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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Emirati Arabic</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Arabic varieties of the UAE</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent infobox-has-images-with-white-backgrounds"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above above" style="font-size:125%; color: black; background-color: #faecc8;">Emirati Arabic</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="font-size:110%; color: black; background-color: #faecc8;"><span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">اللهجة الإماراتية</span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/200px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/300px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/400px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Native to</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates" title="United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Region</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Arabia" title="Eastern Arabia">Eastern Arabia</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Ethnicity</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Emiratis" title="Emiratis">Emirati Arabs</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Native speakers</div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">3.7 million (2020)<sup id="cite_ref-e27_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-e27-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><span class="wrap"><a href="/wiki/Language_family" title="Language family">Language family</a></span></div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Afroasiatic_languages" title="Afroasiatic languages">Afro-Asiatic</a> <ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:1.35em;padding-left:0"><li> <a href="/wiki/Semitic_languages" title="Semitic languages">Semitic</a><ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li><a href="/wiki/West_Semitic_languages" title="West Semitic languages">West Semitic</a><ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li><a href="/wiki/Central_Semitic_languages" title="Central Semitic languages">Central Semitic</a><ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li><a href="/wiki/Arabic_languages" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic languages">Arabic</a><ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li><a href="/wiki/Peninsular_Arabic" title="Peninsular Arabic">Peninsular</a><ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_Arabic" title="Gulf Arabic">Gulf</a><ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li><b>Emirati Arabic</b></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr class="plainlist"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Dialects</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Dhabi" title="Abu Dhabi">Dhabyaniya</a> (<a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">ar</a>: اللهجة الظبيانية)<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umm_Al_Quwain" title="Umm Al Quwain">Quwainiya</a> (<a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">ar</a>: القيوينية)<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Hadhr al-Sahel al-Gharbi (<a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">ar</a>: حضر الساحل الغربي)<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al_Dhafra,_Abu_Dhabi" title="Al Dhafra, Abu Dhabi">Hadhr al-Dhafra</a> (<a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">ar</a>: حضر الظفرة)<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Hadhr al-Sahel al-Sharqi (<a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">ar</a>: حضر الساحل الشرقي)<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ras_Al_Khaimah" title="Ras Al Khaimah">Hadhr Ras al-Khaimah</a> (<a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">ar</a>: حضر راس الخيمة)<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bedouin_Arabic" title="Bedouin Arabic">Emirati Bedouin Arabic</a> (<a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">ar</a>: لهجة بدو الإمارات)<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hajar_Mountains" title="Hajar Mountains">Jibaliya</a> (<a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">ar</a>: لهجة المناطق الجبلية)<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dibba" title="Dibba">Lahjat Dibba</a> (<a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">ar</a>: لهجة دبا)<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_Pidgin_Arabic" title="Gulf Pidgin Arabic">Emirati Pidgin Arabic</a> (<a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">ar</a>: العربي المبسط الاماراتي)<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><span class="wrap"><a href="/wiki/Writing_system" title="Writing system">Writing system</a></span></div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Arabic_alphabet" title="Arabic alphabet">Arabic alphabet</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arabic_chat_alphabet" title="Arabic chat alphabet">Arabic chat alphabet</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: black; background-color: #faecc8;">Language codes</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/ISO_639-3" title="ISO 639-3">ISO 639-3</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><code><a href="https://iso639-3.sil.org/code/afb" class="extiw" title="iso639-3:afb">afb</a></code></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:UAE_en-map-2.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/UAE_en-map-2.png/320px-UAE_en-map-2.png" decoding="async" width="320" height="254" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/UAE_en-map-2.png/480px-UAE_en-map-2.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/UAE_en-map-2.png/640px-UAE_en-map-2.png 2x" data-file-width="1414" data-file-height="1123" /></a></span></td></tr></tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236303919">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-has-images-with-white-backgrounds img{background:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-has-images-with-white-backgrounds img{background:white}}</style> <p><b>Emirati</b> <b>Arabic</b> (<a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a>: <span lang="ar" dir="rtl">اللهجة الإماراتية</span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Arabic" title="Romanization of Arabic">romanized</a>: </small><span title="Arabic-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn">al-Lahjah al-Imārātīyah</i></span>) refers to a group of <a href="/wiki/Arabic" title="Arabic">Arabic</a> dialectal varieties spoken by the <a href="/wiki/Emiratis" title="Emiratis">Emiratis</a> native to the <a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates" title="United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a> that share core characteristics with specific phonological, lexical, and <a href="/wiki/Morphology_(linguistics)" title="Morphology (linguistics)">morphosyntactic</a> features and a certain degree of intra-dialectal variation, which is mostly geographically defined. It incorporates grammatical properties of smaller varieties within the UAE, generally of tribal nature, which can be roughly divided into a couple of broader sub-varieties: the first spoken in the Northern Emirates of <a href="/wiki/Emirate_of_Dubai" title="Emirate of Dubai">Dubai</a>, <a href="/wiki/Emirate_of_Sharjah" title="Emirate of Sharjah">Sharjah</a>, <a href="/wiki/Emirate_of_Ajman" title="Emirate of Ajman">Ajman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Emirate_of_Umm_Al_Quwain" title="Emirate of Umm Al Quwain">Umm al-Quwain</a>, and the western part of <a href="/wiki/Emirate_of_Ras_Al_Khaimah" title="Emirate of Ras Al Khaimah">Ras al-Khaimah</a>; the second in the eastern part of the country, mainly in <a href="/wiki/Emirate_of_Fujairah" title="Emirate of Fujairah">Fujeirah</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dibba" title="Dibba">Dibba</a>, <a href="/wiki/Khor_Fakkan" title="Khor Fakkan">Khor Fakkan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hatta,_United_Arab_Emirates" title="Hatta, United Arab Emirates">Hatta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kalba" title="Kalba">Kalba</a>, and the eastern part of Ras al-Khaimah; the third in <a href="/wiki/Emirate_of_Abu_Dhabi" title="Emirate of Abu Dhabi">Abu Dhabi</a> including the oasis city of <a href="/wiki/Al_Ain" title="Al Ain">Al Ain</a>, the dialect is also seen in the <a href="/wiki/Oman" title="Oman">Omani</a> region of <a href="/wiki/Al_Buraimi_Governorate" title="Al Buraimi Governorate">Al-Buraimi</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Emirati Arabic varieties can also be distinguished based on environmental factors, including variations associated with <a href="/wiki/Bedouin" title="Bedouin">Bedouin</a> communities, coastal, agricultural, and mountainous regions.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Additionally, a <a href="/wiki/Pidgin" title="Pidgin">pidgin</a> form of Emirati Arabic exists, predominantly utilized by blue-collar workers in the UAE. This linguistic variant, which is closely related to other variants of <a href="/wiki/Gulf_Pidgin_Arabic" title="Gulf Pidgin Arabic">Gulf Pidgin Arabic</a>, amalgamates elements of Emirati Arabic with other languages like <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a>, <a href="/wiki/Persian_language" title="Persian language">Farsi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hindi" title="Hindi">Hindi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Urdu" title="Urdu">Urdu</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Tagalog_language" title="Tagalog language">Tagalog</a>. Serving as a simplified means of communication, Emirati Pidgin Arabic facilitates basic interactions in workplaces, construction sites, and similar environments where multilingual communication is necessary.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Speakers of Emirati Arabic identify themselves as speakers of a distinct variety (as compared with <a href="/wiki/Gulf_Arabic" title="Gulf Arabic">other neighbouring</a> <a href="/wiki/Varieties_of_Arabic" title="Varieties of Arabic">dialects</a> such as <a href="/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar">Qatari</a> or <a href="/wiki/Kuwaiti_Arabic" title="Kuwaiti Arabic">Kuwaiti Arabic</a>), based on several <a href="/wiki/Phonology" title="Phonology">phonological</a>, <a href="/wiki/Morphological_typology" title="Morphological typology">morphological</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Syntax" title="Syntax">syntactic</a> properties that distinguish Emirati Arabic from other <a href="/wiki/Gulf_Arabic" title="Gulf Arabic">Gulf Arabic</a> varieties.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Emirati Arabic dialects are believed to have evolved from the linguistic variations spoken by ancient pre-Islamic Arabian tribes in the region, particularly the <a href="/wiki/Azd" title="Azd">Azd</a>, <a href="/wiki/Qays" title="Qays">Qays</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Banu_Tamim" title="Banu Tamim">Tamim</a>, as noted by Emirati linguist and historian, Ahmed Obaid.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Diglossia_and_dialectal_variety">Diglossia and dialectal variety</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Emirati_Arabic&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Diglossia and dialectal variety"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Due to the coexistence of the <a href="/wiki/Modern_Standard_Arabic" title="Modern Standard Arabic">Modern Standard Arabic</a> (high language) and the <a href="/wiki/Dialect" title="Dialect">dialect</a> (low language), it is possible to speak about <a href="/wiki/Diglossia" title="Diglossia">diglossia</a> of the Arabic language.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The UAE, extending over a total area of about 83,000 km² and hosting more than 200 different nationalities, represent one of the nations with the largest aggregation of ethnic groups in the world. <a href="/wiki/Archaeology" title="Archaeology">Archaeological</a> excavations have shown that in this area several Semitic races were established. It follows that the spoken language, the Emirati <a href="/wiki/Dialect" title="Dialect">dialect</a>, includes some different dialectal shades. It represents the communication tool used by the overwhelming majority of the population, although people of good cultural level are able to express themselves in official Arabic. Notwithstanding the recent filling up of <a href="/wiki/Urban_area" title="Urban area">urban</a> areas to the detriment of <a href="/wiki/Rural_area" title="Rural area">rural</a> ones has led to a growing decrease in local dialectal variations, we can still identify three main areas of different shades of the Emirate dialect: <a href="/wiki/Abu_Dhabi" title="Abu Dhabi">Abu Dhabi</a> (including <a href="/wiki/Al_Ain" title="Al Ain">Al Ain</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Al_Dhafra,_Abu_Dhabi" title="Al Dhafra, Abu Dhabi">western region</a> and islands), Dubai and the Northern Emirates (including <a href="/wiki/Sharjah" title="Sharjah">Sharjah</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ajman" title="Ajman">Ajman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Umm_al-Quwain" class="mw-redirect" title="Umm al-Quwain">Umm al-Quwain</a> and part of <a href="/wiki/Ras_al-Khaimah" class="mw-redirect" title="Ras al-Khaimah">Ras al-Khaimah</a>) and the east coast (including <a href="/wiki/Fujairah" title="Fujairah">Fujairah</a>, <a href="/wiki/Khor_Fakkan" title="Khor Fakkan">Khor Fakkan</a>, and the remainder of <a href="/wiki/Ras_al-Khaimah" class="mw-redirect" title="Ras al-Khaimah">Ras al-Khaimah</a>). To give a practical example, the word "mob (مب)" a negation which simply translates to "Not" should be mentioned with its variations: "mesh (مش)" in <a href="/wiki/Abu_Dhabi" title="Abu Dhabi">Abu Dhabi</a>, "mob (مب)" in the Northern Emirates and "ma (ما)" in the East Coast.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Furthermore, the unification of the UAE has contributed to making changes to the locally spoken <a href="/wiki/Dialect" title="Dialect">dialect</a>. Due to globalisation, it has been necessary to identify a more standard method of <a href="/wiki/Communication" title="Communication">communication</a> to interact with foreigners. As a result, the Emirati dialect has received influences from other Arabic dialects and foreign languages. Words from the technical language have often an <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a> origin and have arrived in the <a href="/wiki/Persian_Gulf" title="Persian Gulf">Persian Gulf</a> through interchanges with the <a href="/wiki/English_people" title="English people">English</a> and <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">Indian</a> population, and then have been adapted to an Arabic pronunciation. </p><p>Moreover, in the spoken Emirati language it is common to substitute some letters with others of similar sound: the [d͡ʒ] can become [j]; the [k] can become [t͡ʃ]; the [q] can become [g] or [d͡ʒ].<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <td>English </td> <td>Standard Modern Arabic </td> <td>Standard Emirati Arabic </td></tr> <tr> <td>Chicken </td> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/dæ.d͡ʒæːd͡ʒ/</span> </td> <td>/diˈjaːj/ </td></tr> <tr> <td>Fish </td> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/sæ.mak/</span> </td> <td>/sɪˈmat͡ʃ/ </td></tr> <tr> <td>Coffee </td> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/qah.wa/</span> </td> <td>/gæhˈwa/ </td></tr> <tr> <td>Near </td> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/qa.riːb/</span> </td> <td>/d͡ʒɪˈriːb/ , /gɪrˈiːb/ </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mountain </td> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/d͡ʒ̼æ.bæl/</span> </td> <td>/yɛˈbæl/ </td></tr> <tr> <td>Dog </td> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/'kælb/</span> </td> <td>/t͡ʃælb/ </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>There is also a guide book for the Arabic <a href="/wiki/Dialect" title="Dialect">dialect</a> of the Emirates, <i>Spoken Emirati</i>, and an <a href="/wiki/Italian_language" title="Italian language">Italian</a> version, <i>Dialetto Emiratino</i>, edited by Nico de Corato together with Hanan Al Fardan and Abdulla Al Kaabi, authors of the original English version.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Loanwords">Loanwords</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Emirati_Arabic&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Loanwords"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Some examples of loanwords in Emirati Arabic: </p> <table class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible"> <caption>Loanwords<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Transliterated Word </th> <th>Meaning in English </th> <th>Language Burrowed from </th></tr> <tr> <td><i>soman</i> </td> <td>equipment </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Urdu" title="Urdu">Persian</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>dreːˈwæl</i> </td> <td>driver </td> <td><a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>siːˈdæ</i> </td> <td>front </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Urdu" title="Urdu">Urdu</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>ˈxaːshuːˌgæh</i> </td> <td>spoon </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Turkish_language" title="Turkish language">Turkish</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>dæriːˈshæ</i> </td> <td>window </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Persian_language" title="Persian language">Persian</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>buʃˈkar</i> </td> <td>servant </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Persian_language" title="Persian language">Persian</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>acancel </td> <td>I cancel </td> <td><a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>doːˈʃæg</i> </td> <td>mattress </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Persian_language" title="Persian language">Persian</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>leːt </td> <td>light </td> <td><a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>orːæd.di </td> <td>already </td> <td><a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>sændiˈwiːt͡ʃ </td> <td>sandwich </td> <td><a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>d͡ʒuːˈti </td> <td>shoe </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Persian_language" title="Persian language">Persian</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>seːˈkæl </td> <td>bicycle </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Persian_language" title="Persian language">English</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>kʰaːb </td> <td>cap </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Persian_language" title="Persian language">English</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>burˈwaz </td> <td>frame </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Persian_language" title="Persian language">Persian</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>t͡ʃʌb </td> <td>shut up </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Urdu" title="Urdu">Urdu</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>moːˈtær </td> <td>car/motor </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Persian_language" title="Persian language">English</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>dæfˈtɛr </td> <td>notebook </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Persian_language" title="Persian language">Persian</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>særˈwaːl </td> <td>trousers </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Persian_language" title="Persian language">Persian</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>ɛsˈtaːð </td> <td>male teacher </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Persian_language" title="Persian language">Persian</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>moˈda </td> <td>fashion </td> <td><a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>rɛˈgiːmæ </td> <td>diet </td> <td><a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>bantˤaˈluːn </td> <td>trousers </td> <td><a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>ruːbiˈd͡ʒːaː </td> <td>money </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hindi" title="Hindi">Hindi</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>ʃˤaˈnˤtˤa </td> <td>bag </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Turkish_language" title="Turkish language">Turkish</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>abˈla </td> <td>female teacher </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Turkish_language" title="Turkish language">Turkish</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>tɛzː </td> <td>whatever </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Turkish_language" title="Turkish language">Turkish</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Emirati_Arabic&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-e27-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-e27_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ethnologue.com/language/afb">Emirati Arabic</a> at <i><a href="/wiki/Ethnologue" title="Ethnologue">Ethnologue</a></i> (27th ed., 2024) <span style="position:relative; top: -2px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Paywall" title="closed access publication – behind paywall"><img alt="Closed access icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg/9px-Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg/14px-Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg/18px-Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free 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rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAltakhainehAl-NamerAlnamer2022" class="citation journal cs1">Altakhaineh, Abdel Rahman Mitib; Al-Namer, Abdul-Salam; Alnamer, Sulafah (2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3390%2Flanguages7010008">"Degemination in Emirati Pidgin Arabic: A Sociolinguistic Perspective"</a>. <i>Languages</i>. <b>7</b>: 8. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3390%2Flanguages7010008">10.3390/languages7010008</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Languages&rft.atitle=Degemination+in+Emirati+Pidgin+Arabic%3A+A+Sociolinguistic+Perspective&rft.volume=7&rft.pages=8&rft.date=2022&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3390%2Flanguages7010008&rft.aulast=Altakhaineh&rft.aufirst=Abdel+Rahman+Mitib&rft.au=Al-Namer%2C+Abdul-Salam&rft.au=Alnamer%2C+Sulafah&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.3390%252Flanguages7010008&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmirati+Arabic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_13-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLeungNtelitheosKaabi2020" class="citation book cs1">Leung, Tommi Tsz-Cheung; Ntelitheos, Dimitrios; Kaabi, Meera Al (2020-12-29). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=JWwNEAAAQBAJ"><i>Emirati Arabic: A Comprehensive Grammar</i></a>. Routledge. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-000-30055-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-000-30055-0"><bdi>978-1-000-30055-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Emirati+Arabic%3A+A+Comprehensive+Grammar&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2020-12-29&rft.isbn=978-1-000-30055-0&rft.aulast=Leung&rft.aufirst=Tommi+Tsz-Cheung&rft.au=Ntelitheos%2C+Dimitrios&rft.au=Kaabi%2C+Meera+Al&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DJWwNEAAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmirati+Arabic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFللأخبار2016" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">للأخبار, مركز الاتحاد (2016-05-19). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aletihad.ae/article/21129/2016/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D9%81%D8%B5%D9%8A%D8%AD%D8%A9-%D9%88%D9%87%D8%AC%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%87%D8%A7-%D9%82%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%84">"اللهجات الإماراتية فصيحة وهجينها قليل"</a>. <i>مركز الاتحاد للأخبار</i> (in Arabic)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-03-14</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%B2+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AF+%D9%84%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%AE%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1&rft.atitle=%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%AA+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%A9+%D9%81%D8%B5%D9%8A%D8%AD%D8%A9+%D9%88%D9%87%D8%AC%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%87%D8%A7+%D9%82%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%84&rft.date=2016-05-19&rft.aulast=%D9%84%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%AE%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1&rft.aufirst=%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%B2+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AF&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aletihad.ae%2Farticle%2F21129%2F2016%2F%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D9%2584%25D9%2587%25D8%25AC%25D8%25A7%25D8%25AA-%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D8%25A5%25D9%2585%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B1%25D8%25A7%25D8%25AA%25D9%258A%25D8%25A9-%25D9%2581%25D8%25B5%25D9%258A%25D8%25AD%25D8%25A9-%25D9%2588%25D9%2587%25D8%25AC%25D9%258A%25D9%2586%25D9%2587%25D8%25A7-%25D9%2582%25D9%2584%25D9%258A%25D9%2584&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmirati+Arabic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAltakhainehAl-NamerAlnamer2022" class="citation journal cs1">Altakhaineh, Abdel Rahman Mitib; Al-Namer, Abdul-Salam; Alnamer, Sulafah (5 January 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3390%2Flanguages7010008">"Degemination in Emirati Pidgin Arabic: A Sociolinguistic Perspective"</a>. <i>Languages</i>. <b>7</b> (1): 8. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3390%2Flanguages7010008">10.3390/languages7010008</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2226-471X">2226-471X</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Languages&rft.atitle=Degemination+in+Emirati+Pidgin+Arabic%3A+A+Sociolinguistic+Perspective&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=8&rft.date=2022-01-05&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3390%2Flanguages7010008&rft.issn=2226-471X&rft.aulast=Altakhaineh&rft.aufirst=Abdel+Rahman+Mitib&rft.au=Al-Namer%2C+Abdul-Salam&rft.au=Alnamer%2C+Sulafah&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.3390%252Flanguages7010008&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmirati+Arabic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNaylor2008" class="citation web cs1">Naylor, Hugh (2008-10-09). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thenationalnews.com/uae/the-word-on-the-street-same-same-but-different-1.512101">"The word on the street - same-same, but different"</a>. <i>The National</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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(2015-03-09). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.17507/jltr.0602.05">"Diglossia as a Result of Language Variation in Arabic: Possible Solutions in Light of Language Planning"</a>. <i>Journal of Language Teaching and Research</i>. <b>6</b> (2): 274. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.17507%2Fjltr.0602.05">10.17507/jltr.0602.05</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1798-4769">1798-4769</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Language+Teaching+and+Research&rft.atitle=Diglossia+as+a+Result+of+Language+Variation+in+Arabic%3A+Possible+Solutions+in+Light+of+Language+Planning&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=274&rft.date=2015-03-09&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.17507%2Fjltr.0602.05&rft.issn=1798-4769&rft.aulast=Al-Sobh&rft.aufirst=Mahmoud+A.&rft.au=Abu-Melhim%2C+Abdel-Rahman+H.&rft.au=Bani-Hani%2C+Nedal+A.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.17507%2Fjltr.0602.05&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmirati+Arabic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_19-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_19-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAl_Fardan2016" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Al Fardan, Hanan (2016). <i>Spoken Emirati</i> (in Arabic and English). <a href="/wiki/Dubai,_United_Arab_Emirates" class="mw-redirect" title="Dubai, United Arab Emirates">Dubai, United Arab Emirates</a>: Al Ramsa Institute. pp. 8–10.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Spoken+Emirati&rft.place=Dubai%2C+United+Arab+Emirates&rft.pages=8-10&rft.pub=Al+Ramsa+Institute&rft.date=2016&rft.aulast=Al+Fardan&rft.aufirst=Hanan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmirati+Arabic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFal-HashemiIsleem2015" class="citation book cs1">al-Hashemi, Ayesha; Isleem, Nasser (2015). <i>Ramsah: An Introduction to Learning Emirati Dialect and Culture</i>. Kuttab Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789948186632" title="Special:BookSources/9789948186632"><bdi>9789948186632</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ramsah%3A+An+Introduction+to+Learning+Emirati+Dialect+and+Culture&rft.pub=Kuttab+Publishing&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=9789948186632&rft.aulast=al-Hashemi&rft.aufirst=Ayesha&rft.au=Isleem%2C+Nasser&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmirati+Arabic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wam.ae/en/details/1395302616602">"Academy of Poetry publishes UAE dialect dictionary in English, Italian"</a>. <i>Emirates News Agency</i>. 2017-05-29<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-12-26</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Emirates+News+Agency&rft.atitle=Academy+of+Poetry+publishes+UAE+dialect+dictionary+in+English%2C+Italian&rft.date=2017-05-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwam.ae%2Fen%2Fdetails%2F1395302616602&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmirati+Arabic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLeungNtelitheosKaabi2020" class="citation book cs1">Leung, Tommi Tsz-Cheung; Ntelitheos, Dimitrios; Kaabi, Meera Al (2020-12-30). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=YjINEAAAQBAJ&dq=emirati+loan+words&pg=PA45"><i>Emirati Arabic: A Comprehensive Grammar</i></a>. Routledge. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-000-31756-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-000-31756-5"><bdi>978-1-000-31756-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Emirati+Arabic%3A+A+Comprehensive+Grammar&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2020-12-30&rft.isbn=978-1-000-31756-5&rft.aulast=Leung&rft.aufirst=Tommi+Tsz-Cheung&rft.au=Ntelitheos%2C+Dimitrios&rft.au=Kaabi%2C+Meera+Al&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DYjINEAAAQBAJ%26dq%3Demirati%2Bloan%2Bwords%26pg%3DPA45&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmirati+Arabic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pdfcoffee.com/emirati-phrasebook-p1to41-3-pdf-free.html">"Emirati Phrasebook P1to41"</a>. <i>pdfcoffee.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-05-21</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=pdfcoffee.com&rft.atitle=Emirati+Phrasebook+P1to41&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpdfcoffee.com%2Femirati-phrasebook-p1to41-3-pdf-free.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmirati+Arabic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Emirati_Arabic&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dialettoemiratino.com/">Emirati Dialect Conversation Manual</a> (in Italian)</li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Emirati_Arabic&oldid=1252947987">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Emirati_Arabic&oldid=1252947987</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Culture_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates" title="Category:Culture of the United Arab Emirates">Culture of the United Arab Emirates</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Arabic_language" title="Category:Arabic language">Arabic language</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Gulf_Arabic" title="Category:Gulf Arabic">Gulf Arabic</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Language_articles_citing_Ethnologue_27" title="Category:Language articles citing Ethnologue 27">Language articles citing Ethnologue 27</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_Arabic-language_sources_(ar)" title="Category:CS1 Arabic-language sources (ar)">CS1 Arabic-language sources (ar)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Arabic-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Arabic-language text">Articles containing Arabic-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Language_articles_missing_Glottolog_code" title="Category:Language articles missing Glottolog code">Language articles missing Glottolog code</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:ISO_language_articles_citing_sources_other_than_Ethnologue" title="Category:ISO language articles citing sources other than Ethnologue">ISO language articles citing sources other than Ethnologue</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_with_plain_IPA" title="Category:Pages with plain IPA">Pages with plain IPA</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 23 October 2024, at 17:24<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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