CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '9135bc8b482ffd33',cH: 'bztZKM.H_t4u0Xfh095vYeUY4QhUj_SzaQEWM7mSSCk-1739794879-1.2.1.1-X0hKgM36xgjePXEf.IPMgqHbol7PaCZvFMcunG_5ogFe1iyYqUKzcC.YpUu50deJ',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/search?q=FIFA&__cf_chl_tk=12HkGho2Y2.Qzx_y3p6Zws71VOZgLJceVDV_yZglPCk-1739794879-1.0.1.1-9G4VRORXhR8VNQT09VndwfU4sDYGE8y01.Wg876i5cU",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739794879',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/search?q=FIFA&__cf_chl_f_tk=12HkGho2Y2.Qzx_y3p6Zws71VOZgLJceVDV_yZglPCk-1739794879-1.0.1.1-9G4VRORXhR8VNQT09VndwfU4sDYGE8y01.Wg876i5cU",md: "Nt7boqeKpWvw777eObNa_f.EyVdJZCivwFSxOLtiDhM-1739794879-1.2.1.1-CeWMAx8hpP4AeB5Or1TiYG64LVyiS_iH5Oeo9DLzud0r0hr7UrA_fJKp0Pscx_JkcQDeJ833Wi8VwbNAC_EwQnDFwg7DSwPlk3.lflyELp0eILoZAwdAPMBRZKHRqacqf_76D.1Rzm0SMt9o.gEmz.rjLd7EL6jTStd9Ll1.xO5mbl8Ef1AK36h74V7q6rhxo6CVpsM3Mjimv9kVe5Rrs41q8Bga8QvzJmRTufJ3RzSuhiSry1LeT_SE6ng3w3S7VLCj50Wh9qoIezWwRJ8YnYd..7WKcPVUi9B9LlwT9p33raXHnNZfYmoGlGLFhu69In4s3ZMBl8Zsk8TvMLLzp_EG8E.8jSj1QwC76TfvG58Q_xqQ97hIi7k1_p2IYo66CYOE8xtYdC6kFfMmoeQGEBcmcCC0SYFP7belTQUM3bRtS6UBZEeE8QiDjF_cGdwV.mqVJ8orfhVuhT3ohNiaB9123q_3pAHD_WW73ouegeFg6C1yTdgiEIIXC8gdFJhZB0tERzYS.NMEAgN6Jrka8qp4nFeCuq4I44nkMxV71PcPs3inzKXmbED8d4pUFgS2q1LDz7eMKmL0PBJno0Ht.qTEqEoS3aIVtKrpYooM2.B_MMqgMfevt3uVf5C9zoVeljQLu.khYBTtdj_Mm3Fnrh4NGUQQHhS0up.as8iinIXTCx5aCZD7FYvLaXWl_YVthkwQDNBtfZlKKZ_hv4GWjrJsXzNqRdtG2vhzKv1lExx5C0WeeOUYAxKczcOe_xmIjS0aL6x_5GaPWT4v7THbw.7_Ab7cYvjIOzl90EAzON3Z.xL5afLgc1OMIwnh_xp3oYtlFELGyaciP6tVy2ICl0.E5BMhBtOSrnyzSX5RXP96BQX.u11pxbKiPddwM_kLo83Hzz29Yrg7yfwre0Oar2dh0CEaG53GaiY1X7Bv.SNp_BudSGFVxFNdVOcYMqcYyRby3.bD1tUUBWWdvc61CFclOPMIH5MRYL48LybGZvn0b8QCylxax4uK1QhkhzC1GITn0f9cORWy81yxHKLKO54CaW8YGd6_13wz0l3WIt9vCxtp9WWMUIiS.DU60Pa4tqqA4cwJqHPOh9g5MhJ7gB0OWL.9SisSJr.rFedRGIbFum0AsKAvuQTfbehzvdBQhaL0zQPxA07RCbLWFNTgkuTpqd1PPFeJYpS1ktEezTLrPn7rehD1N.awQUxE55kYui2LJYoi27nku3vVLTIkWueTW4M2hd_IjxzG4Tc0EbD1t1q8zFrBZmuDR19b1aA7dHRj3kMhdHGrCSqiiXlSW8uzot9yYmCfnHe59R6kNKH5BLopDRzNFdz4d7mt3AT4.Fo19qhDSm.S4Yck84kvQiIDq43FQ_CeFnWi.RhcCq9fcUv86P5mbCUph6ZPe77FrHyjPAbm0J.lcUERlmqO5UpEZpZmkAtMPleBRpU.dHATbooZ0s1o4zgROfVcVswc1hV1KfopvJ.H_NUvtYH9ySNUe9AQGpZvTgeXkjEVEJ8O33Zg2bWUyuSDTvyY8r3hzVPwD_B01TIrExw64nc6siRleFLZbKdvZt68OECuH1ZPcXeYkbxjqK3qo25MH_GVo_V2nYvvgRwJ6MFXnCab_0aBXTBE815OvIHfJiehCwNh0VosU3TUdmefxSTlrDElQg3fuk.bHxcYnGhVZQGnBR7O4DEBgWh9Ti53RAIg80shbfKxzv4bamwcutxIuZ5XzDxlNMZRXK6K_24E10d0YK3GMbp8jfq3_5cRjvm7Ol7_pt1.OPdKE6YA2MehYuhyftCL3Pf9oyi5JfHbma8wsfEGWypS_ZF8n9Gmhixk3sTYYqfwOBwiWVhGHnctgpCgv2fnltcJgwKJRsT9FRvIJC5C3vy4yDhTgkoqRsCVEbG0EB4Bu1modkb.7FYoIAaG",mdrd: "3jbyx2fagAkZw7ngRaEUq17O36BEJONq99FozWuf4aA-1739794879-1.2.1.1-Rjvq6lMkhXnN12ABDDrEwvdNG.2o..83QLZjLB3S7kJT4grgfWqsWgjayCL07C52.u6xlvMHJQlMzUbM5zpfeKX_zhsHyBla0Cl4X0NXYftkTLyJAFh.SdJJJmZNo_jOjPQ3XPP.YmpR.xYjgNW8PlcMLLaZP0iBUL6xY3H_JQ_8DnRVkxGAIbgzqaJFCtVaqDOY8c3GkKs.g7_uYVXSUbicEt325kLg.s3n2Aw02WDXO821J4tfdugzE1thvrO5OiFswTrOfAURPo85Wdg39mfaJPxl0_RBv2qjiS8kk38V5eLiKUzHx.4SMs5njrg5fWRYHjbxkQ2NQ1sYgShy1WExvoxTuBuj1fqus5tCJndmnjoLrBXkLo.Cc0sgIkp9OtucCLMa_3pTZnHJAFOXhIGF0VMzP6nvLIQr00EYD6laBoDYP11vjDHCzmTxVuanfPKCiUNrTqaX9hmybXwE7SVueP7XC2rfdic_RzWo6MU7qnewqLMzSJcydL6Wr2Spg0kwdODUGJfdj5Es4c4TjDvAl8LQEg9XrSJoHYdAqaKHZUu0p0d3KgI2a9XP6Tb.AFP4QhBWEtrAE.wly00NAgy2M04.MY.9LAxZgj3ZsJYyVGJYjVtLR5etEHhk3J0VxcUJxaN8X7dukt8vsmMwfpf7P6PS4tN043hVoN5Ywb7h40U6WAj2eE4QYVBv2ip.1E.GJDfY9cVqDMyDvYT782XMjZ0E1JwN6YyIDGqjCHJvGmwD4JD_Cq4rUVMg_VoLAUa.JedkP1nNovb7PGzqjsRRp6WtPMdPRv.0_S67RiG7pkEi6zwLRpQNTeZq_dl9AQZDhIWRSAPVfQh1CN.hO1BvDD9g0NrgcgNnyM8Jsmiw9XY4AU.qUtbTFie55jffxEXcdjWeEEzSj_pKQXDHN9oZNU7Zv7RLRCE_1qeZ6JDmsEXfI7PUT_rmmO2bq1fu_nzW0ZOLHJj8HUCm1cF6OnYiUnur6uqSWE41POU031wrcs86JOS8R0xX6z7.vi55jqU91GrtqPCygE9C_q.nMV2hufefl2qO06GEXsdmExKy6_sg4gHGI4MhDhN9mHkQBOms45jpCP_sYKQsllRwNO7yMP_KzgJ1J4iY3aH.GA.EgSMd28wAn2Qgyn6AuMe2venywINdb1hNaUR7PKISxpfzd9iMi8jw7VSK3XZHH9G13xaISBmCQmpWwAF8pNgmHMVkTWVnQBtzbQ6JN_L9nkSitUvMU7IZJMzTK33cfnVKp.G7mkgsptAdzSwKUtDfq60oW8vz5TrUB2UYGXn9ujIya2k8_lB7tMJnqfD3TsvwrApZWTyMqQbnTPxlPlqqQ9Z7yoYkkTAoXZWK4vi9tnSMKYnkGT9rJKvvr7QHRi82pIcfeJKdxdzRGFoYetnk6_lNWftPdgIX5bpJ8fw7aMGdTQsACfM01fRoHZhOTPP_9Z0Nwc6oZ7R490Tgdt5rZW61HzhPx1RLE0UFxY5QJmFiXMgdlbi9whW8fGtPkTHO4v4S1ckZ8sThHYoABsVbA2kqR9UKKRbzpshOSM8JQdKXXSsfADbBfwST8DKoztdc6JcGqTWqW5Rh.xWwFhBh3Msc6FiP45fKVMjm12kprV9v43_aLgWPGLJnjMa0ggxQdA04GVf3wcJCIBj5dqP7C5.pX6a33rEJzr1MljZQP5.EUIJioC6.nvAIZ72b7Qcv_LOwAhL38r7kwA1eXsQ879o6nqgoJT1JLQOVlqp_LObu610NtA3DFc7QTBgP9ZNyQJ4XAB2auS862oNLMY1QtaK6sD81ETcSGTPynq2Ry08DxjL.ZOtKpu66TlcM.fIB9yyrv9_hGTMk_I9gHgd_JlTPzeAroaOBPAo.waHhZ7cN3RkvN.F7JoLeHjNOHFqvc9XhuGYfULew3rh9_gJ7GE3z84BlSLa9Co2Ur0RUBTewmLXmC_RDHronQw28PwTGeJ3YkvxZOO0RCMejAjyO"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=9135bc8b482ffd33';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/search?q=FIFA&__cf_chl_rt_tk=12HkGho2Y2.Qzx_y3p6Zws71VOZgLJceVDV_yZglPCk-1739794879-1.0.1.1-9G4VRORXhR8VNQT09VndwfU4sDYGE8y01.Wg876i5cU" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>