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vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Operations subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Operations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Upstream_operations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Upstream_operations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Upstream operations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Upstream_operations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pipeline_operations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pipeline_operations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Pipeline operations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pipeline_operations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Refining_operations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Refining_operations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Refining operations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Refining_operations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Retail_station_operations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Retail_station_operations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Retail station operations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Retail_station_operations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_operations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_operations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Other operations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_operations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Locations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Locations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Locations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Locations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Accidents" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Accidents"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Accidents</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Accidents-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Corruption_and_controversies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Corruption_and_controversies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Corruption and controversies</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Corruption_and_controversies-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Corruption and controversies subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Corruption_and_controversies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Bribery_and_illegal_payments" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bribery_and_illegal_payments"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Bribery and illegal payments</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bribery_and_illegal_payments-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Embezzlement" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Embezzlement"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Embezzlement</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Embezzlement-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Murder_of_Maltese_journalist_Daphne_Caruana_Galizia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Murder_of_Maltese_journalist_Daphne_Caruana_Galizia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Murder of Maltese journalist Daphne Caruana Galizia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Murder_of_Maltese_journalist_Daphne_Caruana_Galizia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-War_propaganda" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#War_propaganda"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.4</span> <span>War propaganda</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-War_propaganda-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sponsorship" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sponsorship"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Sponsorship</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sponsorship-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">SOCAR</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 30 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-30" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">30 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="سوكار – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="سوكار" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/SOCAR" title="SOCAR – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="SOCAR" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="سوکار – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="سوکار" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B7%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%90%D0%B7%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96" title="Дзяржаўная нафтавая кампанія Азэрбайджанскай Рэспублікі – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Дзяржаўная нафтавая кампанія Азэрбайджанскай Рэспублікі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/SOCAR_(empresa_petroliera)" title="SOCAR (empresa petroliera) – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="SOCAR (empresa petroliera)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/State_Oil_Company_of_Azerbaijan_Republic" title="State Oil Company of Azerbaijan Republic – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="State Oil Company of Azerbaijan Republic" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aserbaid%C5%BEaani_Vabariigi_Riiklik_Naftakompanii" title="Aserbaidžaani Vabariigi Riiklik Naftakompanii – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Aserbaidžaani Vabariigi Riiklik Naftakompanii" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/SOCAR" title="SOCAR – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="SOCAR" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/SOCAR_(empresa_petrolera)" title="SOCAR (empresa petrolera) – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="SOCAR (empresa petrolera)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="سوکار – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سوکار" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/State_Oil_Company_of_Azerbaijan_Republic" title="State Oil Company of Azerbaijan Republic – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="State Oil Company of Azerbaijan Republic" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%84%EC%A0%9C%EB%A5%B4%EB%B0%94%EC%9D%B4%EC%9E%94_%EA%B5%AD%EC%98%81_%EC%84%9D%EC%9C%A0%ED%9A%8C%EC%82%AC" title="아제르바이잔 국영 석유회사 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="아제르바이잔 국영 석유회사" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%A4%D6%80%D5%A2%D5%A5%D5%BB%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%AB_%D5%BA%D5%A5%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%BE%D5%A9%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB%D5%B6_%D5%A8%D5%B6%D5%AF%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Ադրբեջանի պետական նավթային ընկերություն – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ադրբեջանի պետական նավթային ընկերություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/SOCAR" title="SOCAR – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="SOCAR" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/SOCAR" title="SOCAR – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="SOCAR" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/SOCAR" title="SOCAR – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="SOCAR" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/SOCAR" title="SOCAR – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="SOCAR" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/SOCAR" title="SOCAR – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="SOCAR" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/SOCAR" title="SOCAR – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="SOCAR" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%82%BC%E3%83%AB%E3%83%90%E3%82%A4%E3%82%B8%E3%83%A3%E3%83%B3%E5%9B%BD%E5%96%B6%E7%9F%B3%E6%B2%B9%E4%BC%9A%E7%A4%BE" title="アゼルバイジャン国営石油会社 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アゼルバイジャン国営石油会社" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/SOCAR" title="SOCAR – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="SOCAR" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/SOCAR" title="SOCAR – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="SOCAR" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/SOCAR" title="SOCAR – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="SOCAR" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%84%D1%82%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Государственная нефтяная компания Азербайджанской Республики – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Государственная нефтяная компания Азербайджанской Республики" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/SOCAR" title="SOCAR – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="SOCAR" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/SOCAR" title="SOCAR – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="SOCAR" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/SOCAR" title="SOCAR – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="SOCAR" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/SOCAR" title="SOCAR – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="SOCAR" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/SOCAR" title="SOCAR – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="SOCAR" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%A1%9E%E6%8B%9C%E7%96%86%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E7%9F%B3%E6%B2%B9%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" title="阿塞拜疆共和国国家石油公司 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="阿塞拜疆共和国国家石油公司" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1622293#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/SOCAR" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:SOCAR" rel="discussion" title="Discuss 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searchaux" style="display:none">State-owned oil and gas company in Azerbaijan</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about Azerbaijan oil company. For the US state sometimes referred to as "SoCar", see <a href="/wiki/South_Carolina" title="South Carolina">South Carolina</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1242257876">.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-label{padding-right:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-below{line-height:1.35em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-logo img{background-color:#f8f9fa}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-locality,.mw-parser-output .ib-company-country{display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-company vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org" style="font-size: 125%;">State Oil Company of the Republic of Azerbaijan</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image ib-company-logo logo"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:State_Oil_Company_of_Azerbaijan_Republic_new_logo.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fa/State_Oil_Company_of_Azerbaijan_Republic_new_logo.png/250px-State_Oil_Company_of_Azerbaijan_Republic_new_logo.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="71" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fa/State_Oil_Company_of_Azerbaijan_Republic_new_logo.png/500px-State_Oil_Company_of_Azerbaijan_Republic_new_logo.png 1.5x" data-file-width="592" data-file-height="168" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Trade_name" title="Trade name">Trade name</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">SOCAR</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Native name</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Azerbaijani-language text"><i lang="az">Azərbaycan Respublikası Dövlət Neft Şirkəti</i></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Company type</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/State-owned" class="mw-redirect" title="State-owned">State-owned</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Industry</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Oil_and_gas_industry" class="mw-redirect" title="Oil and gas industry">Oil and gas</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">13 September 1992<span style="display: none;"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1992-09-13</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founder</th><td class="infobox-data agent"><a href="/wiki/Abulfaz_Elchibey" title="Abulfaz Elchibey">Abulfaz Elchibey</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="ib-company-locality locality"><a href="/wiki/Baku" title="Baku">Baku</a></div>, <div class="ib-company-country country-name"><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan" title="Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Area served</div></th><td class="infobox-data">Europe & Asia</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Key people</div></th><td class="infobox-data agent">Rovshan Najaf (president)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Products</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Petroleum" title="Petroleum">Petroleum</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Natural_gas" title="Natural gas">Natural gas</a></li></ul></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fuel" title="Fuel">Fuels</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Petrochemical" title="Petrochemical">Petrochemicals</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Services</th><td class="infobox-data category"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Filling_station" title="Filling station">Sales</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Pipeline_transport" class="mw-redirect" title="Pipeline transport">Transportation</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Filling_station" title="Filling station">Service stations</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Commodity_trading" class="mw-redirect" title="Commodity trading">Trading</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Shipbuilding" title="Shipbuilding">Shipbuilding</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Revenue</th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/40px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Azerbaijani_manat" title="Azerbaijani manat">AZN</a> 119,2 bn <small>(2022)</small><sup id="cite_ref-FR2022_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FR2022-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Earnings_before_interest_and_taxes" title="Earnings before interest and taxes">Operating income</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/40px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Azerbaijani_manat" title="Azerbaijani manat">AZN</a> 9.36 bn <small>(2022)</small><sup id="cite_ref-FR2022_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FR2022-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Net_income" title="Net income">Net income</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/40px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Azerbaijani_manat" title="Azerbaijani manat">AZN</a> 9.4 bn <small>(2022)</small><sup id="cite_ref-FR2022_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FR2022-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Asset" title="Asset">Total assets</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/40px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Azerbaijani_manat" title="Azerbaijani manat">AZN</a> 80.8 bn <small>(2022)</small><sup id="cite_ref-FR2022_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FR2022-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Equity_(finance)" title="Equity (finance)">Total equity</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/40px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Azerbaijani_manat" title="Azerbaijani manat">AZN</a> 33.3 bn <small>(2022)</small><sup id="cite_ref-FR2022_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FR2022-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Owner</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_Azerbaijan" title="Cabinet of Azerbaijan">Azerbaijani Government</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Number of employees</div></th><td class="infobox-data">100,000 <small>(2018)</small><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Subsidiary" title="Subsidiary">Subsidiaries</a></th><td class="infobox-data">BOS Shelf, AZFEN, <a href="/wiki/Petkim" title="Petkim">Petkim</a>, Star Refinery, <a href="/wiki/Baku_Shipyard_LLC" class="mw-redirect" title="Baku Shipyard LLC">Baku Shipyard LLC</a>, Interfax Azerbaijan, Ateshgah Insurance, AzLAB, EKOL Engineering</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.socar.az">www<wbr />.socar<wbr />.az</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>State Oil Company of the Republic of Azerbaijan</b> (<a href="/wiki/Azerbaijani_language" title="Azerbaijani language">Azerbaijani</a>: <i lang="az">Azərbaycan Respublikası Dövlət Neft Şirkəti, ARDNŞ</i>), largely known by its abbreviation <b>SOCAR</b>, is a fully <a href="/wiki/State-owned" class="mw-redirect" title="State-owned">state-owned</a> national oil and gas company headquartered in <a href="/wiki/Baku" title="Baku">Baku</a>, <a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan" title="Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a>. The company produces <a href="/wiki/Oil" title="Oil">oil</a> and <a href="/wiki/Natural_gas" title="Natural gas">natural gas</a> from onshore and offshore fields in the Azerbaijani segment of the <a href="/wiki/Caspian_Sea" title="Caspian Sea">Caspian Sea</a>. It operates the country's only oil refinery, one <a href="/wiki/SOCAR_Gas_Processing_Plant" title="SOCAR Gas Processing Plant">gas processing plant</a> and runs several oil and gas export <a href="/wiki/Pipeline_transport" class="mw-redirect" title="Pipeline transport">pipelines</a> throughout the country. It owns fuel filling station networks under the <i>SOCAR</i> brand in <a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan" title="Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a>, <a href="/wiki/Georgia_(country)" title="Georgia (country)">Georgia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a>, <a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a>. </p><p>SOCAR is a major source of income for the authoritarian regime in <a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan" title="Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The company is run in an opaque manner, as it has complex webs of contracts and middlemen that have led to the enrichment of the country's ruling elites.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:2_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SOCAR&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Oil_industry_in_Azerbaijan" class="mw-redirect" title="Oil industry in Azerbaijan">Oil industry in Azerbaijan</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Soviet_era">Soviet era</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SOCAR&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Soviet era"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Heydar_Aliyev_Baku_Oil_Refinery_3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Heydar_Aliyev_Baku_Oil_Refinery_3.jpg/220px-Heydar_Aliyev_Baku_Oil_Refinery_3.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Heydar_Aliyev_Baku_Oil_Refinery_3.jpg/330px-Heydar_Aliyev_Baku_Oil_Refinery_3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Heydar_Aliyev_Baku_Oil_Refinery_3.jpg/440px-Heydar_Aliyev_Baku_Oil_Refinery_3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption>SOCAR’s <a href="/wiki/Heydar_Aliyev_Baku_Oil_Refinery" title="Heydar Aliyev Baku Oil Refinery">Heydar Aliyev Baku Oil Refinery</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Azneft, a business that integrated the Azerbaijani oil industry was created after the <a href="/wiki/October_Revolution" title="October Revolution">Bolshevik Revolution</a> through the <a href="/wiki/Nationalization" title="Nationalization">nationalization</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan" title="Azerbaijan">Azerbaijani</a> oil industry. It was subordinate to different organizations in the former <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic">Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic</a>, depending on its organizations' characteristics at different times and was known as Azerneftkomite, Azerneftkombinat (later divided into the Azerneft, Azerneftzavodlar and Azerneftmashingayirma syndicates), and Azerneftchikharma syndicates, and so forth. In 1954–1959,, the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Oil_Industry" title="Ministry of Oil Industry">Ministry of the Oil Industry</a> of the Azerbaijan SSR and in 1965–1970, the Ministry of Oil Production Industry of the Azerbaijan SSR were established on the basis of Azerneft. In August 1970, it was renamed back to <i>Azerneft</i>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2015)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Post-independence">Post-independence</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SOCAR&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Post-independence"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As the Republic of Azerbaijan gained independence, Azerineft State Concern was established on 3 December 1991. The State Oil Company of the Azerbaijan Republic (SOCAR) was created on 13 September 1992 by the merger of Azerbaijan's two state oil companies, Azerineft State Concern and Azerneftkimiya Production Association according to the decree of then president <a href="/wiki/Abulfaz_Elchibey" title="Abulfaz Elchibey">Abulfaz Elchibey</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-History_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-History-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1994, the Onshore and Offshore Oil and Gas Production Association were established as part of the State Oil Company. In 2003, the Onshore and Offshore Oil and Gas Production Association were merged to form the Azneft Production Union.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On July 21, 2022, Rovshan Najaf was appointed as the President of SOCAR as based on the decree issued by Ilham Aliyev, the President of the Republic of Azerbaijan.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In December 2005, the former head of the Baku Oil Refinery and a member of the Azerbaijani parliament, <a href="/wiki/Rovnag_Abdullayev" title="Rovnag Abdullayev">Rovnag Abdullayev</a>, was appointed President of SOCAR. He replaced <a href="/wiki/Natig_Aliyev" title="Natig Aliyev">Natig Aliyev</a>, who was named Azerbaijan's <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Industry_and_Energy_(Azerbaijan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministry of Industry and Energy (Azerbaijan)">Minister of Industry and Energy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On the 21st of July 2022, Rovshan Najaf was appointed President of the State Oil Company of the Republic of Azerbaijan, SOCAR.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Azerbaijan government adopted for a strategy in the 1990s to rev up oil exploration and deplete existing oil wells, with immediate economic gains. Victor Menaldo writes that recently independent Azerbaijan found "itself in a fragile and desperate situation after a war against Armenia, a huge banking crisis, and an economic collapse" and that "the government was left with no other option than to rev up oil exploration and hasten the depletion of extant wells, despite the fact that oil discoveries had peaked."<sup id="cite_ref-:3_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Menaldo wrote in 2016, "the days in which the Azerbaijani state can offset its underlying weakness by drilling its way out of trouble are numbered... Whether Azerbaijan can now transition to a more diversified economy is an open question."<sup id="cite_ref-:3_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Thomas de Waal wrote in 2018, "Azerbaijan’s economy showed classic symptoms of “Dutch Disease,” the condition whereby heavy reliance on the export of one product—usually oil or gas—weakens the rest of the economy."<sup id="cite_ref-:2_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to De Waal, the oil wealth had enriched political and economic elites in Azerbaijan, along with underspending of the oil riches on long-term development.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Operations">Operations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SOCAR&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Operations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Upstream_operations">Upstream operations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SOCAR&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Upstream operations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>SOCAR's activities are exploration, preparation, exploitation of <a href="/wiki/Onshore_(hydrocarbons)" title="Onshore (hydrocarbons)">onshore</a> and <a href="/wiki/Offshore_(hydrocarbons)" title="Offshore (hydrocarbons)">offshore</a> oil and gas fields, transportation, processing, refining and sale of oil, gas, condensate and other related products.<sup id="cite_ref-History_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-History-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> SOCAR's exploration activities cover the prospective offshore fields in the Azerbaijani sector of the Caspian Sea. The current largest fields being explored are <a href="/wiki/Shafag-Asiman" class="mw-redirect" title="Shafag-Asiman">Shafag-Asiman</a>, which is explored with BP,<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Absheron_gas_field" title="Absheron gas field">Absheron</a> natural gas fields which are being explored together with <a href="/wiki/BP" title="BP">BP</a> and <a href="/wiki/TotalEnergies" title="TotalEnergies">TotalEnergies</a> respectively.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2010, SOCAR and BP signed a new production sharing agreement regarding Shafag-Asiman.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2014, SOCAR and BP signed a joint exploration and development over the <a href="/wiki/Shallow_Water_Absheron_Peninsula" title="Shallow Water Absheron Peninsula">Shallow Water Absheron Peninsula</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> SOCAR has explored the <a href="/wiki/Umid_gas_field" title="Umid gas field">Umid</a> and Bulla Deniz gas fields. In 2017, SOCAR and a <a href="/wiki/Consortium" title="Consortium">consortium</a> led by <a href="/wiki/BP" title="BP">BP</a> signed a letter of intent for future development of the <a href="/wiki/Azeri%E2%80%93Chirag%E2%80%93Gunashli" title="Azeri–Chirag–Gunashli">Azer-Chirag-Gunashli</a> field.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They signed a $6 billion contract regarding the Azeri Central East (ACE) platform on the Azeri-Chirag-Gunashli field.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2016,, SOCAR produced 6.27 billion barrels (997,000,000 m<sup>3</sup>) of gas.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Azerbaijan has 57 oil fields, 18 of which are offshore, in the Azerbaijani sector of the <a href="/wiki/Caspian_Sea" title="Caspian Sea">Caspian Sea</a>. The essential part of the company's revenue comes from the giant <a href="/wiki/Azeri-Chirag-Guneshli" class="mw-redirect" title="Azeri-Chirag-Guneshli">ACG</a> oil field complex and <a href="/wiki/Shah_Deniz_gas_field" title="Shah Deniz gas field">Shah Deniz gas field</a>. In September 1994, SOCAR entered into a <a href="/wiki/Production_sharing_agreement" title="Production sharing agreement">Production sharing agreement</a> (PSA) with the foreign oil companies led by <a href="/wiki/BP" title="BP">BP</a> for the 30-year development of the <a href="/wiki/Azeri-Chirag-Guneshli" class="mw-redirect" title="Azeri-Chirag-Guneshli">ACG</a> oil field, which was later known as the <i>Contract of the Century</i>. Two years later Shah Deniz PSA was signed. As of 2014, SOCAR holds 11.6% of the ACG shares and 16.7% of the Shah Deniz shares.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Moreover, SOCAR operates a number of onshore fields on its own which is the main source of the domestic supply.. In 2013,, 43.48 million tons (318.74 million barrels) of oil was produced in Azerbaijan, of which 8.31 million tons (60.95 million barrels) belong to SOCAR. In the same period, Azerbaijan's natural gas production reached record high of 29.46 billion cubic metre of which SOCAR shares constitute 7.14 billion cubic metre of it.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 22 December 2023, after 30 years operating in the country’s oilfields, Norway based <a href="/wiki/Equinor" title="Equinor">Equinor</a> announced it was selling its assets in <a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan" title="Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a> to SOCAR. The sale includes an 8.7% interest in the <a href="/wiki/Baku%E2%80%93Tbilisi%E2%80%93Ceyhan_pipeline" title="Baku–Tbilisi–Ceyhan pipeline">Baku Tbilisi Ceychan pipeline</a>, used to pump oil to Turkey’s Western coast, a 7.27% interest in the <a href="/wiki/Azeri%E2%80%93Chirag%E2%80%93Gunashli" title="Azeri–Chirag–Gunashli">Azeri-Chirag-Gunashli oilfield</a>, and a 50% stake in the <a href="/wiki/Karabakh_oilfield" title="Karabakh oilfield">Karabakh oilfield</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pipeline_operations">Pipeline operations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SOCAR&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Pipeline operations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>SOCAR has a share in two parallel-running major export pipelines of the country; <a href="/wiki/Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan_pipeline" class="mw-redirect" title="Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan pipeline">Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan pipeline</a> (BTC) and <a href="/wiki/South_Caucasus_Pipeline" title="South Caucasus Pipeline">South Caucasus Pipeline</a> (SCP).<sup id="cite_ref-Azerbaijan_International_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Azerbaijan_International-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Baku_pipelines.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Baku_pipelines.svg/250px-Baku_pipelines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Baku_pipelines.svg/500px-Baku_pipelines.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1316" data-file-height="762" /></a><figcaption>Azerbaijan's major export pipelines</figcaption></figure><p>The pipelines deliver the <a href="/wiki/Azeri-Chirag-Guneshli" class="mw-redirect" title="Azeri-Chirag-Guneshli">ACG</a> and <a href="/wiki/Shah_Deniz_gas_field" title="Shah Deniz gas field">Shah Deniz</a> hydrocarbons from <a href="/wiki/Sangachal_Terminal" title="Sangachal Terminal">Sangachal Terminal</a> located in 45 km south of Baku to Turkey and Europe. They pass through the borders of three countries: Azerbaijan, Georgia and Turkey. The share of SOCAR in the BTC and SCP is 25% and 16.7% respectively.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition, SOCAR is the major shareholder with 58% ownership in the <a href="/wiki/Trans-Anatolian_gas_pipeline" title="Trans-Anatolian gas pipeline">Trans-Anatolian gas pipeline</a> (TANAP) and with 20% ownership in <a href="/wiki/Trans_Adriatic_Pipeline" title="Trans Adriatic Pipeline">Trans Adriatic Pipeline</a> (TAP) which are meant to transmit some 16 bcma of gas produced from the second phase of <a href="/wiki/Shah_Deniz_gas_field" title="Shah Deniz gas field">Shah Deniz gas field</a> with 10 bcma of that going to Europe and 6 bcma to Turkey..<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The TAP is seen as a competitor to Russia's <a href="/wiki/South_Stream" title="South Stream">South Stream</a> because of diversification of gas supplies to Europe. In February 2021, SOCAR's vice president for investment and marketing, Elshad Nasirov, stated that 20% of TANAP would be able to transport <a href="/wiki/Hydrogen" title="Hydrogen">hydrogen</a> to Europe without additional investments.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The company has stakes in the relatively low-capacity <a href="/wiki/Baku-Supsa_Pipeline" class="mw-redirect" title="Baku-Supsa Pipeline">Baku-Supsa Pipeline</a> and <a href="/wiki/Baku-Novorossiysk_Pipeline" class="mw-redirect" title="Baku-Novorossiysk Pipeline">Baku-Novorossiysk Pipeline</a>. The Azerbaijani part of the Baku-Novorossiysk Pipeline is operated by SOCAR, whereas Baku-Supsa Pipeline's operator is <a href="/wiki/BP" title="BP">BP</a>. Moreover, SOCAR operates Dubendi Oil Terminal<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in Azerbaijan and <a href="/wiki/Kulevi_Oil_Terminal" class="mw-redirect" title="Kulevi Oil Terminal">Kulevi Oil Terminal</a> in Georgia, which are important for transportation and export.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>An additional supply contract was signed in May 2021, with Russia's <a href="/wiki/Rosneft" title="Rosneft">Rosneft</a>, to start supplying Ukraine and other countries with oil products and LPG. This came about after Swiss trader Proton Energy suspended shipments of Russian diesel to the country that April.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This is the first time since 2016 that another company will be supplying Rosneft products to Ukraine. According to BM Georgia, the supply agreement will provide SOCAR with an additional 100,000 tons of diesel fuel and 12,000 tons of LPG.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Refining_operations">Refining operations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SOCAR&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Refining operations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>SOCAR has two oil refineries and one gas processing plant. Azerneftyagh Oil Refinery specializes in the production of fuels and oils, producing gasoline, kerosene and diesel distillates, various oils (industrial, motor, transformer etc.) and asphalt. All fuel distillates produced there are sent to Heydar Aliyev Baku Oil Refinery for redistillation. The refinery processes 21 out of 24 grades of the Azerbaijani crude. It meets the country's entire demand for petroleum products, and 45% of its petroleum products are exported. The Gas Processing Plant produces processed gas, liquified gas and natural gasoline. In 2010, the plant produced 4 bcm of processed gas, 24,800 tons of liquefied gas and 26,700 tons of natural gasoline.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Two subsidiaries of <a href="/wiki/Maire_Tecnimont" title="Maire Tecnimont">Maire Tecnimont</a> S.p.A signed two <a href="/wiki/Engineering,_procurement,_and_construction" title="Engineering, procurement, and construction">EPCs</a> with Heydar Aliyev Oil Refinery (HAOR) for its modernization and reconstruction in 2021. The one EPC is for the installation of a <a href="/wiki/Fluid_catalytic_cracking" title="Fluid catalytic cracking">Fluid catalytic cracking</a> (FCC) gasoline hydrotreating unit, and the other for the installation of an LPG mercaptan oxidation unit and an amine treatment and LPG pre-treatment unit.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> SOCAR and Axens signed licensing and design agreements for the FCC unit included in the HAOR modernisation project. With this, engineers will be provided with schooling related to the units, as well as specifically aiming to develop energy efficiency skills and sustainability.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Retail_station_operations">Retail station operations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SOCAR&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Retail station operations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:SOCAR_fuel_filling_station.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/SOCAR_fuel_filling_station.JPG/250px-SOCAR_fuel_filling_station.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/SOCAR_fuel_filling_station.JPG/330px-SOCAR_fuel_filling_station.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/SOCAR_fuel_filling_station.JPG/500px-SOCAR_fuel_filling_station.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption>SOCAR fuel filling station on Babek Avenue, Baku, Azerbaijan</figcaption></figure> <p>The first fuel station of the company under the brand name <i>SOCAR</i> was opened in neighboring <a href="/wiki/Georgia_(country)" title="Georgia (country)">Georgia</a> in 2008, before any in its home country. The fuel stations in Georgia are operated by the subsidiary of the company SOCAR Georgia Petroleum. As of 2014, there were currently more than 110 filling stations in Georgia, making it the largest retail fuel station network of SOCAR.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In Azerbaijan, the company operates a few (less than any other country where it operates)<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> filling stations under the brand name <i>SOCAR</i> since 2010. It is the third-largest network of retail stations in Azerbaijan after <a href="/wiki/Azpetrol" title="Azpetrol">Azpetrol</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lukoil" title="Lukoil">Lukoil</a>. In 2011, the first retail station of SOCAR was opened in <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a>. In October 2014, the number of the SOCAR stations in Ukraine reached 40.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2011, the company entered into the <a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romanian</a> market, acquiring initially 90% and at a later stage, the rest 10% of the stake in Romtranspetrol.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In September 2014, SOCAR launched its 30th filling station in <a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In November 2011, SOCAR bought <a href="/wiki/ExxonMobil" title="ExxonMobil">ExxonMobil</a>'s Swiss subsidiary <a href="/wiki/Esso" title="Esso">Esso Schweiz</a> for an undisclosed amount. Along with the acquisition, SOCAR became the owner of a network of more than 160 filling stations operating under the brand name <i>Esso</i> across the country.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first SOCAR premium fueling station in <a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a> after the rebranding was opened in September 2012 in <a href="/wiki/Z%C3%BCrich" class="mw-redirect" title="Zürich">Zürich</a>. All the operations in Switzerland are managed and led by SOCAR Energy Switzerland.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2021, plans were announced that <a href="/wiki/Alpiq" title="Alpiq">Alpiq</a>, EW Hofe and SOCAR Energy Switzerland will be building an electrolysis plant in the <a href="/wiki/Freienbach" title="Freienbach">Freienbach</a> district, which is to produce 1,000 to 1,200 tons of emission-free mobility <a href="/wiki/Green_hydrogen" title="Green hydrogen">green hydrogen</a> a year. The green hydrogen that is produced there will be transported in the pipelines of the former substation to the Fuchsberg motorway service station, where SOCAR will set up filling stations.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_operations">Other operations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SOCAR&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Other operations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In December 2007, SOCAR Trading was incorporated and became the marketing division of SOCAR. Headquartered in <a href="/wiki/Geneva" title="Geneva">Geneva</a>, SOCAR Trading offers ultra-low-sulfur-diesel, <a href="/wiki/Liquefied_petroleum_gas" title="Liquefied petroleum gas">liquefied petroleum gas</a> and markets SOCAR crude oil export volumes<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> from <a href="/wiki/Ceyhan" title="Ceyhan">Ceyhan</a>, trades third-party crude and oil products and assists SOCAR with international investments in logistics, downstream and sales. Alongside its field of activity in marketing and sales, SOCAR Trading assists SOCAR in expanding SOCAR's assets as well.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Azerigaz Production Union (PU) has been carrying out transportation, distribution and sale of natural gas in the territory of the Republic of Azerbaijan. The Union has also been ensuring transportation of natural gas produced by SOCAR to the <a href="/wiki/Islamic_Republic_of_Iran" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamic Republic of Iran">Islamic Republic of Iran</a>, <a href="/wiki/Georgia_(country)" title="Georgia (country)">Georgia</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Federation" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian Federation">Russian Federation</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The main directions of SOCAR Georgia Gas activity comprise import into the Georgian market and sale of natural gas, as well as construction and rehabilitation of gas pipelines. In 2010, the company was honoured with 'Best Company of the year' for active participation in the 'Gas provision of all villages' program of the <a href="/wiki/Georgian_President" class="mw-redirect" title="Georgian President">Georgian President</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2015)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Baku_Shipyard_LLC" class="mw-redirect" title="Baku Shipyard LLC">Baku Shipyard LLC</a><sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> joint venture was founded on 10 May 2011 under the laws of Republic of Azerbaijan, by the State Oil Company of Azerbaijan (SOCAR) owning 65%, Azerbaijan Investment Company (AIC) 25%, and Keppel Offshore Marine (KOM) 10%, has developed and put into operation the most modern shipbuilding and ship-repair facility in the Caspian Sea. </p><p>The opening ceremony of Star Oil Refinery was held on 19 October in <a href="/wiki/%C4%B0zmir" title="İzmir">İzmir</a>, Turkey with the participation of <a href="/wiki/Ilham_Aliyev" title="Ilham Aliyev">Ilham Aliyev</a> and <a href="/wiki/Recep_Tayyip_Erdo%C4%9Fan" title="Recep Tayyip Erdoğan">Recep Tayyip Erdoğan</a>. Since the beginning of the project, US$1 392.8 million has been allocated to finance the Azerbaijani share of the STAR project within the framework of the SOFAZ's budget execution.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 15 July 2021, SOCAR signed a cooperation agreement with <a href="/wiki/Technip_Energies" title="Technip Energies">Technip Energies</a> involving a joint pilot project to produce offshore energy on a <a href="/wiki/Floating_wind_turbine" title="Floating wind turbine">floating wind turbine</a>. Back in April of the same year, Azerbaijan had signed a <a href="/wiki/Memorandum_of_understanding" title="Memorandum of understanding">memorandum of understanding</a> with the <a href="/wiki/International_Finance_Corporation" title="International Finance Corporation">International Finance Corporation</a> (IFC) in order to cooperate on offshore wind development. The cooperation between the two companies is to determine the potential of the countries offshore wind possibilities.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Locations">Locations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SOCAR&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Locations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Az%C9%99rbaycan_D%C3%B6vl%C9%99t_Neft_%C5%9Eirk%C9%99tinin_inzibati_binas%C4%B1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Az%C9%99rbaycan_D%C3%B6vl%C9%99t_Neft_%C5%9Eirk%C9%99tinin_inzibati_binas%C4%B1.jpg/220px-Az%C9%99rbaycan_D%C3%B6vl%C9%99t_Neft_%C5%9Eirk%C9%99tinin_inzibati_binas%C4%B1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="129" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Az%C9%99rbaycan_D%C3%B6vl%C9%99t_Neft_%C5%9Eirk%C9%99tinin_inzibati_binas%C4%B1.jpg/330px-Az%C9%99rbaycan_D%C3%B6vl%C9%99t_Neft_%C5%9Eirk%C9%99tinin_inzibati_binas%C4%B1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Az%C9%99rbaycan_D%C3%B6vl%C9%99t_Neft_%C5%9Eirk%C9%99tinin_inzibati_binas%C4%B1.jpg/440px-Az%C9%99rbaycan_D%C3%B6vl%C9%99t_Neft_%C5%9Eirk%C9%99tinin_inzibati_binas%C4%B1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4496" data-file-height="2645" /></a><figcaption>SOCAR's previous Head Office on Azneft Square in downtown Baku, named after historical "Azneft" ("AzOil") trust</figcaption></figure> <p>SOCAR's headquarters are located in a 42-floor <a href="/wiki/SOCAR_Tower" title="SOCAR Tower">SOCAR Tower</a> which was under construction since 2010 and completed in late 2016. It is the tallest skyscraper in the <a href="/wiki/Caucasus" title="Caucasus">Caucasus</a> with 209m of height. Apart from the head office, SOCAR's supporting offices are dispersed across the city. </p><p>The first representative office of SOCAR was established in <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a> in 1994. Now the company has offices in <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frankfurt" title="Frankfurt">Frankfurt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Geneva" title="Geneva">Geneva</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vienna" title="Vienna">Vienna</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bucharest" title="Bucharest">Bucharest</a>, <a href="/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul">Istanbul</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kyiv" title="Kyiv">Kyiv</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tbilisi" title="Tbilisi">Tbilisi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nur-Sultan" class="mw-redirect" title="Nur-Sultan">Astana</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tehran" title="Tehran">Tehran</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Accidents">Accidents</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SOCAR&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Accidents"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 17 August 2013, a <a href="/wiki/Blowout_(well_drilling)" title="Blowout (well drilling)">gas blowout</a> occurred at the platform No.90 of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bulla_Deniz_field&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bulla Deniz field (page does not exist)">Bulla Deniz field</a>. As a result, the platform burned from 17 August to 24 October 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-azernews241013_68-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-azernews241013-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 23 October 2014, four workers were killed, and three workers were in injured when during repair works on the platform No. 441 at the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Narimanov_field&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Narimanov field (page does not exist)">Narimanov field</a> a small wagon-house fell into the sea which damaged a gas pipeline and caused a fire.<sup id="cite_ref-upstream031114_69-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-upstream031114-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-upi031114_70-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-upi031114-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Altogether, fourteen SOCAR's workers were killed in oil and gas platforms accidents in 2014.<sup id="cite_ref-reuters051215_71-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-reuters051215-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 4 December 2015, three workers of SOCAR were reported missing after part of the living quarters at <a href="/wiki/Oil_Rocks" class="mw-redirect" title="Oil Rocks">Oil Rocks</a> fell into the sea due to a heavy storm.<sup id="cite_ref-upstream041215_72-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-upstream041215-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the same day, seven workers were killed, 23 reported missing, and 33 were rescued and evacuated when a <a href="/wiki/Gunashli_Platform_No.10_fire" title="Gunashli Platform No.10 fire">fire broke out on the platform No. 10</a> at the western section of the <a href="/wiki/Gunashli_oilfield" title="Gunashli oilfield">Gunashli oilfield</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-reuters051215_71-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-reuters051215-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-cihan_73-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cihan-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-bloomberg051215_74-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bloomberg051215-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (As of January 2016, a total of 10 bodies have been found, leaving 20 people unaccounted for.) </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Corruption_and_controversies">Corruption and controversies</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SOCAR&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Corruption and controversies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>SOCAR is often associated with the widespread <a href="/wiki/Corruption" title="Corruption">corruption</a> in Azerbaijan. In a 2011 survey by <a href="/wiki/Transparency_International" title="Transparency International">Transparency International</a> concerning the anti-corruption practices of 44 oil companies, SOCAR ranked last.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Frank_Schwabe" title="Frank Schwabe">Frank Schwabe</a>, a member of the German <a href="/wiki/Bundestag" title="Bundestag">Bundestag</a> and member of the <a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_Assembly_of_the_Council_of_Europe" title="Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe">Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe</a>, sees SOCAR as a "central steering instrument for the foreign policy and sports policy of the authoritarian president of Azerbaijan."<sup id="cite_ref-dlf_76-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dlf-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> SOCAR is considered "well-connected" in Germany and plays a role in the wake of revelations about lobbying and corruption in connection with the <a href="/wiki/Azerbaijani_laundromat" title="Azerbaijani laundromat">Azerbaijani laundromat</a>. The state-owned company supports, among other things, annual symposia organized by the Azerbaijani Embassy in Berlin and the German-Azerbaijani Forum association (DAF).<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-rnd_78-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rnd-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bribery_and_illegal_payments">Bribery and illegal payments</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SOCAR&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Bribery and illegal payments"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1997/1998, the government of Azerbaijan was in the process of privatizing SOCAR. In 2009 Frederic Bourke, founder of <a href="/wiki/Dooney_%26_Bourke" title="Dooney & Bourke">Dooney & Bourke</a> and <a href="/wiki/Viktor_Ko%C5%BEen%C3%BD" title="Viktor Kožený">Viktor Kožený</a> were convicted by a court in Manhattan on paying bribes to the former president of Azerbaijan, <a href="/wiki/Heydar_Aliyev" title="Heydar Aliyev">Heydar Aliyev</a>, his son and first vice-president of SOCAR at that time <a href="/wiki/Ilham_Aliyev" title="Ilham Aliyev">Ilham Aliyev</a> and other Azerbaijani government leaders to induce them to rig the privatization of SOCAR in Bourke’s and Kožený's favor. Bourke denied knowing about the bribes, while Kožený admitted bribing Azerbaijani leaders. According to the indictment, the total amount of bribes reached 11 million dollars.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to a confidential ethics report, in 2013 SOCAR secretly funded a trip to a conference in Baku for 10 U.S. members of Congress and 32 of their staff. Three former senior advisers to then-President <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a> appeared as speakers at the event. The congressmen and their staff had their travel expenses and luxury gifts paid for by SOCAR worth hundreds of thousands of dollars. SOCAR allegedly funneled $750,000 in funds through nonprofit companies based in the United States to disguise the origin of the funds. Members of Congress participating in the trip later stated that they had not known that the trip had been funded by SOCAR. SOCAR itself stated that its sponsorship had never been a secret.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2017, it became known that SOCAR had made illegal payments totaling 28,000 euros to the <a href="/wiki/Christian_Democratic_Union_of_Germany" title="Christian Democratic Union of Germany">Christian Democratic Union of Germany</a> district association in <a href="/wiki/Frankfurt" title="Frankfurt">Frankfurt</a> in 2012. By accepting the donations, the party violated the Political Parties Act, as corporate donations from non-EU countries are prohibited. The case led to a years-long legal dispute with the Bundestag administration, of which the public did not learn.<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-rnd_78-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rnd-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2018, it became known that SOCAR paid a controversial donation of 3,000 euros to the German sports club "TuS Dexheim" in 2014. The donation was organized by the then-mayor of Oppenheim and former <a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_of_Germany" title="Social Democratic Party of Germany">Social Democratic Party of Germany</a> member of the Bundestag <a href="/wiki/Marcus_Held" title="Marcus Held">Marcus Held</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Embezzlement">Embezzlement</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SOCAR&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Embezzlement"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Two SOCAR subsidiaries embezzled $1.7 billion as part of a contract with BP to expand its operations in the Shah Deniz gas field. The embezzled funds were supposed to go to Azerbaijan's public coffers.<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Murder_of_Maltese_journalist_Daphne_Caruana_Galizia">Murder of Maltese journalist Daphne Caruana Galizia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SOCAR&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Murder of Maltese journalist Daphne Caruana Galizia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>SOCAR is also part of corruption revelations that led to the murder of Maltese investigative journalist <a href="/wiki/Daphne_Caruana_Galizia" title="Daphne Caruana Galizia">Daphne Caruana Galizia</a> in October 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-publiceye_90-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-publiceye-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The former head of Electrogas, a Maltese-Azerbaijan-German company part-owned by SOCAR, is in custody as a main suspect in connection with the murder.<sup id="cite_ref-dlf_76-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dlf-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-dlf2_91-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dlf2-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In April 2021, a Swiss court dismissed a lawsuit by SOCAR, in which Azerbaijan's state-owned company sought to prevent the disclosure of bank information to Latvian police. Latvia is investigating suspicious payments of about 28 million euros by Azerbaijani-controlled <a href="/wiki/Shell_corporation" title="Shell corporation">shell companies</a> linked to an agreement between the Maltese government and SOCAR. The agreement became public during the investigative research of murdered journalist Daphne Caruana Galizia.<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Latvian authorities were able to force Swiss banks to release banking information about SOCAR in connection with the investigation of an international <a href="/wiki/Money_laundering" title="Money laundering">money laundering</a> scandal.<sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-dlf_76-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dlf-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="War_propaganda">War propaganda</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SOCAR&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: War propaganda"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2020, SOCAR came under criticism after it publicly engaged in war <a href="/wiki/Propaganda" title="Propaganda">propaganda</a> against <a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia">Armenia</a> on behalf of the Azerbaijani government during the 44-day <a href="/wiki/2020_Nagorno-Karabakh_war" class="mw-redirect" title="2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war">Nagorno-Karabakh war</a> between Armenia and Azerbaijan.<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-dlf_76-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dlf-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-dlf2_91-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dlf2-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sponsorship">Sponsorship</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SOCAR&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Sponsorship"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Since 2012, SOCAR has sought to avoid U.S. sanctions aimed at Iran, its partner in a 28 billion dollar Caspian Sea natural gas project. <sup id="cite_ref-wp_96-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wp-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-hc_97-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hc-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> SOCAR funded an all-expenses-paid US-Azerbaijan "energy conference" in Baku for 10 members of Congress and 32 staff members, which took place on 28 and 29 May 2013. It used two Houston based non-profit organizations, the <a href="/wiki/Assembly_of_the_Friends_of_Azerbaijan" title="Assembly of the Friends of Azerbaijan">Assembly of the Friends of Azerbaijan</a> (AFAZ) and the Turquoise Council of Americans and Eurasians, both run by Kemal Oksuz, as conduits.<sup id="cite_ref-wp_96-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wp-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In May 2013, <a href="/wiki/UEFA" title="UEFA">UEFA</a> announced that SOCAR is an Official Sponsor of the 2016 UEFA European Football Championship final tournament, and acquires rights in connection with the European Qualifiers, which run from 2014 to 2017, and which relate to the qualification matches for <a href="/wiki/UEFA_Euro_2016" title="UEFA Euro 2016">UEFA Euro 2016</a> and the <a href="/wiki/2018_FIFA_World_Cup" title="2018 FIFA World Cup">2018 FIFA World Cup</a>. SOCAR also becomes an Official Sponsor of the 2016 UEFA European Under-17 Football Championship, which will take place in Azerbaijan.<sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In September 2014, SOCAR signed an agreement to become an Official Partner of <a href="/wiki/2015_European_Games" title="2015 European Games">Baku 2015 European Games</a><sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> SOCAR is the sponsor of <a href="/wiki/Association_of_Football_Federations_of_Azerbaijan" title="Association of Football Federations of Azerbaijan">Association of Football Federations of Azerbaijan</a> and Azerbaijani football club <a href="/wiki/Neftchi_Baku" class="mw-redirect" title="Neftchi Baku">Neftchi Baku</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>SOCAR became the title sponsor and official partner for the <a href="/wiki/2019_Azerbaijan_Grand_Prix" title="2019 Azerbaijan Grand Prix">2019 Formula 1 Azerbaijan Grand Prix</a> event held in <a href="/wiki/Baku" title="Baku">Baku</a>. To date, a one-year sponsorship agreement has been made.<sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2021, the UEFA quietly terminated its partnership with SOCAR without informing the public, after criticism of the sponsorship had grown stronger.<sup id="cite_ref-dlf2_91-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dlf2-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 31 July 2022, SOCAR became the energy & chest sponsor of Turkish giants <a href="/wiki/Galatasaray_S.K._(football)" title="Galatasaray S.K. (football)">Galatasaray</a> in European competition matches for next three seasons, starting from 2023 to 24 season.<sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-105" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-106" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SOCAR&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rovnag_Abdullayev" title="Rovnag Abdullayev">Rovnag Abdullayev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adnan_Ahmadzada" title="Adnan Ahmadzada">Adnan Ahmadzada</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SOCAR&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FR2022-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FR2022_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FR2022_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FR2022_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FR2022_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FR2022_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.socar.az/en/page/financial-reports">"SOCAR, Consolidated Financial Statements (IFRS), 31 December 2022"</a>. SOCAR. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230929002308/https://www.socar.az/en/page/financial-reports">Archived</a> from the original on 29 September 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 February</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=SOCAR%2C+Consolidated+Financial+Statements+%28IFRS%29%2C+31+December+2022&rft.pub=SOCAR&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.socar.az%2Fen%2Fpage%2Ffinancial-reports&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASOCAR" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.socar.az/socar/assets/documents/en/socar-annual-reports/annual_report2017.pdf">"Archived copy"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190425063359/http://www.socar.az/socar/assets/documents/en/socar-annual-reports/annual_report2017.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 25 April 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 April</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Archived+copy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.socar.az%2Fsocar%2Fassets%2Fdocuments%2Fen%2Fsocar-annual-reports%2Fannual_report2017.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASOCAR" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_archived_copy_as_title" title="Category:CS1 maint: archived copy as title">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAltstadt2017" class="citation book cs1">Altstadt, Audrey L. (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=RgbRDgAAQBAJ"><i>Frustrated Democracy in Post-Soviet Azerbaijan</i></a>. Columbia University Press. pp. <span class="nowrap">114–</span>120. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-231-80141-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-231-80141-6"><bdi>978-0-231-80141-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Frustrated+Democracy+in+Post-Soviet+Azerbaijan&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E114-%3C%2Fspan%3E120&rft.pub=Columbia+University+Press&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=978-0-231-80141-6&rft.aulast=Altstadt&rft.aufirst=Audrey+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DRgbRDgAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASOCAR" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRoss2012" class="citation book cs1">Ross, Michael (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=jUuSO0F9oIMC"><i>The Oil Curse: How Petroleum Wealth Shapes the Development of Nations</i></a>. Princeton University Press. p. 60. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-691-14545-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-691-14545-7"><bdi>978-0-691-14545-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Oil+Curse%3A+How+Petroleum+Wealth+Shapes+the+Development+of+Nations&rft.pages=60&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-0-691-14545-7&rft.aulast=Ross&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DjUuSO0F9oIMC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASOCAR" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGillies2019" class="citation book cs1">Gillies, Alexandra (20 December 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=EZjFDwAAQBAJ"><i>Crude Intentions: How Oil Corruption Contaminates the World</i></a>. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-094072-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-094072-0"><bdi>978-0-19-094072-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Crude+Intentions%3A+How+Oil+Corruption+Contaminates+the+World&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2019-12-20&rft.isbn=978-0-19-094072-0&rft.aulast=Gillies&rft.aufirst=Alexandra&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DEZjFDwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASOCAR" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWaal2018" class="citation book cs1">Waal, Thomas de (2 November 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=8dp1DwAAQBAJ"><i>The Caucasus: An Introduction</i></a>. Oxford University Press. pp. <span class="nowrap">185–</span>186, <span class="nowrap">226–</span>229. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-068311-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-068311-5"><bdi>978-0-19-068311-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Caucasus%3A+An+Introduction&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E185-%3C%2Fspan%3E186%2C+%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E226-%3C%2Fspan%3E229&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2018-11-02&rft.isbn=978-0-19-068311-5&rft.aulast=Waal&rft.aufirst=Thomas+de&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D8dp1DwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASOCAR" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCornell2015" class="citation book cs1">Cornell, Svante E. 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Routledge. pp. <span class="nowrap">210–</span>211, 235. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-317-47621-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-317-47621-4"><bdi>978-1-317-47621-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Azerbaijan+Since+Independence&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E210-%3C%2Fspan%3E211%2C+235&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-1-317-47621-4&rft.aulast=Cornell&rft.aufirst=Svante+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DTaZzCQAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASOCAR" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=whVDskeHl2YC"><i>Azerbaijan Since Independence</i></a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 June</span> 2016</span> – via Google Books.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Azerbaijan+Since+Independence&rft.pub=M.E.+Sharpe&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=9780765630049&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DwhVDskeHl2YC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASOCAR" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-History-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-History_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-History_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170808050704/http://www.azerbaijan.az/portal/StatePower/Committee/committeeConcern_01_e.html">"Azerbaijan portal"</a>. <i>azerbaijan.az</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 October</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=azerbaijan.az&rft.atitle=Azerbaijan+portal&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.azerbaijan.az%2Fportal%2FStatePower%2FCommittee%2FcommitteeConcern_01_e.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASOCAR" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141124024254/http://new.socar.az/socar/en/company/about-socar/history-of-socar">"History of SOCAR, Official web page of the company, retrieved on July 7, 2015"</a>. <i>socar.az</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 October</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=socar.az&rft.atitle=History+of+SOCAR%2C+Official+web+page+of+the+company%2C+retrieved+on+July+7%2C+2015&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnew.socar.az%2Fsocar%2Fen%2Fcompany%2Fabout-socar%2Fhistory-of-socar&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASOCAR" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="socar.az" class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://president.az/az/articles/view/56709">"R.Ç.Nəcəfin Azərbaycan Respublikası Dövlət Neft Şirkətinin prezidenti təyin edilməsi haqqında Azərbaycan Respublikası Prezidentinin Sərəncamı"</a>. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://president.az/az">https://president.az/az</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 July</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=R.%C3%87.N%C9%99c%C9%99fin+Az%C9%99rbaycan+Respublikas%C4%B1+D%C3%B6vl%C9%99t+Neft+%C5%9Eirk%C9%99tinin+prezidenti+t%C9%99yin+edilm%C9%99si+haqq%C4%B1nda+Az%C9%99rbaycan+Respublikas%C4%B1+Prezidentinin+S%C9%99r%C9%99ncam%C4%B1&rft.pages=https%3A%2F%2Fpresident.az%2Faz&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpresident.az%2Faz%2Farticles%2Fview%2F56709&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASOCAR" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://minenergy.gov.az/en/">"Today is the memorial day for late Minister of Energy Natig Aliyev"</a>. <i>Ministry of Energy of Azerbaijan</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 March</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ministry+of+Energy+of+Azerbaijan&rft.atitle=Today+is+the+memorial+day+for+late+Minister+of+Energy+Natig+Aliyev&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fminenergy.gov.az%2Fen%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASOCAR" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aa.com.tr/en/energy/international-organization/rovshan-najaf-appointed-as-socar-president/35883">"Rovshan Najaf appointed as SOCAR President"</a>. <i>Anadolu Agency</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Cambridge University Press. pp. 23, 205. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-107-13860-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-107-13860-5"><bdi>978-1-107-13860-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Institutions+Curse%3A+Natural+Resources%2C+Politics%2C+and+Development&rft.pages=23%2C+205&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=978-1-107-13860-5&rft.aulast=Menaldo&rft.aufirst=Victor&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cambridge.org%2Fcore%2Fbooks%2Finstitutions-curse%2F36F776889C86BD36D6FAC713D8CC1422&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASOCAR" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.caspianpolicy.org/bp-socar-to-begin-exploratory-drilling-in-shafag-asiman-gas-field-in-caspian/">"BP, Socar to Begin Exploratory Drilling in Shafag-Asoman Gas Field in Caspian"</a>. <i>Caspian Policy Center</i>. 16 January 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200922022220/https://www.caspianpolicy.org/bp-socar-to-begin-exploratory-drilling-in-shafag-asiman-gas-field-in-caspian/">Archived</a> from the original on 22 September 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 April</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=AzerNews&rft.atitle=Petrofac-SOCAR+JV+to+service+Absheron+field&rft.date=2019-08-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.azernews.az%2Foil_and_gas%2F154987.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASOCAR" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bp.com/en_az/azerbaijan/home/who-we-are/operationsprojects/shafag-asiman.html">"Shafag-Asiman"</a>. <i>BP</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200513075731/https://www.bp.com/en_az/azerbaijan/home/who-we-are/operationsprojects/shafag-asiman.html">Archived</a> from the original on 13 May 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 April</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BP&rft.atitle=Shafag-Asiman&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bp.com%2Fen_az%2Fazerbaijan%2Fhome%2Fwho-we-are%2Foperationsprojects%2Fshafag-asiman.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASOCAR" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.azernews.az/oil_and_gas/114149.html">"SWAP to contribute to nearshore exploration success in Caspian basin"</a>. <i>AzerNews</i>. 2 June 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170629033442/https://www.azernews.az/oil_and_gas/114149.html">Archived</a> from the original on 29 June 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=AzerNews&rft.atitle=SWAP+to+contribute+to+nearshore+exploration+success+in+Caspian+basin&rft.date=2017-06-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.azernews.az%2Foil_and_gas%2F114149.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASOCAR" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bp.com/az_az/caspian/press/pressreleases/SOCAR-BP-sign-principles-of-agreement.html">"SOCAR və ABƏŞ AÇG yatağının 2050-ci ilədək gələcək işlənməsinə dair razılaşmanın prinsiplərini imzaladılar"</a> (Press release) (in Azerbaijani). BP. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170112213250/http://www.bp.com/az_az/caspian/press/pressreleases/SOCAR-BP-sign-principles-of-agreement.html">Archived</a> from the original on 12 January 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 September</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=SOCAR+v%C9%99+AB%C6%8F%C5%9E+A%C3%87G+yata%C4%9F%C4%B1n%C4%B1n+2050-ci+il%C9%99d%C9%99k+g%C9%99l%C9%99c%C9%99k+i%C5%9Fl%C9%99nm%C9%99sin%C9%99+dair+raz%C4%B1la%C5%9Fman%C4%B1n+prinsipl%C9%99rini+imzalad%C4%B1lar&rft.pub=BP&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bp.com%2Faz_az%2Fcaspian%2Fpress%2Fpressreleases%2FSOCAR-BP-sign-principles-of-agreement.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASOCAR" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:0_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bp.com/en/global/corporate/media/press-releases/the-azerbaijan-government-and-co-venturers-sign-amended-and-restated-azeri-chirag-deepwater-gunashli-psa.html">"The Azerbaijan government and co-venturers sign amended and restated Azeri-Chirag-Deepwater Gunashli PSA"</a> (Press release). BP. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170918163852/http://www.bp.com/en/global/corporate/media/press-releases/the-azerbaijan-government-and-co-venturers-sign-amended-and-restated-azeri-chirag-deepwater-gunashli-psa.html">Archived</a> from the original on 18 September 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 September</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Azerbaijan+government+and+co-venturers+sign+amended+and+restated+Azeri-Chirag-Deepwater+Gunashli+PSA&rft.pub=BP&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bp.com%2Fen%2Fglobal%2Fcorporate%2Fmedia%2Fpress-releases%2Fthe-azerbaijan-government-and-co-venturers-sign-amended-and-restated-azeri-chirag-deepwater-gunashli-psa.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASOCAR" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://resourceglobalnetwork.com/2017/09/14/bp-and-partners-sign-azerbaijan-oil-field-extension-deal/">"Resource Global Network | BP and partners sign Azerbaijan oil field extension deal"</a>. <i>resourceglobalnetwork.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201101160127/http://resourceglobalnetwork.com/2017/09/14/bp-and-partners-sign-azerbaijan-oil-field-extension-deal/">Archived</a> from the original on 1 November 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 September</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=resourceglobalnetwork.com&rft.atitle=Resource+Global+Network+%7C+BP+and+partners+sign+Azerbaijan+oil+field+extension+deal&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fresourceglobalnetwork.com%2F2017%2F09%2F14%2Fbp-and-partners-sign-azerbaijan-oil-field-extension-deal%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASOCAR" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/reuters/2019/04/19/business/19reuters-bp-azerbaijan-acg.html">"BP, SOCAR Sign Deal to Build New Azeri Oil Exploration Platform"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. Reuters. 19 April 2019. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190423103912/https://www.nytimes.com/reuters/2019/04/19/business/19reuters-bp-azerbaijan-acg.html">Archived</a> from the original on 23 April 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 April</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=BP%2C+SOCAR+Sign+Deal+to+Build+New+Azeri+Oil+Exploration+Platform&rft.date=2019-04-19&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2Freuters%2F2019%2F04%2F19%2Fbusiness%2F19reuters-bp-azerbaijan-acg.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASOCAR" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBagirova2019" class="citation news cs1">Bagirova, Nailia (19 April 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-bp-azerbaijan-acg-idUSKCN1RV0G0">"BP, SOCAR sign deal to build new Azeri oil exploration platform"</a>. <i>Reuters</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190423102211/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-bp-azerbaijan-acg-idUSKCN1RV0G0">Archived</a> from the original on 23 April 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 April</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=BP%2C+SOCAR+sign+deal+to+build+new+Azeri+oil+exploration+platform&rft.date=2019-04-19&rft.aulast=Bagirova&rft.aufirst=Nailia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-bp-azerbaijan-acg-idUSKCN1RV0G0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASOCAR" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ft.com/content/6647ece0-6291-11e9-a27a-fdd51850994c">"BP leads $6bn of fresh investment in Azeri oil project"</a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Financial_Times" title="Financial Times">Financial Times</a></i>. 19 April 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190420124022/https://www.ft.com/content/6647ece0-6291-11e9-a27a-fdd51850994c">Archived</a> from the original on 20 April 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 April</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Financial+Times&rft.atitle=BP+leads+%246bn+of+fresh+investment+in+Azeri+oil+project&rft.date=2019-04-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ft.com%2Fcontent%2F6647ece0-6291-11e9-a27a-fdd51850994c&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASOCAR" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.arabnews.com/node/1485046/business-economy">"BP and SOCAR sign new Azeri oil deal"</a>. <i>Arab News</i>. 19 April 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190423102214/http://www.arabnews.com/node/1485046/business-economy">Archived</a> from the original on 23 April 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 October</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=socar.az&rft.atitle=SOCAR+Activities%2C+Refining%2C+Gas+Processing+Plant&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnew.socar.az%2Fsocar%2Fen%2Factivities%2Frefining%2Fgas-processing-plant&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASOCAR" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hydrocarbonengineering.com/refining/03022021/maire-tecnimont-and-socar-sign-epc-contracts-for-refining-units-in-baku/">"Maire Tecnimont and SOCAR sign EPC contracts for refining units in Baku"</a>. <i>Hydrocarbon Engineering</i>. 3 February 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 March</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Hydrocarbon+Engineering&rft.atitle=Maire+Tecnimont+and+SOCAR+sign+EPC+contracts+for+refining+units+in+Baku&rft.date=2021-02-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hydrocarbonengineering.com%2Frefining%2F03022021%2Fmaire-tecnimont-and-socar-sign-epc-contracts-for-refining-units-in-baku%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASOCAR" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hydrocarbonengineering.com/refining/24012022/socar-signs-license-and-design-agreements-with-axens/">"SOCAR signs license and design agreements with Axens"</a>. <i>Hydrocarbon Engineering</i>. 24 January 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 March</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Hydrocarbon+Engineering&rft.atitle=SOCAR+signs+license+and+design+agreements+with+Axens&rft.date=2022-01-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hydrocarbonengineering.com%2Frefining%2F24012022%2Fsocar-signs-license-and-design-agreements-with-axens%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASOCAR" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAzerNews2014" class="citation web cs1">AzerNews (24 March 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.azernews.az/oil_and_gas/65452.html">"SOCAR opens more filling stations in Georgia, Romania"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160709183817/http://www.azernews.az/oil_and_gas/65452.html">Archived</a> from the original on 9 July 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 June</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=SOCAR+opens+more+filling+stations+in+Georgia%2C+Romania&rft.date=2014-03-24&rft.au=AzerNews&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.azernews.az%2Foil_and_gas%2F65452.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASOCAR" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304113927/http://abc.az/eng/news/74638.html">"Number of SOCAR petrol stations in Romania exceeds company's filling station net in Azerbaijan"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://abc.az/eng/news/74638.html">the original</a> on 4 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 June</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Number+of+SOCAR+petrol+stations+in+Romania+exceeds+company%27s+filling+station+net+in+Azerbaijan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fabc.az%2Feng%2Fnews%2F74638.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASOCAR" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://en.apa.az/xeber_socar___s_filling_stations_in_ukraine_reac_217660.html">"SOCAR's filling stations in Ukraine reach 40"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160305010254/http://en.apa.az/xeber_socar___s_filling_stations_in_ukraine_reac_217660.html">Archived</a> from the original on 5 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 June</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=SOCAR%27s+filling+stations+in+Ukraine+reach+40&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fen.apa.az%2Fxeber_socar___s_filling_stations_in_ukraine_reac_217660.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASOCAR" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://govnet.ro/Investments/Economics/SOCAR-expands-its-gas-station-network-and-plans-new-investments">"SOCAR expands its gas station network and plans new investments"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304234805/http://govnet.ro/Investments/Economics/SOCAR-expands-its-gas-station-network-and-plans-new-investments">Archived</a> from the original on 4 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 June</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=SOCAR+expands+its+gas+station+network+and+plans+new+investments&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgovnet.ro%2FInvestments%2FEconomics%2FSOCAR-expands-its-gas-station-network-and-plans-new-investments&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASOCAR" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140922021012/http://new.socar.az/socar/en/news-and-media/news-archives/news-archives/id/7672">"SOCAR opens its 30th filling station in Romania, SOCAR News archive, 17 September 2014, access date: 7 July 2015"</a>. <i>socar.az</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://new.socar.az/socar/en/news-and-media/news-archives/news-archives/id/7672">the original</a> on 22 September 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Auto+%26+Wirtschaft&rft.atitle=SOCAR+er%C3%B6ffnet+erste+Tankstelle&rft.date=2012-09-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fauto-wirtschaft.ch%2Fnews%2F2959-swcar-eroffnet-erste-tankstelle&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASOCAR" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://socar.az/socar/en/news-and-media/news-archives/news-archives/2012/09/26">"SOCAR opens its first premium service station in Switzerland"</a>. <i>SOCAR</i>. 26 September 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210204232707/http://socar.az/socar/en/news-and-media/news-archives/news-archives/2012/09/26">Archived</a> from the original on 4 February 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=SOCAR&rft.atitle=SOCAR+opens+its+first+premium+service+station+in+Switzerland&rft.date=2012-09-26&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsocar.az%2Fsocar%2Fen%2Fnews-and-media%2Fnews-archives%2Fnews-archives%2F2012%2F09%2F26&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASOCAR" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.azernews.az/business/181948.html">"SOCAR to build electrolysis plant in Switzerland"</a>. <i>Azernews.Az</i>. 6 August 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 April</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=APA+Group&rft.atitle=SOCAR+signs+as+Official+Sponsor+for+UEFA+European+Football+Championship&rft.date=2013-05-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapa.az%2Fen%2Ffootball_news_azerbaijan_football%2Fnews__socar_signs_as_official_sponsor_for_uef_-193060&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASOCAR" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-102"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-102">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://vestnikkavkaza.net/news/SOCAR-becomes-title-sponsor-of-F1-Azerbaijan-Grand-Prix-2019.html">"SOCAR becomes title sponsor of F1 Azerbaijan Grand Prix 2019"</a>. <i>vestnikkavkaza.net</i>. 23 April 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190525133710/http://vestnikkavkaza.net/news/SOCAR-becomes-title-sponsor-of-F1-Azerbaijan-Grand-Prix-2019.html">Archived</a> from the original on 25 May 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 May</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=vestnikkavkaza.net&rft.atitle=SOCAR+becomes+title+sponsor+of+F1+Azerbaijan+Grand+Prix+2019&rft.date=2019-04-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fvestnikkavkaza.net%2Fnews%2FSOCAR-becomes-title-sponsor-of-F1-Azerbaijan-Grand-Prix-2019.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASOCAR" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-103">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.galatasaray.org/haber/kulup/galatasaray-ve-socar-dan-dev-is-birligi-anlasmasi/53533">"Galatasaray ve SOCAR'dan dev iş birliği anlaşması"</a> (in Turkish). Galatasaray S.K. 11 July 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 July</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Galatasaray+ve+SOCAR%27dan+dev+i%C5%9F+birli%C4%9Fi+anla%C5%9Fmas%C4%B1&rft.pub=Galatasaray+S.K.&rft.date=2023-07-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.galatasaray.org%2Fhaber%2Fkulup%2Fgalatasaray-ve-socar-dan-dev-is-birligi-anlasmasi%2F53533&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASOCAR" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-104"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-104">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.galatasaray.org/haber/kulup/galatasaray-ile-socar-arasindaki-sponsorluk-anlasmasinin-imza-toreni-gerceklestirildi/53643">"Galatasaray ile SOCAR arasındaki sponsorluk anlaşmasının imza töreni gerçekleştirildi"</a> (in Turkish). Galatasaray S.K. 31 July 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 July</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Galatasaray+ile+SOCAR+aras%C4%B1ndaki+sponsorluk+anla%C5%9Fmas%C4%B1n%C4%B1n+imza+t%C3%B6reni+ger%C3%A7ekle%C5%9Ftirildi&rft.pub=Galatasaray+S.K.&rft.date=2023-07-31&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.galatasaray.org%2Fhaber%2Fkulup%2Fgalatasaray-ile-socar-arasindaki-sponsorluk-anlasmasinin-imza-toreni-gerceklestirildi%2F53643&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASOCAR" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-105"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-105">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.socar.az/en/post/socar-becomes-the-energy-sponsor-and-the-uniform-sponsor-of-galatasaray-in-the-euro-cups">"SOCAR becomes the energy sponsor and the uniform sponsor of Galatasaray in the Euro Cups"</a>. <i>www.socar.az</i>. SOCAR<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 August</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.socar.az&rft.atitle=SOCAR+becomes+the+energy+sponsor+and+the+uniform+sponsor+of+Galatasaray+in+the+Euro+Cups&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.socar.az%2Fen%2Fpost%2Fsocar-becomes-the-energy-sponsor-and-the-uniform-sponsor-of-galatasaray-in-the-euro-cups&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASOCAR" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-106"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-106">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.socar.com.tr/press-release/socar-and-galatasaray-sign-sponsorship-deal">"SOCAR and Galatasaray Sign Sponsorship Deal"</a>. <i>www.socar.com.tr</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 July</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.socar.com.tr&rft.atitle=SOCAR+and+Galatasaray+Sign+Sponsorship+Deal&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.socar.com.tr%2Fpress-release%2Fsocar-and-galatasaray-sign-sponsorship-deal&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASOCAR" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SOCAR&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px 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class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/60px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:SOCAR" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:SOCAR">SOCAR</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.socar.az">Official website</a></span></span> <span class="languageicon">(in Azerbaijani and English)</span></li></ul> <div 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href="/wiki/Template:Energy_in_Azerbaijan" title="Template:Energy in Azerbaijan"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Energy_in_Azerbaijan" title="Template talk:Energy in Azerbaijan"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Energy_in_Azerbaijan" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Energy in Azerbaijan"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Energy_in_Azerbaijan97" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Energy_in_Azerbaijan" title="Energy in Azerbaijan">Energy in Azerbaijan</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Petroleum_industry_in_Azerbaijan" title="Petroleum industry in Azerbaijan">Oil and gas</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Onshore</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Petroleum_industry_in_Azerbaijan#First_oil_boom" title="Petroleum industry in Azerbaijan">Absheron fields</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Offshore</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Absheron_gas_field" title="Absheron gas field">Absheron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azeri%E2%80%93Chirag%E2%80%93Gunashli" title="Azeri–Chirag–Gunashli">ACG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azeri_oilfield" title="Azeri oilfield">Azeri</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alov_oilfield&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alov oilfield (page does not exist)">Alov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashrafi_field" title="Ashrafi field">Ashrafi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Babek_gas_field&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Babek gas field (page does not exist)">Babek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahar_oilfield" title="Bahar oilfield">Bahar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chirag_oilfield" title="Chirag oilfield">Chirag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dan_Ulduzu_field" title="Dan Ulduzu field">Dan Ulduzu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darwin_Bank" title="Darwin Bank">Darwin Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gum_Deniz_oilfield" title="Gum Deniz oilfield">Gum Deniz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gunashli_oilfield" title="Gunashli oilfield">Gunashli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karabakh_oilfield" title="Karabakh oilfield">Karabakh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nakhchivan_field" title="Nakhchivan field">Nakhchivan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shafag-Asiman_gas_field" title="Shafag-Asiman gas field">Shafag-Asiman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shah_Deniz_gas_field" title="Shah Deniz gas field">Shah Deniz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shallow_Water_Absheron_Peninsula" title="Shallow Water Absheron Peninsula">Shallow Water Absheron Peninsula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umid_gas_field" title="Umid gas field">Umid</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pipelines</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baku%E2%80%93Novorossiysk_pipeline" title="Baku–Novorossiysk pipeline">Baku–Novorossiysk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baku%E2%80%93Supsa_Pipeline" title="Baku–Supsa Pipeline">Baku–Supsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baku%E2%80%93Tbilisi%E2%80%93Ceyhan_pipeline" title="Baku–Tbilisi–Ceyhan pipeline">Baku–Tbilisi–Ceyhan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Caucasus_Pipeline" title="South Caucasus Pipeline">Baku–Tbilisi–Erzurum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazi_Magomed%E2%80%93Astara%E2%80%93Abadan_pipeline" class="mw-redirect" title="Kazi Magomed–Astara–Abadan pipeline">Kazi Magomed–Astara–Abadan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mozdok%E2%80%93Makhachkala%E2%80%93Kazi_Magomed_pipeline" title="Mozdok–Makhachkala–Kazi Magomed pipeline">Mozdok–Makhachkala–Kazi Magomed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trans-Caspian_Gas_Pipeline" title="Trans-Caspian Gas Pipeline">Trans-Caspian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trans-Caspian_Oil_Transport_System" title="Trans-Caspian Oil Transport System">Trans-Caspian Oil Transport System</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Oil refineries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Heydar_Aliyev_Baku_Oil_Refinery" title="Heydar Aliyev Baku Oil Refinery">Heydar Aliyev Baku Oil Refinery</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Energy companies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan_International_Operating_Company" title="Azerbaijan International Operating Company">AIOC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerenerji" title="Azerenerji">Azerenerji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azpetrol" title="Azpetrol">Azpetrol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Branobel" title="Branobel">Branobel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caspian_International_Petroleum_Company" title="Caspian International Petroleum Company">Caspian International Petroleum Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Absheron_Operating_Company" title="North Absheron Operating Company">North Absheron Operating Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Energy" title="Nobel Energy">Nobel Energy</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">SOCAR</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Aj-map.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Republic of Azerbaijan"><img alt="Republic of Azerbaijan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Aj-map.png/120px-Aj-map.png" decoding="async" width="85" height="91" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Aj-map.png/250px-Aj-map.png 1.5x" data-file-width="325" data-file-height="349" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hydroelectric" class="mw-redirect" title="Hydroelectric">Hydroelectric</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aras_Dam" title="Aras Dam">Araz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khoda_Afarin_Dam" title="Khoda Afarin Dam">Khudafarin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mingechevir_Hydro_Power_Plant" class="mw-redirect" title="Mingechevir Hydro Power Plant">Mingechevir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarsang_Hydro_Power_Plant" title="Sarsang Hydro Power Plant">Sarsang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shamkir_Hydroelectric_Power_Station" title="Shamkir Hydroelectric Power Station">Shamkir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yenikend_Hydroelectric_Power_Station" title="Yenikend Hydroelectric Power Station">Yenikend</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Energy_(Azerbaijan)" title="Ministry of Energy (Azerbaijan)">Ministry of Energy of the Azerbaijan Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_Oil_Fund_of_Azerbaijan" title="State Oil Fund of Azerbaijan">State Oil Fund of Azerbaijan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Petroleum_industry431" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Petroleum_industry" title="Template:Petroleum industry"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Petroleum_industry" title="Template talk:Petroleum industry"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Petroleum_industry" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Petroleum industry"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Petroleum_industry431" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Petroleum_industry" title="Petroleum industry">Petroleum industry</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Petroleum" title="Petroleum">Petroleum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Primary_energy" title="Primary energy">Primary energy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Benchmark_(crude_oil)" title="Benchmark (crude oil)">Benchmarks</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Argus_Sour_Crude_Index" title="Argus Sour Crude Index">Argus Sour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bonny_Light_oil" title="Bonny Light oil">Bonny Light</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brent_Crude" title="Brent Crude">Brent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dubai_Crude" title="Dubai Crude">Dubai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Basket" title="Indian Basket">Indian Basket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesian_Crude_Price" title="Indonesian Crude Price">Indonesian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isthmus-34_Light" title="Isthmus-34 Light">Isthmus-34 Light</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan_Crude_Cocktail" title="Japan Crude Cocktail">Japan Cocktail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OPEC_Reference_Basket" title="OPEC Reference Basket">OPEC Reference Basket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tapis_crude" title="Tapis crude">Tapis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urals_oil" title="Urals oil">Urals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Texas_Intermediate" title="West Texas Intermediate">West Texas Intermediate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Canadian_Select" title="Western Canadian Select">Western Canadian Select</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;">Data</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left; font-weight:normal;">Natural gas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_natural_gas_consumption" title="List of countries by natural gas consumption">Consumption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_natural_gas_production" title="List of countries by natural gas production">Production</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_natural_gas_proven_reserves" title="List of countries by natural gas proven reserves">Reserves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_natural_gas_imports" title="List of countries by natural gas imports">Imports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_natural_gas_exports" title="List of countries by natural gas exports">Exports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natural_gas_prices" title="Natural gas prices">Price</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left; font-weight:normal;">Petroleum</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_oil_consumption" title="List of countries by oil consumption">Consumption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_oil_production" title="List of countries by oil production">Production</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_proven_oil_reserves" title="List of countries by proven oil reserves">Reserves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_oil_imports" title="List of countries by oil imports">Imports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_oil_exports" title="List of countries by oil exports">Exports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Posted_oil_price" title="Posted oil price">Posted oil price</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Price_of_oil" title="Price of oil">Price</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gasoline_and_diesel_usage_and_pricing" title="Gasoline and diesel usage and pricing">of gasoline and diesel</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Hydrocarbon_exploration" title="Hydrocarbon exploration">Exploration</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Core_sample" title="Core sample">Core sampling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exploration_geophysics" title="Exploration geophysics">Geophysics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Integrated_asset_modelling" title="Integrated asset modelling">Integrated asset modelling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petroleum_engineering" title="Petroleum engineering">Petroleum engineering</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Reservoir_simulation" title="Reservoir simulation">Reservoir simulation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reservoir_modeling" title="Reservoir modeling">Reservoir modeling</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petroleum_geology" title="Petroleum geology">Petroleum geology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petrophysics" title="Petrophysics">Petrophysics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reflection_seismology" title="Reflection seismology">Reflection seismology</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Seismic_inversion" title="Seismic inversion">Seismic inversion</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seismic_source" title="Seismic source">Seismic source</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Oil_well" title="Oil well">Drilling</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blowout_(well_drilling)" title="Blowout (well drilling)">Blowout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Completion_(oil_and_gas_wells)" title="Completion (oil and gas wells)">Completion</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Squeeze_job" title="Squeeze job">Squeeze job</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Differential_sticking" title="Differential sticking">Differential sticking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Directional_drilling" title="Directional drilling">Directional drilling</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Geosteering" title="Geosteering">Geosteering</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drill_stem_test" title="Drill stem test">Drill stem test</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drilling_engineering" title="Drilling engineering">Drilling engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drilling_fluid" title="Drilling fluid">Drilling fluid</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Drilling_fluid_invasion" title="Drilling fluid invasion">invasion</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lost_circulation" title="Lost circulation">Lost circulation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Measurement_while_drilling" title="Measurement while drilling">Measurement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shale_oil_extraction" title="Shale oil extraction">Shale oil extraction</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fredrik_Ljungstr%C3%B6m#Shale_oil_extraction" title="Fredrik Ljungström">Ljungström method</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tracer_use_in_the_oil_industry" title="Tracer use in the oil industry">Tracers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Underbalanced_drilling" title="Underbalanced drilling">Underbalanced drilling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Well_logging" title="Well logging">Well logging</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Extraction_of_petroleum" title="Extraction of petroleum">Production</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Petroleum_fiscal_regime" title="Petroleum fiscal regime">Petroleum fiscal regime</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Petroleum_licensing" title="Petroleum licensing">Concessions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Production_sharing_agreement" title="Production sharing agreement">Production sharing agreements</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artificial_lift" title="Artificial lift">Artificial lift</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gas_lift" title="Gas lift">Gas lift</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pumpjack" title="Pumpjack">Pumpjack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Submersible_pump" title="Submersible pump">Submersible pump (ESP)</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Downstream_(petroleum_industry)" title="Downstream (petroleum industry)">Downstream</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enhanced_oil_recovery" title="Enhanced oil recovery">Enhanced oil recovery (EOR)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gas_reinjection" title="Gas reinjection">Gas reinjection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steam_injection_(oil_industry)" title="Steam injection (oil industry)">Steam injection</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midstream" title="Midstream">Midstream</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petroleum_product" title="Petroleum product">Petroleum product</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pipeline" title="Pipeline">Pipeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oil_refinery" title="Oil refinery">Refining</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upstream_(petroleum_industry)" title="Upstream (petroleum industry)">Upstream</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_injection_(oil_production)" title="Water injection (oil production)">Water injection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Well_intervention" title="Well intervention">Well intervention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_tree_(oil_well)" title="Christmas tree (oil well)">XT</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_petroleum_industry" title="History of the petroleum industry">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1967_Oil_Embargo" title="1967 Oil Embargo">1967 Oil Embargo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1973_oil_crisis" title="1973 oil crisis">1973 oil crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1979_oil_crisis" title="1979 oil crisis">1979 oil crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980s_oil_glut" title="1980s oil glut">1980s oil glut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1990_oil_price_shock" title="1990 oil price shock">1990 oil price shock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2000s_energy_crisis" title="2000s energy crisis">2000s energy crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010s_oil_glut" title="2010s oil glut">2010s oil glut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Russia%E2%80%93Saudi_Arabia_oil_price_war" title="2020 Russia–Saudi Arabia oil price war">2020 Russia–Saudi Arabia oil price war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nationalization_of_oil_supplies" title="Nationalization of oil supplies">Nationalization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gas_Exporting_Countries_Forum" title="Gas Exporting Countries Forum">GECF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OPEC" title="OPEC">OPEC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seven_Sisters_(oil_companies)" class="mw-redirect" title="Seven Sisters (oil companies)">Seven Sisters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Standard_Oil" title="Standard Oil">Standard Oil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_petroleum_industry_in_Canada" title="History of the petroleum industry in Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_petroleum_industry_in_France" title="History of the petroleum industry in France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_oil_industry_in_India" title="History of the oil industry in India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petroleum_industry_in_Iraq" title="Petroleum industry in Iraq">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_petroleum_industry_in_Norway" title="History of the petroleum industry in Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_oil_industry_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="History of the oil industry in Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_petroleum_industry_in_the_United_States" title="History of the petroleum industry in the United States">United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Venezuelan_oil_industry" title="History of the Venezuelan oil industry">Venezuela</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;">Provinces<br />and fields</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_natural_gas_fields" title="List of natural gas fields">List of natural gas fields</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_oil_fields" title="List of oil fields">List of oil fields</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caspian_Sea" title="Caspian Sea">Caspian Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Midlands_Oil_Province" title="East Midlands Oil Province">East Midlands Oil Province</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Texas_Oil_Field" title="East Texas Oil Field">East Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Mexico" title="Gulf of Mexico">Gulf of Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niger_Delta#Nigerian_oil" title="Niger Delta">Niger Delta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Sea_oil" title="North Sea oil">North Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Permian_Basin_(North_America)" title="Permian Basin (North America)">Permian Basin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persian_Gulf" title="Persian Gulf">Persian Gulf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prudhoe_Bay_Oil_Field" title="Prudhoe Bay Oil Field">Prudhoe Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oil_reserves_in_Russia" title="Oil reserves in Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oil_reserves_in_Venezuela" title="Oil reserves in Venezuela">Venezuela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Canadian_Sedimentary_Basin" class="mw-redirect" title="Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin">Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;">Other topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_abbreviations_in_oil_and_gas_exploration_and_production" title="List of abbreviations in oil and gas exploration and production">Abbreviations</a></li> <li>Classification <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sweet_crude_oil" title="Sweet crude oil">sweet oil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sour_crude_oil" title="Sour crude oil">sour oil</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oil_shale_gas" title="Oil shale gas">Oil shale gas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orphan_wells" title="Orphan wells">Orphan wells</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peak_oil" title="Peak oil">Peak oil</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fossil_fuel_phase-out" title="Fossil fuel phase-out">fossil fuel phase-out</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Predicting_the_timing_of_peak_oil" title="Predicting the timing of peak oil">timing</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petrocurrency" title="Petrocurrency">Petrocurrency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petrodollar_recycling" title="Petrodollar recycling">Petrodollar recycling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petrofiction" title="Petrofiction">Petrofiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shale_band" title="Shale band">Shale band</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shale_gas" title="Shale gas">Shale gas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swing_producer" title="Swing producer">Swing producer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unconventional_(oil_and_gas)_reservoir" title="Unconventional (oil and gas) reservoir">Unconventional (oil and gas) reservoir</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Heavy_crude_oil" title="Heavy crude oil">heavy crude</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oil_sands" title="Oil sands">oil sands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oil_shale" title="Oil shale">oil shale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tight_oil" title="Tight oil">tight oil</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;">Companies and<br />organisations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Major<br /><a href="/wiki/List_of_oil_exploration_and_production_companies" title="List of oil exploration and production companies">petroleum<br />companies</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left; font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Big_Oil" title="Big Oil">Supermajors</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BP" title="BP">BP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chevron_Corporation" title="Chevron Corporation">Chevron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eni" title="Eni">Eni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ExxonMobil" title="ExxonMobil">ExxonMobil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shell_plc" title="Shell plc">Shell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TotalEnergies" title="TotalEnergies">TotalEnergies</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left; font-weight:normal;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/National_oil_company" title="National oil company">National oil<br />companies</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Dhabi_National_Oil_Company" title="Abu Dhabi National Oil Company">Abu Dhabi National Oil Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ANCAP_(Uruguay)" title="ANCAP (Uruguay)">ANCAP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bharat_Petroleum" title="Bharat Petroleum">Bharat Petroleum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_National_Offshore_Oil_Corporation" title="China National Offshore Oil Corporation">China National Offshore Oil Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_National_Petroleum_Corporation" title="China National Petroleum Corporation">China National Petroleum Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecopetrol" title="Ecopetrol">Ecopetrol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Equinor" title="Equinor">Equinor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gazprom" title="Gazprom">Gazprom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindustan_Petroleum" title="Hindustan Petroleum">Hindustan Petroleum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Oil_Corporation" title="Indian Oil Corporation">Indian Oil Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraq_National_Oil_Company" title="Iraq National Oil Company">Iraq National Oil Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KazMunayGas" title="KazMunayGas">KazMunayGas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuwait_Petroleum_Corporation" title="Kuwait Petroleum Corporation">Kuwait Petroleum Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grupa_Lotos" title="Grupa Lotos">Lotos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naftogaz" title="Naftogaz">Naftogaz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Iranian_Oil_Company" title="National Iranian Oil Company">National Iranian Oil Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Iranian_South_Oil_Company" title="National Iranian South Oil Company">National Iranian South Oil Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NNPC_Limited" title="NNPC Limited">NNPC Limited</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oil_%26_Gas_Development_Company" title="Oil & Gas Development Company">Oil & Gas Development Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oil_and_Natural_Gas_Corporation" title="Oil and Natural Gas Corporation">Oil and Natural Gas Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orlen" title="Orlen">Orlen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PDVSA" title="PDVSA">PDVSA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pemex" title="Pemex">Pemex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pertamina" title="Pertamina">Pertamina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petrobangla" title="Petrobangla">Petrobangla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petrobras" title="Petrobras">Petrobras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PetroChina" title="PetroChina">PetroChina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petronas" title="Petronas">Petronas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petrovietnam" title="Petrovietnam">Petrovietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PTT_Public_Company_Limited" title="PTT Public Company Limited">PTT Public Company Limited</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/QatarEnergy" title="QatarEnergy">QatarEnergy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosneft" title="Rosneft">Rosneft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saudi_Aramco" title="Saudi Aramco">Saudi Aramco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinopec" title="Sinopec">Sinopec</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">SOCAR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonangol_Group" title="Sonangol Group">Sonangol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonatrach" title="Sonatrach">Sonatrach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TPAO" title="TPAO">TPAO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YPF" title="YPF">YPF</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left; font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Energy_trading" class="mw-redirect" title="Energy trading">Energy trading</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Enron" title="Enron">Enron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glencore" title="Glencore">Glencore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gunvor" title="Gunvor">Gunvor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mercuria" title="Mercuria">Mercuria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naftiran_Intertrade" title="Naftiran Intertrade">Naftiran Intertrade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trafigura" title="Trafigura">Trafigura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vitol" title="Vitol">Vitol</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left; font-weight:normal;">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/APA_Corporation" title="APA Corporation">APA Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cenovus_Energy" title="Cenovus Energy">Cenovus Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cepsa" title="Cepsa">Cepsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ConocoPhillips" title="ConocoPhillips">ConocoPhillips</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devon_Energy" title="Devon Energy">Devon Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eneos_Holdings" title="Eneos Holdings">Eneos Holdings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galp_Energia" title="Galp Energia">Galp Energia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hess_Corporation" title="Hess Corporation">Hess Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Husky_Energy" title="Husky Energy">Husky Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_Oil" title="Imperial Oil">Imperial Oil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lukoil" title="Lukoil">Lukoil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marathon_Oil" title="Marathon Oil">Marathon Oil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marathon_Petroleum" title="Marathon Petroleum">Marathon Petroleum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Occidental_Petroleum" title="Occidental Petroleum">Occidental Petroleum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OMV" title="OMV">OMV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phillips_66" title="Phillips 66">Phillips 66</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port_Harcourt_Refining_Company" title="Port Harcourt Refining Company">Port Harcourt Refining Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reliance_Industries" title="Reliance Industries">Reliance Industries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Repsol" title="Repsol">Repsol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suncor_Energy" title="Suncor Energy">Suncor Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunoco" title="Sunoco">Sunoco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surgutneftegas" title="Surgutneftegas">Surgutneftegas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TechnipFMC" title="TechnipFMC">TechnipFMC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TNK-BP" title="TNK-BP">TNK-BP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tullow_Oil" title="Tullow Oil">Tullow Oil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C3%BCpra%C5%9F" title="Tüpraş">Tüpraş</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valero_Energy" title="Valero Energy">Valero Energy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Major<br /><a href="/wiki/List_of_oilfield_service_companies" title="List of oilfield service companies">services<br />companies</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amec_Foster_Wheeler" title="Amec Foster Wheeler">Amec Foster Wheeler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baker_Hughes" title="Baker Hughes">Baker Hughes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cameron_International" title="Cameron International">Cameron International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CGG_(company)" class="mw-redirect" title="CGG (company)">CGG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CH2M" title="CH2M">CH2M</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Bridge_%26_Iron_Company" title="Chicago Bridge & Iron Company">Chicago Bridge & Iron Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Oilfield_Services" title="China Oilfield Services">China Oilfield Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enbridge" title="Enbridge">Enbridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GE_Power" title="GE Power">GE Power</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halliburton" title="Halliburton">Halliburton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nabors_Industries" title="Nabors Industries">Nabors Industries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naftiran_Intertrade" title="Naftiran Intertrade">Naftiran Intertrade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NOV_Inc." title="NOV Inc.">NOV Inc.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petrofac" title="Petrofac">Petrofac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saipem" title="Saipem">Saipem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schlumberger" title="Schlumberger">Schlumberger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snam" title="Snam">Snam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subsea_7" title="Subsea 7">Subsea 7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TC_Energy" title="TC Energy">TC Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transocean" title="Transocean">Transocean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valaris_Limited" title="Valaris Limited">Valaris Limited</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weatherford_International" title="Weatherford International">Weatherford International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Wood_Group" title="John Wood Group">John Wood Group</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Petroleum_Institute" title="American Petroleum Institute">American Petroleum Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_petroleum_companies" class="mw-redirect" title="Canadian petroleum companies">Canadian petroleum companies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intercontinental_Exchange_Futures" title="Intercontinental Exchange Futures">Intercontinental Exchange Futures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Association_of_Oil_%26_Gas_Producers" title="International Association of Oil & Gas Producers">International Association of Oil & Gas Producers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Energy_Agency" title="International Energy Agency">International Energy Agency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Society_of_Petroleum_Engineers" title="Society of Petroleum Engineers">Society of Petroleum Engineers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Petroleum_Council" class="mw-redirect" title="World Petroleum Council">World Petroleum Council</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Petroleum_industry" title="Category:Petroleum industry">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1622293#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata656" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1622293#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata656" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1622293#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000404460266">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/300333278">VIAF</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/1051339332">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/no2013046801">United States</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://auth.wikimedia.org/loginwiki/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: 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