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transfer level</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: register transfer level"> <meta name="keywords" content="register transfer level"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="register transfer level"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 15286</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: register transfer level</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15286</span> Analysis of Lightweight Register Hardware Threat</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yang%20Luo">Yang Luo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Beibei%20Wang"> Beibei Wang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we present a design methodology of lightweight register transfer level (RTL) hardware threat implemented based on a MAX II FPGA platform. The dynamic power consumed by the toggling of the various bit of registers as well as the dynamic power consumed per unit of logic circuits were analyzed. The hardware threat was designed taking advantage of the differences in dynamic power consumed per unit of logic circuits to hide the transfer information. The experiment result shows that the register hardware threat was successfully implemented by using different dynamic power consumed per unit of logic circuits to hide the key information of DES encryption module. It needs more than 100000 sample curves to reduce the background noise by comparing the sample space when it completely meets the time alignment requirement. In additional, an external trigger signal is playing a very important role to detect the hardware threat in this experiment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=side-channel%20analysis" title="side-channel analysis">side-channel analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hardware%20Trojan" title=" hardware Trojan"> hardware Trojan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=register%20transfer%20level" title=" register transfer level"> register transfer level</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynamic%20power" title=" dynamic power"> dynamic power</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58138/analysis-of-lightweight-register-hardware-threat" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58138.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">279</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15285</span> Transportation Language Register as One of Language Community</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Diyah%20Atiek%20Mustikawati">Diyah Atiek Mustikawati</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Language register refers to a variety of a language used for particular purpose or in a particular social setting. Language register also means as a concept of adapting one’s use of language to conform to standards or tradition in a given professional or social situation. This descriptive study tends to discuss about the form of language register in transportation aspect, factors, also the function of use it. Mostly, language register in transportation aspect uses short sentences in form of informal register. The factor caused language register used are speaker, word choice, background of language. The functions of language register in transportations aspect are to make communication between crew easily, also to keep safety when they were in bad condition. Transportation language register developed naturally as one of variety of language used. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=language%20register" title="language register">language register</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=language%20variety" title=" language variety"> language variety</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=communication" title=" communication"> communication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transportation" title=" transportation"> transportation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37039/transportation-language-register-as-one-of-language-community" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37039.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">486</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15284</span> Seamless MATLAB® to Register-Transfer Level Design Methodology Using High-Level Synthesis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Petri%20Solanti">Petri Solanti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Russell%20Klein"> Russell Klein</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Many designers are asking for an automated path from an abstract mathematical MATLAB model to a high-quality Register-Transfer Level (RTL) hardware description. Manual transformations of MATLAB or intermediate code are needed, when the design abstraction is changed. Design conversion is problematic as it is multidimensional and it requires many different design steps to translate the mathematical representation of the desired functionality to an efficient hardware description with the same behavior and configurability. Yet, a manual model conversion is not an insurmountable task. Using currently available design tools and an appropriate design methodology, converting a MATLAB model to efficient hardware is a reasonable effort. This paper describes a simple and flexible design methodology that was developed together with several design teams. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=design%20methodology" title="design methodology">design methodology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high-level%20synthesis" title=" high-level synthesis"> high-level synthesis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MATLAB" title=" MATLAB"> MATLAB</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=verification" title=" verification"> verification</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/126030/seamless-matlab-to-register-transfer-level-design-methodology-using-high-level-synthesis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/126030.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">139</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15283</span> An Approach for Vocal Register Recognition Based on Spectral Analysis of Singing</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aleksandra%20Zysk">Aleksandra Zysk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pawel%20Badura"> Pawel Badura</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Recognizing and controlling vocal registers during singing is a difficult task for beginner vocalist. It requires among others identifying which part of natural resonators is being used when a sound propagates through the body. Thus, an application has been designed allowing for sound recording, automatic vocal register recognition (VRR), and a graphical user interface providing real-time visualization of the signal and recognition results. Six spectral features are determined for each time frame and passed to the support vector machine classifier yielding a binary decision on the head or chest register assignment of the segment. The classification training and testing data have been recorded by ten professional female singers (soprano, aged 19-29) performing sounds for both chest and head register. The classification accuracy exceeded 93% in each of various validation schemes. Apart from a hard two-class clustering, the support vector classifier returns also information on the distance between particular feature vector and the discrimination hyperplane in a feature space. Such an information reflects the level of certainty of the vocal register classification in a fuzzy way. Thus, the designed recognition and training application is able to assess and visualize the continuous trend in singing in a user-friendly graphical mode providing an easy way to control the vocal emission. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=classification" title="classification">classification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=singing" title=" singing"> singing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spectral%20analysis" title=" spectral analysis"> spectral analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vocal%20emission" title=" vocal emission"> vocal emission</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vocal%20register" title=" vocal register"> vocal register</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65464/an-approach-for-vocal-register-recognition-based-on-spectral-analysis-of-singing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65464.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">304</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15282</span> Access to Apprenticeships and the Impact of Individual and School Level Characteristics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marianne%20D%C3%A6hlen">Marianne Dæhlen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Periods of apprenticeships are characteristic of many vocational educational training (VET) systems. In many countries, becoming a skilled worker implies that the journey starts with an application for apprenticeships at a company or another relevant training establishment. In Norway, where this study is conducted, VET students start their journey with two years of school-based training before applying for two years of apprenticeship. Previous research has shown that access to apprenticeships differs by family background (socio-economic, immigrant, etc.), gender, school grades, and region. The question we raise in this study is whether the status, reputation, or position of the vocational school contributes to VET students’ access to apprenticeships. Data and methods: Register data containing information about schools’ and VET students’ characteristics will be analyzed in multilevel regression analyses. At the school level, the data will contain information on school size, shares of immigrants and/or share of male/female students, and grade requirements for admission. At the VET-student level, the register contains information on e.g., gender, school grades, educational program/trade, obtaining apprenticeship or not. The data set comprises about 3,000 students. Results: The register data is expected to be received in November 2024 and consequently, any results are not present at the point of this call. The planned article is part of a larger research project granted from the Norwegian Research Council and will, accordingly to the plan, start up in December 2024. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=apprenticeships" title="apprenticeships">apprenticeships</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=VET-students%E2%80%99%20characteristics" title=" VET-students’ characteristics"> VET-students’ characteristics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vocational%20schools" title=" vocational schools"> vocational schools</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quantitative%20methods" title=" quantitative methods"> quantitative methods</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/193291/access-to-apprenticeships-and-the-impact-of-individual-and-school-level-characteristics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/193291.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">9</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15281</span> Phase Control in Population Inversion Using Chirped Laser</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Avijit%20Datta">Avijit Datta</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We have presented a phase control scheme in population transfer using chirped laser fields. A chirped pulse can do population transfer from one level to another level via adiabatic rapid passage accessible by one photon dipole transition. We propose to use a pair of phase-locked chirped pulses of the same frequency w(t) instead of a singly chirped-pulse frequency w(t). Simultaneous action of phase controlled interference in addition to rapid adiabatic passages due to chirped pulses lead to phase control over this population transfer dynamics. We have demonstrated the proposed phase control scheme over the population distribution from the initial level X(v=0,j=0) to C(v=2,j=1) level of hydrogen molecule using a pair of phase-locked and similarly chirped laser pulses. We have extended this two-level system to three-level 1+1 ladder system of hydrogen molecule from X level to final J(v=2,j=2) level via C intermediate level using two pairs of laser pulses having frequencies w(t) and w'(t) respectively and obtained laudable control over the population distribution among three levels. We also have presented some results of interference effects of w₁(t) and its third harmonics w₃(t). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phase%20control" title="phase control">phase control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=population%20transfer" title=" population transfer"> population transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chirped%20laser%20pulses" title=" chirped laser pulses"> chirped laser pulses</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rapid%20adiabatic%20passage" title=" rapid adiabatic passage"> rapid adiabatic passage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laser-molecule%20interaction" title=" laser-molecule interaction "> laser-molecule interaction </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62398/phase-control-in-population-inversion-using-chirped-laser" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62398.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">362</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15280</span> Transfer of Contractual Right of Suit Evidenced in Carriage Contract of Bill of Lading in Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eunice%20Chiamaka%20Allen-Ngbale">Eunice Chiamaka Allen-Ngbale</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Prior to bill of lading (BOL), merchants travelled along with their goods; then recorded the goods in the ship’s mates’ register; and finally started selling the goods while in transit by way of BOL, indicative that BOL is negotiable. Common law doctrine of privity of contract did not allow the transfer of right to sue to a non-party to the contract. This created hardship to cargo owners, which made many jurisdictions enact laws in this regard. Bill of Lading Act 1855 (BLA) was enacted in the United Kingdom, which applied as statute of general application under section 375 Merchant Shipping Act 1990 (MSA) in Nigeria; and conferred contractual rights of the suit on consignees and endorsees, but on the passing of ownership upon or by reason of such consignment or endorsement on the shipment of the goods simultaneously. The repeal of section 375 MSA by section 439 MSA 2007 created a lacuna, and the doctrine of privity of contract is the extant law in Nigeria. The aim of this study is to evaluate laws governing the transfer of the contractual right of suit to a third party under the bill of lading in Nigeria. The specific objectives of this study are to ascertain: (i) whether the extant law of common law doctrine of privity of the contract covers the transfer of the right of suit to the third party under the bill of lading in Nigeria; (ii) impediment(s) of the common law to transfer such right in Nigeria in the absence of any legislation; (iii) the level of applicability of the doctrine of privity of contract as it relates to transfer of the contractual right of suit to third party under the bill of lading in Nigeria; and (iv) whether to proffer possible suggestion on how to fill the lacuna left by the repeal of Merchant Shipping Act 1990. This work adopted a doctrinal approach with reliance on primary and secondary source materials. It finds that the common law doctrine of privity of contract in Nigeria is retrogressive. This work recommends for amendment of the relevant statute to cure this defect/lacuna like other commonwealth nations for best international practices. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contract%20of%20carriage%20by%20sea" title="contract of carriage by sea">contract of carriage by sea</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=doctrine%20of%20privity%20of%20contract" title=" doctrine of privity of contract"> doctrine of privity of contract</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lawful%20holder%20of%20bill%20of%20lading" title=" lawful holder of bill of lading"> lawful holder of bill of lading</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=third%20party%20right%20of%20suit" title=" third party right of suit"> third party right of suit</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/137755/transfer-of-contractual-right-of-suit-evidenced-in-carriage-contract-of-bill-of-lading-in-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/137755.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">160</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15279</span> Decomposition of the Customer-Server Interaction in Grocery Shops</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andreas%20Ahrens">Andreas Ahrens</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ojaras%20Purvinis"> Ojaras Purvinis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jelena%20Zascerinska"> Jelena Zascerinska</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A successful shopping experience without overcrowded shops and long waiting times undoubtedly leads to the release of happiness hormones and is generally considered the goal of any optimization. Factors influencing the shopping experience can be divided into internal and external ones. External factors are related, e. g. to the arrival of the customers to the shop, whereas internal are linked with the service process itself when checking out (waiting in the queue to the cash register and the scanning of the goods as well as the payment process itself) or any other non-expected delay when changing the status from a visitor to a buyer by choosing goods or items. This paper divides the customer-server interaction into five phases starting with the customer's arrival at the shop, the selection of goods, the buyer waiting in the queue to the cash register, the payment process, and ending with the customer or buyer's departure. Our simulation results show how five phases are intertwined and influence the overall shopping experience. Parameters for measuring the shopping experience are estimated based on the burstiness level in each of the five phases of the customer-server interaction. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=customers%E2%80%99%20burstiness" title="customers’ burstiness">customers’ burstiness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cash%20register" title=" cash register"> cash register</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=customers%E2%80%99%20wait-ing%20time" title=" customers’ wait-ing time"> customers’ wait-ing time</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gap%20distribution%20function" title=" gap distribution function"> gap distribution function</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147564/decomposition-of-the-customer-server-interaction-in-grocery-shops" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147564.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">148</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15278</span> Teaching for Knowledge Transfer: Best Practices from a Graduate-Level Educational Psychology Distance Learning Program</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bobby%20Hoffman">Bobby Hoffman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> One measure of effective instruction is the ability to solve authentic, real-world problems by effectively transferring and applying classroom and textbook knowledge. While many students can productively earn high grades and learn course content, they are not always able to apply the knowledge they gain. As such, this quasi-experimental study compared the comprehensive exit exam results of learners across instructional modalities who completed a prominent graduate-level educational psychology program. ANCOVA revealed superior knowledge transfer for blended-learning students compared to those who completed distance education and significantly greater transfer of declarative, procedural, and self-regulatory knowledge by the blended-learning students. This paper briefly summarizes the study results while highlighting evidence-based programmatic and course level modifications that were implemented to specifically address the transfer of learning and practical application of educational psychology knowledge. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=assessment" title="assessment">assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distance%20learning" title=" distance learning"> distance learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=educational%20psychology" title=" educational psychology"> educational psychology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=knowledge%20transfer" title=" knowledge transfer"> knowledge transfer</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/136938/teaching-for-knowledge-transfer-best-practices-from-a-graduate-level-educational-psychology-distance-learning-program" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/136938.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">177</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15277</span> MCERTL: Mutation-Based Correction Engine for Register-Transfer Level Designs</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khaled%20Salah">Khaled Salah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we present MCERTL (mutation-based correction engine for RTL designs) as an automatic error correction technique based on mutation analysis. A mutation-based correction methodology is proposed to automatically fix the erroneous RTL designs. The proposed strategy combines the processes of mutation and assertion-based localization. The erroneous statements are mutated to produce possible fixes for the failed RTL code. A concurrent mutation engine is proposed to mitigate the computational cost of running sequential mutants operators. The proposed methodology is evaluated against some benchmarks. The experimental results demonstrate that our proposed method enables us to automatically locate and correct multiple bugs at reasonable time. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bug%20localization" title="bug localization">bug localization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=error%20correction" title=" error correction"> error correction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mutation" title=" mutation"> mutation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mutants" title=" mutants"> mutants</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80068/mcertl-mutation-based-correction-engine-for-register-transfer-level-designs" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80068.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">280</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15276</span> Partial Knowledge Transfer Between the Source Problem and the Target Problem in Genetic Algorithms</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Terence%20Soule">Terence Soule</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tami%20Al%20Ghamdi"> Tami Al Ghamdi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> To study how the partial knowledge transfer may affect the Genetic Algorithm (GA) performance, we model the Transfer Learning (TL) process using GA as the model solver. The objective of the TL is to transfer the knowledge from one problem to another related problem. This process imitates how humans think in their daily life. In this paper, we proposed to study a case where the knowledge transferred from the S problem has less information than what the T problem needs. We sampled the transferred population using different strategies of TL. The results showed transfer part of the knowledge is helpful and speeds the GA process of finding a solution to the problem. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transfer%20learning" title="transfer learning">transfer learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=partial%20transfer" title=" partial transfer"> partial transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=evolutionary%20computation" title=" evolutionary computation"> evolutionary computation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genetic%20algorithm" title=" genetic algorithm"> genetic algorithm</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147924/partial-knowledge-transfer-between-the-source-problem-and-the-target-problem-in-genetic-algorithms" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147924.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">132</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15275</span> The Impact of Skills-Development Training on Lower-Level Employee's Motivation and Job Satisfaction: A Case-Study of Five South African Companies</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20N.%20Naong">M. N. Naong</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Empirical findings of the impact of training on employee motivation and job satisfaction are reported. One of the major debilitating effects of the legacy of apartheid is a high level of illiteracy in the South African population. Encouraging the corporate sector through levies to promote skills development seems to have been received with mixed feelings. In this regard, the impact of training on the motivation level and job satisfaction of randomly sampled employees of five companies in two South African provinces is reported on. A longitudinal study, with a pre- and post-quasi experimental research design, was adopted to achieve the goal of the study - using a Job Description Index (JDI) measuring instrument to collect data from the respondents. There was a significant correlation between job satisfaction and effectiveness of training transfer - i.e. those employees who received more training were more motivated than those who received less training or no training at all. It is concluded that managers need to appreciate and ensure that the effectiveness of skills transfer is a critical determinant, that must illuminate the underlying challenges of achieving bottom-line targets. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=employee%20motivation" title="employee motivation">employee motivation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=skills%20transfer" title=" skills transfer"> skills transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=moderating%20effect" title=" moderating effect"> moderating effect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=job%20satisfaction" title=" job satisfaction"> job satisfaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lower-level%20employees" title=" lower-level employees"> lower-level employees</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7325/the-impact-of-skills-development-training-on-lower-level-employees-motivation-and-job-satisfaction-a-case-study-of-five-south-african-companies" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7325.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">312</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15274</span> Response Surface Methodology to Optimize the Performance of a Co2 Geothermal Thermosyphon</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Badache%20Messaoud">Badache Messaoud</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Geothermal thermosyphons (GTs) are increasingly used in many heating and cooling geothermal applications owing to their high heat transfer performance. This paper proposes a response surface methodology (RSM) to investigate and optimize the performance of a CO2 geothermal thermosyphon. The filling ratio (FR), temperature, and flow rate of the heat transfer fluid are selected as the designing parameters, and heat transfer rate and effectiveness are adopted as response parameters (objective functions). First, a dedicated experimental GT test bench filled with CO2 was built and subjected to different test conditions. An RSM was used to establish corresponding models between the input parameters and responses. Various diagnostic tests were used to assess evaluate the quality and validity of the best-fit models, which explain respectively 98.9% and 99.2% of the output result’s variability. Overall, it is concluded from the RSM analysis that the heat transfer fluid inlet temperatures and the flow rate are the factors that have the greatest impact on heat transfer (Q) rate and effectiveness (εff), while the FR has only a slight effect on Q and no effect on εff. The maximal heat transfer rate and effectiveness achieved are 1.86 kW and 47.81%, respectively. Moreover, these optimal values are associated with different flow rate levels (mc level = 1 for Q and -1 for εff), indicating distinct operating regions for maximizing Q and εff within the GT system. Therefore, a multilevel optimization approach is necessary to optimize both the heat transfer rate and effectiveness simultaneously. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geothermal%20thermosiphon" title="geothermal thermosiphon">geothermal thermosiphon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=co2" title=" co2"> co2</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Response%20surface%20methodology" title=" Response surface methodology"> Response surface methodology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20transfer%20performance" title=" heat transfer performance"> heat transfer performance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168575/response-surface-methodology-to-optimize-the-performance-of-a-co2-geothermal-thermosyphon" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168575.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">70</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15273</span> Technology Transfer and FDI: Some Lessons for Tunisia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Assaad%20Ghazouani">Assaad Ghazouani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hedia%20Teraoui"> Hedia Teraoui</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this article is to try to see if the FDI actually contributes to technology transfer in Tunisia or are there other sources that can guarantee this transfer? The answer to this problem was gradual as we followed an approach using economic theory, the reality of Tunisia and econometric and statistical tools. We examined the relationship between technology transfer and FDI in Tunisia over a period of 40 years from 1970 to 2010. We estimated in two stages: first, a growth equation, then we have learned from this regression residue (proxy technology), secondly, we regressed on European FDI, exports of manufactures, imports of goods from the European Union in addition to other variables to test the robustness of the results and describing the level of infrastructure in the country. It follows from our study that technology transfer does not originate primarily and exclusively in the FDI and the latter is econometrically weakly with technology transfer and spill over effect of FDI does not seem to occur according to our results. However, the relationship between technology transfer and imports is negative and significant. Although this result is cons-intuitive, is recurrent in the literature of panel data. It has also given rise to intense debate on the microeconomic modelling as well as on the empirical applications. Technology transfer through trade or foreign investment has become a catalyst for growth recognized by numerous empirical studies in particular. However, the relationship technology transfer FDI is more complex than it appears. This complexity is due, primarily, but not exclusively to the close link between FDI and the characteristics of the host country. This is essentially the host's responsibility to establish general conditions, transparent and conducive to investment, and to strengthen human and institutional capacity necessary for foreign capital flows that can have real effects on growth. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=technology%20transfer" title="technology transfer">technology transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=foreign%20direct%20investment" title=" foreign direct investment"> foreign direct investment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economics" title=" economics"> economics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finance" title=" finance"> finance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6103/technology-transfer-and-fdi-some-lessons-for-tunisia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6103.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">320</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15272</span> University-Industry Technology Transfer and Technology Transfer Offices in Emerging Economies</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jos%C3%A9%20Carlos%20Rodr%C3%ADguez">José Carlos Rodríguez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mario%20G%C3%B3mez"> Mario Gómez</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this paper is to get insight on the nature of university-industry technology transfer (UITT) and technology transfer offices (TTOs) activity at universities in the case of emerging economies. In relation to the process of transferring knowledge/technology in the case of emerging economies, knowledge/technology transfer in these economies are more reactive than in developed economies due to differences in maturity of technologies. It is assumed in this paper that knowledge/technology transfer is a complex phenomenon, and thus the paper contributes to get insight on the nature of UITT and TTOs creation in the case of emerging economies by using a system dynamics model of knowledge/technology transfer in these countries. The paper recognizes the differences between industrialized countries and emerging economies on these phenomena. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=university-industry%20technology%20transfer" title="university-industry technology transfer">university-industry technology transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=technology%20transfer%20offices" title=" technology transfer offices"> technology transfer offices</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=technology%20transfer%20models" title=" technology transfer models"> technology transfer models</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emerging%20economies" title=" emerging economies"> emerging economies</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88464/university-industry-technology-transfer-and-technology-transfer-offices-in-emerging-economies" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88464.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">250</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15271</span> A Study of Transferable Strategies in Multilanguage Learning</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zixi%20You">Zixi You</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> With the demand of multilingual speakers increasing in the job market, multi-language learning programs have become more and more popular among undergraduate students. A study on multi-language learning strategies is therefore highly demanded on both practical and theoretical levels. Based on previous classification of learning strategies in SLA, and an investigation of BA Modern Language program students (with post-A level L2 and ab initio L3 learning experience from year one), this study explores and compares different types of learning strategies used by multi-language speakers and learners, transferable learning strategies between L2 and L3, and factors affecting the transfer. The results indicate that all the 23 types of learning strategies of L2 are employed when learning L3 from ab initio level, yet with different tendencies. Learning strategy transfer from L2 to L3 (i.e., the learners attribute the applying of these L3 learning strategies to be a direct result of their L2 learning experience) are observed in all 23 types of learning strategies. Comparatively, six types of “cognitive strategies” have higher transfer tendency than others. With regard to the failure of the transfer of some particular L2 strategies and the development of independent L3 strategies of individual learners, factors such as language proficiency, language typology and learning environment have played important roles among others. The presentation of this study will provide audiences with detailed data, insightful analysis and discussion on both theoretical and practical aspects of multi-language learning that will benefit both students and educators. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=learning%20strategy" title="learning strategy">learning strategy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-language%20acquisition" title=" multi-language acquisition"> multi-language acquisition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=second%20language%20acquisition" title=" second language acquisition"> second language acquisition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strategy%20transfer" title=" strategy transfer"> strategy transfer</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29430/a-study-of-transferable-strategies-in-multilanguage-learning" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29430.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">575</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15270</span> An 8-Bit, 100-MSPS Fully Dynamic SAR ADC for Ultra-High Speed Image Sensor</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Rarbi">F. Rarbi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Dzahini"> D. Dzahini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W.%20Uhring"> W. Uhring</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, a dynamic and power efficient 8-bit and 100-MSPS Successive Approximation Register (SAR) Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) is presented. The circuit uses a non-differential capacitive Digital-to-Analog (DAC) architecture segmented by 2. The prototype is produced in a commercial 65-nm 1P7M CMOS technology with 1.2-V supply voltage. The size of the core ADC is 208.6 x 103.6 µm<sup>2</sup>. The post-layout noise simulation results feature a SNR of 46.9 dB at Nyquist frequency, which means an effective number of bit (ENOB) of 7.5-b. The total power consumption of this SAR ADC is only 1.55 mW at 100-MSPS. It achieves then a figure of merit of 85.6 fJ/step. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CMOS%20analog%20to%20digital%20converter" title="CMOS analog to digital converter">CMOS analog to digital converter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynamic%20comparator" title=" dynamic comparator"> dynamic comparator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image%20sensor%20application" title=" image sensor application"> image sensor application</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=successive%20approximation%20register" title=" successive approximation register"> successive approximation register</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75988/an-8-bit-100-msps-fully-dynamic-sar-adc-for-ultra-high-speed-image-sensor" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75988.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">418</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15269</span> Exploiting SLMail Server with a Developed Buffer Overflow with Kali Linux</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Senesh%20Wijayarathne">Senesh Wijayarathne</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study focuses on how someone could develop a Buffer Overflow and could use that to exploit the SLMail Server. This study uses a Kali Linux V2018.4 Virtual Machine and Windows 7 - Internet Explorer V8 Virtual Machine (IPv4 Address - 192.168.56.107). This study starts by sending continued bytes to the SLMail Server to find the crashing point range and creating a unique pattern of the length of the crashing point range to control the Extended Instruction Pointer (EIP). Then by sending all characters to SLMail Server, we could observe and find which characters are not rendered properly by the software, also known as Bad Characters. By finding the ‘Jump to the ESP register (JMP ESP) and with the help of ‘Mona Modules’, we could use msfvenom to create a non-stage windows reverse shell payload. By including all the details gathered previously on one script, we could get a system-level reverse shell of the Windows 7 PC. The end of this paper will discuss how to mitigate this vulnerability. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=slmail%20server" title="slmail server">slmail server</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=extended%20instruction%20pointer" title=" extended instruction pointer"> extended instruction pointer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=jump%20to%20the%20esp%20register" title=" jump to the esp register"> jump to the esp register</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bad%20characters" title=" bad characters"> bad characters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=virtual%20machine" title=" virtual machine"> virtual machine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=windows%207" title=" windows 7"> windows 7</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kali%20Linux" title=" kali Linux"> kali Linux</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=buffer%20overflow" title=" buffer overflow"> buffer overflow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seattle%20lab" title=" Seattle lab"> Seattle lab</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vulnerability" title=" vulnerability"> vulnerability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150375/exploiting-slmail-server-with-a-developed-buffer-overflow-with-kali-linux" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150375.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">165</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15268</span> Jet Impingement Heat Transfer on a Rib-Roughened Flat Plate</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20H.%20Alenezi">A. H. Alenezi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cooling by impingement jet is known to have a significant high local and average heat transfer coefficient which make it widely used in industrial cooling systems. The heat transfer characteristics of an impinging jet on rib-roughened flat plate has been investigated numerically. This paper was set out to investigate the effect of rib height on the heat transfer rate. Since the flow needs to have enough spacing after passing the rib to allow reattachment especially for high Reynolds numbers, this study focuses on finding the optimum rib height which would be the best to maximize the heat transfer rate downstream the plate. This investigation employs a round nozzle with hydraulic diameter (Dh) of 13.5 mm, Jet-to-target distance of (H/D) of 4, rib location=1.5D and and finally jet angels of 45˚ and 90˚ under the influence of Re =10,000. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=jet%20impingement" title="jet impingement">jet impingement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CFD" title=" CFD"> CFD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=turbulence%20model" title=" turbulence model"> turbulence model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20transfer" title=" heat transfer"> heat transfer</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57530/jet-impingement-heat-transfer-on-a-rib-roughened-flat-plate" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57530.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">351</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15267</span> Experimental Study of Heat Transfer Enhancement Using Protruded Rectangular Fin</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tarique%20Jamil%20Khan">Tarique Jamil Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Swapnil%20Pande"> Swapnil Pande</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The investigation deals with the study of heat transfer enhancement using protruded square fin. This study is enough to determine whether protrusion in forced convection is enough to enhance the rate of heat transfer. It includes the results after performing experiments by using a plane rectangular fin of aluminum material and the same dimension rectangular fin of the same material but having protruded circular shape extended normally. The fins made by a sand casting method. The results clearly mentioned that the protruded surface is effective enough to enhance the rate of heat transfer. This research investigates a modern fin topologies heat transfer characteristics that will clearly outdated the conventional fin to increase the rate of heat transfer. Protruded fins improve the rate of heat transfer compared to solid fin by varying shape of the protrusion in diameter and height. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20transfer%20enhancement" title="heat transfer enhancement">heat transfer enhancement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forced%20convection" title=" forced convection"> forced convection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=protruted%20fin" title=" protruted fin"> protruted fin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rectangular%20fin" title=" rectangular fin"> rectangular fin</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56370/experimental-study-of-heat-transfer-enhancement-using-protruded-rectangular-fin" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56370.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">362</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15266</span> Exergy Losses Relation with Driving Forces in Heat Transfer Process</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Ali%20Ashrafizadeh">S. Ali Ashrafizadeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Amidpour"> M. Amidpour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Hedayat"> N. Hedayat </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Driving forces along with transfer coefficient affect on heat transfer rate, on the other hand, with regard to the relation of these forces with irriversibilities they are effective on exergy losses. Therefore, the driving forces can be used as a relation between heat transfer rate, transfer coefficients and exergy losses. In this paper, first, the relation of the exergetic efficiency and resistant forces is obtained, next the relation between exergy efficiency, relative driving force, heat transfer rate and heat resistances is considered. In all cases, results are argued graphically. Finally, a case study inspected by obtained results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20transfer" title="heat transfer">heat transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exergy%20losses" title=" exergy losses"> exergy losses</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exergetic%20efficiency" title=" exergetic efficiency"> exergetic efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=driving%20forces" title=" driving forces"> driving forces</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30134/exergy-losses-relation-with-driving-forces-in-heat-transfer-process" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30134.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">604</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15265</span> Forster Energy Transfer and Optoelectronic Properties of (PFO/TiO2)/Fluorol 7GA Hybrid Thin Films</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bandar%20Ali%20Al-Asbahi">Bandar Ali Al-Asbahi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Hafizuddin%20Haji%20Jumali"> Mohammad Hafizuddin Haji Jumali</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Forster energy transfer between poly (9,9'-di-n-octylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl) (PFO)/TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) as a donor and Fluorol 7GA as an acceptor has been studied. The energy transfer parameters were calculated by using mathematical models. The dominant mechanism responsible for the energy transfer between the donor and acceptor molecules was Forster-type, as evidenced by large values of quenching rate constant, energy transfer rate constant and critical distance of energy transfer. Moreover, these composites which were used as an emissive layer in organic light emitting diodes, were investigated in terms of current density–voltage and electroluminescence spectra. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20transfer%20parameters" title="energy transfer parameters">energy transfer parameters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forster-type" title=" forster-type"> forster-type</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electroluminescence" title=" electroluminescence"> electroluminescence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organic%20light%20emitting%20diodes" title=" organic light emitting diodes "> organic light emitting diodes </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1635/forster-energy-transfer-and-optoelectronic-properties-of-pfotio2fluorol-7ga-hybrid-thin-films" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1635.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">426</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15264</span> Development of Numerical Method for Mass Transfer across the Moving Membrane with Selective Permeability: Approximation of the Membrane Shape by Level Set Method for Numerical Integral</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Suguru%20Miyauchi">Suguru Miyauchi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Toshiyuki%20Hayase"> Toshiyuki Hayase</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Biological membranes have selective permeability, and the capsules or cells enclosed by the membrane show the deformation by the osmotic flow. This mass transport phenomenon is observed everywhere in a living body. For the understanding of the mass transfer in a body, it is necessary to consider the mass transfer phenomenon across the membrane as well as the deformation of the membrane by a flow. To our knowledge, in the numerical analysis, the method for mass transfer across the moving membrane has not been established due to the difficulty of the treating of the mass flux permeating through the moving membrane with selective permeability. In the existing methods for the mass transfer across the membrane, the approximate delta function is used to communicate the quantities on the interface. The methods can reproduce the permeation of the solute, but cannot reproduce the non-permeation. Moreover, the computational accuracy decreases with decreasing of the permeable coefficient of the membrane. This study aims to develop the numerical method capable of treating three-dimensional problems of mass transfer across the moving flexible membrane. One of the authors developed the numerical method with high accuracy based on the finite element method. This method can capture the discontinuity on the membrane sharply due to the consideration of the jumps in concentration and concentration gradient in the finite element discretization. The formulation of the method takes into account the membrane movement, and both permeable and non-permeable membranes can be treated. However, searching the cross points of the membrane and fluid element boundaries and splitting the fluid element into sub-elements are needed for the numerical integral. Therefore, cumbersome operation is required for a three-dimensional problem. In this paper, we proposed an improved method to avoid the search and split operations, and confirmed its effectiveness. The membrane shape was treated implicitly by introducing the level set function. As the construction of the level set function, the membrane shape in one fluid element was expressed by the shape function of the finite element method. By the numerical experiment, it was found that the shape function with third order appropriately reproduces the membrane shapes. The same level of accuracy compared with the previous method using search and split operations was achieved by using a number of sampling points of the numerical integral. The effectiveness of the method was confirmed by solving several model problems. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20element%20method" title="finite element method">finite element method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=level%20set%20method" title=" level set method"> level set method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mass%20transfer" title=" mass transfer"> mass transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=membrane%20permeability" title=" membrane permeability"> membrane permeability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57272/development-of-numerical-method-for-mass-transfer-across-the-moving-membrane-with-selective-permeability-approximation-of-the-membrane-shape-by-level-set-method-for-numerical-integral" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57272.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">250</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15263</span> A Study of Learning Achievement for Heat Transfer by Using Experimental Sets of Convection with the Predict-Observe-Explain Teaching Technique</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wanlapa%20Boonsod">Wanlapa Boonsod</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nisachon%20Yangprasong"> Nisachon Yangprasong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Udomsak%20Kitthawee"> Udomsak Kitthawee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Thermal physics education is a complicated and challenging topic to discuss in any classroom. As a result, most students tend to be uninterested in learning this topic. In the current study, a convection experiment set was devised to show how heat can be transferred by a convection system to a thermoelectric plate until a LED flashes. This research aimed to 1) create a natural convection experimental set, 2) study learning achievement on the convection experimental set with the predict-observe-explain (POE) technique, and 3) study satisfaction for the convection experimental set with the predict-observe-explain (POE) technique. The samples were chosen by purposive sampling and comprised 28 students in grade 11 at Patumkongka School in Bangkok, Thailand. The primary research instrument was the plan for predict-observe-explain (POE) technique on heat transfer using a convection experimental set. Heat transfer experimental set by convection. The instruments used to collect data included a heat transfer achievement model by convection, a Satisfaction Questionnaire after the learning activity, and the predict-observe-explain (POE) technique for heat transfer using a convection experimental set. The research format comprised a one-group pretest-posttest design. The data was analyzed by GeoGebra program. The statistics used in the research were mean, standard deviation and t-test for dependent samples. The results of the research showed that achievement on heat transfer using convection experimental set was composed of thermo-electrics on the top side attached to the heat sink and another side attached to a stainless plate. Electrical current was displayed by the flashing of a 5v LED. The entire set of thermo-electrics was set up on the top of the box and heated by an alcohol burner. The achievement of learning was measured with the predict-observe-explain (POE) technique, with the natural convection experimental set statistically higher than before learning at a 0.01 level. Satisfaction with POE for physics learning of heat transfer by using convection experimental set was at a high level (4.83 from 5.00). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=convection" title="convection">convection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20transfer" title=" heat transfer"> heat transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physics%20education" title=" physics education"> physics education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=POE" title=" POE"> POE</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93014/a-study-of-learning-achievement-for-heat-transfer-by-using-experimental-sets-of-convection-with-the-predict-observe-explain-teaching-technique" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93014.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">218</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15262</span> Patterns and Effects of International Trade in Technology: Firm-Level Evidence</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Heeyong%20Noh">Heeyong Noh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seongryong%20Kang"> Seongryong Kang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sungjoo%20Lee"> Sungjoo Lee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> As the world becomes increasingly interconnected, firms have tried to explore market opportunities not only in the domestic market but also abroad. In particular, transactions of intangible assets in the global market now take on great importance. Accordingly, technology transfer activities such as patent licensing, copyright transfer, or workforce trainings which are considered significant to leverage an organization’s internal capabilities, are occurring more frequently and briskly across the world than ever before. Though a number of studies have addressed the issues regarding technology transfer, most of them have focused on university-industry technology transfer. Of course, some have investigated international technology transfer phenomenon but used patent citations data as a proxy. In order to understand the phenomena more clearly, it would be necessary to collect and analyze data that can measure technology transfer activities between firms more directly. Therefore, this study aims to examine the patterns of international trade in technology by employing data about international technology in-licensing activities in Korean firms. We also investigate the effect of international technology in-licensing strategy on a firm’s innovation performance. The research findings are expected to help R&D managers understand how firms have absorbed technological knowledge from foreign firms in the form of licensing and further develop effective international collaboration strategies. In addition, significant implications can be offered for political decision-making regarding technology trade within increasing international interconnections. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=international%20technology%20trade" title="international technology trade">international technology trade</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=technology%20trade%20effect" title=" technology trade effect"> technology trade effect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=technology%20transfer" title=" technology transfer"> technology transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R%26D%20managers" title=" R&D managers"> R&D managers</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29039/patterns-and-effects-of-international-trade-in-technology-firm-level-evidence" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29039.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">378</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15261</span> Predictors and Prevention of Sports’ Injuries among Male Professional Footballers in Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Timothy%20A.%20Oloyede">Timothy A. Oloyede</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study assessed the influence of playing field, climatic conditions, rate of exposure to matches, skill level and competition level on the occurrence and severity of football injuries. The prospective outline of the study was as follows: after a baseline examination and measurements were performed ascertaining possible predictors of injury, all players were followed up weekly for one year to register subsequent injuries and complaints. Four hundred and thirty-five out of 455 subjects completed the weekly follow-ups over one year. Multiple regression analysis was employed to analyse the data collected. Results showed that playing field, climatic conditions, rate of exposure to matches skill level and competition level were predictors of injuries among the professional footballer. Playing on natural grass, acclimatization, reduction of physical overload, among others, were strategies postulated for preventing injuries. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sports%E2%80%99%20injuries" title="sports’ injuries">sports’ injuries</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=predictors%20of%20sports%E2%80%99%20injuries" title=" predictors of sports’ injuries"> predictors of sports’ injuries</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intrinsic%20risk%20factors" title=" intrinsic risk factors"> intrinsic risk factors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=extrinsic%20risk%20factors" title=" extrinsic risk factors"> extrinsic risk factors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=injury%20mechanism" title=" injury mechanism"> injury mechanism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=professional%20footballer" title=" professional footballer"> professional footballer</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80288/predictors-and-prevention-of-sports-injuries-among-male-professional-footballers-in-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80288.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">253</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15260</span> Capacitive Coupling Wireless Power Transfer System with 6.78 MHz Class D Inverter</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kang%20Hyun%20Yi">Kang Hyun Yi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Wireless power transfer technologies are inductive coupling, magnetic resonance, and capacitive coupling methods, typically. Among them, the capacitive coupling wireless power transfer, also named Capacitive Coupling Wireless Power Transfer (CCWPT), has been researched to overcome the drawbacks of other approaches. The CCWPT has many advantages such as a simple structure, low standing power loss, reduced Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) and the ability to transfer power through metal barriers. In this paper, the CCWPT system with 6.78MHz class D inverter is proposed and analyzed. The proposed system is consisted of the 6.78MHz class D inverter with the LC low pass filter, the capacitor between a transmitter and a receiver and impedance transformers. The system is verified with a prototype for charging mobile devices. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wireless%20power%20transfer" title="wireless power transfer">wireless power transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=capacitive%20coupling%20power%20transfer" title=" capacitive coupling power transfer"> capacitive coupling power transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=class%20D%20inverter" title=" class D inverter"> class D inverter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=6.78MHz" title=" 6.78MHz"> 6.78MHz</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14367/capacitive-coupling-wireless-power-transfer-system-with-678-mhz-class-d-inverter" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14367.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">650</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15259</span> Variable Refrigerant Flow (VRF) Zonal Load Prediction Using a Transfer Learning-Based Framework</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Junyu%20Chen">Junyu Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Peng%20Xu"> Peng Xu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the context of global efforts to enhance building energy efficiency, accurate thermal load forecasting is crucial for both device sizing and predictive control. Variable Refrigerant Flow (VRF) systems are widely used in buildings around the world, yet VRF zonal load prediction has received limited attention. Due to differences between VRF zones in building-level prediction methods, zone-level load forecasting could significantly enhance accuracy. Given that modern VRF systems generate high-quality data, this paper introduces transfer learning to leverage this data and further improve prediction performance. This framework also addresses the challenge of predicting load for building zones with no historical data, offering greater accuracy and usability compared to pure white-box models. The study first establishes an initial variable set of VRF zonal building loads and generates a foundational white-box database using EnergyPlus. Key variables for VRF zonal loads are identified using methods including SRRC, PRCC, and Random Forest. XGBoost and LSTM are employed to generate pre-trained black-box models based on the white-box database. Finally, real-world data is incorporated into the pre-trained model using transfer learning to enhance its performance in operational buildings. In this paper, zone-level load prediction was integrated with transfer learning, and a framework was proposed to improve the accuracy and applicability of VRF zonal load prediction. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zonal%20load%20prediction" title="zonal load prediction">zonal load prediction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=variable%20refrigerant%20flow%20%28VRF%29%20system" title=" variable refrigerant flow (VRF) system"> variable refrigerant flow (VRF) system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transfer%20learning" title=" transfer learning"> transfer learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energyplus" title=" energyplus"> energyplus</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/191023/variable-refrigerant-flow-vrf-zonal-load-prediction-using-a-transfer-learning-based-framework" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/191023.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">28</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15258</span> Knowledge Transfer from Experts to Novice: An Empirical Study on Online Communities</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Firmansyah%20David">Firmansyah David</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper aims to investigate factors that drive individuals to transfer their knowledge in the context of online communities. By revisiting tacit-to-explicit knowledge creation, this research attempts to contribute empirically using three online forums (1) Software Engineering; (2) Aerospace Simulator; (3) Health Insurance System. A qualitative approach was deployed to map and recognize the pattern of users ‘Knowledge Transfer (KT), particularly from expert to novice. The findings suggest a common form on how experts give their effort to formulate ‘explicit’ knowledge and how novices ‘understand’ such knowledge. This research underlines that skill; intuition, judgment; value and belief are the prominent factors, both for experts and novice. Further, this research has recognized the groups of expert and novice by their ability to transfer and to ‘adopt’ new knowledge. Future research infers to triangulate the method in which the quantitative study is needed to measure the level of adoption of (new) knowledge by individuals. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=explicit" title="explicit">explicit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=expert" title=" expert"> expert</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=knowledge" title=" knowledge"> knowledge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=online%20community" title=" online community"> online community</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72384/knowledge-transfer-from-experts-to-novice-an-empirical-study-on-online-communities" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72384.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">268</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15257</span> Key Issues in Transfer Stage of BOT Project: Experience from China</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wang%20Liguang">Wang Liguang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhang%20Xueqing"> Zhang Xueqing</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The build-operate-transfer (BOT) project delivery system has provided effective routes to mobilize private sector funds, innovative technologies, management skills and operational efficiencies for public infrastructure development and have been widely used in China during the last 20 years. Many BOT projects in China will be smoothly transferred to the government soon and the transfer stage, which is considered as the last stage, must be studied carefully and handled well to achieve the overall success of BOT projects. There will be many issues faced by both the public sector and private sector in the transfer stage of BOT projects, including project post-assessment, technology and documents transfer, personal training and staff transition, etc. and sometimes additional legislation is needed for future operation and management of facilities. However, most previous studies focused on the bidding, financing, and building and operation stages instead of transfer stage. This research identifies nine key issues in the transfer stage of BOT projects through a comprehensive study on three cases in China, and the expert interview and expert discussion meetings are held to validate the key issues and give detail analysis. A proposed framework of transfer management is prepared based on the experiences derived and lessons drawn from the case studies and expert interview and discussions, which is expected to improve the transfer management of BOT projects in practice. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BOT%20project" title="BOT project">BOT project</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=key%20issues" title=" key issues"> key issues</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transfer%20management" title=" transfer management"> transfer management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transfer%20stage" title=" transfer stage"> transfer stage</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76322/key-issues-in-transfer-stage-of-bot-project-experience-from-china" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76322.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">256</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=register%20transfer%20level&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=register%20transfer%20level&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=register%20transfer%20level&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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