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Peter Kosler - Wikipedia

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title="Peter Kosler – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Peter Kosler" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Kozler" title="Peter Kozler – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Peter Kozler" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Kozler" title="Peter Kozler – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Peter Kozler" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Kozler" title="Peter Kozler – Italian" 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Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&amp;q=%22Peter+Kosler%22">"Peter Kosler"</a>&#160;–&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&amp;q=%22Peter+Kosler%22+-wikipedia&amp;tbs=ar:1">news</a>&#160;<b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&amp;q=%22Peter+Kosler%22&amp;tbs=bkt:s&amp;tbm=bks">newspapers</a>&#160;<b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&amp;q=%22Peter+Kosler%22+-wikipedia">books</a>&#160;<b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Peter+Kosler%22">scholar</a>&#160;<b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Peter+Kosler%22&amp;acc=on&amp;wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">March 2008</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:PeterKozler.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/PeterKozler.jpg/200px-PeterKozler.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="334" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/PeterKozler.jpg/300px-PeterKozler.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/PeterKozler.jpg/400px-PeterKozler.jpg 2x" data-file-width="613" data-file-height="1024" /></a><figcaption>Peter Kosler</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Peter Kosler</b> or <b>Kozler</b> (16 February 1824 &#8211; 16 April 1879) was an Austrian-Slovene <a href="/wiki/Lawyer" title="Lawyer">lawyer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Geographer" title="Geographer">geographer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cartographer" class="mw-redirect" title="Cartographer">cartographer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Activist" class="mw-redirect" title="Activist">activist</a>, and businessman. He was of <a href="/wiki/Ethnic_German" class="mw-redirect" title="Ethnic German">ethnic German</a> origin, but also identified with <a href="/wiki/Slovenes" title="Slovenes">Slovene culture</a> and advocated the peaceful coexistence of the Slovene and German cultures in <a href="/wiki/Carniola" title="Carniola">Carniola</a>. </p><p>Kosler was born in <a href="/wiki/Ko%C4%8De,_Ko%C4%8Devje" title="Koče, Kočevje">Koče</a>, a village south of <a href="/wiki/Ko%C4%8Devje" title="Kočevje">Kočevje</a> in <a href="/wiki/Gottschee" title="Gottschee">Gottschee County</a>, in what was then the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Illyria_(1816%E2%80%931849)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Illyria (1816–1849)">Austrian Kingdom of Illyria</a>, and is now <a href="/wiki/Slovenia" title="Slovenia">Slovenia</a>. He is best known for creating the first map of the <a href="/wiki/Slovene_Lands" title="Slovene Lands">Slovene Lands</a>, called <i><a href="/wiki/Kosler%27s_Map" title="Kosler&#39;s Map">Zemljovid Slovenske dežele in pokrajin</a></i> (Map of the Slovene Land and Provinces). Made already from 1848 until the end of 1852, it was published only in 1861. Despite this, it had a significant impact in the time of the Slovene national awakening. </p><p>Born in a relatively well-to-do family, Kosler made a fortune with beer brewing and was the founder of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Union_Brewery_(Ljubljana)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Union Brewery (Ljubljana) (page does not exist)">Union Brewery</a>. He gave large amounts of money to support Slovenian cultural associations and institutions. He was close to the conservative <a href="/wiki/Old_Slovene" class="mw-redirect" title="Old Slovene">Old Slovene</a> political movement. </p><p>Kosler bought <a href="/wiki/Cekin_Mansion" title="Cekin Mansion">Cekin Mansion</a> just outside the <a href="/wiki/Center_District,_Ljubljana" title="Center District, Ljubljana">center</a> of Ljubljana and renovated it in a neoclassical style. Today, the mansion houses the <a href="/wiki/National_Museum_of_Contemporary_History" class="mw-redirect" title="National Museum of Contemporary History">National Museum of Contemporary History</a>. The Koslers also owned a mansion (<a href="/wiki/Slovene_language" title="Slovene language">Slovene</a>: <i lang="sl">Kozlerjeva palača</i>) in the center of Ljubljana, close to <a href="/wiki/Congress_Square" title="Congress Square">Congress Square</a> (<span title="Slovene-language text"><i lang="sl">Kongresni trg</i></span>) and <a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cop_Street" title="Čop Street">Čop Street</a> (<span title="Slovene-language text"><i lang="sl">Čopova ulica</i></span>), which was regarded as one of the finest Baroque buildings in the city. The building was slated for demolition in 1956 and torn down by the Communist authorities in 1961<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> in order to widen the nearby street, which caused a public outcry and marked a milestone in the development of postwar urban development in Ljubljana. According to an interview with art historian Damjan Prelovšek in October 2006, trees now grow at the site of the former building, demonstrating that its demolition was a political decision and unnecessary in order to widen the street. </p><p>Kosler also owned a plot of land in the <a href="/wiki/Ljubljana_Marsh" title="Ljubljana Marsh">Ljubljana Marsh</a> known as Kosler's Thicket (<a href="/wiki/Slovene_language" title="Slovene language">Slovene</a>: <i lang="sl">Kozlerjeva gošča</i>). During <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, the plot was used as a mass grave for victims of the <a href="/wiki/Slovenian_Home_Guard" class="mw-redirect" title="Slovenian Home Guard">Slovenian Home Guard</a> torturer and killer <a href="/wiki/Franc_Frakelj" title="Franc Frakelj">Franc Frakelj</a>. </p><p>Kosler died in <a href="/wiki/Ljubljana" title="Ljubljana">Ljubljana</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> and is buried at <a href="/wiki/%C5%BDale" title="Žale">Žale cemetery</a> in Ljubljana.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1999, a Slovenian <a href="/wiki/Postal_stamp" class="mw-redirect" title="Postal stamp">postal stamp</a> was dedicated to Kosler.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Koce_Kocevje_Slovenia_-_Kozler_house.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="House in Koče where Kosler was born"><img alt="House in Koče where Kosler was born" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Koce_Kocevje_Slovenia_-_Kozler_house.JPG/120px-Koce_Kocevje_Slovenia_-_Kozler_house.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Koce_Kocevje_Slovenia_-_Kozler_house.JPG/180px-Koce_Kocevje_Slovenia_-_Kozler_house.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Koce_Kocevje_Slovenia_-_Kozler_house.JPG/240px-Koce_Kocevje_Slovenia_-_Kozler_house.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1368" data-file-height="1255" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">House in <a href="/wiki/Ko%C4%8De,_Ko%C4%8Devje" title="Koče, Kočevje">Koče</a> where Kosler was born</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Zemljovid_slovenske_de%C5%BEele_in_pokrajin_(Original).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kosler&#39;s map of the Slovene Lands"><img alt="Kosler&#39;s map of the Slovene Lands" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Zemljovid_slovenske_de%C5%BEele_in_pokrajin_%28Original%29.jpg/112px-Zemljovid_slovenske_de%C5%BEele_in_pokrajin_%28Original%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="112" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Zemljovid_slovenske_de%C5%BEele_in_pokrajin_%28Original%29.jpg/168px-Zemljovid_slovenske_de%C5%BEele_in_pokrajin_%28Original%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Zemljovid_slovenske_de%C5%BEele_in_pokrajin_%28Original%29.jpg/223px-Zemljovid_slovenske_de%C5%BEele_in_pokrajin_%28Original%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5949" data-file-height="6391" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Kosler's map of the <a href="/wiki/Slovene_Lands" title="Slovene Lands">Slovene Lands</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Brest_Ig_Slovenia_-_Koslers_Thicket_2.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Kosler&#39;s Thicket in the Ljubljana Marsh"><img alt="Kosler&#39;s Thicket in the Ljubljana Marsh" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Brest_Ig_Slovenia_-_Koslers_Thicket_2.JPG/120px-Brest_Ig_Slovenia_-_Koslers_Thicket_2.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="73" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Brest_Ig_Slovenia_-_Koslers_Thicket_2.JPG/180px-Brest_Ig_Slovenia_-_Koslers_Thicket_2.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Brest_Ig_Slovenia_-_Koslers_Thicket_2.JPG/240px-Brest_Ig_Slovenia_-_Koslers_Thicket_2.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2691" data-file-height="1640" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Kosler's Thicket in the Ljubljana Marsh</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CekinovGrad-Ljubljana.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Kosler Mansion in Tivoli City Park (Ljubljana), now the National Museum of Contemporary History"><img alt="Kosler Mansion in Tivoli City Park (Ljubljana), now the National Museum of Contemporary History" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/CekinovGrad-Ljubljana.JPG/120px-CekinovGrad-Ljubljana.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/CekinovGrad-Ljubljana.JPG/180px-CekinovGrad-Ljubljana.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/CekinovGrad-Ljubljana.JPG/240px-CekinovGrad-Ljubljana.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1129" data-file-height="850" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Kosler Mansion in <a href="/wiki/Tivoli_City_Park" title="Tivoli City Park">Tivoli City Park</a> (Ljubljana), now the <a href="/wiki/National_Museum_of_Contemporary_History" class="mw-redirect" title="National Museum of Contemporary History">National Museum of Contemporary History</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kosler_Peter_1824-1879_grave_detail.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Kosler family grave (detail)"><img alt="Kosler family grave (detail)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Kosler_Peter_1824-1879_grave_detail.JPG/120px-Kosler_Peter_1824-1879_grave_detail.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="73" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Kosler_Peter_1824-1879_grave_detail.JPG/180px-Kosler_Peter_1824-1879_grave_detail.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Kosler_Peter_1824-1879_grave_detail.JPG/240px-Kosler_Peter_1824-1879_grave_detail.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2406" data-file-height="1473" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Kosler family grave (detail)</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Kosler&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_Slovenia" title="United Slovenia">United Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_symbols_of_Slovenia" title="National symbols of Slovenia">National symbols of Slovenia</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Kosler&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Drnovšek, Marjan, France Rozman, &amp; Peter Vodopivec. 1997. <i>Slovenska kronika XX. stoletja: 1900–1941</i>. Ljubljana: Nova revija, p. 264.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.matricula-online.eu/sl/slovenia/ljubljana/ljubljana-marijino-oznanjenje/04039/?pg=122"><i>Sterb-Register</i></a>. Ljubljana – Marijino Oznanjenje. 1871–1887. p.&#160;122<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 12,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Sterb-Register&amp;rft.place=Ljubljana+%E2%80%93+Marijino+Oznanjenje&amp;rft.pages=122&amp;rft.date=1871%2F1887&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdata.matricula-online.eu%2Fsl%2Fslovenia%2Fljubljana%2Fljubljana-marijino-oznanjenje%2F04039%2F%3Fpg%3D122&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeter+Kosler" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://grobovi.zale.si/index.aspx?Lang=ENG">Žale cemetery grave index</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131214181756/http://grobovi.zale.si/index.aspx?Lang=ENG">Archived</a> 2013-12-14 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.posta.si/postne-znamke/534?year=1999">PS | Poštne znamke</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Kosler&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Peter_Kosler" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Peter Kosler">Peter Kosler</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130914235853/http://gottscheer.eu/home.htm">Peter Kosler Association, Slovenia</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.geopedia.si/?params=L6575_T1512">Peter Kosler's map on Geopedia</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output 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.hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&amp;#124;text-top&amp;#124;10px&amp;#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&amp;#124;link=https&amp;#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q481309#identifiers&amp;#124;class=noprint&amp;#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000079825160">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/8224666">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/326468/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJrm8FRbVpDBcyMytmvj4q">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/120708361">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/nr93030004">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Kozler, Peter"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/TSAV290869">Italy</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&amp;local_base=aut&amp;ccl_term=ica=js2016919970&amp;CON_LNG=ENG">Czech 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