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dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American politician and attorney (1856–1922)</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the Illinois politician. For the South Carolina politician, see <a href="/wiki/James_Mann_(South_Carolina_politician)" title="James Mann (South Carolina politician)">James Mann (South Carolina politician)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">James Robert Mann</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:James_Robert_Mann_(Illinois)_in_1916_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/James_Robert_Mann_%28Illinois%29_in_1916_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-James_Robert_Mann_%28Illinois%29_in_1916_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="309" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/James_Robert_Mann_%28Illinois%29_in_1916_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-James_Robert_Mann_%28Illinois%29_in_1916_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/James_Robert_Mann_%28Illinois%29_in_1916_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-James_Robert_Mann_%28Illinois%29_in_1916_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="656" data-file-height="921" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Party_leaders_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Party leaders of the United States House of Representatives">House Minority Leader</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />March 4, 1911 – March 3, 1919</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Champ_Clark" title="Champ Clark">Champ Clark</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Champ_Clark" title="Champ Clark">Champ Clark</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Leader of the <br /><a href="/wiki/House_Republican_Conference#Caucus_Leader" title="House Republican Conference">House Republican Conference</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />March 4, 1911 – March 3, 1919</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Gurney_Cannon" title="Joseph Gurney Cannon">Joseph Gurney Cannon</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Frederick_H._Gillett" title="Frederick H. Gillett">Frederick H. Gillett</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Member of the<br /><a href="/wiki/U.S._House_of_Representatives" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. House of Representatives">U.S. House of Representatives</a><br />from <a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />March 4, 1897 – November 30, 1922</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/J._Frank_Aldrich" title="J. Frank Aldrich">J. Frank Aldrich</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Morton_D._Hull" title="Morton D. Hull">Morton D. Hull</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Constituency</th><td class="infobox-data"><span data-sort-value="Illinois01 !"><a href="/wiki/Illinois%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Illinois's 1st congressional district">1st district</a></span> (1897–1903)<br /><span data-sort-value="Illinois02 !"><a href="/wiki/Illinois%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Illinois's 2nd congressional district">2nd district</a></span> (1903–22)</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Chicago_City_Council" title="Chicago City Council">Chicago Alderman</a> from the 32nd Ward</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />1892–1896</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1856-10-20</span>)</span>October 20, 1856<br /><a href="/wiki/Bloomington,_Illinois" title="Bloomington, Illinois">Bloomington, Illinois</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">November 30, 1922<span style="display:none">(1922-11-30)</span> (aged 66)<br /><a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Resting place</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Oak_Woods_Cemetery" title="Oak Woods Cemetery">Oak Woods Cemetery</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/University_of_Illinois" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Illinois">University of Illinois</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Northwestern_University_School_of_Law" class="mw-redirect" title="Northwestern University School of Law">Union College of Law</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>James Robert Mann</b> (October 20, 1856 – November 30, 1922) was an <a href="/wiki/Americans" title="Americans">American</a> politician and attorney who served as a member of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">United States House of Representatives</a> from <a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a> from 1897 to 1922. He was a member of the <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican Party</a>, and served as <a href="/wiki/Party_leaders_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Party leaders of the United States House of Representatives">House Minority Leader</a> from 1911 to 1919.<sup id="cite_ref-obit_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-obit-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_and_education">Early life and education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Robert_Mann_(Illinois_politician)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life and education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>James Robert Mann was born near <a href="/wiki/Bloomington,_Illinois" title="Bloomington, Illinois">Bloomington</a>, <a href="/wiki/McLean_County,_Illinois" title="McLean County, Illinois">McLean County, Illinois</a>, on October 20, 1856. His older brother was Frank Irving Mann (1854–1937) farmer, editor of the Prairie Farmer news publication, and author of The Farmers Creed. </p><p>Mann attended <a href="/wiki/University_of_Illinois" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Illinois">University of Illinois</a> and graduated in 1876. He graduated from <a href="/wiki/Northwestern_University_School_of_Law" class="mw-redirect" title="Northwestern University School of Law">Union College of Law</a> in 1881 and became a lawyer in <a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago">Chicago</a>. Mann held several local political offices before serving in the House of Representatives. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Career">Career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Robert_Mann_(Illinois_politician)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>He was admitted to the Illinois bar in 1881 and commenced his practice in Chicago. He held several local offices before being elected as a congressman: </p> <ul><li>Member of the <a href="/wiki/Oakland,_Chicago" title="Oakland, Chicago">Oakland</a> Board of Education in Chicago (1887)</li> <li>Attorney for <a href="/wiki/Hyde_Park,_Chicago" title="Hyde Park, Chicago">Hyde Park</a> and the South Park commissioners of Chicago</li> <li>Chairman of the Illinois State Republican convention (1894)</li> <li>Member of the <a href="/wiki/Chicago_City_Council" title="Chicago City Council">City Council of Chicago</a> (1892–1896)</li> <li>Master in <a href="/wiki/Court_of_equity" title="Court of equity">chancery</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Superior_Court_of_Cook_County" title="Superior Court of Cook County">Superior Court of Cook County</a></li> <li>Chairman of the Republican county conventions at Chicago (1895, 1902)</li> <li>Elected as Republican (1896) to the 55th Congress with 13 successive terms<sup id="cite_ref-cd_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cd-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Service_in_the_House">Service in the House</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Robert_Mann_(Illinois_politician)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Service in the House"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Chairman, Committee on Elections No. 1 (58th–60th Congresses)</li> <li>Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce (61st Congress)</li> <li>Committee on Women Suffrage (66th Congress)</li> <li>Minority Leader (62nd–65th Congresses)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Notable_legislation">Notable legislation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Robert_Mann_(Illinois_politician)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Notable legislation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MannWithClark.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/bb/MannWithClark.jpg/220px-MannWithClark.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/bb/MannWithClark.jpg/330px-MannWithClark.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/bb/MannWithClark.jpg/440px-MannWithClark.jpg 2x" data-file-width="566" data-file-height="397" /></a><figcaption>James Mann (right) with Speaker of the House <a href="/wiki/Champ_Clark" title="Champ Clark">Champ Clark</a>.<br />1911–1919</figcaption></figure> <p>Congressman Mann was one of the sponsors of the <a href="/wiki/Mann-Elkins_Act" class="mw-redirect" title="Mann-Elkins Act">Mann-Elkins Act</a>, which gave more power to the <a href="/wiki/Interstate_Commerce_Commission" title="Interstate Commerce Commission">Interstate Commerce Commission</a> to regulate railroad rates. He is probably best known for his authorship of the <a href="/wiki/Mann_Act" title="Mann Act">Mann Act</a> of 1910, which was a reaction to the "<a href="/wiki/Sexual_slavery" title="Sexual slavery">white slavery</a>" issue and prohibited transportation of women between states for purposes of <a href="/wiki/Prostitution" title="Prostitution">prostitution</a>. He introduced legislation that became the <a href="/wiki/Pure_Food_and_Drug_Act" title="Pure Food and Drug Act">Pure Food and Drugs Act</a> of 1906. </p><p>He was considered to be a leader in the cause of amending the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Constitution" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Constitution">United States Constitution</a> to grant <a href="/wiki/Women%27s_suffrage" title="Women's suffrage">suffrage to women</a>. However, he was quoted as saying, "'They should have been at home where they belonged,' referring to the women in the pageant."<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was a leading opponent of the <a href="/wiki/Harrison_Narcotics_Tax_Act" title="Harrison Narcotics Tax Act">Harrison Narcotics Tax Act</a> and <a href="/wiki/Prohibition_in_the_United_States" title="Prohibition in the United States">Prohibition</a>, despite the popularity of such legislation amongst his fellow Midwestern progressives. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Death">Death</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Robert_Mann_(Illinois_politician)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Death"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Grave_of_James_Robert_Mann_(1856%E2%80%931922)_at_Oak_Woods_Cemetery,_Chicago.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Grave_of_James_Robert_Mann_%281856%E2%80%931922%29_at_Oak_Woods_Cemetery%2C_Chicago.jpg/150px-Grave_of_James_Robert_Mann_%281856%E2%80%931922%29_at_Oak_Woods_Cemetery%2C_Chicago.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="164" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Grave_of_James_Robert_Mann_%281856%E2%80%931922%29_at_Oak_Woods_Cemetery%2C_Chicago.jpg/225px-Grave_of_James_Robert_Mann_%281856%E2%80%931922%29_at_Oak_Woods_Cemetery%2C_Chicago.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Grave_of_James_Robert_Mann_%281856%E2%80%931922%29_at_Oak_Woods_Cemetery%2C_Chicago.jpg/300px-Grave_of_James_Robert_Mann_%281856%E2%80%931922%29_at_Oak_Woods_Cemetery%2C_Chicago.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1093" /></a><figcaption>Mann's grave at Oak Woods Cemetery</figcaption></figure> <p>Mann died in <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a>, of <a href="/wiki/Pneumonia" title="Pneumonia">pneumonia</a> on November 30, 1922, at age 66 before the close of the <a href="/wiki/67th_United_States_Congress" title="67th United States Congress">67th United States Congress</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-obit_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-obit-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was interred in <a href="/wiki/Oak_Woods_Cemetery" title="Oak Woods Cemetery">Oak Woods Cemetery</a> in Chicago. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Electoral_history">Electoral history</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Robert_Mann_(Illinois_politician)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Electoral history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="; margin-right:1em; font-size:95%"> <caption><a href="/wiki/Illinois%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Illinois's 1st congressional district">Illinois's 1st congressional district</a> general election, 1896<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 15em">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#E81B23;width:5px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><b><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a></b> </td> <td class="fn"><b>James Robert Mann </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em"><b>51,582 </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em"><b>68.17 </b> </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">James H. Teller </td> <td style="text-align:right">23,123 </td> <td style="text-align:right">30.56 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#ACE1AF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Party_(United_States)" title="People's Party (United States)">Populist</a> </td> <td class="fn">Benjamin J. Werthermer </td> <td style="text-align:right">957 </td> <td style="text-align:right">1.27 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align:right;">Total votes </th> <td style="text-align:right;"><b>75,662 </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><b>100.0 </b> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="; margin-right:1em; font-size:95%"> <caption>Illinois's 1st congressional district general election, 1898<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 15em">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#E81B23;width:5px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><b><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a></b> </td> <td class="fn"><b>James Robert Mann (<a href="/wiki/Incumbent" title="Incumbent">incumbent</a>) </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em"><b>37,506 </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em"><b>63.22 </b> </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Rollin B. Organ </td> <td style="text-align:right">20,424 </td> <td style="text-align:right">34.43 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#DD051D;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Labor_Party_of_America" title="Socialist Labor Party of America">Socialist Labor</a> </td> <td class="fn">Bernard Berlyn </td> <td style="text-align:right">568 </td> <td style="text-align:right">0.96 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#FF00FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Prohibition_Party" title="Prohibition Party">Prohibition</a> </td> <td class="fn">Theodore L. Neff </td> <td style="text-align:right">424 </td> <td style="text-align:right">0.72 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#ACE1AF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Party_(United_States)" title="People's Party (United States)">Populist</a> </td> <td class="fn">James Hogan </td> <td style="text-align:right">404 </td> <td style="text-align:right">0.68 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align:right;">Total votes </th> <td style="text-align:right;"><b>59,326 </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><b>100.0 </b> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="; margin-right:1em; font-size:95%"> <caption>Illinois's 1st congressional district general election, 1900<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 15em">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#E81B23;width:5px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><b><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a></b> </td> <td class="fn"><b>James Robert Mann (<a href="/wiki/Incumbent" title="Incumbent">incumbent</a>) </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em"><b>52,775 </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em"><b>63.02 </b> </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Leon Hornstein </td> <td style="text-align:right">28,858 </td> <td style="text-align:right">34.46 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#FF3300;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_of_America" title="Social Democratic Party of America">Social Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">William H. Collins </td> <td style="text-align:right">1,208 </td> <td style="text-align:right">1.44 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#FF00FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Prohibition_Party" title="Prohibition Party">Prohibition</a> </td> <td class="fn">William P. Ferguson </td> <td style="text-align:right">899 </td> <td style="text-align:right">1.07 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align:right;">Total votes </th> <td style="text-align:right;"><b>83,740 </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><b>100.0 </b> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Robert_Mann_(Illinois_politician)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Congress_members_who_died_in_office_(1900%E2%80%9349)" class="mw-redirect" title="List of United States Congress members who died in office (1900–49)">List of United States Congress members who died in office (1900–49)</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Robert_Mann_(Illinois_politician)&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-obit-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-obit_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-obit_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/103732560/james-r-mann-dies-in-washington-home/">"James R. Mann Dies in Washington Home After Week's Illness, Ending in Pneumonia"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. Washington. December 1, 1922. p. 1<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 14,</span> 2022</span> – via Newspapers.com. <q>Representative James R. Mann of Illinois, for nearly twenty-six years a member of the House, and during most of that time a leader of the Republican Party, died at his home here at 11:15 o'clock tonight.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=James+R.+Mann+Dies+in+Washington+Home+After+Week%27s+Illness%2C+Ending+in+Pneumonia&rft.pages=1&rft.date=1922-12-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F103732560%2Fjames-r-mann-dies-in-washington-home%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJames+Robert+Mann+%28Illinois+politician%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cd-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-cd_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/SERIALSET-04562_00_00-001-0001-0000">"S. Doc. 58-1 - Fifty-eighth Congress. (Extraordinary session -- beginning November 9, 1903.) Official Congressional Directory for the use of the United States Congress. Compiled under the direction of the Joint Committee on Printing by A.J. Halford. Special edition. Corrections made to November 5, 1903"</a>. <i>GovInfo.gov</i>. U.S. Government Printing Office. November 9, 1903. p. 20<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 2,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=GovInfo.gov&rft.atitle=S.+Doc.+58-1+-+Fifty-eighth+Congress.+%28Extraordinary+session+--+beginning+November+9%2C+1903.%29+Official+Congressional+Directory+for+the+use+of+the+United+States+Congress.+Compiled+under+the+direction+of+the+Joint+Committee+on+Printing+by+A.J.+Halford.+Special+edition.+Corrections+made+to+November+5%2C+1903&rft.pages=20&rft.date=1903-11-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.govinfo.gov%2Fapp%2Fdetails%2FSERIALSET-04562_00_00-001-0001-0000&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJames+Robert+Mann+%28Illinois+politician%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newspaperarchive.com/other-articles-clipping-jan-13-1915-3268067/">"Suffragists Lose Fight in the House"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. Washington. January 13, 1915. pp. 1, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newspaperarchive.com/other-articles-clipping-jan-13-1915-3268068/">4</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 14,</span> 2022</span> – via NewspaperArchive.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Suffragists+Lose+Fight+in+the+House&rft.pages=1%2C+4&rft.date=1915-01-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewspaperarchive.com%2Fother-articles-clipping-jan-13-1915-3268067%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJames+Robert+Mann+%28Illinois+politician%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=369192">"IL District 1"</a>. <i>Our Campaigns</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 13,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Our+Campaigns&rft.atitle=IL+District+1&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ourcampaigns.com%2FRaceDetail.html%3FRaceID%3D369192&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJames+Robert+Mann+%28Illinois+politician%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=369191">"IL District 1"</a>. <i>Our Campaigns</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 13,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Our+Campaigns&rft.atitle=IL+District+1&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ourcampaigns.com%2FRaceDetail.html%3FRaceID%3D369191&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJames+Robert+Mann+%28Illinois+politician%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.elections.il.gov/ElectionOperations/DownloadVoteTotals.aspx?T=637992959831528061">"Downloadable Vote Totals"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Illinois_State_Board_of_Elections" title="Illinois State Board of Elections">Illinois State Board of Elections</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 13,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Illinois+State+Board+of+Elections&rft.atitle=Downloadable+Vote+Totals&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.elections.il.gov%2FElectionOperations%2FDownloadVoteTotals.aspx%3FT%3D637992959831528061&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJames+Robert+Mann+%28Illinois+politician%29" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged February 2023">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=369190">"IL District 1"</a>. <i>Our Campaigns</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 13,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Our+Campaigns&rft.atitle=IL+District+1&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ourcampaigns.com%2FRaceDetail.html%3FRaceID%3D369190&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJames+Robert+Mann+%28Illinois+politician%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <p><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Public Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196" /></span></span> This article incorporates <a href="/wiki/Copyright_status_of_works_by_the_federal_government_of_the_United_States" title="Copyright status of works by the federal government of the United States">public domain material</a> from <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=M000104"><i>MANN, James Robert</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Biographical_Directory_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="Biographical Directory of the United States Congress">Biographical Directory of the United States Congress</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=MANN%2C+James+Robert&rft.pub=Biographical+Directory+of+the+United+States+Congress&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbioguide.congress.gov%2Fscripts%2Fbiodisplay.pl%3Findex%3DM000104&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJames+Robert+Mann+%28Illinois+politician%29" class="Z3988"></span> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Robert_Mann_(Illinois_politician)&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Ellis, L. Ethan. "James Robert Mann: Legislator Extraordinary". <i>Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society</i> 46 (Spring 1953): 28–44. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/40189273">40189273</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/bibdisplay.pl?index=M000104">Extended bibliography</a> – United States Congress website</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Robert_Mann_(Illinois_politician)&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:James_Robert_Mann_(Illinois)" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:James Robert Mann (Illinois)">James Robert Mann (Illinois)</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015027751349;view=1up;seq=9">James R. Mann, late a representative</a></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #cccccc"><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">U.S. House of Representatives</a> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/J._Frank_Aldrich" title="J. Frank Aldrich">J. Frank Aldrich</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Member of the <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Illinois" title="List of United States representatives from Illinois">U.S. House of Representatives</a> <br />from <span data-sort-value="Illinois01 !"><a href="/wiki/Illinois%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Illinois's 1st congressional district">Illinois's 1st congressional district</a></span> </b><br />1897–1903 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Martin_Emerich" title="Martin Emerich">Martin Emerich</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/John_J._Feely" title="John J. Feely">John J. Feely</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Member of the <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Illinois" title="List of United States representatives from Illinois">U.S. House of Representatives</a> <br />from <span data-sort-value="Illinois02 !"><a href="/wiki/Illinois%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Illinois's 2nd congressional district">Illinois's 2nd congressional district</a></span> </b><br />1903–1922 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Morton_D._Hull" title="Morton D. Hull">Morton D. Hull</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Republican_Party" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#FFB6B6;;background:#E81B23; 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text-decoration: inherit;">Republican Party</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#FFB6B6;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="History of the Republican Party (United States)">History</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Union_Party_(United_States)" title="National Union Party (United States)">National Union Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Party_System" title="Third Party System">Third Party System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourth_Party_System" title="Fourth Party System">Fourth Party System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fifth_Party_System" title="Fifth Party System">Fifth Party System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sixth_Party_System" title="Sixth Party System">Sixth Party System</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFB6B6;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Republican_Party_presidential_tickets" title="List of United States Republican Party presidential tickets">Presidential<br />tickets</a>,<br /><a href="/wiki/Republican_National_Convention" title="Republican National Convention">national<br />conventions</a>,<br />and<br /><a href="/wiki/List_of_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="List of Republican Party presidential primaries">presidential<br />primaries</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1856_Republican_National_Convention" title="1856 Republican National Convention">1856 (Philadelphia)</a>: <a href="/wiki/John_C._Fr%C3%A9mont" title="John C. Frémont">Frémont</a>/<a href="/wiki/William_L._Dayton" title="William L. Dayton">Dayton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1860_Republican_National_Convention" title="1860 Republican National Convention">1860 (Chicago)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Abraham_Lincoln" title="Abraham Lincoln">Lincoln</a>/<a href="/wiki/Hannibal_Hamlin" title="Hannibal Hamlin">Hamlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1864_National_Union_National_Convention" title="1864 National Union National Convention">1864 (Baltimore)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Abraham_Lincoln" title="Abraham Lincoln">Lincoln</a>/<a href="/wiki/Andrew_Johnson" title="Andrew Johnson">Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1868_Republican_National_Convention" title="1868 Republican National Convention">1868 (Chicago)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Ulysses_S._Grant" title="Ulysses S. Grant">Grant</a>/<a href="/wiki/Schuyler_Colfax" title="Schuyler Colfax">Colfax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1872_Republican_National_Convention" title="1872 Republican National Convention">1872 (Philadelphia)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Ulysses_S._Grant" title="Ulysses S. Grant">Grant</a>/<a href="/wiki/Henry_Wilson" title="Henry Wilson">Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1876_Republican_National_Convention" title="1876 Republican National Convention">1876 (Cincinnati)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Rutherford_B._Hayes" title="Rutherford B. Hayes">Hayes</a>/<a href="/wiki/William_A._Wheeler" title="William A. Wheeler">Wheeler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1880_Republican_National_Convention" title="1880 Republican National Convention">1880 (Chicago)</a>: <a href="/wiki/James_A._Garfield" title="James A. Garfield">Garfield</a>/<a href="/wiki/Chester_A._Arthur" title="Chester A. Arthur">Arthur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1884_Republican_National_Convention" title="1884 Republican National Convention">1884 (Chicago)</a>: <a href="/wiki/James_G._Blaine" title="James G. Blaine">Blaine</a>/<a href="/wiki/John_A._Logan" title="John A. Logan">Logan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1888_Republican_National_Convention" title="1888 Republican National Convention">1888 (Chicago)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Harrison" title="Benjamin Harrison">Harrison</a>/<a href="/wiki/Levi_P._Morton" title="Levi P. Morton">Morton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1892_Republican_National_Convention" title="1892 Republican National Convention">1892 (Minneapolis)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Harrison" title="Benjamin Harrison">Harrison</a>/<a href="/wiki/Whitelaw_Reid" title="Whitelaw Reid">Reid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1896_Republican_National_Convention" title="1896 Republican National Convention">1896 (Saint Louis)</a>: <a href="/wiki/William_McKinley" title="William McKinley">McKinley</a>/<a href="/wiki/Garret_Hobart" title="Garret Hobart">Hobart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1900_Republican_National_Convention" title="1900 Republican National Convention">1900 (Philadelphia)</a>: <a href="/wiki/William_McKinley" title="William McKinley">McKinley</a>/<a href="/wiki/Theodore_Roosevelt" title="Theodore Roosevelt">Roosevelt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1904_Republican_National_Convention" title="1904 Republican National Convention">1904 (Chicago)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Theodore_Roosevelt" title="Theodore Roosevelt">Roosevelt</a>/<a href="/wiki/Charles_W._Fairbanks" title="Charles W. Fairbanks">Fairbanks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1908_Republican_National_Convention" title="1908 Republican National Convention">1908 (Chicago)</a>: <a href="/wiki/William_Howard_Taft" title="William Howard Taft">Taft</a>/<a href="/wiki/James_S._Sherman" title="James S. Sherman">Sherman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1912_Republican_National_Convention" title="1912 Republican National Convention">1912 (Chicago)</a>: <a href="/wiki/William_Howard_Taft" title="William Howard Taft">Taft</a>/<a href="/wiki/James_S._Sherman" title="James S. Sherman">Sherman</a>/<a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Murray_Butler" title="Nicholas Murray Butler">Butler</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1912_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1912 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1916_Republican_National_Convention" title="1916 Republican National Convention">1916 (Chicago)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Charles_Evans_Hughes" title="Charles Evans Hughes">Hughes</a>/<a href="/wiki/Charles_W._Fairbanks" title="Charles W. Fairbanks">Fairbanks</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1916_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1916 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1920_Republican_National_Convention" title="1920 Republican National Convention">1920 (Chicago)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Warren_G._Harding" title="Warren G. Harding">Harding</a>/<a href="/wiki/Calvin_Coolidge" title="Calvin Coolidge">Coolidge</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1920_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1920 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1924_Republican_National_Convention" title="1924 Republican National Convention">1924 (Cleveland)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Calvin_Coolidge" title="Calvin Coolidge">Coolidge</a>/<a href="/wiki/Charles_G._Dawes" title="Charles G. Dawes">Dawes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1924_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1924 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1928_Republican_National_Convention" title="1928 Republican National Convention">1928 (Kansas City)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Hoover" title="Herbert Hoover">Hoover</a>/<a href="/wiki/Charles_Curtis" title="Charles Curtis">Curtis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1928_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1928 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1932_Republican_National_Convention" title="1932 Republican National Convention">1932 (Chicago)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Hoover" title="Herbert Hoover">Hoover</a>/<a href="/wiki/Charles_Curtis" title="Charles Curtis">Curtis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1932_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1932 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1936_Republican_National_Convention" title="1936 Republican National Convention">1936 (Cleveland)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Alf_Landon" title="Alf Landon">Landon</a>/<a href="/wiki/Frank_Knox" title="Frank Knox">Knox</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1936_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1936 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_Republican_National_Convention" title="1940 Republican National Convention">1940 (Philadelphia)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Wendell_Willkie" title="Wendell Willkie">Willkie</a>/<a href="/wiki/Charles_L._McNary" title="Charles L. McNary">McNary</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1940_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1940 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1944_Republican_National_Convention" title="1944 Republican National Convention">1944 (Chicago)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Thomas_E._Dewey" title="Thomas E. Dewey">Dewey</a>/<a href="/wiki/John_W._Bricker" title="John W. Bricker">Bricker</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1944_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1944 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1948_Republican_National_Convention" title="1948 Republican National Convention">1948 (Philadelphia)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Thomas_E._Dewey" title="Thomas E. Dewey">Dewey</a>/<a href="/wiki/Earl_Warren" title="Earl Warren">Warren</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1948_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1948 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1952_Republican_National_Convention" title="1952 Republican National Convention">1952 (Chicago)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="Dwight D. Eisenhower">Eisenhower</a>/<a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Nixon</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1952_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1952 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_Republican_National_Convention" title="1956 Republican National Convention">1956 (San Francisco)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="Dwight D. Eisenhower">Eisenhower</a>/<a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Nixon</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1956_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1956 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1960_Republican_National_Convention" title="1960 Republican National Convention">1960 (Chicago)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Nixon</a>/<a href="/wiki/Henry_Cabot_Lodge_Jr." title="Henry Cabot Lodge Jr.">Lodge</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1960_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1960 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1964_Republican_National_Convention" title="1964 Republican National Convention">1964 (San Francisco)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Barry_Goldwater" title="Barry Goldwater">Goldwater</a>/<a href="/wiki/William_E._Miller" title="William E. Miller">Miller</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1964_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1964 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1968_Republican_National_Convention" title="1968 Republican National Convention">1968 (Miami Beach)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Nixon</a>/<a href="/wiki/Spiro_Agnew" title="Spiro Agnew">Agnew</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1968_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1968 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1972_Republican_National_Convention" title="1972 Republican National Convention">1972 (Miami Beach)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Nixon</a>/<a href="/wiki/Spiro_Agnew" title="Spiro Agnew">Agnew</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1972_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1972 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1976_Republican_National_Convention" title="1976 Republican National Convention">1976 (Kansas City)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Gerald_Ford" title="Gerald Ford">Ford</a>/<a href="/wiki/Bob_Dole" title="Bob Dole">Dole</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1976_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1976 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_Republican_National_Convention" title="1980 Republican National Convention">1980 (Detroit)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Reagan</a>/<a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">G. H. W. Bush</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1980_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1980 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1984_Republican_National_Convention" title="1984 Republican National Convention">1984 (Dallas)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Reagan</a>/<a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">G. H. W. Bush</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1984_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1984 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1988_Republican_National_Convention" title="1988 Republican National Convention">1988 (New Orleans)</a>: <a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">G. H. W. Bush</a>/<a href="/wiki/Dan_Quayle" title="Dan Quayle">Quayle</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1988_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1988 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_Republican_National_Convention" title="1992 Republican National Convention">1992 (Houston)</a>: <a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">G. H. W. Bush</a>/<a href="/wiki/Dan_Quayle" title="Dan Quayle">Quayle</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1992_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1992 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996_Republican_National_Convention" title="1996 Republican National Convention">1996 (San Diego)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Bob_Dole" title="Bob Dole">Dole</a>/<a href="/wiki/Jack_Kemp" title="Jack Kemp">Kemp</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1996_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1996 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2000_Republican_National_Convention" title="2000 Republican National Convention">2000 (Philadelphia)</a>: <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">G. W. Bush</a>/<a href="/wiki/Dick_Cheney" title="Dick Cheney">Cheney</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2000_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2000 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_Republican_National_Convention" title="2004 Republican National Convention">2004 (New York)</a>: <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">G. W. Bush</a>/<a href="/wiki/Dick_Cheney" title="Dick Cheney">Cheney</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2004_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2004 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_Republican_National_Convention" title="2008 Republican National Convention">2008 (St. Paul)</a>: <a href="/wiki/John_McCain" title="John McCain">McCain</a>/<a href="/wiki/Sarah_Palin" title="Sarah Palin">Palin</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2008_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2008 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_Republican_National_Convention" title="2012 Republican National Convention">2012 (Tampa)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Mitt_Romney" title="Mitt Romney">Romney</a>/<a href="/wiki/Paul_Ryan" title="Paul Ryan">Ryan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2012_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2012 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Republican_National_Convention" title="2016 Republican National Convention">2016 (Cleveland)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Trump</a>/<a href="/wiki/Mike_Pence" title="Mike Pence">Pence</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2016_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2016 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Republican_National_Convention" title="2020 Republican National Convention">2020 (Charlotte/other locations)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Trump</a>/<a href="/wiki/Mike_Pence" title="Mike Pence">Pence</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2020_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2020 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Republican_National_Convention" title="2024 Republican National Convention">2024 (Milwaukee)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Trump</a>/<a href="/wiki/JD_Vance" title="JD Vance">Vance</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2024_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2024 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/2028_Republican_National_Convention" title="2028 Republican National Convention">2028 (Houston)</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFB6B6;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of presidents of the United States">Presidential</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Administration_(government)" title="Administration (government)">administrations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Abraham_Lincoln" title="Presidency of Abraham Lincoln">Lincoln</a> (1861–1865)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Andrew_Johnson" title="Presidency of Andrew Johnson">Johnson</a> (1865–1868)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Ulysses_S._Grant" title="Presidency of Ulysses S. Grant">Grant</a> (1869–1877)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Rutherford_B._Hayes" title="Presidency of Rutherford B. Hayes">Hayes</a> (1877–1881)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_A._Garfield" title="James A. Garfield">Garfield</a> (1881)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Chester_A._Arthur" title="Presidency of Chester A. Arthur">Arthur</a> (1881–1885)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Benjamin_Harrison" title="Presidency of Benjamin Harrison">Harrison</a> (1889–1893)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_William_McKinley" title="Presidency of William McKinley">McKinley</a> (1897–1901)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Theodore_Roosevelt" title="Presidency of Theodore Roosevelt">Roosevelt</a> (1901–1909)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_William_Howard_Taft" title="Presidency of William Howard Taft">Taft</a> (1909–1913)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Warren_G._Harding" title="Presidency of Warren G. Harding">Harding</a> (1921–1923)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Calvin_Coolidge" title="Presidency of Calvin Coolidge">Coolidge</a> (1923–1929)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Herbert_Hoover" title="Presidency of Herbert Hoover">Hoover</a> (1929–1933)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="Presidency of Dwight D. Eisenhower">Eisenhower</a> (1953–1961)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Richard_Nixon" title="Presidency of Richard Nixon">Nixon</a> (1969–1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Gerald_Ford" title="Presidency of Gerald Ford">Ford</a> (1974–1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Ronald_Reagan" title="Presidency of Ronald Reagan">Reagan</a> (1981–1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_George_H._W._Bush" title="Presidency of George H. W. Bush">G. H. W. Bush</a> (1989–1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_George_W._Bush" title="Presidency of George W. Bush">G. W. Bush</a> (2001–2009)</li> <li>Trump (<a href="/wiki/First_presidency_of_Donald_Trump" title="First presidency of Donald Trump">2017–2021</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFB6B6;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Party_leaders_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Party leaders of the United States House of Representatives">U.S. House<br />leaders</a>,<br /><a href="/wiki/List_of_speakers_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="List of speakers of the United States House of Representatives">Speakers</a>,<br />and<br /><a href="/wiki/House_Republican_Conference" title="House Republican Conference">Conference<br />chairs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_Pennington" title="William Pennington">Pennington</a> (1860–1861)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galusha_A._Grow" title="Galusha A. Grow">Grow</a> (1861–1863)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schuyler_Colfax" title="Schuyler Colfax">Colfax</a> (1863–1869)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodore_M._Pomeroy" title="Theodore M. Pomeroy">Pomeroy</a> (1869)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_G._Blaine" title="James G. Blaine">Blaine</a> (1869–1875)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_W._McCrary" title="George W. McCrary">McCrary</a> (1875–1877)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugene_Hale" title="Eugene Hale">Hale</a> (1877–1879)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_P._Frye" title="William P. Frye">Frye</a> (1879–1881)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._Warren_Keifer" title="J. Warren Keifer">Keifer</a> (1881–1883)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Gurney_Cannon" title="Joseph Gurney Cannon">Cannon</a> (1883–1889)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Brackett_Reed" title="Thomas Brackett Reed">Reed</a> (1889–1891)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_J._Henderson_(politician)" title="Thomas J. Henderson (politician)">T. J. Henderson</a> (1891–1895)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Brackett_Reed" title="Thomas Brackett Reed">Reed</a> (1895–1899)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_B._Henderson" title="David B. Henderson">D. B. Henderson</a> (1899–1903)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Gurney_Cannon" title="Joseph Gurney Cannon">Cannon</a> (1903–1911)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Mann</a> (1911–1919)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_H._Gillett" title="Frederick H. Gillett">Gillett</a> (1919–1925)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Longworth" title="Nicholas Longworth">Longworth</a> (1925–1931)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bertrand_Snell" title="Bertrand Snell">Snell</a> (1931–1939)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_W._Martin_Jr." title="Joseph W. Martin Jr.">Martin</a> (1939–1959)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_A._Halleck" title="Charles A. Halleck">Halleck</a> (1959–1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Ford" title="Gerald Ford">Ford</a> (1965–1973)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Jacob_Rhodes" title="John Jacob Rhodes">Rhodes</a> (1973–1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_H._Michel" title="Robert H. Michel">Michel</a> (1981–1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newt_Gingrich" title="Newt Gingrich">Gingrich</a> (1995–1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dennis_Hastert" title="Dennis Hastert">Hastert</a> (1999–2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Boehner" title="John Boehner">Boehner</a> (2007–2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Ryan" title="Paul Ryan">Ryan</a> (2015–2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kevin_McCarthy" title="Kevin McCarthy">McCarthy</a> (2019–2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Johnson" title="Mike Johnson">Johnson</a> (2023–)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFB6B6;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Republican_National_Committee" title="Republican National Committee">RNC</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFB6B6;;width:1%">Chairs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Edwin_D._Morgan" title="Edwin D. Morgan">Morgan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Jarvis_Raymond" title="Henry Jarvis Raymond">Raymond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcus_Lawrence_Ward" title="Marcus Lawrence Ward">Ward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Claflin" title="William Claflin">Claflin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edwin_D._Morgan" title="Edwin D. Morgan">Morgan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zachariah_Chandler" title="Zachariah Chandler">Chandler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._Donald_Cameron" title="J. Donald Cameron">Cameron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marshall_Jewell" title="Marshall Jewell">Jewell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dwight_M._Sabin" title="Dwight M. Sabin">Sabin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Franklin_Jones_(industrialist)" title="Benjamin Franklin Jones (industrialist)">Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthew_Quay" title="Matthew Quay">Quay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_S._Clarkson" title="James S. Clarkson">Clarkson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_James_Campbell" title="William James Campbell">Campbell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_H._Carter" title="Thomas H. Carter">Carter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Hanna" title="Mark Hanna">Hanna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Clay_Payne" title="Henry Clay Payne">Payne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_B._Cortelyou" title="George B. Cortelyou">Cortelyou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_S._New" title="Harry S. New">New</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Harris_Hitchcock" title="Frank Harris Hitchcock">Hitchcock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Fremont_Hill" title="John Fremont Hill">Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_Rosewater" title="Victor Rosewater">Rosewater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_D._Hilles" title="Charles D. Hilles">Hilles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Russell_Willcox" title="William Russell Willcox">Wilcox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Will_H._Hays" title="Will H. Hays">Hays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_T._Adams" title="John T. Adams">Adams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_M._Butler" title="William M. Butler">Butler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hubert_Work" title="Hubert Work">Work</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claudius_H._Huston" title="Claudius H. Huston">Huston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simeon_D._Fess" title="Simeon D. Fess">Fess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Everett_Sanders" title="Everett Sanders">Sanders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_P._Fletcher" title="Henry P. Fletcher">Fletcher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Hamilton_(Kansas_politician)" title="John Hamilton (Kansas politician)">Hamilton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_W._Martin_Jr." title="Joseph W. Martin Jr.">Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bailey_Walsh" title="Bailey Walsh">Walsh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harrison_E._Spangler" title="Harrison E. Spangler">Spangler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Brownell_Jr." title="Herbert Brownell Jr.">Brownell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B._Carroll_Reece" title="B. Carroll Reece">Reece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Scott" title="Hugh Scott">Scott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guy_Gabrielson" title="Guy Gabrielson">Gabrielson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Summerfield" title="Arthur Summerfield">Summerfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._Wesley_Roberts" title="C. Wesley Roberts">Roberts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonard_W._Hall" title="Leonard W. Hall">Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meade_Alcorn" title="Meade Alcorn">Alcorn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thruston_Ballard_Morton" title="Thruston Ballard Morton">T. Morton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_E._Miller" title="William E. Miller">Miller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dean_Burch" title="Dean Burch">Burch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ray_C._Bliss" title="Ray C. Bliss">Bliss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rogers_Morton" title="Rogers Morton">R. Morton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Dole" title="Bob Dole">Dole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">Bush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Louise_Smith_(politician)" title="Mary Louise Smith (politician)">Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Brock" title="Bill Brock">Brock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Richards_(Utah_politician)" title="Richard Richards (Utah politician)">Richards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Laxalt" title="Paul Laxalt">Laxalt</a>/<a href="/wiki/Frank_Fahrenkopf" title="Frank Fahrenkopf">Fahrenkopf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Fahrenkopf" title="Frank Fahrenkopf">Fahrenkopf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lee_Atwater" title="Lee Atwater">Atwater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clayton_Yeutter" title="Clayton Yeutter">Yeutter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Bond_(political_executive)" title="Richard Bond (political executive)">Bond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haley_Barbour" title="Haley Barbour">Barbour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Nicholson_(Secretary_of_Veterans_Affairs)" title="Jim Nicholson (Secretary of Veterans Affairs)">Nicholson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Gilmore" title="Jim Gilmore">Gilmore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marc_Racicot" title="Marc Racicot">Racicot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ed_Gillespie" title="Ed Gillespie">Gillespie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ken_Mehlman" title="Ken Mehlman">Mehlman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mel_Mart%C3%ADnez" title="Mel Martínez">Martínez</a>/<a href="/wiki/Mike_Duncan" title="Mike Duncan">Duncan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Duncan" title="Mike Duncan">Duncan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Steele" title="Michael Steele">Steele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reince_Priebus" title="Reince Priebus">Priebus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronna_McDaniel" title="Ronna McDaniel">McDaniel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Whatley" title="Michael Whatley">Whatley</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFB6B6;;width:1%">Chair elections</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2009_Republican_National_Committee_chairmanship_election" title="2009 Republican National Committee chairmanship election">2009</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_Republican_National_Committee_chairmanship_election" title="2011 Republican National Committee chairmanship election">2011</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_Republican_National_Committee_chairmanship_election" title="2013 Republican National Committee chairmanship election">2013</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_Republican_National_Committee_chairmanship_election" title="2015 Republican National Committee chairmanship election">2015</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Republican_National_Committee_chairmanship_election" title="2017 Republican National Committee chairmanship election">2017</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2019_Republican_National_Committee_chairmanship_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2019 Republican National Committee chairmanship election (page does not exist)">2019</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2021_Republican_National_Committee_chairmanship_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2021 Republican National Committee chairmanship election (page does not exist)">2021</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Republican_National_Committee_chairmanship_election" title="2023 Republican National Committee chairmanship election">2023</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Republican_National_Committee_chairmanship_election" class="mw-redirect" title="2024 Republican National Committee chairmanship election">2024</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFB6B6;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_state_parties_of_the_Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="List of state parties of the Republican Party (United States)">Parties</a> by<br />state and<br />territory</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFB6B6;;width:1%">State</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alabama_Republican_Party" title="Alabama Republican Party">Alabama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alaska_Republican_Party" title="Alaska Republican Party">Alaska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arizona_Republican_Party" title="Arizona Republican Party">Arizona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_of_Arkansas" title="Republican Party of Arkansas">Arkansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_Republican_Party" title="California Republican Party">California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colorado_Republican_Party" title="Colorado Republican Party">Colorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Connecticut_Republican_Party" title="Connecticut Republican Party">Connecticut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_State_Committee_of_Delaware" title="Republican State Committee of Delaware">Delaware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_of_Florida" title="Republican Party of Florida">Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgia_Republican_Party" title="Georgia Republican Party">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hawaii_Republican_Party" title="Hawaii Republican Party">Hawaii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idaho_Republican_Party" title="Idaho Republican Party">Idaho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Illinois_Republican_Party" title="Illinois Republican Party">Illinois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indiana_Republican_Party" title="Indiana Republican Party">Indiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_of_Iowa" title="Republican Party of Iowa">Iowa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kansas_Republican_Party" title="Kansas Republican Party">Kansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_of_Kentucky" title="Republican Party of Kentucky">Kentucky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_of_Louisiana" title="Republican Party of Louisiana">Louisiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maine_Republican_Party" title="Maine Republican Party">Maine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maryland_Republican_Party" title="Maryland Republican Party">Maryland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Republican_Party" title="Massachusetts Republican Party">Massachusetts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michigan_Republican_Party" title="Michigan Republican Party">Michigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_of_Minnesota" title="Republican Party of Minnesota">Minnesota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mississippi_Republican_Party" title="Mississippi Republican Party">Mississippi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Missouri_Republican_Party" title="Missouri Republican Party">Missouri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montana_Republican_Party" title="Montana Republican Party">Montana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nebraska_Republican_Party" title="Nebraska Republican Party">Nebraska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nevada_Republican_Party" title="Nevada Republican Party">Nevada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Hampshire_Republican_State_Committee" title="New Hampshire Republican State Committee">New Hampshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Jersey_Republican_Party" title="New Jersey Republican Party">New Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_of_New_Mexico" title="Republican Party of New Mexico">New Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Republican_State_Committee" title="New York Republican State Committee">New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Carolina_Republican_Party" title="North Carolina Republican Party">North Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Dakota_Republican_Party" title="North Dakota Republican Party">North Dakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ohio_Republican_Party" title="Ohio Republican Party">Ohio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oklahoma_Republican_Party" title="Oklahoma Republican Party">Oklahoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oregon_Republican_Party" title="Oregon Republican Party">Oregon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania_Republican_Party" title="Pennsylvania Republican Party">Pennsylvania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhode_Island_Republican_Party" title="Rhode Island Republican Party">Rhode Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Carolina_Republican_Party" title="South Carolina Republican Party">South Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Dakota_Republican_Party" title="South Dakota Republican Party">South Dakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tennessee_Republican_Party" title="Tennessee Republican Party">Tennessee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_of_Texas" title="Republican Party of Texas">Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utah_Republican_Party" title="Utah Republican Party">Utah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vermont_Republican_Party" title="Vermont Republican Party">Vermont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_of_Virginia" title="Republican Party of Virginia">Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_State_Republican_Party" title="Washington State Republican Party">Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Virginia_Republican_Party" title="West Virginia Republican Party">West Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_of_Wisconsin" title="Republican Party of Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wyoming_Republican_Party" title="Wyoming Republican Party">Wyoming</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFB6B6;;width:1%">Territory</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_of_American_Samoa" title="Republican Party of American Samoa">American Samoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/District_of_Columbia_Republican_Party" title="District of Columbia Republican Party">District of Columbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_of_Guam" title="Republican Party of Guam">Guam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(Northern_Mariana_Islands)" title="Republican Party (Northern Mariana Islands)">Northern Mariana Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Republican Party of Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_of_the_Virgin_Islands" title="Republican Party of the Virgin Islands">Virgin Islands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFB6B6;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)_organizations" title="Republican Party (United States) organizations">Affiliated <br /> organizations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFB6B6;;width:1%">Congress</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/House_Republican_Conference" title="House Republican Conference">House Conference</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Legislative_Digest" title="Legislative Digest">Legislative Digest</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steering_and_Policy_Committees_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Steering and Policy Committees of the United States House of Representatives">Steering and Policy Committees</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_Republican_Conference" title="Senate Republican Conference">Senate Conference</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Republican_Policy_Committee" title="United States Senate Republican Policy Committee">Policy Committee</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Factions_in_the_Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Factions in the Republican Party (United States)">Factions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_Caucus" title="Freedom Caucus">Freedom Caucus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Problem_Solvers_Caucus" title="Problem Solvers Caucus">Problem Solvers Caucus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Governance_Group" title="Republican Governance Group">Republican Governance Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Study_Committee" title="Republican Study Committee">Republican Study Committee</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFB6B6;;width:1%">Fundraising<br />groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Republican_Congressional_Committee" title="National Republican Congressional Committee">National Republican Congressional Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Republican_Redistricting_Trust" title="National Republican Redistricting Trust">National Republican Redistricting Trust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Republican_Senatorial_Committee" title="National Republican Senatorial Committee">National Republican Senatorial Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Attorneys_General_Association" title="Republican Attorneys General Association">Republican Attorneys General Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Governors_Association" title="Republican Governors Association">Republican Governors Association</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFB6B6;;width:1%">Sectional<br />groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/College_Republicans" title="College Republicans">College Republicans</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_chairpersons_of_the_College_Republicans" title="List of chairpersons of the College Republicans">Chairmen</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congressional_Hispanic_Conference" title="Congressional Hispanic Conference">Congressional Hispanic Conference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Log_Cabin_Republicans" title="Log Cabin Republicans">Log Cabin Republicans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Jewish_Coalition" title="Republican Jewish Coalition">Republican Jewish Coalition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_National_Hispanic_Assembly" title="Republican National Hispanic Assembly">Republican National Hispanic Assembly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republicans_Abroad" title="Republicans Abroad">Republicans Abroad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teen_Age_Republicans" title="Teen Age Republicans">Teen Age Republicans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Young_Republicans" title="Young Republicans">Young Republicans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republicans_Overseas" title="Republicans Overseas">Republicans Overseas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_School_Republican_National_Federation" title="High School Republican National Federation">High School Republican National Federation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFB6B6;;width:1%">Factional<br />groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Main_Street_Partnership" title="Republican Main Street Partnership">Republican Main Street Partnership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Majority_for_Choice" title="Republican Majority for Choice">Republican Majority for Choice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Liberty_Caucus" title="Republican Liberty Caucus">Republican Liberty Caucus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_National_Coalition_for_Life" title="Republican National Coalition for Life">Republican National Coalition for Life</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ConservAmerica" title="ConservAmerica">ConservAmerica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberty_Caucus" title="Liberty Caucus">Liberty Caucus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ripon_Society" title="Ripon Society">Ripon Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Wish_List_(political_organization)" title="The Wish List (political organization)">The Wish List</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFB6B6;;width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="List of Republican Party presidential primaries">Primaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_presidential_debates" title="Republican Party presidential debates">Debates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_the_history_of_the_Republican_Party" title="Bibliography of the history of the Republican Party">Bibliography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Democracy_Union" title="International Democracy Union">International Democracy Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_modern_American_conservatism" title="Timeline of modern American conservatism">Timeline of modern American conservatism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trumpism" title="Trumpism">Trumpism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Minority_leaders_of_the_U.S._House_of_Representatives" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:US_House_minority_leaders" title="Template:US House minority leaders"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:US_House_minority_leaders" title="Template talk:US House minority leaders"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:US_House_minority_leaders" title="Special:EditPage/Template:US House minority leaders"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Minority_leaders_of_the_U.S._House_of_Representatives" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Party_leaders_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Party leaders of the United States House of Representatives">Minority leaders of the U.S. House of Representatives</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_W._Bailey" title="Joseph W. Bailey">Bailey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_D._Richardson" title="James D. Richardson">Richardson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Sharp_Williams" title="John Sharp Williams">Williams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Champ_Clark" title="Champ Clark">Clark</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Mann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Champ_Clark" title="Champ Clark">Clark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claude_Kitchin" title="Claude Kitchin">Kitchin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finis_J._Garrett" title="Finis J. Garrett">Garrett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Nance_Garner" title="John Nance Garner">Garner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bertrand_Snell" title="Bertrand Snell">Snell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_W._Martin_Jr." title="Joseph W. Martin Jr.">Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sam_Rayburn" title="Sam Rayburn">Rayburn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_W._Martin_Jr." title="Joseph W. Martin Jr.">Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sam_Rayburn" title="Sam Rayburn">Rayburn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_W._Martin_Jr." title="Joseph W. Martin Jr.">Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_A._Halleck" title="Charles A. Halleck">Halleck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Ford" title="Gerald Ford">Ford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Jacob_Rhodes" title="John Jacob Rhodes">Rhodes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_H._Michel" title="Robert H. Michel">Michel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dick_Gephardt" title="Dick Gephardt">Gephardt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nancy_Pelosi" title="Nancy Pelosi">Pelosi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Boehner" title="John Boehner">Boehner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nancy_Pelosi" title="Nancy Pelosi">Pelosi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kevin_McCarthy" title="Kevin McCarthy">McCarthy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hakeem_Jeffries" title="Hakeem Jeffries">Jeffries</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg/60px-Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg/90px-Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg/120px-Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1030" data-file-height="1030" /></span></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Republican_Party_leaders_of_the_U.S._House_of_Representatives" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:US_House_Republican_leaders" title="Template:US House Republican leaders"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:US_House_Republican_leaders" title="Template talk:US House Republican leaders"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:US_House_Republican_leaders" title="Special:EditPage/Template:US House Republican leaders"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Republican_Party_leaders_of_the_U.S._House_of_Representatives" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Party_leaders_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Party leaders of the United States House of Representatives">Republican Party leaders of the U.S. House of Representatives</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sereno_E._Payne" title="Sereno E. Payne">Payne</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Mann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Wheeler_Mondell" class="mw-redirect" title="Frank Wheeler Mondell">Mondell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Longworth" title="Nicholas Longworth">Longworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Q._Tilson" title="John Q. Tilson">Tilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bertrand_Snell" title="Bertrand Snell">Snell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_William_Martin_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="Joseph William Martin Jr.">Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_A._Halleck" title="Charles A. Halleck">Halleck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_William_Martin_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="Joseph William Martin Jr.">Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_A._Halleck" title="Charles A. Halleck">Halleck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_William_Martin_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="Joseph William Martin Jr.">Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_A._Halleck" title="Charles A. Halleck">Halleck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Ford" title="Gerald Ford">Ford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Jacob_Rhodes" title="John Jacob Rhodes">Rhodes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_H._Michel" title="Robert H. Michel">Michel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dick_Armey" title="Dick Armey">Armey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_DeLay" title="Tom DeLay">DeLay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roy_Blunt" title="Roy Blunt">Blunt</a><sup>i</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Boehner" title="John Boehner">Boehner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Cantor" title="Eric Cantor">Cantor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kevin_McCarthy" title="Kevin McCarthy">McCarthy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_Scalise" title="Steve Scalise">Scalise</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Seal of the United States House of Representatives"><img alt="Seal of the United States House of Representatives" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg/60px-Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg/90px-Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg/120px-Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1030" data-file-height="1030" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div>(i) - interim</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Chairmen_of_the_U.S._House_Committee_on_Energy_and_Commerce" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:US_House_Energy_and_Commerce_chairs" title="Template:US House Energy and Commerce chairs"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:US_House_Energy_and_Commerce_chairs" title="Template talk:US House Energy and Commerce chairs"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:US_House_Energy_and_Commerce_chairs" title="Special:EditPage/Template:US House Energy and Commerce chairs"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Chairmen_of_the_U.S._House_Committee_on_Energy_and_Commerce" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Committee_on_Energy_and_Commerce" title="United States House Committee on Energy and Commerce">Chairmen of the U.S. House Committee on Energy and Commerce</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Commerce and Manufactures <br /> (1795–1819)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Goodhue" title="Benjamin Goodhue">Goodhue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Swanwick" title="John Swanwick">Swanwick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Livingston" title="Edward Livingston">Livingston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Smith_(Maryland_politician)" title="Samuel Smith (Maryland politician)">S. Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_L._Mitchill" title="Samuel L. Mitchill">Mitchill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacob_Crowninshield" title="Jacob Crowninshield">Crowninshield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gurdon_S._Mumford" title="Gurdon S. Mumford">Mumford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Newton_Jr." title="Thomas Newton Jr.">Newton</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Seal of the United States House of Representatives"><img alt="Seal of the United States House of Representatives" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg/90px-Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg.png" decoding="async" width="90" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg/135px-Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg/180px-Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1030" data-file-height="1030" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Commerce <br /> (1819–1893)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Newton_Jr." title="Thomas Newton Jr.">Newton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Churchill_C._Cambreleng" title="Churchill C. Cambreleng">Cambreleng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joel_Barlow_Sutherland" class="mw-redirect" title="Joel Barlow Sutherland">Sutherland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Ormand_Jonathan_Smith" title="Francis Ormand Jonathan Smith">F. Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Cushman" title="Samuel Cushman">Cushman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Curtis_(politician)" title="Edward Curtis (politician)">Curtis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_P._Kennedy" title="John P. Kennedy">Kennedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_E._Holmes" title="Isaac E. Holmes">Holmes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_McClelland_(American_politician)" title="Robert McClelland (American politician)">McClelland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_Hunt" title="Washington Hunt">Hunt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Milligan_McLane" title="Robert Milligan McLane">McLane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_L._Seymour" title="David L. Seymour">Seymour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_J._D._Fuller" title="Thomas J. D. Fuller">Fuller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elihu_B._Washburne" title="Elihu B. Washburne">Washburne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Cochrane_(politician)" title="John Cochrane (politician)">Cochrane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elihu_B._Washburne" title="Elihu B. Washburne">Washburne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_D._Eliot" title="Thomas D. Eliot">Eliot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathan_F._Dixon_II" title="Nathan F. Dixon II">Dixon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Shellabarger_(Ohio_politician)" title="Samuel Shellabarger (Ohio politician)">Shellabarger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_A._Wheeler" title="William A. Wheeler">Wheeler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Hereford_(politician)" title="Frank Hereford (politician)">Hereford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elijah_Ward" title="Elijah Ward">Ward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_H._Reagan" title="John H. Reagan">Reagan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horace_F._Page" title="Horace F. Page">Page</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_H._Reagan" title="John H. Reagan">Reagan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_L._Clardy" title="Martin L. Clardy">Clardy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_S._Baker" title="Charles S. Baker">Baker</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Interstate and Foreign Commerce <br /> (1893–1981)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Q._Mills" title="Roger Q. Mills">Mills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_D._Wise_(politician)" title="George D. Wise (politician)">Wise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Peters_Hepburn" class="mw-redirect" title="William Peters Hepburn">Hepburn</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Mann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_C._Adamson" title="William C. Adamson">Adamson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thetus_W._Sims" title="Thetus W. Sims">Sims</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_J._Esch" title="John J. Esch">Esch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Winslow" title="Samuel Winslow">Winslow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_S._Parker" title="James S. Parker">Parker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sam_Rayburn" title="Sam Rayburn">Rayburn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clarence_F._Lea" title="Clarence F. Lea">Lea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_A._Wolverton" title="Charles A. Wolverton">Wolverton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Crosser" title="Robert Crosser">Crosser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_A._Wolverton" title="Charles A. Wolverton">Wolverton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Percy_Priest" title="Percy Priest">Priest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oren_Harris" title="Oren Harris">Harris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harley_Orrin_Staggers" title="Harley Orrin Staggers">Staggers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Energy and Commerce<br />(1981–present)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Dingell" title="John Dingell">Dingell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_J._Bliley_Jr." title="Thomas J. Bliley Jr.">Bliley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billy_Tauzin" title="Billy Tauzin">Tauzin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Barton" title="Joe Barton">Barton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Dingell" title="John Dingell">Dingell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Waxman" title="Henry Waxman">Waxman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Upton" title="Fred Upton">Upton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greg_Walden" title="Greg Walden">Walden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Pallone" title="Frank Pallone">Pallone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cathy_McMorris_Rodgers" title="Cathy McMorris Rodgers">McMorris Rodgers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Illinois&#039;s_delegation(s)_to_the_55th–67th_United_States_Congresses_(ordered_by_seniority)" style="display:table;;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:USCongRep-start" title="Template:USCongRep-start"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:USCongRep-start" title="Template talk:USCongRep-start"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:USCongRep-start" title="Special:EditPage/Template:USCongRep-start"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Illinois&#039;s_delegation(s)_to_the_55th–67th_United_States_Congresses_(ordered_by_seniority)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a>'s delegation(s) to the 55th–67th <a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">United States Congresses</a> <span class="nowrap">(ordered by seniority)</span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;border-width:0;"><div style="padding:0"> <table style="width:100%"> <tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/55th_United_States_Congress" title="55th United States Congress">55th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Illinois" title="List of United States senators from Illinois">Senate</a>:</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Shelby_Moore_Cullom" class="mw-redirect" title="Shelby Moore Cullom">S. Cullom</a> (R) <b>·</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_E._Mason_(American_politician)" title="William E. Mason (American politician)">W. Mason</a> (R)</div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Illinois" title="List of United States representatives from Illinois">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Gurney_Cannon" title="Joseph Gurney Cannon">J. Cannon</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Robert_R._Hitt" title="Robert R. Hitt">R. Hitt</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Albert_J._Hopkins" title="Albert J. Hopkins">A. Hopkins</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_F._Marsh" title="Benjamin F. Marsh">B. Marsh</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/George_Washington_Smith_(congressman)" title="George Washington Smith (congressman)">G. Smith</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Jehu_Baker" title="Jehu Baker">J. Baker</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/James_A._Connolly" title="James A. Connolly">J. Connolly</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Edward_D._Cooke" title="Edward D. Cooke">E. Cooke</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/George_Edmund_Foss" class="mw-redirect" title="George Edmund Foss">G. Foss</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Joseph_V._Graff" title="Joseph V. Graff">J. Graff</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_Lorimer_(politician)" title="William Lorimer (politician)">W. Lorimer</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Walter_Reeves" title="Walter Reeves">W. Reeves</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Vespasian_Warner" title="Vespasian Warner">V. Warner</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/George_E._White_(politician)" title="George E. White (politician)">G. White</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/George_W._Prince" title="George W. Prince">G. Prince</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Hugh_R._Belknap" title="Hugh R. Belknap">H. Belknap</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Andrew_J._Hunter" title="Andrew J. Hunter">A. Hunter</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/James_R._Campbell_(Illinois_politician)" title="James R. Campbell (Illinois politician)">J. Campbell</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_H._Hinrichsen" title="William H. Hinrichsen">W. Hinrichsen</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Thomas_M._Jett" title="Thomas M. Jett">T. Jett</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">J. Mann</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Daniel_W._Mills" title="Daniel W. Mills">D. Mills</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Henry_Sherman_Boutell" title="Henry Sherman Boutell">H. Boutell</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/56th_United_States_Congress" title="56th United States Congress">56th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Illinois" title="List of United States senators from Illinois">Senate</a>:</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Shelby_Moore_Cullom" class="mw-redirect" title="Shelby Moore Cullom">S. Cullom</a> (R) <b>·</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_E._Mason_(American_politician)" title="William E. Mason (American politician)">W. Mason</a> (R)</div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Illinois" title="List of United States representatives from Illinois">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Gurney_Cannon" title="Joseph Gurney Cannon">J. Cannon</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Robert_R._Hitt" title="Robert R. Hitt">R. Hitt</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Albert_J._Hopkins" title="Albert J. Hopkins">A. Hopkins</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_F._Marsh" title="Benjamin F. Marsh">B. Marsh</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/George_Washington_Smith_(congressman)" title="George Washington Smith (congressman)">G. Smith</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/James_R._Williams_(politician)" title="James R. Williams (politician)">J. Williams</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/George_Edmund_Foss" class="mw-redirect" title="George Edmund Foss">G. Foss</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Joseph_V._Graff" title="Joseph V. Graff">J. Graff</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_Lorimer_(politician)" title="William Lorimer (politician)">W. Lorimer</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Walter_Reeves" title="Walter Reeves">W. Reeves</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Vespasian_Warner" title="Vespasian Warner">V. Warner</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/George_W._Prince" title="George W. Prince">G. Prince</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Thomas_M._Jett" title="Thomas M. Jett">T. Jett</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">J. Mann</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Henry_Sherman_Boutell" title="Henry Sherman Boutell">H. Boutell</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Ben_F._Caldwell" title="Ben F. Caldwell">B. Caldwell</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Joseph_B._Crowley" title="Joseph B. Crowley">J. Crowley</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Cusack_(politician)" title="Thomas Cusack (politician)">T. Cusack</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/George_Peter_Foster" title="George Peter Foster">G. Foster</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Edward_Thomas_Noonan" title="Edward Thomas Noonan">E. Noonan</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_A._Rodenberg" title="William A. Rodenberg">W. Rodenberg</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_E._Williams" title="William E. Williams">W. Williams</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/57th_United_States_Congress" title="57th United States Congress">57th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Illinois" title="List of United States senators from Illinois">Senate</a>:</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Shelby_Moore_Cullom" class="mw-redirect" title="Shelby Moore Cullom">S. Cullom</a> (R) <b>·</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_E._Mason_(American_politician)" title="William E. Mason (American politician)">W. Mason</a> (R)</div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Illinois" title="List of United States representatives from Illinois">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Gurney_Cannon" title="Joseph Gurney Cannon">J. Cannon</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Robert_R._Hitt" title="Robert R. Hitt">R. Hitt</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Albert_J._Hopkins" title="Albert J. Hopkins">A. Hopkins</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/George_Washington_Smith_(congressman)" title="George Washington Smith (congressman)">G. Smith</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/James_R._Williams_(politician)" title="James R. Williams (politician)">J. Williams</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/George_Edmund_Foss" class="mw-redirect" title="George Edmund Foss">G. Foss</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Joseph_V._Graff" title="Joseph V. Graff">J. Graff</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Walter_Reeves" title="Walter Reeves">W. Reeves</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Vespasian_Warner" title="Vespasian Warner">V. Warner</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/George_W._Prince" title="George W. Prince">G. Prince</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Thomas_M._Jett" title="Thomas M. Jett">T. Jett</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">J. Mann</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Henry_Sherman_Boutell" title="Henry Sherman Boutell">H. Boutell</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Ben_F._Caldwell" title="Ben F. Caldwell">B. Caldwell</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Joseph_B._Crowley" title="Joseph B. Crowley">J. Crowley</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/George_Peter_Foster" title="George Peter Foster">G. Foster</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_J._Feely" title="John J. Feely">J. Feely</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Fred_J._Kern" title="Fred J. Kern">F. Kern</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_F._Mahoney" title="William F. Mahoney">W. Mahoney</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/James_McAndrews" title="James McAndrews">J. McAndrews</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/J._Ross_Mickey" title="J. Ross Mickey">J. R. Mickey</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Thomas_J._Selby" title="Thomas J. Selby">T. Selby</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/58th_United_States_Congress" title="58th United States Congress">58th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Illinois" title="List of United States senators from Illinois">Senate</a>:</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Shelby_Moore_Cullom" class="mw-redirect" title="Shelby Moore Cullom">S. Cullom</a> (R) <b>·</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Albert_J._Hopkins" title="Albert J. Hopkins">A. Hopkins</a> (R)</div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Illinois" title="List of United States representatives from Illinois">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Gurney_Cannon" title="Joseph Gurney Cannon">J. Cannon</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Robert_R._Hitt" title="Robert R. Hitt">R. Hitt</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/George_Washington_Smith_(congressman)" title="George Washington Smith (congressman)">G. Smith</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_F._Marsh" title="Benjamin F. Marsh">B. Marsh</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/James_R._Williams_(politician)" title="James R. Williams (politician)">J. Williams</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/George_Edmund_Foss" class="mw-redirect" title="George Edmund Foss">G. Foss</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Joseph_V._Graff" title="Joseph V. Graff">J. Graff</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Vespasian_Warner" title="Vespasian Warner">V. Warner</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/George_W._Prince" title="George W. Prince">G. Prince</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">J. Mann</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Henry_Sherman_Boutell" title="Henry Sherman Boutell">H. Boutell</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_Lorimer_(politician)" title="William Lorimer (politician)">W. Lorimer</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Ben_F._Caldwell" title="Ben F. Caldwell">B. Caldwell</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Joseph_B._Crowley" title="Joseph B. Crowley">J. Crowley</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/George_Peter_Foster" title="George Peter Foster">G. Foster</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_F._Mahoney" title="William F. Mahoney">W. Mahoney</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/James_McAndrews" title="James McAndrews">J. McAndrews</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_A._Rodenberg" title="William A. Rodenberg">W. Rodenberg</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Martin_Emerich" title="Martin Emerich">M. Emerich</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Charles_Eugene_Fuller" title="Charles Eugene Fuller">C. Fuller</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Philip_Knopf" title="Philip Knopf">P. Knopf</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Henry_Thomas_Rainey" class="mw-redirect" title="Henry Thomas Rainey">H. Rainey</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_Allen_Sterling" class="mw-redirect" title="John Allen Sterling">J. Sterling</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Howard_M._Snapp" title="Howard M. Snapp">H. Snapp</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_Warfield_Wilson" title="William Warfield Wilson">W. Wilson</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/59th_United_States_Congress" title="59th United States Congress">59th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Illinois" title="List of United States senators from Illinois">Senate</a>:</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Shelby_Moore_Cullom" class="mw-redirect" title="Shelby Moore Cullom">S. Cullom</a> (R) <b>·</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Albert_J._Hopkins" title="Albert J. Hopkins">A. Hopkins</a> (R)</div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Illinois" title="List of United States representatives from Illinois">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Gurney_Cannon" title="Joseph Gurney Cannon">J. Cannon</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Robert_R._Hitt" title="Robert R. Hitt"><i>R. Hitt</i></a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/George_Washington_Smith_(congressman)" title="George Washington Smith (congressman)">G. Smith</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_F._Marsh" title="Benjamin F. Marsh">B. Marsh</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/George_Edmund_Foss" class="mw-redirect" title="George Edmund Foss">G. Foss</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Joseph_V._Graff" title="Joseph V. Graff">J. Graff</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/George_W._Prince" title="George W. Prince">G. Prince</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">J. Mann</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Henry_Sherman_Boutell" title="Henry Sherman Boutell">H. Boutell</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_Lorimer_(politician)" title="William Lorimer (politician)">W. Lorimer</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_A._Rodenberg" title="William A. Rodenberg">W. Rodenberg</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Charles_Eugene_Fuller" title="Charles Eugene Fuller">C. Fuller</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Philip_Knopf" title="Philip Knopf">P. Knopf</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Henry_Thomas_Rainey" class="mw-redirect" title="Henry Thomas Rainey">H. Rainey</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_Allen_Sterling" class="mw-redirect" title="John Allen Sterling">J. Sterling</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Howard_M._Snapp" title="Howard M. Snapp">H. Snapp</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_Warfield_Wilson" title="William Warfield Wilson">W. Wilson</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Pleasant_T._Chapman" title="Pleasant T. Chapman">P. Chapman</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Frank_S._Dickson" title="Frank S. Dickson">F. Dickson</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Martin_B._Madden" title="Martin B. Madden">M. Madden</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Charles_McGavin" title="Charles McGavin">C. McGavin</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_B._McKinley" title="William B. McKinley">W. McKinley</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Michalek" title="Anthony Michalek">A. Michalek</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Zeno_J._Rives" title="Zeno J. Rives">Z. Rives</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Charles_S._Wharton" title="Charles S. Wharton">C. Wharton</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/James_McKinney" title="James McKinney">J. McKinney</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Frank_Orren_Lowden" class="mw-redirect" title="Frank Orren Lowden"><i>F. Lowden</i></a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/60th_United_States_Congress" title="60th United States Congress">60th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Illinois" title="List of United States senators from Illinois">Senate</a>:</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Shelby_Moore_Cullom" class="mw-redirect" title="Shelby Moore Cullom">S. Cullom</a> (R) <b>·</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Albert_J._Hopkins" title="Albert J. Hopkins">A. Hopkins</a> (R)</div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Illinois" title="List of United States representatives from Illinois">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Gurney_Cannon" title="Joseph Gurney Cannon">J. Cannon</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/George_Washington_Smith_(congressman)" title="George Washington Smith (congressman)">G. Smith</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/George_Edmund_Foss" class="mw-redirect" title="George Edmund Foss">G. Foss</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Joseph_V._Graff" title="Joseph V. Graff">J. Graff</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/George_W._Prince" title="George W. Prince">G. Prince</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">J. Mann</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Henry_Sherman_Boutell" title="Henry Sherman Boutell">H. Boutell</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_Lorimer_(politician)" title="William Lorimer (politician)">W. Lorimer</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Ben_F._Caldwell" title="Ben F. Caldwell">B. Caldwell</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_A._Rodenberg" title="William A. Rodenberg">W. Rodenberg</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Charles_Eugene_Fuller" title="Charles Eugene Fuller">C. Fuller</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Philip_Knopf" title="Philip Knopf">P. Knopf</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Henry_Thomas_Rainey" class="mw-redirect" title="Henry Thomas Rainey">H. Rainey</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_Allen_Sterling" class="mw-redirect" title="John Allen Sterling">J. Sterling</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Howard_M._Snapp" title="Howard M. Snapp">H. Snapp</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_Warfield_Wilson" title="William Warfield Wilson">W. Wilson</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Pleasant_T._Chapman" title="Pleasant T. Chapman">P. Chapman</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Martin_B._Madden" title="Martin B. Madden">M. Madden</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Charles_McGavin" title="Charles McGavin">C. McGavin</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_B._McKinley" title="William B. McKinley">W. McKinley</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/James_McKinney" title="James McKinney">J. McKinney</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Frank_Orren_Lowden" class="mw-redirect" title="Frank Orren Lowden">F. Lowden</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Martin_D._Foster" title="Martin D. Foster">M. Foster</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/James_T._McDermott_(politician)" title="James T. McDermott (politician)">J. McDermott</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Adolph_J._Sabath" title="Adolph J. Sabath">A. Sabath</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Napoleon_B._Thistlewood" title="Napoleon B. Thistlewood">N. Thistlewood</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/61st_United_States_Congress" title="61st United States Congress">61st</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Illinois" title="List of United States senators from Illinois">Senate</a>:</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Shelby_Moore_Cullom" class="mw-redirect" title="Shelby Moore Cullom">S. Cullom</a> (R) <b>·</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_Lorimer_(politician)" title="William Lorimer (politician)">W. Lorimer</a> (R)</div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Illinois" title="List of United States representatives from Illinois">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Gurney_Cannon" title="Joseph Gurney Cannon">J. Cannon</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/George_Edmund_Foss" class="mw-redirect" title="George Edmund Foss">G. Foss</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Joseph_V._Graff" title="Joseph V. Graff">J. Graff</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/George_W._Prince" title="George W. Prince">G. Prince</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">J. Mann</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Henry_Sherman_Boutell" title="Henry Sherman Boutell">H. Boutell</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_A._Rodenberg" title="William A. Rodenberg">W. Rodenberg</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Charles_Eugene_Fuller" title="Charles Eugene Fuller">C. Fuller</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Henry_Thomas_Rainey" class="mw-redirect" title="Henry Thomas Rainey">H. Rainey</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_Allen_Sterling" class="mw-redirect" title="John Allen Sterling">J. Sterling</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Howard_M._Snapp" title="Howard M. Snapp">H. Snapp</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_Warfield_Wilson" title="William Warfield Wilson">W. Wilson</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Pleasant_T._Chapman" title="Pleasant T. Chapman">P. Chapman</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Martin_B._Madden" title="Martin B. Madden">M. Madden</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_B._McKinley" title="William B. McKinley">W. McKinley</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/James_McKinney" title="James McKinney">J. McKinney</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Frank_Orren_Lowden" class="mw-redirect" title="Frank Orren Lowden">F. Lowden</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Martin_D._Foster" title="Martin D. Foster">M. Foster</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/James_T._McDermott_(politician)" title="James T. McDermott (politician)">J. McDermott</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Adolph_J._Sabath" title="Adolph J. Sabath">A. Sabath</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Napoleon_B._Thistlewood" title="Napoleon B. Thistlewood">N. Thistlewood</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Gallagher_(Illinois_politician)" title="Thomas Gallagher (Illinois politician)">T. Gallagher</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/James_McMahon_Graham" class="mw-redirect" title="James McMahon Graham">J. Graham</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Lundin" title="Frederick Lundin">F. Lundin</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_Moxley" title="William Moxley">W. Moxley</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/62nd_United_States_Congress" title="62nd United States Congress">62nd</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Illinois" title="List of United States senators from Illinois">Senate</a>:</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Shelby_Moore_Cullom" class="mw-redirect" title="Shelby Moore Cullom">S. Cullom</a> (R) <b>·</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_Lorimer_(politician)" title="William Lorimer (politician)">W. Lorimer</a> (R)</div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Illinois" title="List of United States representatives from Illinois">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Gurney_Cannon" title="Joseph Gurney Cannon">J. Cannon</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/George_Edmund_Foss" class="mw-redirect" title="George Edmund Foss">G. Foss</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/George_W._Prince" title="George W. Prince">G. Prince</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">J. Mann</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_A._Rodenberg" title="William A. Rodenberg">W. Rodenberg</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Charles_Eugene_Fuller" title="Charles Eugene Fuller">C. Fuller</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Henry_Thomas_Rainey" class="mw-redirect" title="Henry Thomas Rainey">H. Rainey</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_Allen_Sterling" class="mw-redirect" title="John Allen Sterling">J. Sterling</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_Warfield_Wilson" title="William Warfield Wilson">W. Wilson</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Martin_B._Madden" title="Martin B. Madden">M. Madden</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_B._McKinley" title="William B. McKinley">W. McKinley</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/James_McKinney" title="James McKinney">J. McKinney</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Martin_D._Foster" title="Martin D. Foster">M. Foster</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/James_T._McDermott_(politician)" title="James T. McDermott (politician)">J. McDermott</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Adolph_J._Sabath" title="Adolph J. Sabath">A. Sabath</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Napoleon_B._Thistlewood" title="Napoleon B. Thistlewood">N. Thistlewood</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Gallagher_(Illinois_politician)" title="Thomas Gallagher (Illinois politician)">T. Gallagher</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/James_McMahon_Graham" class="mw-redirect" title="James McMahon Graham">J. Graham</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Frank_Buchanan_(Illinois_politician)" title="Frank Buchanan (Illinois politician)">F. Buchanan</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Ira_Clifton_Copley" class="mw-redirect" title="Ira Clifton Copley">I. Copley</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Lynden_Evans" title="Lynden Evans">L. Evans</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/H._Robert_Fowler" title="H. Robert Fowler">H. R. Fowler</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_C._McKenzie" title="John C. McKenzie">J. McKenzie</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Edmund_J._Stack" title="Edmund J. Stack">E. Stack</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Claude_U._Stone" title="Claude U. Stone">C. Stone</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/63rd_United_States_Congress" title="63rd United States Congress">63rd</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Illinois" title="List of United States senators from Illinois">Senate</a>:</b> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/J._Hamilton_Lewis" title="J. Hamilton Lewis">J. H. Lewis</a> (D) <b>·</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Y._Sherman" title="Lawrence Y. Sherman">L. Sherman</a> (R)</div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Illinois" title="List of United States representatives from Illinois">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">J. Mann</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Henry_Thomas_Rainey" class="mw-redirect" title="Henry Thomas Rainey">H. Rainey</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Martin_B._Madden" title="Martin B. Madden">M. Madden</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Martin_D._Foster" title="Martin D. Foster">M. Foster</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/James_T._McDermott_(politician)" title="James T. McDermott (politician)">J. McDermott</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Adolph_J._Sabath" title="Adolph J. Sabath">A. Sabath</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Gallagher_(Illinois_politician)" title="Thomas Gallagher (Illinois politician)">T. Gallagher</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/James_McMahon_Graham" class="mw-redirect" title="James McMahon Graham">J. Graham</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/James_McAndrews" title="James McAndrews">J. McAndrews</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Frank_Buchanan_(Illinois_politician)" title="Frank Buchanan (Illinois politician)">F. Buchanan</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Ira_Clifton_Copley" class="mw-redirect" title="Ira Clifton Copley">I. Copley</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/H._Robert_Fowler" title="H. Robert Fowler">H. R. Fowler</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_C._McKenzie" title="John C. McKenzie">J. McKenzie</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Claude_U._Stone" title="Claude U. Stone">C. Stone</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_E._Williams" title="William E. Williams">W. Williams</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_N._Baltz" title="William N. Baltz">W. Baltz</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Frederick_A._Britten" title="Frederick A. Britten">F. Britten</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Charles_M._Borchers" title="Charles M. Borchers">C. Borchers</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Louis_FitzHenry" title="Louis FitzHenry">L. FitzHenry</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/George_E._Gorman" title="George E. Gorman">G. Gorman</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Robert_P._Hill" title="Robert P. Hill">R. Hill</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#B63434;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_H._Hinebaugh" title="William H. Hinebaugh">W. Hinebaugh</a> (P)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Stephen_A._Hoxworth" title="Stephen A. Hoxworth">S. Hoxworth</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Frank_Trimble_O%27Hair" title="Frank Trimble O'Hair">F. O'Hair</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_B._Stringer" title="Lawrence B. Stringer">L. Stringer</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Clyde_Howard_Tavenner" class="mw-redirect" title="Clyde Howard Tavenner">C. Tavenner</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#B63434;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Charles_M._Thomson" title="Charles M. Thomson">C. Thomson</a> (P)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/64th_United_States_Congress" title="64th United States Congress">64th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Illinois" title="List of United States senators from Illinois">Senate</a>:</b> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/J._Hamilton_Lewis" title="J. Hamilton Lewis">J. H. Lewis</a> (D) <b>·</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Y._Sherman" title="Lawrence Y. Sherman">L. Sherman</a> (R)</div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Illinois" title="List of United States representatives from Illinois">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Gurney_Cannon" title="Joseph Gurney Cannon">J. Cannon</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">J. Mann</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/George_Edmund_Foss" class="mw-redirect" title="George Edmund Foss">G. Foss</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Henry_Thomas_Rainey" class="mw-redirect" title="Henry Thomas Rainey">H. Rainey</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_A._Rodenberg" title="William A. Rodenberg">W. Rodenberg</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Martin_B._Madden" title="Martin B. Madden">M. Madden</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Charles_Eugene_Fuller" title="Charles Eugene Fuller">C. Fuller</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_Allen_Sterling" class="mw-redirect" title="John Allen Sterling">J. Sterling</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_Warfield_Wilson" title="William Warfield Wilson">W. Wilson</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Martin_D._Foster" title="Martin D. Foster">M. Foster</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/James_T._McDermott_(politician)" title="James T. McDermott (politician)">J. McDermott</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Adolph_J._Sabath" title="Adolph J. Sabath">A. Sabath</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_B._McKinley" title="William B. McKinley">W. McKinley</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Gallagher_(Illinois_politician)" title="Thomas Gallagher (Illinois politician)">T. Gallagher</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/James_McAndrews" title="James McAndrews">J. McAndrews</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Frank_Buchanan_(Illinois_politician)" title="Frank Buchanan (Illinois politician)">F. Buchanan</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#B63434;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Ira_Clifton_Copley" class="mw-redirect" title="Ira Clifton Copley">I. Copley</a> (P)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_C._McKenzie" title="John C. McKenzie">J. McKenzie</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Claude_U._Stone" title="Claude U. Stone">C. Stone</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_E._Williams" title="William E. Williams">W. Williams</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Frederick_A._Britten" title="Frederick A. Britten">F. Britten</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Clyde_Howard_Tavenner" class="mw-redirect" title="Clyde Howard Tavenner">C. Tavenner</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Burnett_M._Chiperfield" title="Burnett M. Chiperfield">B. Chiperfield</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Edward_E._Denison" title="Edward E. Denison">E. Denison</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Edward_John_King" title="Edward John King">E. King</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Loren_E._Wheeler" title="Loren E. Wheeler">L. Wheeler</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Sutler_Williams" title="Thomas Sutler Williams">T. Williams</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/65th_United_States_Congress" title="65th United States Congress">65th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Illinois" title="List of United States senators from Illinois">Senate</a>:</b> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/J._Hamilton_Lewis" title="J. Hamilton Lewis">J. H. Lewis</a> (D) <b>·</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Y._Sherman" title="Lawrence Y. Sherman">L. Sherman</a> (R)</div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Illinois" title="List of United States representatives from Illinois">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Gurney_Cannon" title="Joseph Gurney Cannon">J. Cannon</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">J. Mann</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/George_Edmund_Foss" class="mw-redirect" title="George Edmund Foss">G. Foss</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Henry_Thomas_Rainey" class="mw-redirect" title="Henry Thomas Rainey">H. Rainey</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_A._Rodenberg" title="William A. Rodenberg">W. Rodenberg</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Martin_B._Madden" title="Martin B. Madden">M. Madden</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Charles_Eugene_Fuller" title="Charles Eugene Fuller">C. Fuller</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_Allen_Sterling" class="mw-redirect" title="John Allen Sterling">J. Sterling</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_Warfield_Wilson" title="William Warfield Wilson">W. Wilson</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Martin_D._Foster" title="Martin D. Foster">M. Foster</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Adolph_J._Sabath" title="Adolph J. Sabath">A. Sabath</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_B._McKinley" title="William B. McKinley">W. McKinley</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Gallagher_(Illinois_politician)" title="Thomas Gallagher (Illinois politician)">T. Gallagher</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/James_McAndrews" title="James McAndrews">J. McAndrews</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Ira_Clifton_Copley" class="mw-redirect" title="Ira Clifton Copley">I. Copley</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_C._McKenzie" title="John C. McKenzie">J. McKenzie</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Frederick_A._Britten" title="Frederick A. Britten">F. Britten</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_E._Mason_(American_politician)" title="William E. Mason (American politician)">W. Mason</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Edward_E._Denison" title="Edward E. Denison">E. Denison</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Edward_John_King" title="Edward John King">E. King</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Loren_E._Wheeler" title="Loren E. Wheeler">L. Wheeler</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Sutler_Williams" title="Thomas Sutler Williams">T. Williams</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_J._Graham" title="William J. Graham">W. Graham</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Clifford_C._Ireland" title="Clifford C. Ireland">C. Ireland</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Niels_Juul" title="Niels Juul">N. Juul</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Charles_Martin_(Illinois_politician)" title="Charles Martin (Illinois politician)"><i>C. Martin</i></a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Medill_McCormick" title="Medill McCormick">J. M. McCormick</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_W._Rainey" title="John W. Rainey"><i>J. Rainey</i></a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/66th_United_States_Congress" title="66th United States Congress">66th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Illinois" title="List of United States senators from Illinois">Senate</a>:</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Y._Sherman" title="Lawrence Y. Sherman">L. Sherman</a> (R) <b>·</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Medill_McCormick" title="Medill McCormick">M. McCormick</a> (R)</div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Illinois" title="List of United States representatives from Illinois">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Gurney_Cannon" title="Joseph Gurney Cannon">J. Cannon</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">J. Mann</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Henry_Thomas_Rainey" class="mw-redirect" title="Henry Thomas Rainey">H. Rainey</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_A._Rodenberg" title="William A. Rodenberg">W. Rodenberg</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Martin_B._Madden" title="Martin B. Madden">M. Madden</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Charles_Eugene_Fuller" title="Charles Eugene Fuller">C. Fuller</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_Warfield_Wilson" title="William Warfield Wilson">W. Wilson</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Adolph_J._Sabath" title="Adolph J. Sabath">A. Sabath</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_B._McKinley" title="William B. McKinley">W. McKinley</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Gallagher_(Illinois_politician)" title="Thomas Gallagher (Illinois politician)">T. Gallagher</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/James_McAndrews" title="James McAndrews">J. McAndrews</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Ira_Clifton_Copley" class="mw-redirect" title="Ira Clifton Copley">I. Copley</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_C._McKenzie" title="John C. McKenzie">J. McKenzie</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Frederick_A._Britten" title="Frederick A. Britten">F. Britten</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_E._Mason_(American_politician)" title="William E. Mason (American politician)">W. Mason</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Edward_E._Denison" title="Edward E. Denison">E. Denison</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Edward_John_King" title="Edward John King">E. King</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Loren_E._Wheeler" title="Loren E. Wheeler">L. Wheeler</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Sutler_Williams" title="Thomas Sutler Williams">T. Williams</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_J._Graham" title="William J. Graham">W. Graham</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Clifford_C._Ireland" title="Clifford C. Ireland">C. Ireland</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Niels_Juul" title="Niels Juul">N. Juul</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_W._Rainey" title="John W. Rainey">J. Rainey</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Edwin_B._Brooks" title="Edwin B. Brooks">E. Brooks</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Carl_R._Chindblom" title="Carl R. Chindblom">C. Chindblom</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Frank_L._Smith" title="Frank L. Smith">F. Smith</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Richard_Yates_Jr." title="Richard Yates Jr.">R. Yates Jr.</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/67th_United_States_Congress" title="67th United States Congress">67th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Illinois" title="List of United States senators from Illinois">Senate</a>:</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Medill_McCormick" title="Medill McCormick">M. McCormick</a> (R) <b>·</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_B._McKinley" title="William B. McKinley">W. McKinley</a> (R)</div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Illinois" title="List of United States representatives from Illinois">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Gurney_Cannon" title="Joseph Gurney Cannon">J. Cannon</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">J. Mann</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_A._Rodenberg" title="William A. Rodenberg">W. Rodenberg</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Martin_B._Madden" title="Martin B. Madden">M. Madden</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Charles_Eugene_Fuller" title="Charles Eugene Fuller">C. Fuller</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Adolph_J._Sabath" title="Adolph J. Sabath">A. Sabath</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Ira_Clifton_Copley" class="mw-redirect" title="Ira Clifton Copley">I. Copley</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_C._McKenzie" title="John C. McKenzie">J. McKenzie</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Frederick_A._Britten" title="Frederick A. Britten">F. Britten</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_E._Mason_(American_politician)" title="William E. Mason (American politician)"><i>W. Mason</i></a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Edward_E._Denison" title="Edward E. Denison">E. Denison</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Edward_John_King" title="Edward John King">E. King</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Loren_E._Wheeler" title="Loren E. Wheeler">L. Wheeler</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Sutler_Williams" title="Thomas Sutler Williams">T. Williams</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_J._Graham" title="William J. Graham">W. Graham</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Clifford_C._Ireland" title="Clifford C. Ireland">C. Ireland</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_W._Rainey" title="John W. Rainey">J. Rainey</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Edwin_B._Brooks" title="Edwin B. Brooks">E. Brooks</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Carl_R._Chindblom" title="Carl R. Chindblom">C. Chindblom</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Richard_Yates_Jr." title="Richard Yates Jr.">R. Yates Jr.</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Frank_H._Funk" title="Frank H. Funk">F. Funk</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_J._Gorman" title="John J. Gorman">J. Gorman</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Stanley_H._Kunz" title="Stanley H. Kunz">S. Kunz</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/M._Alfred_Michaelson" title="M. Alfred Michaelson">M. A. Michaelson</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Allen_F._Moore" title="Allen F. Moore">A. Moore</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Guy_L._Shaw" title="Guy L. Shaw">G. Shaw</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Elliott_W._Sproul" title="Elliott W. Sproul">E. Sproul</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Winnifred_Mason_Huck" title="Winnifred Mason Huck"><i>W. Mason Huck</i></a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4231664#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4231664#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4231664#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000032445769">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/8196972">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/286451/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJjd9ygRdQRrqfHhWgVt8C">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/119398893">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n91052438">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007314405605171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=M000104">US Congress</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/168629216">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6rj4h1b">SNAC</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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