CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head>  <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-P63WKM1TM1"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-P63WKM1TM1'); </script>  <script type="text/javascript" > (function(m,e,t,r,i,k,a){m[i]=m[i]||function(){(m[i].a=m[i].a||[]).push(arguments)}; m[i].l=1*new Date(); for (var j = 0; j < document.scripts.length; j++) {if (document.scripts[j].src === r) { return; }} k=e.createElement(t),a=e.getElementsByTagName(t)[0],k.async=1,k.src=r,a.parentNode.insertBefore(k,a)}) (window, document, "script", "https://mc.yandex.ru/metrika/tag.js", "ym"); ym(55165297, "init", { clickmap:false, trackLinks:true, accurateTrackBounce:true, webvisor:false }); </script> <noscript><div><img src="https://mc.yandex.ru/watch/55165297" style="position:absolute; left:-9999px;" alt="" /></div></noscript>    <title>Search results for: anti leshimaniasis</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: anti leshimaniasis"> <meta name="keywords" content="anti leshimaniasis"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarMenu" aria-controls="navbarMenu" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"> <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span> </button> <div class="w-100"> <div class="d-none d-lg-flex flex-row-reverse"> <form method="get" action="https://waset.org/search" class="form-inline my-2 my-lg-0"> <input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="search" placeholder="Search Conferences" value="anti leshimaniasis" name="q" aria-label="Search"> <button class="btn btn-light my-2 my-sm-0" type="submit"><i class="fas fa-search"></i></button> </form> </div> <div class="collapse navbar-collapse mt-1" id="navbarMenu"> <ul class="navbar-nav ml-auto align-items-center" id="mainNavMenu"> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/conferences" title="Conferences in 2024/2025/2026">Conferences</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/disciplines" title="Disciplines">Disciplines</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/committees" rel="nofollow">Committees</a> </li> <li class="nav-item dropdown"> <a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="#" id="navbarDropdownPublications" role="button" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"> Publications </a> <div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="navbarDropdownPublications"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a> </div> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/page/support" title="Support">Support</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> <main> <div class="container mt-4"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-9 mx-auto"> <form method="get" action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="anti leshimaniasis"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 2176</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: anti leshimaniasis</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2176</span> Hematological Profiles of Visceral Leishmaniasis Patients before and after Treatment of Anti-Leishmanial Drugs at University of Gondar Leishmania Research and Treatment Center Northwest, Ethiopia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fitsumbrhan%20Tajebe">Fitsumbrhan Tajebe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fadil%20Murad"> Fadil Murad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mitikie%20%20Tigabie"> Mitikie Tigabie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mareye%20Abebaw"> Mareye Abebaw</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tadele%20Alemu"> Tadele Alemu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sefanit%20Abate"> Sefanit Abate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rezika%20Mohammedw"> Rezika Mohammedw</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arega%20Yeshanew"> Arega Yeshanew</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elias%20Shiferaw"> Elias Shiferaw</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Visceral leshimaniasis is a parasitic disease characterized by a systemic infection of phagocytic cells. Hematological parameters of these patients may be affected by the progress of the disease or treatment. Thus, the current study aimed to assess the hematological profiles of visceral leishmaniasis patients before and after treatment. Method: An institutional based retrospective cohort study was conducted among visceral leishmaniasis patients at University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Referral Hospital Leishmaniasis Research and Treatment Center from 2013 to 2018. Hematological profiles before initiation and after completion of treatment were extracted from registration book. Descriptive statics was presented using frequency and percentage. Paired t-test and Wilcoxon Signed rank test were used for comparing mean difference for normally and non- normally distributed data, respectively. Spearman and Pearson correlation analysis was used to describe the correlation of hematological parameters with different variables. P value < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Result: Except absolute nerutrophil count, post treatment hematological parameters show a significant increment compared to pretreatment one. The prevalence of anemia, leucopenia and thrombocytopenia was 85.5%, 83.4% and 75.8% prior to treatment and it was 58.3%, 38.2% and 19.2% after treatment, respectively. Moreover, parasite load of the disease showed statistically significant negative correlation with hematological profiles mainly with white blood cell and red blood cell. Conclusion: Majority of hematological profiles of patients with active VL have been restored after treatment, which might be associated with treatment effect on parasite proliferation and concentration of parasite in visceral organ, which directly affect hematological profiles. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=visceral%20leshimaniasis" title="visceral leshimaniasis">visceral leshimaniasis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hematological%20profile" title=" hematological profile"> hematological profile</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti-leshimanial%20drug" title=" anti-leshimanial drug"> anti-leshimanial drug</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gondar" title=" Gondar"> Gondar</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/122906/hematological-profiles-of-visceral-leishmaniasis-patients-before-and-after-treatment-of-anti-leishmanial-drugs-at-university-of-gondar-leishmania-research-and-treatment-center-northwest-ethiopia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/122906.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">128</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2175</span> Methanolic Extract of the Exudates of Aloe Otallensis and Its Effect on Leishmania Donovani Parasite</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zerihun%20Tesfaye%20Nigusse">Zerihun Tesfaye Nigusse</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objective: This study evaluates the antileishmanial activity of the methanolic extract of Aloe otallensis (A. otallensis) on the promastigote stage of Leishmaniadonovani (L. donovani) as compared to standard drugs and to screen its phytochemical constituents. Methods: Phytochemical screening was done by using the method mentioned by Evans and Trease on methanolic extract of the exudates of Aloe otallensis leaves. The extract was also evaluated for in vitro antileishmanial activity against L. donavani, which is found in the Parasitology Unit of Black Lion Hospital. The result was compared to standard drugs of sodium stibogluconate, milfostin and paramomycin. Results: The extract has good antileishmanial activity with an IC50 of 0.123 0 μg/mL on L. donovani (AM 563). The experimental data showed that relatively, it had better activity than paramomycin and milfostin but less activity than sodium stibogluconate. The data analyses were done by GraphPad Prism version 5 software after it was read by an ELISA reader at the wavelength of 650 nm. The phytochemical screening of the exudates of A. otallensis showed the presence of phenol, alkaloid and saponin. Conclusions: The methanol extract of the exudates of A.otallensishas a good anti- leishmaniasis activity and this may be attributed to phenol, alkaloid and saponin present in the plant. But it needs further analysis for the conformation of which constituent presents in high concentration to know which one has the strongest effect. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti%20leshimaniasis" title="anti leshimaniasis">anti leshimaniasis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aloe%20otallensis" title=" aloe otallensis"> aloe otallensis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leshimania%20ethiopica" title=" leshimania ethiopica"> leshimania ethiopica</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IC50" title=" IC50"> IC50</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188744/methanolic-extract-of-the-exudates-of-aloe-otallensis-and-its-effect-on-leishmania-donovani-parasite" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188744.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">40</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2174</span> Anti-Oxidant and Anti-Bacterial Properties of Camellia sinensis, Tea Plant</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rini%20Jarial">Rini Jarial</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Puranjan%20Mishra"> Puranjan Mishra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lakhveer%20Singh"> Lakhveer Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sveta%20Thakur"> Sveta Thakur</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20W.%20Zularisam"> A. W. Zularisam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mimi%20Sakinah"> Mimi Sakinah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of the present study was to assess the biological properties of Camellia sinensis and to identify its functional compounds. The methanolic leaves-extract (MLE) of commercial green tea (Camellia sinensis) was assessed for anti-bacterial activities by measuring inhibition zones against a panel of pathogenic bacterial strains using agar diffusion method. The flavonoid (5.0 to 8.0 mg/ml) and protein content (10 to 15 mg/ml) of the MLE were recorded. MLE at a concentration of 25 μg/ml showed marked anti-bacterial activity against all bacterial strains (11-30 mm zone of inhibition) and was maximum against Staphylococcus aureus (30 mm). The MLE of Camellia sinensis had the best MIC values of 2.25 and 0.56 mg/ml against S. aureus and Enterobacter sp., respectively. The MLE also possessed good anti-lipolytic activity (65%) against a Porcine pancreatic lipase (PPL) and cholesterol oxidase inhibition (79%). The present study provided strong experimental evidences that the MLE of Camellia sinensis is not only a potent source of natural anti-oxidants and anti-bacterial activity but also possesses efficient cholesterol degradation and anti-lipolytic activities that might be beneficial in the body weight management. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti-oxidant" title="anti-oxidant">anti-oxidant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti-bacterial%20activity" title=" anti-bacterial activity"> anti-bacterial activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti-lipolytic%20activity" title=" anti-lipolytic activity"> anti-lipolytic activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Camellia%20sinensis" title=" Camellia sinensis"> Camellia sinensis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phyto-chemicals" title=" phyto-chemicals"> phyto-chemicals</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46770/anti-oxidant-and-anti-bacterial-properties-of-camellia-sinensis-tea-plant" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46770.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">291</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2173</span> Anti-Phosphorylcholine T Cell Dependent Antibody</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20M.%20Rahman">M. M. Rahman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Liu"> A. Liu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Frostegard"> A. Frostegard</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Frostegard"> J. Frostegard</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The human immune system plays an essential role in cardiovascular disease (CVD) and atherosclerosis. Our earlier studies showed that major immunocompetent cells including T cells are activated by phosphorylcholine epitope. Further, we have determined for the first time in a clinical cohort that antibodies against phosphorylcholine (anti-PC) are negatively and independently associated with the development of atherosclerosis and thus a low risk of cardiovascular diseases. It is still unknown whether activated T cells play a role in anti-PC production. Here we aim to clarify the role of T cells in anti-PC production. B cell alone, or with CD3 T, CD4 T or with CD8 T cells were cultured in polystyrene plates to examine anti-PC IgM production. In addition to mixed B cell with CD3 T cell culture, B cells with CD3 T cells were also cultured in transwell co-culture plates. Further, B cells alone and mixed B cell with CD3 T cell cultures with or without anti-HLA 2 antibody were cultured for 6 days. Anti-PC IgM was detected by ELISA in independent experiments. More than 8 fold higher levels of anti-PC IgM were detected by ELISA in mixed B cell with CD3 T cell cultures in comparison to B cells alone. After the co-culture of B and CD3 T cells in transwell plates, there were no increased antibody levels indicating that B and T cells need to interact to augment anti-PC IgM production. Furthermore, anti-PC IgM was abolished by anti-HLA 2 blocking antibody in mixed B and CD3 T cells culture. In addition, the lack of increased anti-PC IgM in mixed B with CD8 T cells culture and the increased levels of anti-PC in mixed B with CD4 T cells culture support the role of helper T cell for the anti-PC IgM production. Atherosclerosis is a major cause of cardiovascular diseases, but anti-PC IgM is a protection marker for atherosclerosis development. Understanding the mechanism involved in the anti-PC IgM regulation could play an important role in strategies to raise anti-PC IgM. Studies suggest that anti-PC is T-cell independent antibody, but our study shows the major role of T cell in anti-PC IgM production. Activation of helper T cells by immunization could be a possible mechanism for raising anti-PC levels. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti-PC" title="anti-PC">anti-PC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=atherosclerosis" title=" atherosclerosis"> atherosclerosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aardiovascular%20diseases" title=" aardiovascular diseases"> aardiovascular diseases</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phosphorylcholine" title=" phosphorylcholine"> phosphorylcholine</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33407/anti-phosphorylcholine-t-cell-dependent-antibody" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33407.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">341</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2172</span> Ethical Aspects of the Anti-Doping System Management in Poland and in Global Framework</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Malgorzata%20Kurleto">Malgorzata Kurleto</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study is trying to analyse the organization of the anti-doping system globally (particularly in Poland). The analysis is going to show the concept of doping, indicating the types of doping, and list of banned substances and methods. The paper discusses ethical aspects of the global anti-doping system. The analysis is focusing on organization of global Anti-Doping Agency. The paper will try to describe the basic assumptions of regulations adopted by WADA, called "standards” as well organization and functioning of the Polish Anti-Doping Agency (including the legal basis: POLADA). The base for this discuss will be the Polish 2018 annual report, which shows the most important assumptions, implementation and the number of anti-doping proceedings conducted in Poland. The aim of this paper is to show ethical arguments on anti-doping management strategies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti-doping" title="anti-doping">anti-doping</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethical%20dilemmas" title=" ethical dilemmas"> ethical dilemmas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sports%20doping" title=" sports doping"> sports doping</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=WADA" title=" WADA"> WADA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=POLADA" title=" POLADA"> POLADA</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/119230/ethical-aspects-of-the-anti-doping-system-management-in-poland-and-in-global-framework" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/119230.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">130</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2171</span> Anti-Language in Jordanian Spoken Arabic: A Sociolinguistic Perspective</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmad%20Mohammad%20Al-Harahsheh">Ahmad Mohammad Al-Harahsheh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Anti-language reflects anti-society; it is a restricted spoken code used among a group of interlocutors because of anti-society. This study aims to shed light on the sociolinguistic characteristics of anti-language used by prisoners in Jordan. The participants included were 15 male-Jordanian prisoners who have recently been released. The data were written, transliterated, and analyzed on the basis of sociolinguistics and discourse analysis. This study draws on sociolinguistic theory of language codes as the theoretical framework. The study concludes that anti-language is a male language and is used for secrecy, as the prisoners' tendency to protect themselves from the police; it is a verbal competition, contest and display. In addition, it is employed to express obnoxious ideas and acts by using more pleasant or blurred words and expressions. Also, the anti-language used by prisoners has six linguistic characteristics in JSA (Jordanian Spoken Arabic), such as relexicalization, neologism, rhyme formation, semantic change, derivation, and metaphorical expressions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti-language" title="anti-language">anti-language</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jordanian%20Spoken%20Arabic" title=" Jordanian Spoken Arabic"> Jordanian Spoken Arabic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sociolinguistics" title=" sociolinguistics"> sociolinguistics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prisoners" title=" prisoners"> prisoners</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50307/anti-language-in-jordanian-spoken-arabic-a-sociolinguistic-perspective" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50307.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">366</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2170</span> An MrPPG Method for Face Anti-Spoofing</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lan%20Zhang">Lan Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cailing%20Zhang"> Cailing Zhang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In recent years, many face anti-spoofing algorithms have high detection accuracy when detecting 2D face anti-spoofing or 3D mask face anti-spoofing alone in the field of face anti-spoofing, but their detection performance is greatly reduced in multidimensional and cross-datasets tests. The rPPG method used for face anti-spoofing uses the unique vital information of real face to judge real faces and face anti-spoofing, so rPPG method has strong stability compared with other methods, but its detection rate of 2D face anti-spoofing needs to be improved. Therefore, in this paper, we improve an rPPG(Remote Photoplethysmography) method(MrPPG) for face anti-spoofing which through color space fusion, using the correlation of pulse signals between real face regions and background regions, and introducing the cyclic neural network (LSTM) method to improve accuracy in 2D face anti-spoofing. Meanwhile, the MrPPG also has high accuracy and good stability in face anti-spoofing of multi-dimensional and cross-data datasets. The improved method was validated on Replay-Attack, CASIA-FASD, Siw and HKBU_MARs_V2 datasets, the experimental results show that the performance and stability of the improved algorithm proposed in this paper is superior to many advanced algorithms. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=face%20anti-spoofing" title="face anti-spoofing">face anti-spoofing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=face%20presentation%20attack%20detection" title=" face presentation attack detection"> face presentation attack detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=remote%20photoplethysmography" title=" remote photoplethysmography"> remote photoplethysmography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MrPPG" title=" MrPPG"> MrPPG</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144563/an-mrppg-method-for-face-anti-spoofing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144563.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">178</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2169</span> Microbial Metabolites with Ability of Anti-Free Radicals</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yu%20Pu">Yu Pu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chien-Ping%20Hsiao"> Chien-Ping Hsiao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chien-Chang%20Huang"> Chien-Chang Huang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chieh-Lun%20Cheng"> Chieh-Lun Cheng</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Free radicals can accelerate aging on human skin by causing lipid oxidation, protein denaturation, and even DNA mutation. Substances with the ability of anti-free radicals can be used as functional components in cosmetic products. Research are attracted to develop new anti-free radical components for cosmetic application. This study was aimed to evaluate the microbial metabolites on free radical scavenging ability. Two microorganisms, PU-01 and PU-02, were isolated from soil of hot spring environment and grew in LB agar at 50°C for 24 h. The suspension was collected by centrifugation at 4800 g for 3 min, The anti-free radical activity was determined by DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) scavenging assay. The result showed that the growth medium of PU-01 presented a higher DPPH scavenging effect than that of PU-02. This study presented potential anti-free radical components from microbial metabolites that might be applied in anti-aging cosmetics. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti-ageing" title="anti-ageing">anti-ageing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti-free%20radical" title=" anti-free radical"> anti-free radical</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biotechnology" title=" biotechnology"> biotechnology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microorganism" title=" microorganism"> microorganism</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/122637/microbial-metabolites-with-ability-of-anti-free-radicals" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/122637.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">164</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2168</span> Investigation of Medicinal Applications of Maclura Pomifera Extract</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahdi%20Asghari%20Ozma">Mahdi Asghari Ozma</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background and Objective:Maclurapomifera (Rafin.) Schneider, known as osage orange, is a north american native plant which has multiple applications in herbal medicine. The extract of this plant has many therapeutic effects, including antimicrobial, anti-tumor, anti-inflammation, etc., that discussed in this study. Materials and Methods: For this study, the keywords "Maclurapomifera", "osage orange, ""herbal medicine ", and "plant extract" in the databases PubMed and Google Scholar between 2002 and 2021 were searched, and 20 articles were chosen, studied and analyzed. Results: Due to the increased resistance of microbes to antibiotics, the need for antimicrobial plants is increasing. Maclurapomifera is one of the plants with antimicrobial properties that can affect all microbes, especially Gram-negative bacteria, and fungi. This plant also has anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-aging, antiviral, anti-fungal, anti-ulcerogenic, anti-diabetic, and anti-nociceptive effects, which can be used as a substance with many amazing therapeutic applications. Conclusion: These results suggest that the extract of Maclurapomifera can be used in clinical medicine as a remedial agent, which can be substituted for chemical drugs or help them in the treatment of diseases. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maclura%20pomifera" title="maclura pomifera">maclura pomifera</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=osage%20orange" title=" osage orange"> osage orange</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=herbal%20medicine" title=" herbal medicine"> herbal medicine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plant%20extract" title=" plant extract"> plant extract</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143938/investigation-of-medicinal-applications-of-maclura-pomifera-extract" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143938.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">242</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2167</span> Anti-TNF: Possibilities of Rising Anti-Phosphorylcholine Antibodies</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Md.%20Mizanur%20Rahman">Md. Mizanur Rahman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anquan%20Liu"> Anquan Liu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anna%20Frosteg%C3%A5rd"> Anna Frostegård</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Johan%20Frosteg%C3%A5rd"> Johan Frostegård</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The role of the human immune system is essential in cardiovascular diseases and atherosclerosis. Activated cells in atherosclerosis produce abundant amounts of cytokines, but the exact mechanisms involved in the effects of these inflammatory cytokines are not clear in atherosclerosis. In a large clinical cohort, we have previously determined that antibodies against phosphorylcholine (anti-PC) are negatively and independently associated with both development of atherosclerosis and also a low risk of cardiovascular disease. Further, we reported that rheumatoid arthritis patients who were non-responders to TNF-inhibitors, where those with low anti-PC levels. Upon anti-TNF treatment, anti-PC levels increased. We, therefore, hypothesised that proinflammatory cytokines such as TNF could play a role in anti-PC regulation. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were cultured with or without TNF and anti-TNF. The cell supernatants were collected after six days for ELISA measurements. In separate experiments, cells were cultured for 24 hours in both polystyrene plates and ELISPOT plates under a similar condition for ELISA and ELISPOT assays respectively. Total RNA was extracted after 6 hours of cell culture to perform RT-qPCR. Cell viability was confirmed by trypan blue staining and MTT assays. ELISA measurements detected less than 40% of anti-PC in TNF-treated cells, in comparison to control cells, whereas anti-PC production was recovered by anti-TNF treatment. ELISPOT assays showed that TNF suppresses anti-PC production by inhibiting anti-PC producing B-cells. In addition, RT-qPCR and ELISA showed that TNF also has effects also on B-cell activation as BAFF expression was inhibited by TNF treatment. Atherosclerosis is a major cause of cardiovascular diseases, but anti-PC is a protection marker for atherosclerosis development. Our findings show that TNF is a negative regulator of anti-PC production. Immune modulation and rising of anti-PC could be of major significance for the patients. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti-PC" title="anti-PC">anti-PC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anti-TNF" title=" Anti-TNF"> Anti-TNF</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=atherosclerosis" title=" atherosclerosis"> atherosclerosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cardiovascular%20diseases" title=" cardiovascular diseases"> cardiovascular diseases</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phosphorylecholine" title=" phosphorylecholine"> phosphorylecholine</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44750/anti-tnf-possibilities-of-rising-anti-phosphorylcholine-antibodies" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44750.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">244</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2166</span> Investigating Anti-bacterial and Anti-Covid-19 Virus Properties and Mode of Action of Mg(Oh)₂ and Copper-Infused Mg(Oh)₂ Nanoparticles on Coated Polypropylene Surfaces</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saleh%20Alkarri">Saleh Alkarri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Melinda%20Frame"> Melinda Frame</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dimple%20Sharma"> Dimple Sharma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=John%20Cairney"> John Cairney</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lee%20Maddan"> Lee Maddan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jin%20H.%20Kim"> Jin H. Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jonathan%20O.%20Rayner"> Jonathan O. Rayner</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Teresa%20M.%20Bergholz"> Teresa M. Bergholz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Rabnawaz"> Muhammad Rabnawaz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Reported herein is an investigation of anti-bacterial and anti-virus properties, mode of action of Mg(OH)₂ and copper-infused Mg(OH)₂ nanoplatelets (NPs) on melt-compounded and thermally embossed polypropylene (PP) surfaces. The anti-viral activity for the NPs was studied in aqueous liquid suspensions against SARS-CoV-2, and the mode of action was investigated on neat NPs and PP samples that were thermally embossed with NPs. Anti-bacterial studies for melt-compounded NPs in PP confirmed approximately 1 log reduction of E. coli populations in 24 h, while for thermally embossed NPs, an 8 log reduction of E. coli populations was observed. In addition, the NPs exhibit anti-viral activity against SARS-CoV-2. Fluorescence microscopy revealed that reactive oxygen species (ROS) is the main mode of action through which Mg(OH)₂ and Cu-Infused Mg(OH)₂act against microbes. Plastics with anti-microbial surfaces from where biocides are non-leachable are highly desirable. This work provides a general fabrication strategy for developing anti-microbial plastic surfaces. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti-microbial%20activity" title="anti-microbial activity">anti-microbial activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20coli%20K-12%20MG1655" title=" E. coli K-12 MG1655"> E. coli K-12 MG1655</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti-viral%20activity" title=" anti-viral activity"> anti-viral activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SARS-CoV-2" title=" SARS-CoV-2"> SARS-CoV-2</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=copper-infused%20magnesium%20hydroxide" title=" copper-infused magnesium hydroxide"> copper-infused magnesium hydroxide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-leachable" title=" non-leachable"> non-leachable</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ROS" title=" ROS"> ROS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compounding" title=" compounding"> compounding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surface%20embossing" title=" surface embossing"> surface embossing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dyes" title=" dyes"> dyes</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168967/investigating-anti-bacterial-and-anti-covid-19-virus-properties-and-mode-of-action-of-mgoh2-and-copper-infused-mgoh2-nanoparticles-on-coated-polypropylene-surfaces" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168967.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">66</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2165</span> Synthesis, Characterization, Validation of Resistant Microbial Strains and Anti Microbrial Activity of Substitted Pyrazoles </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rama%20Devi%20Kyatham">Rama Devi Kyatham</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Ashok"> D. Ashok</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20S.%20K.%20Rao%20Patnaik"> K. S. K. Rao Patnaik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raju%20Bathula"> Raju Bathula</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We have shown the importance of pyrazoles as anti-microbial chemical entities. These compounds have generally been considered significant due to their wide range of pharmacological acivities and their discovery motivates new avenues of research.The proposed pyrazoles were synthesized and evaluated for their anti-microbial activities. The Synthesized compounds were analyzed by different spectroscopic methods. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pyrazoles" title="pyrazoles">pyrazoles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=validation" title=" validation"> validation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resistant%20microbial%20strains" title=" resistant microbial strains"> resistant microbial strains</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti-microbial%20activities" title=" anti-microbial activities"> anti-microbial activities</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/123881/synthesis-characterization-validation-of-resistant-microbial-strains-and-anti-microbrial-activity-of-substitted-pyrazoles" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/123881.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">172</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2164</span> Rose geranium Essential Oil as a Source of New and Safe Anti-Inflammatory Drugs</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20A.%20Ferhat">M. A. Ferhat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20N.%20Boukhatem"> M. N. Boukhatem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Chemat"> F. Chemat</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Since the available anti-inflammatory drugs exert an extensive variety of side effects, the search for new anti-inflammatory agents has been a priority of pharmaceutical industries. The aim of the present study was to assess the anti-inflammatory activities of the essential oil of rose geranium (RGEO). The chemical composition of the RGEO was investigated by gas chromatography. The major components were citronellol (29.13%), geraniol (12.62%), and citronellyl formate (8.06%). In the carrageenan induced paw edema, five different groups were established and RGEO was administered orally in three different doses. RGEO (100 mg/kg) was able to significantly reduce the paw edema with a comparable effect to that observed with diclofenac, the positive control. In addition, RGEO showed a potent anti-inflammatory activity by topical treatment in the method of croton oil-induced ear edema. When the dose was 5 or 10 ml of RGEO per ear, the inflammation was reduced by 73 and 88%, respectively. This is the first report to demonstrate a significant anti-inflammatory activity of Algerian RGEO. In addition, histological analysis confirmed that RGEO inhibited the inflammatory responses in the skin. Our results indicate that RGEO may have significant potential for the development of novel anti-inflammatory drugs with improved safety profile. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti-inflammatory%20effect" title="anti-inflammatory effect">anti-inflammatory effect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carrageenan" title=" carrageenan"> carrageenan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=citronellol" title=" citronellol"> citronellol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=histopathology" title=" histopathology"> histopathology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rose%20geranium" title=" Rose geranium"> Rose geranium</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41605/rose-geranium-essential-oil-as-a-source-of-new-and-safe-anti-inflammatory-drugs" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41605.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">341</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2163</span> Transfer of Business Anti-Corruption Norms in Developing Countries: A Case Study of Vietnam</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Candice%20Lemaitre">Candice Lemaitre</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> During the 1990s, an alliance of international intergovernmental and non-governmental organizations proposed a set of regulatory norms designed to reduce corruption. Many governments in developing countries, such as Vietnam, enacted these global anti-corruption norms into their domestic law. This article draws on empirical research to understand why these anti-corruption norms have failed to reduce corruption in Vietnam and many other developing countries. Rather than investigating state compliance with global anti-corruption provisions, a topic that has already attracted considerable attention, this article aims to explore the comparatively under-researched area of business compliance. Based on data collected from semi-structured interviews with business managers in Vietnam and archival research, this article examines how businesses in Vietnam interpret and comply with global anti-corruption norms. It investigates why different types of companies in Vietnam engage with and respond to these norms in different ways. This article suggests that global anti-corruption norms have not been effective in reducing corruption in Vietnam because there is fragmentation in the way companies in Vietnam interpret and respond to these norms. This fragmentation results from differences in the epistemic (or interpretive) communities that companies draw upon to interpret global anti-corruption norms. This article uses discourse analysis to understand how the communities interpret global anti-corruption norms. This investigation aims to generate some predictive insights into how companies are likely to respond to anti-corruption regimes based on global anti-corruption norms. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti-corruption" title="anti-corruption">anti-corruption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=business%20law" title=" business law"> business law</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=legal%20transfer" title=" legal transfer"> legal transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vietnam" title=" Vietnam"> Vietnam</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/97780/transfer-of-business-anti-corruption-norms-in-developing-countries-a-case-study-of-vietnam" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/97780.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">158</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2162</span> Delivery of Doxorubicin to Glioblastoma Multiforme Using Solid Lipid Nanoparticles with Surface Aprotinin and Melanotransferrin Antibody for Enhanced Chemotherapy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yung-Chih%20Kuo">Yung-Chih Kuo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I-Hsuan%20Lee"> I-Hsuan Lee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) conjugated with aprotinin (Apr) and melanotransferrin antibody (Anti-MTf) were used to carry doxorubicin (Dox) across the blood–brain barrier (BBB) for glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) chemotherapy. Dox-entrapped SLNs with grafted Apr and Anti-MTf (Apr-Anti-MTf-Dox-SLNs) were applied to a cultured monolayer comprising human brain-microvascular endothelial cells (HBMECs) with regulation of human astrocyte (HAs) and to a proliferated colony of U87MG cells. Based on the average particle diameter, zeta potential, entrapping efficiency of Dox, and grafting efficiency of Apr and Anti-MTf, we found that 40% (w/w) 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine in lipids were appropriate for fabricating Apr-Anti-MTf-Dox-SLNs. In addition, Apr-Anti-MTf-Dox-SLNs could prevent Dox from fast dissolution and did not induce a serious cytotoxicity to HBMECs and HAs when compared with free Dox. Moreover, the treatments with Apr-Anti-MTf-Dox-SLNs enhanced the ability of Dox to infuse the BBB and to inhibit the growth of GBM. The current Apr-Anti-MTf-Dox-SLNs can be a promising pharmacotherapeutic preparation to penetrate the BBB for malignant brain tumor treatment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solid%20lipid%20nanoparticle" title="solid lipid nanoparticle">solid lipid nanoparticle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glioblastoma%20multiforme" title=" glioblastoma multiforme"> glioblastoma multiforme</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blood%E2%80%93brain%20barrier" title=" blood–brain barrier"> blood–brain barrier</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=doxorubicin" title=" doxorubicin"> doxorubicin</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38612/delivery-of-doxorubicin-to-glioblastoma-multiforme-using-solid-lipid-nanoparticles-with-surface-aprotinin-and-melanotransferrin-antibody-for-enhanced-chemotherapy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38612.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">362</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2161</span> Pharmacological Activities and Potential Uses of Cyperus Rotundus: A Review</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arslan%20Masood%20Pirzada">Arslan Masood Pirzada</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Naeem"> Muhammad Naeem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hafiz%20Haider%20Ali"> Hafiz Haider Ali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Latif"> Muhammad Latif</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aown%20Sammar%20Raza"> Aown Sammar Raza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asad%20Hussain%20Bukhari"> Asad Hussain Bukhari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Saqib"> Muhammad Saqib</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Ijaz"> Muhammad Ijaz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cyperus rotundus (Cyperaceae), a medicinal herb, is being traditionally used as a home remedy for the treatment of various clinical conditions like diarrhea, diabetic, pyretic, inflammation, malaria, and for treating stomach and bowel disorders. Its current status is one of the most widespread, troublesome, and economically damaging agronomic weeds, growing wildly in various tropical and sub-tropical regions of the world. Tuber and rhizomes of Cyperus rotundus possess a higher concentration of active ingredients in the form of essential oils, phenolic acids, ascorbic acids and flavonoids, responsible for its remedial properties. Exploitation of any medicinal plant application depends on the crucial and comprehensive information about the therapeutic potential of a plant. Researchers have evaluated and characterized the significance of Cyperus rotundus as an anti-androgenic, anti-bacterial, anti-cancerous, anti-convulsant, anti-diabetic, anti-diarrheal, anti-genotoxic, anti-inflammatory, anti-lipidemic, anti-malarial, anti-mutagenic, anti-obesity, anti-oxidant, anti-uropathogenic, hepato-, cardio-, neuroprotective, and nootropic agent. This paper comprises a broad review to summarize the current state of knowledge about chemical constituents, potential economic uses and therapeutic aspects of Cyperus rotundus that will aid in the development of bioethanol and modern herbal medicine through latest technologies that will promote the ability of this plant in the cure of many clinical disorders. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=purple%20nutsedge" title="purple nutsedge">purple nutsedge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemical%20composition" title=" chemical composition"> chemical composition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economic%20uses" title=" economic uses"> economic uses</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=therapeutic%20values" title=" therapeutic values"> therapeutic values</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=future%20directions" title=" future directions"> future directions</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23922/pharmacological-activities-and-potential-uses-of-cyperus-rotundus-a-review" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23922.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">513</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2160</span> Anti-Melanogenesis and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Opuntia humifusa</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yonghwa%20Lee">Yonghwa Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yoon%20Suk%20Kim"> Yoon Suk Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yongsub%20Yi"> Yongsub Yi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study was to confirm the effects of anti-melanogenesis and anti-inflammatory effects from Opuntia humifusa fruit and stem extracts. A potent anti-oxidant activity was shown from the leaf extract at IC50 value of 38.33±1.07 μg/mL and fruit extract at IC50 value of 40.23±2.21 μg/mL by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. Also, phenolic contents were confirmed total phenolic assay by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Fraction of taxifolin from leaf extract was identified using HPLC and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. The extracts of Opuntia humifusa fruit and stem were confirmed about toxicity effect in B16 F1 by cell viability. Melanin contents were decreased. Opuntia humifusa fruit and stem extracts had a positive effect of melanin synthesis inhibition for skin whitening. In investigating the anti-inflammatory activities of Opuntia humifusa, the results of cell viability indicated that taxifolin did not show cytotoxicity on RAW264.7 cells at 500 μM of concentration. The results show that taxifolin inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced production of Nitrite oxide (NO). In addition, taxifolin indicated the inhibition of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced tumor necrosis factor (TNF) -α and interleukin (IL) -6 productions by cytokine assay and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 expression by western blot analysis, meaning that taxifolin had a significant anti-inflammatory effect. Our results suggested that taxifolin from Opuntia humifusa has anti-melanogenesis and anti-inflammatory activities. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti-melanogenesis" title="anti-melanogenesis">anti-melanogenesis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti-inflammatory" title=" anti-inflammatory"> anti-inflammatory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Opuntia%20humifusa" title=" Opuntia humifusa"> Opuntia humifusa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=taxifolin" title=" taxifolin"> taxifolin</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58040/anti-melanogenesis-and-anti-inflammatory-effects-of-opuntia-humifusa" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58040.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">313</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2159</span> Evaluation of Anti-Inflammatory Activities in Wild Herb Urginea wightii</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20K.%20Hemalata">S. K. Hemalata</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20N.%20Shiva%20Kameshwari"> M. N. Shiva Kameshwari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present work focusses on anti-inflammatory action of Urginea wightii in-vitro. Urginea wightii is a member of Hyacinthaceae and considered to be wonder plant because of its varied important medicinal properties. The plant is endemic to India, Africa, and Mediterranian regions. Presence of alkaloids, flavonoid-glycosides especially flavonone derivatives are responsible for the strong anti-inflammatory activity of Urginea wightii. In present research work, anti-inflammatory activity of methanol extract of the bulb powder was tested on Male Wistar Rats. In these test animals, inflammation was induced by injecting carrageenan as the irritant to induce paw edema in Wistar rats. Inflammation of Paw edema was treated with both plant extract and Pyrox gel a known synthetic anti-inflammatory drug through external application. The result indicated that anti-inflammatory activity of Urginea wightii extract was almost similar to the synthetic Pyrox gel. This disproves the modern world's scepticism towards the herbal medicines and encourages to rely on natural plant extracts. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti-inflammatory%20activity" title="anti-inflammatory activity">anti-inflammatory activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flavonoid-glycosides" title=" flavonoid-glycosides"> flavonoid-glycosides</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pyrox%20gel" title=" Pyrox gel"> Pyrox gel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Urginia%20wightii" title=" Urginia wightii"> Urginia wightii</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76175/evaluation-of-anti-inflammatory-activities-in-wild-herb-urginea-wightii" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76175.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">169</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2158</span> Anti-Corruption in Adverse Contexts: A Strategic Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mushtaq%20H.%20Khan">Mushtaq H. Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Antonio%20Andreoni"> Antonio Andreoni</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pallavi%20Roy"> Pallavi Roy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Developing countries are characterized by political settlements where formal rules are generally weakly enforced and widely violated. Conventional anti-corruption strategies that focus on improving the general enforcement of a rule of law and raising the costs of corruption facing individual public officials have typically delivered poor results in these contexts. Our alternative approach is to identify anti-corruption strategies that have a high impact and that are feasible to implement in these contexts. Our alternative approach identifies anti-corruption strategies from the bottom up. This involves identifying the characteristics of the corruption constraining particular development outcomes. By drawing on theories of rents and rent seeking, and theories of political settlements, we can assess the developmental impact of particular anti-corruption strategies and the feasibility of implementing these strategies. We argue that feasible anti-corruption in these contexts cannot be solely based on conventional anti-corruption strategies. In societies that have widespread rule violations, high-impact anti-corruption is only likely to be feasible if the overall strategy succeeds in aligning the interests and capabilities of powerful organizations at the sectoral level to support the enforcement of particular sets of rules. We examine four related strategies for changing these incentives and capabilities of critical stakeholders at the local or sectoral level, and we argue that this can provide a framework for organizing research on the impact and feasibility of anti-corruption activities in different priority areas in particular countries. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti-corruption" title="anti-corruption">anti-corruption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=development" title=" development"> development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=political%20settlements%20analysis" title=" political settlements analysis"> political settlements analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rule%20of%20law" title=" rule of law"> rule of law</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83011/anti-corruption-in-adverse-contexts-a-strategic-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83011.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">419</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2157</span> Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Topical Anthocyanins by Complexation and Niosomal Encapsulation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aroonsri%20Priprem">Aroonsri Priprem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sucharat%20Limsitthichaikoon"> Sucharat Limsitthichaikoon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Suttasinee%20Thappasarapong"> Suttasinee Thappasarapong</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Anthocyanins are natural pigments with effective UV protection but their topical use could be limited due to their physicochemical characteristics. An attempt to overcome such limitations by complexation of 2 major anthocyanin-rich sources, C. ternatea, and Z. mays, for investigation on potential use as topical anti-inflammatory. Cell studies indicate no cytotoxicity of the anthocyanin complex (AC) up to 1 mg/ml tested in HaCaT and human forehead fibroblasts by MTT. Croton oil-induced ear edema in Wistar rats suggests an effective dose of 5 mg/cm2 of AC as a topical anti-inflammatory in comparison to 0.5 mg/cm2 of fluocinolone acetonide. Niosomal encapsulation of the AC significantly prolonged the anti-inflammatory activity particularly at 8 h after topical application (p = 0.0001). The AC was not cytotoxic and its anti-inflammatory and activity was dose-dependent and prolonged by niosomal encapsulation. It has also shown to promote collagen type 1 production in cell culture. Thus, AC could be a potential candidate for topical anti-inflammatory agent from natural resources. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anthocyanin%20complex" title="anthocyanin complex">anthocyanin complex</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ear%20edema" title=" ear edema"> ear edema</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inflammation" title=" inflammation"> inflammation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=niosomes" title=" niosomes"> niosomes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=skin" title=" skin"> skin</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22941/anti-inflammatory-activity-of-topical-anthocyanins-by-complexation-and-niosomal-encapsulation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22941.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">328</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2156</span> Synthesis and Structural Characterization of 6-Nitroindazole Derivatives</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20El%20Moctar%20Abeidi">Mohamed El Moctar Abeidi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The indazole derivatives exhibit a wide spectrum of biological activities. They are known for their anti-tumor, antiplatelet, anti-viral, anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, anti-leishmania and even anti-spermatogen. As part of our research on the synthesis of a number of heterocycles capable of exhibiting a biological and pharmacological property, due to our ongoing interest in the development of a simple and low-cost procedure for obtaining heterocyclic compounds that may have an interest for medicinal purposes. We present in this work the synthesis of 6-nitro-indazoles derivatives, using two different methods. the first method is the alkylation of Nitroindazole by two different alkylating agents under the conditions of solid/liquid phase transfer catalysis in N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF) in the presence of potassium carbonate (K₂CO₃) as a base, and tetra-n-butylammonium bromide (BTBA) as a catalyst. While the other method is the 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition, in this case, we have undertaken the preparation of bi-heterocyclic containing the 6-nitroindazole associate with group of isoxazoline, isoxazole or 1,2,3-Triazole under normal conditions and, under the catalytic conditions of the click chemistry we were also able to determine the structures without any ambiguity by the ¹H and ¹³C NMR. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=indazole" title="indazole">indazole</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=6-nitroindazole" title=" 6-nitroindazole"> 6-nitroindazole</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=isoxazole" title=" isoxazole"> isoxazole</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=1" title=" 1"> 1</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=2" title="2">2</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3-Triazole" title="3-Triazole">3-Triazole</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/98087/synthesis-and-structural-characterization-of-6-nitroindazole-derivatives" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/98087.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">149</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2155</span> Use of Anti-Stick to Reduce Bitterness in Ultra Filtrated Chees-es(Single Packaged)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Khorram">B. Khorram</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Taslikh"> M. Taslikh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Sattarzadeh"> R. Sattarzadeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Ghazanfari"> M. Ghazanfari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Bitterness is one of the most important problems in cheese processing industry all over the world. There are several reasons that bitterness may develop in cheese. With a few exceptions bitterness is generally associated with proteolysis. In this investigation, anti-stick as a neutral substance in proteolysis were considered and studied for reducing the problem. This vast survey was conducted in a big cheese production factory (in Neyshabur) and in the same procedure anti-stick as interested factor in cheeses packaging compared to standard cheeses production, one line productions (65200 packs with anti-stick were tested by 2953 persons for bitterness and another line was included the same procedure with standard cheese. In this investigate: 83% of standard packaging cheeses, compared with only28% of consumers cheese with anti-stick which confirmed bitterness. Although bitterness is generally associated with proteolysis and Microbial factors, Somatic cell, Starters play important role in generating bitterness in ultra filtrated cheeses, but based on the results the other factors such as anti-stick in packaging can be effective methods for reducing and removing unfavorable bitterness in cheese production. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bitterness" title="bitterness">bitterness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=uf%20cheese" title=" uf cheese"> uf cheese</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti-stick" title=" anti-stick"> anti-stick</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=single%20packaged" title=" single packaged"> single packaged</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29098/use-of-anti-stick-to-reduce-bitterness-in-ultra-filtrated-chees-essingle-packaged" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29098.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">472</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2154</span> Ambiguity in Anti-conversion Laws in the Indian States – A Limitation to the Freedom of Religion Guaranteed under the Constitution of India</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Roy%20Alex">Roy Alex</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dr.%20Shampa%20I%20Dev"> Dr. Shampa I Dev</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Abstract Nine out of twenty-eight states in India have enacted anti-conversion laws to regulate religious conversions by use of force, allurement, inducement, or fraudulent means. The vagueness of the definitions of the terms used in these laws makes them inconsistent with the provisions of the right to freedom of religion guaranteed by the Constitution. It is a critical question whether these laws protect the religious freedom of groups that are “vulnerable” to missionary inducements, or are they restricting the freedom of citizens to propagate their religion to others or change their religious identity? This article looks into the constitutionality of the anti-conversion laws passed in the Indian States and argues that these laws limit the freedom of religion guaranteed under Article 25 of the Constitution of India. The ambiguity in the anti-conversion laws passed in various states of India is brought out by critically analyzing multiple cases charged under anti-conversion laws. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Freedom%20of%20Religion" title="Freedom of Religion">Freedom of Religion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anti-conversion%20Laws" title=" Anti-conversion Laws"> Anti-conversion Laws</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=allurement" title=" allurement"> allurement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inducement" title=" inducement"> inducement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=and%20fraudulent%20means." title=" and fraudulent means."> and fraudulent means.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154609/ambiguity-in-anti-conversion-laws-in-the-indian-states-a-limitation-to-the-freedom-of-religion-guaranteed-under-the-constitution-of-india" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154609.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">106</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2153</span> Evaluation of the Benefit of Anti-Endomysial IgA and Anti-Tissue Transglutaminase IgA Antibodies for the Diagnosis of Coeliac Disease in a University Hospital, 2010-2016</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Recep%20Ke%C5%9Fli">Recep Keşli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Onur%20T%C3%BCrky%C4%B1lmaz"> Onur Türkyılmaz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hayriye%20Tokay"> Hayriye Tokay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kas%C4%B1m%20Demir"> Kasım Demir</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objective: Coeliac disease (CD) is a primary small intestine disorder caused by high sensitivity to gluten which is present in the crops, characterized by inflammation in the small intestine mucosa. The goal of this study was to determine and to compare the sensitivity and specificity values of anti-endomysial IgA (EMA IgA) (IFA) and anti-tissue transglutaminase IgA (anti-tTG IgA) (ELISA) antibodies in the diagnosis of patients suspected with the CD. Methods: One thousand two hundred seventy three patients, who have applied to gastroenterology and pediatric disease polyclinics of Afyon Kocatepe University ANS Research and Practice Hospital were included into the study between 23.09.2010 and 30.05.2016. Sera samples were investigated by immunofluorescence method for EMA positiveness (Euroimmun, Luebeck, Germany). In order to determine quantitative value of Anti-tTG IgA (EIA) (Orgentec Mainz, Germany) fully automated ELISA device (Alisei, Seac, Firenze, Italy) were used. Results: Out of 1273 patients, 160 were diagnosed with coeliac disease according to ESPGHAN 2012 diagnosis criteria. Out of 160 CD patients, 120 were female, 40 were male. The EMA specificity and sensitivity were calculated as 98% and 80% respectively. Specificity and sensitivity of Anti-tTG IgA were determined as 99% and 96% respectively. Conclusion: The specificity of EMA for CD was excellent because all EMA-positive patients (n = 144) were diagnosed with CD. The presence of human anti-tTG IgA was found as a reliable marker for diagnosis and follow-up the CD. Diagnosis of CD should be established on both the clinical and serologic profiles together. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti-endomysial%20antibody" title="anti-endomysial antibody">anti-endomysial antibody</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti-tTG%20IgA" title=" anti-tTG IgA"> anti-tTG IgA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coeliac%20disease" title=" coeliac disease"> coeliac disease</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=immunofluorescence%20assay%20%28IFA%29" title=" immunofluorescence assay (IFA)"> immunofluorescence assay (IFA)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71750/evaluation-of-the-benefit-of-anti-endomysial-iga-and-anti-tissue-transglutaminase-iga-antibodies-for-the-diagnosis-of-coeliac-disease-in-a-university-hospital-2010-2016" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71750.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">254</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2152</span> Anti-Diarrheal Activity of Extracts Kedondong Leaf in Mice Balb/C Strain Males in Vivo</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Johanrik">Johanrik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arini%20Apriliani"> Arini Apriliani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fikri%20Haikal"> Fikri Haikal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dias%20Yuca"> Dias Yuca</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Abdul%20Latif"> Muhammad Abdul Latif</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Edijanti%20Goenarwo"> Edijanti Goenarwo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nurita%20Pratama%20Sari"> Nurita Pratama Sari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Diarrhea is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in many countries, as well as responsible for the deaths of millions of people each year. Previous research showed that the leaves, bark, and root bark of kedondong contains saponins, tannins, and flavonoids. Tannins have anti-diarrheal effects that work as the freeze of protein/astringent, and may inhibit the secretion of chloride over the tannate bonding between protein in the intestines. Chemical compounds of flavonoids also have an effect as anti-diarrheal block receptors Cl ˉ in intestinal thus reducing the secretion of Cl ˉ to the intestinal lume .This research aims to know the anti-diarrheal activity of extracts kedondong leaf in mice Balb/C strain males in vivo. This research also proves kedondong leaves as an anti-diarrhea through trial efficacy of kedondong leaves as antisekretori and antimotilitas. This research using post-test only controlled group design. Analysis of statistical data normality and homogenity were tested by Kolmogorov Smirnov. If the data obtained homogenous then using ANOVA test. This research using ethanolic extracts kedondong leaf 200, 400 and 800 mg/kgBW to prove there is anti-diarrhea it makes into six treatment groups, for anti-secretory it makes into five treatment groups and anti-motility became five treatment groups. The result showed dose of ethanolic extracts kedondong leaf 800 mg/kgBW have significant value (p<0.005). The conclusion from this extracts kedondong leaf research 800 mg/kgBW have pharmacological effects as antidiarrhea on Balb/C strain male mice with a mechanism of action as anti-secretory and anti-motility. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti-diarrhea" title="anti-diarrhea">anti-diarrhea</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti-secretory" title=" anti-secretory"> anti-secretory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti-motility" title=" anti-motility"> anti-motility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kedondong%20leaf" title=" kedondong leaf"> kedondong leaf</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32601/anti-diarrheal-activity-of-extracts-kedondong-leaf-in-mice-balbc-strain-males-in-vivo" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32601.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">508</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2151</span> In vitro Anti-Gonococcal, Anti-Inflammatory and HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase Activities of the Herbal Mixture</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20E.%20Tshikalange">T. E. Tshikalange</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20C.%20Mophuting"> B. C. Mophuting</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Traditional medicine often consists of complex ingredients prepared from a mixture of plant species. These herbal mixtures are used in the treatment of various ailments such as sexually transmitted diseases including HIV. The present study was carried out to determine the biological activities of the herbal mixture used traditionally in the treatment of sexually transmitted diseases. This herbal mixture consists of four plant species from families Asteraceae, Bignoniaceae, Fabaceae, and Myrtaceae. Five crude extracts (hexane, dichloromethane, methanol, water and boiled) of the herbal mixture were investigated for anti-gonococcal, anti-inflammatory, and reverse transcriptase activities. The anti-inflammatory activity of the plant extracts was determined by measuring the extract inhibitory effect on the pro-inflammatory enzyme lipoxygenase. The extracts were also tested for anti-HIV activity against recombinant HIV-1 enzyme using non-radioactive HIV-RT colorimetric assay. The boiled extract exhibited good anti-inflammatory activity with an IC₅₀ of 87 µg/ml compared to that of the positive control quercetin (IC₅₀= 92 µg/ml). All the other extracts showed little or no activity. Hexane extract was the only extract that showed reverse transcriptase extract inhibitory effect with an IC₅₀ of 74 µg/ml. Anti-gonococcal and cytotoxicity investigations are underway. The preliminary results support the use of herbal mixture by traditional healers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sexually%20transmitted%20diseases" title="sexually transmitted diseases">sexually transmitted diseases</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lipoxygenase" title=" lipoxygenase"> lipoxygenase</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti-inflammatory" title=" anti-inflammatory"> anti-inflammatory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=herbal%20mixture" title=" herbal mixture "> herbal mixture </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73380/in-vitro-anti-gonococcal-anti-inflammatory-and-hiv-1-reverse-transcriptase-activities-of-the-herbal-mixture" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73380.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">281</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2150</span> Fatty Acid Extracts of Sea Pen (Virgularia gustaviana) and Their Potential Applications as Antibacterial, Antifungal, and Anti-Inflammatory Agents</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sharareh%20Sharifi">Sharareh Sharifi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, the crude extracts of <em>Virgularia gustavina</em> were examined as antibacterial, antifungal and anti-inflammatory agent. To assess inflammation, Xylene was applied to the ear of mice. The mice of the experimental group were fed with doses of 10 mg/kg, 20 mg/kg, and 40 mg/kg of lipid extract of chloroform and hexane as a separate group and then statistical analysis was performed on the results. Chloroform and hexane extracts of sea pen have strong anti-inflammatory effects even at low doses which is probably due to 54% arachidonic acid. Antibacterial and antifungal effects of hexane and chloroform extracts were measured with MIC and MBC methods and it is shown that chloroform extract has best activity against <em>Staphylococcus</em> <em>aureus </em>on 125 µg/ml doze in MIC method. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sea%20pen%20%28virgularia%20gustaviana%29" title="sea pen (virgularia gustaviana)">sea pen (virgularia gustaviana)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lipid%20extract" title=" lipid extract"> lipid extract</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti-inflammatory%20and%20anti-bacterial%20activities" title=" anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial activities"> anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial activities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fatty%20acid" title=" fatty acid"> fatty acid</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37966/fatty-acid-extracts-of-sea-pen-virgularia-gustaviana-and-their-potential-applications-as-antibacterial-antifungal-and-anti-inflammatory-agents" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37966.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">268</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2149</span> Anti-Corruption Education in Ukraine during Martial Law and in Lithuania during the State of Emergency</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kateryna%20Kulyk">Kateryna Kulyk</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Anti-corruption education is an integral element of the corruption prevention mechanism of any state. Effective implementation of anti-corruption policy is impossible without awareness-raising activities. Information campaigns should target different social groups and aim to reduce tolerance to any form of corruption. Today, Ukraine and Lithuania have all the necessary infrastructure to actively work in this direction. Anti-corruption measures and building a society resistant to corruption are particularly important in the context of martial law in Ukraine and the state of emergency in Lithuania, as these conditions increase the risks of corrupt practices. To implement this area of activity, it is recommended to actively involve all state and local authorities, business representatives, non-governmental organisations, and all interested citizens. As of today, educational institutions, specialised anti-corruption bodies, and the public are already involved in this process. The purpose of the research is to draw public attention to the need and importance of obtaining basic knowledge on combating and preventing corruption, even in a state of emergency or martial law. This topic remains relevant even during the period of a state of emergency or martial law, as the risk of corrupt practices increases during these periods. The study is based on a comprehensive analysis of the anti-corruption policies of Ukraine and Lithuania, sociological research, and our own survey of anti-corruption experts. Legislation, reports of anti-corruption bodies and civil society organisations were analysed. We also conducted an anonymous survey of 13 anti-corruption experts on the most important anti-corruption measures in the countries studied. The main contribution of the research is to draw attention to the problem of low awareness of the population of countries about the importance of anti-corruption education as one of the necessary conditions for reducing corruption practices. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corruption" title="corruption">corruption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prevention%20and%20combating%20of%20corruption" title=" prevention and combating of corruption"> prevention and combating of corruption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=education" title=" education"> education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti-corruption%20education" title=" anti-corruption education"> anti-corruption education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=martial%20law" title=" martial law"> martial law</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=state%20of%20emergency" title=" state of emergency"> state of emergency</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/190230/anti-corruption-education-in-ukraine-during-martial-law-and-in-lithuania-during-the-state-of-emergency" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/190230.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">35</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2148</span> Anti-Allergic Activities of Smilax Glabra Rhizome Extracts and Its Isolated Compounds</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arunporn%20Itharat">Arunporn Itharat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kamonmas%20Srikwan"> Kamonmas Srikwan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Srisopa%20Ruangnoo"> Srisopa Ruangnoo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pakakrong%20Thongdeeying"> Pakakrong Thongdeeying</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: The rhizomes of Smilax glabra (SG) has long been used in Traditional Chinese and Thai herbal medicine to treat a variety of infectious diseases and immunological disorders. Objective: To investigate the in vitro anti-allergic activities of crude extracts and pure isolated flavonoid compounds from SG by determination of inhibitory effects on antigen-induced release of β-hexosaminidase from RBL-2H3 cells. Methods: The in vitro inhibitory effects of crude aqueous and organic extracts on beta-hexosaminidase release in RBL-2H3 cells were evaluated as an in vitro indication of possible anti-allergic activity in vivo. Bioassay-guided fractionation of extracts was used to isolate flavonoid compounds from the ethanolic extracts. Results: The 95% and 50% ethanolic extracts of SG showed remarkably high anti-allergic activity, with IC50 values of 5.74 ± 2.44 and 23.54 ± 4.75 μg/ml, much higher activity than that for Ketotifen (IC50 58.90 μM). The water extract had negligible activity (IC50 > 100 μg/ml). The two isolated flavonols, Engeletin and Astilbin, showed weak anti-allergic activity, IC50 values 97.46 ± 2.04 and > 100 μg/ml, respectively. Conclusions: The 95% and 50% ethanolic extracts of SG showed strong anti-allergic activity but two flavonol constituents did not show any significant anti-allergic activity. These findings suggest that a combination of effects of various phytochemicals in crude extracts used in traditional medicine are responsible for the purported anti-allergic activity of SG herbal preparations. The plethora of constituents in crude extracts, as yet unidentified, are likely to be acting synergistically to account for the strong observed anti-allergic in vitro activity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Smilax%20glabra" title="Smilax glabra">Smilax glabra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti-allergic%20%20activity" title=" anti-allergic activity"> anti-allergic activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RBL-2H3%20cells" title=" RBL-2H3 cells"> RBL-2H3 cells</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flavonoid%20compounds" title=" flavonoid compounds"> flavonoid compounds</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25044/anti-allergic-activities-of-smilax-glabra-rhizome-extracts-and-its-isolated-compounds" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25044.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">667</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2147</span> The Importance of Knowledge Innovation for External Audit on Anti-Corruption</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adel%20M.%20Qatawneh">Adel M. Qatawneh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper aimed to determine the importance of knowledge innovation for external audit on anti-corruption in the entire Jordanian bank companies are listed in Amman Stock Exchange (ASE). The study importance arises from the need to recognize the Knowledge innovation for external audit and anti-corruption as the development in the world of business, the variables that will be affected by external audit innovation are: reliability of financial data, relevantly of financial data, consistency of the financial data, Full disclosure of financial data and protecting the rights of investors to achieve the objectives of the study a questionnaire was designed and distributed to the society of the Jordanian bank are listed in Amman Stock Exchange. The data analysis found out that the banks in Jordan have a positive importance of Knowledge innovation for external audit on anti-corruption. They agree on the benefit of Knowledge innovation for external audit on anti-corruption. The statistical analysis showed that Knowledge innovation for external audit had a positive impact on the anti-corruption and that external audit has a significantly statistical relationship with anti-corruption, reliability of financial data, consistency of the financial data, a full disclosure of financial data and protecting the rights of investors. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=knowledge%20innovation" title="knowledge innovation">knowledge innovation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=external%20audit" title=" external audit"> external audit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti-corruption" title=" anti-corruption"> anti-corruption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amman%20Stock%20Exchange" title=" Amman Stock Exchange"> Amman Stock Exchange</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24091/the-importance-of-knowledge-innovation-for-external-audit-on-anti-corruption" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24091.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">465</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti%20leshimaniasis&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti%20leshimaniasis&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti%20leshimaniasis&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti%20leshimaniasis&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti%20leshimaniasis&page=6">6</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti%20leshimaniasis&page=7">7</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti%20leshimaniasis&page=8">8</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti%20leshimaniasis&page=9">9</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti%20leshimaniasis&page=10">10</a></li> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">...</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti%20leshimaniasis&page=72">72</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti%20leshimaniasis&page=73">73</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti%20leshimaniasis&page=2" rel="next">&rsaquo;</a></li> </ul> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/WASET-16th-foundational-anniversary.pdf">WASET celebrates its 16th foundational anniversary</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Account <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile">My Account</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Explore <li><a href="https://waset.org/disciplines">Disciplines</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conferences">Conferences</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conference-programs">Conference Program</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/committees">Committees</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Publications</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Research <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Open Science <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Philosophy.pdf">Open Science Philosophy</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Award.pdf">Open Science Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Society-Open-Science-and-Open-Innovation.pdf">Open Innovation</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Postdoctoral-Fellowship-Award.pdf">Postdoctoral Fellowship Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Scholarly-Research-Review.pdf">Scholarly Research Review</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Support <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">Support</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Contact Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Report Abuse</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container text-center"> <hr style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.3rem;"> <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank" class="text-muted small">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</a> <div id="copy" class="mt-2">© 2024 World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology</div> </div> </footer> <a href="javascript:" id="return-to-top"><i class="fas fa-arrow-up"></i></a> <div class="modal" id="modal-template"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="row m-0 mt-1"> <div class="col-md-12"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button> </div> </div> <div class="modal-body"></div> </div> </div> </div> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/jquery-3.3.1.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/js/site.js?v=150220211556"></script> <script> jQuery(document).ready(function() { /*jQuery.get("https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", function (response) { jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); });*/ jQuery.get({ url: "https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", cache: false }).then(function(response){ jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); }); }); </script> </body> </html>