CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "https://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> <html id="ctl00_Html1" xmlns:o="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" __expr-val-dir="ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head id="ctl00_Head1"><meta name="WebPartPageExpansion" content="full" /><meta name="WebPartPageExpansion" content="full" /><meta name="WebPartPageExpansion" content="full" /><meta name="WebPartPageExpansion" content="full" /><meta name="WebPartPageExpansion" content="full" /><meta name="WebPartPageExpansion" content="full" /><meta name="WebPartPageExpansion" content="full" /><meta name="WebPartPageExpansion" content="full" /><meta name="WebPartPageExpansion" content="full" />  <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge" /><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" /><meta name="GENERATOR" content="Microsoft SharePoint" /><meta name="progid" content="SharePoint.WebPartPage.Document" /><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><script type="text/javascript">window.NREUM||(NREUM={});NREUM.info = {"beacon":"bam.nr-data.net","errorBeacon":"bam.nr-data.net","licenseKey":"0c3b4b61ad","applicationID":"1012899944","transactionName":"M11RYkNWDxJWWkJQDQoXcmVhGD4CVk1XVQ0DSxxbUEQVBEVJV14HS0pWUlRECAZZWERNCwdUVkZQUAQNVkBZTBZKWUBGSQ==","queueTime":0,"applicationTime":279,"agent":"","atts":""}</script><script type="text/javascript">(window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).init={privacy:{cookies_enabled:true},ajax:{deny_list:["bam.nr-data.net"]},distributed_tracing:{enabled:true}};(window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).loader_config={agentID:"1103289951",accountID:"1613493",trustKey:"1613493",xpid:"VQAGUlJaCxABVFBQDwgOX1AF",licenseKey:"0c3b4b61ad",applicationID:"1012899944"};;/*! For license information please see nr-loader-spa-1.281.0.min.js.LICENSE.txt */ (()=>{var e,t,r={8122:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{a:()=>i});var n=r(944);function i(e,t){try{if(!e||"object"!=typeof e)return(0,n.R)(3);if(!t||"object"!=typeof t)return(0,n.R)(4);const r=Object.create(Object.getPrototypeOf(t),Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptors(t)),o=0===Object.keys(r).length?e:r;for(let a in o)if(void 0!==e[a])try{if(null===e[a]){r[a]=null;continue}Array.isArray(e[a])&&Array.isArray(t[a])?r[a]=Array.from(new Set([...e[a],...t[a]])):"object"==typeof e[a]&&"object"==typeof t[a]?r[a]=i(e[a],t[a]):r[a]=e[a]}catch(e){(0,n.R)(1,e)}return r}catch(e){(0,n.R)(2,e)}}},2555:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Vp:()=>c,fn:()=>s,x1:()=>u});var n=r(384),i=r(8122);const o={beacon:n.NT.beacon,errorBeacon:n.NT.errorBeacon,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,sa:void 0,queueTime:void 0,applicationTime:void 0,ttGuid:void 0,user:void 0,account:void 0,product:void 0,extra:void 0,jsAttributes:{},userAttributes:void 0,atts:void 0,transactionName:void 0,tNamePlain:void 0},a={};function s(e){try{const t=c(e);return!!t.licenseKey&&!!t.errorBeacon&&!!t.applicationID}catch(e){return!1}}function c(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All info objects require an agent identifier!");if(!a[e])throw new Error("Info for ".concat(e," was never set"));return a[e]}function u(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All info objects require an agent identifier!");a[e]=(0,i.a)(t,o);const r=(0,n.nY)(e);r&&(r.info=a[e])}},9417:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{D0:()=>p,gD:()=>m,xN:()=>g});var n=r(3333),i=r(993);const o=e=>{if(!e||"string"!=typeof e)return!1;try{document.createDocumentFragment().querySelector(e)}catch{return!1}return!0};var a=r(2614),s=r(944),c=r(384),u=r(8122);const d="[data-nr-mask]",l=()=>{const e={feature_flags:[],experimental:{marks:!1,measures:!1,resources:!1},mask_selector:"*",block_selector:"[data-nr-block]",mask_input_options:{color:!1,date:!1,"datetime-local":!1,email:!1,month:!1,number:!1,range:!1,search:!1,tel:!1,text:!1,time:!1,url:!1,week:!1,textarea:!1,select:!1,password:!0}};return{ajax:{deny_list:void 0,block_internal:!0,enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},distributed_tracing:{enabled:void 0,exclude_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_tracecontext_headers:void 0,allowed_origins:void 0},get feature_flags(){return e.feature_flags},set feature_flags(t){e.feature_flags=t},generic_events:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},harvest:{interval:30},jserrors:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},logging:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0,level:i.p_.INFO},metrics:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},obfuscate:void 0,page_action:{enabled:!0},page_view_event:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},page_view_timing:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},performance:{get capture_marks(){return e.feature_flags.includes(n.$v.MARKS)||e.experimental.marks},set capture_marks(t){e.experimental.marks=t},get capture_measures(){return e.feature_flags.includes(n.$v.MEASURES)||e.experimental.measures},set capture_measures(t){e.experimental.measures=t},capture_detail:!0,resources:{get enabled(){return e.feature_flags.includes(n.$v.RESOURCES)||e.experimental.resources},set enabled(t){e.experimental.resources=t},asset_types:[],first_party_domains:[],ignore_newrelic:!0}},privacy:{cookies_enabled:!0},proxy:{assets:void 0,beacon:void 0},session:{expiresMs:a.wk,inactiveMs:a.BB},session_replay:{autoStart:!0,enabled:!1,preload:!1,sampling_rate:10,error_sampling_rate:100,collect_fonts:!1,inline_images:!1,fix_stylesheets:!0,mask_all_inputs:!0,get mask_text_selector(){return e.mask_selector},set mask_text_selector(t){o(t)?e.mask_selector="".concat(t,",").concat(d):""===t||null===t?e.mask_selector=d:(0,s.R)(5,t)},get block_class(){return"nr-block"},get ignore_class(){return"nr-ignore"},get mask_text_class(){return"nr-mask"},get block_selector(){return e.block_selector},set block_selector(t){o(t)?e.block_selector+=",".concat(t):""!==t&&(0,s.R)(6,t)},get mask_input_options(){return e.mask_input_options},set mask_input_options(t){t&&"object"==typeof t?e.mask_input_options={...t,password:!0}:(0,s.R)(7,t)}},session_trace:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},soft_navigations:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},spa:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},ssl:void 0,user_actions:{enabled:!0,elementAttributes:["id","className","tagName","type"]}}},f={},h="All configuration objects require an agent identifier!";function p(e){if(!e)throw new Error(h);if(!f[e])throw new Error("Configuration for ".concat(e," was never set"));return f[e]}function g(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(h);f[e]=(0,u.a)(t,l());const r=(0,c.nY)(e);r&&(r.init=f[e])}function m(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(h);var r=p(e);if(r){for(var n=t.split("."),i=0;i<n.length-1;i++)if("object"!=typeof(r=r[n[i]]))return;r=r[n[n.length-1]]}return r}},5603:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{a:()=>c,o:()=>s});var n=r(384),i=r(8122);const o={accountID:void 0,trustKey:void 0,agentID:void 0,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,xpid:void 0},a={};function s(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All loader-config objects require an agent identifier!");if(!a[e])throw new Error("LoaderConfig for ".concat(e," was never set"));return a[e]}function c(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All loader-config objects require an agent identifier!");a[e]=(0,i.a)(t,o);const r=(0,n.nY)(e);r&&(r.loader_config=a[e])}},3371:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{V:()=>f,f:()=>l});var n=r(8122),i=r(384),o=r(6154),a=r(9324);let s=0;const c={buildEnv:a.F3,distMethod:a.Xs,version:a.xv,originTime:o.WN},u={customTransaction:void 0,disabled:!1,isolatedBacklog:!1,loaderType:void 0,maxBytes:3e4,onerror:void 0,ptid:void 0,releaseIds:{},appMetadata:{},session:void 0,denyList:void 0,timeKeeper:void 0,obfuscator:void 0,harvester:void 0},d={};function l(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All runtime objects require an agent identifier!");if(!d[e])throw new Error("Runtime for ".concat(e," was never set"));return d[e]}function f(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All runtime objects require an agent identifier!");d[e]={...(0,n.a)(t,u),...c},Object.hasOwnProperty.call(d[e],"harvestCount")||Object.defineProperty(d[e],"harvestCount",{get:()=>++s});const r=(0,i.nY)(e);r&&(r.runtime=d[e])}},9324:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{F3:()=>i,Xs:()=>o,Yq:()=>a,xv:()=>n});const n="1.281.0",i="PROD",o="CDN",a="^2.0.0-alpha.17"},6154:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{A4:()=>s,OF:()=>d,RI:()=>i,WN:()=>h,bv:()=>o,gm:()=>a,lR:()=>f,m:()=>u,mw:()=>c,sb:()=>l});var n=r(1863);const i="undefined"!=typeof window&&!!window.document,o="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&("undefined"!=typeof self&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&self.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator||"undefined"!=typeof globalThis&&globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&globalThis.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator),a=i?window:"undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&("undefined"!=typeof self&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&self||"undefined"!=typeof globalThis&&globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&globalThis),s="complete"===a?.document?.readyState,c=Boolean("hidden"===a?.document?.visibilityState),u=""+a?.location,d=/iPad|iPhone|iPod/.test(a.navigator?.userAgent),l=d&&"undefined"==typeof SharedWorker,f=(()=>{const e=a.navigator?.userAgent?.match(/Firefox[/\s](\d+\.\d+)/);return Array.isArray(e)&&e.length>=2?+e[1]:0})(),h=Date.now()-(0,n.t)()},7295:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Xv:()=>a,gX:()=>i,iW:()=>o});var n=[];function i(e){if(!e||o(e))return!1;if(0===n.length)return!0;for(var t=0;t<n.length;t++){var r=n[t];if("*"===r.hostname)return!1;if(s(r.hostname,e.hostname)&&c(r.pathname,e.pathname))return!1}return!0}function o(e){return void 0===e.hostname}function a(e){if(n=[],e&&e.length)for(var t=0;t<e.length;t++){let r=e[t];if(!r)continue;0===r.indexOf("http://")?r=r.substring(7):0===r.indexOf("https://")&&(r=r.substring(8));const i=r.indexOf("/");let o,a;i>0?(o=r.substring(0,i),a=r.substring(i)):(o=r,a="");let[s]=o.split(":");n.push({hostname:s,pathname:a})}}function s(e,t){return!(e.length>t.length)&&t.indexOf(e)===t.length-e.length}function c(e,t){return 0===e.indexOf("/")&&(e=e.substring(1)),0===t.indexOf("/")&&(t=t.substring(1)),""===e||e===t}},1687:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Ak:()=>c,Ze:()=>l,x3:()=>u});var n=r(7836),i=r(3606),o=r(860),a=r(2646);const s={};function c(e,t){const r={staged:!1,priority:o.P3[t]||0};d(e),s[e].get(t)||s[e].set(t,r)}function u(e,t){e&&s[e]&&(s[e].get(t)&&s[e].delete(t),h(e,t,!1),s[e].size&&f(e))}function d(e){if(!e)throw new Error("agentIdentifier required");s[e]||(s[e]=new Map)}function l(e="",t="feature",r=!1){if(d(e),!e||!s[e].get(t)||r)return h(e,t);s[e].get(t).staged=!0,f(e)}function f(e){const t=Array.from(s[e]);t.every((([e,t])=>t.staged))&&(t.sort(((e,t)=>e[1].priority-t[1].priority)),t.forEach((([t])=>{s[e].delete(t),h(e,t)})))}function h(e,t,r=!0){const o=e?n.ee.get(e):n.ee,s=i.i.handlers;if(!o.aborted&&o.backlog&&s){if(r){const e=o.backlog[t],r=s[t];if(r){for(let t=0;e&&t<e.length;++t)p(e[t],r);Object.entries(r).forEach((([e,t])=>{Object.values(t||{}).forEach((t=>{t[0]?.on&&t[0]?.context()instanceof a.y&&t[0].on(e,t[1])}))}))}}o.isolatedBacklog||delete s[t],o.backlog[t]=null,o.emit("drain-"+t,[])}}function p(e,t){var r=e[1];Object.values(t[r]||{}).forEach((t=>{var r=e[0];if(t[0]===r){var n=t[1],i=e[3],o=e[2];n.apply(i,o)}}))}},7836:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{P:()=>c,ee:()=>u});var n=r(384),i=r(8990),o=r(3371),a=r(2646),s=r(5607);const c="nr@context:".concat(s.W),u=function e(t,r){var n={},s={},d={},l=!1;try{l=16===r.length&&(0,o.f)(r).isolatedBacklog}catch(e){}var f={on:p,addEventListener:p,removeEventListener:function(e,t){var r=n[e];if(!r)return;for(var i=0;i<r.length;i++)r[i]===t&&r.splice(i,1)},emit:function(e,r,n,i,o){!1!==o&&(o=!0);if(u.aborted&&!i)return;t&&o&&t.emit(e,r,n);for(var a=h(n),c=g(e),d=c.length,l=0;l<d;l++)c[l].apply(a,r);var p=v()[s[e]];p&&p.push([f,e,r,a]);return a},get:m,listeners:g,context:h,buffer:function(e,t){const r=v();if(t=t||"feature",f.aborted)return;Object.entries(e||{}).forEach((([e,n])=>{s[n]=t,t in r||(r[t]=[])}))},abort:function(){f._aborted=!0,Object.keys(f.backlog).forEach((e=>{delete f.backlog[e]}))},isBuffering:function(e){return!!v()[s[e]]},debugId:r,backlog:l?{}:t&&"object"==typeof t.backlog?t.backlog:{},isolatedBacklog:l};return Object.defineProperty(f,"aborted",{get:()=>{let e=f._aborted||!1;return e||(t&&(e=t.aborted),e)}}),f;function h(e){return e&&e instanceof a.y?e:e?(0,i.I)(e,c,(()=>new a.y(c))):new a.y(c)}function p(e,t){n[e]=g(e).concat(t)}function g(e){return n[e]||[]}function m(t){return d[t]=d[t]||e(f,t)}function v(){return f.backlog}}(void 0,"globalEE"),d=(0,n.Zm)();d.ee||(d.ee=u)},2646:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{y:()=>n});class n{constructor(e){this.contextId=e}}},9908:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{d:()=>n,p:()=>i});var n=r(7836).ee.get("handle");function i(e,t,r,i,o){o?(o.buffer([e],i),o.emit(e,t,r)):(n.buffer([e],i),n.emit(e,t,r))}},3606:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{i:()=>o});var n=r(9908);o.on=a;var i=o.handlers={};function o(e,t,r,o){a(o||n.d,i,e,t,r)}function a(e,t,r,i,o){o||(o="feature"),e||(e=n.d);var a=t[o]=t[o]||{};(a[r]=a[r]||[]).push([e,i])}},3878:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t){return{capture:e,passive:!1,signal:t}}function i(e,t,r=!1,i){window.addEventListener(e,t,n(r,i))}function o(e,t,r=!1,i){document.addEventListener(e,t,n(r,i))}r.d(t,{DD:()=>o,jT:()=>n,sp:()=>i})},5607:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{W:()=>n});const n=(0,r(9566).bz)()},9566:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{LA:()=>s,ZF:()=>c,bz:()=>a,el:()=>u});var n=r(6154);const i="xxxxxxxx-xxxx-4xxx-yxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx";function o(e,t){return e?15&e[t]:16*Math.random()|0}function a(){const e=n.gm?.crypto||n.gm?.msCrypto;let t,r=0;return e&&e.getRandomValues&&(t=e.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(30))),i.split("").map((e=>"x"===e?o(t,r++).toString(16):"y"===e?(3&o()|8).toString(16):e)).join("")}function s(e){const t=n.gm?.crypto||n.gm?.msCrypto;let r,i=0;t&&t.getRandomValues&&(r=t.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(e)));const a=[];for(var s=0;s<e;s++)a.push(o(r,i++).toString(16));return a.join("")}function c(){return s(16)}function u(){return s(32)}},2614:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{BB:()=>a,H3:()=>n,g:()=>u,iL:()=>c,tS:()=>s,uh:()=>i,wk:()=>o});const n="NRBA",i="SESSION",o=144e5,a=18e5,s={STARTED:"session-started",PAUSE:"session-pause",RESET:"session-reset",RESUME:"session-resume",UPDATE:"session-update"},c={SAME_TAB:"same-tab",CROSS_TAB:"cross-tab"},u={OFF:0,FULL:1,ERROR:2}},1863:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(){return Math.floor(performance.now())}r.d(t,{t:()=>n})},7485:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{D:()=>i});var n=r(6154);function i(e){if(0===(e||"").indexOf("data:"))return{protocol:"data"};try{const t=new URL(e,location.href),r={port:t.port,hostname:t.hostname,pathname:t.pathname,search:t.search,protocol:t.protocol.slice(0,t.protocol.indexOf(":")),sameOrigin:t.protocol===n.gm?.location?.protocol&&t.host===n.gm?.location?.host};return r.port&&""!==r.port||("http:"===t.protocol&&(r.port="80"),"https:"===t.protocol&&(r.port="443")),r.pathname&&""!==r.pathname?r.pathname.startsWith("/")||(r.pathname="/".concat(r.pathname)):r.pathname="/",r}catch(e){return{}}}},944:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t){"function"==typeof console.debug&&console.debug("New Relic Warning: https://github.com/newrelic/newrelic-browser-agent/blob/main/docs/warning-codes.md#".concat(e),t)}r.d(t,{R:()=>n})},5284:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{t:()=>c,B:()=>s});var n=r(7836),i=r(6154);const o="newrelic";const a=new Set,s={};function c(e,t){const r=n.ee.get(t);s[t]??={},e&&"object"==typeof e&&(a.has(t)||(r.emit("rumresp",[e]),s[t]=e,a.add(t),function(e={}){try{i.gm.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent(o,{detail:e}))}catch(e){}}({loaded:!0})))}},8990:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{I:()=>i});var n=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;function i(e,t,r){if(n.call(e,t))return e[t];var i=r();if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.defineProperty(e,t,{value:i,writable:!0,enumerable:!1}),i}catch(e){}return e[t]=i,i}},6389:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t=500,r={}){const n=r?.leading||!1;let i;return(...r)=>{n&&void 0===i&&(e.apply(this,r),i=setTimeout((()=>{i=clearTimeout(i)}),t)),n||(clearTimeout(i),i=setTimeout((()=>{e.apply(this,r)}),t))}}function i(e){let t=!1;return(...r)=>{t||(t=!0,e.apply(this,r))}}r.d(t,{J:()=>i,s:()=>n})},3304:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{A:()=>o});var n=r(7836);const i=()=>{const e=new WeakSet;return(t,r)=>{if("object"==typeof r&&null!==r){if(e.has(r))return;e.add(r)}return r}};function o(e){try{return JSON.stringify(e,i())??""}catch(e){try{n.ee.emit("internal-error",[e])}catch(e){}return""}}},5289:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{GG:()=>o,sB:()=>a});var n=r(3878);function i(){return"undefined"==typeof document||"complete"===document.readyState}function o(e,t){if(i())return e();(0,n.sp)("load",e,t)}function a(e){if(i())return e();(0,n.DD)("DOMContentLoaded",e)}},384:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{NT:()=>o,US:()=>d,Zm:()=>a,bQ:()=>c,dV:()=>s,nY:()=>u,pV:()=>l});var n=r(6154),i=r(1863);const o={beacon:"bam.nr-data.net",errorBeacon:"bam.nr-data.net"};function a(){return n.gm.NREUM||(n.gm.NREUM={}),void 0===n.gm.newrelic&&(n.gm.newrelic=n.gm.NREUM),n.gm.NREUM}function s(){let e=a();return e.o||(e.o={ST:n.gm.setTimeout,SI:n.gm.setImmediate,CT:n.gm.clearTimeout,XHR:n.gm.XMLHttpRequest,REQ:n.gm.Request,EV:n.gm.Event,PR:n.gm.Promise,MO:n.gm.MutationObserver,FETCH:n.gm.fetch,WS:n.gm.WebSocket}),e}function c(e,t){let r=a();r.initializedAgents??={},t.initializedAt={ms:(0,i.t)(),date:new Date},r.initializedAgents[e]=t}function u(e){let t=a();return t.initializedAgents?.[e]}function d(e,t){a()[e]=t}function l(){return function(){let e=a();const t=e.info||{};e.info={beacon:o.beacon,errorBeacon:o.errorBeacon,...t}}(),function(){let e=a();const t=e.init||{};e.init={...t}}(),s(),function(){let e=a();const t=e.loader_config||{};e.loader_config={...t}}(),a()}},2843:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{u:()=>i});var n=r(3878);function i(e,t=!1,r,i){(0,n.DD)("visibilitychange",(function(){if(t)return void("hidden"===document.visibilityState&&e());e(document.visibilityState)}),r,i)}},8139:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{u:()=>f});var n=r(7836),i=r(3434),o=r(8990),a=r(6154);const s={},c=a.gm.XMLHttpRequest,u="addEventListener",d="removeEventListener",l="nr@wrapped:".concat(n.P);function f(e){var t=function(e){return(e||n.ee).get("events")}(e);if(s[t.debugId]++)return t;s[t.debugId]=1;var r=(0,i.YM)(t,!0);function f(e){r.inPlace(e,[u,d],"-",p)}function p(e,t){return e[1]}return"getPrototypeOf"in Object&&(a.RI&&h(document,f),c&&h(c.prototype,f),h(a.gm,f)),t.on(u+"-start",(function(e,t){var n=e[1];if(null!==n&&("function"==typeof n||"object"==typeof n)){var i=(0,o.I)(n,l,(function(){var e={object:function(){if("function"!=typeof n.handleEvent)return;return n.handleEvent.apply(n,arguments)},function:n}[typeof n];return e?r(e,"fn-",null,e.name||"anonymous"):n}));this.wrapped=e[1]=i}})),t.on(d+"-start",(function(e){e[1]=this.wrapped||e[1]})),t}function h(e,t,...r){let n=e;for(;"object"==typeof n&&!Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(n,u);)n=Object.getPrototypeOf(n);n&&t(n,...r)}},3434:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Jt:()=>o,YM:()=>c});var n=r(7836),i=r(5607);const o="nr@original:".concat(i.W);var a=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty,s=!1;function c(e,t){return e||(e=n.ee),r.inPlace=function(e,t,n,i,o){n||(n="");const a="-"===n.charAt(0);for(let s=0;s<t.length;s++){const c=t[s],u=e[c];d(u)||(e[c]=r(u,a?c+n:n,i,c,o))}},r.flag=o,r;function r(t,r,n,s,c){return d(t)?t:(r||(r=""),nrWrapper[o]=t,function(e,t,r){if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.keys(e).forEach((function(r){Object.defineProperty(t,r,{get:function(){return e[r]},set:function(t){return e[r]=t,t}})})),t}catch(e){u([e],r)}for(var n in e)a.call(e,n)&&(t[n]=e[n])}(t,nrWrapper,e),nrWrapper);function nrWrapper(){var o,a,d,l;try{a=this,o=[...arguments],d="function"==typeof n?n(o,a):n||{}}catch(t){u([t,"",[o,a,s],d],e)}i(r+"start",[o,a,s],d,c);try{return l=t.apply(a,o)}catch(e){throw i(r+"err",[o,a,e],d,c),e}finally{i(r+"end",[o,a,l],d,c)}}}function i(r,n,i,o){if(!s||t){var a=s;s=!0;try{e.emit(r,n,i,t,o)}catch(t){u([t,r,n,i],e)}s=a}}}function u(e,t){t||(t=n.ee);try{t.emit("internal-error",e)}catch(e){}}function d(e){return!(e&&"function"==typeof e&&e.apply&&!e[o])}},9300:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.ajax},3333:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{$v:()=>u,TZ:()=>n,Zp:()=>i,kd:()=>c,mq:()=>s,nf:()=>a,qN:()=>o});const n=r(860).K7.genericEvents,i=["auxclick","click","copy","keydown","paste","scrollend"],o=["focus","blur"],a=4,s=1e3,c=["PageAction","UserAction","BrowserPerformance"],u={MARKS:"experimental.marks",MEASURES:"experimental.measures",RESOURCES:"experimental.resources"}},6774:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.jserrors},993:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{ET:()=>o,TZ:()=>a,p_:()=>i});var n=r(860);const i={ERROR:"ERROR",WARN:"WARN",INFO:"INFO",DEBUG:"DEBUG",TRACE:"TRACE"},o="log",a=n.K7.logging},3785:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{R:()=>c,b:()=>u});var n=r(9908),i=r(1863),o=r(860),a=r(3969),s=r(993);function c(e,t,r={},c=s.p_.INFO){(0,n.p)(a.xV,["API/logging/".concat(c.toLowerCase(),"/called")],void 0,o.K7.metrics,e),(0,n.p)(s.ET,[(0,i.t)(),t,r,c],void 0,o.K7.logging,e)}function u(e){return"string"==typeof e&&Object.values(s.p_).some((t=>t===e.toUpperCase().trim()))}},3969:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{TZ:()=>n,XG:()=>s,rs:()=>i,xV:()=>a,z_:()=>o});const n=r(860).K7.metrics,i="sm",o="cm",a="storeSupportabilityMetrics",s="storeEventMetrics"},6630:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.pageViewEvent},782:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.pageViewTiming},6344:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{BB:()=>d,G4:()=>o,Qb:()=>l,TZ:()=>i,Ug:()=>a,_s:()=>s,bc:()=>u,yP:()=>c});var n=r(2614);const i=r(860).K7.sessionReplay,o={RECORD:"recordReplay",PAUSE:"pauseReplay",REPLAY_RUNNING:"replayRunning",ERROR_DURING_REPLAY:"errorDuringReplay"},a=.12,s={DomContentLoaded:0,Load:1,FullSnapshot:2,IncrementalSnapshot:3,Meta:4,Custom:5},c={[n.g.ERROR]:15e3,[n.g.FULL]:3e5,[n.g.OFF]:0},u={RESET:{message:"Session was reset",sm:"Reset"},IMPORT:{message:"Recorder failed to import",sm:"Import"},TOO_MANY:{message:"429: Too Many Requests",sm:"Too-Many"},TOO_BIG:{message:"Payload was too large",sm:"Too-Big"},CROSS_TAB:{message:"Session Entity was set to OFF on another tab",sm:"Cross-Tab"},ENTITLEMENTS:{message:"Session Replay is not allowed and will not be started",sm:"Entitlement"}},d=5e3,l={API:"api"}},5270:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Aw:()=>c,CT:()=>u,SR:()=>s});var n=r(384),i=r(9417),o=r(7767),a=r(6154);function s(e){return!!(0,n.dV)().o.MO&&(0,o.V)(e)&&!0===(0,i.gD)(e,"session_trace.enabled")}function c(e){return!0===(0,i.gD)(e,"session_replay.preload")&&s(e)}function u(e,t){const r=t.correctAbsoluteTimestamp(e);return{originalTimestamp:e,correctedTimestamp:r,timestampDiff:e-r,originTime:a.WN,correctedOriginTime:t.correctedOriginTime,originTimeDiff:Math.floor(a.WN-t.correctedOriginTime)}}},3738:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{He:()=>i,Kp:()=>s,Lc:()=>u,Rz:()=>d,TZ:()=>n,bD:()=>o,d3:()=>a,jx:()=>l,uP:()=>c});const n=r(860).K7.sessionTrace,i="bstResource",o="resource",a="-start",s="-end",c="fn"+a,u="fn"+s,d="pushState",l=1e3},3962:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{AM:()=>o,O2:()=>c,Qu:()=>u,TZ:()=>s,ih:()=>d,pP:()=>a,tC:()=>i});var n=r(860);const i=["click","keydown","submit","popstate"],o="api",a="initialPageLoad",s=n.K7.softNav,c={INITIAL_PAGE_LOAD:"",ROUTE_CHANGE:1,UNSPECIFIED:2},u={INTERACTION:1,AJAX:2,CUSTOM_END:3,CUSTOM_TRACER:4},d={IP:"in progress",FIN:"finished",CAN:"cancelled"}},7378:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{$p:()=>x,BR:()=>b,Kp:()=>R,L3:()=>y,Lc:()=>c,NC:()=>o,SG:()=>d,TZ:()=>i,U6:()=>p,UT:()=>m,d3:()=>w,dT:()=>f,e5:()=>T,gx:()=>v,l9:()=>l,oW:()=>h,op:()=>g,rw:()=>u,tH:()=>A,uP:()=>s,wW:()=>E,xq:()=>a});var n=r(384);const i=r(860).K7.spa,o=["click","submit","keypress","keydown","keyup","change"],a=999,s="fn-start",c="fn-end",u="cb-start",d="api-ixn-",l="remaining",f="interaction",h="spaNode",p="jsonpNode",g="fetch-start",m="fetch-done",v="fetch-body-",b="jsonp-end",y=(0,n.dV)().o.ST,w="-start",R="-end",x="-body",E="cb"+R,T="jsTime",A="fetch"},4234:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{W:()=>o});var n=r(7836),i=r(1687);class o{constructor(e,t){this.agentIdentifier=e,this.ee=n.ee.get(e),this.featureName=t,this.blocked=!1}deregisterDrain(){(0,i.x3)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName)}}},7767:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{V:()=>o});var n=r(9417),i=r(6154);const o=e=>i.RI&&!0===(0,n.gD)(e,"privacy.cookies_enabled")},425:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{j:()=>j});var n=r(860),i=r(2555),o=r(3371),a=r(9908),s=r(7836),c=r(1687),u=r(5289),d=r(6154),l=r(944),f=r(3969),h=r(384),p=r(6344);const g=["setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","addRelease","recordCustomEvent","addPageAction","setCurrentRouteName","setPageViewName","setCustomAttribute","interaction","noticeError","setUserId","setApplicationVersion","start",p.G4.RECORD,p.G4.PAUSE,"log","wrapLogger"],m=["setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","addRelease"];var v=r(1863),b=r(2614),y=r(993),w=r(3785),R=r(2646),x=r(3434);const E=new Map;function T(e,t,r,n){if("object"!=typeof t||!t||"string"!=typeof r||!r||"function"!=typeof t[r])return(0,l.R)(29);const i=function(e){return(e||s.ee).get("logger")}(e),o=(0,x.YM)(i),a=new R.y(s.P);a.level=n.level,a.customAttributes=n.customAttributes;const c=t[r]?.[x.Jt]||t[r];return E.set(c,a),o.inPlace(t,[r],"wrap-logger-",(()=>E.get(c))),i}function A(){const e=(0,h.pV)();g.forEach((t=>{e[t]=(...r)=>function(t,...r){let n=[];return Object.values(e.initializedAgents).forEach((e=>{e&&e.api?e.exposed&&e.api[t]&&n.push(e.api[t](...r)):(0,l.R)(38,t)})),n.length>1?n:n[0]}(t,...r)}))}const S={};var N=r(9417),_=r(5603),O=r(5284);const I=e=>{const t=e.startsWith("http");e+="/",r.p=t?e:"https://"+e};let P=!1;function j(e,t={},g,R){let{init:x,info:E,loader_config:j,runtime:C={},exposed:k=!0}=t;C.loaderType=g;const L=(0,h.pV)();E||(x=L.init,E=L.info,j=L.loader_config),(0,N.xN)(e.agentIdentifier,x||{}),(0,_.a)(e.agentIdentifier,j||{}),E.jsAttributes??={},d.bv&&(E.jsAttributes.isWorker=!0),(0,i.x1)(e.agentIdentifier,E);const H=(0,N.D0)(e.agentIdentifier),M=[E.beacon,E.errorBeacon];P||(H.proxy.assets&&(I(H.proxy.assets),M.push(H.proxy.assets)),H.proxy.beacon&&M.push(H.proxy.beacon),A(),(0,h.US)("activatedFeatures",O.B),e.runSoftNavOverSpa&&=!0===H.soft_navigations.enabled&&H.feature_flags.includes("soft_nav")),C.denyList=[...H.ajax.deny_list||[],...H.ajax.block_internal?M:[]],C.ptid=e.agentIdentifier,(0,o.V)(e.agentIdentifier,C),e.ee=s.ee.get(e.agentIdentifier),void 0===e.api&&(e.api=function(e,t,h=!1){t||(0,c.Ak)(e,"api");const g={};var R=s.ee.get(e),x=R.get("tracer");S[e]=b.g.OFF,R.on(p.G4.REPLAY_RUNNING,(t=>{S[e]=t}));var E="api-",A=E+"ixn-";function N(t,r,n,o){const a=(0,i.Vp)(e);return null===r?delete a.jsAttributes[t]:(0,i.x1)(e,{...a,jsAttributes:{...a.jsAttributes,[t]:r}}),I(E,n,!0,o||null===r?"session":void 0)(t,r)}function _(){}g.log=function(e,{customAttributes:t={},level:r=y.p_.INFO}={}){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/log/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),(0,w.R)(R,e,t,r)},g.wrapLogger=(e,t,{customAttributes:r={},level:i=y.p_.INFO}={})=>{(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/wrapLogger/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),T(R,e,t,{customAttributes:r,level:i})},m.forEach((e=>{g[e]=I(E,e,!0,"api")})),g.addPageAction=I(E,"addPageAction",!0,n.K7.genericEvents),g.recordCustomEvent=I(E,"recordCustomEvent",!0,n.K7.genericEvents),g.setPageViewName=function(t,r){if("string"==typeof t)return"/"!==t.charAt(0)&&(t="/"+t),(0,o.f)(e).customTransaction=(r||"http://custom.transaction")+t,I(E,"setPageViewName",!0)()},g.setCustomAttribute=function(e,t,r=!1){if("string"==typeof e){if(["string","number","boolean"].includes(typeof t)||null===t)return N(e,t,"setCustomAttribute",r);(0,l.R)(40,typeof t)}else(0,l.R)(39,typeof e)},g.setUserId=function(e){if("string"==typeof e||null===e)return N("enduser.id",e,"setUserId",!0);(0,l.R)(41,typeof e)},g.setApplicationVersion=function(e){if("string"==typeof e||null===e)return N("application.version",e,"setApplicationVersion",!1);(0,l.R)(42,typeof e)},g.start=()=>{try{(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/start/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),R.emit("manual-start-all")}catch(e){(0,l.R)(23,e)}},g[p.G4.RECORD]=function(){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/recordReplay/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),(0,a.p)(p.G4.RECORD,[],void 0,n.K7.sessionReplay,R)},g[p.G4.PAUSE]=function(){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/pauseReplay/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),(0,a.p)(p.G4.PAUSE,[],void 0,n.K7.sessionReplay,R)},g.interaction=function(e){return(new _).get("object"==typeof e?e:{})};const O=_.prototype={createTracer:function(e,t){var r={},i=this,o="function"==typeof t;return(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/createTracer/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),h||(0,a.p)(A+"tracer",[(0,v.t)(),e,r],i,n.K7.spa,R),function(){if(x.emit((o?"":"no-")+"fn-start",[(0,v.t)(),i,o],r),o)try{return t.apply(this,arguments)}catch(e){const t="string"==typeof e?new Error(e):e;throw x.emit("fn-err",[arguments,this,t],r),t}finally{x.emit("fn-end",[(0,v.t)()],r)}}}};function I(e,t,r,i){return function(){return(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/"+t+"/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),i&&(0,a.p)(e+t,[r?(0,v.t)():performance.now(),...arguments],r?null:this,i,R),r?void 0:this}}function P(){r.e(478).then(r.bind(r,8778)).then((({setAPI:t})=>{t(e),(0,c.Ze)(e,"api")})).catch((e=>{(0,l.R)(27,e),R.abort()}))}return["actionText","setName","setAttribute","save","ignore","onEnd","getContext","end","get"].forEach((e=>{O[e]=I(A,e,void 0,h?n.K7.softNav:n.K7.spa)})),g.setCurrentRouteName=h?I(A,"routeName",void 0,n.K7.softNav):I(E,"routeName",!0,n.K7.spa),g.noticeError=function(t,r){"string"==typeof t&&(t=new Error(t)),(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/noticeError/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),(0,a.p)("err",[t,(0,v.t)(),!1,r,!!S[e]],void 0,n.K7.jserrors,R)},d.RI?(0,u.GG)((()=>P()),!0):P(),g}(e.agentIdentifier,R,e.runSoftNavOverSpa)),void 0===e.exposed&&(e.exposed=k),P=!0}},8374:(e,t,r)=>{r.nc=(()=>{try{return document?.currentScript?.nonce}catch(e){}return""})()},860:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{$J:()=>u,K7:()=>s,P3:()=>c,XX:()=>i,qY:()=>n,v4:()=>a});const n="events",i="jserrors",o="browser/blobs",a="rum",s={ajax:"ajax",genericEvents:"generic_events",jserrors:i,logging:"logging",metrics:"metrics",pageAction:"page_action",pageViewEvent:"page_view_event",pageViewTiming:"page_view_timing",sessionReplay:"session_replay",sessionTrace:"session_trace",softNav:"soft_navigations",spa:"spa"},c={[s.pageViewEvent]:1,[s.pageViewTiming]:2,[s.metrics]:3,[s.jserrors]:4,[s.spa]:5,[s.ajax]:6,[s.sessionTrace]:7,[s.softNav]:8,[s.sessionReplay]:9,[s.logging]:10,[s.genericEvents]:11},u={[s.pageViewEvent]:a,[s.pageViewTiming]:n,[s.ajax]:n,[s.spa]:n,[s.softNav]:n,[s.metrics]:i,[s.jserrors]:i,[s.sessionTrace]:o,[s.sessionReplay]:o,[s.logging]:"browser/logs",[s.genericEvents]:"ins"}}},n={};function i(e){var t=n[e];if(void 0!==t)return t.exports;var o=n[e]={exports:{}};return r[e](o,o.exports,i),o.exports}i.m=r,i.d=(e,t)=>{for(var r in t)i.o(t,r)&&!i.o(e,r)&&Object.defineProperty(e,r,{enumerable:!0,get:t[r]})},i.f={},i.e=e=>Promise.all(Object.keys(i.f).reduce(((t,r)=>(i.f[r](e,t),t)),[])),i.u=e=>({212:"nr-spa-compressor",249:"nr-spa-recorder",478:"nr-spa"}[e]+"-1.281.0.min.js"),i.o=(e,t)=>Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(e,t),e={},t="NRBA-1.281.0.PROD:",i.l=(r,n,o,a)=>{if(e[r])e[r].push(n);else{var s,c;if(void 0!==o)for(var u=document.getElementsByTagName("script"),d=0;d<u.length;d++){var l=u[d];if(l.getAttribute("src")==r||l.getAttribute("data-webpack")==t+o){s=l;break}}if(!s){c=!0;var f={478:"sha512-jmvAlmjCn64ans8tLueqHRlBI/iWekylsDWb94A77CG0ukSriVDvgD3dThx+XjUSBBBMYhFn8B1a18fViyBPEQ==",249:"sha512-ICY/ZrcytM/86t5KFy+9OAWVYmNNJy10EBtxoSUGjQWuZx53p/eLo+L8HfrGjvHuRHRnutqLTGSnvNttffJkaA==",212:"sha512-pQSn+X/RfBOvx/49HvlghaiXMLhhDQXTi13n1N2XMpDquWJgs9U0pbqE3RbAnYC9nsdaTu/RVGvneEPv1fpCxA=="};(s=document.createElement("script")).charset="utf-8",s.timeout=120,i.nc&&s.setAttribute("nonce",i.nc),s.setAttribute("data-webpack",t+o),s.src=r,0!==s.src.indexOf(window.location.origin+"/")&&(s.crossOrigin="anonymous"),f[a]&&(s.integrity=f[a])}e[r]=[n];var h=(t,n)=>{s.onerror=s.onload=null,clearTimeout(p);var i=e[r];if(delete e[r],s.parentNode&&s.parentNode.removeChild(s),i&&i.forEach((e=>e(n))),t)return t(n)},p=setTimeout(h.bind(null,void 0,{type:"timeout",target:s}),12e4);s.onerror=h.bind(null,s.onerror),s.onload=h.bind(null,s.onload),c&&document.head.appendChild(s)}},i.r=e=>{"undefined"!=typeof Symbol&&Symbol.toStringTag&&Object.defineProperty(e,Symbol.toStringTag,{value:"Module"}),Object.defineProperty(e,"__esModule",{value:!0})},i.p="https://js-agent.newrelic.com/",(()=>{var e={38:0,788:0};i.f.j=(t,r)=>{var n=i.o(e,t)?e[t]:void 0;if(0!==n)if(n)r.push(n[2]);else{var o=new Promise(((r,i)=>n=e[t]=[r,i]));r.push(n[2]=o);var a=i.p+i.u(t),s=new Error;i.l(a,(r=>{if(i.o(e,t)&&(0!==(n=e[t])&&(e[t]=void 0),n)){var o=r&&("load"===r.type?"missing":r.type),a=r&&r.target&&r.target.src;s.message="Loading chunk "+t+" failed.\n("+o+": "+a+")",s.name="ChunkLoadError",s.type=o,s.request=a,n[1](s)}}),"chunk-"+t,t)}};var t=(t,r)=>{var n,o,[a,s,c]=r,u=0;if(a.some((t=>0!==e[t]))){for(n in s)i.o(s,n)&&(i.m[n]=s[n]);if(c)c(i)}for(t&&t(r);u<a.length;u++)o=a[u],i.o(e,o)&&e[o]&&e[o][0](),e[o]=0},r=self["webpackChunk:NRBA-1.281.0.PROD"]=self["webpackChunk:NRBA-1.281.0.PROD"]||[];r.forEach(t.bind(null,0)),r.push=t.bind(null,r.push.bind(r))})(),(()=>{"use strict";i(8374);var e=i(944),t=i(6344),r=i(9566);class n{agentIdentifier;constructor(){this.agentIdentifier=(0,r.LA)(16)}#e(t,...r){if("function"==typeof this.api?.[t])return this.api[t](...r);(0,e.R)(35,t)}addPageAction(e,t){return this.#e("addPageAction",e,t)}recordCustomEvent(e,t){return this.#e("recordCustomEvent",e,t)}setPageViewName(e,t){return this.#e("setPageViewName",e,t)}setCustomAttribute(e,t,r){return this.#e("setCustomAttribute",e,t,r)}noticeError(e,t){return this.#e("noticeError",e,t)}setUserId(e){return this.#e("setUserId",e)}setApplicationVersion(e){return this.#e("setApplicationVersion",e)}setErrorHandler(e){return this.#e("setErrorHandler",e)}addRelease(e,t){return this.#e("addRelease",e,t)}log(e,t){return this.#e("log",e,t)}}class o extends n{#e(t,...r){if("function"==typeof this.api?.[t])return this.api[t](...r);(0,e.R)(35,t)}start(){return this.#e("start")}finished(e){return this.#e("finished",e)}recordReplay(){return this.#e(t.G4.RECORD)}pauseReplay(){return this.#e(t.G4.PAUSE)}addToTrace(e){return this.#e("addToTrace",e)}setCurrentRouteName(e){return this.#e("setCurrentRouteName",e)}interaction(){return this.#e("interaction")}wrapLogger(e,t,r){return this.#e("wrapLogger",e,t,r)}}var a=i(860),s=i(9417);const c=Object.values(a.K7);function u(e){const t={};return c.forEach((r=>{t[r]=function(e,t){return!0===(0,s.gD)(t,"".concat(e,".enabled"))}(r,e)})),t}var d=i(425);var l=i(1687),f=i(4234),h=i(5289),p=i(6154),g=i(5270),m=i(7767),v=i(6389);class b extends f.W{constructor(e,t,r=!0){super(e.agentIdentifier,t),this.auto=r,this.abortHandler=void 0,this.featAggregate=void 0,this.onAggregateImported=void 0,!1===e.init[this.featureName].autoStart&&(this.auto=!1),this.auto?(0,l.Ak)(e.agentIdentifier,t):this.ee.on("manual-start-all",(0,v.J)((()=>{(0,l.Ak)(e.agentIdentifier,this.featureName),this.auto=!0,this.importAggregator(e)})))}importAggregator(t,r={}){if(this.featAggregate||!this.auto)return;let n;this.onAggregateImported=new Promise((e=>{n=e}));const o=async()=>{let o;try{if((0,m.V)(this.agentIdentifier)){const{setupAgentSession:e}=await i.e(478).then(i.bind(i,6526));o=e(t)}}catch(t){(0,e.R)(20,t),this.ee.emit("internal-error",[t]),this.featureName===a.K7.sessionReplay&&this.abortHandler?.()}try{if(!this.#t(this.featureName,o))return(0,l.Ze)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName),void n(!1);const{lazyFeatureLoader:e}=await i.e(478).then(i.bind(i,6103)),{Aggregate:a}=await e(this.featureName,"aggregate");this.featAggregate=new a(t,r),t.runtime.harvester.initializedAggregates.push(this.featAggregate),n(!0)}catch(t){(0,e.R)(34,t),this.abortHandler?.(),(0,l.Ze)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName,!0),n(!1),this.ee&&this.ee.abort()}};p.RI?(0,h.GG)((()=>o()),!0):o()}#t(e,t){switch(e){case a.K7.sessionReplay:return(0,g.SR)(this.agentIdentifier)&&!!t;case a.K7.sessionTrace:return!!t;default:return!0}}}var y=i(6630);class w extends b{static featureName=y.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,y.T,t),this.importAggregator(e)}}var R=i(384);var x=i(9908),E=i(2843),T=i(3878),A=i(782),S=i(1863);class N extends b{static featureName=A.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,A.T,t),p.RI&&((0,E.u)((()=>(0,x.p)("docHidden",[(0,S.t)()],void 0,A.T,this.ee)),!0),(0,T.sp)("pagehide",(()=>(0,x.p)("winPagehide",[(0,S.t)()],void 0,A.T,this.ee))),this.importAggregator(e))}}var _=i(3969);class O extends b{static featureName=_.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,_.TZ,t),this.importAggregator(e)}}var I=i(6774),P=i(3304);class j{constructor(e,t,r,n,i){this.name="UncaughtError",this.message="string"==typeof e?e:(0,P.A)(e),this.sourceURL=t,this.line=r,this.column=n,this.__newrelic=i}}function C(e){return H(e)?e:new j(void 0!==e?.message?e.message:e,e?.filename||e?.sourceURL,e?.lineno||e?.line,e?.colno||e?.col,e?.__newrelic)}function k(e){const t="Unhandled Promise Rejection";if(!e?.reason)return;if(H(e.reason))try{return e.reason.message=t+": "+e.reason.message,C(e.reason)}catch(t){return C(e.reason)}const r=C(e.reason);return r.message=t+": "+r?.message,r}function L(e){if(e.error instanceof SyntaxError&&!/:\d+$/.test(e.error.stack?.trim())){const t=new j(e.message,e.filename,e.lineno,e.colno,e.error.__newrelic);return t.name=SyntaxError.name,t}return H(e.error)?e.error:C(e)}function H(e){return e instanceof Error&&!!e.stack}class M extends b{static featureName=I.T;#r=!1;constructor(e,r=!0){super(e,I.T,r);try{this.removeOnAbort=new AbortController}catch(e){}this.ee.on("internal-error",((e,t)=>{this.abortHandler&&(0,x.p)("ierr",[C(e),(0,S.t)(),!0,{},this.#r,t],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)})),this.ee.on(t.G4.REPLAY_RUNNING,(e=>{this.#r=e})),p.gm.addEventListener("unhandledrejection",(e=>{this.abortHandler&&(0,x.p)("err",[k(e),(0,S.t)(),!1,{unhandledPromiseRejection:1},this.#r],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)}),(0,T.jT)(!1,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)),p.gm.addEventListener("error",(e=>{this.abortHandler&&(0,x.p)("err",[L(e),(0,S.t)(),!1,{},this.#r],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)}),(0,T.jT)(!1,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)),this.abortHandler=this.#n,this.importAggregator(e)}#n(){this.removeOnAbort?.abort(),this.abortHandler=void 0}}var D=i(8990);let K=1;const U="nr@id";function V(e){const t=typeof e;return!e||"object"!==t&&"function"!==t?-1:e===p.gm?0:(0,D.I)(e,U,(function(){return K++}))}function G(e){if("string"==typeof e&&e.length)return e.length;if("object"==typeof e){if("undefined"!=typeof ArrayBuffer&&e instanceof ArrayBuffer&&e.byteLength)return e.byteLength;if("undefined"!=typeof Blob&&e instanceof Blob&&e.size)return e.size;if(!("undefined"!=typeof FormData&&e instanceof FormData))try{return(0,P.A)(e).length}catch(e){return}}}var F=i(8139),B=i(7836),W=i(3434);const z={},q=["open","send"];function Z(t){var r=t||B.ee;const n=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("xhr")}(r);if(void 0===p.gm.XMLHttpRequest)return n;if(z[n.debugId]++)return n;z[n.debugId]=1,(0,F.u)(r);var i=(0,W.YM)(n),o=p.gm.XMLHttpRequest,a=p.gm.MutationObserver,s=p.gm.Promise,c=p.gm.setInterval,u="readystatechange",d=["onload","onerror","onabort","onloadstart","onloadend","onprogress","ontimeout"],l=[],f=p.gm.XMLHttpRequest=function(t){const r=new o(t),a=n.context(r);try{n.emit("new-xhr",[r],a),r.addEventListener(u,(s=a,function(){var e=this;e.readyState>3&&!s.resolved&&(s.resolved=!0,n.emit("xhr-resolved",[],e)),i.inPlace(e,d,"fn-",y)}),(0,T.jT)(!1))}catch(t){(0,e.R)(15,t);try{n.emit("internal-error",[t])}catch(e){}}var s;return r};function h(e,t){i.inPlace(t,["onreadystatechange"],"fn-",y)}if(function(e,t){for(var r in e)t[r]=e[r]}(o,f),f.prototype=o.prototype,i.inPlace(f.prototype,q,"-xhr-",y),n.on("send-xhr-start",(function(e,t){h(e,t),function(e){l.push(e),a&&(g?g.then(b):c?c(b):(m=-m,v.data=m))}(t)})),n.on("open-xhr-start",h),a){var g=s&&s.resolve();if(!c&&!s){var m=1,v=document.createTextNode(m);new a(b).observe(v,{characterData:!0})}}else r.on("fn-end",(function(e){e[0]&&e[0].type===u||b()}));function b(){for(var e=0;e<l.length;e++)h(0,l[e]);l.length&&(l=[])}function y(e,t){return t}return n}var Y="fetch-",X=Y+"body-",J=["arrayBuffer","blob","json","text","formData"],Q=p.gm.Request,ee=p.gm.Response,te="prototype";const re={};function ne(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("fetch")}(e);if(!(Q&&ee&&p.gm.fetch))return t;if(re[t.debugId]++)return t;function r(e,r,n){var i=e[r];"function"==typeof i&&(e[r]=function(){var e,r=[...arguments],o={};t.emit(n+"before-start",[r],o),o[B.P]&&o[B.P].dt&&(e=o[B.P].dt);var a=i.apply(this,r);return t.emit(n+"start",[r,e],a),a.then((function(e){return t.emit(n+"end",[null,e],a),e}),(function(e){throw t.emit(n+"end",[e],a),e}))})}return re[t.debugId]=1,J.forEach((e=>{r(Q[te],e,X),r(ee[te],e,X)})),r(p.gm,"fetch",Y),t.on(Y+"end",(function(e,r){var n=this;if(r){var i=r.headers.get("content-length");null!==i&&(n.rxSize=i),t.emit(Y+"done",[null,r],n)}else t.emit(Y+"done",[e],n)})),t}var ie=i(7485),oe=i(5603);class ae{constructor(e){this.agentIdentifier=e}generateTracePayload(e){if(!this.shouldGenerateTrace(e))return null;var t=(0,oe.o)(this.agentIdentifier);if(!t)return null;var n=(t.accountID||"").toString()||null,i=(t.agentID||"").toString()||null,o=(t.trustKey||"").toString()||null;if(!n||!i)return null;var a=(0,r.ZF)(),s=(0,r.el)(),c=Date.now(),u={spanId:a,traceId:s,timestamp:c};return(e.sameOrigin||this.isAllowedOrigin(e)&&this.useTraceContextHeadersForCors())&&(u.traceContextParentHeader=this.generateTraceContextParentHeader(a,s),u.traceContextStateHeader=this.generateTraceContextStateHeader(a,c,n,i,o)),(e.sameOrigin&&!this.excludeNewrelicHeader()||!e.sameOrigin&&this.isAllowedOrigin(e)&&this.useNewrelicHeaderForCors())&&(u.newrelicHeader=this.generateTraceHeader(a,s,c,n,i,o)),u}generateTraceContextParentHeader(e,t){return"00-"+t+"-"+e+"-01"}generateTraceContextStateHeader(e,t,r,n,i){return i+"@nr=0-1-"+r+"-"+n+"-"+e+"----"+t}generateTraceHeader(e,t,r,n,i,o){if(!("function"==typeof p.gm?.btoa))return null;var a={v:[0,1],d:{ty:"Browser",ac:n,ap:i,id:e,tr:t,ti:r}};return o&&n!==o&&(a.d.tk=o),btoa((0,P.A)(a))}shouldGenerateTrace(e){return this.isDtEnabled()&&this.isAllowedOrigin(e)}isAllowedOrigin(e){var t=!1,r={};if((0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing")&&(r=(0,s.D0)(this.agentIdentifier).distributed_tracing),e.sameOrigin)t=!0;else if(r.allowed_origins instanceof Array)for(var n=0;n<r.allowed_origins.length;n++){var i=(0,ie.D)(r.allowed_origins[n]);if(e.hostname===i.hostname&&e.protocol===i.protocol&&e.port===i.port){t=!0;break}}return t}isDtEnabled(){var e=(0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing");return!!e&&!!e.enabled}excludeNewrelicHeader(){var e=(0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing");return!!e&&!!e.exclude_newrelic_header}useNewrelicHeaderForCors(){var e=(0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing");return!!e&&!1!==e.cors_use_newrelic_header}useTraceContextHeadersForCors(){var e=(0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing");return!!e&&!!e.cors_use_tracecontext_headers}}var se=i(9300),ce=i(7295),ue=["load","error","abort","timeout"],de=ue.length,le=(0,R.dV)().o.REQ,fe=(0,R.dV)().o.XHR;class he extends b{static featureName=se.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,se.T,t),this.dt=new ae(e.agentIdentifier),this.handler=(e,t,r,n)=>(0,x.p)(e,t,r,n,this.ee);try{const e={xmlhttprequest:"xhr",fetch:"fetch",beacon:"beacon"};p.gm?.performance?.getEntriesByType("resource").forEach((t=>{if(t.initiatorType in e&&0!==t.responseStatus){const r={status:t.responseStatus},n={rxSize:t.transferSize,duration:Math.floor(t.duration),cbTime:0};pe(r,t.name),this.handler("xhr",[r,n,t.startTime,t.responseEnd,e[t.initiatorType]],void 0,a.K7.ajax)}}))}catch(e){}ne(this.ee),Z(this.ee),function(e,t,r,n){function i(e){var t=this;t.totalCbs=0,t.called=0,t.cbTime=0,t.end=R,t.ended=!1,t.xhrGuids={},t.lastSize=null,t.loadCaptureCalled=!1,t.params=this.params||{},t.metrics=this.metrics||{},e.addEventListener("load",(function(r){E(t,e)}),(0,T.jT)(!1)),p.lR||e.addEventListener("progress",(function(e){t.lastSize=e.loaded}),(0,T.jT)(!1))}function o(e){this.params={method:e[0]},pe(this,e[1]),this.metrics={}}function s(t,r){e.loader_config.xpid&&this.sameOrigin&&r.setRequestHeader("X-NewRelic-ID",e.loader_config.xpid);var i=n.generateTracePayload(this.parsedOrigin);if(i){var o=!1;i.newrelicHeader&&(r.setRequestHeader("newrelic",i.newrelicHeader),o=!0),i.traceContextParentHeader&&(r.setRequestHeader("traceparent",i.traceContextParentHeader),i.traceContextStateHeader&&r.setRequestHeader("tracestate",i.traceContextStateHeader),o=!0),o&&(this.dt=i)}}function c(e,r){var n=this.metrics,i=e[0],o=this;if(n&&i){var a=G(i);a&&(n.txSize=a)}this.startTime=(0,S.t)(),this.body=i,this.listener=function(e){try{"abort"!==e.type||o.loadCaptureCalled||(o.params.aborted=!0),("load"!==e.type||o.called===o.totalCbs&&(o.onloadCalled||"function"!=typeof r.onload)&&"function"==typeof o.end)&&o.end(r)}catch(e){try{t.emit("internal-error",[e])}catch(e){}}};for(var s=0;s<de;s++)r.addEventListener(ue[s],this.listener,(0,T.jT)(!1))}function u(e,t,r){this.cbTime+=e,t?this.onloadCalled=!0:this.called+=1,this.called!==this.totalCbs||!this.onloadCalled&&"function"==typeof r.onload||"function"!=typeof this.end||this.end(r)}function d(e,t){var r=""+V(e)+!!t;this.xhrGuids&&!this.xhrGuids[r]&&(this.xhrGuids[r]=!0,this.totalCbs+=1)}function l(e,t){var r=""+V(e)+!!t;this.xhrGuids&&this.xhrGuids[r]&&(delete this.xhrGuids[r],this.totalCbs-=1)}function f(){this.endTime=(0,S.t)()}function h(e,r){r instanceof fe&&"load"===e[0]&&t.emit("xhr-load-added",[e[1],e[2]],r)}function g(e,r){r instanceof fe&&"load"===e[0]&&t.emit("xhr-load-removed",[e[1],e[2]],r)}function m(e,t,r){t instanceof fe&&("onload"===r&&(this.onload=!0),("load"===(e[0]&&e[0].type)||this.onload)&&(this.xhrCbStart=(0,S.t)()))}function v(e,r){this.xhrCbStart&&t.emit("xhr-cb-time",[(0,S.t)()-this.xhrCbStart,this.onload,r],r)}function b(e){var t,r=e[1]||{};if("string"==typeof e[0]?0===(t=e[0]).length&&p.RI&&(t=""+p.gm.location.href):e[0]&&e[0].url?t=e[0].url:p.gm?.URL&&e[0]&&e[0]instanceof URL?t=e[0].href:"function"==typeof e[0].toString&&(t=e[0].toString()),"string"==typeof t&&0!==t.length){t&&(this.parsedOrigin=(0,ie.D)(t),this.sameOrigin=this.parsedOrigin.sameOrigin);var i=n.generateTracePayload(this.parsedOrigin);if(i&&(i.newrelicHeader||i.traceContextParentHeader))if(e[0]&&e[0].headers)s(e[0].headers,i)&&(this.dt=i);else{var o={};for(var a in r)o[a]=r[a];o.headers=new Headers(r.headers||{}),s(o.headers,i)&&(this.dt=i),e.length>1?e[1]=o:e.push(o)}}function s(e,t){var r=!1;return t.newrelicHeader&&(e.set("newrelic",t.newrelicHeader),r=!0),t.traceContextParentHeader&&(e.set("traceparent",t.traceContextParentHeader),t.traceContextStateHeader&&e.set("tracestate",t.traceContextStateHeader),r=!0),r}}function y(e,t){this.params={},this.metrics={},this.startTime=(0,S.t)(),this.dt=t,e.length>=1&&(this.target=e[0]),e.length>=2&&(this.opts=e[1]);var r,n=this.opts||{},i=this.target;"string"==typeof i?r=i:"object"==typeof i&&i instanceof le?r=i.url:p.gm?.URL&&"object"==typeof i&&i instanceof URL&&(r=i.href),pe(this,r);var o=(""+(i&&i instanceof le&&i.method||n.method||"GET")).toUpperCase();this.params.method=o,this.body=n.body,this.txSize=G(n.body)||0}function w(e,t){if(this.endTime=(0,S.t)(),this.params||(this.params={}),(0,ce.iW)(this.params))return;let n;this.params.status=t?t.status:0,"string"==typeof this.rxSize&&this.rxSize.length>0&&(n=+this.rxSize);const i={txSize:this.txSize,rxSize:n,duration:(0,S.t)()-this.startTime};r("xhr",[this.params,i,this.startTime,this.endTime,"fetch"],this,a.K7.ajax)}function R(e){const t=this.params,n=this.metrics;if(!this.ended){this.ended=!0;for(let t=0;t<de;t++)e.removeEventListener(ue[t],this.listener,!1);t.aborted||(0,ce.iW)(t)||(n.duration=(0,S.t)()-this.startTime,this.loadCaptureCalled||4!==e.readyState?null==t.status&&(t.status=0):E(this,e),n.cbTime=this.cbTime,r("xhr",[t,n,this.startTime,this.endTime,"xhr"],this,a.K7.ajax))}}function E(e,r){e.params.status=r.status;var n=function(e,t){var r=e.responseType;return"json"===r&&null!==t?t:"arraybuffer"===r||"blob"===r||"json"===r?G(e.response):"text"===r||""===r||void 0===r?G(e.responseText):void 0}(r,e.lastSize);if(n&&(e.metrics.rxSize=n),e.sameOrigin){var i=r.getResponseHeader("X-NewRelic-App-Data");i&&((0,x.p)(_.rs,["Ajax/CrossApplicationTracing/Header/Seen"],void 0,a.K7.metrics,t),e.params.cat=i.split(", ").pop())}e.loadCaptureCalled=!0}t.on("new-xhr",i),t.on("open-xhr-start",o),t.on("open-xhr-end",s),t.on("send-xhr-start",c),t.on("xhr-cb-time",u),t.on("xhr-load-added",d),t.on("xhr-load-removed",l),t.on("xhr-resolved",f),t.on("addEventListener-end",h),t.on("removeEventListener-end",g),t.on("fn-end",v),t.on("fetch-before-start",b),t.on("fetch-start",y),t.on("fn-start",m),t.on("fetch-done",w)}(e,this.ee,this.handler,this.dt),this.importAggregator(e)}}function pe(e,t){var r=(0,ie.D)(t),n=e.params||e;n.hostname=r.hostname,n.port=r.port,n.protocol=r.protocol,n.host=r.hostname+":"+r.port,n.pathname=r.pathname,e.parsedOrigin=r,e.sameOrigin=r.sameOrigin}const ge={},me=["pushState","replaceState"];function ve(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("history")}(e);return!p.RI||ge[t.debugId]++||(ge[t.debugId]=1,(0,W.YM)(t).inPlace(window.history,me,"-")),t}var be=i(3738);const{He:ye,bD:we,d3:Re,Kp:xe,TZ:Ee,Lc:Te,uP:Ae,Rz:Se}=be;class Ne extends b{static featureName=Ee;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,Ee,t);if(!(0,m.V)(this.agentIdentifier))return void this.deregisterDrain();const r=this.ee;let n;ve(r),this.eventsEE=(0,F.u)(r),this.eventsEE.on(Ae,(function(e,t){this.bstStart=(0,S.t)()})),this.eventsEE.on(Te,(function(e,t){(0,x.p)("bst",[e[0],t,this.bstStart,(0,S.t)()],void 0,a.K7.sessionTrace,r)})),r.on(Se+Re,(function(e){this.time=(0,S.t)(),this.startPath=location.pathname+location.hash})),r.on(Se+xe,(function(e){(0,x.p)("bstHist",[location.pathname+location.hash,this.startPath,this.time],void 0,a.K7.sessionTrace,r)}));try{n=new PerformanceObserver((e=>{const t=e.getEntries();(0,x.p)(ye,[t],void 0,a.K7.sessionTrace,r)})),n.observe({type:we,buffered:!0})}catch(e){}this.importAggregator(e,{resourceObserver:n})}}var _e=i(2614);class Oe extends b{static featureName=t.TZ;#i;#o;constructor(e,r=!0){let n;super(e,t.TZ,r),this.replayRunning=!1,this.#o=e;try{n=JSON.parse(localStorage.getItem("".concat(_e.H3,"_").concat(_e.uh)))}catch(e){}(0,g.SR)(e.agentIdentifier)&&this.ee.on(t.G4.RECORD,(()=>this.#a())),this.#s(n)?(this.#i=n?.sessionReplayMode,this.#c()):this.importAggregator(e),this.ee.on("err",(e=>{this.replayRunning&&(this.errorNoticed=!0,(0,x.p)(t.G4.ERROR_DURING_REPLAY,[e],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee))})),this.ee.on(t.G4.REPLAY_RUNNING,(e=>{this.replayRunning=e}))}#s(e){return e&&(e.sessionReplayMode===_e.g.FULL||e.sessionReplayMode===_e.g.ERROR)||(0,g.Aw)(this.agentIdentifier)}#u=!1;async#c(e){if(!this.#u){this.#u=!0;try{const{Recorder:t}=await Promise.all([i.e(478),i.e(249)]).then(i.bind(i,8589));this.recorder??=new t({mode:this.#i,agentIdentifier:this.agentIdentifier,trigger:e,ee:this.ee,agentRef:this.#o}),this.recorder.startRecording(),this.abortHandler=this.recorder.stopRecording}catch(e){}this.importAggregator(this.#o,{recorder:this.recorder,errorNoticed:this.errorNoticed})}}#a(){this.featAggregate?this.featAggregate.mode!==_e.g.FULL&&this.featAggregate.initializeRecording(_e.g.FULL,!0):(this.#i=_e.g.FULL,this.#c(t.Qb.API),this.recorder&&this.recorder.parent.mode!==_e.g.FULL&&(this.recorder.parent.mode=_e.g.FULL,this.recorder.stopRecording(),this.recorder.startRecording(),this.abortHandler=this.recorder.stopRecording))}}var Ie=i(3962);class Pe extends b{static featureName=Ie.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){if(super(e,Ie.TZ,t),!p.RI||!(0,R.dV)().o.MO)return;const r=ve(this.ee);Ie.tC.forEach((e=>{(0,T.sp)(e,(e=>{a(e)}),!0)}));const n=()=>(0,x.p)("newURL",[(0,S.t)(),""+window.location],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee);r.on("pushState-end",n),r.on("replaceState-end",n);try{this.removeOnAbort=new AbortController}catch(e){}(0,T.sp)("popstate",(e=>(0,x.p)("newURL",[e.timeStamp,""+window.location],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)),!0,this.removeOnAbort?.signal);let i=!1;const o=new((0,R.dV)().o.MO)(((e,t)=>{i||(i=!0,requestAnimationFrame((()=>{(0,x.p)("newDom",[(0,S.t)()],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee),i=!1})))})),a=(0,v.s)((e=>{(0,x.p)("newUIEvent",[e],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee),o.observe(document.body,{attributes:!0,childList:!0,subtree:!0,characterData:!0})}),100,{leading:!0});this.abortHandler=function(){this.removeOnAbort?.abort(),o.disconnect(),this.abortHandler=void 0},this.importAggregator(e,{domObserver:o})}}var je=i(7378);const Ce={},ke=["appendChild","insertBefore","replaceChild"];function Le(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("jsonp")}(e);if(!p.RI||Ce[t.debugId])return t;Ce[t.debugId]=!0;var r=(0,W.YM)(t),n=/[?&](?:callback|cb)=([^&#]+)/,i=/(.*)\.([^.]+)/,o=/^(\w+)(\.|$)(.*)$/;function a(e,t){if(!e)return t;const r=e.match(o),n=r[1];return a(r[3],t[n])}return r.inPlace(Node.prototype,ke,"dom-"),t.on("dom-start",(function(e){!function(e){if(!e||"string"!=typeof e.nodeName||"script"!==e.nodeName.toLowerCase())return;if("function"!=typeof e.addEventListener)return;var o=(s=e.src,c=s.match(n),c?c[1]:null);var s,c;if(!o)return;var u=function(e){var t=e.match(i);if(t&&t.length>=3)return{key:t[2],parent:a(t[1],window)};return{key:e,parent:window}}(o);if("function"!=typeof u.parent[u.key])return;var d={};function l(){t.emit("jsonp-end",[],d),e.removeEventListener("load",l,(0,T.jT)(!1)),e.removeEventListener("error",f,(0,T.jT)(!1))}function f(){t.emit("jsonp-error",[],d),t.emit("jsonp-end",[],d),e.removeEventListener("load",l,(0,T.jT)(!1)),e.removeEventListener("error",f,(0,T.jT)(!1))}r.inPlace(u.parent,[u.key],"cb-",d),e.addEventListener("load",l,(0,T.jT)(!1)),e.addEventListener("error",f,(0,T.jT)(!1)),t.emit("new-jsonp",[e.src],d)}(e[0])})),t}const He={};function Me(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("promise")}(e);if(He[t.debugId])return t;He[t.debugId]=!0;var r=t.context,n=(0,W.YM)(t),i=p.gm.Promise;return i&&function(){function e(r){var o=t.context(),a=n(r,"executor-",o,null,!1);const s=Reflect.construct(i,[a],e);return t.context(s).getCtx=function(){return o},s}p.gm.Promise=e,Object.defineProperty(e,"name",{value:"Promise"}),e.toString=function(){return i.toString()},Object.setPrototypeOf(e,i),["all","race"].forEach((function(r){const n=i[r];e[r]=function(e){let i=!1;[...e||[]].forEach((e=>{this.resolve(e).then(a("all"===r),a(!1))}));const o=n.apply(this,arguments);return o;function a(e){return function(){t.emit("propagate",[null,!i],o,!1,!1),i=i||!e}}}})),["resolve","reject"].forEach((function(r){const n=i[r];e[r]=function(e){const r=n.apply(this,arguments);return e!==r&&t.emit("propagate",[e,!0],r,!1,!1),r}})),e.prototype=i.prototype;const o=i.prototype.then;i.prototype.then=function(...e){var i=this,a=r(i);a.promise=i,e[0]=n(e[0],"cb-",a,null,!1),e[1]=n(e[1],"cb-",a,null,!1);const s=o.apply(this,e);return a.nextPromise=s,t.emit("propagate",[i,!0],s,!1,!1),s},i.prototype.then[W.Jt]=o,t.on("executor-start",(function(e){e[0]=n(e[0],"resolve-",this,null,!1),e[1]=n(e[1],"resolve-",this,null,!1)})),t.on("executor-err",(function(e,t,r){e[1](r)})),t.on("cb-end",(function(e,r,n){t.emit("propagate",[n,!0],this.nextPromise,!1,!1)})),t.on("propagate",(function(e,r,n){this.getCtx&&!r||(this.getCtx=function(){if(e instanceof Promise)var r=t.context(e);return r&&r.getCtx?r.getCtx():this})}))}(),t}const De={},Ke="setTimeout",Ue="setInterval",Ve="clearTimeout",Ge="-start",Fe=[Ke,"setImmediate",Ue,Ve,"clearImmediate"];function Be(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("timer")}(e);if(De[t.debugId]++)return t;De[t.debugId]=1;var r=(0,W.YM)(t);return r.inPlace(p.gm,Fe.slice(0,2),Ke+"-"),r.inPlace(p.gm,Fe.slice(2,3),Ue+"-"),r.inPlace(p.gm,Fe.slice(3),Ve+"-"),t.on(Ue+Ge,(function(e,t,n){e[0]=r(e[0],"fn-",null,n)})),t.on(Ke+Ge,(function(e,t,n){this.method=n,this.timerDuration=isNaN(e[1])?0:+e[1],e[0]=r(e[0],"fn-",this,n)})),t}const We={};function ze(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("mutation")}(e);if(!p.RI||We[t.debugId])return t;We[t.debugId]=!0;var r=(0,W.YM)(t),n=p.gm.MutationObserver;return n&&(window.MutationObserver=function(e){return this instanceof n?new n(r(e,"fn-")):n.apply(this,arguments)},MutationObserver.prototype=n.prototype),t}const{TZ:qe,d3:Ze,Kp:Ye,$p:Xe,wW:$e,e5:Je,tH:Qe,uP:et,rw:tt,Lc:rt}=je;class nt extends b{static featureName=qe;constructor(e,t=!0){if(super(e,qe,t),!p.RI)return;try{this.removeOnAbort=new AbortController}catch(e){}let r,n=0;const i=this.ee.get("tracer"),o=Le(this.ee),a=Me(this.ee),s=Be(this.ee),c=Z(this.ee),u=this.ee.get("events"),d=ne(this.ee),l=ve(this.ee),f=ze(this.ee);function h(e,t){l.emit("newURL",[""+window.location,t])}function g(){n++,r=window.location.hash,this[et]=(0,S.t)()}function m(){n--,window.location.hash!==r&&h(0,!0);var e=(0,S.t)();this[Je]=~~this[Je]+e-this[et],this[rt]=e}function v(e,t){e.on(t,(function(){this[t]=(0,S.t)()}))}this.ee.on(et,g),a.on(tt,g),o.on(tt,g),this.ee.on(rt,m),a.on($e,m),o.on($e,m),this.ee.on("fn-err",((...t)=>{t[2]?.__newrelic?.[e.agentIdentifier]||(0,x.p)("function-err",[...t],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)})),this.ee.buffer([et,rt,"xhr-resolved"],this.featureName),u.buffer([et],this.featureName),s.buffer(["setTimeout"+Ye,"clearTimeout"+Ze,et],this.featureName),c.buffer([et,"new-xhr","send-xhr"+Ze],this.featureName),d.buffer([Qe+Ze,Qe+"-done",Qe+Xe+Ze,Qe+Xe+Ye],this.featureName),l.buffer(["newURL"],this.featureName),f.buffer([et],this.featureName),a.buffer(["propagate",tt,$e,"executor-err","resolve"+Ze],this.featureName),i.buffer([et,"no-"+et],this.featureName),o.buffer(["new-jsonp","cb-start","jsonp-error","jsonp-end"],this.featureName),v(d,Qe+Ze),v(d,Qe+"-done"),v(o,"new-jsonp"),v(o,"jsonp-end"),v(o,"cb-start"),l.on("pushState-end",h),l.on("replaceState-end",h),window.addEventListener("hashchange",h,(0,T.jT)(!0,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)),window.addEventListener("load",h,(0,T.jT)(!0,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)),window.addEventListener("popstate",(function(){h(0,n>1)}),(0,T.jT)(!0,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)),this.abortHandler=this.#n,this.importAggregator(e)}#n(){this.removeOnAbort?.abort(),this.abortHandler=void 0}}var it=i(3333);class ot extends b{static featureName=it.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,it.TZ,t);const r=[e.init.page_action.enabled,e.init.performance.capture_marks,e.init.performance.capture_measures,e.init.user_actions.enabled,e.init.performance.resources.enabled];if(p.RI&&(e.init.user_actions.enabled&&(it.Zp.forEach((e=>(0,T.sp)(e,(e=>(0,x.p)("ua",[e],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)),!0))),it.qN.forEach((e=>{const t=(0,v.s)((e=>{(0,x.p)("ua",[e],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)}),500,{leading:!0});(0,T.sp)(e,t)}))),e.init.performance.resources.enabled&&p.gm.PerformanceObserver?.supportedEntryTypes.includes("resource"))){new PerformanceObserver((e=>{e.getEntries().forEach((e=>{(0,x.p)("browserPerformance.resource",[e],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)}))})).observe({type:"resource",buffered:!0})}r.some((e=>e))?this.importAggregator(e):this.deregisterDrain()}}var at=i(993),st=i(3785);class ct extends b{static featureName=at.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,at.TZ,t);const r=this.ee;this.ee.on("wrap-logger-end",(function([e]){const{level:t,customAttributes:n}=this;(0,st.R)(r,e,n,t)})),this.importAggregator(e)}}new class extends o{constructor(t){super(),p.gm?(this.features={},(0,R.bQ)(this.agentIdentifier,this),this.desiredFeatures=new Set(t.features||[]),this.desiredFeatures.add(w),this.runSoftNavOverSpa=[...this.desiredFeatures].some((e=>e.featureName===a.K7.softNav)),(0,d.j)(this,t,t.loaderType||"agent"),this.run()):(0,e.R)(21)}get config(){return{info:this.info,init:this.init,loader_config:this.loader_config,runtime:this.runtime}}run(){try{const t=u(this.agentIdentifier),r=[...this.desiredFeatures];r.sort(((e,t)=>a.P3[e.featureName]-a.P3[t.featureName])),r.forEach((r=>{if(!t[r.featureName]&&r.featureName!==a.K7.pageViewEvent)return;if(this.runSoftNavOverSpa&&r.featureName===a.K7.spa)return;if(!this.runSoftNavOverSpa&&r.featureName===a.K7.softNav)return;const n=function(e){switch(e){case a.K7.ajax:return[a.K7.jserrors];case a.K7.sessionTrace:return[a.K7.ajax,a.K7.pageViewEvent];case a.K7.sessionReplay:return[a.K7.sessionTrace];case a.K7.pageViewTiming:return[a.K7.pageViewEvent];default:return[]}}(r.featureName).filter((e=>!(e in this.features)));n.length>0&&(0,e.R)(36,{targetFeature:r.featureName,missingDependencies:n}),this.features[r.featureName]=new r(this)}))}catch(t){(0,e.R)(22,t);for(const e in this.features)this.features[e].abortHandler?.();const r=(0,R.Zm)();delete r.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.api,delete r.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.features,delete this.sharedAggregator;return r.ee.get(this.agentIdentifier).abort(),!1}}}({features:[he,w,N,Ne,Oe,O,M,ot,ct,Pe,nt],loaderType:"spa"})})()})();</script><meta http-equiv="Expires" content="0" /><meta name="google-site-verification" content="8JsUO-7v0e8nDKGNuXZSOYAnwU3OdMfkodMPyWhN1Bc" /><meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"><meta property="og:title" content="What’s the Best Way to Discipline My Child?" /><meta property="og:description" content="As a parent, it is your job to teach your child the difference between acceptable and unacceptable behavior. But getting your child to behave the way you want is not as hard as you think." /><meta property="og:type" content="article" /><meta property="og:article:published_time" content="2018-11-05T00:00:00" /><meta property="og:fb:app_id" content="115427621803" /><meta property="og:url" content="https://www.healthychildren.org/English/family-life/family-dynamics/communication-discipline/Pages/Disciplining-Your-Child.aspx" /><meta property="og:site_name" content="HealthyChildren.org" /><meta property="og:image" content="https://www.healthychildren.org/https://www.healthychildren.org/SiteCollectionImagesArticleImages/mom_daughter_discipline.jpg" /><meta property="og:image" content="https://www.healthychildren.org/_layouts/15/AAP.HealthyChildren/images/hc_favicon_square.png" /><meta name="publish_date" content="2018-11-05"><meta name="publish_image" content="https://www.healthychildren.org/https://www.healthychildren.org/SiteCollectionImagesArticleImages/mom_daughter_discipline.jpg"><title> What’s the Best Way to Discipline My Child? - HealthyChildren.org </title> <script type="text/javascript"> var _fV4UI = true; </script> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/_catalogs/masterpage/Assets/images/hc_favicon.ico?rev=1" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon" /><span AuthenticationResctriction="AnonymousUsersOnly"> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/_catalogs/masterpage/Assets/less/css/ms-searchpaging.min.css?v=4.0" /> </span> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/_layouts/15/1033/styles/corev4.css?rev=KyQnJ1I7G2kvTD29d4%2F1gw%3D%3D" /><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/Style%20Library/en-US/Themable/Core%20Styles/controls.css?v=4.0" /><script type="text/javascript">// <![CDATA[ var g_SPOffSwitches={}; // ]]> </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/_layouts/15/1033/initstrings.js?rev=PwfqGMCAYeGaq4UXoAzNyA%3D%3DTAG0"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/_layouts/15/init.js?rev=mRP9X%2B4%2FMjPSiBpvnT1VdA%3D%3DTAG0"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/_layouts/15/aap.healthychildren/js/translationconnector.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/ScriptResource.axd?d=NJmAwtEo3Ipnlaxl6CMhvsshfA_HwLXBMmjxGpu_kaskMbYmbOfXosF5ZWda8JgcIZVufkq2DtcQ9URQAEO4J6D5eF0WMt7AUy8mdvdyb4GMkp-oVB9S7vcDT5jN1gGMkyPZQSXxLgfJ8JlSF_JuERRVvbIz2oozWbAO_j8UlFA1&t=2a9d95e3"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/_layouts/15/blank.js?rev=etcnfUKsVt4PcFBaqihMSg%3D%3DTAG0"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/ScriptResource.axd?d=dwY9oWetJoJoVpgL6Zq8OICpDqHDR5C4JZEBok6wmWmsLXn8hqbBcsFLp2Gg7y__W7oJX_cevm6KQM63avnAEggXU3b5BIpaHbJHLkqgEwmub75CB4SyJbZDGGt2UXea092mYhL1-0j1VfoIhVaujzHmZEeKap5TcllGyUlJLDQ1&t=2a9d95e3"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/_layouts/15/1033/strings.js?rev=tob137cgLCsvzDNjZIOCNQ%3D%3DTAG0"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/_layouts/15/core.js?rev=7IFcvqt%2FboZ6z01HrA8pYg%3D%3DTAG0"></script> <script type="text/javascript">RegisterSod("require.js", "\u002f_layouts\u002f15\u002frequire.js?rev=bv3fWJhk0uFGpVwBxnZKNQ\u00253D\u00253DTAG0");</script> <script type="text/javascript">RegisterSod("sp.res.resx", "\u002f_layouts\u002f15\u002f1033\u002fsp.res.js?rev=FnWveYddVjlqQYS2ZBOOzA\u00253D\u00253DTAG0");</script> <script type="text/javascript">RegisterSod("sp.runtime.js", "\u002f_layouts\u002f15\u002fsp.runtime.js?rev=aM1yS02CY08UrGy8guYWow\u00253D\u00253DTAG0");RegisterSodDep("sp.runtime.js", "sp.res.resx");</script> <script type="text/javascript">RegisterSod("sp.js", "\u002f_layouts\u002f15\u002fsp.js?rev=x0lxgKR1M9HYNdtcvKjXqw\u00253D\u00253DTAG0");RegisterSodDep("sp.js", "sp.runtime.js");RegisterSodDep("sp.js", "sp.ui.dialog.js");RegisterSodDep("sp.js", "sp.res.resx");</script> <script type="text/javascript">RegisterSod("sp.init.js", "\u002f_layouts\u002f15\u002fsp.init.js?rev=vJU5ywdOleoPF53qjpgrSQ\u00253D\u00253DTAG0");</script> <script type="text/javascript">RegisterSod("sp.ui.dialog.js", "\u002f_layouts\u002f15\u002fsp.ui.dialog.js?rev=j\u00252B1sM9IXcgX2A39EAJBkfg\u00253D\u00253DTAG0");RegisterSodDep("sp.ui.dialog.js", "sp.init.js");RegisterSodDep("sp.ui.dialog.js", "sp.res.resx");</script> <script type="text/javascript">RegisterSod("core.js", "\u002f_layouts\u002f15\u002fcore.js?rev=7IFcvqt\u00252FboZ6z01HrA8pYg\u00253D\u00253DTAG0");</script> <script type="text/javascript">RegisterSod("menu.js", "\u002f_layouts\u002f15\u002fmenu.js?rev=DbIb2TsqV3MII7ZyUKoQ4g\u00253D\u00253DTAG0");</script> <script type="text/javascript">RegisterSod("mQuery.js", "\u002f_layouts\u002f15\u002fmquery.js?rev=UeWtfYOveAJ\u00252BOJU0WxtRmw\u00253D\u00253DTAG0");</script> <script type="text/javascript">RegisterSod("callout.js", "\u002f_layouts\u002f15\u002fcallout.js?rev=wwf\u00252FMHrLzBLtdvA9NOOeBQ\u00253D\u00253DTAG0");RegisterSodDep("callout.js", "mQuery.js");RegisterSodDep("callout.js", "core.js");</script> <script type="text/javascript">RegisterSod("sp.core.js", "\u002f_layouts\u002f15\u002fsp.core.js?rev=C3AZ4QWHv0u2cwKwqCmxVg\u00253D\u00253DTAG0");RegisterSodDep("sp.core.js", "sp.init.js");RegisterSodDep("sp.core.js", "core.js");</script> <script type="text/javascript">RegisterSod("clienttemplates.js", "\u002f_layouts\u002f15\u002fclienttemplates.js?rev=YdHtY8AzX4IduPWExi1ugg\u00253D\u00253DTAG0");</script> <script type="text/javascript">RegisterSod("sharing.js", "\u002f_layouts\u002f15\u002fsharing.js?rev=PBdqOzBW2DophhpWZt\u00252FlRQ\u00253D\u00253DTAG0");RegisterSodDep("sharing.js", "mQuery.js");RegisterSodDep("sharing.js", "clienttemplates.js");RegisterSodDep("sharing.js", "core.js");</script> <script type="text/javascript">RegisterSod("suitelinks.js", "\u002f_layouts\u002f15\u002fsuitelinks.js?rev=ItoMA\u00252F5DdzzX3v34TyVN8w\u00253D\u00253DTAG0");RegisterSodDep("suitelinks.js", "core.js");</script> <script type="text/javascript">RegisterSod("userprofile", "\u002f_layouts\u002f15\u002fsp.userprofiles.js?rev=J0M1pzLkfDXcJflabMvTYA\u00253D\u00253DTAG0");RegisterSodDep("userprofile", "sp.runtime.js");</script> <script type="text/javascript">RegisterSod("followingcommon.js", "\u002f_layouts\u002f15\u002ffollowingcommon.js?rev=8TXrc0POYvyAttLns3VT2A\u00253D\u00253DTAG0");RegisterSodDep("followingcommon.js", "sp.js");RegisterSodDep("followingcommon.js", "userprofile");RegisterSodDep("followingcommon.js", "core.js");RegisterSodDep("followingcommon.js", "mQuery.js");</script> <script type="text/javascript">RegisterSod("profilebrowserscriptres.resx", "\u002f_layouts\u002f15\u002f1033\u002fprofilebrowserscriptres.js?rev=qwf69WaVc1mYlJLXqmZmVA\u00253D\u00253DTAG0");</script> <script type="text/javascript">RegisterSod("sp.ui.mysitecommon.js", "\u002f_layouts\u002f15\u002fsp.ui.mysitecommon.js?rev=u7AB6Tq6UIvh214DibcQTA\u00253D\u00253DTAG0");RegisterSodDep("sp.ui.mysitecommon.js", "sp.init.js");RegisterSodDep("sp.ui.mysitecommon.js", "sp.runtime.js");RegisterSodDep("sp.ui.mysitecommon.js", "userprofile");RegisterSodDep("sp.ui.mysitecommon.js", "profilebrowserscriptres.resx");</script> <script type="text/javascript">RegisterSod("cui.js", "\u002f_layouts\u002f15\u002fcui.js?rev=qEluLYCjZt6W9fGjxXz7NQ\u00253D\u00253DTAG0");</script> <script type="text/javascript">RegisterSod("inplview", "\u002f_layouts\u002f15\u002finplview.js?rev=SDssqvNlpGW2WfB4FbTcXQ\u00253D\u00253DTAG0");RegisterSodDep("inplview", "core.js");RegisterSodDep("inplview", "clienttemplates.js");RegisterSodDep("inplview", "sp.js");</script> <script type="text/javascript">RegisterSod("ribbon", "\u002f_layouts\u002f15\u002fsp.ribbon.js?rev=amgY4qPh7VrPK7y3Byq4Tg\u00253D\u00253DTAG0");RegisterSodDep("ribbon", "core.js");RegisterSodDep("ribbon", "sp.core.js");RegisterSodDep("ribbon", "sp.js");RegisterSodDep("ribbon", "cui.js");RegisterSodDep("ribbon", "sp.res.resx");RegisterSodDep("ribbon", "sp.runtime.js");RegisterSodDep("ribbon", "inplview");</script> <script type="text/javascript">RegisterSod("browserScript", "\u002f_layouts\u002f15\u002fie55up.js?rev=yvBnOno\u00252FWE5q0zlmmSb1ew\u00253D\u00253DTAG0");</script> <link type="text/xml" rel="alternate" href="/English/family-life/family-dynamics/communication-discipline/_vti_bin/spsdisco.aspx" /><link rel="canonical" href="https://www.healthychildren.org:443/English/family-life/family-dynamics/communication-discipline/Pages/Disciplining-Your-Child.aspx" /><link type="text/xml" rel="alternate" href="/English/family-life/family-dynamics/communication-discipline/_vti_bin/spsdisco.aspx" /> <script type="text/javascript">//<![CDATA[ var formDigestElement = document.getElementsByName('__REQUESTDIGEST')[0]; if (!((formDigestElement == null) || (formDigestElement.tagName.toLowerCase() != 'input') || (formDigestElement.type.toLowerCase() != 'hidden') || (formDigestElement.value == null) || (formDigestElement.value.length <= 0))) { formDigestElement.value = '0xCFFD212D8CA2E56E52FA26044B957C8BBC2F732F32AF35AA2ECB6FD95590E4DA58B9ECEED7C406F98805149EF17B613494AD34431C00C1FEDA88B14DE71D94D4,17 Feb 2025 12:27:57 -0000';_spPageContextInfo.updateFormDigestPageLoaded = new Date(); } //]]> </script>  <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/_catalogs/masterpage/Assets/less/css/bootstrap.css?v=5.0" />  <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/font-awesome/4.3.0/css/font-awesome.min.css?v=4.0" />  <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/_layouts/15/HealthyChildrenHALF/CSS/HALFHome/tahoe_mods.css?v=4.0" /><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/_layouts/15/AAP.HealthyChildren/styles/site.css?v=06052023" /><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/_layouts/15/AAP.HealthyChildren/styles/override.css?v=4.0" /><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/_layouts/15/AAP.HealthyChildren/styles/print.css?v=4.0" media="print" /><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/_layouts/15/AAP.HealthyChildren/styles/custom-theme/jquery-ui-1.8.10.custom.css?v=4.0" /><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/_catalogs/masterpage/Assets/less/css/dark_brown.css?v=4.0" ms-design-css-conversion="”no”" /><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/_catalogs/masterpage/Assets/less/css/bright_red.css?v=4.0" ms-design-css-conversion="”no”" /><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/_catalogs/masterpage/Assets/less/css/bright_orange.css?v=4.0" ms-design-css-conversion="”no”" /><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/_catalogs/masterpage/Assets/less/css/grayish_yellow.css?v=4.0" ms-design-css-conversion="”no”" /><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/_catalogs/masterpage/Assets/less/css/moderate_green.css?v=4.0" ms-design-css-conversion="”no”" /><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/_catalogs/masterpage/Assets/less/css/soft_orange.css?v=4.0" ms-design-css-conversion="”no”" />  <link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Arvo" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /><link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Arvo:400,700" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/_catalogs/masterpage/Assets/less/css/flexslider.css?v=4.0" /><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/_catalogs/masterpage/Assets/less/css/hc-styles.min.css?v=5.0" /><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/_catalogs/masterpage/Assets/less/css/team.css?v=4.0" /><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/_catalogs/masterpage/Assets/less/css/hc-styles-print.min.css?v=5.0" media="print" />    <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-5FJ8N24');</script>   <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=AW-625583326"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'AW-625583326'); </script>   <script type='text/javascript' src='https://platform-api.sharethis.com/js/sharethis.js#property=6480928dcc05f10013916a52&product=sop' async='async'></script>  <style type="text/css"> .zz1_QuickLaunchMenu_0 { background-color:white;visibility:hidden;display:none;position:absolute;left:0px;top:0px; } .zz1_QuickLaunchMenu_1 { text-decoration:none; } .zz1_QuickLaunchMenu_2 { } .zz1_QuickLaunchMenu_3 { border-style:none; } .zz1_QuickLaunchMenu_4 { } .zz1_QuickLaunchMenu_5 { border-style:none; } .zz1_QuickLaunchMenu_6 { } .zz1_QuickLaunchMenu_7 { } .zz1_QuickLaunchMenu_8 { } .zz1_QuickLaunchMenu_9 { border-style:none; } .zz1_QuickLaunchMenu_10 { } .zz1_QuickLaunchMenu_11 { border-style:none; } .zz1_QuickLaunchMenu_12 { } </style></head> <body scroll="no" onload="if (typeof(_spBodyOnLoadWrapper) != 'undefined') _spBodyOnLoadWrapper();" class="v4master"> <noscript><div class='noindex'>You may be trying to access this site from a secured browser on the server. Please enable scripts and reload this page.</div></noscript> <form method="post" action="./Disciplining-Your-Child.aspx" onsubmit="javascript:return WebForm_OnSubmit();" id="aspnetForm"> <div class="aspNetHidden"> <input type="hidden" name="_wpcmWpid" id="_wpcmWpid" value="" /> <input type="hidden" name="wpcmVal" id="wpcmVal" value="" /> <input type="hidden" name="MSOWebPartPage_PostbackSource" id="MSOWebPartPage_PostbackSource" value="" /> <input type="hidden" name="MSOTlPn_SelectedWpId" id="MSOTlPn_SelectedWpId" value="" /> <input type="hidden" name="MSOTlPn_View" id="MSOTlPn_View" value="0" /> <input type="hidden" name="MSOTlPn_ShowSettings" id="MSOTlPn_ShowSettings" value="False" /> <input type="hidden" name="MSOGallery_SelectedLibrary" id="MSOGallery_SelectedLibrary" value="" /> <input type="hidden" name="MSOGallery_FilterString" id="MSOGallery_FilterString" value="" /> <input type="hidden" name="MSOTlPn_Button" id="MSOTlPn_Button" value="none" /> <input type="hidden" name="__EVENTTARGET" id="__EVENTTARGET" value="" /> <input type="hidden" name="__EVENTARGUMENT" id="__EVENTARGUMENT" value="" /> <input type="hidden" name="__REQUESTDIGEST" id="__REQUESTDIGEST" value="noDigest" /> <input type="hidden" name="MSOSPWebPartManager_DisplayModeName" id="MSOSPWebPartManager_DisplayModeName" value="Browse" /> <input type="hidden" name="MSOSPWebPartManager_ExitingDesignMode" id="MSOSPWebPartManager_ExitingDesignMode" value="false" /> <input type="hidden" name="MSOWebPartPage_Shared" id="MSOWebPartPage_Shared" value="" /> <input type="hidden" name="MSOLayout_LayoutChanges" id="MSOLayout_LayoutChanges" value="" /> <input type="hidden" name="MSOLayout_InDesignMode" id="MSOLayout_InDesignMode" value="" /> <input type="hidden" name="_wpSelected" id="_wpSelected" value="" /> <input type="hidden" name="_wzSelected" id="_wzSelected" value="" /> <input type="hidden" name="MSOSPWebPartManager_OldDisplayModeName" id="MSOSPWebPartManager_OldDisplayModeName" value="Browse" /> <input type="hidden" name="MSOSPWebPartManager_StartWebPartEditingName" id="MSOSPWebPartManager_StartWebPartEditingName" value="false" /> <input type="hidden" name="MSOSPWebPartManager_EndWebPartEditing" id="MSOSPWebPartManager_EndWebPartEditing" value="false" /> <input type="hidden" name="__VIEWSTATE" id="__VIEWSTATE" value="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" /> </div> <script type="text/javascript"> //<![CDATA[ var theForm = document.forms['aspnetForm']; if (!theForm) { theForm = document.aspnetForm; } function __doPostBack(eventTarget, eventArgument) { if (!theForm.onsubmit || (theForm.onsubmit() != false)) { theForm.__EVENTTARGET.value = eventTarget; theForm.__EVENTARGUMENT.value = eventArgument; theForm.submit(); } } //]]> </script> <script src="/WebResource.axd?d=pynGkmcFUV13He1Qd6_TZH6j_97fNP2v-SGxcrUAHYpDCm5E1cBJG086vTvJVZ0ghx6vMxOgF92qzHg3pXYkXg2&t=638628027619783110" type="text/javascript"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> //<![CDATA[ var MSOWebPartPageFormName = 'aspnetForm'; var g_presenceEnabled = true; var g_wsaEnabled = false; var g_correlationId = 'df6082a1-01cb-90ca-d4f9-a7be5a5d5085'; var g_wsaQoSEnabled = false; var g_wsaQoSDataPoints = []; var g_wsaRUMEnabled = false; var g_wsaLCID = 1033; var g_wsaListTemplateId = 850; var g_wsaSiteTemplateId = 'BLANKINTERNET#2'; var _spPageContextInfo={"webServerRelativeUrl":"/English/family-life/family-dynamics/communication-discipline","webAbsoluteUrl":"https://www.healthychildren.org/English/family-life/family-dynamics/communication-discipline","viewId":"","listId":"{de4931fa-f58f-4312-95ca-b7b5e982482f}","listPermsMask":{"High":16,"Low":196673},"listUrl":"/English/family-life/family-dynamics/communication-discipline/Pages","listTitle":"Pages","listBaseTemplate":850,"viewOnlyExperienceEnabled":false,"blockDownloadsExperienceEnabled":false,"idleSessionSignOutEnabled":false,"cdnPrefix":"","siteAbsoluteUrl":"https://www.healthychildren.org","siteId":"{635c8104-cbcc-45dd-8182-bc77133b0864}","showNGSCDialogForSyncOnTS":false,"supportPoundStorePath":true,"supportPercentStorePath":true,"siteSubscriptionId":null,"CustomMarkupInCalculatedFieldDisabled":true,"AllowCustomMarkupInCalculatedField":false,"isSPO":false,"farmLabel":null,"serverRequestPath":"/English/family-life/family-dynamics/communication-discipline/Pages/Disciplining-Your-Child.aspx","layoutsUrl":"_layouts/15","webId":"{dfb8d70b-b109-4e1e-81be-f0d73400c5f4}","webTitle":"Communication \u0026 Discipline","webTemplate":"53","webTemplateConfiguration":"BLANKINTERNET#2","webDescription":"","tenantAppVersion":"0","isAppWeb":false,"webLogoUrl":"/_layouts/images/titlegraphic.gif","webLanguage":1033,"currentLanguage":1033,"currentUICultureName":"en-US","currentCultureName":"en-US","currentCultureLCID":1033,"env":null,"nid":0,"fid":0,"serverTime":"2025-02-17T12:27:57.0548380Z","siteClientTag":"200$$16.0.17328.20362","crossDomainPhotosEnabled":false,"openInClient":false,"Has2019Era":true,"webUIVersion":15,"webPermMasks":{"High":16,"Low":196673},"pageListId":"{de4931fa-f58f-4312-95ca-b7b5e982482f}","pageItemId":11,"pagePermsMask":{"High":16,"Low":196673},"pagePersonalizationScope":1,"userEmail":"","userId":0,"userLoginName":null,"userDisplayName":null,"isAnonymousUser":true,"isAnonymousGuestUser":false,"isEmailAuthenticationGuestUser":false,"isExternalGuestUser":false,"systemUserKey":null,"alertsEnabled":true,"siteServerRelativeUrl":"/","allowSilverlightPrompt":"True","themeCacheToken":"/English/family-life/family-dynamics/communication-discipline::2:","themedCssFolderUrl":null,"themedImageFileNames":null,"modernThemingEnabled":true,"isSiteAdmin":false,"ExpFeatures":[480216468,1884350801,1158731092,62197791,538521105,335811073,4194306,34614301,268500996,-1946025984,28445328,-2147475455,134291456,65544,288,950272,1282,808326148,134217873,0,0,-1073217536,545285252,18350656,-467402752,6291457,-2147483644,1074794496,-1728053184,1845537108,622628,4102,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0],"IsHybridEnabled":false,"SPOnPremFlights":[1242554,1220075,1218539,1175952,1174945,1165662,1159162,1149960,1149522,1111397,1099085,1086764,1080816,1079075,1075954,1073830,1073759,95255,1062921,1055593,1052809,1041859,1040063,1039112,1036486,1035189,1033993,1030381,1030382,1030364,1030362,1029854,1029586,1029565,1029556,1029555,1028671,1025113,1021288,1021275,1021274,1021272,1020637,1020043,1018275,1018016,1012433,1011886,1010592,1009740,1009585,1008744,1007603,1004459,1003886,1002806,1001164,116041,114176,114166,112973,108499,108186,107054,100994,100425,99885,99722,96075,94920],"InternalValidAuthorities":["healthychildren.org","www.healthychildren.org","hc-sse.aap.org","collaborate-sseint.aap.org","collaborate.aap.org","collaborate-sse.aap.org","colprod3.aap.org","colprod2.aap.org","colprod1.aap.org"],"CorrelationId":"df6082a1-01cb-90ca-d4f9-a7be5a5d5085","hasManageWebPermissions":false,"isNoScriptEnabled":false,"groupId":null,"groupHasHomepage":true,"groupHasQuickLaunchConversationsLink":false,"departmentId":null,"hubSiteId":null,"hasPendingWebTemplateExtension":false,"isHubSite":false,"isWebWelcomePage":false,"siteClassification":"","hideSyncButtonOnODB":false,"showNGSCDialogForSyncOnODB":false,"sitePagesEnabled":false,"sitePagesFeatureVersion":0,"suiteNavInfo":{"suiteBarBackground":null,"suiteBarText":null,"suiteNavAccentColor":null,"suiteNavAllowCustom":false,"suiteNavAllowOverwrite":false,"suiteNavBrandingLogoNavigationUrl":null,"suiteNavBrandingLogoTitle":null,"suiteNavBrandingLogoUrl":null,"suiteNavBrandingText":null},"DesignPackageId":"00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000","groupType":null,"groupColor":"#e3068b","siteColor":"#e3068b","headerEmphasis":0,"navigationInfo":null,"guestsEnabled":false,"MenuData":{"SignInUrl":"/English/family-life/family-dynamics/communication-discipline/_layouts/15/Authenticate.aspx?Source=%2FEnglish%2Ffamily%2Dlife%2Ffamily%2Ddynamics%2Fcommunication%2Ddiscipline%2FPages%2FDisciplining%2DYour%2DChild%2Easpx"},"RecycleBinItemCount":-1,"PublishingFeatureOn":true,"PreviewFeaturesEnabled":false,"disableAppViews":false,"disableFlows":false,"serverRedirectedUrl":null,"formDigestValue":"0xCFFD212D8CA2E56E52FA26044B957C8BBC2F732F32AF35AA2ECB6FD95590E4DA58B9ECEED7C406F98805149EF17B613494AD34431C00C1FEDA88B14DE71D94D4,17 Feb 2025 12:27:57 -0000","maximumFileSize":15360,"formDigestTimeoutSeconds":1800,"canUserCreateMicrosoftForm":false,"canUserCreateVisioDrawing":true,"readOnlyState":null,"isTenantDevSite":false,"preferUserTimeZone":false,"userTimeZoneData":null,"userTime24":false,"userFirstDayOfWeek":null,"webTimeZoneData":null,"webTime24":false,"webFirstDayOfWeek":null,"isSelfServiceSiteCreationEnabled":null,"alternateWebAppHost":"","aadTenantId":"","aadUserId":"","aadInstanceUrl":"","msGraphEndpointUrl":"https://","allowInfectedDownload":true};_spPageContextInfo.updateFormDigestPageLoaded=new Date();_spPageContextInfo.clientServerTimeDelta=new Date(_spPageContextInfo.serverTime)-new Date();if(typeof(define)=='function'){define('SPPageContextInfo',[],function(){return _spPageContextInfo;});}var L_Menu_BaseUrl="/English/family-life/family-dynamics/communication-discipline"; var L_Menu_LCID="1033"; var L_Menu_SiteTheme="null"; document.onreadystatechange=fnRemoveAllStatus; function fnRemoveAllStatus(){removeAllStatus(true)}; function _spNavigateHierarchy(nodeDiv, dataSourceId, dataPath, url, listInContext, type) { CoreInvoke('ProcessDefaultNavigateHierarchy', nodeDiv, dataSourceId, dataPath, url, listInContext, type, document.forms.aspnetForm, "", "\u002fEnglish\u002ffamily-life\u002ffamily-dynamics\u002fcommunication-discipline\u002fPages\u002fDisciplining-Your-Child.aspx"); } Flighting.ExpFeatures = [480216468,1884350801,1158731092,62197791,538521105,335811073,4194306,34614301,268500996,-1946025984,28445328,-2147475455,134291456,65544,288,950272,1282,808326148,134217873,0,0,-1073217536,545285252,18350656,-467402752,6291457,-2147483644,1074794496,-1728053184,1845537108,622628,4102,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0]; (function() { if(typeof(window.SP) == "undefined") window.SP = {}; if(typeof(window.SP.YammerSwitch) == "undefined") window.SP.YammerSwitch = {}; var ysObj = window.SP.YammerSwitch; ysObj.IsEnabled = false; ysObj.TargetYammerHostName = "www.yammer.com"; } )(); var _spWebPartComponents = new Object();//]]> </script> <script src="/ScriptResource.axd?d=QjTYQgeaGaGGibF7itqLSw4ZLULa4aHZMpErtkpME9-VztsNdgD5p9wD4yb5rK7xZey75r9t613Nz3DHZeheD2oJPhsoWL9MZjifcQJ3FiOE8lXLYJ7u6UiTBhucI3vh0&t=ffffffffc7a8e318" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="/_layouts/15/blank.js?rev=etcnfUKsVt4PcFBaqihMSg%3D%3DTAG0" type="text/javascript"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> //<![CDATA[ (function(){ if (typeof(_spBodyOnLoadFunctions) === 'undefined' || _spBodyOnLoadFunctions === null) { return; } _spBodyOnLoadFunctions.push(function() { SP.SOD.executeFunc('core.js', 'FollowingCallout', function() { FollowingCallout(); }); }); })();(function(){ if (typeof(_spBodyOnLoadFunctions) === 'undefined' || _spBodyOnLoadFunctions === null) { return; } _spBodyOnLoadFunctions.push(function() { SP.SOD.executeFunc('core.js', 'FollowingDocument', function() { FollowingDocument(); }); }); })();if (typeof(DeferWebFormInitCallback) == 'function') DeferWebFormInitCallback();function WebForm_OnSubmit() { UpdateFormDigest('\u002fEnglish\u002ffamily-life\u002ffamily-dynamics\u002fcommunication-discipline', 1440000);if (typeof(_spFormOnSubmitWrapper) != 'undefined') {return _spFormOnSubmitWrapper();} else {return true;}; return true; } //]]> </script> <div class="aspNetHidden"> <input type="hidden" name="__VIEWSTATEGENERATOR" id="__VIEWSTATEGENERATOR" value="1A50762E" /> <input type="hidden" name="__EVENTVALIDATION" id="__EVENTVALIDATION" value="mGtZUBHA39POjSxWF2ijCeostFiQh83J/SaWGAllLCNGQSwPRfzJNoJAlUKAIDut3rrWa9dzUCs6hNsQ8b6jgV9ut6T+tmFyA0STpJUrwtWl40xnLSdUIkNbYVIOiLKLgsHvkuBvIVTE1nrtc2KvaFcWxzWLHygBAV7bdc3bYa4B3IbDtps59RaQo08kjHDdfUjpSuflRt0zyWrpiaY7Sw==" /> </div> <script type="text/javascript"> var submitHook = function () { return false; }; theForm._spOldSubmit = theForm.submit; theForm.submit = function () { if (!submitHook()) { this._spOldSubmit(); } }; </script> <span id="DeltaSPWebPartManager"> </span> <script type="text/javascript"> //<![CDATA[ Sys.WebForms.PageRequestManager._initialize('ctl00$ScriptManager', 'aspnetForm', [], [], [], 90, 'ctl00'); //]]> </script> <span id="DeltaDelegateControls"> </span> <div id="TurnOnAccessibility" style="display:none" class="s4-notdlg noindex"> <a id="linkTurnOnAcc" href="#" class="ms-accessible ms-acc-button" onclick="SetIsAccessibilityFeatureEnabled(true);UpdateAccessibilityUI();document.getElementById('linkTurnOffAcc').focus();return false;"> Turn on more accessible mode</a> </div> <div id="TurnOffAccessibility" style="display:none" class="s4-notdlg noindex"> <a id="linkTurnOffAcc" href="#" class="ms-accessible ms-acc-button" onclick="SetIsAccessibilityFeatureEnabled(false);UpdateAccessibilityUI();document.getElementById('linkTurnOnAcc').focus();return false;"> Turn off more accessible mode</a> </div> <div class="s4-notdlg s4-skipribbonshortcut noindex"> <a href="javascript:;" id="ctl00_A1" onclick="document.getElementById('startNavigation').focus();" class="ms-accessible ms-acc-button" accesskey="Y"> Skip Ribbon Commands</a> </div> <div class="s4-notdlg noindex"> <a href="javascript:;" id="ctl00_A2" onclick="document.getElementById('mainContent').focus();" class="ms-accessible ms-acc-button"> Skip to main content</a> </div> <div id="TurnOffAnimation" style="display:none;" class="s4-notdlg noindex"> <a id="linkTurnOffAnimation" href="#" class="ms-accessible ms-acc-button" onclick="ToggleAnimationStatus();return false;"> Turn off Animations</a> </div> <div id="TurnOnAnimation" style="display:none;" class="s4-notdlg noindex"> <a id="linkTurnOnAnimation" href="#" class="ms-accessible ms-acc-button" onclick="ToggleAnimationStatus();return false;"> Turn on Animations</a> </div>  <div id="s4-workspace"> <div id="s4-bodyContainer">  <input type="hidden" name="ctl00$aapTopNavigation$hdnLanguage" id="ctl00_aapTopNavigation_hdnLanguage" value="1033" />  <section class="hc-ribbon"> <div class="container"> <a id="ctl00_aapTopNavigation_lnkLanguage" class="btn-language" href="javascript:AAP.toggleSiteLanguage()"><img id="ctl00_aapTopNavigation_imgLanguage" class="img-language" src="/_catalogs/masterpage/Assets/images/btn-language.png" /></a> <a id="ctl00_aapTopNavigation_lnkOurSponsors" class="btn-our-sponsors hidden-xs" href="/english/our-mission/sponsors/pages/default.aspx">Our Sponsors</a> <div class="greeting-registration hidden-md hidden-sm hidden-xs"> <div id="ctl00_aapTopNavigation_pnlLoggedOut"> <a id="ctl00_aapTopNavigation_lnkLogin" class="registered-user" href="/english/pages/login.aspx?ReturnURL=%2fEnglish%2ffamily-life%2ffamily-dynamics%2fcommunication-discipline%2fPages%2fDisciplining-Your-Child.aspx">Log in</a> | <a id="ctl00_aapTopNavigation_lnkRegister" class="registered-user" href="/english/pages/registerinformation.aspx">Register</a> </div> </div> <a id="ctl00_aapTopNavigation_lnkHeaderLogo" class="logo-aap" href="http://www.aap.org" target="_blank"></a> </div> </section>  <header class="aap-header"> <div class="container"> <div class="col-xs-6 col-sm-6 col-lg-6"> <div class="logo-healthy-children-org"> <a id="ctl00_aapTopNavigation_lnkLogo" href="/English"><img id="ctl00_aapTopNavigation_imgLogo" src="/_layouts/15/AAP.HealthyChildren/images/healthy-children-logo.gif" alt="HealthyChildren.org" /></a> <img id="ctl00_aapTopNavigation_imgPrintLogo" class="img-print-hc-logo" src="/_layouts/15/AAP.HealthyChildren/images/healthy-children-logo.gif" /> </div> </div> <div class="col-xs-6 col-sm-6 col-lg-6"> <div class="search-box"> <input name="ctl00$aapTopNavigation$txtGlobalSearch" type="text" id="ctl00_aapTopNavigation_txtGlobalSearch" class="search-box-input" placeholder="Search for safety, tips, illness, etc." /> <input type="submit" name="ctl00$aapTopNavigation$btnGlobalSearch" value="" onclick="javascript:WebForm_DoPostBackWithOptions(new WebForm_PostBackOptions("ctl00$aapTopNavigation$btnGlobalSearch", "", true, "", "", false, false))" id="ctl00_aapTopNavigation_btnGlobalSearch" class="btn-search" /> </div> </div> </div> </header>  <nav class="navbar" role="navigation"> <div class="container"> <div class="mobile-menu"> <a class="btn-mobile-menu" href="#sidr-main"> <div class="menu-title">Menu</div> <div class="menu-icon"> <span class="icon-bar"></span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> </div> </a> </div> <div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navigation"> <div class="mobile-user-links hidden-lg"> <div id="ctl00_aapTopNavigation_pnlMobileNavLoggedOut"> <a id="ctl00_aapTopNavigation_lnkMobileNavLogin" class="registered-user" href="/english/pages/login.aspx?ReturnURL=%2fEnglish%2fPages%2fmy-account.aspx">Log in</a> | <a id="ctl00_aapTopNavigation_lnkMobileNavRegister" class="registered-user" href="/english/pages/registerinformation.aspx">Register</a> </div> </div> <div class="btn-mobile-home hidden-lg"><a id="ctl00_aapTopNavigation_lnkMobileNavHome" href="/English">Home</a></div> <a id="ctl00_aapTopNavigation_lnkMobileNavOurSponsors" class="btn-our-sponsors hidden-lg" href="/english/our-mission/sponsors/pages/default.aspx">Our Sponsors</a> <ul id="ctl00_aapTopNavigation_ulNav" class="nav navbar-nav"> <li><span></span><a href="/english/ages-stages/pages/default.aspx" target="_self" class="root-desktop-link"><span>Ages & Stages</span></a><a href="https://www.healthychildren.org/English/family-life/family-dynamics/communication-discipline/Pages/Disciplining-Your-Child.aspx#" class="root-mobile-link"><span>Ages & Stages</span></a><div class="nav-dropdown two-col-container"><ul class="dropdown-root-container"><li><div class="dropdown-root-link-container"><a href="/english/ages-stages/pages/default.aspx">Ages and Stages</a></div><ul><li><a href="/English/ages-stages/Your-Childs-Checkups/Pages/default.aspx" target="_self">Your Child’s Checkups</a></li><li><a href="/english/ages-stages/prenatal/pages/default.aspx" target="_self">Prenatal</a><ul class="dropdown-root-grandchild-container"><li><a href="/English/ages-stages/prenatal/decisions-to-make/Pages/default.aspx" target="_self">Decisions to Make</a><a href="/English/ages-stages/prenatal/delivery-beyond/Pages/default.aspx" target="_self">Delivery and Beyond</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="/english/ages-stages/baby/pages/default.aspx" target="_self">Baby (0-12 mos.)</a><ul class="dropdown-root-grandchild-container"><li><a href="/English/ages-stages/baby/bathing-skin-care/Pages/default.aspx" target="_self">Bathing ＆ Skin Care</a><a href="/English/ages-stages/baby/breastfeeding/Pages" target="_self">Breastfeeding</a><a href="/English/ages-stages/baby/crying-colic/Pages/default.aspx" target="_self">Crying ＆ Colic</a><a href="/English/ages-stages/baby/diapers-clothing/Pages/default.aspx" target="_self">Diapers ＆ Clothing</a><a href="/English/ages-stages/baby/formula-feeding/Pages/default.aspx" target="_self">Formula Feeding</a><a href="/English/ages-stages/baby/feeding-nutrition/Pages/default.aspx" target="_self">Nutrition</a><a href="/English/ages-stages/baby/preemie/Pages/default.aspx" target="_self">Preemie</a><a href="/English/ages-stages/baby/sleep/Pages/default.aspx" target="_self">Sleep</a><a href="/English/ages-stages/baby/teething-tooth-care/Pages/default.aspx" target="_self">Teething ＆ Tooth Care</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="/english/ages-stages/toddler/pages/default.aspx" target="_self">Toddler 1-3yrs.</a><ul class="dropdown-root-grandchild-container"><li><a href="/English/ages-stages/toddler/fitness/Pages/default.aspx" target="_self">Fitness</a><a href="/English/ages-stages/toddler/nutrition/Pages/default.aspx" target="_self">Nutrition</a><a href="/english/ages-stages/toddler/toilet-training/pages/default.aspx" target="_self">Toilet Training</a></li></ul></li></ul><ul><li><a href="/english/ages-stages/preschool/pages/default.aspx" target="_self">Preschool 3-5yrs</a><ul class="dropdown-root-grandchild-container"><li><a href="/English/ages-stages/preschool/nutrition-fitness/Pages/default.aspx" target="_self">Nutrition ＆ Fitness</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="/english/ages-stages/gradeschool/pages/default.aspx" target="_self">Grade School 5-12yrs.</a><ul class="dropdown-root-grandchild-container"><li><a href="/English/ages-stages/gradeschool/fitness/Pages/default.aspx" target="_self">Fitness</a><a href="/English/ages-stages/gradeschool/nutrition/Pages/default.aspx" target="_self">Nutrition</a><a href="/english/ages-stages/gradeschool/puberty/pages/default.aspx" target="_self">Puberty</a><a href="/English/ages-stages/gradeschool/school/Pages/default.aspx" target="_self">School</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="/english/ages-stages/teen/pages/default.aspx" target="_self">Teen 12-18yrs.</a><ul class="dropdown-root-grandchild-container"><li><a href="/English/ages-stages/teen/dating-sex/Pages/default.aspx" target="_self">Dating ＆ Sex</a><a href="/English/ages-stages/teen/fitness/Pages/default.aspx" target="_self">Fitness</a><a href="/English/ages-stages/teen/nutrition/Pages/default.aspx" target="_self">Nutrition</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="/english/ages-stages/young-adult/pages/default.aspx" target="_self">Young Adult 18-21yrs.</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></li><li><span></span><a href="/english/healthy-living/pages/default.aspx" target="_self" class="root-desktop-link"><span>Healthy Living</span></a><a href="https://www.healthychildren.org/English/family-life/family-dynamics/communication-discipline/Pages/Disciplining-Your-Child.aspx#" class="root-mobile-link"><span>Healthy Living</span></a><div class="nav-dropdown two-col-container"><ul class="dropdown-root-container"><li><div class="dropdown-root-link-container"><a href="/english/healthy-living/pages/default.aspx">Healthy Living</a></div><ul><li><a href="/english/healthy-living/emotional-wellness/pages/default.aspx" target="_self">Emotional Wellness</a><ul class="dropdown-root-grandchild-container"><li><a href="/English/healthy-living/emotional-wellness/Building-Resilience/Pages/default.aspx" target="_self">Building Resilience</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="/english/healthy-living/fitness/pages/default.aspx" target="_self">Fitness</a></li><li><a href="/english/healthy-living/growing-healthy/pages/default.aspx" target="_self">Growing Healthy</a></li><li><a href="/english/healthy-living/nutrition/pages/default.aspx" target="_self">Nutrition</a></li></ul><ul><li><a href="/english/healthy-living/oral-health/pages/default.aspx" target="_self">Oral Health</a></li><li><a href="/English/healthy-living/sleep/Pages/default.aspx" target="_self">Sleep</a></li><li><a href="/english/healthy-living/sports/pages/default.aspx" target="_self">Sports</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></li><li><span></span><a href="/english/safety-prevention" target="_self" class="root-desktop-link"><span>Safety & Prevention</span></a><a href="https://www.healthychildren.org/English/family-life/family-dynamics/communication-discipline/Pages/Disciplining-Your-Child.aspx#" class="root-mobile-link"><span>Safety & Prevention</span></a><div class="nav-dropdown"><ul class="dropdown-root-container"><li><div class="dropdown-root-link-container"><a href="/english/safety-prevention">Safety and Prevention</a></div><ul><li><a href="/english/safety-prevention/all-around/pages/default.aspx" target="_self">All Around</a></li><li><a href="/english/safety-prevention/at-home/pages/default.aspx" target="_self">At Home</a><ul class="dropdown-root-grandchild-container"><li><a href="/english/safety-prevention/at-home/medication-safety/Pages/default.aspx" target="_self">Medication Safety</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="/english/safety-prevention/at-play/pages/default.aspx" target="_self">At Play</a></li><li><a href="/english/safety-prevention/immunizations/pages/default.aspx" target="_self">Immunizations</a></li><li><a href="/english/safety-prevention/on-the-go/pages/default.aspx" target="_self">On The Go</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></li><li><span></span><a href="/english/family-life/pages/default.aspx" target="_self" class="root-desktop-link nav-active"><span>Family Life</span></a><a href="https://www.healthychildren.org/English/family-life/family-dynamics/communication-discipline/Pages/Disciplining-Your-Child.aspx#" class="root-mobile-link"><span>Family Life</span></a><div class="nav-dropdown two-col-container"><ul class="dropdown-root-container"><li><div class="dropdown-root-link-container"><a href="/english/family-life/pages/default.aspx">Family Life</a></div><ul><li><a href="/english/family-life/family-dynamics/pages/default.aspx" target="_self">Family Dynamics</a><ul class="dropdown-root-grandchild-container"><li><a href="/English/family-life/family-dynamics/communication-discipline/Pages/default.aspx" target="_self">Communication ＆ Discipline</a><a href="/English/family-life/family-dynamics/types-of-families/Pages/default.aspx" target="_self">Types of Families</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="/english/family-life/community//pages/default.aspx" target="_self">Getting Involved in Your Community</a></li><li><a href="/english/family-life/media/pages/default.aspx" target="_self">Media</a></li></ul><ul><li><a href="/english/family-life/health-management/pages/default.aspx" target="_self">Medical Home</a><ul class="dropdown-root-grandchild-container"><li><a href="/English/family-life/health-management/pediatric-specialists/Pages/default.aspx" target="_self">Pediatric Specialists</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="/English/family-life/power-of-play/Pages/default.aspx" target="_self">Power of Play</a></li><li><a href="/English/family-life/work-and-child-care/Pages/default.aspx" target="_self">Work ＆ Child Care</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></li><li><span></span><a href="/english/health-issues/pages/default.aspx" target="_self" class="root-desktop-link"><span>Health Issues</span></a><a href="https://www.healthychildren.org/English/family-life/family-dynamics/communication-discipline/Pages/Disciplining-Your-Child.aspx#" class="root-mobile-link"><span>Health Issues</span></a><div class="nav-dropdown anchor-right"><ul class="dropdown-root-container"><li><div class="dropdown-root-link-container"><a href="/english/health-issues/pages/default.aspx">Health Issues</a></div><ul><li><a href="/english/health-issues/conditions/pages/default.aspx" target="_self">Conditions</a><ul class="dropdown-root-grandchild-container"><li><a href="/English/health-issues/conditions/abdominal/Pages/default.aspx" target="_self">Abdominal</a><a href="/English/health-issues/conditions/adhd/Pages/default.aspx" target="_self">ADHD</a><a href="/English/health-issues/conditions/allergies-asthma/Pages/default.aspx" target="_self">Allergies ＆ Asthma</a><a href="/English/health-issues/conditions/Autism/Pages/default.aspx" target="_self">Autism</a><a href="/English/health-issues/conditions/chest-lungs/Pages/default.aspx" target="_self">Chest ＆ Lungs</a><a href="/English/health-issues/conditions/chronic/Pages/default.aspx" target="_self">Chronic Conditions</a><a href="/English/health-issues/conditions/Cleft-Craniofacial/Pages/default.aspx" target="_self">Cleft ＆ Craniofacial</a><a href="/English/health-issues/conditions/COVID-19/Pages/default.aspx" target="_self">COVID-19</a><a href="/English/health-issues/conditions/developmental-disabilities/Pages/default.aspx" target="_self">Developmental Disabilities</a><a href="/English/health-issues/conditions/ear-nose-throat/Pages/default.aspx" target="_self">Ear, Nose ＆ Throat</a><a href="/English/health-issues/conditions/emotional-problems/Pages/default.aspx" target="_self">Emotional Problems</a><a href="/English/health-issues/conditions/eyes/Pages/default.aspx" target="_self">Eyes</a><a href="/English/health-issues/conditions/fever/Pages/default.aspx" target="_self">Fever</a><a href="/English/health-issues/conditions/flu/Pages/default.aspx" target="_self">Flu</a><a href="/English/health-issues/conditions/from-insects-animals/Pages/default.aspx" target="_self">From Insects or Animals</a><a href="/English/health-issues/conditions/genitourinary-tract/Pages/default.aspx" target="_self">Genitals and Urinary Tract</a><a href="/English/health-issues/conditions/head-neck-nervous-system/Pages/default.aspx" target="_self">Head, Neck ＆ Nervous System</a><a href="/English/health-issues/conditions/heart/Pages/default.aspx" target="_self">Heart</a><a href="/English/health-issues/conditions/infections/Pages/default.aspx" target="_self">Infections</a><a href="/English/health-issues/conditions/learning-disabilities/Pages/default.aspx" target="_self">Learning Disabilities</a><a href="/English/health-issues/conditions/seizures/Pages/default.aspx" target="_self">Seizures</a><a href="/English/health-issues/conditions/sexually-transmitted/Pages/default.aspx" target="_self">Sexually Transmitted Infections</a><a href="/English/health-issues/conditions/skin/Pages/default.aspx" target="_self">Skin Conditions</a><a href="/English/health-issues/conditions/treatments/Pages/default.aspx" target="_self">Treatments</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="/English/health-issues/injuries-emergencies/Pages/default.aspx" target="_self">Injuries ＆ Emergencies</a><ul class="dropdown-root-grandchild-container"><li><a href="/English/health-issues/injuries-emergencies/sports-injuries/Pages/default.aspx" target="_self">Sports Injuries</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="/english/health-issues/vaccine-preventable-diseases/pages/default.aspx" target="_self">Vaccine Preventable Diseases</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></li><li><a href="/english/News/pages/default.aspx" target="_self" class="root-desktop-link"><span>News</span></a><a href="/english/News/pages/default.aspx" class="root-mobile-link"><span>News</span></a></li><li><span></span><a href="/english/tips-tools/pages/default.aspx" target="_self" class="root-desktop-link"><span>Tips & Tools</span></a><a href="https://www.healthychildren.org/English/family-life/family-dynamics/communication-discipline/Pages/Disciplining-Your-Child.aspx#" class="root-mobile-link"><span>Tips & Tools</span></a><div class="nav-dropdown two-col-container anchor-right"><ul class="dropdown-root-container"><li><div class="dropdown-root-link-container"><a href="/english/tips-tools/pages/default.aspx">Tips and Tools</a></div><ul><li><a href="/english/tips-tools/ask-the-pediatrician/pages/default.aspx" target="_self">Ask The Pediatrician</a></li><li><a href="/English/asthmatracker/pages/asthmatracker.aspx" target="_self">Asthma Action Tracker</a></li><li><a href="/English/fmp/Pages/MediaPlan.aspx" target="_self">AAP Family Media Plan</a></li><li><a href="/english/tips-tools/find-pediatrician/Pages/Pediatrician-Referral-Service.aspx" target="_self">Find a Pediatrician</a></li><li><a href="/English/tips-tools/HealthyChildren_Magazine/Pages/default.aspx" target="_self">Healthy Children Magazine</a></li><li><a href="/English/tips-tools/healthy-children-podcast/Pages/podcast.aspx" target="_self">Healthy Children Podcast</a></li></ul><ul><li><a href="/English/tips-tools/HealthyChildren-Texting-Program/Pages/default.aspx" target="_self">Healthy Children Texting Program</a></li><li><a href="/English/MotorDelay/Pages/default.aspx" target="_self">Motor Delay Tool</a></li><li><a href="/english/tips-tools/newsletters/pages/default.aspx" target="_self">Newsletters</a></li><li><a href="/English/healthy-living/fitness/StopWatch-Tool/Pages/default.aspx" target="_self">Physical Activity Checker</a></li><li><a href="/english/tips-tools/symptom-checker/pages/default.aspx" target="_self">Symptom Checker</a></li><li><a href="/english/tips-tools/webinars/pages/default.aspx" target="_self">Webinars</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></li><li><span></span><a href="/english/our-mission/pages/default.aspx" target="_self" class="root-desktop-link"><span>Our Mission</span></a><a href="https://www.healthychildren.org/English/family-life/family-dynamics/communication-discipline/Pages/Disciplining-Your-Child.aspx#" class="root-mobile-link"><span>Our Mission</span></a><div class="nav-dropdown anchor-right"><ul class="dropdown-root-container"><li><div class="dropdown-root-link-container"><a href="/english/our-mission/pages/default.aspx">Our Mission</a></div><ul><li><a href="/english/our-mission/aap-in-action/pages/default.aspx" target="_self">AAP in Action</a></li><li><a href="/english/our-mission/Pages/contributors.aspx" target="_self">Medical Editor & Contributors</a></li><li><a href="/english/our-mission/sponsors/pages/default.aspx" target="_self">Sponsors</a></li><li><a href="/english/our-mission/pages/sponsorship-opportunities.aspx" target="_self">Sponsorship Opportunities</a></li><li><a href="/english/our-mission/pages/spread-the-word.aspx" target="_self">Spread the Word</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></li><li><a href="http://shop.aap.org/for-parents/" class="btn-shop-aap" target="_blank">Shop AAP</a></li></ul> <div class="mobile-nav-extra"> <div class="extra-pic"> <a id="ctl00_aapTopNavigation_lnkFAP" class="mobile-fap-link" href="/english/tips-tools/find-pediatrician/pages/pediatrician-referral-service.aspx">Find a Pediatrician</a> </div> <div class="mobile-nav-search"> <input name="ctl00$aapTopNavigation$txtMobileSearch" type="text" id="ctl00_aapTopNavigation_txtMobileSearch" /> <input type="submit" name="ctl00$aapTopNavigation$btnMobileSearch" value="" onclick="javascript:WebForm_DoPostBackWithOptions(new WebForm_PostBackOptions("ctl00$aapTopNavigation$btnMobileSearch", "", true, "", "", false, false))" id="ctl00_aapTopNavigation_btnMobileSearch" class="btn-search" /> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div class="clear"> </div>  <section class="page-content"> <div id="hcMainContainer"> <div class="left-col-container col-xs-3 col-sm-3 col-md-3 col-lg-3"> <h5 class="title rail-left-title"> Family Life </h5> <div class="rail-left"> <div class="vertical-nav-header-top"></div> <div id="ctl00_cphLeftNav_QuickLaunchNavigationManager"> <div class="vertical-navigation"> <table id="zz1_QuickLaunchMenu" class="ms-navSubMenu1 zz1_QuickLaunchMenu_7 zz1_QuickLaunchMenu_2" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0"> <tr onmouseover="Menu_HoverRoot(this)" onmouseout="Menu_Unhover(this)" onkeyup="Menu_Key(this)" id="zz1_QuickLaunchMenun0"> <td><table class="ms-navheader zz1_QuickLaunchMenu_4" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" width="100%"> <tr> <td style="width:100%;"><a class="zz1_QuickLaunchMenu_1 ms-navheader zz1_QuickLaunchMenu_3" href="/English/family-life/family-dynamics/Pages/default.aspx" style="border-style:none;font-size:1em;">Family Dynamics</a></td> </tr> </table></td> </tr><tr> <td><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%" class="ms-navSubMenu2 zz1_QuickLaunchMenu_8"> <tr onmouseover="Menu_HoverStatic(this)" onmouseout="Menu_Unhover(this)" onkeyup="Menu_Key(this)" id="zz1_QuickLaunchMenun1"> <td><table class="ms-navitem zz1_QuickLaunchMenu_6" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" width="100%"> <tr> <td style="width:100%;"><a class="zz1_QuickLaunchMenu_1 ms-navitem zz1_QuickLaunchMenu_5" href="/English/family-life/family-dynamics/adoption-and-foster-care/Pages/default.aspx" style="border-style:none;font-size:1em;">Adoption & Foster Care</a></td> </tr> </table></td> </tr><tr onmouseover="Menu_HoverStatic(this)" onmouseout="Menu_Unhover(this)" onkeyup="Menu_Key(this)" id="zz1_QuickLaunchMenun2"> <td><table class="ms-navitem zz1_QuickLaunchMenu_6 ms-selectednav zz1_QuickLaunchMenu_12" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" width="100%"> <tr> <td style="width:100%;"><a class="zz1_QuickLaunchMenu_1 ms-navitem zz1_QuickLaunchMenu_5 ms-selectednav zz1_QuickLaunchMenu_11" href="/English/family-life/family-dynamics/communication-discipline/Pages/default.aspx" style="border-style:none;font-size:1em;">Communication & Discipline</a></td> </tr> </table></td> </tr><tr onmouseover="Menu_HoverStatic(this)" onmouseout="Menu_Unhover(this)" onkeyup="Menu_Key(this)" id="zz1_QuickLaunchMenun3"> <td><table class="ms-navitem zz1_QuickLaunchMenu_6" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" width="100%"> <tr> <td style="width:100%;"><a class="zz1_QuickLaunchMenu_1 ms-navitem zz1_QuickLaunchMenu_5" href="/English/family-life/family-dynamics/types-of-families/Pages/default.aspx" style="border-style:none;font-size:1em;">Types of Families</a></td> </tr> </table></td> </tr> </table></td> </tr><tr onmouseover="Menu_HoverRoot(this)" onmouseout="Menu_Unhover(this)" onkeyup="Menu_Key(this)" id="zz1_QuickLaunchMenun4"> <td><table class="ms-navheader zz1_QuickLaunchMenu_4" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" width="100%"> <tr> <td style="width:100%;"><a class="zz1_QuickLaunchMenu_1 ms-navheader zz1_QuickLaunchMenu_3" href="/English/family-life/Community/Pages/default.aspx" style="border-style:none;font-size:1em;">Getting Involved in Your Community</a></td> </tr> </table></td> </tr><tr onmouseover="Menu_HoverRoot(this)" onmouseout="Menu_Unhover(this)" onkeyup="Menu_Key(this)" id="zz1_QuickLaunchMenun5"> <td><table class="ms-navheader zz1_QuickLaunchMenu_4" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" width="100%"> <tr> <td style="width:100%;"><a class="zz1_QuickLaunchMenu_1 ms-navheader zz1_QuickLaunchMenu_3" href="/English/family-life/Media/Pages/default.aspx" style="border-style:none;font-size:1em;">Media</a></td> </tr> </table></td> </tr><tr onmouseover="Menu_HoverRoot(this)" onmouseout="Menu_Unhover(this)" onkeyup="Menu_Key(this)" id="zz1_QuickLaunchMenun6"> <td><table class="ms-navheader zz1_QuickLaunchMenu_4" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" width="100%"> <tr> <td style="width:100%;"><a class="zz1_QuickLaunchMenu_1 ms-navheader zz1_QuickLaunchMenu_3" href="/English/family-life/health-management/Pages/default.aspx" style="border-style:none;font-size:1em;">Medical Home</a></td> </tr> </table></td> </tr><tr onmouseover="Menu_HoverRoot(this)" onmouseout="Menu_Unhover(this)" onkeyup="Menu_Key(this)" id="zz1_QuickLaunchMenun7"> <td><table class="ms-navheader zz1_QuickLaunchMenu_4" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" width="100%"> <tr> <td style="width:100%;"><a class="zz1_QuickLaunchMenu_1 ms-navheader zz1_QuickLaunchMenu_3" href="/English/family-life/power-of-play/Pages/default.aspx" style="border-style:none;font-size:1em;">Power of Play</a></td> </tr> </table></td> </tr><tr onmouseover="Menu_HoverRoot(this)" onmouseout="Menu_Unhover(this)" onkeyup="Menu_Key(this)" id="zz1_QuickLaunchMenun8"> <td><table class="ms-navheader zz1_QuickLaunchMenu_4" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" width="100%"> <tr> <td style="width:100%;"><a class="zz1_QuickLaunchMenu_1 ms-navheader zz1_QuickLaunchMenu_3" href="/English/family-life/work-and-child-care/Pages/default.aspx" style="border-style:none;font-size:1em;">Work & Child Care</a></td> </tr> </table></td> </tr> </table></div> </div> </div> <div class="tablet-desktop-sponsors"> <div id="ctl00_cphLeftNav_AapPromo_pnlPromo1" class="promo-rollup-container"> <div class="widget-right"> <a id="ctl00_cphLeftNav_AapPromo_rptPromo_ctl00_lnkPromo" href="https://shop.aap.org/high-five-discipline-paperback/" target="_blank"><img id="ctl00_cphLeftNav_AapPromo_rptPromo_ctl00_imgPromo" class="promo-widget-img" src="https://www.healthychildren.org/PromotionImages/2201_High%20Five%20Discipline-HealthyChildren-ads.jpg" /></a> </div> </div> <div class="ms-webpart-zone ms-fullWidth"> <div id="MSOZoneCell_WebPartctl00_SPWebPartManager1_g_808ecaee_4d48_43fd_8014_1e73f43ba2a0" class="s4-wpcell-plain ms-webpartzone-cell ms-webpart-cell-vertical-inline-table ms-webpart-cell-vertical ms-fullWidth "> <div class="ms-webpart-chrome ms-webpart-chrome-vertical ms-webpart-chrome-fullWidth "> <div WebPartID="808ecaee-4d48-43fd-8014-1e73f43ba2a0" HasPers="false" id="WebPartctl00_SPWebPartManager1_g_808ecaee_4d48_43fd_8014_1e73f43ba2a0" width="100%" class="ms-WPBody " allowDelete="false" allowExport="false" style="" ><div id="ctl00_SPWebPartManager1_g_808ecaee_4d48_43fd_8014_1e73f43ba2a0"> </div><div class="ms-clear"></div></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="DeltaPlaceHolderMain"> <a id="mainContent" name="mainContent" tabindex="-1"></a>  <div class="middle-col-container col-xs-12 col-sm-9 col-md-9 col-lg-9"> <div class="article-page"> <div class="breadcrumbs"> <div class="menu-more"> <div class="menu-icon crumb"> <span class="icon-bar"></span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> </div> <span id="ctl00_cphPageContent_Breadcrumb_lblInThisSection">In This Section</span> </div> <div class="breadcrumb-trail"> <a href="/English" >Healthy Children</a> > <a href="https://www.healthychildren.org/English/family-life" >Family Life</a> > <a href="https://www.healthychildren.org/English/family-life/family-dynamics" >Family Dynamics</a> > <a href="https://www.healthychildren.org/English/family-life/family-dynamics/communication-discipline" >Communication & Discipline</a> > What’s the Best Way to Discipline My Child? </div> </div> <div class="int-page-header"> <div class="page-section">Family Life </div> </div> <div class="layout-content">  <div class="article-social-container"> <div class="article-social-left"> <div class="reader-listen-container"> </div> </div> <div class="article-social-right">  <div class="sharethis-inline-share-buttons"></div>  </div> </div> <div id="read_content" class="fontScalerWrapper"> <h1 class="page-title">What’s the Best Way to Discipline My Child?</h1> <div class="middle-bottom-wpz"> <menu class="ms-hide"> <ie:menuitem id="MSOMenu_Help" iconsrc="/_layouts/15/images/HelpIcon.gif" onmenuclick="MSOWebPartPage_SetNewWindowLocation(MenuWebPart.getAttribute('helpLink'), MenuWebPart.getAttribute('helpMode'))" text="Help" type="option" style="display:none"> </ie:menuitem> </menu> </div>  <div id="ctl00_cphPageContent_EditModePanel1"> <div class="article-image"> <span class="img-desktop-responsive"> <img alt="mom daughter discipline" src="https://www.healthychildren.org/SiteCollectionImagesArticleImages/mom_daughter_discipline.jpg" style="BORDER: 0px solid; "> </span> <span class="img-mobile-responsive print-no"> <img alt="mom daughter discipline" src="/SiteCollectionImagesArticleImages/mom_daughter_discipline.jpg" style="BORDER: 0px solid; "> </span> </div> </div> <div> <div id="ctl00_cphPageContent_ctl00_label" style='display:none'>Page Content</div><div id="ctl00_cphPageContent_ctl00__ControlWrapper_RichHtmlField" class="ms-rtestate-field" style="display:inline" aria-labelledby="ctl00_cphPageContent_ctl00_label"><p>As a parent, one of your jobs to teach your child to behave. It's a job that takes time and patience. But, it helps to learn the effective and healthy discipline strategies. <br></p><p> <strong>Here are some tips from the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) on the best ways to help your child learn acceptable behavior as they grow. </strong><br></p><h2>10 healthy discipline strategies that work </h2><p>The AAP recommends positive discipline strategies that effectively teach children to manage their behavior and keep them from harm while promoting healthy development. These include:</p><ol><li><p> <strong>Show and tell. </strong>Teach children right from wrong with calm words and actions. Model behaviors you would like to see in your children.</p></li><li><p> <strong>Set limits.</strong> Have clear and consistent rules your children can follow. Be sure to explain these rules in age-appropriate terms they can understand. </p></li><li><p> <strong>Give consequences. </strong>Calmly and firmly explain the consequences if they don't behave. For example, tell her that if she does not pick up her toys, you will put them away for the rest of the day. Be prepared to follow through right away. Don't give in by giving them back after a few minutes. But remember, never take away something your child truly needs, such as a meal.</p></li><li><p> <strong>Hear them out. </strong>Listening is important. Let your child finish the story before helping solve the problem. Watch for times when misbehavior has a pattern, like if your child is feeling jealous. Talk with your child about this rather than just giving consequences. </p></li><li><p> <strong>Give them your attention.</strong> The most powerful tool for effective discipline is attention—to reinforce good behaviors and discourage others. Remember, all children want their parent's attention.</p></li><li><p> <strong>Catch them being good.</strong> Children need to know when they do something bad--and when they do something good. Notice good behavior and point it out, praising success and good tries. Be specific (for example, <em>"Wow, you did a good job putting that toy away!"</em>). </p></li><li><p> <strong>Know when not to respond.</strong> As long as your child isn't doing something dangerous and gets plenty of attention for good behavior, ignoring bad behavior can be an effective way of stopping it. Ignoring bad behavior can also teach children natural consequences of their actions. For example, if your child keeps dropping her cookies on purpose, she will soon have no more cookies left to eat. If she throws and breaks her toy, she will not be able to play with it. It will not be long before she learns not to drop her cookies and to play carefully with her toys. </p></li><li><p> <strong>Be prepared for trouble</strong>. Plan ahead for situations when your child might have trouble behaving. Prepare them for upcoming activities and how you want them to behave.</p></li><li><p> <strong>Redirect bad behavior. </strong>Sometimes children misbehave because they are bored or don't know any better. Find something else for your child to do.</p></li><li><p> <strong>Call a time-out</strong>. A <a href="/English/family-life/family-dynamics/communication-discipline/Pages/Time-Outs-101.aspx">time-out</a> can be especially useful when a specific rule is broken. This discipline tool works best by warning children they will get a time out if they don't stop, reminding them what they did wrong in as few words―and with as little emotion―as possible, and removing them from the situation for a pre-set length of time (1 minute per year of age is a good rule of thumb). With children who are at least 3 years old, you can try letting their children lead their own time-out instead of setting a timer. You can just say, <em>"Go to time out and come back when you feel ready and in control."</em> This strategy, which can help the child learn and practice self-management skills, also works well for older children and teens.<br><br></p></li></ol><div class="ms-rteElement-AAPCalloutLightGreen"><h3>Spanking and harsh words are harmful and don't work. Here's why:</h3>The AAP policy statement, "<a href="https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2018-3112" target="_blank">Effective Discipline to Raise Healthy Children</a>," highlights why it's important to focus on teaching good behavior rather than punishing bad behavior. Research shows that spanking, slapping and other forms of physical punishment don't work well to correct a child's behavior. The same holds true for yelling at or shaming a child. Beyond being ineffective, harsh physical and verbal punishments can also damage a child's long-term physical and mental health.<br> <ul><li><strong>Spanking's unhealthy cycle.</strong> The AAP advises that parents and caregivers should not spank or hit children. Instead of teaching responsibility and self-control, spanking often increases aggression and anger in children. A <a href="http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/early/2013/10/16/peds.2013-1227" target="_blank">study</a> of children born in 20 large U.S. cities found that families who used physical punishment got caught in a negative cycle: the more children were spanked, the more they later misbehaved, which prompted more spankings in response. Spanking's effects may also be felt beyond the parent-child relationship. Because it teaches that causing someone pain is OK if you're frustrated—even with those you love. Children who are spanked may be more likely to hit others when they don't get what they want.<br><br> </li><li><strong>Lasting marks.</strong> Physical punishment increases the risk of injury, especially in children under 18 months of age, and may leave other measurable marks on the brain and body. Children who are spanked show higher levels of hormones tied to <a href="https://www.aap.org/en-us/advocacy-and-policy/aap-health-initiatives/resilience/Pages/ACEs-and-Toxic-Stress.aspx" target="_blank">toxic stress</a>. Physical punishment may also affect brain development. One study found that young adults who were spanked repeatedly had less gray matter, the part of the brain involved with self-control, and performed lower on IQ tests as young adults than the control group.<br><br> </li><li><strong>Verbal abuse: How words hurt. </strong>Yelling at children and using words to cause emotional pain or shame also has been found to be ineffective and harmful. Harsh verbal discipline, even by parents who are otherwise warm and loving, can lead to more misbehavior and mental health problems in children. <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3875601/" target="_blank">Research</a> shows that harsh verbal discipline, which becomes more common as children get older, may lead to more behavior problems and symptoms of depression in teens.<br> </li> </ul></div><p></p><h2>Learn from mistakes—including your own</h2><p>Remember that, as a parent, you can give yourself a time out if you feel out of control. Just make sure your child is in a safe place, and then give yourself a few minutes to take a few deep breaths, relax or call a friend. When you are feeling better, go back to your child, hug each other, and start over. </p><p>If you do not handle a situation well the first time, try not to worry about it. Think about what you could have done differently and try to do it the next time. If you feel you have made a real mistake in the heat of the moment, wait to cool down, apologize to your child, and explain how you will handle the situation in the future. Be sure to keep your promise. This gives your child a good model of how to recover from mistakes.<br></p><div style="text-align:center;"></div><h2 style="text-align:center;"> <span style="text-decoration:underline;">Healthy & effective discipline tips by age/stage </span><br></h2><table cellspacing="0" class="ms-rteTable-6" style="width:100%;height:686px;"><tbody><tr class="ms-rteTableEvenRow-6"><th class="ms-rteTableFirstCol-6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="width:4%;height:149px;"><h3>Infants<br></h3></th><td class="ms-rteTableOddCol-6" style="width:74%;height:149px;"><ul><li><p>Babies learn by watching what you do, so set examples of behavior you expect.<br></p></li><li><p>Use positive language to guide your baby. For example, say,<em> "Time to sit," </em>rather than, <em>"Don't stand."</em></p></li><li><p>Save the word, <em>"no,"</em> for the most important issues, like safety. Limit the need to say <em>"no"</em> by putting dangerous or tempting objects out of reach.</p></li><li><p>Distracting and replacing a dangerous or forbidden object with one that is okay to play with is a good strategy at this age.</p></li><li><p>All children, including babies, need consistent discipline, so talk with your partner, family members, and child care provider to set basic rules everyone follows.<br></p></li></ul></td></tr><tr class="ms-rteTableOddRow-6"><th class="ms-rteTableFirstCol-6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="width:4%;height:219px;"><h3>Toddlers<br></h3></th><td class="ms-rteTableOddCol-6" style="height:219px;width:74%;"><ul><li><p>Your child is starting to recognize what's allowed and what isn't but may test some rules to see how you react. Pay attention to and praise behaviors you like and ignore those you want to discourage. Redirect to a different activity when needed.<br></p></li><li><p>Tantrums can become more common as your child struggles to master new skills and situations. Anticipate tantrum triggers, like being tired or hungry, and help head them off with well-timed naps and meals.</p></li><li><p>Teach your toddler not to hit, bite, or use other <a href="/English/ages-stages/toddler/Pages/Aggressive-Behavior.aspx">aggressive behaviors</a>. Model nonviolent behavior by not spanking your toddler and by handling conflict with your partner in a constructive way.</p></li><li><p>Stay consistent in enforcing limits. Try short <a href="/English/family-life/family-dynamics/communication-discipline/Pages/Time-Outs-101.aspx">time-outs</a> if needed. </p></li><li><p>Acknowledge <a href="/English/family-life/family-dynamics/Pages/Reducing-Sibling-Conflicts.aspx">conflicts between siblings</a> but avoid taking sides. For example, if an argument arises about a toy, the toy can be put away.<br></p></li></ul></td></tr><tr class="ms-rteTableEvenRow-6"><th class="ms-rteTableFirstCol-6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="width:4%;height:194px;"><h3>Preschool Age<br></h3></th><td class="ms-rteTableOddCol-6" style="height:194px;width:74%;"><ul><li><p>Preschool-age children are still trying to understand how and why things work and what effect their actions have. As they learn appropriate behavior, expect them to continue testing the limits of parents and siblings.<br></p></li><li><p>Begin assigning age-appropriate <a href="/English/family-life/family-dynamics/communication-discipline/Pages/Chores-and-Responsibility.aspx">chores</a>, like putting their toys away. Give simple, step-by-step directions. Reward them with praise.<br></p></li><li><p>Allow your child to make choices among acceptable alternatives, redirecting and setting sensible limits. </p></li><li><p>Teach your child to treat others as she wants to be treated.</p></li><li><p>Explain that it's OK to feel mad sometimes, but not to hurt someone or break things. Teach them how to deal with angry feelings in positive ways, like talking about it.</p></li><li><p>To resolve conflicts, use <a href="/English/family-life/family-dynamics/communication-discipline/Pages/Time-Outs-101.aspx">time-outs</a> or remove the source of conflict.<br></p></li></ul></td></tr><tr class="ms-rteTableOddRow-6"><th class="ms-rteTableFirstCol-6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="width:4%;"><h3>Gradeschool-Age Children<br></h3></th><td class="ms-rteTableOddCol-6" style="width:74%;"><ul><li><p>Your child is beginning to get a sense of right and wrong. Talk about the choices they have in difficult situations, what are the good and bad options, and what might come next depending on how they decide to act.<br></p></li><li><p>Talk about family expectations and reasonable consequences for not following family rules.</p></li><li><p>Provide a balance of privileges and responsibility, giving children more privileges when they follow rules of good behavior.</p></li><li><p>Continue to teach and model patience, concern and respect for others.</p></li><li><p>Don't let yourself or others use physical punishment. If you live in an area where corporal punishment is allowed in schools, you have the right to say that your child may not be spanked.<br></p></li></ul></td></tr><tr class="ms-rteTableEvenRow-6"><th class="ms-rteTableFirstCol-6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="width:4%;height:330px;"><h3>Adolescents & Teens <br></h3></th><td class="ms-rteTableOddCol-6" style="width:74%;height:330px;"><ul><li><p>As your teen develops more independent decision-making skills, you'll need to balance your unconditional love and support with clear expectations, rules, and boundaries.<br></p></li><li><p>Continue to show plenty of affection and attention. Make time every day to talk. Young people are more likely to make healthy choices if they stay connected with family members.<br></p></li><li><p>Get to know your teen's friends and talk about responsible and respectful relationships.</p></li><li><p>Acknowledge your teen's efforts, achievements, and success in what they do―and don't do. Praise the choice to avoid using tobacco, e-cigarettes, alcohol, or other drugs. Set a good example through your own responsible use of alcohol and other substances.<br></p></li></ul></td></tr></tbody></table><h2>More information<br></h2><p></p><ul><li> <a href="/English/ages-stages/preschool/Pages/Tips-to-Survive-the-Terrible-3s.aspx" style="background-color:#ffffff;">15 Tips to Survive the Terrible 3's</a></li><li> <a href="/English/family-life/family-dynamics/communication-discipline/Pages/How-to-Shape-Manage-Young-Child-Behavior.aspx">How to Shape and Manage Your Young Child's Behavior</a></li><li> <a href="/English/family-life/family-dynamics/communication-discipline/Pages/Disciplining-Older-Children.aspx">Disciplining Older Children</a></li><li> <a href="/English/family-life/family-dynamics/communication-discipline/Pages/Time-Outs-101.aspx">How to Give a Time-Out</a></li><li> <a href="https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2018-3112">Effective Discipline to Raise Healthy Children</a> (AAP Policy Statement)<br><br></li></ul><p></p></div> <div id="ctl00_cphPageContent_PublishingPageContentField_label" style='display:none'>Article Body</div><div id="ctl00_cphPageContent_PublishingPageContentField__ControlWrapper_RichHtmlField" class="ms-rtestate-field" style="display:inline" aria-labelledby="ctl00_cphPageContent_PublishingPageContentField_label"></div> <dl id="ctl00_cphPageContent_dlLastUpdated" class="article-details"> <dt><span id="ctl00_cphPageContent_lblLastUpdated">Last Updated</span></dt> <dd><span id="ctl00_cphPageContent_lblDate">11/5/2018</span></dd> </dl> <dl id="ctl00_cphPageContent_dlSource" class="article-details"> <dt><span id="ctl00_cphPageContent_lblArticleSource">Source</span></dt> <dd><span id="ctl00_cphPageContent_lblSource">American Academy of Pediatrics (Copyright © 2018)</span></dd> </dl> <div class="disclaimer"> <span id="ctl00_cphPageContent_lblDisclaimer">The information contained on this Web site should not be used as a substitute for the medical care and advice of your pediatrician. There may be variations in treatment that your pediatrician may recommend based on individual facts and circumstances.</span> </div> </div> </div> </div>  <div class="article-social-container" style="margin-top: 25px;"> <div class="article-social-right">  </div> </div> <div class="middle-bottom-wpz"> </div>  <div class="mobile-sponsors"> </div>  </div> </div>  </div> </div> </section>  <div class="site-main"> <div class="primary-content old-content-container">       <input type="text" name="__spDummyText1" style="display: none;" size="1" /> <input type="text" name="__spDummyText2" style="display: none;" size="1" /> </div>    <script type="text/javascript">//<![CDATA[ var formDigestElement = document.getElementsByName('__REQUESTDIGEST')[0]; if (!((formDigestElement == null) || (formDigestElement.tagName.toLowerCase() != 'input') || (formDigestElement.type.toLowerCase() != 'hidden') || (formDigestElement.value == null) || (formDigestElement.value.length <= 0))) { formDigestElement.value = '0xCFFD212D8CA2E56E52FA26044B957C8BBC2F732F32AF35AA2ECB6FD95590E4DA58B9ECEED7C406F98805149EF17B613494AD34431C00C1FEDA88B14DE71D94D4,17 Feb 2025 12:27:57 -0000';_spPageContextInfo.updateFormDigestPageLoaded = new Date(); } //]]> </script> </div> </div>  <div class="find-us"> <span class="title"> Follow Us </span> <ul class="social-networks"> <li> <a href='https://www.instagram.com/healthychildrenaap/' style='background-image: url(https://www.healthychildren.org/SiteCollectionImagesArticleImages/instagram_social_icon_solid.png)' title='Instagram' target="_blank"> </a> </li> <li> <a href='https://facebook.com/healthychildren' style='background-image: url(https://www.healthychildren.org/SiteCollectionImagesArticleImages/sn-lrg-facebook-solid.png.png)' title='Facebook' target="_blank"> </a> </li> <li> <a href='https://twitter.com/healthychildren' style='background-image: url(https://www.healthychildren.org/SiteCollectionImagesArticleImages/sn-lrg-twitter-solid.png)' title='Twitter' target="_blank"> </a> </li> <li> <a href='https://www.youtube.com/channel/UClR8YIQX5Fb8J2wmsUKLhvQ/featured' style='background-image: url(https://www.healthychildren.org/SiteCollectionImagesArticleImages/sn-lrg-youtube-solid.png)' title='YouTube' target="_blank"> </a> </li> <li> <a href='https://www.pinterest.com/healthychildrenaap/ ' style='background-image: url(https://www.healthychildren.org/SiteCollectionImagesArticleImages/sn-lrg-pinterest-solid.png)' title='Pinterest' target="_blank"> </a> </li> <li> <a href='https://www.linkedin.com/company/american-academy-of-pediatrics' style='background-image: url(https://www.healthychildren.org/SiteCollectionImagesArticleImages/LinkedIn_SocialIcon-solid.png)' title='Linked In' target="_blank"> </a> </li> </ul> </div>   <footer class="hc-footer"> <div class="container"> <div class="footer-top"> <div class="donate" style="display: none"> <a id="ctl00_aapFooter_lnkDonate" class="btn-standard btn-yellow btn-donate" href="../../../../../_controltemplates/15/AAP.HealthyChildren.UI/#">Donate</a> </div> <ul class="footer-nav"> <li> <a href='https://www.healthychildren.org/English/pages/contact-us.aspx' target='_self'> Contact Us </a> </li> <li> <a href='https://www.healthychildren.org/English/Pages/about-aap.aspx' target='_self'> About Us </a> </li> <li> <a href='https://www.aap.org/en/pages/privacy-statement/' target='_blank'> Privacy Policy </a> </li> <li> <a href='https://www.aap.org/en/pages/terms-of-use/' target='_self'> Terms of Use </a> </li> <li> <a href='https://www.healthychildren.org/English/Pages/Editorial-Policy.aspx' target='_self'> Editorial Policy </a> </li> </ul> <div class="footer-right"> <a id="ctl00_aapFooter_lnkLanguage" class="btn-language" href="javascript:AAP.toggleSiteLanguage()"><img id="ctl00_aapFooter_imgLanguage" class="img-language" src="/_catalogs/masterpage/Assets/images/btn-language.png" /></a> <a id="ctl00_aapFooter_lnkAapLogo" class="logo-aap" href="http://www.aap.org" target="_blank"></a> </div> </div> <div class="footer-bottom"> <div class="footer-copyright"> © Copyright 2025 American Academy of Pediatrics. All rights reserved. </div> </div> </div> </footer>  <div class="scroll-to-top-wrap"> <a href="#" class="scroll-to-top-button btn-read-more"> <span id="ctl00_BackToTop_lblBackToTop">Back to Top</span> </a> </div>  </div> <div style='display:none' id='hidZone'></div> <script type="text/javascript"> //<![CDATA[ var _spFormDigestRefreshInterval = 1440000; IsSPSocialSwitchEnabled = function() { return true; };var _fV4UI = true; function _RegisterWebPartPageCUI() { var initInfo = {editable: false,isEditMode: false,allowWebPartAdder: false,listId: "{de4931fa-f58f-4312-95ca-b7b5e982482f}",itemId: 11,recycleBinEnabled: true,enableMinorVersioning: true,enableModeration: true,forceCheckout: true,rootFolderUrl: "\u002fEnglish\u002ffamily-life\u002ffamily-dynamics\u002fcommunication-discipline\u002fPages",itemPermissions:{High:16,Low:196673}}; SP.Ribbon.WebPartComponent.registerWithPageManager(initInfo); var wpcomp = SP.Ribbon.WebPartComponent.get_instance(); var hid; hid = document.getElementById("_wpSelected"); if (hid != null) { var wpid = hid.value; if (wpid.length > 0) { var zc = document.getElementById(wpid); if (zc != null) wpcomp.selectWebPart(zc, false); } } hid = document.getElementById("_wzSelected"); if (hid != null) { var wzid = hid.value; if (wzid.length > 0) { wpcomp.selectWebPartZone(null, wzid); } } }; function __RegisterWebPartPageCUI() { ExecuteOrDelayUntilScriptLoaded(_RegisterWebPartPageCUI, "sp.ribbon.js");} _spBodyOnLoadFunctionNames.push("__RegisterWebPartPageCUI");var __wpmExportWarning='This Web Part Page has been personalized. As a result, one or more Web Part properties may contain confidential information. Make sure the properties contain information that is safe for others to read. After exporting this Web Part, view properties in the Web Part description file (.WebPart) by using a text editor such as Microsoft Notepad.';var __wpmCloseProviderWarning='You are about to close this Web Part. It is currently providing data to other Web Parts, and these connections will be deleted if this Web Part is closed. To close this Web Part, click OK. To keep this Web Part, click Cancel.';var __wpmDeleteWarning='You are about to permanently delete this Web Part. Are you sure you want to do this? To delete this Web Part, click OK. To keep this Web Part, click Cancel.';var zz1_QuickLaunchMenu_Data = new Object(); zz1_QuickLaunchMenu_Data.disappearAfter = 500; zz1_QuickLaunchMenu_Data.horizontalOffset = 0; zz1_QuickLaunchMenu_Data.verticalOffset = 0; zz1_QuickLaunchMenu_Data.iframeUrl = '/WebResource.axd?d=beToSAE3vdsL1QUQUxjWdXRiFTzZW-2hTimZFckyV1A4zMHIHaM6nBs1FAKwQzki8c3kMIEJZltCFNRFyd20tQ2&t=638628027619783110'; if (typeof(overrideMenu_HoverStatic) == 'function' && typeof(Menu_HoverStatic) == 'function') { _spBodyOnLoadFunctionNames.push('enableFlyoutsAfterDelay'); Menu_HoverStatic = overrideMenu_HoverStatic; } var g_clientIdDeltaPlaceHolderMain = "DeltaPlaceHolderMain"; //]]> </script> </form>  <script type="text/javascript" src="/_layouts/15/AAP.HealthyChildren/js/jquery-3.6.0.min.js?v=4.0"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/_layouts/15/AAP.HealthyChildren/js/jquery-migrate-3.3.2.min.js"></script> <script src="/_catalogs/masterpage/Assets/scripts/jquery.flexslider.js?v=7.0" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="/_catalogs/masterpage/Assets/scripts/hoverIntent-old.js?v=7.0" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="/_catalogs/masterpage/Assets/scripts/jquery.sidr.min.js?v=7.0" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="/_catalogs/masterpage/Assets/scripts/hc-functions.js?v=8.0" type="text/javascript"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/_layouts/15/AAP.HealthyChildren/js/jquery.fontScaler.js?v=7.0"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/_layouts/15/AAP.HealthyChildren/js/jquery.tools.js?v=7.0"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/_layouts/15/AAP.HealthyChildren/js/jquery.simplemodal.js?v=7.0"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/_layouts/15/AAP.HealthyChildren/js/site.js?v=08152024"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/_layouts/15/AAP.HealthyChildren/js/AAP.Core.js?v=7.0"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/_layouts/15/AAP.HealthyChildren/js/jquery.rotator.min.js?v=7.0"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/_layouts/15/AAP.HealthyChildren/js/navSuppress.js?v=7.0"></script>  <script type="text/javascript" src="/_layouts/15/AAP.HealthyChildren/js/AAP.Redesign.main.js"></script>  <script type="text/javascript"> function ProcessImn() { } </script>   <noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-5FJ8N24" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript>   <script> gtag('event', 'conversion', {'send_to': 'AW-625583326/5DA0CNyyl5IDEN7JpqoC'}); </script>  <script type="text/javascript"> //BEGIN - Take care of verticle scorlling issue $(window).resize(function () { setWorkspaceSize(); }); $(document).ready(function () { setWorkspaceSize(); }); function setWorkspaceSize() { $("#s4-workspace").width($(window).width()); $("#s4-workspace").height($(window).height()); } //END - Take care of verticle scorlling issue </script> <script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(document).ready(function ($) { $(".half-nav-btn a").hover(function () { $(this).next().addClass("hover"); }, function () { $(this).next().removeClass("hover"); }); $(".control2").click(function () { $('.target').attr("disabled", "disabled"); $('.target').parent().css("color", "#d7bea4"); }); $(".control").click(function () { $('.target').removeAttr("disabled"); $('.target').parent().css("color", "#743a14"); }); $('#container').click(function (evt) { var node = evt.target; if (node.nodeName === "INPUT") { var isChecked = node.checked; (isChecked) ? isChecked = false : isChecked = true; } }); }); </script> </body> </html>