CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Pakistan–Vietnam relations - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"673266d3-5819-4981-a79c-817decbc1718","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Pakistan–Vietnam_relations","wgTitle":"Pakistan–Vietnam relations","wgCurRevisionId":1215676104,"wgRevisionId":1215676104,"wgArticleId":20959055,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Webarchive template wayback links","Articles with short description","Short description is different from Wikidata","All articles with unsourced statements","Articles with unsourced statements from July 2017","Bilateral relations of Pakistan","Bilateral relations of Vietnam"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Pakistan–Vietnam_relations","wgRelevantArticleId":20959055, "wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":10000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q7125994","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true, "wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups", "ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.quicksurveys.init","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.5"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Pakistan_Vietnam_Locator.svg/1200px-Pakistan_Vietnam_Locator.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="530"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Pakistan_Vietnam_Locator.svg/800px-Pakistan_Vietnam_Locator.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="353"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Pakistan_Vietnam_Locator.svg/640px-Pakistan_Vietnam_Locator.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="283"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Pakistan–Vietnam relations - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Pakistan%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Pakistan–Vietnam_relations rootpage-Pakistan–Vietnam_relations skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Pakistan%E2%80%93Vietnam+relations" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Pakistan%E2%80%93Vietnam+relations" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Pakistan%E2%80%93Vietnam+relations" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Pakistan%E2%80%93Vietnam+relations" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Trade_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Trade_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Trade links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Trade_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Political_cooperation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Political_cooperation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Political cooperation</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Political_cooperation-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Political cooperation subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Political_cooperation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Pakistan's_counter_to_Indian_influence_in_Vietnam" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pakistan's_counter_to_Indian_influence_in_Vietnam"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Pakistan's counter to Indian influence in Vietnam</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pakistan's_counter_to_Indian_influence_in_Vietnam-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pakistanis_in_Vietnam" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pakistanis_in_Vietnam"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Pakistanis in Vietnam</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pakistanis_in_Vietnam-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vietnamese_in_Pakistan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vietnamese_in_Pakistan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Vietnamese in Pakistan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vietnamese_in_Pakistan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Pakistan–Vietnam relations</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 4 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-4" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">4 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%83%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="العلاقات الباكستانية الفيتنامية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="العلاقات الباكستانية الفيتنامية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%99%D7%97%D7%A1%D7%99_%D7%95%D7%99%D7%99%D7%98%D7%A0%D7%90%D7%9D%E2%80%93%D7%A4%D7%A7%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%9F" title="יחסי וייטנאם–פקיסטן – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="יחסי וייטנאם–פקיסטן" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rela%C3%A7%C3%B5es_entre_Paquist%C3%A3o_e_Vietn%C3%A3" title="Relações entre Paquistão e Vietnã – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Relações entre Paquistão e Vietnã" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quan_h%E1%BB%87_Pakistan_%E2%80%93_Vi%E1%BB%87t_Nam" title="Quan hệ Pakistan – Việt Nam – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Quan hệ Pakistan – Việt Nam" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q7125994#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Pakistan%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pakistan%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pakistan%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pakistan%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pakistan%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Pakistan%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Pakistan%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pakistan%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations&oldid=1215676104" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pakistan%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Pakistan%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations&id=1215676104&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FPakistan%25E2%2580%2593Vietnam_relations"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FPakistan%25E2%2580%2593Vietnam_relations"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Pakistan%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pakistan%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q7125994" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Bilateral relations</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox" style="border-collapse:collapse;"><caption class="infobox-title">Pakistani-Vietnamese relations</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pakistan_Vietnam_Locator.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Map indicating locations of Pakistan and Vietnam"><img alt="Map indicating locations of Pakistan and Vietnam" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Pakistan_Vietnam_Locator.svg/250px-Pakistan_Vietnam_Locator.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Pakistan_Vietnam_Locator.svg/375px-Pakistan_Vietnam_Locator.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Pakistan_Vietnam_Locator.svg/500px-Pakistan_Vietnam_Locator.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="940" data-file-height="415" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:lightgrey"></th></tr><tr style="height:0.6em"> <td style="background:#339933;"></td> <td style="background:#E08020;"></td> </tr><tr> <th scope="col" style="width:50%; text-align:center"><span class="mw-default-size mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/68px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/90px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a></th> <th scope="col" style="width:50%; text-align:center; border-left:thin solid lightgrey;"><span class="mw-default-size mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/45px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/68px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/90px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a></th> </tr><tr style="display:none"><th colspan="2"> </th></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Pakistan-Vietnam relations</b>, or <b>Pakistani-Vietnamese relations</b>, refers to the bilateral relationship between the <a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Socialist Republic of Vietnam</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Islamic Republic of Pakistan</a>. The relationship is largely based on mutual trade and international political cooperation between the two countries. Pakistan is represented in Vietnam by its <a href="/wiki/Diplomatic_mission" title="Diplomatic mission">embassy</a> in <a href="/wiki/Hanoi" title="Hanoi">Hanoi</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Vietnam also maintains an embassy in <a href="/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad">Islamabad</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the <a href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</a>, Pakistan (a <a href="/wiki/Non-Aligned_Movement" title="Non-Aligned Movement">non-aligned nation</a> at the official level) maintained close ties with the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>-led <a href="/wiki/Western_Bloc" title="Western Bloc">Western Bloc</a> to counter rival <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>'s allegiance with the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> and <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Bloc" title="Eastern Bloc">Eastern Bloc</a>. Throughout the 1960s and 1970s, the United States was involved in the <a href="/wiki/Vietnam_War" title="Vietnam War">Vietnam War</a> against Soviet-backed <a href="/wiki/North_Vietnam" title="North Vietnam">North Vietnam</a> (which emerged the victor of the war and its government superseded that of <a href="/wiki/South_Vietnam" title="South Vietnam">South Vietnam</a>) while in the same time period, Pakistan had engaged in two major wars with neighbouring India in <a href="/wiki/Indo-Pakistani_War_of_1965" class="mw-redirect" title="Indo-Pakistani War of 1965">1965</a> and <a href="/wiki/Indo-Pakistani_War_of_1971" class="mw-redirect" title="Indo-Pakistani War of 1971">1971</a>, the latter of which resulted in a devastating defeat for Pakistan and saw the emergence of an independent <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a>. Due to the fact that Pakistan was an ally with the United States and had begun to <a href="/wiki/Operation_Cyclone" title="Operation Cyclone">indirectly wage war against the Soviets</a> in <a href="/wiki/Soviet%E2%80%93Afghan_War" title="Soviet–Afghan War">Afghanistan</a> with heavy U.S.−backing, relations became strained between the two, with Pakistan closing its diplomatic mission in Vietnam in 1980 and Vietnam doing the same in 1984. However, relations greatly improved in the 2000s, and Pakistan reopened its embassy in Hanoi in October 2000. Vietnam also reopened its embassy in Islamabad and trade office in <a href="/wiki/Karachi" title="Karachi">Karachi</a> in December and November 2005, respectively.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Relations between the two countries have continued to remain friendly, with Vietnam expressing an interest in increased economic and military cooperation with Pakistan.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The heads of both nations have in recent times paid official visits to each other, with <a href="/wiki/President_of_Pakistan" title="President of Pakistan">Pakistani President</a> <a href="/wiki/Pervez_Musharraf" title="Pervez Musharraf">Pervez Musharraf</a> visiting Vietnam in May 2001 and <a href="/wiki/President_of_Vietnam" title="President of Vietnam">Vietnamese President</a> <a href="/wiki/Tr%E1%BA%A7n_%C4%90%E1%BB%A9c_L%C6%B0%C6%A1ng" title="Trần Đức Lương">Trần Đức Lương</a> also paying an official visit to Pakistan in March 2004.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Throughout the following decade, several visits were made by various Vietnamese and Pakistani ministries to each other. A major part of Pakistan's pursuit to enhance its relationship with Vietnam is outlined in Pakistan's "Vision East Asia" strategy.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The emergence of such a strategy came as a result of Pakistan's desire to balance its relations with Vietnam and other <a href="/wiki/East_Asia" title="East Asia">East Asian</a> / <a href="/wiki/Southeast_Asia" title="Southeast Asia">Southeast Asian</a> states by making an effort to circumvent Pakistan's <a href="/wiki/China%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="China–Pakistan relations">close relationship</a> with <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> and <a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="India–Vietnam relations">Vietnam's growing relationship with India</a>—the former being a cause of concern for Vietnam due to its <a href="/wiki/China%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="China–Vietnam relations">tense relationship</a> with China and the latter being a cause of concern for Pakistan due to its <a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="India–Pakistan relations">rivalry</a> and <a href="/wiki/Indo-Pakistani_wars_and_conflicts" title="Indo-Pakistani wars and conflicts">history of armed conflict</a> with India. </p><p>Vietnam provided US$50,000 worth of aid to Pakistan during the catastrophic <a href="/wiki/2010_Pakistan_floods" title="2010 Pakistan floods">2010 floods</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Trade_links">Trade links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pakistan%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Trade links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In early 1998, Vietnam sent a group of businessmen to Pakistan, which had a meeting with the Ministry of Commerce of Pakistan and visited various factories and companies to study the economic environment and opportunities to do business with Pakistani companies.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Trade between the two countries increased from US$10 million in 1999 to US$150 million in 2008.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a> is <a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a>'s largest tea importer.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Vietnam's imports from Pakistan consist of cotton, leather and pharmaceutical products. Potential for imports from Pakistan include motorcycles, surgical instruments and investment in coal mining and aquaculture.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Vietnam has also purchased military equipment and armaments from Pakistan, causing tensions in its relationship with India.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Meanwhile, Vietnam has the potential to export raw rubber and various rubber products and machinery to Pakistan.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2017)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In 2021, Pakistani-Vietnamese trade reached an all-time high of over $794 million, a boost of 54.41% from 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Political_cooperation">Political cooperation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pakistan%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Political cooperation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In May 2001 General <a href="/wiki/Pervez_Musharraf" title="Pervez Musharraf">Pervez Musharraf</a>, paid an official visit to Vietnam. In March 2004, President <a href="/wiki/Tr%E1%BA%A7n_%C4%90%E1%BB%A9c_L%C6%B0%C6%A1ng" title="Trần Đức Lương">Trần Đức Lương</a>, at the invitation of President Pervez Musharraf, also visited Pakistan.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pakistan considers Vietnam an important diplomatic partner, because of Vietnam full membership of <a href="/wiki/ASEAN" title="ASEAN">ASEAN</a>, and Vietnam support of Pakistan's bid to be a full dialogue partner of ASEAN.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Therefore, under the Pakistan "East Asia Vision Strategy" foreign policy, Vietnam has the potential to promote Pakistan's mutual interests in ASEAN, whereas Pakistan supports Vietnam bid for non-permanent membership of the United Nations Security Council.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Vietnam's support for Pakistan in 2011 for EU duty waiver for its textile products has also been seen as very critical by Pakistani diplomats.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pakistan's_counter_to_Indian_influence_in_Vietnam"><span id="Pakistan.27s_counter_to_Indian_influence_in_Vietnam"></span>Pakistan's counter to Indian influence in Vietnam</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pakistan%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Pakistan's counter to Indian influence in Vietnam"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Pakistan has been seriously following Vietnamese diplomacy and has a sense of wary over the development of <a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="India–Vietnam relations">strong ties</a> between <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> and Vietnam, consequently having the potential of deteriorating relations between Pakistan and Vietnam. This is due to the fact that Pakistan is a <a href="/wiki/China%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="China–Pakistan relations">long-time close ally</a> of China, the latter of which has <a href="/wiki/China%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="China–Vietnam relations">tense relations</a> with Vietnam. Developments in Vietnam's relations with <a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="India–Pakistan relations">Pakistan's rival India</a> would prove to be a major problem for Pakistan. To circumvent this, Pakistan's "East Asia Vision Strategy" was projected in order to balance Pakistani-Vietnamese relations.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pakistanis_in_Vietnam">Pakistanis in Vietnam</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pakistan%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Pakistanis in Vietnam"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Areas with a significant population of <a href="/wiki/Pakistanis" title="Pakistanis">Pakistanis</a> in <a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a> include the cities of <a href="/wiki/Hanoi" title="Hanoi">Hanoi</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ho_Chi_Minh_City" title="Ho Chi Minh City">Ho Chi Minh City</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vietnamese_in_Pakistan">Vietnamese in Pakistan</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pakistan%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Vietnamese in Pakistan"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Many factors contribute to the limited presence of Vietnamese communities and culture within <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a>, most notably the latter's <a href="/wiki/China%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="China–Pakistan relations">close relationship</a> with <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a>. Due to the absence of a strong historical connection and no close relations between the two countries (as well as the geographical distance between them), there continues to be a lack of interaction between the <a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_people" title="Vietnamese people">Vietnamese</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pakistanis" title="Pakistanis">Pakistani people</a> (not taking into account the <a href="/wiki/Diaspora" title="Diaspora">diasporas</a> of both communities that are present in countries such as the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> and <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a>). Despite this, it is not uncommon for the two communities to cross paths as Pakistan regularly hosts a respectable amount of Vietnamese tourists and small communities of Vietnamese people and <a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_cuisine" title="Vietnamese cuisine">cuisine</a> can be found in <a href="/wiki/Karachi" title="Karachi">Karachi</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pakistan%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mofa.gov.pk/vietnam/">Embassy of Pakistan in Vietnam</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vietnamembassy-pakistan.org">Vietnam Embassy in Pakistan</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mofa.gov.vn/en/cn_vakv/ca_tbd/nr040819104054/ns050131110248#egvckKETVbA2">"Pakistan - Vietnam Relations"</a>. <i>www.mofa.gov.vn</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.mofa.gov.vn&rft.atitle=Pakistan+-+Vietnam+Relations&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mofa.gov.vn%2Fen%2Fcn_vakv%2Fca_tbd%2Fnr040819104054%2Fns050131110248%23egvckKETVbA2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APakistan%E2%80%93Vietnam+relations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nation.com.pk/31-Jan-2018/vietnam-wants-enhanced-trade-and-economic-relations-with-pakistan">"Vietnam wants enhanced trade and economic relations with Pakistan"</a>. <i>The Nation</i>. 2018-01-31<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Nation&rft.atitle=Vietnam+wants+enhanced+trade+and+economic+relations+with+Pakistan&rft.date=2018-01-31&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnation.com.pk%2F31-Jan-2018%2Fvietnam-wants-enhanced-trade-and-economic-relations-with-pakistan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APakistan%E2%80%93Vietnam+relations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAn" class="citation web cs1">An, Bộ Công. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://en.bocongan.gov.vn/tintuc/Pages/international-relations-cooperation.aspx?ItemID=4367">"Vietnam, Pakistan beef up cooperation on security"</a>. <i>en.bocongan.gov.vn</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=en.bocongan.gov.vn&rft.atitle=Vietnam%2C+Pakistan+beef+up+cooperation+on+security&rft.aulast=An&rft.aufirst=B%E1%BB%99+C%C3%B4ng&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fen.bocongan.gov.vn%2Ftintuc%2FPages%2Finternational-relations-cooperation.aspx%3FItemID%3D4367&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APakistan%E2%80%93Vietnam+relations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mofa.gov.vn/en/cn_vakv/ca_tbd/nr040819104054/ns050131110248#egvckKETVbA2">"Vietnam-Pakistan Relations"</a>. <i>www.mofa.gov.vn</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.mofa.gov.vn&rft.atitle=Vietnam-Pakistan+Relations&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mofa.gov.vn%2Fen%2Fcn_vakv%2Fca_tbd%2Fnr040819104054%2Fns050131110248%23egvckKETVbA2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APakistan%E2%80%93Vietnam+relations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.files.ethz.ch/isn/23828/4.pdf">"Pakistan's "Vision East Asia" Strategy"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 May</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Pakistan%27s+%22Vision+East+Asia%22+Strategy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.files.ethz.ch%2Fisn%2F23828%2F4.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APakistan%E2%80%93Vietnam+relations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKhan2018" class="citation web cs1">Khan, Muhammad Nawaz (2018-06-16). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://regionalrapport.com/asean-pakistans-vision-east-asia/">"ASEAN: Pakistan's Vision East Asia"</a>. <i>Regional Rapport</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Regional+Rapport&rft.atitle=ASEAN%3A+Pakistan%27s+Vision+East+Asia&rft.date=2018-06-16&rft.aulast=Khan&rft.aufirst=Muhammad+Nawaz&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fregionalrapport.com%2Fasean-pakistans-vision-east-asia%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APakistan%E2%80%93Vietnam+relations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ipripak.org/guest-lecture-pakistans-vision-east-asia-challenges-and-opportunities/">"Guest Lecture – Pakistan's Vision East Asia: Challenges and Opportunities : Islamabad Policy Research Institute"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Guest+Lecture+%E2%80%93+Pakistan%27s+Vision+East+Asia%3A+Challenges+and+Opportunities+%3A+Islamabad+Policy+Research+Institute&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fipripak.org%2Fguest-lecture-pakistans-vision-east-asia-challenges-and-opportunities%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APakistan%E2%80%93Vietnam+relations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://english.vovnews.vn/Home/Vietnam-assists-Pakistans-flood-victims/20108/118766.vov">Vietnam assists Pakistan’s flood victims</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101024015734/http://english.vovnews.vn/Home/Vietnam-assists-Pakistans-flood-victims/20108/118766.vov">Archived</a> 2010-10-24 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mofa.gov.vn/en/cn_vakv/ca_tbd/nr040819104054/ns050131110248/view">"Vietnam – Pakistan Relations"</a>. <i>Vietnam Ministry of Foreign Affairs</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Vietnam+Ministry+of+Foreign+Affairs&rft.atitle=Vietnam+%E2%80%93+Pakistan+Relations&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mofa.gov.vn%2Fen%2Fcn_vakv%2Fca_tbd%2Fnr040819104054%2Fns050131110248%2Fview&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APakistan%E2%80%93Vietnam+relations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101030142019/http://news.dawn.com/wps/wcm/connect/dawn-content-library/dawn/the-newspaper/business/pakistan%2C-vietnam-to-review-progress-on-trade-260">"Pakistan, Vietnam to review progress on trade"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.dawn.com/wps/wcm/connect/dawn-content-library/dawn/the-newspaper/business/pakistan,-vietnam-to-review-progress-on-trade-260">the original</a> on 2010-10-30<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-12-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Pakistan%2C+Vietnam+to+review+progress+on+trade.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.dawn.com%2Fwps%2Fwcm%2Fconnect%2Fdawn-content-library%2Fdawn%2Fthe-newspaper%2Fbusiness%2Fpakistan%2C-vietnam-to-review-progress-on-trade-260&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APakistan%E2%80%93Vietnam+relations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://english.vovnews.vn/Home/Technology-needed-for-VN-tea-aroma-to-spread/201012/122706.vov">Technology needed for VN tea aroma to spread</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101229062116/http://english.vovnews.vn/Home/Technology-needed-for-VN-tea-aroma-to-spread/201012/122706.vov">Archived</a> 2010-12-29 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://vietnambusiness.asia/pakistan-calls-for-more-investment-from-vietnam/">Pakistan calls for more investment from Vietnam</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100720042519/http://vietnambusiness.asia/pakistan-calls-for-more-investment-from-vietnam/">Archived</a> 2010-07-20 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.icci.com.pk/event/detail/294">Vietnam Keen to Enhance Trade with Pakistan - Nguyen Quang Thuc</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hindustantimes.com/world/despite-india-s-protests-vietnam-buys-arms-from-pakistan/story-YxuX3ZLUTzkwxPn9wDUOEP.html">"Despite India's protests, Vietnam buys arms from Pakistan"</a>. <i>Rahul Bedi</i>. Hindustan Times. 17 August 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Rahul+Bedi&rft.atitle=Despite+India%27s+protests%2C+Vietnam+buys+arms+from+Pakistan&rft.date=2007-08-17&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hindustantimes.com%2Fworld%2Fdespite-india-s-protests-vietnam-buys-arms-from-pakistan%2Fstory-YxuX3ZLUTzkwxPn9wDUOEP.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APakistan%E2%80%93Vietnam+relations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOmer2023" class="citation web cs1">Omer, Shahab (2023-03-14). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://profit.pakistantoday.com.pk/2023/03/14/vietnam-urges-better-trade-relations-with-pakistan/">"Vietnam urges better trade relations with Pakistan"</a>. <i>Profit by Pakistan Today</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-12-23</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Profit+by+Pakistan+Today&rft.atitle=Vietnam+urges+better+trade+relations+with+Pakistan&rft.date=2023-03-14&rft.aulast=Omer&rft.aufirst=Shahab&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fprofit.pakistantoday.com.pk%2F2023%2F03%2F14%2Fvietnam-urges-better-trade-relations-with-pakistan%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APakistan%E2%80%93Vietnam+relations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://en.vcci.com.vn/strengthening-vietnam-pakistan-bilateral-trade-ties">"Strengthening Vietnam-Pakistan Bilateral Trade Ties"</a>. <i>en.vcci.com.vn</i>. 2023-04-17<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-12-23</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=en.vcci.com.vn&rft.atitle=Strengthening+Vietnam-Pakistan+Bilateral+Trade+Ties&rft.date=2023-04-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fen.vcci.com.vn%2Fstrengthening-vietnam-pakistan-bilateral-trade-ties&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APakistan%E2%80%93Vietnam+relations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://oec.world/en">"Vietnam (VNM) and Pakistan (PAK) Trade"</a>. <i>The Observatory of Economic Complexity</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-12-23</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Observatory+of+Economic+Complexity&rft.atitle=Vietnam+%28VNM%29+and+Pakistan+%28PAK%29+Trade&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Foec.world%2Fen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APakistan%E2%80%93Vietnam+relations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mofa.gov.vn/en/cn_vakv/ca_tbd/nr040819104054/ns050131110248#egvckKETVbA2">Viet Nam – Pakistan Relations</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://english.vovnews.vn/Home/Vietnam-enhances-economic-ties-with-Pakistan-Bangladesh/200911/109759.vov">Vietnam enhances economic ties with Pakistan, Bangladesh</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091116144541/http://english.vovnews.vn/Home/Vietnam-enhances-economic-ties-with-Pakistan-Bangladesh/200911/109759.vov">Archived</a> 2009-11-16 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120707195544/http://english.vovnews.vn/Home/Vietnam--one-of-the-important-elements-of-Pakistan-East-Asia-Vision-Strategy-policy/20063/36692.vov">Vietnam - one of the important elements of Pakistan “East Asia Vision Strategy” policy</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120917000915/http://af.reuters.com/article/energyOilNews/idAFLDE74P14L20110526">Pakistan edges closer to EU duty waiver -diplomat, Reters, 26 May 2011</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thediplomat.com/tag/vision-east-asia/">"Vision East Asia – The Diplomat"</a>. <i>thediplomat.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=thediplomat.com&rft.atitle=Vision+East+Asia+%E2%80%93+The+Diplomat&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthediplomat.com%2Ftag%2Fvision-east-asia%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APakistan%E2%80%93Vietnam+relations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Pakistan&#124;link=Pakistan_Foreign_relations_of_Pakistan" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Foreign_relations_of_Pakistan" title="Template:Foreign relations of Pakistan"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Foreign_relations_of_Pakistan" title="Template talk:Foreign relations of Pakistan"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Foreign_relations_of_Pakistan" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Foreign relations of Pakistan"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Pakistan&#124;link=Pakistan_Foreign_relations_of_Pakistan" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan"><img alt="Pakistan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Pakistan" title="Foreign relations of Pakistan">Foreign relations of Pakistan</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Bilateral_relations" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Bilateralism" title="Bilateralism">Bilateral</a> relations</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Algeria%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Algeria–Pakistan relations">Algeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Egypt–Pakistan relations">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenya%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Kenya–Pakistan relations">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libya%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Libya–Pakistan relations">Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauritius%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Mauritius–Pakistan relations">Mauritius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morocco%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Morocco–Pakistan relations">Morocco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nigeria%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Nigeria–Pakistan relations">Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93Somalia_relations" title="Pakistan–Somalia relations">Somalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93South_Africa_relations" title="Pakistan–South Africa relations">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93Sudan_relations" title="Pakistan–Sudan relations">Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93Tunisia_relations" title="Pakistan–Tunisia relations">Tunisia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93Zimbabwe_relations" title="Pakistan–Zimbabwe relations">Zimbabwe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Americas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Argentina%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Argentina–Pakistan relations">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazil%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Brazil–Pakistan relations">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Canada–Pakistan relations">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chile%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Chile–Pakistan relations">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuba%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Cuba–Pakistan relations">Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Mexico–Pakistan relations">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Pakistan–United States relations">United States</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93United_States_military_relations" title="Pakistan–United States military relations">military</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afghanistan%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Afghanistan–Pakistan relations">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenia%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Armenia–Pakistan relations">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Azerbaijan–Pakistan relations">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahrain%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Bahrain–Pakistan relations">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Bangladesh–Pakistan relations">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhutan%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Bhutan–Pakistan relations">Bhutan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brunei%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Brunei–Pakistan relations">Brunei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cambodia%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Cambodia–Pakistan relations">Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="China–Pakistan relations">China</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Hong Kong–Pakistan relations">Hong Kong</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="India–Pakistan relations">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesia%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Indonesia–Pakistan relations">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Iran–Pakistan relations">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraq%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Iraq–Pakistan relations">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Israel–Pakistan relations">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Japan–Pakistan relations">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jordan%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Jordan–Pakistan relations">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Kazakhstan–Pakistan relations">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyrgyzstan%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Kyrgyzstan–Pakistan relations">Kyrgyzstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuwait%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Kuwait–Pakistan relations">Kuwait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laos%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Laos–Pakistan relations">Laos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lebanon%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Lebanon–Pakistan relations">Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maldives%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Maldives–Pakistan relations">Maldives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysia%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Malaysia–Pakistan relations">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myanmar%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Myanmar–Pakistan relations">Myanmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nepal%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Nepal–Pakistan relations">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korea%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="North Korea–Pakistan relations">North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oman%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Oman–Pakistan relations">Oman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93Palestine_relations" title="Pakistan–Palestine relations">Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93Philippines_relations" title="Pakistan–Philippines relations">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93Qatar_relations" title="Pakistan–Qatar relations">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93Saudi_Arabia_relations" title="Pakistan–Saudi Arabia relations">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93Singapore_relations" title="Pakistan–Singapore relations">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93Sri_Lanka_relations" title="Pakistan–Sri Lanka relations">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93South_Korea_relations" title="Pakistan–South Korea relations">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93Syria_relations" title="Pakistan–Syria relations">Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93Tajikistan_relations" title="Pakistan–Tajikistan relations">Tajikistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93Thailand_relations" title="Pakistan–Thailand relations">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93Turkey_relations" title="Pakistan–Turkey relations">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93Turkmenistan_relations" title="Pakistan–Turkmenistan relations">Turkmenistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93United_Arab_Emirates_relations" title="Pakistan–United Arab Emirates relations">United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93Uzbekistan_relations" title="Pakistan–Uzbekistan relations">Uzbekistan</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93Yemen_relations" title="Pakistan–Yemen relations">Yemen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Austria%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Austria–Pakistan relations">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belarus%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Belarus–Pakistan relations">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belgium%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Belgium–Pakistan relations">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Bosnia and Herzegovina–Pakistan relations">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Czech Republic–Pakistan relations">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denmark%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Denmark–Pakistan relations">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finland%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Finland–Pakistan relations">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/France%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="France–Pakistan relations">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germany%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Germany–Pakistan relations">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greece%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Greece–Pakistan relations">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_See%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Holy See–Pakistan relations">Holy See</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungary%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Hungary–Pakistan relations">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ireland%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Ireland–Pakistan relations">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italy%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Italy–Pakistan relations">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosovo%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Kosovo–Pakistan relations">Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malta%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Malta–Pakistan relations">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Netherlands%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Netherlands–Pakistan relations">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norway%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Norway–Pakistan relations">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93Poland_relations" title="Pakistan–Poland relations">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Pakistan–Russia relations">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93Serbia_relations" title="Pakistan–Serbia relations">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93Spain_relations" title="Pakistan–Spain relations">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93Switzerland_relations" title="Pakistan–Switzerland relations">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93Ukraine_relations" title="Pakistan–Ukraine relations">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93United_Kingdom_relations" title="Pakistan–United Kingdom relations">United Kingdom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Oceania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australia%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Australia–Pakistan relations">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="New Zealand–Pakistan relations">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93Samoa_relations" title="Pakistan–Samoa relations">Samoa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/East_Germany%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="East Germany–Pakistan relations">East Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93Soviet_Union_relations" title="Pakistan–Soviet Union relations">Soviet Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93Yugoslavia_relations" title="Pakistan–Yugoslavia relations">Yugoslavia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:State_emblem_of_Pakistan.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="State emblem of Pakistan"><img alt="State emblem of Pakistan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/State_emblem_of_Pakistan.svg/45px-State_emblem_of_Pakistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="52" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/State_emblem_of_Pakistan.svg/68px-State_emblem_of_Pakistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/State_emblem_of_Pakistan.svg/90px-State_emblem_of_Pakistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="587" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Multilateral_relations" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Multilateralism" title="Multilateralism">Multilateral</a> relations</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arab%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" class="mw-redirect" title="Arab–Pakistan relations">Arab League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Pakistan–European Union relations">European Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan_and_the_United_Nations" title="Pakistan and the United Nations">United Nations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan_and_the_International_Monetary_Fund" title="Pakistan and the International Monetary Fund">International Monetary Fund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan_and_the_Organisation_of_Islamic_Cooperation" title="Pakistan and the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation">Organisation of Islamic Cooperation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93NATO_relations" title="Pakistan–NATO relations">North Atlantic Treaty Organisation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CERN" title="CERN">European Organization for Nuclear Research</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uniting_for_Consensus" title="Uniting for Consensus">Uniting for Consensus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shanghai_Cooperation_Organisation" title="Shanghai Cooperation Organisation">Shanghai Cooperation Organisation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Asian_Association_for_Regional_Cooperation" title="South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation">South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_Cooperation_Organization" title="Economic Cooperation Organization">Economic Cooperation Organization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Nations" title="Commonwealth of Nations">Commonwealth of Nations</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Diplomacy" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Diplomacy</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Diplomacy and initiatives</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Armed_Forces_deployments" title="Pakistan Armed Forces deployments">Foreign deployments of the Pakistani military</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_peacekeeping_missions_involving_Pakistan" title="United Nations peacekeeping missions involving Pakistan">UN peacekeeping missions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Armed_Forces#Foreign_military_relations" title="Pakistan Armed Forces">Foreign military assistance</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Nathiagali_Summer_College_on_Physics" title="International Nathiagali Summer College on Physics">International Nathiagali Summer College on Physics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Technical_Assistance_Programme" title="Pakistan Technical Assistance Programme">Pakistan Technical Assistance Programme</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Disputes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kashmir_conflict" title="Kashmir conflict">Kashmir dispute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Liberation_War" title="Bangladesh Liberation War">Bangladesh Liberation War</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1971_Bangladesh_genocide" class="mw-redirect" title="1971 Bangladesh genocide">genocide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1971_killing_of_Bengali_intellectuals" title="1971 killing of Bengali intellectuals">killing intellectuals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rape_during_the_Bangladesh_Liberation_War" title="Rape during the Bangladesh Liberation War">Rape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stranded_Pakistanis_in_Bangladesh" title="Stranded Pakistanis in Bangladesh">Stranded Pakistanis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sir_Creek" title="Sir Creek">Sir Creek dispute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wars_and_conflicts_between_India_and_Pakistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Wars and conflicts between India and Pakistan">Conflicts with India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Attacks_on_diplomatic_missions_of_Pakistan" title="Category:Attacks on diplomatic missions of Pakistan">Terrorist attacks on embassies of Pakistan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Pakistan)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Pakistan)">Ministry of Foreign Affairs</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Pakistan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister of Foreign Affairs (Pakistan)">Minister of Foreign Affairs</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_of_Pakistan" title="List of diplomatic missions of Pakistan">Diplomatic missions of Pakistan</a>/<a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_in_Pakistan" title="List of diplomatic missions in Pakistan">in Pakistan</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_in_Karachi" title="List of diplomatic missions in Karachi">in Karachi</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_aid_to_Pakistan" title="Foreign aid to Pakistan">Foreign aid to Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_trade_of_Pakistan" title="Foreign trade of Pakistan">Foreign trade of Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistani_diaspora" title="Pakistani diaspora">Pakistani diaspora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pakistani_diplomats" title="Category:Pakistani diplomats">Pakistani diplomats</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Vietnam&#124;link=Vietnam_Foreign_relations_of_Vietnam" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Foreign_relations_of_Vietnam" title="Template:Foreign relations of Vietnam"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Foreign_relations_of_Vietnam" title="Template talk:Foreign relations of Vietnam"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Foreign_relations_of_Vietnam" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Foreign relations of Vietnam"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Vietnam&#124;link=Vietnam_Foreign_relations_of_Vietnam" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam"><img alt="Vietnam" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/23px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/35px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/45px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Vietnam" title="Foreign relations of Vietnam">Foreign relations of Vietnam</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Algeria%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Algeria–Vietnam relations">Algeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angola%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Angola–Vietnam relations">Angola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenya%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Kenya–Vietnam relations">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libya%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Libya–Vietnam relations">Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madagascar%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Madagascar–Vietnam relations">Madagascar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanzania%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Tanzania–Vietnam relations">Tanzania</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="9" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Coat of arms of Vietnam"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Emblem_of_Vietnam.svg/90px-Emblem_of_Vietnam.svg.png" decoding="async" width="90" height="92" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Emblem_of_Vietnam.svg/135px-Emblem_of_Vietnam.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Emblem_of_Vietnam.svg/180px-Emblem_of_Vietnam.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="519" data-file-height="529" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Americas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canada%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Canada–Vietnam relations">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chile%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Chile–Vietnam relations">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuba%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Cuba–Vietnam relations">Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Mexico–Vietnam relations">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peru%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Peru–Vietnam relations">Peru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="United States–Vietnam relations">United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uruguay%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Uruguay–Vietnam relations">Uruguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venezuela%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Venezuela–Vietnam relations">Venezuela</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afghanistan%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Afghanistan–Vietnam relations">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Bangladesh–Vietnam relations">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brunei%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Brunei–Vietnam relations">Brunei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cambodia%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Cambodia–Vietnam relations">Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="China–Vietnam relations">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="India–Vietnam relations">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesia%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Indonesia–Vietnam relations">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Iran–Vietnam relations">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraq%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Iraq–Vietnam relations">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Israel–Vietnam relations">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Japan–Vietnam relations">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laos%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Laos–Vietnam relations">Laos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysia%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Malaysia–Vietnam relations">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongolia%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Mongolia–Vietnam relations">Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myanmar%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Myanmar–Vietnam relations">Myanmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korea%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="North Korea–Vietnam relations">North Korea</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palestine%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Palestine–Vietnam relations">Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippines%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Philippines–Vietnam relations">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qatar%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Qatar–Vietnam relations">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Saudi Arabia–Vietnam relations">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singapore%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Singapore–Vietnam relations">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Korea%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="South Korea–Vietnam relations">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwan%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Taiwan–Vietnam relations">Taiwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thailand%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Thailand–Vietnam relations">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkey%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Turkey–Vietnam relations">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="United Arab Emirates–Vietnam relations">United Arab Emirates</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Austria%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Austria–Vietnam relations">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belarus%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Belarus–Vietnam relations">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Bulgaria–Vietnam relations">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Czech Republic–Vietnam relations">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denmark%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Denmark–Vietnam relations">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finland%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Finland–Vietnam relations">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/France%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="France–Vietnam relations">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germany%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Germany–Vietnam relations">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greece%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Greece–Vietnam relations">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_See%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Holy See–Vietnam relations">Holy See</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungary%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Hungary–Vietnam relations">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italy%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Italy–Vietnam relations">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luxembourg%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Luxembourg–Vietnam relations">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poland%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Poland–Vietnam relations">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Russia–Vietnam relations">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovakia%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Slovakia–Vietnam relations">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spain%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Spain–Vietnam relations">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukraine%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Ukraine–Vietnam relations">Ukraine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Oceania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australia%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Australia–Vietnam relations">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="New Zealand–Vietnam relations">New Zealand</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vietnam%E2%80%93Yugoslavia_relations" title="Vietnam–Yugoslavia relations">Yugoslavia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Multilateral relations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vietnam%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Vietnam–European Union relations">European Union</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Memberships</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asia-Pacific_Economic_Cooperation" title="Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation">Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations" class="mw-redirect" title="Association of Southeast Asian Nations">Association of Southeast Asian Nations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Asia_Summit" title="East Asia Summit">East Asia Summit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnam_and_the_International_Monetary_Fund" title="Vietnam and the International Monetary Fund">International Monetary Fund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mekong%E2%80%93Ganga_Cooperation" title="Mekong–Ganga Cooperation">Mekong–Ganga Cooperation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organisation_internationale_de_la_Francophonie" title="Organisation internationale de la Francophonie">Organisation internationale de la Francophonie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comprehensive_and_Progressive_Agreement_for_Trans-Pacific_Partnership" title="Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership">Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Organization" title="World Trade Organization">World Trade Organization (WTO)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_of_Vietnam" title="List of diplomatic missions of Vietnam">Diplomatic missions of</a> / <a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_in_Vietnam" title="List of diplomatic missions in Vietnam">in Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bamboo_diplomacy" title="Bamboo diplomacy">Bamboo diplomacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_aid_to_Vietnam" title="Foreign aid to Vietnam">Foreign aid to Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Overseas_Vietnamese" title="Overseas Vietnamese">Overseas Vietnamese</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mofa.gov.vn/en">Vietnamese Ministry of Foreign Affairs</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pakistan–Vietnam_relations&oldid=1215676104">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pakistan–Vietnam_relations&oldid=1215676104</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Bilateral_relations_of_Pakistan" title="Category:Bilateral relations of Pakistan">Bilateral relations of Pakistan</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Bilateral_relations_of_Vietnam" title="Category:Bilateral relations of Vietnam">Bilateral relations of Vietnam</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Category:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements" title="Category:All articles with unsourced statements">All articles with unsourced statements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_July_2017" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from July 2017">Articles with unsourced statements from July 2017</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 26 March 2024, at 14:27<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pakistan%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-6dfcdd5ff5-68jhw","wgBackendResponseTime":143,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.417","walltime":"0.715","ppvisitednodes":{"value":2010,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":102275,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":1752,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":13,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":6,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":70942,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 549.665 1 -total"," 31.82% 174.896 1 Template:Reflist"," 29.95% 164.629 1 Template:Foreign_relations_of_Pakistan"," 26.50% 145.652 1 Template:Infobox_Bilateral_relations"," 25.00% 137.441 14 Template:Cite_web"," 18.70% 102.799 1 Template:Navbox_with_collapsible_groups"," 16.42% 90.280 1 Template:Short_description"," 9.89% 54.363 2 Template:Pagetype"," 7.83% 43.026 1 Template:Infobox"," 7.61% 41.820 1 Template:Citation-needed"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.243","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":6142580,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.eqiad.main-648c847f85-7k9ch","timestamp":"20241203095944","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Pakistan\u2013Vietnam relations","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pakistan%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q7125994","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q7125994","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2009-01-05T07:06:09Z","dateModified":"2024-03-26T14:27:12Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/d\/d0\/Pakistan_Vietnam_Locator.svg","headline":"diplomatic relations between the Islamic Republic of Pakistan and the Socialist Republic of Viet Nam"}</script> </body> </html>