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class=update-date><span class=seperator> ~ </span><span>Son G眉ncelleme: </span>31 Ekim 2013 00:16</div><div class=read-time>5 dk Okuma</div></div></div><div class=txt-wrapper><h1 class=headline>Saint-Esprit Katedralinin Altındaki Tarih</h1><div class=desc>1846da in艧a edilen Saint-Esprit Katedralinin alt谋nda 莽ok 枚nemli ve etkileyici bir mezarl谋k bulunuyor. 1927de kiliseye g枚m眉lme al谋艧kanl谋臒谋 kald谋r谋lana dek 陌stanbul Latin Cemaatinin 枚nde gelen 眉yelerinin son istirahatgah谋 oldu臒u Saint-Esprit Mezarl谋臒谋.</div></div><div class="hline--1x d-lg-none"></div><div class=info-wrapper--mobile><div class=left-part><div class=authors-wrapper><a href=/yazar/saadet-ozen-1379 class="ccard ccard--author ccard--author-chip"><div class=txt-wrapper><h2 class=name>Saadet Özen</h2></div></a></div></div></div><div class="info-wrapper d-none d-lg-flex"><div class=left-part><div class=authors-wrapper><a href=/yazar/saadet-ozen-1379 class="ccard ccard--author ccard--author-chip"><div class=img-wrapper><img src=https://static.bianet.org/icons/yazar.png class=card-img-left alt="Saadet 脰zen" loading=lazy></div><div class=txt-wrapper><h2 class=name>Saadet Özen</h2></div></a></div></div><div class=hline--1x></div></div></div><div class=bottom-part><div class="actions-wrapper sticky-0"><div class="inner-wrapper sticky"><a target=_blank href="https://www.facebook.com/sharer.php?u=https://bianet.org/haber/saint-esprit-katedralinin-altindaki-tarih-51085" class="btn btn--icon-large btn-facebook"><img src=https://static.bianet.org/icons/icon-large-facebook.svg alt=""></a> <a target=_blank href='https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?url=https://bianet.org/haber/saint-esprit-katedralinin-altindaki-tarih-51085&text=Saint-Esprit Katedralinin Alt谋ndaki Tarih' class="btn btn--icon-large btn-twitter"><img src=https://static.bianet.org/icons/icon-large-twitter.svg alt=""></a> <a target=_blank href="https://wa.me/?text=https://bianet.org/haber/saint-esprit-katedralinin-altindaki-tarih-51085" class="btn 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class=content-wrapper><div class=content id=gallery-51085>Elmada臒'da, Radyoevi'nin kar艧谋 s谋ras谋nda y眉r眉d眉臒眉n眉z olduysa, Dame de Sion'un 枚n cephesindeki parmakl谋kl谋 kap谋ya, parmakl谋klar谋n谋n aras谋ndan g枚r眉nen avluya ve tam ortada y眉kselen heykele tak谋lm谋艧t谋r belki g枚z眉n眉z. Avlunun arkas谋nda da b眉t眉n heybetiyle bekleyen bir bina vard谋r: Saint-Esprit Katedrali.<p>Ge莽ti臒imiz haftalarda, 陌stanbul Latin Katolik Cemaati'nin tarih莽isi Rinaldo Marmara'n谋n rehberli臒inde gezme 艧ans谋m oldu bu yap谋y谋. Marmara ayr谋ca, 陌stanbul Latin Katolik Cemaati'nin tarihi 眉zerine yapt谋臒谋莽al谋艧mada da geni艧 yer vermi艧ti bu kiliseye.<p>Buna g枚re, Saint-Esprit ad谋ndaki ilk kilisenin yap谋l谋艧谋 <b>1846'</b>ya dayan谋yor. Asl谋nda 1831 Pera yang谋n谋na dek, Taksim'in 枚tesinde pek bir yerle艧im yoktu. Yang谋n谋n ard谋ndan halk, o zamana dek k谋艧lar谋 kurtlar谋n, geceleri h谋rs谋zlar谋n dola艧t谋臒谋 k谋rlara, yani bug眉nk眉 <b> Pangalt谋, Harbiye </b> taraf谋na do臒ru yay谋lmaya ba艧lam谋艧t谋. O zamanlar, bir han vard谋 oralarda, daha uza臒a, mesela <b> 艦i艧li'</b>ye, <b> Bo臒az'</b>a gidecek olanlar谋n geceledi臒i. <b> Pancaldi </b> diye biri i艧letirdi buray谋, semtin ad谋 da buradan geliyor i艧te.<p>Taksim 莽evresinde, bug眉nk眉 G眉m眉艧s眉y眉 taraf谋nda <b> Ayaspa艧a Mezarl谋臒谋, </b> biraz 枚tede Top莽u K谋艧las谋 ve Radyoevi'nin yerinde bir <b> Ermeni Mezarl谋臒谋 </b> vard谋. 1837'de in艧a edilen <b> Ermeni Katolik Surp Agop Hastanesi, </b> 1838'e tarihlenen <b> Artigiana D眉艧k眉nler Evi'</b>nin ard谋ndan, <b> Saint-Esprit Kilisesi, </b> bu b枚lgede y眉kselen 眉莽眉nc眉枚nemli bina oldu.<p>Kilisenin buraya gelmesi, yava艧 yava艧 cemaatin de 莽evresine toplanmas谋yla sonu莽lanacakt谋; bu bak谋mdan Saint-Esprit'nin Taksim'den 枚tesinin yerle艧ime a莽谋lmas谋nda b眉y眉k rol眉n眉n oldu臒u s枚ylenebilir. Ama Latin Katolik Cemaati'nin o g眉nk眉 ruhani lideri Monseny枚r Hillereau ilk ba艧ta, <b> "莽ok az say谋da insan谋n oldu臒u 谋ss谋z bir yerde kilise kurmak istemesi" </b> nedeniyle ele艧tirilmi艧ti.<p>Rinaldo Marmara'n谋n 莽al谋艧mas谋nda yer verdi臒i bir mektubuna g枚re, Monseny枚r Hillereau kendini 艧枚yle savunmu艧tu: <b> "Katolik n眉fusun bir b枚l眉m眉n眉n yava艧 yava艧 ta艧谋nd谋臒谋 yeni bir semtin dinsel ihtiya莽lar谋na cevap vermek zorunday谋z."</b><p><b> Papa XV. Benedictus'un heykeli </b><p>Nihayetinde Monseny枚r Hillereau'nun 莽abalar谋yla sat谋n al谋nan arazide, 眉nl眉 mimar <b> Gaspare Fossati </b> 1845 y谋l谋nda 莽al谋艧malara ba艧lad谋. Gaspare, karde艧i Guiseppe ile birlikte ba艧ta Rus El莽ili臒i olmak 眉zere, aralar谋nda Hollanda Konsoloslu臒u'nun, Galata'daki San Paulo i Pietro Kilisesi'nin de bulundu臒u pek 莽ok bina in艧a etmi艧ti.<p>Saint-Esprit 1846'da a莽谋ld谋. Ne var ki, Gaspare Fossati bu kez i艧ine pek 枚zenmemi艧 olacak ki, bu ilk bina pek uzun 枚m眉rl眉 olmad谋. 1864'te bir ayin s谋ras谋nda 莽at谋n谋n adeta y谋k谋lacak gibi 莽at谋rdamas谋眉zerine kilisenin tekrar yap谋lmas谋na karar verildi. Bu kez mimar <b> Pierre Vitalis'</b>ti; <b> Napoleon Biondi </b> ile o臒lu <b> Etienne </b> de ona yard谋m edeceklerdi. Bu da olamad谋; 莽眉nk眉 bu sefer de bir kolera salg谋n谋 ba艧lad谋. Mimar Vitalis hastal谋ktan korkarak B眉y眉k Ada'ya 莽ekildi. Bunun 眉zerine, binan谋n mimarl谋臒谋 da papaz <b> Antoine Giorgiovitch'</b>e kald谋.<p>Kilise 1876'da katedral olarak ilan edildi. Bug眉ne dek cephesinde zaman zaman onar谋mlar ve de臒i艧iklikler yap谋lan Saint-Esprit, 1922'de 陌talya'daki Fermo kentinde d枚k眉lm眉艧眉莽 yeni 莽ana kavu艧tu. 1980 y谋l谋nda da, Peder <b> Antoine Marovitch </b> taraf谋ndan, kilisenin i莽indeki b眉t眉n resimler yenilendi.<p>Kilisenin avlusundaki heykel ise, Papa XV. Benedictus'a ait. 脺zerinde makam谋n谋n k谋yafetleri olan Papa, sol elinde adil bar谋艧谋 simgeleyen bir ka臒谋t rulosu tutuyor, sa臒 elini ise kutsamak i莽in kalabal谋klara uzatm谋艧. Heykel <b> Ouattrini, </b> kaidesi ise <b> Medici </b> taraf谋ndan tasarlanm谋艧, 1921'deki a莽谋l谋艧谋nda 艧ehzade Abd眉lmecit de haz谋r bulunmu艧tu.<p>Saint-Esprit'nin en etkileyici b枚l眉m眉 ise, daha kilise in艧a edilirken tasarlanan, alt谋ndaki mezarl谋k. 1927'de kiliseye g枚m眉lme al谋艧kanl谋臒谋n谋n kald谋r谋lmas谋na dek, 陌stanbul Latin Cemaati'nin pek 莽ok 眉yesinin son istirahatg芒h谋 oldu Saint-Esprit Mezarl谋臒谋. Bir s眉re bak谋ms谋z kald谋ysa da, 艧imdiki Vatikan temsilcisi Monseny枚r Marovitch'in 眉st眉n 莽abalar谋 sonucu temizlendi.<p>Mezarl谋臒a gitmek i莽in 枚nce karanl谋k koridorlardan ge莽erek a艧a臒谋ya iniyorsunuz. Bu koridorlar sonsuza dek bitmeyecek, d眉nya b枚yle dar ve uzun yollardan ibaret kalacak derken, kar艧谋n谋zda bir kap谋 beliriyor. Arkas谋ndan y眉kselen tarifsiz havada, kokuya benzeyen, neme benzeyen, 莽眉r眉m眉艧l眉臒e benzeyen bir 艧ey var. i莽eri ad谋m谋n谋z谋 att谋臒谋n谋z anda, hi莽 bitmeyecek san谋lan koridorun yerini bir geni艧lik al谋yor, ama hi莽bir ferahl谋k yaratmaks谋z谋n. Sa臒da, mermer bir katafalk谋n 眉zerinde bir b眉st var. Mermer, bo艧 g枚zleriyle, 枚l眉lerin arkalar谋nda b谋rakt谋klar谋n谋, varl谋klar谋n谋 kan谋tlamak i莽in hayata kaz谋maya 莽al谋艧t谋klar谋 izleri seyrediyor. Alt谋nda <b> "Francesco Della Suda" </b> diye yaz谋yor ya da <b> "Faik Pa艧a".</b><p>Abd眉laziz d枚neminin 眉nl眉 eczac谋s谋yd谋 Della Suda Pa艧a. Bug眉nk眉 Fita艧'谋n kar艧谋 s谋ras谋nda ve 陌stiklal Caddesi'nin birka莽 yerinde eczaneleri vard谋. Turnac谋ba艧谋'ndan Galatasaray'a uzanan Faik Pa艧a Yoku艧u'nun ad谋nda ya艧ayan k谋r谋k bir hat谋radan ba艧kas谋 kalmad谋 zenginli臒inden geriye.<p>Pa艧a'n谋n b眉st眉n眉n hemen 莽apraz谋nda, bilmeden dilimize pelesenk etti臒imiz bir ba艧ka ailenin mezar谋 var: <b> Parma'</b>lar. Cenova k枚kenli olan bu ailenin apartman谋 Hamalba艧谋'nda durur h芒l芒, ad谋 ise <b> K眉莽眉k </b> ve <b> B眉y眉k Parmakkap谋'</b>da, yani <b> "Parmalar谋n kap谋s谋nda" </b> ya艧ar.<p>Az 枚tede ise, <b> Alleon'</b>lar谋n aile mezarl谋臒谋 bulunuyor. Bir bah莽eye girer gibi zarif bir kap谋dan ge莽iyorsunuz 枚nce. Alleon'lar, <b> Bank-谋 Dersaadet'</b>in kurucular谋yd谋lar. 脰nce <b> Odakule'nin yerindeki bir konakta, </b> sonra eski ad谋yla <b> Alyon, </b> yeni ad谋yla <b> Erol Dernek Sokak'</b>ta ya艧ad谋lar. 艦imdi, aile bireyleri 枚l眉m眉n kuca臒谋nda, koyun koyuna uyuyorlar. Saray m眉zisyeni <b> Donizetti Pa艧a </b> da yak谋nlar谋nda g枚m眉l眉. Katafalk谋n谋n 枚n眉nde de portresi duruyor.<p>Mezarl谋kta d眉nya nimetlerine s谋rt 莽evirmi艧 olanlar da yat谋yor: Saint-Esprit'nin kurucusu Monseny枚r Hillereau 枚rne臒in. Ya da N枚tre Dame de Sion rahibeleri. Tarikata ait olan b枚l眉mde, 1930 枚ncesinde, 艧u yanda g枚m眉l眉 ailelerin k谋zlar谋n谋 okutmu艧 k谋rk kadar rahibe g枚m眉l眉. Ba艧ka 眉lkelerde, ba艧ka isimlerle ba艧lad谋klar谋 hayatlar谋n谋, tarikat谋n i莽inde ald谋klar谋 yeni isimlerle s谋f谋rlam谋艧 ve 枚m眉rlerini Osmanl谋 payitaht谋nda tamamlam谋艧lar.<p>Art谋k Saint-Esprit'nin arka cephesindeyiz, binan谋n 枚n眉nde 脰l莽ek, yeni ad谋yla <b> Papa Roncalli Sokak </b> uzan谋yor. K眉莽眉c眉k mahzen penceresinin bir taraf谋nda, 眉st眉 a莽谋k sand谋klara din adamlar谋n谋n kemikleri doldurulmu艧, 枚b眉r tarafta 莽ocuklar 莽谋臒l谋k 莽谋臒l谋臒a oyun oynuyor. Bir tarafta 莽谋r谋l莽谋plak 枚l眉m, bir tarafta b眉t眉n dirili臒iyle, b眉t眉n 莽i臒li臒iyle hayat...<p>G眉n眉n birinde gidecek olursan谋z bu mezarl谋臒a, ba艧谋n谋z谋莽evirdi臒iniz her yerde upuzun, mutlu 枚m眉rlerin ayr谋nt谋lar谋n谋, bunca zenginli臒i, 枚l眉m眉n aynas谋ndan seyredeceksiniz. Ben bakt谋m ve bombo艧 suretlerden ba艧ka bir 艧ey g枚rmedim do臒rusunu isterseniz. Birbirlerinde yans谋d谋k莽a alay edercesine k谋vr谋l谋p b眉k眉l眉yor, cafcafl谋 boyalarla 莽aresizli臒ini gizlemeye 莽al谋艧an insan谋 g枚stererek e臒leniyorlard谋. <b> "Bir cihan imparatorlu臒u kuracak kadar insan var burada," </b> diyorlard谋, galiba en 莽ok da buna g眉l眉yorlard谋. 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