be kinda fun to just share it.' And I shared it, and I didn't just kick the hornet's nest, I agitated every hornet on the planet."<a href="#cite_note-213">[212]</a> Massie appeared as a contestant in a 2002 episode of the TV show <a href="/wiki/Junkyard_Wars" class="mw-redirect" title="Junkyard Wars">Junkyard Wars</a>.<a href="#cite_note-214">[213]</a> Massie is a <a href="/wiki/Methodist" class="mw-redirect" title="Methodist">Methodist</a>.<a href="#cite_note-215">[214]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Massie&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Notes">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-201"><a href="#cite_ref-201">^</a> Appeared on the ballot as an <a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" title="Independent politician">independent</a> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Massie&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://massie.house.gov/about">"About Thomas"</a>. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.maysville-online.com/news/local/article_80ba9d94-e6fc-11df-a672-001cc4c03286.html">the original</a> on December 8, 2010. 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May 23, 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120523122839/http://www.politico.com/news/stories/0512/76657.html">Archived</a> from the original on May 23, 2012. 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Thomas Massie defended his family's gun-toting holiday greeting card, saying he thought the image would be 'fun to share'"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Yahoo!_News" class="mw-redirect" title="Yahoo! News">Yahoo! News</a>. Retrieved August 27, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Yahoo%21+News&rft.atitle=Kentucky+Rep.+Thomas+Massie+defended+his+family%27s+gun-toting+holiday+greeting+card%2C+saying+he+thought+the+image+would+be+%27fun+to+share%27&rft.date=2021-12-16&rft.aulast=Loh&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.yahoo.com%2Fkentucky-rep-thomas-massie-defended-031019255.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThomas+Massie" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-214"><a href="#cite_ref-214">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWright2002" class="citation news cs1">Wright, Sarah H. 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Retrieved November 18, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Pew+Research&rft.atitle=Faith+on+the+Hill%3A+The+Religious+Composition+of+the+113th+Congress&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pewresearch.org%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2Fsites%2F7%2F2012%2F11%2F113-congress-relig-affil.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThomas+Massie" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Massie&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox 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plainlist">Wikiquote has quotations related to <a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Thomas_Massie" class="extiw" title="q:Special:Search/Thomas Massie">Thomas Massie</a>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://massie.house.gov/">Congressman Thomas Massie</a> official U.S. House website</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://thomasmassie.com/">Thomas Massie for Congress</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.c-span.org/person/?79951">Appearances</a> on <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=M001184">Biography</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Biographical_Directory_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="Biographical Directory of the United States Congress">Biographical Directory of the United States Congress</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/H2KY04121">Financial information (federal office)</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Election_Commission" title="Federal Election Commission">Federal Election Commission</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.congress.gov/member/thomas-massie/2094">Legislation sponsored</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://justfacts.votesmart.org/candidate/132068">Profile</a> at <a href="/wiki/Vote_Smart" title="Vote Smart">Vote Smart</a></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ccccff;">Political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold">Steve Applegate</div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/County_Judge/Executive" title="County Judge/Executive">Judge-Executive</a> of <a href="/wiki/Lewis_County,_Kentucky" title="Lewis County, Kentucky">Lewis County</a> 2011–2012 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold">John Patrick Collins</div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #cccccc"><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">U.S. House of Representatives</a> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Geoff_Davis" title="Geoff Davis">Geoff Davis</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> Member of the <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Kentucky" title="List of United States representatives from Kentucky">U.S. House of Representatives</a> from <a href="/wiki/Kentucky%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Kentucky's 4th congressional district">Kentucky's 4th congressional district</a> 2012–present </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Incumbent </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #cfc;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_order_of_precedence" title="United States order of precedence">U.S. order of precedence</a> (ceremonial) </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Suzan_DelBene" title="Suzan DelBene">Suzan DelBene</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/Seniority_in_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Seniority in the United States House of Representatives">United States representatives by seniority</a> 115th </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Dina_Titus" title="Dina Titus">Dina Titus</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Kentucky" title="List of United States senators from Kentucky">Senators</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>▌<a href="/wiki/Mitch_McConnell" title="Mitch McConnell">Mitch McConnell</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Rand_Paul" title="Rand Paul">Rand Paul</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Kentucky" title="List of United States representatives from Kentucky">Representatives (ordered by district)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>▌<a href="/wiki/James_Comer_(politician)" title="James Comer (politician)">James Comer</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Brett_Guthrie" title="Brett Guthrie">Brett Guthrie</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Morgan_McGarvey" title="Morgan McGarvey">Morgan McGarvey</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a class="mw-selflink selflink">Thomas Massie</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Hal_Rogers" title="Hal Rogers">Hal Rogers</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Andy_Barr_(American_politician)" title="Andy Barr (American politician)">Andy Barr</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Current_members_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#FFF; box-shadow: inset 1px 1px 0 #f4d552, inset -1px -1px 0 #f4d552;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Current_members_of_the_U.S._House_of_Representatives" title="Template:Current members of the U.S. House of Representatives"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Current_members_of_the_U.S._House_of_Representatives" title="Template talk:Current members of the U.S. House of Representatives"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Current_members_of_the_U.S._House_of_Representatives" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Current members of the U.S. House of Representatives"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Current_members_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_current_members_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="List of current members of the United States House of Representatives">Current members of the United States House of Representatives</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#FFF; box-shadow: inset 1px 1px 0 #f4d552, inset -1px -1px 0 #f4d552;"><div><a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Speaker of the United States House of Representatives">Speaker</a>: <a href="/wiki/Mike_Johnson" title="Mike Johnson">Mike Johnson</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFF; box-shadow: inset 1px 1px 0 #f4d552, inset -1px -1px 0 #f4d552;;width:1%">Majority</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Current_US_House_Republican_caucus" title="Template:Current US House Republican caucus"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Current_US_House_Republican_caucus" title="Template talk:Current US House Republican caucus"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Current_US_House_Republican_caucus" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Current US House Republican caucus"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Republican_Party_conference" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/House_Republican_Conference" title="House Republican Conference">Republican Party conference</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Speaker: <a href="/wiki/Mike_Johnson" title="Mike Johnson">Mike Johnson</a> ‧ Majority Leader: <a href="/wiki/Steve_Scalise" title="Steve Scalise">Steve Scalise</a> ‧ Majority Whip: <a href="/wiki/Tom_Emmer" title="Tom Emmer">Tom Emmer</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Other members: <a href="/wiki/Robert_Aderholt" title="Robert Aderholt">Aderholt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Alford_(politician)" title="Mark Alford (politician)">Alford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rick_Allen_(politician)" title="Rick Allen (politician)">Allen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Amodei" title="Mark Amodei">Amodei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kelly_Armstrong" title="Kelly Armstrong">Armstrong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jodey_Arrington" title="Jodey Arrington">Arrington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brian_Babin" title="Brian Babin">Babin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Don_Bacon" title="Don Bacon">Bacon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Baird_(politician)" title="Jim Baird (politician)">Baird</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Troy_Balderson" title="Troy Balderson">Balderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Banks" title="Jim Banks">Banks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andy_Barr_(American_politician)" title="Andy Barr (American politician)">Barr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aaron_Bean" title="Aaron Bean">Bean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cliff_Bentz" title="Cliff Bentz">Bentz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Bergman" title="Jack Bergman">Bergman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephanie_Bice" title="Stephanie Bice">Bice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andy_Biggs" title="Andy Biggs">Biggs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gus_Bilirakis" title="Gus Bilirakis">Bilirakis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dan_Bishop" title="Dan Bishop">Bishop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lauren_Boebert" title="Lauren Boebert">Boebert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Bost" title="Mike Bost">Bost</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josh_Brecheen" title="Josh Brecheen">Brecheen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vern_Buchanan" title="Vern Buchanan">Buchanan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larry_Bucshon" title="Larry Bucshon">Bucshon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tim_Burchett" title="Tim Burchett">Burchett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_C._Burgess" title="Michael C. Burgess">Burgess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Burlison" title="Eric Burlison">Burlison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ken_Calvert" title="Ken Calvert">Calvert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kat_Cammack" title="Kat Cammack">Cammack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Carey_(politician)" title="Mike Carey (politician)">Carey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerry_Carl" title="Jerry Carl">Carl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buddy_Carter" title="Buddy Carter">B. Carter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Carter_(Texas_politician)" title="John Carter (Texas politician)">J. Carter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lori_Chavez-DeRemer" title="Lori Chavez-DeRemer">Chavez-DeRemer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Ciscomani" title="Juan Ciscomani">Ciscomani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ben_Cline" title="Ben Cline">Cline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Cloud" title="Michael Cloud">Cloud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Clyde" title="Andrew Clyde">Clyde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Cole" title="Tom Cole">Cole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Collins_(politician)" title="Mike Collins (politician)">Collins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Comer_(politician)" title="James Comer (politician)">Comer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eli_Crane" title="Eli Crane">Crane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rick_Crawford_(politician)" title="Rick Crawford (politician)">Crawford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dan_Crenshaw" title="Dan Crenshaw">Crenshaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Curtis_(Utah_politician)" title="John Curtis (Utah politician)">Curtis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warren_Davidson" title="Warren Davidson">Davidson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monica_De_La_Cruz" title="Monica De La Cruz">De La Cruz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scott_DesJarlais" title="Scott DesJarlais">DesJarlais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_D%27Esposito" title="Anthony D'Esposito">D'Esposito</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mario_D%C3%ADaz-Balart" title="Mario Díaz-Balart">Díaz-Balart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byron_Donalds" title="Byron Donalds">Donalds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Duarte_(politician)" title="John Duarte (politician)">Duarte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeff_Duncan_(politician)" title="Jeff Duncan (politician)">Duncan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neal_Dunn" title="Neal Dunn">Dunn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Edwards" title="Chuck Edwards">Edwards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jake_Ellzey" title="Jake Ellzey">Ellzey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ron_Estes" title="Ron Estes">Estes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Ezell" title="Mike Ezell">Ezell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pat_Fallon" title="Pat Fallon">Fallon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Randy_Feenstra" title="Randy Feenstra">Feenstra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drew_Ferguson_(politician)" title="Drew Ferguson (politician)">Ferguson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brad_Finstad" title="Brad Finstad">Finstad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michelle_Fischbach" title="Michelle Fischbach">Fischbach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scott_Fitzgerald_(politician)" title="Scott Fitzgerald (politician)">Fitzgerald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brian_Fitzpatrick_(American_politician)" title="Brian Fitzpatrick (American politician)">Fitzpatrick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Fleischmann" title="Chuck Fleischmann">Fleischmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Flood_(politician)" title="Mike Flood (politician)">Flood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vince_Fong" title="Vince Fong">Fong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virginia_Foxx" title="Virginia Foxx">Foxx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scott_Franklin_(politician)" title="Scott Franklin (politician)">Franklin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russell_Fry_(politician)" title="Russell Fry (politician)">Fry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russ_Fulcher" title="Russ Fulcher">Fulcher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Garbarino" title="Andrew Garbarino">Garbarino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Garcia_(politician)" title="Mike Garcia (politician)">Garcia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlos_A._Gim%C3%A9nez" title="Carlos A. Giménez">Giménez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Gonzales" title="Tony Gonzales">Gonzales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Good" title="Bob Good">Good</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lance_Gooden" title="Lance Gooden">Gooden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Gosar" title="Paul Gosar">Gosar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kay_Granger" title="Kay Granger">Granger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garret_Graves" title="Garret Graves">G. Graves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sam_Graves" title="Sam Graves">S. Graves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Green_(Tennessee_politician)" title="Mark Green (Tennessee politician)">Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marjorie_Taylor_Greene" title="Marjorie Taylor Greene">Greene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morgan_Griffith" title="Morgan Griffith">Griffith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glenn_Grothman" title="Glenn Grothman">Grothman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Guest_(politician)" title="Michael Guest (politician)">Guest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brett_Guthrie" title="Brett Guthrie">Guthrie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harriet_Hageman" title="Harriet Hageman">Hageman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andy_Harris_(politician)" title="Andy Harris (politician)">Harris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diana_Harshbarger" title="Diana Harshbarger">Harshbarger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kevin_Hern" title="Kevin Hern">Hern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clay_Higgins" title="Clay Higgins">Higgins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Hill_(politician)" title="French Hill (politician)">Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashley_Hinson" title="Ashley Hinson">Hinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erin_Houchin" title="Erin Houchin">Houchin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Hudson_(American_politician)" title="Richard Hudson (American politician)">Hudson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Huizenga" title="Bill Huizenga">Huizenga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wesley_Hunt" title="Wesley Hunt">Hunt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darrell_Issa" title="Darrell Issa">Issa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronny_Jackson" title="Ronny Jackson">Jackson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_James_(Michigan_politician)" title="John James (Michigan politician)">James</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dusty_Johnson" title="Dusty Johnson">D. Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Jordan" title="Jim Jordan">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Joyce_(politician)" title="David Joyce (politician)">D. Joyce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Joyce_(American_politician)" title="John Joyce (American politician)">J. Joyce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Kean_Jr." title="Thomas Kean Jr.">Kean Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Kelly_(Pennsylvania_politician)" title="Mike Kelly (Pennsylvania politician)">M. Kelly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trent_Kelly" title="Trent Kelly">T. Kelly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jen_Kiggans" title="Jen Kiggans">Kiggans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kevin_Kiley_(politician)" title="Kevin Kiley (politician)">Kiley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Young_Kim" title="Young Kim">Kim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Kustoff" title="David Kustoff">Kustoff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darin_LaHood" title="Darin LaHood">LaHood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nick_LaLota" title="Nick LaLota">LaLota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doug_LaMalfa" title="Doug LaMalfa">LaMalfa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doug_Lamborn" title="Doug Lamborn">Lamborn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nick_Langworthy" title="Nick Langworthy">Langworthy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Latta" title="Bob Latta">Latta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jake_LaTurner" title="Jake LaTurner">LaTurner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Lawler" title="Mike Lawler">Lawler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laurel_Lee" title="Laurel Lee">Lee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Debbie_Lesko" title="Debbie Lesko">Lesko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julia_Letlow" title="Julia Letlow">Letlow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greg_Lopez" title="Greg Lopez">Lopez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barry_Loudermilk" title="Barry Loudermilk">Loudermilk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Lucas_(Oklahoma_politician)" title="Frank Lucas (Oklahoma politician)">Lucas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blaine_Luetkemeyer" title="Blaine Luetkemeyer">Luetkemeyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_Paulina_Luna" title="Anna Paulina Luna">Luna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morgan_Luttrell" title="Morgan Luttrell">Luttrell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nancy_Mace" title="Nancy Mace">Mace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicole_Malliotakis" title="Nicole Malliotakis">Malliotakis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celeste_Maloy" title="Celeste Maloy">Maloy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tracey_Mann" title="Tracey Mann">Mann</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Massie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brian_Mast" title="Brian Mast">Mast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_McCaul" title="Michael McCaul">McCaul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lisa_McClain" title="Lisa McClain">McClain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_McClintock" title="Tom McClintock">McClintock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rich_McCormick" title="Rich McCormick">McCormick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_McHenry" title="Patrick McHenry">McHenry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cathy_McMorris_Rodgers" title="Cathy McMorris Rodgers">McMorris Rodgers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dan_Meuser" title="Dan Meuser">Meuser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carol_Miller_(politician)" title="Carol Miller (politician)">C. Miller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Miller_(politician)" title="Mary Miller (politician)">Mar. Miller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Miller_(politician)" title="Max Miller (politician)">Max Miller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariannette_Miller-Meeks" title="Mariannette Miller-Meeks">Miller-Meeks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cory_Mills" title="Cory Mills">Mills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marc_Molinaro" title="Marc Molinaro">Molinaro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Moolenaar" title="John Moolenaar">Moolenaar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alex_Mooney" title="Alex Mooney">Mooney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barry_Moore_(American_politician)" title="Barry Moore (American politician)">Ba. Moore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blake_Moore" title="Blake Moore">Bl. Moore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_Moran" title="Nathaniel Moran">Moran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greg_Murphy_(politician)" title="Greg Murphy (politician)">Murphy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Troy_Nehls" title="Troy Nehls">Nehls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dan_Newhouse" title="Dan Newhouse">Newhouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Norman" title="Ralph Norman">Norman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zach_Nunn" title="Zach Nunn">Nunn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jay_Obernolte" title="Jay Obernolte">Obernolte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andy_Ogles" title="Andy Ogles">Ogles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burgess_Owens" title="Burgess Owens">Owens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gary_Palmer_(politician)" title="Gary Palmer (politician)">Palmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greg_Pence" title="Greg Pence">Pence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scott_Perry_(politician)" title="Scott Perry (politician)">Perry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_Pfluger" title="August Pfluger">Pfluger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Posey" title="Bill Posey">Posey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guy_Reschenthaler" title="Guy Reschenthaler">Reschenthaler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hal_Rogers" title="Hal Rogers">H. Rogers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Rogers_(Alabama_politician)" title="Mike Rogers (Alabama politician)">M. Rogers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Rose_(Tennessee_politician)" title="John Rose (Tennessee politician)">Rose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matt_Rosendale" title="Matt Rosendale">Rosendale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Rouzer" title="David Rouzer">Rouzer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chip_Roy" title="Chip Roy">Roy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Rulli" title="Michael Rulli">Rulli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Rutherford_(Florida_politician)" title="John Rutherford (Florida politician)">Rutherford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mar%C3%ADa_Elvira_Salazar" title="María Elvira Salazar">Salazar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Schweikert" title="David Schweikert">Schweikert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austin_Scott_(politician)" title="Austin Scott (politician)">Scott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keith_Self" title="Keith Self">Self</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pete_Sessions" title="Pete Sessions">Sessions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Simpson" title="Mike Simpson">Simpson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adrian_Smith_(politician)" title="Adrian Smith (politician)">A. Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chris_Smith_(New_Jersey_politician)" title="Chris Smith (New Jersey politician)">C. Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jason_Smith_(American_politician)" title="Jason Smith (American politician)">J. Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lloyd_Smucker" title="Lloyd Smucker">Smucker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victoria_Spartz" title="Victoria Spartz">Spartz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pete_Stauber" title="Pete Stauber">Stauber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michelle_Steel" title="Michelle Steel">Steel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elise_Stefanik" title="Elise Stefanik">Stefanik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bryan_Steil" title="Bryan Steil">Steil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greg_Steube" title="Greg Steube">Steube</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dale_Strong" title="Dale Strong">Strong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claudia_Tenney" title="Claudia Tenney">Tenney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glenn_Thompson_(politician)" title="Glenn Thompson (politician)">Thompson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Tiffany" title="Tom Tiffany">Tiffany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Timmons_(politician)" title="William Timmons (politician)">Timmons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Turner" title="Mike Turner">Turner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Valadao" title="David Valadao">Valadao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeff_Van_Drew" title="Jeff Van Drew">Van Drew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beth_Van_Duyne" title="Beth Van Duyne">Van Duyne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Derrick_Van_Orden" title="Derrick Van Orden">Van Orden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ann_Wagner" title="Ann Wagner">Wagner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tim_Walberg" title="Tim Walberg">Walberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Waltz" title="Michael Waltz">Waltz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Randy_Weber" title="Randy Weber">Weber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Webster_(Florida_politician)" title="Daniel Webster (Florida politician)">Webster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brad_Wenstrup" title="Brad Wenstrup">Wenstrup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruce_Westerman" title="Bruce Westerman">Westerman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Wied" title="Tony Wied">Wied</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brandon_Williams_(politician)" title="Brandon Williams (politician)">B. Williams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Williams_(Texas_politician)" title="Roger Williams (Texas politician)">R. Williams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Wilson_(American_politician)" title="Joe Wilson (American politician)">Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rob_Wittman" title="Rob Wittman">Wittman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_Womack" title="Steve Womack">Womack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudy_Yakym" title="Rudy Yakym">Yakym</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ryan_Zinke" title="Ryan Zinke">Zinke</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Non-voting_members_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Non-voting members of the United States House of Representatives">Delegates</a>: <a href="/wiki/Jenniffer_Gonz%C3%A1lez-Col%C3%B3n" title="Jenniffer González-Colón">González-Colón</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Moylan" title="James Moylan">Moylan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amata_Coleman_Radewagen" title="Amata Coleman Radewagen">Radewagen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFF; box-shadow: inset 1px 1px 0 #f4d552, inset -1px -1px 0 #f4d552;;width:1%">Minority</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Current_US_House_Democratic_caucus" title="Template:Current US House Democratic caucus"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Current_US_House_Democratic_caucus" title="Template talk:Current US House Democratic caucus"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Current_US_House_Democratic_caucus" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Current US House Democratic caucus"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Democratic_Party_caucus" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/House_Democratic_Caucus" title="House Democratic Caucus">Democratic Party caucus</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Minority Leader: <a href="/wiki/Hakeem_Jeffries" title="Hakeem Jeffries">Hakeem Jeffries</a> ‧ Minority Whip: <a href="/wiki/Katherine_Clark" title="Katherine Clark">Katherine Clark</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Other members: <a href="/wiki/Alma_Adams" title="Alma Adams">Adams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pete_Aguilar" title="Pete Aguilar">Aguilar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colin_Allred" title="Colin Allred">Allred</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabe_Amo" title="Gabe Amo">Amo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jake_Auchincloss" title="Jake Auchincloss">Auchincloss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Becca_Balint" title="Becca Balint">Balint</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanette_Barrag%C3%A1n" title="Nanette Barragán">Barragán</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joyce_Beatty" title="Joyce Beatty">Beatty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ami_Bera" title="Ami Bera">Bera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Don_Beyer" title="Don Beyer">Beyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanford_Bishop" title="Sanford Bishop">Bishop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earl_Blumenauer" title="Earl Blumenauer">Blumenauer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lisa_Blunt_Rochester" title="Lisa Blunt Rochester">Blunt Rochester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suzanne_Bonamici" title="Suzanne Bonamici">Bonamici</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamaal_Bowman" title="Jamaal Bowman">Bowman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brendan_Boyle" title="Brendan Boyle">Boyle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shontel_Brown" title="Shontel Brown">Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julia_Brownley" title="Julia Brownley">Brownley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikki_Budzinski" title="Nikki Budzinski">Budzinski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cori_Bush" title="Cori Bush">Bush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yadira_Caraveo" title="Yadira Caraveo">Caraveo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salud_Carbajal" title="Salud Carbajal">Carbajal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_C%C3%A1rdenas" title="Tony Cárdenas">Cárdenas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Carson" title="André Carson">Carson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erica_Lee_Carter" title="Erica Lee Carter">E. Carter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Troy_Carter_(politician)" title="Troy Carter (politician)">T. Carter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matt_Cartwright" title="Matt Cartwright">Cartwright</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greg_Casar" title="Greg Casar">Casar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ed_Case" title="Ed Case">Case</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sean_Casten" title="Sean Casten">Casten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kathy_Castor" title="Kathy Castor">Castor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joaquin_Castro" title="Joaquin Castro">Castro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheila_Cherfilus-McCormick" title="Sheila Cherfilus-McCormick">Cherfilus-McCormick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judy_Chu" title="Judy Chu">Chu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yvette_Clarke" title="Yvette Clarke">Clarke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emanuel_Cleaver" title="Emanuel Cleaver">Cleaver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Clyburn" title="Jim Clyburn">Clyburn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_Cohen_(politician)" title="Steve Cohen (politician)">Cohen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerry_Connolly" title="Gerry Connolly">Connolly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lou_Correa" title="Lou Correa">Correa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Costa" title="Jim Costa">Costa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Courtney_(politician)" title="Joe Courtney (politician)">Courtney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angie_Craig" title="Angie Craig">Craig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jasmine_Crockett" title="Jasmine Crockett">Crockett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jason_Crow" title="Jason Crow">Crow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Cuellar" title="Henry Cuellar">Cuellar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharice_Davids" title="Sharice Davids">Davids</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danny_Davis_(Illinois_politician)" title="Danny Davis (Illinois politician)">Da. Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Don_Davis_(North_Carolina_politician)" title="Don Davis (North Carolina politician)">Do. Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madeleine_Dean" title="Madeleine Dean">Dean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diana_DeGette" title="Diana DeGette">DeGette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosa_DeLauro" title="Rosa DeLauro">DeLauro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suzan_DelBene" title="Suzan DelBene">DelBene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chris_Deluzio" title="Chris Deluzio">Deluzio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_DeSaulnier" title="Mark DeSaulnier">DeSaulnier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Debbie_Dingell" title="Debbie Dingell">Dingell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lloyd_Doggett" title="Lloyd Doggett">Doggett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veronica_Escobar" title="Veronica Escobar">Escobar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_Eshoo" title="Anna Eshoo">Eshoo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adriano_Espaillat" title="Adriano Espaillat">Espaillat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dwight_Evans_(politician)" title="Dwight Evans (politician)">Evans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lizzie_Fletcher" title="Lizzie Fletcher">Fletcher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Foster_(politician)" title="Bill Foster (politician)">Foster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valerie_Foushee" title="Valerie Foushee">Foushee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lois_Frankel" title="Lois Frankel">Frankel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maxwell_Frost" title="Maxwell Frost">Frost</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruben_Gallego" title="Ruben Gallego">Gallego</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Garamendi" title="John Garamendi">Garamendi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chuy_Garc%C3%ADa" title="Chuy García">C. García</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Garcia_(California_politician)" title="Robert Garcia (California politician)">R. Garcia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sylvia_Garcia" title="Sylvia Garcia">S. Garcia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jared_Golden" title="Jared Golden">Golden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dan_Goldman" title="Dan Goldman">Goldman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Gomez" title="Jimmy Gomez">Gomez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vicente_Gonzalez_(politician)" title="Vicente Gonzalez (politician)">Gonzalez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josh_Gottheimer" title="Josh Gottheimer">Gottheimer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al_Green_(politician)" title="Al Green (politician)">Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ra%C3%BAl_Grijalva" title="Raúl Grijalva">Grijalva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josh_Harder" title="Josh Harder">Harder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jahana_Hayes" title="Jahana Hayes">Hayes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Himes" title="Jim Himes">Himes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_Horsford" title="Steven Horsford">Horsford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrissy_Houlahan" title="Chrissy Houlahan">Houlahan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steny_Hoyer" title="Steny Hoyer">Hoyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Val_Hoyle" title="Val Hoyle">Hoyle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jared_Huffman" title="Jared Huffman">Huffman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glenn_Ivey" title="Glenn Ivey">Ivey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeff_Jackson_(politician)" title="Jeff Jackson (politician)">Je. Jackson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Jackson_(Illinois_politician)" title="Jonathan Jackson (Illinois politician)">Jo. Jackson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sara_Jacobs" title="Sara Jacobs">Jacobs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pramila_Jayapal" title="Pramila Jayapal">Jayapal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hank_Johnson" title="Hank Johnson">Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sydney_Kamlager-Dove" title="Sydney Kamlager-Dove">Kamlager-Dove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcy_Kaptur" title="Marcy Kaptur">Kaptur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Keating_(politician)" title="Bill Keating (politician)">Keating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robin_Kelly" title="Robin Kelly">Kelly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tim_Kennedy_(politician)" title="Tim Kennedy (politician)">Kennedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ro_Khanna" title="Ro Khanna">Khanna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dan_Kildee" title="Dan Kildee">Kildee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Derek_Kilmer" title="Derek Kilmer">Kilmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andy_Kim_(politician)" title="Andy Kim (politician)">Kim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raja_Krishnamoorthi" title="Raja Krishnamoorthi">Krishnamoorthi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annie_Kuster" title="Annie Kuster">Kuster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greg_Landsman" title="Greg Landsman">Landsman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rick_Larsen" title="Rick Larsen">Larsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_B._Larson" title="John B. Larson">Larson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Lee" title="Barbara Lee">B. Lee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Summer_Lee" title="Summer Lee">Sum. Lee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susie_Lee" title="Susie Lee">Sus. Lee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teresa_Leger_Fernandez" title="Teresa Leger Fernandez">Leger Fernandez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Levin" title="Mike Levin">Levin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ted_Lieu" title="Ted Lieu">Lieu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zoe_Lofgren" title="Zoe Lofgren">Lofgren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Lynch_(politician)" title="Stephen Lynch (politician)">Lynch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seth_Magaziner" title="Seth Magaziner">Magaziner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kathy_Manning" title="Kathy Manning">Manning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doris_Matsui" title="Doris Matsui">Matsui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucy_McBath" title="Lucy McBath">McBath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jennifer_McClellan" title="Jennifer McClellan">McClellan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Betty_McCollum" title="Betty McCollum">McCollum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morgan_McGarvey" title="Morgan McGarvey">McGarvey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_McGovern_(American_politician)" title="Jim McGovern (American politician)">McGovern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LaMonica_McIver" title="LaMonica McIver">McIver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregory_Meeks" title="Gregory Meeks">Meeks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rob_Menendez" title="Rob Menendez">Menendez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grace_Meng" title="Grace Meng">Meng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kweisi_Mfume" title="Kweisi Mfume">Mfume</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gwen_Moore" title="Gwen Moore">Moore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Morelle" title="Joseph Morelle">Morelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jared_Moskowitz" title="Jared Moskowitz">Moskowitz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seth_Moulton" title="Seth Moulton">Moulton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_J._Mrvan" title="Frank J. Mrvan">Mrvan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kevin_Mullin" title="Kevin Mullin">Mullin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerry_Nadler" title="Jerry Nadler">Nadler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grace_Napolitano" title="Grace Napolitano">Napolitano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Neal" title="Richard Neal">Neal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Neguse" title="Joe Neguse">Neguse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wiley_Nickel" title="Wiley Nickel">Nickel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Norcross" title="Donald Norcross">Norcross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandria_Ocasio-Cortez" title="Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez">Ocasio-Cortez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilhan_Omar" title="Ilhan Omar">Omar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Pallone" title="Frank Pallone">Pallone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Panetta" title="Jimmy Panetta">Panetta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chris_Pappas_(American_politician)" title="Chris Pappas (American politician)">Pappas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nancy_Pelosi" title="Nancy Pelosi">Pelosi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Peltola" title="Mary Peltola">Peltola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marie_Gluesenkamp_Perez" title="Marie Gluesenkamp Perez">Perez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scott_Peters_(politician)" title="Scott Peters (politician)">Peters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brittany_Pettersen" title="Brittany Pettersen">Pettersen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dean_Phillips" title="Dean Phillips">Phillips</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chellie_Pingree" title="Chellie Pingree">Pingree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Pocan" title="Mark Pocan">Pocan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katie_Porter" title="Katie Porter">Porter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ayanna_Pressley" title="Ayanna Pressley">Pressley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Quigley" title="Mike Quigley">Quigley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delia_Ramirez" title="Delia Ramirez">Ramirez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamie_Raskin" title="Jamie Raskin">Raskin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deborah_Ross_(politician)" title="Deborah Ross (politician)">Ross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raul_Ruiz_(politician)" title="Raul Ruiz (politician)">Ruiz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_Ruppersberger" title="Dutch Ruppersberger">Ruppersberger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pat_Ryan_(politician)" title="Pat Ryan (politician)">Ryan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrea_Salinas" title="Andrea Salinas">Salinas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linda_S%C3%A1nchez" title="Linda Sánchez">Sánchez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Sarbanes" title="John Sarbanes">Sarbanes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Gay_Scanlon" title="Mary Gay Scanlon">Scanlon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan_Schakowsky" title="Jan Schakowsky">Schakowsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adam_Schiff" title="Adam Schiff">Schiff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brad_Schneider" title="Brad Schneider">Schneider</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hillary_Scholten" title="Hillary Scholten">Scholten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kim_Schrier" title="Kim Schrier">Schrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bobby_Scott_(politician)" title="Bobby Scott (politician)">B. Scott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Scott_(Georgia_politician)" title="David Scott (Georgia politician)">D. Scott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terri_Sewell" title="Terri Sewell">Sewell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brad_Sherman" title="Brad Sherman">Sherman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikie_Sherrill" title="Mikie Sherrill">Sherrill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elissa_Slotkin" title="Elissa Slotkin">Slotkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adam_Smith_(Washington_politician)" title="Adam Smith (Washington politician)">Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Sorensen_(politician)" title="Eric Sorensen (politician)">Sorensen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darren_Soto" title="Darren Soto">Soto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abigail_Spanberger" title="Abigail Spanberger">Spanberger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melanie_Stansbury" title="Melanie Stansbury">Stansbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greg_Stanton" title="Greg Stanton">Stanton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haley_Stevens" title="Haley Stevens">Stevens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marilyn_Strickland" title="Marilyn Strickland">Strickland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Suozzi" title="Tom Suozzi">Suozzi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Swalwell" title="Eric Swalwell">Swalwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emilia_Sykes" title="Emilia Sykes">Sykes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Takano" title="Mark Takano">Takano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shri_Thanedar" title="Shri Thanedar">Thanedar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bennie_Thompson" title="Bennie Thompson">B. Thompson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Thompson_(California_politician)" title="Mike Thompson (California politician)">M. Thompson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dina_Titus" title="Dina Titus">Titus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rashida_Tlaib" title="Rashida Tlaib">Tlaib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jill_Tokuda" title="Jill Tokuda">Tokuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Tonko" title="Paul Tonko">Tonko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norma_Torres" title="Norma Torres">N. Torres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ritchie_Torres" title="Ritchie Torres">R. Torres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lori_Trahan" title="Lori Trahan">Trahan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Trone" title="David Trone">Trone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lauren_Underwood" title="Lauren Underwood">Underwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Vargas" title="Juan Vargas">Vargas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabe_Vasquez" title="Gabe Vasquez">Vasquez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marc_Veasey" title="Marc Veasey">Veasey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nydia_Vel%C3%A1zquez" title="Nydia Velázquez">Velázquez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Debbie_Wasserman_Schultz" title="Debbie Wasserman Schultz">Wasserman Schultz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maxine_Waters" title="Maxine Waters">Waters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bonnie_Watson_Coleman" title="Bonnie Watson Coleman">Watson Coleman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jennifer_Wexton" title="Jennifer Wexton">Wexton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susan_Wild" title="Susan Wild">Wild</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikema_Williams" title="Nikema Williams">Williams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederica_Wilson" title="Frederica Wilson">Wilson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Non-voting_members_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Non-voting members of the United States House of Representatives">Delegates</a>: <a href="/wiki/Eleanor_Holmes_Norton" title="Eleanor Holmes Norton">Holmes Norton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stacey_Plaskett" title="Stacey Plaskett">Plaskett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregorio_Sablan" title="Gregorio Sablan">Sablan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#FFF; box-shadow: inset 1px 1px 0 #f4d552, inset -1px -1px 0 #f4d552;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/118th_United_States_Congress" title="118th United States Congress">118th United States Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_acts_of_the_118th_United_States_Congress" title="List of acts of the 118th United States Congress">List of acts of the 118th United States Congress</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Kentucky&#039;s_delegation(s)_to_the_112th–present_United_States_Congresses_(ordered_by_seniority)" style="display:table;;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:USCongRep-start" title="Template:USCongRep-start"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:USCongRep-start" title="Template talk:USCongRep-start"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:USCongRep-start" title="Special:EditPage/Template:USCongRep-start"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Kentucky&#039;s_delegation(s)_to_the_112th–present_United_States_Congresses_(ordered_by_seniority)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky">Kentucky</a>'s delegation(s) to the 112th–present <a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">United States Congresses</a> (ordered by seniority)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;border-width:0;"><div style="padding:0"> <table style="width:100%"> <tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/112th_United_States_Congress" title="112th United States Congress">112th</a> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Kentucky" title="List of United States senators from Kentucky">Senate</a>: ▌<a href="/wiki/Mitch_McConnell" title="Mitch McConnell">M. McConnell</a> (R) · ▌<a href="/wiki/Rand_Paul" title="Rand Paul">R. Paul</a> (R)</div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Kentucky" title="List of United States representatives from Kentucky">House</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li>▌<a href="/wiki/Hal_Rogers" title="Hal Rogers">H. Rogers</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Ed_Whitfield" title="Ed Whitfield">E. Whitfield</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Ben_Chandler" title="Ben Chandler">B. Chandler</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Geoff_Davis" title="Geoff Davis">G. Davis</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/John_Yarmuth" title="John Yarmuth">J. Yarmuth</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Brett_Guthrie" title="Brett Guthrie">B. Guthrie</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a class="mw-selflink selflink">T. Massie</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/113th_United_States_Congress" title="113th United States Congress">113th</a> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Kentucky" title="List of United States senators from Kentucky">Senate</a>: ▌<a href="/wiki/Mitch_McConnell" title="Mitch McConnell">M. McConnell</a> (R) · ▌<a href="/wiki/Rand_Paul" title="Rand Paul">R. Paul</a> (R)</div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Kentucky" title="List of United States representatives from Kentucky">House</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li>▌<a href="/wiki/Hal_Rogers" title="Hal Rogers">H. Rogers</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Ed_Whitfield" title="Ed Whitfield">E. Whitfield</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/John_Yarmuth" title="John Yarmuth">J. Yarmuth</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Brett_Guthrie" title="Brett Guthrie">B. Guthrie</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a class="mw-selflink selflink">T. Massie</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Andy_Barr_(American_politician)" title="Andy Barr (American politician)">A. Barr</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/114th_United_States_Congress" title="114th United States Congress">114th</a> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Kentucky" title="List of United States senators from Kentucky">Senate</a>: ▌<a href="/wiki/Mitch_McConnell" title="Mitch McConnell">M. McConnell</a> (R) · ▌<a href="/wiki/Rand_Paul" title="Rand Paul">R. Paul</a> (R)</div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Kentucky" title="List of United States representatives from Kentucky">House</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li>▌<a href="/wiki/Hal_Rogers" title="Hal Rogers">H. Rogers</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Ed_Whitfield" title="Ed Whitfield">E. Whitfield</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/John_Yarmuth" title="John Yarmuth">J. Yarmuth</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Brett_Guthrie" title="Brett Guthrie">B. Guthrie</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a class="mw-selflink selflink">T. Massie</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Andy_Barr_(American_politician)" title="Andy Barr (American politician)">A. Barr</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/James_Comer_(politician)" title="James Comer (politician)">J. Comer</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/115th_United_States_Congress" title="115th United States Congress">115th</a> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Kentucky" title="List of United States senators from Kentucky">Senate</a>: ▌<a href="/wiki/Mitch_McConnell" title="Mitch McConnell">M. McConnell</a> (R) · ▌<a href="/wiki/Rand_Paul" title="Rand Paul">R. Paul</a> (R)</div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Kentucky" title="List of United States representatives from Kentucky">House</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li>▌<a href="/wiki/Hal_Rogers" title="Hal Rogers">H. Rogers</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/John_Yarmuth" title="John Yarmuth">J. Yarmuth</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Brett_Guthrie" title="Brett Guthrie">B. Guthrie</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a class="mw-selflink selflink">T. Massie</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Andy_Barr_(American_politician)" title="Andy Barr (American politician)">A. Barr</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/James_Comer_(politician)" title="James Comer (politician)">J. Comer</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/116th_United_States_Congress" title="116th United States Congress">116th</a> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Kentucky" title="List of United States senators from Kentucky">Senate</a>: ▌<a href="/wiki/Mitch_McConnell" title="Mitch McConnell">M. McConnell</a> (R) · ▌<a href="/wiki/Rand_Paul" title="Rand Paul">R. Paul</a> (R)</div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Kentucky" title="List of United States representatives from Kentucky">House</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li>▌<a href="/wiki/Hal_Rogers" title="Hal Rogers">H. Rogers</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/John_Yarmuth" title="John Yarmuth">J. Yarmuth</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Brett_Guthrie" title="Brett Guthrie">B. Guthrie</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a class="mw-selflink selflink">T. Massie</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Andy_Barr_(American_politician)" title="Andy Barr (American politician)">A. Barr</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/James_Comer_(politician)" title="James Comer (politician)">J. Comer</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/117th_United_States_Congress" title="117th United States Congress">117th</a> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Kentucky" title="List of United States senators from Kentucky">Senate</a>: ▌<a href="/wiki/Mitch_McConnell" title="Mitch McConnell">M. McConnell</a> (R) · ▌<a href="/wiki/Rand_Paul" title="Rand Paul">R. Paul</a> (R)</div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Kentucky" title="List of United States representatives from Kentucky">House</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li>▌<a href="/wiki/Hal_Rogers" title="Hal Rogers">H. Rogers</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/John_Yarmuth" title="John Yarmuth">J. Yarmuth</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Brett_Guthrie" title="Brett Guthrie">B. Guthrie</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a class="mw-selflink selflink">T. Massie</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Andy_Barr_(American_politician)" title="Andy Barr (American politician)">A. Barr</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/James_Comer_(politician)" title="James Comer (politician)">J. Comer</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/118th_United_States_Congress" title="118th United States Congress">118th</a> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Kentucky" title="List of United States senators from Kentucky">Senate</a>: ▌<a href="/wiki/Mitch_McConnell" title="Mitch McConnell">M. McConnell</a> (R) · ▌<a href="/wiki/Rand_Paul" title="Rand Paul">R. Paul</a> (R)</div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Kentucky" title="List of United States representatives from Kentucky">House</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li>▌<a href="/wiki/Hal_Rogers" title="Hal Rogers">H. Rogers</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Brett_Guthrie" title="Brett Guthrie">B. Guthrie</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a class="mw-selflink selflink">T. Massie</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Andy_Barr_(American_politician)" title="Andy Barr (American politician)">A. Barr</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/James_Comer_(politician)" title="James Comer (politician)">J. Comer</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Morgan_McGarvey" title="Morgan McGarvey">M. McGarvey</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a>: People <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2426031#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" 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