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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hungarian_dance&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Hungarian dance">Hungarian dance</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Type of dance from Hungary</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For Johannes Brahms' Hungarian Dances, see <a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Dances_(Brahms)" title="Hungarian Dances (Brahms)">Hungarian Dances (Brahms)</a>.</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:T%C3%A1ncegy%C3%BCttes.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/T%C3%A1ncegy%C3%BCttes.jpg/220px-T%C3%A1ncegy%C3%BCttes.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/T%C3%A1ncegy%C3%BCttes.jpg/330px-T%C3%A1ncegy%C3%BCttes.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/T%C3%A1ncegy%C3%BCttes.jpg/440px-T%C3%A1ncegy%C3%BCttes.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4256" data-file-height="2832" /></a><figcaption>Hungarian folk dance from the city of <a href="/wiki/Kecskem%C3%A9t" title="Kecskemét">Kecskemét</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Hungarian dance</b> refers to the <a href="/wiki/Folk_dances" class="mw-redirect" title="Folk dances">folk dances</a> practised and performed by the <a href="/wiki/Hungarians" title="Hungarians">Hungarians</a>, both amongst the populations native to <a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary">Hungary</a> and its neighbours, and also amongst the <a href="/wiki/Hungarian_diaspora" title="Hungarian diaspora">Hungarian diaspora</a>. </p><p>According to György Martin, a prominent folklore expert, Hungarian dances can be divided into two categories. The first refers to dances performed in the <a href="/wiki/Middle_Ages" title="Middle Ages">Middle Ages</a> while the second relates to the 18th and 19th century.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hungarians have been noted for their "exceptionally well developed sense of rhythm".<sup id="cite_ref-:1_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the mid-19th century, Musicologist <a href="/wiki/Theodor_Billroth" title="Theodor Billroth">Theodor Billroth</a> performed tests with troops of various nationalities stationed in Vienna and found that the Hungarian troops outperformed others in keeping time with music.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Improvisation and energetic movements are often mentioned as being characteristic of Hungarian dance.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Daniel Berzsenyi wrote, "Its secret laws are not ordered by craft. The laws are its own and enthusiasm sets the limit."<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Elizabeth Charlotte Rearick wrote, "The peasant dance is not one which is set absolutely according to rule; the dancer constructs his steps according to his mood and ingenuity."<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Collections of the Folk Music Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, and the national Ethnographic Museum of the State Folk Ensemble cover almost 10,000 dance variations from 700 Hungarian villages.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Reformed_Church_in_Hungary" title="Reformed Church in Hungary">Reformed Church in Hungary</a> was opposed to dancing, but the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic Church</a> was less restrictive. Some Catholic authors wrote of their approval of dancing, particularly in <a href="/wiki/Heaven" title="Heaven">heaven</a>. One early 16th-century nun who described that "dancing will be essential there for the strong, well-built bodies of the saints," while in the 18th century, Catholic priest <a href="/w/index.php?title=Zsigmond_Csuzy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zsigmond Csuzy (page does not exist)">Zsigmond Csuzy</a> wrote "There would have to be dancing (in heaven) for the itching soles of the Hungarian whose whole life on earth is a dancing school."<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Csárdás"><span id="Cs.C3.A1rd.C3.A1s"></span>Csárdás</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hungarian_folk_dance&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Csárdás"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:PSM_V41_D775_Csardas_hungarian_folk_dance.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/PSM_V41_D775_Csardas_hungarian_folk_dance.jpg/220px-PSM_V41_D775_Csardas_hungarian_folk_dance.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="198" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/PSM_V41_D775_Csardas_hungarian_folk_dance.jpg/330px-PSM_V41_D775_Csardas_hungarian_folk_dance.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/PSM_V41_D775_Csardas_hungarian_folk_dance.jpg/440px-PSM_V41_D775_Csardas_hungarian_folk_dance.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1804" data-file-height="1622" /></a><figcaption>1892 engraving of Csárdás dance from <i><a href="/wiki/Popular_Science" title="Popular Science">Popular Science</a></i></figcaption></figure><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Cs%C3%A1rd%C3%A1s" title="Csárdás">Csárdás</a></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Cs%C3%A1rd%C3%A1s" title="Csárdás">Csárdás</a> is regarded as the most important Hungarian folk dance.<sup id="cite_ref-Jaffe_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jaffe-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is a newer style of dance developed in the 18th and 19th centuries, and features Hungarian embroidered costumes and energetic music. From the men's intricate bootslapping dances to the ancient women's circle dances, Csárdás demonstrates the infectious exuberance of the Hungarian folk dancing still celebrated in the villages. </p><p>In the 1869 book <i>The Magyars: Their Country and Institutions</i>, Arthur Patterson described the dance: "they whirl swiftly round, two or three times, and then, breaking away, recommence the pantomime as before... One seldom sees two couples performing exactly the same figure at the same time. While two separated partners are doing their step with their backs turned on one another, another couple between them are spinning round in the ecstasies of reunion."<sup id="cite_ref-Jaffe_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jaffe-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Martin describes a number of variations of the Csárdás in his 1974 book <i>Hungarian Folk Dances</i>. Figures danced during the Swift Csárdás include the lippentos-martogatos (crouching-dunking), turning in pairs, and playful alluring and releasing of the partner.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Csárdás as danced by older people in the 1970s included half crouching, half turning figures.<sup id="cite_ref-Martin-64_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Martin-64-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the village of <a href="/wiki/J%C3%A1szszentandr%C3%A1s" title="Jászszentandrás">Jaszszentandras</a>, Martin recorded a rare form of the Broom Dance in which "the broom is put through a crouching, tripping movement."<sup id="cite_ref-Martin-64_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Martin-64-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_notable_folk_dances">Other notable folk dances</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hungarian_folk_dance&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Other notable folk dances"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ugr%C3%B3s" title="Ugrós">Ugrós</a> (Jumping dances): Old style dances dating back to the <a href="/wiki/Middle_Ages" title="Middle Ages">Middle Ages</a>. Solo or couple dances accompanied by old style music, shepherd and other solo man's dances from <a href="/wiki/Transylvania" title="Transylvania">Transylvania</a>, and marching dances along with remnants of medieval weapon dances belong in this group.</li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Karik%C3%A1z%C3%B3" title="Karikázó">Karikázó</a>: a circle dance performed by women only accompanied by singing of folksongs.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Verbunkos" title="Verbunkos">Verbunkos</a>: a solo man's dance evolved from the recruiting performances of the <a href="/wiki/Austria-Hungary" title="Austria-Hungary">Austro-Hungarian</a> army.</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Leg%C3%A9nyes" title="Legényes">Legényes</a>: is a men's solo dance done by the ethnic Hungarian people living in the <a href="/wiki/Kalotaszeg" class="mw-redirect" title="Kalotaszeg">Kalotaszeg</a> region of <a href="/wiki/Transylvania" title="Transylvania">Transylvania</a>. Although usually danced by young men, it can be also danced by older men. The dance is performed freestyle usually by one dancer at a time in front of the band. Women participate in the dance by standing in lines to the side and sing/shout verses while the men dance. Each lad does a number of points (dance phrases) typically 4 to 8 without repetition. Each point consists of 4 parts, each lasting 4 counts. The first part is usually the same for everyone (there are only a few variations).</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References_and_notes">References and notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hungarian_folk_dance&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: References and notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFCzompo,_Andor2006" class="citation web cs1">Czompo, Andor (2006-09-27). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hungaria.org/hal/folklor/index.php?halid=3&menuid=55">"Introduction to Hungarian Dances"</a>. Hungarian online resources.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Introduction+to+Hungarian+Dances&rft.pub=Hungarian+online+resources&rft.date=2006-09-27&rft.au=Czompo%2C+Andor&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhungaria.org%2Fhal%2Ffolklor%2Findex.php%3Fhalid%3D3%26menuid%3D55&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHungarian+folk+dance" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Karoly Viski (1937) <i>Hungarian Dances</i>; p. 8</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">György Martin (1974) <i>Hungarian Folk Dances</i>. Gyoma: Kner Printing House, p. 15.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Karoly Viski (1937) <i><a href="//archive.org/details/hungariandances001871mbp/page/n11/mode/2up" class="extiw" title="iarchive:hungariandances001871mbp/page/n11/mode/2up">Hungarian Dances</a></i>; pp. 7, 18, 34, 44</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Elizabeth C. Rearick (1939) <i>Dances of the Hungarians</i>.New York: Teachers College, Columbia University; pp. 45, 46</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">György Martin (1974) <i>Hungarian Folk Dances</i>. Gyoma: Kner Printing House; p. 11.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Elizabeth C. Rearick (1939) <i>Dances of the Hungarians</i>. New York: Teachers College, Columbia University; p. 41</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Jaffe-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Jaffe_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Jaffe_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Nigel Allenby Jaffe (1938: 1990) <i>Folk Dance of Europe</i>. Folk Dance Enterprises <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-946247-14-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-946247-14-5">0-946247-14-5</a>; pp. 166, 167.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">György Martin (1974) <i>Hungarian Folk Dances</i>. Gyoma: Kner Printing House, p. 46.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Martin-64-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Martin-64_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Martin-64_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">György Martin (1974) <i>Hungarian Folk Dances</i>. Gyoma: Kner Printing House, p. 64.</span> </li> </ol></div><div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · 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scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Percussion" class="mw-redirect" title="Percussion">Percussion</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cegl%C3%A9d_water_jug" title="Cegléd water jug">Cegléd water jug</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jew%27s_harp" title="Jew's harp">Jew's harp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tambourine" title="Tambourine">Tambourine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Aerophone" title="Aerophone">Aerophones</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Accordion" title="Accordion">Accordion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clarinet" title="Clarinet">Clarinet</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Duda" title="Duda">Duda</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reed_pipe" title="Reed pipe">Reed pipe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flute" title="Flute">Six-Hole and Long Flutes</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/T%C3%A1rogat%C3%B3" title="Tárogató">Tárogató</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transverse_flute" title="Transverse flute">Transverse flute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphorn" title="Alphorn">Wood horn</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Chordophone" class="mw-redirect" title="Chordophone">Chordophones</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cimbalom" title="Cimbalom">Cimbalom</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Zither" title="Zither">Citera</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Double_bass" title="Double bass">Double bass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurdy-gurdy" title="Hurdy-gurdy">Hurdy-gurdy</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Koboz" class="mw-redirect" title="Koboz">Koboz</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kontra" title="Kontra">Kontra</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stroh_violin" title="Stroh violin">Stroh violin</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tamburica" title="Tamburica">Tambura</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/%C3%9Ct%C5%91gardon" title="Ütőgardon">Ütőgardon</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Violin" title="Violin">Violin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_dance" class="mw-redirect" title="Hungarian dance">Dances</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Cs%C3%A1rd%C3%A1s" title="Csárdás">Csárdás</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Karik%C3%A1z%C3%B3" title="Karikázó">Karikázó</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6rt%C3%A1nc" title="Körtánc">Körtánc</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A1nyt%C3%A1nc" title="Lánytánc">Lánytánc</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Leg%C3%A9nyes" title="Legényes">Legényes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ugr%C3%B3s" title="Ugrós">Ugrós</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Verbunkos" title="Verbunkos">Verbunkos</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Scales</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aeolian_mode" title="Aeolian mode">Aeolian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorian_mode" title="Dorian mode">Dorian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_gypsy_scale" class="mw-redirect" title="Hungarian gypsy scale">Hungarian gypsy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_minor_scale" title="Hungarian minor scale">Hungarian minor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ionian_mode" title="Ionian mode">Ionian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mixolydian_mode" title="Mixolydian mode">Mixolydian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pentatonic_scale" title="Pentatonic scale">Pentatonic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phrygian_mode" title="Phrygian mode">Phrygian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Styles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/N%C3%B3ta" title="Nóta">Nóta</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(song)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/T%C3%A1nch%C3%A1z" title="Táncház">Táncház</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(dance)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Hungary_articles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Hungary_topics" title="Template:Hungary topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Hungary_topics" title="Template talk:Hungary topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Hungary_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Hungary topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Hungary_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary">Hungary</a> <a href="/wiki/Index_of_Hungary-related_articles" title="Index of Hungary-related articles">articles</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Hungary" title="History of Hungary">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_prehistory" title="Hungarian prehistory">Hungarian prehistory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pannonia" title="Pannonia">Pannonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Hungary" title="Principality of Hungary">Principality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1000%E2%80%931301)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1000–1301)">High Medieval Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1301%E2%80%931526)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1301–1526)">Late Medieval Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottoman%E2%80%93Hungarian_wars" class="mw-redirect" title="Ottoman–Hungarian wars">Ottoman–Hungarian wars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1526%E2%80%931867)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1526–1867)">Habsburg Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Transylvania_(1570%E2%80%931711)" title="Principality of Transylvania (1570–1711)">Principality of Transylvania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A1k%C3%B3czi%27s_War_of_Independence" title="Rákóczi's War of Independence">Rákóczi's War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Revolution_of_1848" title="Hungarian Revolution of 1848">Revolution of 1848</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austria-Hungary" title="Austria-Hungary">Austro-Hungarian Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungary_in_World_War_I" title="Hungary in World War I">World War I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Hungarian_Republic" title="First Hungarian Republic">First Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Trianon" title="Treaty of Trianon">Treaty of Trianon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1920%E2%80%931946)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1920–1946)">Interwar Kingdom of Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungary_in_World_War_II" title="Hungary in World War II">World War II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Hungarian_Republic" title="Second Hungarian Republic">Second Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_People%27s_Republic" title="Hungarian People's Republic">People's Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Revolution_of_1956" title="Hungarian Revolution of 1956">Revolution of 1956</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Hungary#Third_Republic_(since_1989)" title="History of Hungary">Third Republic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Christianity_in_Hungary" title="History of Christianity in Hungary">Christianity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Hungary#History_of_the_Hungarian_economy" title="Economy of Hungary">Economic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_Hungary" title="Military history of Hungary">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_wars_involving_Hungary" title="List of wars involving Hungary">List of wars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%81rp%C3%A1d_dynasty" title="Árpád dynasty">Árpád dynasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King_of_Hungary" title="King of Hungary">King</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Hungarian_monarchs" title="List of Hungarian monarchs">Monarchs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Crown_of_Hungary" title="Holy Crown of Hungary">Holy Crown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regent_of_Hungary" title="Regent of Hungary">Regent</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_nobility" title="Hungarian nobility">Nobility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Hungary" title="Flag of Hungary">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Hungary" title="Coat of arms of Hungary">Coat of arms</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Hungary" title="Geography of Hungary">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Hungary" title="Administrative divisions of Hungary">Administrative divisions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Counties_of_Hungary" title="Counties of Hungary">Counties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_and_towns_of_Hungary" title="List of cities and towns of Hungary">Cities and towns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Hungary" title="Climate of Hungary">Climate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Hungary#Extreme_points" title="Geography of Hungary">Extreme points</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Geology_of_Hungary" title="Category:Geology of Hungary">Geology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydrology_of_Hungary" title="Hydrology of Hungary">Hydrology</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Hungary" title="List of islands of Hungary">Islands</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_lakes_of_Hungary" title="List of lakes of Hungary">Lakes</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_Hungary" title="List of rivers of Hungary">Rivers</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Mountain_ranges_of_Hungary" title="Category:Mountain ranges of Hungary">Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_national_parks_of_Hungary" title="List of national parks of Hungary">National parks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_regions_of_Hungary" title="List of regions of Hungary">Regions</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Hungary" title="Politics of Hungary">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Hungary" title="Government of Hungary">Cabinet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Hungary" title="Constitution of Hungary">Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Hungary" title="Elections in Hungary">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Hungary" title="Foreign relations of Hungary">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Hungary" title="Human rights in Hungary">Human rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hungarian_intelligence_agencies" title="Category:Hungarian intelligence agencies">Intelligence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Law_of_Hungary" title="Category:Law of Hungary">Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement_in_Hungary" title="Law enforcement in Hungary">Law enforcement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Defence_Forces" title="Hungarian Defence Forces">Military</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chief_of_General_Staff_(Hungary)" title="Chief of General Staff (Hungary)">Chief of General Staff</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_nationality_law" title="Hungarian nationality law">Nationality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Hungary)" title="National Assembly (Hungary)">Parliament</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_speakers_of_the_National_Assembly_(Hungary)" title="List of speakers of the National Assembly (Hungary)">Speaker</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Hungary" title="List of political parties in Hungary">Political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Hungary" title="President of Hungary">President</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_heads_of_state_of_Hungary" title="List of heads of state of Hungary"><span style="font-size:85%;">list</span></a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Hungary" title="Prime Minister of Hungary">Prime Minister</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_prime_ministers_of_Hungary" title="List of prime ministers of Hungary"><span style="font-size:85%;">list</span></a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Hungary" title="Economy of Hungary">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Hungary#Agriculture" title="Economy of Hungary">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_banks_in_Hungary" title="List of banks in Hungary">Banks</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_National_Bank" title="Hungarian National Bank">Hungarian National Bank</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_companies_of_Hungary" title="List of companies of Hungary">Companies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_in_Hungary" title="Energy in Hungary">Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_forint" title="Hungarian forint">Forint </a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(currency)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Hungary#Industry" title="Economy of Hungary">Industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_and_technology_in_Hungary" title="Science and technology in Hungary">Science and technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Budapest_Stock_Exchange" title="Budapest Stock Exchange">Stock exchange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxation_in_Hungary" title="Taxation in Hungary">Taxation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Hungary" title="Telecommunications in Hungary">Telecommunications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Hungary" title="Tourism in Hungary">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Trade_unions_in_Hungary" title="Category:Trade unions in Hungary">Trade unions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Hungary" title="Transport in Hungary">Transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unemployment_in_Hungary" title="Unemployment in Hungary">Unemployment</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Society_of_Hungary" title="Category:Society of Hungary">Society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Hungarian_sentiment" title="Anti-Hungarian sentiment">Anti-Hungarian sentiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_Hungary" title="Crime in Hungary">Crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Hungary" title="Demographics of Hungary">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Hungary" title="Education in Hungary">Education</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_universities_and_colleges_in_Hungary" title="List of universities and colleges in Hungary">Universities and colleges</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_policy_in_Hungary" title="Family policy in Hungary">Family policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_in_Hungary" title="Health in Hungary">Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Hungary" title="Healthcare in Hungary">Healthcare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_trafficking_in_Hungary" title="Human trafficking in Hungary">Human trafficking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarians" title="Hungarians">Hungarians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_diaspora" title="Hungarian diaspora">Hungarian diaspora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_irredentism" title="Hungarian irredentism">Irredentism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_rankings_of_Hungary" title="International rankings of Hungary">International rankings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Hungary" title="Languages of Hungary">Languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Hungary" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Hungary">LGBT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Hungary" title="Prostitution in Hungary">Prostitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Hungary" title="Public holidays in Hungary">Public holidays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Hungary" title="Religion in Hungary">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_Hungary" title="Women in Hungary">Women</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Hungary" title="Culture of Hungary">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_Hungary" title="Architecture of Hungary">Architecture</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_castles_in_Hungary" title="List of castles in Hungary">Castles</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_palaces_in_Hungary" class="mw-redirect" title="List of palaces in Hungary">Palaces and mansions</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_art" title="Hungarian art">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Hungary" title="Cinema of Hungary">Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_cuisine" title="Hungarian cuisine">Cuisine</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_wine" title="Hungarian wine">Wine</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Beer_in_Hungary" title="Beer in Hungary">Beer</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Hungarian_dishes" title="List of Hungarian dishes">Dishes</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_sausages" title="Hungarian sausages">Sausages</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_dance" class="mw-redirect" title="Hungarian dance">Dance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Budapest_Fashion_Week" title="Budapest Fashion Week">Fashion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Festivals_in_Hungary" title="Category:Festivals in Hungary">Festivals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hungarian_folklore" title="Category:Hungarian folklore">Folklore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hungarian_inventions" title="Category:Hungarian inventions">Inventions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_language" title="Hungarian language">Hungarian language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_literature" title="Hungarian literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_Hungary" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of Hungary">Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Hungary" title="Music of Hungary">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_names" title="Hungarian names">Names</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Hungary#Spa_culture" title="Culture of Hungary">Spa culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungary_at_the_Olympics" title="Hungary at the Olympics">Sport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_symbols_of_Hungary" title="National symbols of Hungary">Symbols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_in_Hungary" title="Television in Hungary">Television</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_theatres_in_Hungary" title="List of theatres in Hungary">Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Hungary" title="List of World Heritage Sites in Hungary">World Heritage Sites</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div><div style="margin-bottom:-0.4em;"><ul><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Hungary" title="Outline of Hungary">Outline</a></span></li><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Hungary-related_articles" title="Index of Hungary-related articles">Index</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hungary" title="Category:Hungary">Category</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Hungary" 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