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.infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Hiroo Kanamori</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="nickname" lang="ja">金森博雄</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Hiroo_Kanamori_by_Christopher_Michel_in_2022_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Hiroo_Kanamori_by_Christopher_Michel_in_2022_01.jpg/220px-Hiroo_Kanamori_by_Christopher_Michel_in_2022_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Hiroo_Kanamori_by_Christopher_Michel_in_2022_01.jpg/330px-Hiroo_Kanamori_by_Christopher_Michel_in_2022_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Hiroo_Kanamori_by_Christopher_Michel_in_2022_01.jpg/440px-Hiroo_Kanamori_by_Christopher_Michel_in_2022_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7969" data-file-height="10625" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday">1936-10-17</span>) </span>October 17, 1936<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age 88)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Alma mater</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Tokyo_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Tokyo University">Tokyo University</a> (M. S., 1961; Ph.D., 1964)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Known for</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Moment_magnitude_scale" title="Moment magnitude scale">Moment magnitude scale</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Awards</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Kyoto_Prize" title="Kyoto Prize">Kyoto Prize</a> (2007)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><b>Scientific career</b></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Fields</th><td class="infobox-data category">Geophysics</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Institutions</th><td class="infobox-data">Research Associate, Geophysics Institute, Tokyo University, 1962–65<br />Research Fellow, California Institute of Technology, 1965–66<br />Professor, Earthquake Research Institute, Tokyo University, 1966–72<br />Professor, California Institute of Technology, 1972-05</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Doctoral students</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Seth_Stein" title="Seth Stein">Seth Stein</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Hiroo Kanamori</b><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">金森博雄</span></span>, <span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn">Kanamori Hiroo</i></span>, born October 17, 1936)</span> is a Japanese-American <a href="/wiki/Seismologist" class="mw-redirect" title="Seismologist">seismologist</a> who has made fundamental contributions to understanding the <a href="/wiki/Physics" title="Physics">physics</a> of earthquakes and the <a href="/wiki/Tectonic" class="mw-redirect" title="Tectonic">tectonic</a> processes that cause them. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Career">Career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hiroo_Kanamori&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kanamori and American seismologist <a href="/wiki/Thomas_C._Hanks" title="Thomas C. Hanks">Thomas C. Hanks</a> developed the <a href="/wiki/Moment_magnitude_scale" title="Moment magnitude scale">moment magnitude scale</a> which replaced the <a href="/wiki/Richter_scale" title="Richter scale">Richter scale</a> as a measurement of the relative strength of earthquakes.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Kanamori invented the method for calculating slip distribution on the <a href="/wiki/Geologic_fault" class="mw-redirect" title="Geologic fault">fault</a> plane by teleseismic waveform with <a href="/wiki/Masayuki_Kikuchi" title="Masayuki Kikuchi">Masayuki Kikuchi</a>. In addition, they studied realtime seismology.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2007 he was awarded the <a href="/wiki/Kyoto_Prize" title="Kyoto Prize">Kyoto Prize</a> in Basic Sciences.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Kanamori developed a new method of earthquake early warning detection by rapid analysis of the P-wave by a robust network. The algorithm is currently being tested with the <a href="/wiki/Southern_California_Seismic_Network" title="Southern California Seismic Network">Southern California Seismic Network</a> "ShakeAlert" Earthquake Early Warning (EEW) system, and is one of three algorithms that is used by the system.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Honours">Honours</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hiroo_Kanamori&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Honours"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>1993 <a href="/wiki/Arthur_L._Day_Prize_and_Lectureship" title="Arthur L. Day Prize and Lectureship">Arthur L. Day Prize and Lectureship</a></li> <li>1994 <a href="/wiki/Asahi_Prize" title="Asahi Prize">Asahi Prize</a></li> <li>1996 <a href="/wiki/Walter_H._Bucher_Medal" title="Walter H. Bucher Medal">Walter H. Bucher Medal</a></li> <li>2004 <a href="/wiki/Japan_Academy_Prize_(academics)" title="Japan Academy Prize (academics)">Japan Academy Prize</a></li> <li>2006 <a href="/wiki/Person_of_Cultural_Merit" title="Person of Cultural Merit">Person of Cultural Merit</a></li> <li>2007 <a href="/wiki/Kyoto_Prize" title="Kyoto Prize">Kyoto Prize</a></li> <li>2014 <a href="/wiki/William_Bowie_Medal" title="William Bowie Medal">William Bowie Medal</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Selected_publications">Selected publications</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hiroo_Kanamori&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Selected publications"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFKanamori,_H.1977" class="citation journal cs1">Kanamori, H. (1977). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100723182215/http://www.gps.caltech.edu/uploads/File/People/kanamori/HKjgr77.pdf">"The energy release in great earthquakes"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>J. Geophys. Res</i>. <b>82</b> (20): 2981–2987. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1977JGR....82.2981K">1977JGR....82.2981K</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1029%2FJB082i020p02981">10.1029/JB082i020p02981</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gps.caltech.edu/uploads/File/People/kanamori/HKjgr77.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2010-07-23<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-11-17</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+Geophys.+Res.&rft.atitle=The+energy+release+in+great+earthquakes&rft.volume=82&rft.issue=20&rft.pages=2981-2987&rft.date=1977&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1029%2FJB082i020p02981&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1977JGR....82.2981K&rft.au=Kanamori%2C+H.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gps.caltech.edu%2Fuploads%2FFile%2FPeople%2Fkanamori%2FHKjgr77.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHiroo+Kanamori" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFS._UyedaH._Kanamori1979" class="citation journal cs1">S. Uyeda; H. Kanamori (1979). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110614090326/http://www.gps.caltech.edu/uploads/File/People/kanamori/HKjgr79e.pdf">"Back-arc opening and the mode of subduction"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Journal of Geophysical Research</i>. <b>84</b> (B3): 1049–1061. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1979JGR....84.1049U">1979JGR....84.1049U</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1029%2FJB084iB03p01049">10.1029/JB084iB03p01049</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gps.caltech.edu/uploads/File/People/kanamori/HKjgr79e.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2011-06-14.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=Back-arc+opening+and+the+mode+of+subduction&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=B3&rft.pages=1049-1061&rft.date=1979&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1029%2FJB084iB03p01049&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1979JGR....84.1049U&rft.au=S.+Uyeda&rft.au=H.+Kanamori&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gps.caltech.edu%2Fuploads%2FFile%2FPeople%2Fkanamori%2FHKjgr79e.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHiroo+Kanamori" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHanksKanamori1979" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_C._Hanks" title="Thomas C. Hanks">Hanks, Thomas C.</a>; Kanamori, Hiroo (May 1979). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100821063413/http://www.gps.caltech.edu/uploads/File/People/kanamori/HKjgr79d.pdf">"Moment magnitude scale"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Journal of Geophysical Research</i>. <b>84</b> (B5): 2348–2350. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1979JGR....84.2348H">1979JGR....84.2348H</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1029%2FJB084iB05p02348">10.1029/JB084iB05p02348</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gps.caltech.edu/uploads/File/People/kanamori/HKjgr79d.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2010-08-21<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-11-17</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=Moment+magnitude+scale&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=B5&rft.pages=2348-2350&rft.date=1979-05&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1029%2FJB084iB05p02348&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1979JGR....84.2348H&rft.aulast=Hanks&rft.aufirst=Thomas+C.&rft.au=Kanamori%2C+Hiroo&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gps.caltech.edu%2Fuploads%2FFile%2FPeople%2Fkanamori%2FHKjgr79d.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHiroo+Kanamori" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFL._RuffH._Kanamori1980" class="citation journal cs1">L. Ruff; H. Kanamori (1980). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100723153448/http://www.gps.caltech.edu/uploads/File/People/kanamori/HKpepi80b.pdf">"Seismicity and the subduction process"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Phys. Earth Planet. Inter</i>. <b>23</b> (3): 240–252. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1980PEPI...23..240R">1980PEPI...23..240R</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2F0031-9201%2880%2990117-X">10.1016/0031-9201(80)90117-X</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gps.caltech.edu/uploads/File/People/kanamori/HKpepi80b.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2010-07-23.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Phys.+Earth+Planet.+Inter.&rft.atitle=Seismicity+and+the+subduction+process&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=240-252&rft.date=1980&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2F0031-9201%2880%2990117-X&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1980PEPI...23..240R&rft.au=L.+Ruff&rft.au=H.+Kanamori&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gps.caltech.edu%2Fuploads%2FFile%2FPeople%2Fkanamori%2FHKpepi80b.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHiroo+Kanamori" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKikuchi,_M.Kanamori,_H.1982" class="citation journal cs1">Kikuchi, M.; Kanamori, H. (1982). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100723160123/http://www.gps.caltech.edu/uploads/File/People/kanamori/HKbssa82e.pdf">"Inversion of complex body waves"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am</i>. <b>72</b>: 491–506. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gps.caltech.edu/uploads/File/People/kanamori/HKbssa82e.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2010-07-23.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bull.+Seismol.+Soc.+Am.&rft.atitle=Inversion+of+complex+body+waves&rft.volume=72&rft.pages=491-506&rft.date=1982&rft.au=Kikuchi%2C+M.&rft.au=Kanamori%2C+H.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gps.caltech.edu%2Fuploads%2FFile%2FPeople%2Fkanamori%2FHKbssa82e.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHiroo+Kanamori" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVassiliouKanamori1982" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Marius_Vassiliou" title="Marius Vassiliou">Vassiliou, Marius</a>; Kanamori, Hiroo (1982). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100723152531/http://www.gps.caltech.edu/uploads/File/People/kanamori/HKbssa82f.pdf">"The Energy Release in Earthquakes"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am</i>. <b>72</b>: 371–387. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gps.caltech.edu/uploads/File/People/kanamori/HKbssa82f.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2010-07-23.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bull.+Seismol.+Soc.+Am.&rft.atitle=The+Energy+Release+in+Earthquakes&rft.volume=72&rft.pages=371-387&rft.date=1982&rft.aulast=Vassiliou&rft.aufirst=Marius&rft.au=Kanamori%2C+Hiroo&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gps.caltech.edu%2Fuploads%2FFile%2FPeople%2Fkanamori%2FHKbssa82f.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHiroo+Kanamori" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKanamoriHaukssonHeaton1997" class="citation journal cs1">Kanamori, H.; Hauksson, E.; <a href="/wiki/Thomas_H._Heaton" title="Thomas H. Heaton">Heaton, T.</a> (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110614090412/http://www.gps.caltech.edu/uploads/File/People/kanamori/HKnat97.pdf">"Real-time seismology and earthquake hazard mitigation"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Nature</i>. <b>390</b> (6659): 461–464. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1997Natur.390..461K">1997Natur.390..461K</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2F37280">10.1038/37280</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:4412616">4412616</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gps.caltech.edu/uploads/File/People/kanamori/HKnat97.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2011-06-14.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.atitle=Real-time+seismology+and+earthquake+hazard+mitigation&rft.volume=390&rft.issue=6659&rft.pages=461-464&rft.date=1997&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A4412616%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2F37280&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1997Natur.390..461K&rft.aulast=Kanamori&rft.aufirst=H.&rft.au=Hauksson%2C+E.&rft.au=Heaton%2C+T.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gps.caltech.edu%2Fuploads%2FFile%2FPeople%2Fkanamori%2FHKnat97.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHiroo+Kanamori" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAllen,_R.M.H._Kanamori2001" class="citation journal cs1">Allen, R.M.; H. Kanamori (2001). "Rapid determination of event source parameters in southern California for earthquake early warning". <i>AGU 2001 Fall Meeting</i>. <b>2001</b>: S11B–0556. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2001AGUFM.S11B0556A">2001AGUFM.S11B0556A</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=AGU+2001+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Rapid+determination+of+event+source+parameters+in+southern+California+for+earthquake+early+warning&rft.volume=2001&rft.pages=S11B-0556&rft.date=2001&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2001AGUFM.S11B0556A&rft.au=Allen%2C+R.M.&rft.au=H.+Kanamori&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHiroo+Kanamori" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAllenKanamori2003" class="citation journal cs1">Allen RM, Kanamori H (2 May 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100604011354/http://www.gps.caltech.edu/uploads/File/People/kanamori/HKsci03.pdf">"The potential for earthquake early warning in southern California"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Science</i>. <b>300</b> (5620): 786–9. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2003Sci...300..786A">2003Sci...300..786A</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.1080912">10.1126/science.1080912</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12730599">12730599</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:10922234">10922234</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gps.caltech.edu/uploads/File/People/kanamori/HKsci03.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 4 June 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science&rft.atitle=The+potential+for+earthquake+early+warning+in+southern+California&rft.volume=300&rft.issue=5620&rft.pages=786-9&rft.date=2003-05-02&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1126%2Fscience.1080912&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A10922234%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F12730599&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2003Sci...300..786A&rft.aulast=Allen&rft.aufirst=RM&rft.au=Kanamori%2C+H&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gps.caltech.edu%2Fuploads%2FFile%2FPeople%2Fkanamori%2FHKsci03.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHiroo+Kanamori" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZolloAmorosoLancieriWu2010" class="citation journal cs1">Zollo A, Amoroso O, Lancieri M, Wu Y, Kanamori H (24 July 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1365-246X.2010.04765.x">"A threshold-based earthquake early warning using dense accelerometer networks"</a>. <i>Geophysical Journal International</i>. <b>183</b> (2): 963–974. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2010GeoJI.183..963Z">2010GeoJI.183..963Z</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1365-246X.2010.04765.x">10.1111/j.1365-246X.2010.04765.x</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Journal+International&rft.atitle=A+threshold-based+earthquake+early+warning+using+dense+accelerometer+networks&rft.volume=183&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=963-974&rft.date=2010-07-24&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1365-246X.2010.04765.x&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2010GeoJI.183..963Z&rft.aulast=Zollo&rft.aufirst=A&rft.au=Amoroso%2C+O&rft.au=Lancieri%2C+M&rft.au=Wu%2C+Y&rft.au=Kanamori%2C+H&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1365-246X.2010.04765.x&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHiroo+Kanamori" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hiroo_Kanamori&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_geophysicists" title="List of geophysicists">List of geophysicists</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hiroo_Kanamori&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kanamori, H., (1977)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Vassiliou, M., and Kanamori, H. (1982)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Utsu, T., 2001, The Seismology 3rd edition: Kyoritsu, p.138</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kikuchi, M., and Kanamori, H. (1982)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Allen RM, Kanamori H. (2003)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Allen, R.M. and H. Kanamori (2001)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAllen2004" class="citation book cs1">Allen, Richard (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190701055411/http://eps.berkeley.edu/~rallen/pub/2004elarms/AllenSeismicRisk2004.pdf">"Rapid magnitude determination for earthquake early warning"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. In G. Manfredi; M.R. Pecce; A. Zollo (eds.). <i>The Many Facets of Seismic Risk</i>. Proceedings of the "Workshop on Multidisciplinary Approach to Seismic Risk Problems", hold in Sant'Angelo dei Lombardi, September 22, 2003. pp. 15–24. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://eps.berkeley.edu/~rallen/pub/2004elarms/AllenSeismicRisk2004.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on July 1, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 18,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Rapid+magnitude+determination+for+earthquake+early+warning&rft.btitle=The+Many+Facets+of+Seismic+Risk&rft.series=Proceedings+of+the+%22Workshop+on+Multidisciplinary+Approach+to+Seismic+Risk+Problems%22%2C+hold+in+Sant%27Angelo+dei+Lombardi%2C+September+22%2C+2003&rft.pages=15-24&rft.date=2004&rft.aulast=Allen&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Feps.berkeley.edu%2F~rallen%2Fpub%2F2004elarms%2FAllenSeismicRisk2004.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHiroo+Kanamori" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gps.caltech.edu/feature_articles/show/18">Hiroo Kanamori, Kyoto Laureate</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091013015601/http://www.gps.caltech.edu/feature_articles/show/18">Archived</a> 2009-10-13 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110708215105/http://www.gps.caltech.edu/uploads/File/People/kanamori/Zollo_et_al_EEW_GJI.pdf">"Archived copy"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gps.caltech.edu/uploads/File/People/kanamori/Zollo_et_al_EEW_GJI.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2011-07-08<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-12-07</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Archived+copy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gps.caltech.edu%2Fuploads%2FFile%2FPeople%2Fkanamori%2FZollo_et_al_EEW_GJI.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHiroo+Kanamori" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_archived_copy_as_title" title="Category:CS1 maint: archived copy as title">link</a>)</span></span> </li> </ol></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKanamori" class="citation web cs1">Kanamori, Hiroo. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120417170554/http://www.gps.caltech.edu/people/kanamori/profile">"Profile"</a>. Caltech. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gps.caltech.edu/people/kanamori/profile">the original</a> on 2012-04-17<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-11-17</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Profile&rft.pub=Caltech&rft.aulast=Kanamori&rft.aufirst=Hiroo&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gps.caltech.edu%2Fpeople%2Fkanamori%2Fprofile&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHiroo+Kanamori" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output 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class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000081707892">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/101998704">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/118182/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJg4pwD4JTVVbpJPgDryVC">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/1089466609">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n83178563">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12415201f">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12415201f">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00212255">Japan</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an36220303">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Kanamori, Hiroo"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=xx0242197&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p069719055">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a 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