CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="pl" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Język narodowy – Wikipedia, wolna encyklopedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )plwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":[",\t."," \t,"],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""], "wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy","wgMonthNames":["","styczeń","luty","marzec","kwiecień","maj","czerwiec","lipiec","sierpień","wrzesień","październik","listopad","grudzień"],"wgRequestId":"6545aa54-6665-488a-86f4-5395d8a1a9e5","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Język_narodowy","wgTitle":"Język narodowy","wgCurRevisionId":72683225,"wgRevisionId":72683225,"wgArticleId":4565347,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Szablon cytowania używa pól opisowych","Uniwersalny szablon cytowania – brak strony","Szablon cytowania bez określonego trybu","Układ wielokolumnowy z szerokością w niezalecanych jednostkach","Języki według rodzaju"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"pl","wgPageContentLanguage":"pl","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Język_narodowy","wgRelevantArticleId":4565347,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true, "wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":true,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"accuracy":{"levels":1}}},"wgStableRevisionId":72683225,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"pl","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"pl"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":5000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q319972","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"], "GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false,"wgEditLatestRevision":true};RLSTATE={"ext.gadget.wikiflex":"ready","ext.gadget.infobox":"ready","ext.gadget.hlist":"ready","ext.gadget.darkmode-overrides":"ready","ext.gadget.small-references":"ready","ext.gadget.citation-access-info":"ready","ext.gadget.sprawdz-problemy-szablony":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","ext.flaggedRevs.basic":"ready","mediawiki.codex.messagebox.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready", "ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","ext.scribunto.logs","site","mediawiki.page.ready","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.flaggedRevs.advanced","ext.gadget.ll-script-loader","ext.gadget.veKeepParameters","ext.gadget.szablon-galeria","ext.gadget.NavFrame","ext.gadget.citoid-overrides","ext.gadget.maps","ext.gadget.padlock-indicators","ext.gadget.interwiki-langlist","ext.gadget.edit-summaries","ext.gadget.edit-first-section","ext.gadget.wikibugs","ext.gadget.map-toggler","ext.gadget.narrowFootnoteColumns","ext.gadget.WDsearch","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022", "ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=pl&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.flaggedRevs.basic%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cmediawiki.codex.messagebox.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=pl&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=pl&modules=ext.gadget.citation-access-info%2Cdarkmode-overrides%2Chlist%2Cinfobox%2Csmall-references%2Csprawdz-problemy-szablony%2Cwikiflex&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=pl&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Język narodowy – Wikipedia, wolna encyklopedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//pl.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_narodowy"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edytuj" href="/w/index.php?title=J%C4%99zyk_narodowy&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (pl)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//pl.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_narodowy"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.pl"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Kanał Atom Wikipedii" href="/w/index.php?title=Specjalna:Ostatnie_zmiany&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Język_narodowy rootpage-Język_narodowy skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Przejdź do zawartości</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Witryna"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Menu główne" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Menu główne</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Menu główne</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">przypnij</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">ukryj</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Nawigacja </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Strona_g%C5%82%C3%B3wna" title="Przejdź na stronę główną [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Strona główna</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Specjalna:Losowa_strona" title="Załaduj losową stronę [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Losuj artykuł</span></a></li><li id="n-Kategorie" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Kategorie_G%C5%82%C3%B3wne"><span>Kategorie artykułów</span></a></li><li id="n-Featured-articles" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wyr%C3%B3%C5%BCniona_zawarto%C5%9B%C4%87_Wikipedii"><span>Najlepsze artykuły</span></a></li><li id="n-FAQ" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Pomoc:FAQ"><span>Częste pytania (FAQ)</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-zmiany" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-zmiany" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Dla czytelników </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-czytelnicy" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:O_Wikipedii"><span>O Wikipedii</span></a></li><li id="n-contact" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kontakt_z_wikipedystami"><span>Kontakt</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-edytorzy" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-edytorzy" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Dla wikipedystów </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-pierwsze-kroki" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Pomoc:Pierwsze_kroki"><span>Pierwsze kroki</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Portal_wikipedyst%C3%B3w" title="O projekcie – co możesz zrobić, gdzie możesz znaleźć informacje"><span>Portal wikipedystów</span></a></li><li id="n-Noticeboard" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tablica_og%C5%82osze%C5%84"><span>Ogłoszenia</span></a></li><li id="n-Guidelines" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Zasady"><span>Zasady</span></a></li><li id="n-helppage-name" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Pomoc:Spis_tre%C5%9Bci"><span>Pomoc</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Specjalna:Ostatnie_zmiany" title="Lista ostatnich zmian w Wikipedii. [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Ostatnie zmiany</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Strona_g%C5%82%C3%B3wna" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="wolna encyklopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-pl.svg" width="120" height="13" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Specjalna:Szukaj" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Przeszukaj Wikipedię [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Szukaj</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Przeszukaj Wikipedię" aria-label="Przeszukaj Wikipedię" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Przeszukaj Wikipedię [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Specjalna:Szukaj"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Szukaj</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Narzędzia osobiste"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Wygląd"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Zmień rozmiar czcionki, szerokość oraz kolorystykę strony" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Wygląd" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Wygląd</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_pl.wikipedia.org&uselang=pl" class=""><span>Wspomóż Wikipedię</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Specjalna:Utw%C3%B3rz_konto&returnto=J%C4%99zyk+narodowy" title="Zachęcamy do stworzenia konta i zalogowania, ale nie jest to obowiązkowe." class=""><span>Utwórz konto</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Specjalna:Zaloguj&returnto=J%C4%99zyk+narodowy" title="Zachęcamy do zalogowania się, choć nie jest to obowiązkowe. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Zaloguj się</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Więcej opcji" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Narzędzia osobiste" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Narzędzia osobiste</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Menu użytkownika" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_pl.wikipedia.org&uselang=pl"><span>Wspomóż Wikipedię</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Specjalna:Utw%C3%B3rz_konto&returnto=J%C4%99zyk+narodowy" title="Zachęcamy do stworzenia konta i zalogowania, ale nie jest to obowiązkowe."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Utwórz konto</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Specjalna:Zaloguj&returnto=J%C4%99zyk+narodowy" title="Zachęcamy do zalogowania się, choć nie jest to obowiązkowe. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Zaloguj się</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Strony dla anonimowych edytorów <a href="/wiki/Pomoc:Pierwsze_kroki" aria-label="Dowiedz się więcej na temat edytowania"><span>dowiedz się więcej</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Specjalna:M%C3%B3j_wk%C5%82ad" title="Lista edycji wykonanych z tego adresu IP [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Edycje</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Specjalna:Moja_dyskusja" title="Dyskusja użytkownika dla tego adresu IP [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Dyskusja</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Witryna"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Spis treści" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Spis treści</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">przypnij</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">ukryj</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Początek</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Stratyfikacja_lingwistyczna" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Stratyfikacja_lingwistyczna"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Stratyfikacja lingwistyczna</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Stratyfikacja_lingwistyczna-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Zobacz_też" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Zobacz_też"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Zobacz też</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Zobacz_też-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Przypisy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Przypisy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Przypisy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Przypisy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Spis treści" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Przełącz stan spisu treści" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Przełącz stan spisu treści</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Język narodowy</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Przejdź do artykułu w innym języku. Treść dostępna w 67 językach" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-67" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">67 języków</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A9_%D9%88%D8%B7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="لغة وطنية – arabski" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="لغة وطنية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C_%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%84" title="میلی دیل – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="میلی دیل" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC_%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%BE" title="জাতীয় ভাষা – bengalski" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="জাতীয় ভাষা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basa_kabangsaan" title="Basa kabangsaan – banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Basa kabangsaan" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kok-g%C3%AD" title="Kok-gí – minnański" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Kok-gí" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="minnański" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Нацыянальная мова – białoruski" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Нацыянальная мова" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="białoruski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Нацыянальная мова – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Нацыянальная мова" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Национален език – bułgarski" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Национален език" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bułgarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Llengua_nacional" title="Llengua nacional – kataloński" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Llengua nacional" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="kataloński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8_%D1%87%C4%95%D0%BB%D1%85%D0%B8" title="Наци чĕлхи – czuwaski" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Наци чĕлхи" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="czuwaski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nasodnong_pinulongan" title="Nasodnong pinulongan – cebuański" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Nasodnong pinulongan" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="cebuański" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD_jazyk" title="Národní jazyk – czeski" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Národní jazyk" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="czeski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88%D8%BA%D8%A9_%D8%AF_%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="لوغة د لبلاد – marokański arabski" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="لوغة د لبلاد" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="marokański arabski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nationalsprache" title="Nationalsprache – niemiecki" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Nationalsprache" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="niemiecki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rahvuskeel" title="Rahvuskeel – estoński" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Rahvuskeel" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estoński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CE%B8%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%B3%CE%BB%CF%8E%CF%83%CF%83%CE%B1" title="Εθνική γλώσσα – grecki" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Εθνική γλώσσα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grecki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_language" title="National language – angielski" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="National language" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angielski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lengua_nacional" title="Lengua nacional – hiszpański" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Lengua nacional" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="hiszpański" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nacia_lingvo" title="Nacia lingvo – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Nacia lingvo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%85%D9%84%DB%8C" title="زبان ملی – perski" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="زبان ملی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Langue_nationale" title="Langue nationale – francuski" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Langue nationale" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francuski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nasjonale_taal" title="Nasjonale taal – zachodniofryzyjski" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Nasjonale taal" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="zachodniofryzyjski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%87hengey_ashoonagh" title="Çhengey ashoonagh – manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Çhengey ashoonagh" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B5%AD%EC%96%B4" title="국어 – koreański" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="국어" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreański" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%A6%D5%A3%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB%D5%B6_%D5%AC%D5%A5%D5%A6%D5%B8%D6%82" title="Ազգային լեզու – ormiański" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ազգային լեզու" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="ormiański" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="राष्ट्रभाषा – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="राष्ट्रभाषा" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_nasional" title="Bahasa nasional – indonezyjski" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Bahasa nasional" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonezyjski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_nazionale" title="Lingua nazionale – włoski" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Lingua nazionale" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="włoski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B7%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9F%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%AD%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B7%E0%B3%86" title="ರಾಷ್ಟ್ರಭಾಷೆ – kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ರಾಷ್ಟ್ರಭಾಷೆ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%B0%D0%BB%D1%82%D1%82%D1%8B%D2%9B_%D1%82%D1%96%D0%BB" title="Ұлттық тіл – kazachski" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Ұлттық тіл" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazachski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lugha_ya_taifa" title="Lugha ya taifa – suahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Lugha ya taifa" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="suahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lang_nasyonal" title="Lang nasyonal – kreolski haitański" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Lang nasyonal" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="kreolski haitański" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ziman%C3%AA_netewey%C3%AE" title="Zimanê neteweyî – kurdyjski" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Zimanê neteweyî" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdyjski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%82%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BA_%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB" title="Улуттук тил – kirgiski" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Улуттук тил" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgiski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nacionalin%C4%97_kalba" title="Nacionalinė kalba – litewski" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Nacionalinė kalba" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litewski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Национален јазик – macedoński" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Национален јазик" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedoński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fitenim-pirenena" title="Fitenim-pirenena – malgaski" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Fitenim-pirenena" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgaski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="राष्ट्रभाषा – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="राष्ट्रभाषा" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_kebangsaan" title="Bahasa kebangsaan – malajski" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Bahasa kebangsaan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gu%C3%B3k-ng%E1%B9%B3%CC%84" title="Guók-ngṳ̄ – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Guók-ngṳ̄" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%AE%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%85%D1%8D%D0%BB" title="Үндэсний хэл – mongolski" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Үндэсний хэл" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nationale_taal" title="Nationale taal – niderlandzki" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Nationale taal" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="niderlandzki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="राष्ट्रभाषा – nepalski" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="राष्ट्रभाषा" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E8%AA%9E" title="国語 – japoński" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="国語" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japoński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%B0%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%B7%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%9F%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%B0%E0%AC%AD%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%B7%E0%AC%BE" title="ରାଷ୍ଟ୍ରଭାଷା – orija" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ରାଷ୍ଟ୍ରଭାଷା" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="orija" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milliy_til" title="Milliy til – uzbecki" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Milliy til" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbecki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D9%88%D9%85%DB%8C_%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86" title="قومی زبان – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="قومی زبان" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_nacional" title="Língua nacional – portugalski" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Língua nacional" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limb%C4%83_na%C8%9Bional%C4%83" title="Limbă națională – rumuński" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Limbă națională" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumuński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA" title="Национальный язык – rosyjski" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Национальный язык" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rosyjski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A1%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B9%E1%B1%9B%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%AD%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B9%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%A4_%E1%B1%AF%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B9%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%A4" title="ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ – santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_language" title="National language – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="National language" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D9%88%D9%85%D9%8A_%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86" title="قومي زبان – sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="قومي زبان" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%A1rodn%C3%BD_jazyk" title="Národný jazyk – słowacki" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Národný jazyk" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="słowacki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_%D9%86%DB%95%D8%AA%DB%95%D9%88%DB%95%DB%8C%DB%8C" title="زمانی نەتەوەیی – sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="زمانی نەتەوەیی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kansalliskieli" title="Kansalliskieli – fiński" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kansalliskieli" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="fiński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pambansang_wika" title="Pambansang wika – tagalski" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Pambansang wika" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tutlayt_tanamurt" title="Tutlayt tanamurt – kabylski" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Tutlayt tanamurt" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="kabylski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Милли тел – tatarski" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Милли тел" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mill%C3%AE_dil" title="Millî dil – turecki" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Millî dil" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turecki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%96%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Національна мова – ukraiński" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Національна мова" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukraiński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D9%88%D9%85%DB%8C_%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86" title="قومی زبان – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="قومی زبان" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ng%C3%B4n_ng%E1%BB%AF_qu%E1%BB%91c_gia" title="Ngôn ngữ quốc gia – wietnamski" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Ngôn ngữ quốc gia" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="wietnamski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%82%A6%E8%AA%9E" title="邦語 – chiński klasyczny" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="邦語" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="chiński klasyczny" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80" title="民族语言 – wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="民族语言" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AE%98%E6%96%B9%E8%AA%9E%E8%A8%80" title="官方語言 – kantoński" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="官方語言" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantoński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E8%AA%9E%E8%A8%80" title="民族語言 – chiński" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="民族語言" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chiński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q319972#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edytuj linki pomiędzy wersjami językowymi" class="wbc-editpage">Edytuj linki</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Przestrzenie nazw"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_narodowy" title="Zobacz stronę treści [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artykuł</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dyskusja:J%C4%99zyk_narodowy&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Dyskusja o zawartości tej strony (strona nie istnieje) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Dyskusja</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Zmień wariant języka" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">polski</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Widok"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C4%99zyk_narodowy&stable=1"><span>Czytaj</span></a></li><li id="ca-current" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C4%99zyk_narodowy&stable=0&redirect=no" title="Pokaż oczekujące zmiany dla tej strony [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Oczekuje na przejrzenie</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C4%99zyk_narodowy&veaction=edit" title="Edytuj tę stronę [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Edytuj</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="//pl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=J%C4%99zyk_narodowy&action=edit" title="Edycja kodu źródłowego strony [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edytuj kod źródłowy</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C4%99zyk_narodowy&action=history" title="Starsze wersje tej strony [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Wyświetl historię</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Narzędzia dla stron"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Narzędzia" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Narzędzia</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Narzędzia</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">przypnij</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">ukryj</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Więcej opcji" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Działania </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C4%99zyk_narodowy&stable=1"><span>Czytaj</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-current" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C4%99zyk_narodowy&stable=0&redirect=no"><span>Oczekuje na przejrzenie</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C4%99zyk_narodowy&veaction=edit" title="Edytuj tę stronę [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Edytuj</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//pl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=J%C4%99zyk_narodowy&action=edit" title="Edycja kodu źródłowego strony [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edytuj kod źródłowy</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C4%99zyk_narodowy&action=history"><span>Wyświetl historię</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Ogólne </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Specjalna:Linkuj%C4%85ce/J%C4%99zyk_narodowy" title="Pokaż listę wszystkich stron linkujących do tej strony [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Linkujące</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Specjalna:Zmiany_w_linkowanych/J%C4%99zyk_narodowy" rel="nofollow" title="Ostatnie zmiany w stronach, do których ta strona linkuje [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Zmiany w linkowanych</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Prześlij_plik" title="Prześlij pliki [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Prześlij plik</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Specjalna:Strony_specjalne" title="Lista wszystkich stron specjalnych [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Strony specjalne</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C4%99zyk_narodowy&oldid=72683225" title="Stały link do tej wersji tej strony"><span>Link do tej wersji</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C4%99zyk_narodowy&action=info" title="Więcej informacji na temat tej strony"><span>Informacje o tej stronie</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Specjalna:Cytuj&page=J%C4%99zyk_narodowy&id=72683225&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informacja o tym jak należy cytować tę stronę"><span>Cytowanie tego artykułu</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Specjalna:Skr%C3%B3%C4%87_adres_URL&url=https%3A%2F%2Fpl.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FJ%25C4%2599zyk_narodowy"><span>Zobacz skrócony adres URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Specjalna:Kod_QR&url=https%3A%2F%2Fpl.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FJ%25C4%2599zyk_narodowy"><span>Pobierz kod QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Drukuj lub eksportuj </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Specjalna:Ksi%C4%85%C5%BCka&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=J%C4%99zyk+narodowy"><span>Utwórz książkę</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Specjalna:DownloadAsPdf&page=J%C4%99zyk_narodowy&action=show-download-screen"><span>Pobierz jako PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C4%99zyk_narodowy&printable=yes" title="Wersja do wydruku [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Wersja do druku</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> W innych projektach </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q319972" title="Link do powiązanego elementu w repozytorium danych [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Element Wikidanych</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Narzędzia dla stron"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Wygląd"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Wygląd</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">przypnij</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">ukryj</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-indicator-fr-review-status" class="mw-indicator"><indicator name="fr-review-status" class="mw-fr-review-status-indicator" id="mw-fr-revision-toggle"><span class="cdx-fr-css-icon-review--status--stable"></span><b>Przejrzana</b></indicator></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Z Wikipedii, wolnej encyklopedii</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><div id="mw-fr-revision-messages"><div id="mw-fr-revision-details" class="mw-fr-revision-details-dialog" style="display:none;"><div tabindex="0"></div><div class="cdx-dialog cdx-dialog--horizontal-actions"><header class="cdx-dialog__header cdx-dialog__header--default"><div class="cdx-dialog__header__title-group"><h2 class="cdx-dialog__header__title">Status wersji strony</h2><p class="cdx-dialog__header__subtitle">To jest wersja przejrzana tej strony</p></div><button class="cdx-button cdx-button--action-default cdx-button--weight-quiet
							cdx-button--size-medium cdx-button--icon-only cdx-dialog__header__close-button" aria-label="Zamknij" onclick="document.getElementById("mw-fr-revision-details").style.display = "none";" type="submit"><span class="cdx-icon cdx-icon--medium
							cdx-fr-css-icon--close"></span></button></header><div class="cdx-dialog__body">To jest <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wersje_przejrzane" title="Wikipedia:Wersje przejrzane">wersja przejrzana</a>, która została <a class="external text" href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Specjalna:Rejestr&type=review&page=J%C4%99zyk_narodowy">oznaczona</a> <i>2 lut 2024</i>. Na przejrzenie oczekują <a class="external text" href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=J%C4%99zyk_narodowy&action=info#mw-flaggedrevs-action-info-pages-waiting-for-review">zmiany w szablonach lub plikach</a>, które są zawarte na tej stronie.</div></div><div tabindex="0"></div></div></div></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="pl" dir="ltr"><p><b>Język narodowy</b> – <a href="/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_(mowa)" title="Język (mowa)">język</a> będący środkiem <a href="/wiki/Komunikacja_j%C4%99zykowa" title="Komunikacja językowa">komunikacji</a> wśród przedstawicieli określonego narodu, uważany za podstawowy wyznacznik jego tożsamości<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a></sup>. </p><p>W Europie powszechny jest pogląd o bliskim związku języka z tożsamością narodową<sup id="cite_ref-Rusinow_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rusinow-3">[3]</a></sup>. Język narodowy podkreśla odrębność jednego narodu od drugiego, pełniąc funkcję symboliczną. Język narodowy może być zarazem <a href="/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_urz%C4%99dowy" title="Język urzędowy">językiem urzędowym</a>, służącym celom utylitarnym (przy czym nie każdy język narodowy pełni funkcję języka urzędowego)<sup id="cite_ref-Sociolinguistics_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sociolinguistics-4">[4]</a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Stratyfikacja_lingwistyczna">Stratyfikacja lingwistyczna</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C4%99zyk_narodowy&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Edytuj sekcję: Stratyfikacja lingwistyczna" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edytuj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C4%99zyk_narodowy&action=edit&section=1" title="Edytuj kod źródłowy sekcji: Stratyfikacja lingwistyczna"><span>edytuj kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Język narodowy nie stanowi całości homogenicznej – wykazuje zróżnicowanie terytorialne i <a href="/wiki/Socjolekt" title="Socjolekt">środowiskowe</a>. Wśród jego <a href="/wiki/Odmiana_j%C4%99zykowa" title="Odmiana językowa">odmian</a> (wariantów) szczególną pozycję zajmuje odmiana uważana za kulturalną (np. <a href="/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_standardowy" title="Język standardowy">język standardowy</a>), która pełni m.in. funkcję unifikacyjną i reprezentatywną<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a></sup>. Powstanie języka standardowego zakorzenia zjawisko konwergencji, czyli niwelacji różnic między odmianami języka narodowego<sup id="cite_ref-jm_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jm-7">[7]</a></sup>. </p><p>W stratyfikacji języka narodowego wyróżnia się dwa spolaryzowane elementy: język standardowy i dialekty miejscowe<sup id="cite_ref-Podstawy_dialektologii_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Podstawy_dialektologii-8">[8]</a></sup>. Warianty te stoją do siebie w opozycji, przede wszystkim z perspektywy zasięgu geograficznego (dialekt standardowy pełni funkcję języka ogólnonarodowego) i przeznaczenia funkcjonalnego (język standardowy ma charakter poliwalentny, dialekt lokalny zaś wykazuje ograniczoną funkcjonalność). Wyróżnia się również warianty językowe pozbawione pełnej formy strukturalnej, będące zbiorami specyficznych jednostek leksykalnych (np. <a href="/wiki/Slang" title="Slang">slangi</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-jm_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jm-7">[7]</a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Zobacz_też"><span id="Zobacz_te.C5.BC"></span>Zobacz też</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C4%99zyk_narodowy&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Edytuj sekcję: Zobacz też" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edytuj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C4%99zyk_narodowy&action=edit&section=2" title="Edytuj kod źródłowy sekcji: Zobacz też"><span>edytuj kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="infobox noprint plainlinks" cellpadding="4" role="presentation"> <tbody><tr> <td style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:center; width:30px;"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/WiktionaryPl_nodesc.svg/28px-WiktionaryPl_nodesc.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/WiktionaryPl_nodesc.svg/42px-WiktionaryPl_nodesc.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/WiktionaryPl_nodesc.svg/56px-WiktionaryPl_nodesc.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="122" data-file-height="117" /></span></span> </td> <td style="line-height:normal; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center; flex:unset;"><a href="https://pl.wiktionary.org/wiki/j%C4%99zyk_narodowy" class="extiw" title="wikt:język narodowy"><strong>Zobacz hasło</strong> <em>język narodowy</em> w Wikisłowniku</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r72799541">.mw-parser-output .uklad-wielokolumnowy dl,.mw-parser-output .uklad-wielokolumnowy ol,.mw-parser-output .uklad-wielokolumnowy ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .uklad-wielokolumnowy.uklad-nieprzenosny>div,.mw-parser-output .uklad-wielokolumnowy.uklad-nieprzenosny li{break-inside:avoid}</style> <div class="uklad-wielokolumnowy" style="column-width: 450px;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Etnolekt" title="Etnolekt">etnolekt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dialekt" title="Dialekt">dialekt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_urz%C4%99dowy" title="Język urzędowy">język urzędowy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_wehikularny" title="Język wehikularny">język wehikularny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_wernakularny" title="Język wernakularny">język wernakularny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_literacki" title="Język literacki">język literacki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_og%C3%B3lny" title="Język ogólny">język ogólny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_regionalny" title="Język regionalny">język regionalny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polityka_j%C4%99zykowa" title="Polityka językowa">polityka językowa</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Przypisy">Przypisy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C4%99zyk_narodowy&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Edytuj sekcję: Przypisy" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edytuj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C4%99zyk_narodowy&action=edit&section=3" title="Edytuj kod źródłowy sekcji: Przypisy"><span>edytuj kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="do-not-make-smaller refsection"><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal"><span class="cite-name-before"><span class="cite-name-full">Anna</span><span class="cite-name-initials" title="Anna" style="display:none">A.</span> </span><span class="cite-lastname">Kołodziej</span><span class="cite-name-after" style="display:none"> <span class="cite-name-full">Anna</span><span class="cite-name-initials" title="Anna">A.</span></span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pressto.amu.edu.pl/index.php/bhw/article/viewFile/18326/18116"><i>Strajki szkolne w Prusach Zachodnich – recenzja</i></a>, „Biuletyn Historii Wychowania” (25), 1233–2224, 2009, s. 159–166<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft.gengre=article&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.date=2009&rft.jtitle=Biuletyn+Historii+Wychowania&rft.atitle=Strajki+szkolne+w+Prusach+Zachodnich+%E2%80%93+recenzja&rft.edition=25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpressto.amu.edu.pl%2Findex.php%2Fbhw%2Farticle%2FviewFile%2F18326%2F18116" style="display:none"> </span>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dai.fmph.uniba.sk/~filit/fvv/vedomie_jazykove.html"><i>hasło „Jazyk národný”</i></a>, [w:] <span class="cite-name-before"><span class="cite-name-full">Jozef</span><span class="cite-name-initials" title="Jozef" style="display:none">J.</span> </span><span class="cite-lastname">Piaček</span><span class="cite-name-after" style="display:none"> <span class="cite-name-full">Jozef</span><span class="cite-name-initials" title="Jozef">J.</span></span>, <span class="cite-name-before"><span class="cite-name-full">Miloš</span><span class="cite-name-initials" title="Miloš" style="display:none">M.</span> </span><span class="cite-lastname">Kravčík</span><span class="cite-name-after" style="display:none"> <span class="cite-name-full">Miloš</span><span class="cite-name-initials" title="Miloš">M.</span></span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dai.fmph.uniba.sk/~filit/fvj/jazyk_narodny.html"><i><span lang="sk">Otvorená filozofická encyklopédia</span></i></a>, wersja 3.0, 1999<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft.gengre=bookitem&rft.aufirst=Jozef&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.btitle=Otvoren%C3%A1+filozofick%C3%A1+encyklop%C3%A9dia&rft.atitle=has%C5%82o+%E2%80%9EJazyk+n%C3%A1rodn%C3%BD%E2%80%9D&rft.date=1999&rft.aulast=Pia%C4%8Dek&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdai.fmph.uniba.sk%2F~filit%2Ffvj%2Fjazyk_narodny.html" style="display:none"> </span> <span class="lang-list">(<abbr title="Treść w języku słowackim (slovenčina)">słow.</abbr>)</span>.</cite><span class="problemy" aria-hidden="true" data-nosnippet=""> Brak numerów stron w książce</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Rusinow-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Rusinow_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><span class="cite-name-before"><span class="cite-name-full">Dennison I.</span><span class="cite-name-initials" title="Dennison I." style="display:none">D.I.</span> </span><span class="cite-lastname">Rusinow</span><span class="cite-name-after" style="display:none"> <span class="cite-name-full">Dennison I.</span><span class="cite-name-initials" title="Dennison I.">D.I.</span></span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=8vLegdmW9toC&pg=PA348"><i><span lang="en">Yugoslavia: Oblique Insights and Observations</span></i></a>, Pitssburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2008, s. 348 (przyp. 5), <a href="/wiki/Specjalna:Ksi%C4%85%C5%BCki/9780822943617" title="Specjalna:Książki/9780822943617">ISBN <span class="isbn">978-0-8229-4361-7</span></a>, <a href="/wiki/Specjalna:Ksi%C4%85%C5%BCki/9780822960102" title="Specjalna:Książki/9780822960102">ISBN <span class="isbn">978-0-8229-6010-2</span></a>, <a href="/wiki/Specjalna:Ksi%C4%85%C5%BCki/9780822973492" title="Specjalna:Książki/9780822973492">ISBN <span class="isbn">978-0-8229-7349-2</span></a>, <a href="/wiki/Online_Computer_Library_Center" title="Online Computer Library Center">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/oclc/228363880">228363880</a><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft.gengre=book&rft.place=Pitssburgh&rft.aufirst=Dennison+I.&rft.aulast=Rusinow&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0-8229-4361-7&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.btitle=Yugoslavia%3A+Oblique+Insights+and+Observations&rft.pub=University+of+Pittsburgh+Press&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F228363880&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D8vLegdmW9toC%26pg%3DPA348" style="display:none"> </span> <span class="lang-list">(<abbr title="Treść w języku angielskim (English)">ang.</abbr>)</span>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sociolinguistics-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Sociolinguistics_4-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book doi"><span class="cite-name-before"><span class="cite-name-full">Janet</span><span class="cite-name-initials" title="Janet" style="display:none">J.</span> </span><span class="cite-lastname">Holmes</span><span class="cite-name-after" style="display:none"> <span class="cite-name-full">Janet</span><span class="cite-name-initials" title="Janet">J.</span></span>, <span class="cite-name-before"><span class="cite-name-full">Nick</span><span class="cite-name-initials" title="Nick" style="display:none">N.</span> </span><span class="cite-lastname">Wilson</span><span class="cite-name-after" style="display:none"> <span class="cite-name-full">Nick</span><span class="cite-name-initials" title="Nick">N.</span></span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=SC8lDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA107"><i><span lang="en">An Introduction to Sociolinguistics</span></i></a>, wyd. 5, Abingdon–New York: Routledge, 2017, s. 106–107, <a href="/wiki/DOI_(identyfikator_cyfrowy)" title="DOI (identyfikator cyfrowy)">DOI</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.4324%2F9781315728438">10.4324/9781315728438</a>, <a href="/wiki/Specjalna:Ksi%C4%85%C5%BCki/9781317542919" title="Specjalna:Książki/9781317542919">ISBN <span class="isbn isbn-ulepszony">978-1-317-54291-9</span></a>, <a href="/wiki/Specjalna:Ksi%C4%85%C5%BCki/9781315728438" title="Specjalna:Książki/9781315728438">ISBN <span class="isbn isbn-ulepszony">978-1-315-72843-8</span></a><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft.gengre=book&rft.place=Abingdon%E2%80%93New+York&rft.edition=5&rft.aufirst=Janet&rft.aulast=Holmes&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=9781317542919&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.btitle=An+Introduction+to+Sociolinguistics&rft.pub=Routledge&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.4324%2F9781315728438&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DSC8lDwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA107" style="display:none"> </span> <span class="lang-list">(<abbr title="Treść w języku angielskim (English)">ang.</abbr>)</span>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><a href="/wiki/Marie_Kr%C4%8Dmov%C3%A1" title="Marie Krčmová"><span class="cite-name-before"><span class="cite-name-full">Marie</span><span class="cite-name-initials" title="Marie" style="display:none">M.</span> </span><span class="cite-lastname">Krčmová</span><span class="cite-name-after" style="display:none"> <span class="cite-name-full">Marie</span><span class="cite-name-initials" title="Marie">M.</span></span></a>, <span class="cite-name-before"><span class="cite-name-full">Jan</span><span class="cite-name-initials" title="Jan" style="display:none">J.</span> </span><span class="cite-lastname">Chloupek</span><span class="cite-name-after" style="display:none"> <span class="cite-name-full">Jan</span><span class="cite-name-initials" title="Jan">J.</span></span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.czechency.org/slovnik/NÁRODNÍ%20JAZYK"><i>NÁRODNÍ JAZYK</i></a>, [w:] <a href="/wiki/Petr_Karl%C3%ADk" title="Petr Karlík"><span class="cite-name-full">Petr</span><span class="cite-name-initials" title="Petr" style="display:none">P.</span> <span class="cite-lastname">Karlík</span></a>, <a href="/wiki/Marek_Nekula" title="Marek Nekula"><span class="cite-name-full">Marek</span><span class="cite-name-initials" title="Marek" style="display:none">M.</span> <span class="cite-lastname">Nekula</span></a>, <a href="/wiki/Jana_Pleskalov%C3%A1" title="Jana Pleskalová"><span class="cite-name-full">Jana</span><span class="cite-name-initials" title="Jana" style="display:none">J.</span> <span class="cite-lastname">Pleskalová</span></a> (red.), <i><span lang="cs">Nový encyklopedický slovník češtiny</span></i>, 2017<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft.gengre=bookitem&rft.aufirst=Marie&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.btitle=Nov%C3%BD+encyklopedick%C3%BD+slovn%C3%ADk+%C4%8De%C5%A1tiny&rft.atitle=N%C3%81RODN%C3%8D+JAZYK&rft.date=2017&rft.aulast=Kr%C4%8Dmov%C3%A1" style="display:none"> </span> <span class="lang-list">(<abbr title="Treść w języku czeskim (čeština)">cz.</abbr>)</span>.</cite><span class="problemy" aria-hidden="true" data-nosnippet=""> Brak numerów stron w książce</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><span class="cite-name-before"><span class="cite-name-full">Paula</span><span class="cite-name-initials" title="Paula" style="display:none">P.</span> </span><span class="cite-lastname">Sajavaara</span><span class="cite-name-after" style="display:none"> <span class="cite-name-full">Paula</span><span class="cite-name-initials" title="Paula">P.</span></span>, <i>Kielenohjailu</i>, [w:] <a href="/wiki/Kari_Sajavaara" title="Kari Sajavaara"><span class="cite-name-full">Kari</span><span class="cite-name-initials" title="Kari" style="display:none">K.</span> <span class="cite-lastname">Sajavaara</span></a>, <span class="cite-name-full">Arja</span><span class="cite-name-initials" title="Arja" style="display:none">A.</span> <span class="cite-lastname">Piirainen-Marsh</span> (red.), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://urn.fi/URN:ISBN:978-951-39-5991-3"><i><span lang="fi">Kieli, diskurssi ja yhteisö</span></i></a>, Jyväskylä: Soveltavan kielentutkimuksen keskus, Jyväskylän yliopisto, 2000, s. 67–106, <a href="/wiki/Specjalna:Ksi%C4%85%C5%BCki/9513906647" title="Specjalna:Książki/9513906647">ISBN <span class="isbn">951-39-0664-7</span></a>, <a href="/wiki/Specjalna:Ksi%C4%85%C5%BCki/9789513959913" title="Specjalna:Książki/9789513959913">ISBN <span class="isbn">978-951-39-5991-3</span></a><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft.gengre=bookitem&rft.place=Jyv%C3%A4skyl%C3%A4&rft.atitle=Kielenohjailu&rft.aufirst=Paula&rft.aulast=Sajavaara&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=951-39-0664-7&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.btitle=Kieli%2C+diskurssi+ja+yhteis%C3%B6&rft.pub=Soveltavan+kielentutkimuksen+keskus%2C+Jyv%C3%A4skyl%C3%A4n+yliopisto&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Furn.fi%2FURN%3AISBN%3A978-951-39-5991-3" style="display:none"> </span> <span class="lang-list">(<abbr title="Treść w języku fińskim (suomi)">fiń.</abbr>)</span>, vide s. 83.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-jm-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-jm_7-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-jm_7-1">b</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book nourl"><a href="/wiki/Jozef_Mistr%C3%ADk" title="Jozef Mistrík"><span class="cite-name-before"><span class="cite-name-full">Jozef</span><span class="cite-name-initials" title="Jozef" style="display:none">J.</span> </span><span class="cite-lastname">Mistrík</span><span class="cite-name-after" style="display:none"> <span class="cite-name-full">Jozef</span><span class="cite-name-initials" title="Jozef">J.</span></span></a>, <a href="/wiki/Encyklop%C3%A9dia_jazykovedy" title="Encyklopédia jazykovedy"><i>Encyklopédia jazykovedy</i></a>, wyd. 1, Bratislava: Obzor, 1993, s. 404, <a href="/wiki/Specjalna:Ksi%C4%85%C5%BCki/8021502509" title="Specjalna:Książki/8021502509">ISBN <span class="isbn isbn-ulepszony">80-215-0250-9</span></a>, <a href="/wiki/Online_Computer_Library_Center" title="Online Computer Library Center">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/oclc/29200758">29200758</a><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft.gengre=book&rft.place=Bratislava&rft.edition=1&rft.aufirst=Jozef&rft.aulast=Mistr%C3%ADk&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=8021502509&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.btitle=Encyklop%C3%A9dia+jazykovedy&rft.pub=Obzor&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F29200758" style="display:none"> </span> <span class="lang-list">(<abbr title="Treść w języku słowackim (slovenčina)">słow.</abbr>)</span>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Podstawy_dialektologii-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Podstawy_dialektologii_8-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dialektologia.uw.edu.pl/index.php?l1=podstawy-dialektologii&l2=dialekty-i-gwary-a-polszczyzna-mwr"><i>Dialekty i gwary ludowe a polszczyzna ogólna</i></a>, [w:] <a href="/wiki/Halina_Kara%C5%9B" title="Halina Karaś"><span class="cite-name-before"><span class="cite-name-full">Halina</span><span class="cite-name-initials" title="Halina" style="display:none">H.</span> </span><span class="cite-lastname">Karaś</span><span class="cite-name-after" style="display:none"> <span class="cite-name-full">Halina</span><span class="cite-name-initials" title="Halina">H.</span></span></a>, <i>Podstawy dialektologii</i>, [w:] Dialekty i gwary polskie, Zakład Historii Języka Polskiego i Dialektologii UW, Towarzystwo Kultury Języka<span class="accessdate"> [dostęp 2019-06-19]</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft.gengre=bookitem&rft.aufirst=Halina&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.btitle=Podstawy+dialektologii&rft.atitle=Dialekty+i+gwary+ludowe+a+polszczyzna+og%C3%B3lna&rft.aulast=Kara%C5%9B" style="display:none"> </span>.<span class="problemy problemy-w-cytuj" aria-hidden="true" data-nosnippet="">???</span></cite></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r74016753">.mw-parser-output #normdaten>div+div{margin-top:0.5em}.mw-parser-output #normdaten>div>div{background:var(--background-color-neutral,#eaecf0);padding:.2em .5em}.mw-parser-output #normdaten ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output #normdaten ul li:first-child{padding-left:.5em;border-left:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1)}</style> <div id="normdaten" class="catlinks"><div class="normdaten-typ-fehlt"><div><a href="/wiki/Kontrola_autorytatywna" title="Kontrola autorytatywna">Kontrola autorytatywna</a> (<span class="description">typ języka</span>):</div><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://d-nb.info/gnd/4222219-9">4222219-9</a></span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Centralna_Biblioteka_Narodowa_we_Florencji" title="Centralna Biblioteka Narodowa we Florencji">BNCF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://thes.bncf.firenze.sbn.it/termine.php?id=55290">55290</a></span></li></ul></div><div class="normdaten-andere"><div><a href="/wiki/Encyklopedia_internetowa" title="Encyklopedia internetowa">Encyklopedie internetowe</a>:</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wielka_Encyklopedia_Rosyjska" title="Wielka Encyklopedia Rosyjska">БРЭ</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://old.bigenc.ru/text/2253668">2253668</a></span></li></ul> </div></div></div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Źródło: „<a dir="ltr" href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Język_narodowy&oldid=72683225">https://pl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Język_narodowy&oldid=72683225</a>”</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Specjalna:Kategorie" title="Specjalna:Kategorie">Kategoria</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategoria:J%C4%99zyki_wed%C5%82ug_rodzaju" title="Kategoria:Języki według rodzaju">Języki według rodzaju</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Ukryte kategorie: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategoria:Szablon_cytowania_u%C5%BCywa_p%C3%B3l_opisowych" title="Kategoria:Szablon cytowania używa pól opisowych">Szablon cytowania używa pól opisowych</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategoria:Uniwersalny_szablon_cytowania_%E2%80%93_brak_strony" title="Kategoria:Uniwersalny szablon cytowania – brak strony">Uniwersalny szablon cytowania – brak strony</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategoria:Szablon_cytowania_bez_okre%C5%9Blonego_trybu" title="Kategoria:Szablon cytowania bez określonego trybu">Szablon cytowania bez określonego trybu</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategoria:Uk%C5%82ad_wielokolumnowy_z_szeroko%C5%9Bci%C4%85_w_niezalecanych_jednostkach" title="Kategoria:Układ wielokolumnowy z szerokością w niezalecanych jednostkach">Układ wielokolumnowy z szerokością w niezalecanych jednostkach</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Tę stronę ostatnio edytowano 25 sty 2024, 22:14.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Tekst udostępniany na licencji <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.pl">Creative Commons: uznanie autorstwa, na tych samych warunkach</a>, z możliwością obowiązywania dodatkowych ograniczeń. Zobacz szczegółowe informacje o <a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Policy:Terms_of_Use/pl">warunkach korzystania</a>.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Polityka prywatności</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:O_Wikipedii">O Wikipedii</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Korzystasz_z_Wikipedii_tylko_na_w%C5%82asn%C4%85_odpowiedzialno%C5%9B%C4%87">Korzystasz z Wikipedii tylko na własną odpowiedzialność</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Powszechne Zasady Postępowania</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Dla deweloperów</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/pl.wikipedia.org">Statystyki</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Oświadczenie o ciasteczkach</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//pl.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=J%C4%99zyk_narodowy&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Wersja mobilna</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-6d67bf974d-69x2m","wgBackendResponseTime":224,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.195","walltime":"0.275","ppvisitednodes":{"value":2050,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":31012,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":2160,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":10,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":8,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":15119,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":2,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 248.737 1 -total"," 46.72% 116.209 1 Szablon:Przypisy"," 38.20% 95.010 7 Szablon:Cytuj"," 30.83% 76.677 1 Szablon:Kontrola_autorytatywna"," 12.32% 30.656 1 Szablon:Wikisłownik"," 10.89% 27.096 1 Szablon:Projekt_siostrzany"," 10.02% 24.918 1 Szablon:Układ_wielokolumnowy"," 9.19% 22.858 1 Szablon:Ikona"," 2.73% 6.801 1 Szablon:Mistrík1993"," 1.67% 4.152 5 Szablon:J"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.102","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":4248029,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-logs":"required = table#1 {\n}\njournalAbbr = \"Biuletyn Historii Wychowania\"\next = nil\next = false\next = false\nrequired = table#1 {\n}\next = false\next = false\next = nil\nrequired = table#1 {\n}\next = nil\next = false\next = nil\nrequired = table#1 {\n}\next = nil\next = false\next = nil\nrequired = table#1 {\n}\next = false\next = false\next = nil\nrequired = table#1 {\n}\next = false\next = false\next = nil\nrequired = table#1 {\n}\nrequired = table#1 {\n}\next = false\next = false\next = nil\nrequired = table#1 {\n}\nrequired = table#1 {\n}\n"},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.eqiad.main-75f86cb67d-pr4v2","timestamp":"20241118201910","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"J\u0119zyk narodowy","url":"https:\/\/pl.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/J%C4%99zyk_narodowy","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q319972","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q319972","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wsp\u00f3\u0142tw\u00f3rcy projekt\u00f3w Fundacji Wikimedia"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2019-06-18T16:08:56Z","headline":"j\u0119zyk b\u0119d\u0105cy \u015brodkiem komunikacji w\u015br\u00f3d przedstawicieli okre\u015blonego narodu"}</script> </body> </html>