CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="cy" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Affganistan - Wicipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )cywikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy" ,"wgMonthNames":["","Ionawr","Chwefror","Mawrth","Ebrill","Mai","Mehefin","Gorffennaf","Awst","Medi","Hydref","Tachwedd","Rhagfyr"],"wgRequestId":"b7175d23-7c64-49d4-88e0-7353d5c7d73f","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Affganistan","wgTitle":"Affganistan","wgCurRevisionId":12996323,"wgRevisionId":12996323,"wgArticleId":3172,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Tudalennau gyda meysydd deublyg yn y Nodion","CS1 errors: dates","CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown","Erthyglau sy'n defnyddio Nodyn Gwybodlen lle Wicidata","Wikipedia articles with VIAF identifiers","Wikipedia articles with LCCN identifiers","Wikipedia articles with ISNI identifiers","Wikipedia articles with GND identifiers","Wikipedia articles with SELIBR identifiers","Wikipedia articles with BNF identifiers","Wikipedia articles with NLA identifiers", "Pages using the Kartographer extension","Affganistan","Aelod-wladwriaethau'r Cenhedloedd Unedig","Gweriniaethau Islamaidd","Gwledydd Asia","Gwledydd Canolbarth Asia","Gwledydd tirgaeedig"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"cy","wgPageContentLanguage":"cy","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Affganistan","wgRelevantArticleId":3172,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":true,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"cy","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"cy"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":30000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false, "wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q889","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.kartographer.style":"ready","ext.cite.styles":"ready","ext.tmh.player.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=[ "ext.kartographer.staticframe","ext.cite.ux-enhancements","ext.tmh.player","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=cy&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.kartographer.style%7Cext.tmh.player.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=cy&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=cy&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.5"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Afghan-big.jpg/1200px-Afghan-big.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1289"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Afghan-big.jpg/800px-Afghan-big.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="859"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Afghan-big.jpg/640px-Afghan-big.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="687"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Affganistan - Wicipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//cy.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affganistan"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Golygu" href="/w/index.php?title=Affganistan&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wicipedia (cy)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//cy.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affganistan"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.cy"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Ffrwd Atom Wicipedia" href="/w/index.php?title=Arbennig:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Affganistan rootpage-Affganistan skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Neidio i'r cynnwys</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Safle"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Prif ddewislen" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Prif ddewislen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Prif ddewislen</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">symud i'r bar ochr</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">cuddio</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Panel llywio </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Hafan" title="Ymweld â'r Hafan [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Hafan</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wicipedia:Porth_y_Gymuned" title="Pethau i'w gwneud, adnoddau a thudalennau'r gymuned"><span>Porth y Gymuned</span></a></li><li id="n-cafe" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wicipedia:Y_Caffi"><span>Y Caffi</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Categori:Materion_cyfoes" title="Gwybodaeth yn gysylltiedig â materion cyfoes"><span>Materion cyfoes</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Arbennig:RecentChanges" title="Rhestr y newidiadau diweddar ar y wici. [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Newidiadau diweddar</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Arbennig:Random" title="Llwytho tudalen ar hap [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Erthygl ar hap</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wicipedia:Cymorth" title="Tudalennau cymorth"><span>Cymorth</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Hafan" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wicipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-cy.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-cy.svg" width="120" height="13" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Chwilio Wicipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Chwilio</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Chwilio Wicipedia" aria-label="Chwilio Wicipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Chwilio Wicipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Arbennig:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Chwilio</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Offer personol"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Gwedd"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Newidiwch ymddangosiad maint ffont, lled a lliw y dudalen" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Gwedd" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Gwedd</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_cy.wikipedia.org&uselang=cy" class=""><span>Rhoi</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Arbennig:CreateAccount&returnto=Affganistan" title="Rydym yn argymell eich bod yn creu cyfri ac yn menwgofnodi. Fodd bynnag, dydy hyn ddim yn orfodol" class=""><span>Creu cyfrif</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Arbennig:UserLogin&returnto=Affganistan" title="Fe'ch anogir i fewngofnodi, er nad oes rhaid gwneud. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Mewngofnodi</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Rhagor o opsiynau" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Offer personol" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Offer personol</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Dewislen defnyddiwr" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_cy.wikipedia.org&uselang=cy"><span>Rhoi</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arbennig:CreateAccount&returnto=Affganistan" title="Rydym yn argymell eich bod yn creu cyfri ac yn menwgofnodi. Fodd bynnag, dydy hyn ddim yn orfodol"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Creu cyfrif</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arbennig:UserLogin&returnto=Affganistan" title="Fe'ch anogir i fewngofnodi, er nad oes rhaid gwneud. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Mewngofnodi</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Tudalennau ar gyfer golygyddion allgofnodedig <a href="/wiki/Cymorth:Cyflwyniad" aria-label="Dysgu mwy am olygu"><span>dysgu mwy</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Arbennig:MyContributions" title="Rhestr golygiadau o'r cyfeiriad IP hwn [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Cyfraniadau</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Arbennig:MyTalk" title="Sgwrs ynglŷn â golygiadau o'r cyfeiriad IP hwn [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Sgwrs</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Safle"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Cynnwys" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Cynnwys</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">symud i'r bar ochr</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">cuddio</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Y dechrau</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Geirdarddiad" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geirdarddiad"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Geirdarddiad</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geirdarddiad-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hanes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hanes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Hanes</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Hanes-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toglo is-adran Hanes</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Hanes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Hanes_fodern" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hanes_fodern"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Hanes fodern</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hanes_fodern-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Daearyddiaeth" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Daearyddiaeth"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Daearyddiaeth</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Daearyddiaeth-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Iaith_a_Diwylliant" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Iaith_a_Diwylliant"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Iaith a Diwylliant</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Iaith_a_Diwylliant-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Israniadau" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Israniadau"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Israniadau</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Israniadau-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demograffeg" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demograffeg"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Demograffeg</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Demograffeg-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toglo is-adran Demograffeg</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Demograffeg-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ieithoedd" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ieithoedd"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Ieithoedd</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ieithoedd-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Economi</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Economi-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toglo is-adran Economi</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Economi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Mwyngloddio" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mwyngloddio"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Mwyngloddio</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mwyngloddio-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Iechyd" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Iechyd"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Iechyd</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Iechyd-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cyfeiriadauau" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cyfeiriadauau"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Cyfeiriadauau</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cyfeiriadauau-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Cynnwys" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toglo'r tabl cynnwys" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toglo'r tabl cynnwys</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Affganistan</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ewch i erthygl mewn iaith arall. Ar gael mewn 276 iaith" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-276" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">276 iaith</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D3%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D2%AD%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Афӷанисҭан - Abchaseg" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Афӷанисҭан" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="Abchaseg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan - Acehneg" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Afghanistan" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="Acehneg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ady mw-list-item"><a href="https://ady.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D0%B3%D1%8A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Афгъанистан - Circaseg Gorllewinol" lang="ady" hreflang="ady" data-title="Афгъанистан" data-language-autonym="Адыгабзэ" data-language-local-name="Circaseg Gorllewinol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгабзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan - Affricaneg" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Afghanistan" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Affricaneg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan - Almaeneg y Swistir" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Afghanistan" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Almaeneg y Swistir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8A%A0%E1%8D%8D%E1%8C%8B%E1%8A%92%E1%88%B5%E1%89%B3%E1%8A%95" title="አፍጋኒስታን - Amhareg" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="አፍጋኒስታን" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amhareg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ami mw-list-item"><a href="https://ami.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan - Amis" lang="ami" hreflang="ami" data-title="Afghanistan" data-language-autonym="Pangcah" data-language-local-name="Amis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pangcah</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afganist%C3%A1n" title="Afganistán - Aragoneg" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Afganistán" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragoneg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan - Hen Saesneg" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Afghanistan" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Hen Saesneg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="अफगानिस्तान - Angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="अफगानिस्तान" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="Angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D9%81%D8%BA%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="أفغانستان - Arabeg" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="أفغانستان" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%90%DC%A6%DC%93%DC%90%DC%A2%DC%A3%DC%9B%DC%90%DC%A2" title="ܐܦܓܐܢܣܛܐܢ - Aramaeg" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܐܦܓܐܢܣܛܐܢ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="Aramaeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D9%81%D8%BA%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="أفغانستان - Arabeg Moroco" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="أفغانستان" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Arabeg Moroco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%BA%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="افغانستان - Arabeg yr Aifft" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="افغانستان" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Arabeg yr Aifft" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%AB%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="আফগানিস্তান - Asameg" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="আফগানিস্তান" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Asameg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afganist%C3%A1n" title="Afganistán - Astwrianeg" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Afganistán" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Astwrianeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D0%B3%D1%8A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Афгъанистан - Afareg" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Афгъанистан" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="Afareg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afgana" title="Afgana - Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Afgana" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="अफगानिस्तान - Awadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="अफगानिस्तान" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="Awadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C6%8Ffqan%C4%B1stan" title="Əfqanıstan - Aserbaijaneg" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Əfqanıstan" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Aserbaijaneg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%BA%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="افغانیستان - South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="افغانیستان" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D2%93%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Афғанстан - Bashcorteg" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Афғанстан" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashcorteg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afganistan" title="Afganistan - Balïeg" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Afganistan" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balïeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan - Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Afghanistan" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afgan%C4%97stans" title="Afganėstans - Samogiteg" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Afganėstans" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogiteg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bbc mw-list-item"><a href="https://bbc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apganistan" title="Apganistan - Batak Toba" lang="bbc" hreflang="bbc" data-title="Apganistan" data-language-autonym="Batak Toba" data-language-local-name="Batak Toba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Toba</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apganistan" title="Apganistan - Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Apganistan" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Афганістан - Belarwseg" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Афганістан" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarwseg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%9E%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Аўганістан - Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Аўганістан" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apganistan" title="Apganistan - Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Apganistan" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Афганистан - Bwlgareg" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Афганистан" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bwlgareg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%BC%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BC%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="अफ़ग़ानिस्तान - Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="अफ़ग़ानिस्तान" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afganistan" title="Afganistan - Bislama" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="Afganistan" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="Bislama" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bislama</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%AB%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="আফগানিস্তান - Bengaleg" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="আফগানিস্তান" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengaleg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A8%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A7%E0%BE%A5%E0%BD%B4%E0%BD%A0%E0%BD%B4%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BE%92%E0%BD%93%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A6%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%90%E0%BD%93%E0%BC%8D" title="ཨ་ཧྥུའུ་རྒན་སི་ཐན། - Tibeteg" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཨ་ཧྥུའུ་རྒན་སི་ཐན།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibeteg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%AB%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="আফগানিস্তান - Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="আফগানিস্তান" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="Bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan - Llydaweg" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Afghanistan" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Llydaweg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afganistan" title="Afganistan - Bosnieg" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Afganistan" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnieg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apganistan" title="Apganistan - Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Apganistan" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Mandailing</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bug mw-list-item"><a href="https://bug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%A8%95%E1%A8%84%E1%A8%81%E1%A8%8A%E1%A8%97%E1%A8%94%E1%A8%88%E1%A8%8A" title="ᨕᨄᨁᨊᨗᨔᨈᨊ - Bwginaeg" lang="bug" hreflang="bug" data-title="ᨕᨄᨁᨊᨗᨔᨈᨊ" data-language-autonym="Basa Ugi" data-language-local-name="Bwginaeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Ugi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Афганистан - Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Афганистан" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afganistan" title="Afganistan - Catalaneg" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Afganistan" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalaneg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cbk-zam mw-list-item"><a href="https://cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan - Chavacano" lang="cbk" hreflang="cbk" data-title="Afghanistan" data-language-autonym="Chavacano de Zamboanga" data-language-local-name="Chavacano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chavacano de Zamboanga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan - Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Afghanistan" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B2%D1%85%D3%80%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="ОвхӀан - Tsietsieneg" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="ОвхӀан" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Tsietsieneg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nasod_nga_Afghano" title="Nasod nga Afghano - Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Nasod nga Afghano" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ch mw-list-item"><a href="https://ch.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan - Tsiamorro" lang="ch" hreflang="ch" data-title="Afghanistan" data-language-autonym="Chamoru" data-language-local-name="Tsiamorro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chamoru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8E%A0%E1%8F%AB%E1%8E%A8%E1%8F%82%E1%8F%8D%E1%8F%96%E1%8F%82" title="ᎠᏫᎨᏂᏍᏖᏂ - Tsierocî" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᎠᏫᎨᏂᏍᏖᏂ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="Tsierocî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chy mw-list-item"><a href="https://chy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan - Cheyenne" lang="chy" hreflang="chy" data-title="Afghanistan" data-language-autonym="Tsetsêhestâhese" data-language-local-name="Cheyenne" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tsetsêhestâhese</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%DB%95%D9%81%D8%BA%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="ئەفغانستان - Cwrdeg Sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئەفغانستان" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Cwrdeg Sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan - Corseg" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Afghanistan" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Corseg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Af%C4%9Fanistan" title="Afğanistan - Tyrceg y Crimea" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Afğanistan" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Tyrceg y Crimea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afgh%C3%A1nist%C3%A1n" title="Afghánistán - Tsieceg" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Afghánistán" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tsieceg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afganist%C3%B3n" title="Afganistón - Kashubian" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Afganistón" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="Kashubian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu mw-list-item"><a href="https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8A" title="Афганистанъ - Hen Slafoneg" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Афганистанъ" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="Hen Slafoneg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Афганистан - Tshwfasheg" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Афганистан" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Tshwfasheg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="recommended article"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan - Daneg" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Afghanistan" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Daneg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="erthygl dda"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan - Almaeneg" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Afghanistan" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Almaeneg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ef%C4%9Fan%C4%B1stan" title="Efğanıstan - Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Efğanıstan" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan - Sorbeg Isaf" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Afghanistan" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="Sorbeg Isaf" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dtp mw-list-item"><a href="https://dtp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan - Central Dusun" lang="dtp" hreflang="dtp" data-title="Afghanistan" data-language-autonym="Kadazandusun" data-language-local-name="Central Dusun" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kadazandusun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="अफगानिस्तान - Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="अफगानिस्तान" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>डोटेली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%87%DE%A6%DE%8A%DE%B0%DE%A3%DE%A7%DE%82%DE%A8%DE%90%DE%B0%DE%8C%DE%A7%DE%82%DE%B0" title="އަފްޣާނިސްތާން - Difehi" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="އަފްޣާނިސްތާން" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="Difehi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dz mw-list-item"><a href="https://dz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A8%E0%BD%95%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%82%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%93%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%A6%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%8F%E0%BD%B1%E0%BD%93%E0%BC%8B" title="ཨཕ་ག་ནིསི་ཏཱན་ - Dzongkha" lang="dz" hreflang="dz" data-title="ཨཕ་ག་ནིསི་ཏཱན་" data-language-autonym="ཇོང་ཁ" data-language-local-name="Dzongkha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ཇོང་ཁ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CF%86%CE%B3%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%84%CE%AC%CE%BD" title="Αφγανιστάν - Groeg" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αφγανιστάν" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Groeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan - Saesneg" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Afghanistan" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Saesneg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afganio" title="Afganio - Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Afganio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afganist%C3%A1n" title="Afganistán - Sbaeneg" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Afganistán" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Sbaeneg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afganistan" title="Afganistan - Estoneg" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Afganistan" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estoneg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afganistan" title="Afganistan - Basgeg" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Afganistan" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basgeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afganist%C3%A1n" title="Afganistán - Extremadureg" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Afganistán" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremadureg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%BA%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="افغانستان - Perseg" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="افغانستان" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Perseg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ff mw-list-item"><a href="https://ff.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afganistaan" title="Afganistaan - Ffwla" lang="ff" hreflang="ff" data-title="Afganistaan" data-language-autonym="Fulfulde" data-language-local-name="Ffwla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fulfulde</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="recommended article"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afganistan" title="Afganistan - Ffinneg" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Afganistan" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Ffinneg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afganistan" title="Afganistan - Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Afganistan" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan - Ffaröeg" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Afghanistan" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Ffaröeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan - Ffrangeg" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Afghanistan" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Ffrangeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afganistan" title="Afganistan - Arpitaneg" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Afganistan" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitaneg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghaanistaan" title="Afghaanistaan - Ffriseg Gogleddol" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Afghaanistaan" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Ffriseg Gogleddol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan - Ffriwleg" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Afghanistan" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="Ffriwleg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afganistan" title="Afganistan - Ffriseg y Gorllewin" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Afganistan" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Ffriseg y Gorllewin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Afganast%C3%A1in" title="An Afganastáin - Gwyddeleg" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="An Afganastáin" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Gwyddeleg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afganistan" title="Afganistan - Gagauz" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="Afganistan" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="Gagauz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagauz</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afganistan" title="Afganistan - Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Afganistan" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afganastan" title="Afganastan - Gaeleg yr Alban" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Afganastan" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Gaeleg yr Alban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afganist%C3%A1n" title="Afganistán - Galisieg" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Afganistán" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galisieg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-glk mw-list-item"><a href="https://glk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D9%81%D8%BA%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="أفغانستان - Gilaki" lang="glk" hreflang="glk" data-title="أفغانستان" data-language-autonym="گیلکی" data-language-local-name="Gilaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>گیلکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahyganit%C3%A3" title="Ahyganitã - Guaraní" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Ahyganitã" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guaraní" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="अफगाणिस्तान - Goan Konkani" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="अफगाणिस्तान" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="Goan Konkani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gor mw-list-item"><a href="https://gor.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afganistan" title="Afganistan - Gorontalo" lang="gor" hreflang="gor" data-title="Afganistan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Hulontalo" data-language-local-name="Gorontalo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Hulontalo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-got mw-list-item"><a href="https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8D%86%F0%90%8C%B2%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%BD%F0%90%8C%B9%F0%90%8D%83%F0%90%8D%84%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%BD" title="𐌰𐍆𐌲𐌰𐌽𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌽 - Gotheg" lang="got" hreflang="got" data-title="𐌰𐍆𐌲𐌰𐌽𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌽" data-language-autonym="𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺" data-language-local-name="Gotheg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%85%E0%AA%AB%E0%AA%98%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A8%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%B8%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A8" title="અફઘાનિસ્તાન - Gwjarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="અફઘાનિસ્તાન" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gwjarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yn_Afghanistaan" title="Yn Afghanistaan - Manaweg" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Yn Afghanistaan" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manaweg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan - Hawsa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Afghanistan" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hawsa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan - Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Afghanistan" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CA%BBApekanikana" title="ʻApekanikana - Hawäieg" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="ʻApekanikana" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="Hawäieg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hawaiʻi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%A4%D7%92%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%9F" title="אפגניסטן - Hebraeg" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אפגניסטן" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebraeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%BC%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BC%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="अफ़ग़ानिस्तान - Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="अफ़ग़ानिस्तान" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan - Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Afghanistan" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afganistan" title="Afganistan - Croateg" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Afganistan" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croateg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan - Sorbeg Uchaf" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Afghanistan" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Sorbeg Uchaf" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afganistan" title="Afganistan - Creol Haiti" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Afganistan" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Creol Haiti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afganiszt%C3%A1n" title="Afganisztán - Hwngareg" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Afganisztán" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hwngareg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D6%86%D5%B2%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%BD%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%B6" title="Աֆղանստան - Armeneg" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Աֆղանստան" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armeneg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D6%86%D5%B2%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%AB%D5%BD%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%B6" title="Աֆղանիստան - Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Աֆղանիստան" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan - Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Afghanistan" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan - Ibaneg" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Afghanistan" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="Ibaneg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jaku Iban</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afganistan" title="Afganistan - Indoneseg" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Afganistan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indoneseg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afganistan" title="Afganistan - Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Afganistan" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan - Igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Afghanistan" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="Igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apganistan" title="Apganistan - Ilocaneg" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Apganistan" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Ilocaneg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Афганистане - Ingwsieg" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Афганистане" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="Ingwsieg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afganistan" title="Afganistan - Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Afganistan" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afganistan" title="Afganistan - Islandeg" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Afganistan" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Islandeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan - Eidaleg" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Afghanistan" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Eidaleg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%95%E3%82%AC%E3%83%8B%E3%82%B9%E3%82%BF%E3%83%B3" title="アフガニスタン - Japaneeg" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アフガニスタン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japaneeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afganistan" title="Afganistan - Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Afganistan" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/afyganisTAN" title="afyganisTAN - Lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="afyganisTAN" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="Lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan - Jafanaeg" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Afghanistan" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Jafanaeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%95%E1%83%A6%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%97%E1%83%98" title="ავღანეთი - Georgeg" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ავღანეთი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aw%C7%B5anstan" title="Awǵanstan - Cara-Calpaceg" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Awǵanstan" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Cara-Calpaceg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Af%C9%A3anistan" title="Afɣanistan - Cabileg" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Afɣanistan" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Cabileg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbd mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D0%B3%D1%8A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BD" title="Афгъанистэн - Cabardieg" lang="kbd" hreflang="kbd" data-title="Афгъанистэн" data-language-autonym="Адыгэбзэ" data-language-local-name="Cabardieg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгэбзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afganistani" title="Afganistani - Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Afganistani" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%CC%B1fganistan" title="A̱fganistan - Tyapeg" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="A̱fganistan" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="Tyapeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan - Congo" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Afghanistan" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="Congo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan - Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Afghanistan" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan - Kikuyu" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="Afghanistan" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="Kikuyu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gĩkũyũ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%83%D2%93%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Ауғанстан - Casacheg" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Ауғанстан" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Casacheg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%A2%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%A0%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9C%E1%9E%A0%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%93%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%90%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%93" title="អាហ្វហ្កានីស្ថាន - Chmereg" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="អាហ្វហ្កានីស្ថាន" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Chmereg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%85%E0%B2%AB%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%98%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A4%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A8" title="ಅಫ್ಘಾನಿಸ್ತಾನ - Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಅಫ್ಘಾನಿಸ್ತಾನ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%84%ED%94%84%EA%B0%80%EB%8B%88%EC%8A%A4%ED%83%84" title="아프가니스탄 - Coreeg" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="아프가니스탄" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Coreeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Афганистан - Karachay-Balkar" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Афганистан" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="Karachay-Balkar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%8E%D9%81%D8%BA%D9%B2%D9%86%D9%90%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="اَفغٲنِستان - Cashmireg" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="اَفغٲنِستان" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="Cashmireg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ksh mw-list-item"><a href="https://ksh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan - Cwleneg" lang="ksh" hreflang="ksh" data-title="Afghanistan" data-language-autonym="Ripoarisch" data-language-local-name="Cwleneg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ripoarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Efxanistan" title="Efxanistan - Cwrdeg" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Efxanistan" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Cwrdeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Афганистан - Comi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Афганистан" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="Comi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afganistan" title="Afganistan - Cernyweg" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Afganistan" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cernyweg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Ооганстан - Cirgiseg" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Ооганстан" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Cirgiseg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afgania" title="Afgania - Lladin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Afgania" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Lladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afganistan" title="Afganistan - Iddew-Sbaeneg" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Afganistan" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="Iddew-Sbaeneg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan - Lwcsembwrgeg" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Afghanistan" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Lwcsembwrgeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D0%B3%D1%8A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Афгъанистан - Lezgheg" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Афгъанистан" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="Lezgheg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afganistan" title="Afganistan - Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Afganistan" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan - Limbwrgeg" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Afghanistan" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limbwrgeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan - Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Afghanistan" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan - Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Afghanistan" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan - Lombardeg" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Afghanistan" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombardeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afganist%C3%A1ni" title="Afganistáni - Lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Afganistáni" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="Lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%9B%E0%BA%B0%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%97%E0%BA%94%E0%BA%AD%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%9F%E0%BA%B0%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%99%E0%BA%B4%E0%BA%94%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%B0%E0%BA%96%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%99" title="ປະເທດອາຟະການິດສະຖານ - Laoeg" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ປະເທດອາຟະການິດສະຖານ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Laoeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afganistanas" title="Afganistanas - Lithwaneg" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Afganistanas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithwaneg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afganist%C4%81na" title="Afganistāna - Latfieg" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Afganistāna" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latfieg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mad mw-list-item"><a href="https://mad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan - Madwreg" lang="mad" hreflang="mad" data-title="Afghanistan" data-language-autonym="Madhurâ" data-language-local-name="Madwreg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Madhurâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="अफगानिस्तान - Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="अफगानिस्तान" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afganistan" title="Afganistan - Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Afganistan" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Афганистан - Mocsia" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Афганистан" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Mocsia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afganist%C3%A0na" title="Afganistàna - Malagaseg" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Afganistàna" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagaseg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Афганистан - Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Афганистан" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%80whekenet%C4%81na" title="Āwhekenetāna - Māori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Āwhekenetāna" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Māori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afganistan" title="Afganistan - Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Afganistan" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Авганистан - Macedoneg" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Авганистан" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedoneg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%AB%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BB" title="അഫ്ഗാനിസ്താൻ - Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="അഫ്ഗാനിസ്താൻ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Афганистан - Mongoleg" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Афганистан" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongoleg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%91%EA%AF%90%EA%AF%92%EA%AF%A5%EA%AF%85%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%81%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A5%EA%AF%9F" title="ꯑꯐꯒꯥꯅꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯟ - Manipwri" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯑꯐꯒꯥꯅꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯟ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="Manipwri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="अफगाणिस्तान - Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="अफगाणिस्तान" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan - Maleieg" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Afghanistan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Maleieg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afganistan" title="Afganistan - Malteg" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Afganistan" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Malteg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afeganistan" title="Afeganistan - Mirandeg" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Afeganistan" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="Mirandeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%96%E1%80%82%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%94%E1%80%85%E1%80%B9%E1%80%85%E1%80%90%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%84%E1%80%B6" title="အာဖဂန်နစ္စတန်နိုင်ငံ - Byrmaneg" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="အာဖဂန်နစ္စတန်နိုင်ငံ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Byrmaneg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Афганистан Мастор - Erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Афганистан Мастор" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="Erzya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%86" title="افخانسون - Masanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="افخانسون" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Masanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan - Naplieg" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Afghanistan" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="Naplieg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan - Almaeneg Isel" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Afghanistan" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Almaeneg Isel" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan - Sacsoneg Isel" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Afghanistan" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Sacsoneg Isel" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="अफगानिस्तान - Nepaleg" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="अफगानिस्तान" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepaleg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="अफगानिस्तान - Newaeg" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="अफगानिस्तान" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newaeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan - Iseldireg" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Afghanistan" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Iseldireg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan - Norwyeg Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Afghanistan" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwyeg Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="erthygl dan sylw"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan - Norwyeg Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Afghanistan" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwyeg Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afganistan" title="Afganistan - Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Afganistan" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afganistan" title="Afganistan - Ocsitaneg" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Afganistan" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Ocsitaneg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afganistuanu" title="Afganistuanu - Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Afganistuanu" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afgaanistaan" title="Afgaanistaan - Oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Afgaanistaan" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="Oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%86%E0%AC%AB%E0%AC%97%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%A8%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%B8%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%A4%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%A8" title="ଆଫଗାନିସ୍ତାନ - Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଆଫଗାନିସ୍ତାନ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D0%B3%D1%8A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Афгъанистан - Oseteg" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Афгъанистан" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Oseteg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%AB%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A8" title="ਅਫ਼ਗ਼ਾਨਿਸਤਾਨ - Pwnjabeg" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਅਫ਼ਗ਼ਾਨਿਸਤਾਨ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Pwnjabeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pag mw-list-item"><a href="https://pag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan - Pangasineg" lang="pag" hreflang="pag" data-title="Afghanistan" data-language-autonym="Pangasinan" data-language-local-name="Pangasineg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pangasinan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afganistan" title="Afganistan - Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Afganistan" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afganistan" title="Afganistan - Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Afganistan" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan - Picardeg" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Afghanistan" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picardeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pdc mw-list-item"><a href="https://pdc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afganischtaan" title="Afganischtaan - Almaeneg Pensylfania" lang="pdc" hreflang="pdc" data-title="Afganischtaan" data-language-autonym="Deitsch" data-language-local-name="Almaeneg Pensylfania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deitsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="अफगानस्थान - Pali" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="अफगानस्थान" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="Pali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>पालि</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pih mw-list-item"><a href="https://pih.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afganistaan" title="Afganistaan - Norfuk / Pitkern" lang="pih" hreflang="pih" data-title="Afganistaan" data-language-autonym="Norfuk / Pitkern" data-language-local-name="Norfuk / Pitkern" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norfuk / Pitkern</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afganistan" title="Afganistan - Pwyleg" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Afganistan" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pwyleg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afg%C3%A0nistan" title="Afgànistan - Piedmonteg" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Afgànistan" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmonteg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%BA%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="افغانستان - Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="افغانستان" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%BA%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="افغانستان - Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="افغانستان" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afeganist%C3%A3o" title="Afeganistão - Portiwgaleg" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Afeganistão" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portiwgaleg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apqanisuyu" title="Apqanisuyu - Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Apqanisuyu" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afganistan" title="Afganistan - Románsh" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Afganistan" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="Románsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afganistan" title="Afganistan - Rwmaneg" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Afganistan" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Rwmaneg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-tara mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-tara.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan - Tarantino" lang="nap-x-tara" hreflang="nap-x-tara" data-title="Afghanistan" data-language-autonym="Tarandíne" data-language-local-name="Tarantino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tarandíne</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Афганистан - Rwseg" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Афганистан" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Rwseg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D2%91%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Афґаністан - Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Афґаністан" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afuganisitani" title="Afuganisitani - Ciniarŵandeg" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Afuganisitani" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="Ciniarŵandeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikinyarwanda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D" title="अफगानिस्थानम् - Sansgrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="अफगानिस्थानम्" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sansgrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Афганистаан - Sakha" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Афганистаан" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Sakha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%AF%E1%B1%B7%E1%B1%9C%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B1%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%9B%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B1" title="ᱟᱯᱷᱜᱟᱱᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱ - Santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱟᱯᱷᱜᱟᱱᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afganist%C3%A0n" title="Afganistàn - Sardeg" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Afganistàn" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afganist%C3%A0n" title="Afganistàn - Sisileg" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Afganistàn" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sisileg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan - Sgoteg" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Afghanistan" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Sgoteg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%BA%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="افغانستان - Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="افغانستان" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afganistan" title="Afganistan - Sami Gogleddol" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Afganistan" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Sami Gogleddol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afganistan" title="Afganistan - Serbo-Croateg" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Afganistan" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croateg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Af%C9%A3anistan" title="Afɣanistan - Tachelhit" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Afɣanistan" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="Tachelhit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%99%E1%80%AD%E1%80%B0%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%A2%E1%82%83%E1%82%87%E1%81%BE%E1%81%B5%E1%81%A2%E1%81%BC%E1%80%BA%E1%82%87%E1%81%BC%E1%80%AE%E1%82%87%E1%80%9E%E1%80%90%E1%81%A2%E1%81%BC%E1%80%BA%E1%82%87" title="မိူင်းဢႃႇၾၵၢၼ်ႇၼီႇသတၢၼ်ႇ - Shan" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="မိူင်းဢႃႇၾၵၢၼ်ႇၼီႇသတၢၼ်ႇ" data-language-autonym="ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး " data-language-local-name="Shan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး </span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%87%E0%B7%86%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%9C%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AE%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B1%E0%B6%BA" title="ඇෆ්ගනිස්ථානය - Sinhaleg" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ඇෆ්ගනිස්ථානය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhaleg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Afghanistan" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afganistan" title="Afganistan - Slofaceg" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Afganistan" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slofaceg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%BA%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="افغانستان - Saraiki" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="افغانستان" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="Saraiki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سرائیکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afganistan" title="Afganistan - Slofeneg" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Afganistan" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slofeneg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sm mw-list-item"><a href="https://sm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afakanisitana" title="Afakanisitana - Samöeg" lang="sm" hreflang="sm" data-title="Afakanisitana" data-language-autonym="Gagana Samoa" data-language-local-name="Samöeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagana Samoa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afganistan" title="Afganistan - Inari Sami" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Afganistan" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="Inari Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afughanistani" title="Afughanistani - Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Afughanistani" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afgaanistan" title="Afgaanistan - Somaleg" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Afgaanistan" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somaleg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afganistani" title="Afganistani - Albaneg" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Afganistani" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albaneg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Авганистан - Serbeg" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Авганистан" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-srn mw-list-item"><a href="https://srn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afganistan" title="Afganistan - Sranan Tongo" lang="srn" hreflang="srn" data-title="Afganistan" data-language-autonym="Sranantongo" data-language-local-name="Sranan Tongo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sranantongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ss mw-list-item"><a href="https://ss.wikipedia.org/wiki/I-Afugani" title="I-Afugani - Swati" lang="ss" hreflang="ss" data-title="I-Afugani" data-language-autonym="SiSwati" data-language-local-name="Swati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>SiSwati</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan - Ffriseg Saterland" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Afghanistan" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Ffriseg Saterland" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apganistan" title="Apganistan - Swndaneg" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Apganistan" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Swndaneg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="recommended article"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan - Swedeg" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Afghanistan" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan - Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Afghanistan" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afganistan" title="Afganistan - Silesieg" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Afganistan" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesieg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan - Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="Afghanistan" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sakizaya</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%86%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D" title="ஆப்கானித்தான் - Tamileg" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஆப்கானித்தான்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamileg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tay mw-list-item"><a href="https://tay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan - Tayal" lang="tay" hreflang="tay" data-title="Afghanistan" data-language-autonym="Tayal" data-language-local-name="Tayal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tayal</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="erthygl dan sylw"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%86%E0%B0%AB%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%98%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D" title="ఆఫ్ఘనిస్తాన్ - Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ఆఫ్ఘనిస్తాన్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tet mw-list-item"><a href="https://tet.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afeganistaun" title="Afeganistaun - Tetumeg" lang="tet" hreflang="tet" data-title="Afeganistaun" data-language-autonym="Tetun" data-language-local-name="Tetumeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tetun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D2%93%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Афғонистон - Tajiceg" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Афғонистон" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajiceg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%96%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99" title="ประเทศอัฟกานิสถาน - Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ประเทศอัฟกานิสถาน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ti mw-list-item"><a href="https://ti.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8A%A3%E1%8D%8D%E1%8C%8B%E1%8A%92%E1%88%B5%E1%89%B3%E1%8A%95" title="ኣፍጋኒስታን - Tigrinya" lang="ti" hreflang="ti" data-title="ኣፍጋኒስታን" data-language-autonym="ትግርኛ" data-language-local-name="Tigrinya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ትግርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Owganystan" title="Owganystan - Tyrcmeneg" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Owganystan" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Tyrcmeneg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apganistan" title="Apganistan - Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Apganistan" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C6%8Ff%C7%A7anistan" title="Əfǧanistan - Talysheg" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Əfǧanistan" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysheg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-to mw-list-item"><a href="https://to.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CA%BBAfik%C4%81nisitani" title="ʻAfikānisitani - Tongeg" lang="to" hreflang="to" data-title="ʻAfikānisitani" data-language-autonym="Lea faka-Tonga" data-language-local-name="Tongeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lea faka-Tonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan - Tok Pisin" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Afghanistan" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="Tok Pisin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tok Pisin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afganistan" title="Afganistan - Tyrceg" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Afganistan" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Tyrceg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-trv mw-list-item"><a href="https://trv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan - Taroko" lang="trv" hreflang="trv" data-title="Afghanistan" data-language-autonym="Seediq" data-language-local-name="Taroko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seediq</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ts mw-list-item"><a href="https://ts.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan - Tsongaeg" lang="ts" hreflang="ts" data-title="Afghanistan" data-language-autonym="Xitsonga" data-language-local-name="Tsongaeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Xitsonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D3%98%D1%84%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Әфганстан - Tatareg" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Әфганстан" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatareg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tum mw-list-item"><a href="https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan - Twmbwca" lang="tum" hreflang="tum" data-title="Afghanistan" data-language-autonym="ChiTumbuka" data-language-local-name="Twmbwca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiTumbuka</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Афганистан - Fotiaceg" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Афганистан" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="Fotiaceg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%BA%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%89%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="ئافغانىستان - Uighur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="ئافغانىستان" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uighur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Афганістан - Wcreineg" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Афганістан" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Wcreineg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="erthygl dan sylw"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%BA%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="افغانستان - Wrdw" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="افغانستان" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Wrdw" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afg%CA%BBoniston" title="Afgʻoniston - Wsbeceg" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Afgʻoniston" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Wsbeceg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afganistan" title="Afganistan - Feniseg" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Afganistan" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Feniseg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afganistan" title="Afganistan - Feps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Afganistan" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Feps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan - Fietnameg" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Afghanistan" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Fietnameg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan - Fflemeg Gorllewinol" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Afghanistan" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="Fflemeg Gorllewinol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lafganist%C3%A4n" title="Lafganistän - Folapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Lafganistän" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Folapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afganistan" title="Afganistan - Winarayeg" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Afganistan" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Winarayeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afganistaan" title="Afganistaan - Woloff" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Afganistaan" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="Woloff" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%AF%8C%E6%B1%97" title="阿富汗 - Wu Tsieineaidd" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="阿富汗" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu Tsieineaidd" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%95%E1%83%A6%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%97%E1%83%98" title="ავღანეთი - Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ავღანეთი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%A4%D7%92%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%90%D7%9F" title="אפגאניסטאן - Iddew-Almaeneg" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="אפגאניסטאן" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Iddew-Almaeneg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghan%C3%ADst%C3%A0n" title="Afghanístàn - Iorwba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Afghanístàn" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Iorwba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahfuhan" title="Ahfuhan - Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Ahfuhan" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan - Zêlandeg" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Afghanistan" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zêlandeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B4%B0%E2%B4%BC%E2%B5%96%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%8F%E2%B5%89%E2%B5%99%E2%B5%9C%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%8F" title="ⴰⴼⵖⴰⵏⵉⵙⵜⴰⵏ - Tamaseit Moroco Safonol" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⴰⴼⵖⴰⵏⵉⵙⵜⴰⵏ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="Tamaseit Moroco Safonol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%AF%8C%E6%B1%97" title="阿富汗 - Tsieinëeg" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="阿富汗" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Tsieinëeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%AF%8C%E6%B1%97" title="阿富汗 - Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="阿富汗" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan - Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Afghanistan" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%AF%8C%E6%B1%97" title="阿富汗 - Cantoneeg" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="阿富汗" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantoneeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/I-Afganistani" title="I-Afganistani - Swlw" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="I-Afganistani" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Swlw" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q889#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Golygu dolenni rhyngwici" class="wbc-editpage">Golygu dolenni</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Parthau"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Affganistan" title="Gweld y dudalen bwnc [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Erthygl</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sgwrs:Affganistan" rel="discussion" title="Sgwrsio am y dudalen [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Sgwrs</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Newid amrywiad iaith" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Cymraeg</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Golygon"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Affganistan"><span>Darllen</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Affganistan&veaction=edit" title="Golygu'r dudalen hon [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Golygu</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Affganistan&action=edit" title="Golygu cod ffynhonnell y dudalen hon [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Golygu cod</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Affganistan&action=history" title="Fersiynau cynt o'r dudalen hon. [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Gweld hanes</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Offer tudalen"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Blwch offer" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Blwch offer</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Blwch offer</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">symud i'r bar ochr</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">cuddio</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Rhagor o opsiynau" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Gweithredoedd </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Affganistan"><span>Darllen</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Affganistan&veaction=edit" title="Golygu'r dudalen hon [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Golygu</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Affganistan&action=edit" title="Golygu cod ffynhonnell y dudalen hon [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Golygu cod</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Affganistan&action=history"><span>Gweld hanes</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Cyffredinol </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Arbennig:WhatLinksHere/Affganistan" title="Rhestr o bob tudalen sy'n cysylltu â hon [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Beth sy'n cysylltu yma</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Arbennig:RecentChangesLinked/Affganistan" rel="nofollow" title="Newidiadau diweddar i dudalennau sydd yn cysylltu â hon [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Newidiadau perthnasol</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Arbennig:SpecialPages" title="Rhestr o'r holl dudalennau arbennig [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Tudalennau arbennig</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Affganistan&oldid=12996323" title="Dolen barhaol i'r fersiwn hwn y dudalen hon"><span>Dolen barhaol</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Affganistan&action=info" title="Mwy o wybodaeth am y dudalen hon"><span>Gwybodaeth am y dudalen</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arbennig:CiteThisPage&page=Affganistan&id=12996323&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Gwybodaeth ar sut i gyfeirio at y dudalen hon"><span>Cyfeirio at y dudalen hon</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arbennig:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FAffganistan"><span>Cael URL byr</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arbennig:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FAffganistan"><span>Lawrlwytho cod QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Argraffu / allforio </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arbennig:Book&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Affganistan"><span>Llunio llyfr</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arbennig:DownloadAsPdf&page=Affganistan&action=show-download-screen"><span>Lawrlwytho fel PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Affganistan&printable=yes" title="Cynhyrchwch fersiwn o'r dudalen yn barod at ei hargraffu [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Fersiwn argraffu</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Mewn prosiectau eraill </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%BA%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" hreflang="en"><span>Comin Wikimedia</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q889" title="Cysylltu i eitem ystorfa gysylltiedig [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Eitem Wicidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Offer tudalen"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Gwedd"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Gwedd</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">symud i'r bar ochr</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">cuddio</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Oddi ar Wicipedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="cy" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox" style="width:22em"><caption>Affganistan</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Delwedd:Afghan-big.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Afghan-big.jpg/280px-Afghan-big.jpg" decoding="async" width="280" height="301" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Afghan-big.jpg/420px-Afghan-big.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Afghan-big.jpg/560px-Afghan-big.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1378" data-file-height="1480" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Math</th><td>gwladwriaeth sofran, <a href="/wiki/Gwlad_dirgaeedig" title="Gwlad dirgaeedig">gwlad dirgaeedig</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gwlad" title="Gwlad">gwlad</a> <span class="penicon autoconfirmed-show"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q889?uselang=cy#P31" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><div class="center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" style="width:220px;" data-durationhint="2" data-mwtitle="Lb-Afghanistan.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8f/Lb-Afghanistan.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8f/Lb-Afghanistan.ogg/Lb-Afghanistan.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Prifddinas</th><td><a href="/wiki/Kabul" title="Kabul">Kabul</a> <span class="penicon autoconfirmed-show"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q889?uselang=cy#P36" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Poblogaeth</th><td>41,454,761 <span class="penicon autoconfirmed-show"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q889?uselang=cy#P1082" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Sefydlwyd</th><td>1709</td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Anthem</th><td>This Is the Home of the Brave <span class="penicon autoconfirmed-show"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q889?uselang=cy#P85" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Pennaeth llywodraeth</th><td>Mohammad Hasan Akhund <span class="penicon autoconfirmed-show"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q889?uselang=cy#P6" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Cylchfa amser</th><td>UTC+04:30, Asia/Kabul <span class="penicon autoconfirmed-show"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q889?uselang=cy#P421" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Iaith/Ieithoedd<br />  swyddogol</th><td><a href="/wiki/Pashto" title="Pashto">Pashto</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dari" title="Dari">Dari</a>, Balochi, Nuristani, ieithoedd Pamir, Pashayi, <a href="/wiki/Wsbeceg" title="Wsbeceg">Wsbeceg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arabeg" title="Arabeg">Arabeg</a>, Twrcmeneg <span class="penicon autoconfirmed-show"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q889?uselang=cy#P37" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background:#ddf;">Daearyddiaeth</th></tr><tr><th scope="row">Gwlad</th><td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Delwedd:Flag_of_Afghanistan_(2013%E2%80%932021).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Baner Affganistan"><img alt="Baner Affganistan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Flag_of_Afghanistan_%282013%E2%80%932021%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Afghanistan_%282013%E2%80%932021%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Flag_of_Afghanistan_%282013%E2%80%932021%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Afghanistan_%282013%E2%80%932021%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Flag_of_Afghanistan_%282013%E2%80%932021%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_Afghanistan_%282013%E2%80%932021%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Affganistan</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Arwynebedd</th><td>652,230 km² <span class="penicon autoconfirmed-show"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q889?uselang=cy#P2046" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Yn ffinio gyda</th><td><a href="/wiki/Pacistan" title="Pacistan">Pacistan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tyrcmenistan" title="Tyrcmenistan">Tyrcmenistan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wsbecistan" title="Wsbecistan">Wsbecistan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tajicistan" title="Tajicistan">Tajicistan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gweriniaeth_Pobl_Tsieina" title="Gweriniaeth Pobl Tsieina">Gweriniaeth Pobl Tsieina</a> <span class="penicon autoconfirmed-show"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q889?uselang=cy#P47" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Cyfesurynnau</th><td>33°N 66°E <span class="penicon autoconfirmed-show"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q889?uselang=cy#P625" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background:#ddf;">Gwleidyddiaeth</th></tr><tr><th scope="row">Corff gweithredol</th><td>Llywodraeth Affganistan <span class="penicon autoconfirmed-show"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q889?uselang=cy#P208" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Corff deddfwriaethol</th><td>Cynulliad Cenedlaethol Affganistan <span class="penicon autoconfirmed-show"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q889?uselang=cy#P194" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Swydd pennaeth<br />  y wladwriaeth</th><td>Amir al-Mu'minin <span class="penicon autoconfirmed-show"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q889?uselang=cy#P1906" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Pennaeth y wladwriaeth</th><td><a href="/wiki/Hibatullah_Akhundzada" title="Hibatullah Akhundzada">Hibatullah Akhundzada</a> <span class="penicon autoconfirmed-show"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q889?uselang=cy#P35" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Swydd pennaeth<br />  y Llywodraeth</th><td>Prif Weinidog Affganistan <span class="penicon autoconfirmed-show"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q889?uselang=cy#P1313" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Pennaeth y Llywodraeth</th><td>Mohammad Hasan Akhund <span class="penicon autoconfirmed-show"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q889?uselang=cy#P6" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 280px; height: 250px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="280" data-height="250" data-zoom="8" data-lat="33" data-lon="66" data-overlays="["_e27bdb69f33511d1dd5c930cd9f91da66c6b812f"]" href="/wiki/Arbennig:Map/8/33/66/cy"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,8,33,66,280x250.png?lang=cy&domain=cy.wikipedia.org&title=Affganistan&revid=12996323&groups=_e27bdb69f33511d1dd5c930cd9f91da66c6b812f" width="280" height="250" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,8,33,66,280x250@2x.png?lang=cy&domain=cy.wikipedia.org&title=Affganistan&revid=12996323&groups=_e27bdb69f33511d1dd5c930cd9f91da66c6b812f 2x" alt="Map" /></a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background:#ddf;">Ariannol</th></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Cynnyrch_mewnwladol_crynswth" title="Cynnyrch mewnwladol crynswth">Cyfanswm CMC (<i>GDP</i>)</a></th><td>$14,583 million <span class="penicon autoconfirmed-show"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q889?uselang=cy#P2131" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Arian</th><td>afghani <span class="penicon autoconfirmed-show"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q889?uselang=cy#P38" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Canran y diwaith</th><td>9 canran, 8.5 canran <span class="penicon autoconfirmed-show"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q889?uselang=cy#P1198" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Cyfartaledd plant</th><td>4.843 <span class="penicon autoconfirmed-show"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q889?uselang=cy#P4841" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Mynegai_Datblygiad_Dynol" class="mw-redirect" title="Mynegai Datblygiad Dynol">Mynegai Datblygiad Dynol</a></th><td>0.478 <span class="penicon autoconfirmed-show"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q889?uselang=cy#P1081" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><div style="text-align: center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Tudalen Comin"><img alt="Tudalen Comin" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Afghanistan" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Afghanistan">Ffeiliau perthnasol ar Comin</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><div class="metadata" style="text-align: right;">[<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q889" class="extiw" title="d:Q889">golygwch ar Wicidata</a>]</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Delwedd:CIA_map_of_Afghanistan_in_2007.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/CIA_map_of_Afghanistan_in_2007.gif/270px-CIA_map_of_Afghanistan_in_2007.gif" decoding="async" width="270" height="290" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/08/CIA_map_of_Afghanistan_in_2007.gif 1.5x" data-file-width="326" data-file-height="350" /></a><figcaption>Map Affganistan</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Gwlad_dirgae%C3%ABdig" class="mw-redirect" title="Gwlad dirgaeëdig">Gwlad dirgaeedig</a> yng <a href="/wiki/Canolbarth_Asia" title="Canolbarth Asia">Nghanolbarth Asia</a> yw <b>Gweriniaeth Islamaidd Affganistan</b> neu <b>Affganistan</b> (hefyd <i>Affganistán</i>). Mae'r wlad yn ffinio ag <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pacistan" title="Pacistan">Pacistan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tyrcmenistan" title="Tyrcmenistan">Tyrcmenistan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wsbecistan" title="Wsbecistan">Wsbecistan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tajicistan" title="Tajicistan">Tajicistan</a> a gorllewin eithaf <a href="/wiki/Tsieina" title="Tsieina">Tsieina</a>. Ei phrifddinas yw <a href="/wiki/Kabul" title="Kabul">Kabul</a>. Poblogaeth Affganistan yn y cyfrifiad diwethaf oedd 41,454,761 <span style="font-size:85%">(2023)</span><sup id="cite_ref-wikidata-67cfa038650111113885a1ed7423e05bc95d3959-v7_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wikidata-67cfa038650111113885a1ed7423e05bc95d3959-v7-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. <a href="/wiki/Arwynebedd" title="Arwynebedd">Arwynebedd</a> y wlad yw 652,000 cilomedr sgwâr (252,000 metr sgwâr), ac mae'n fynyddig gyda gwastadeddau yn y gogledd a'r de-orllewin. <a href="/wiki/Kabul" title="Kabul">Kabul</a> yw'r brifddinas a'r ddinas fwyaf. Mae'r boblogaeth yn cynnwys <a href="/wiki/Pashtun" title="Pashtun">Pashtuniaid</a> ethnig, <a href="/wiki/Tajicistan" title="Tajicistan">Tajiciaid</a>, Hazaraiaid ac <a href="/wiki/Wsbecistan" title="Wsbecistan">Wsbeciaid</a> yn bennaf. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Gweriniaeth_Islamaidd" title="Gweriniaeth Islamaidd">Gweriniaeth Islamaidd</a> arlywyddol unedol yw Affganistan. Mae gan y wlad lefelau uchel o <a href="/wiki/Terfysgaeth" title="Terfysgaeth">derfysgaeth</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tlodi" title="Tlodi">tlodi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Diffyg_maeth" title="Diffyg maeth">diffyg maeth plant</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Llygredd" title="Llygredd">llygredd</a>. Mae'n aelod o'r <a href="/wiki/Y_Cenhedloedd_Unedig" title="Y Cenhedloedd Unedig">Cenhedloedd Unedig</a>, y <a href="/wiki/Sefydliad_dros_Gydweithio_Islamaidd" class="mw-redirect" title="Sefydliad dros Gydweithio Islamaidd">Sefydliad Cydweithrediad Islamaidd</a>, Cymdeithas Cydweithrediad Rhanbarthol De Asia, y <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gr%C5%B5p_o_77&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Grŵp o 77 (dim tudalen ar gael)">Grŵp o 77</a>, y Sefydliad Cydweithrediad Economaidd, a'r <a href="/wiki/Y_Mudiad_Amhleidiol" class="mw-redirect" title="Y Mudiad Amhleidiol">Mudiad Gwledydd Heb Aliniad</a>. Economi Affganistan yw 96ain mwyaf y byd, gyda <a href="/wiki/Cynnyrch_mewnwladol_crynswth" title="Cynnyrch mewnwladol crynswth">chynnyrch domestig gcrynswth</a> (GDP) o $72.9 biliwn trwy <a href="/wiki/Paredd_gallu_prynu" title="Paredd gallu prynu">Paredd gallu prynu</a>. Mae'r wlad yn waeth o lawer o ran CMC y pen (PPP), gan ddod yn 169fed allan o 186 o wledydd yn 2018. Mewn cymhariaeth, yn 2019 Cymru oedd 31fed gwlad fwya'r byd o ran CMC y pen (PPP). </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Delwedd:Afghani_boy_carpet_vendor.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Afghani_boy_carpet_vendor.jpg/100px-Afghani_boy_carpet_vendor.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Afghani_boy_carpet_vendor.jpg/150px-Afghani_boy_carpet_vendor.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Afghani_boy_carpet_vendor.jpg/200px-Afghani_boy_carpet_vendor.jpg 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="1080" /></a><figcaption>Affgani ifanc yn gwerthu carpedi</figcaption></figure> <p>Mae'n mwynhau cysylltiadau agos gyda nifer o genhedloedd <a href="/wiki/NATO" class="mw-redirect" title="NATO">NATO</a>, yn enwedig yr <a href="/wiki/Unol_Daleithiau" class="mw-redirect" title="Unol Daleithiau">Unol Daleithiau</a>, <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a>, y <a href="/wiki/Deyrnas_Unedig" class="mw-redirect" title="Deyrnas Unedig">Deyrnas Unedig</a>, yr <a href="/wiki/Almaen" class="mw-redirect" title="Almaen">Almaen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Awstralia" title="Awstralia">Awstralia</a> a <a href="/wiki/Twrci" title="Twrci">Thwrci</a>. Yn 2012, llofnododd yr Unol Daleithiau ac Affghanistan Gytundeb Partneriaeth Strategol.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geirdarddiad">Geirdarddiad</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Affganistan&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Golygu'r adran: Geirdarddiad" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>golygu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Affganistan&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Geirdarddiad"><span>golygu cod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mae gwraidd yr enw <i>"Afghān</i>", yn ôl rhai ysgolheigion, yn deillio o enw'r <i>Aśvakan</i> neu'r <i>Assakan</i>, sef enw trigolion hynafol rhanbarth <a href="/wiki/Hindu_Kush" title="Hindu Kush">Hindwaidd Kush.</a><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ystyr <i>Aśvakan</i> yw "marchogion", "bridwyr ceffylau", neu "wŷr meirch" (o <i>aśva</i> neu <i>aspa,</i> mae'r <a href="/wiki/Sansgrit" title="Sansgrit">Sansgrit</a> a Avestan sef "<a href="/wiki/Ceffyl" title="Ceffyl">ceffyl</a>").<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Yn hanesyddol, defnyddiwyd yr ethnonym <i>Afghān</i> i gyfeirio at y <a href="/wiki/Pashtun" title="Pashtun">Pashtuniaid</a> ethnig. Ceir y cofnod cyntaf o'r ffurf <a href="/wiki/Arabeg" title="Arabeg">Arabeg</a> a Phersiaidd yr enw, Afġān, mewn llyfr daearyddiaeth o'r <a href="/wiki/10g" class="mw-redirect" title="10g">10g</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Hudud_ul-%27alam_min_al-mashriq_ila_al-maghrib" title="Hudud ul-'alam min al-mashriq ila al-maghrib">Hudud al-'Alam</a>.</i><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mae rhan olaf yr enw, "<i>-stan</i>" yn ôl-ddodiad Persiaidd ar gyfer "man" neu "lle". Felly, ystyr y gair "Affganistan" yw "gwlad yr Affghaniaid", neu "wlad y Pashtuns" mewn ystyr hanesyddol. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Hanes">Hanes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Affganistan&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Golygu'r adran: Hanes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>golygu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Affganistan&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Hanes"><span>golygu cod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div style="margin-bottom:0.01em; padding: 0.01px; text-align: left; font-size: 100%;"> <dl><dd><span class="boilerplate seealso"><i>Prif: <a href="/wiki/Hanes_Affganistan" title="Hanes Affganistan">Hanes Affganistan</a></i></span></dd></dl></div> <p>Roedd pobol yn byw yn yr hyn sydd bellach yn Affganistan o leiaf 50,000 o flynyddoedd yn ôl. Daeth bywyd sefydlog i'r amlwg yn y rhanbarth 9,000 o flynyddoedd yn ôl.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ymfudodd Indo-Aryaniaid trwy ardal Bactria-Margiana i Gandhara, a gwelwyd cynnydd diwylliant Yaz I yn yr <a href="/wiki/Oes_Haearn" class="mw-redirect" title="Oes Haearn">Oes Haearn</a> (tua 1500–1100 CC), sydd â chysylltiad agos â'r diwylliant a ddarlunnir yn yr Avesta, testunau crefyddol hynafol Zoroastrianiaeth.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Delwedd:Khost_children_in_2009.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Khost_children_in_2009.jpg/220px-Khost_children_in_2009.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="159" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Khost_children_in_2009.jpg/330px-Khost_children_in_2009.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Khost_children_in_2009.jpg/440px-Khost_children_in_2009.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3600" data-file-height="2597" /></a><figcaption>Plant yn disgwyl cymorth meddygol yn Camp Clark, Rhanbarth Khowst, 2009.</figcaption></figure> <p>Syrthiodd y rhanbarth, a elwid ar y pryd yn " Ariana", i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ymerodraeth_Achaemenid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ymerodraeth Achaemenid (dim tudalen ar gael)">Bersiaid Achaemenid</a> yn y <a href="/wiki/6_CC" title="6 CC">6g CC</a> a orchfygodd yr ardaloedd i'w dwyrain cyn belled ag <a href="/wiki/Afon_Indus" title="Afon Indus">Afon Indus</a>. <a href="/wiki/Alecsander_Fawr" title="Alecsander Fawr">Goresgynnodd Alecsander Fawr</a> y rhanbarth yn y <a href="/wiki/4g_CC" class="mw-redirect" title="4g CC">4g CC</a>, a phriodi <a href="/wiki/Roxana" title="Roxana">Roxana</a> yn <a href="/wiki/Bactria" title="Bactria">Bactria</a> ychydig cyn ei ymgyrch yn <a href="/wiki/Kabul_(talaith)" title="Kabul (talaith)">Nyffryn Kabul</a>, lle wynebodd wrthwynebiad gan lwythau Aspasioi ac Assakan. </p><p>Daeth y Deyrnas Greco-Bactrian, felly'n ben dwyreiniol y <a href="/wiki/Oes_Helenistaidd" title="Oes Helenistaidd">byd Hellenistig</a>. Yn dilyn y goncwest gan yr Indiaid <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mauryan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mauryan (dim tudalen ar gael)">Mauryan</a><a href="/wiki/Bwdhaeth" title="Bwdhaeth">, ffynnodd Bwdhaeth</a> a <a href="/wiki/Hind%C5%B5aeth" title="Hindŵaeth">Hindŵaeth</a> yn y rhanbarth am ganrifoedd. Chwaraeodd yr ymerawdwr Kanishka, a oedd o'r ymerodraeth Kushan , ac a oedd yn llywodraethu o Kapisi a Puruṣapura, ran bwysig yn lledaeniad <a href="/wiki/Mahayana" title="Mahayana">Bwdhaeth Mahayana</a> i <a href="/wiki/Tsieina" title="Tsieina">Tsieina</a> a Chanolbarth Asia. Tarddodd amryw linach Bwdhaidd eraill o'r rhanbarth hwn hefyd, gan gynnwys y Kidarites, Hephthalites, Alkhons, Nezaks, Zunbils a Turk Shahis. </p><p>Daeth Mwslimiaid ag Islam i <a href="/wiki/Herat" title="Herat">Herat</a> a Zaranj a ddaliwyd gan <a href="/wiki/Sassaniaid" title="Sassaniaid">Sassanian</a> yng nghanol y <a href="/wiki/7g" class="mw-redirect" title="7g">7g</a>, tra cyflawnwyd Islameiddio llawnach rhwng y <a href="/wiki/9fed_ganrif" title="9fed ganrif">9fed</a> a'r <a href="/wiki/12g" class="mw-redirect" title="12g">12g</a> o dan linach y Saffarid, y Samanid, yGhaznavid a'r Ghurid. Yn ddiweddarach rheolwyd rhannau o'r rhanbarth gan ymerodraethau Khwarazmian, Khalji, Timurid, Lodi, Sur, <a href="/wiki/Ymerodraeth_y_Mughal" title="Ymerodraeth y Mughal">Mughal</a> a Safavid.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Symudodd llwythi Iranaidd i'r ardal yn ystod yr ail fileniwm Cyn Crist. Mae rheolaeth ar y wlad wedi newid sawl gwaith. Am ganrifoedd roedd yn ganolbwynt <a href="/wiki/Bactria" title="Bactria">Bactria</a>, teyrnas hynafol a oedd yn ymestyn rhwng <a href="/wiki/Persia" title="Persia">Persia</a> a Chanolbarth Asia ac <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>. Am gyfnod hir bu'n rhan o ymerodraeth Persia. Goresgynnodd <a href="/wiki/Alecsander_Fawr" title="Alecsander Fawr">Alecsander Fawr</a> rannau o'r wlad ar ei daith i'r dwyrain. Am gyfnod o rai canrifoedd roedd y wlad yn ganolfan <a href="/wiki/Bwdhiaeth" class="mw-redirect" title="Bwdhiaeth">Fwdhaidd</a> bwysig. Mae adfeilion <a href="/wiki/Bamiyan" title="Bamiyan">Bamiyan</a> yn dyst i hynny, ac yn cysylltu'r wlad â diwylliant Bwdhaidd <a href="/wiki/Canolbarth_Asia" title="Canolbarth Asia">Canolbarth Asia</a> (<a href="/wiki/Gwerddon" title="Gwerddon">gwerddon</a> <a href="/wiki/Turfan" title="Turfan">Turfan</a> er enghraifft) a <a href="/wiki/Tibet" title="Tibet">Tibet</a> ar un llaw ac â dinasoedd Bwdhaidd <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gandhara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gandhara (dim tudalen ar gael)">Gandhara</a> (gogledd-orllewin <a href="/wiki/Pacistan" title="Pacistan">Pacistan</a> heddiw) ar y llaw arall. Fe orchfygodd yr <a href="/wiki/Arabiaid" title="Arabiaid">Arabiaid</a> Bersia yn y <a href="/wiki/7g" class="mw-redirect" title="7g">7g</a> a meddiasant Affganistan yn ogystal. Fe'i gorchfygwyd gan y <a href="/wiki/Mongoliaid" class="mw-redirect" title="Mongoliaid">Mongoliaid</a> yn y <a href="/wiki/13g" class="mw-redirect" title="13g">13g</a>, ac am gyfnod, dan reolwyr <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ymerodraeth_y_Ghaznafiaid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ymerodraeth y Ghaznafiaid (dim tudalen ar gael)">Ghazni</a>, roedd Affganistan ei hun yn rheoli rhan sylweddol o ogledd-orllewin <a href="/wiki/Isgyfandir_India" title="Isgyfandir India">isgyfandir India</a>. </p><p>Sefydlwyd <a href="/w/index.php?title=Emiraeth_Affganistan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Emiraeth Affganistan (dim tudalen ar gael)">Emiraeth Affganistan</a> yn <a href="/wiki/1747" title="1747">1747</a> ac yn ddiweddarach daeth dan ddylanwad <a href="/wiki/Prydain_Fawr" title="Prydain Fawr">Prydain Fawr</a>. Am ganrif a rhagor roedd Affganistan yn ddarn gwerin <a href="/wiki/Gwyddbwyll" title="Gwyddbwyll">gwyddbwyll</a> yn <a href="/wiki/Y_G%C3%AAm_Fawr" title="Y Gêm Fawr">y Gêm Fawr</a> am reolaeth yng Nghanolbarth Asia rhwng Prydain a <a href="/wiki/Rwsia" title="Rwsia">Rwsia</a>. Ar ôl cyfnod dan reolaeth bell Brydeinig enillodd y wlad radd o annibyniaeth yn <a href="/wiki/1919" title="1919">1919</a> dan yr emir <a href="/wiki/Amanullah_Khan" title="Amanullah Khan">Amanullah Khan</a> ac yn gyflawnach yn <a href="/wiki/1922" title="1922">1922</a> pan sefydlwyd <a href="/w/index.php?title=Teyrnas_Affganistan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teyrnas Affganistan (dim tudalen ar gael)">Teyrnas Affganistan</a> yn unol â <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cytundeb_Rawalpindi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cytundeb Rawalpindi (dim tudalen ar gael)">Chytundeb Rawalpindi</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hanes_fodern">Hanes fodern</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Affganistan&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Golygu'r adran: Hanes fodern" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>golygu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Affganistan&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Hanes fodern"><span>golygu cod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Dechreuodd hanes gwleidyddol yr Affganistan fodern gydag ymerodraeth <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ymerodraeth_Hotak&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ymerodraeth Hotak (dim tudalen ar gael)">Hotak</a>, pan ddatganodd ei sylfaenydd <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mirwais_Hotak&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mirwais Hotak (dim tudalen ar gael)">Mirwais Hotak</a> annibyniaeth de Affganistan ym 1709. Yn 1747, sefydlodd <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ahmad_Shah_Durrani&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ahmad Shah Durrani (dim tudalen ar gael)">Ahmad Shah Durrani</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ymerodraeth_Durrani&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ymerodraeth Durrani (dim tudalen ar gael)">Ymerodraeth Durrani</a> gyda'i phrifddinas yn Kandahar. Yn 1776, symudwyd prifddinas Durrani i Kabul tra daeth <a href="/wiki/Peshawar" title="Peshawar">Peshawar</a> yn brifddinas y gaeaf;<sup id="cite_ref-cap1_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cap1-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> collwyd Peshawar <a href="/w/index.php?title=Brwydr_Nowshera&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brwydr Nowshera (dim tudalen ar gael)">i Sikhiaid ym 1823</a>. Ar ddiwedd y <a href="/wiki/19g" class="mw-redirect" title="19g">19g</a>, daeth Affganistan yn wladwriaeth ragod (<i>buffer state</i>) yn "<a href="/wiki/Y_G%C3%AAm_Fawr" title="Y Gêm Fawr">y Gêm Fawr</a>" rhwng ymerodraethau <a href="/wiki/Yr_Ymerodraeth_Brydeinig" title="Yr Ymerodraeth Brydeinig">Prydain</a> a <a href="/wiki/Ymerodraeth_Rwsia" title="Ymerodraeth Rwsia">Rwsia.</a><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Yn <a href="/wiki/1973" title="1973">1973</a> datganiwyd <a href="/wiki/Gweriniaeth" title="Gweriniaeth">gweriniaeth</a>. Cafodd y <a href="/wiki/Rhyfel_cartref" title="Rhyfel cartref">rhyfel cartref</a> hir rhwng <a href="/wiki/1979" title="1979">1979</a> a <a href="/wiki/1992" title="1992">1992</a> a phresenoldeb byddin Rwsia (hyd at <a href="/wiki/1989" title="1989">1989</a>) effaith bellgyrhaeddol ar wleidyddiaeth y wlad. Yn y <a href="/wiki/1990au" title="1990au">1990au</a> tyfodd dylanwad a grym y <a href="/wiki/Taleban" class="mw-redirect" title="Taleban">Taleban</a> ffwndamentalaidd ac o <a href="/wiki/1994" title="1994">1994</a> hyd at <a href="/wiki/2001" title="2001">2001</a> rheolwyd rhan sylweddol o'r wlad ganddynt. Yn 2001 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rhyfel_yn_Affganistan_(2001%E2%80%93presennol)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rhyfel yn Affganistan (2001–presennol) (dim tudalen ar gael)">ymosododd</a> lluoedd arfog <a href="/wiki/UDA" class="mw-redirect" title="UDA">UDA</a>, gyda chymorth <a href="/wiki/Cynghrair_y_Gogledd" title="Cynghrair y Gogledd">Cynghrair y Gogledd</a>, ar y Taleban ac fe'u disodlwyd. Ers hynny mae llywodraeth ddemocrataidd wedi rheoli y rhan fwyaf o'r wlad, gyda chefnogaeth lluoedd <a href="/wiki/NATO" class="mw-redirect" title="NATO">NATO</a>, ond erys y Taleban a'u cefnogwyr yn gryf yn y de a'r dwyrain. </p><p>Yn y <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rhyfel_Eingl-Afghanistan_cyntaf&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rhyfel Eingl-Afghanistan cyntaf (dim tudalen ar gael)">Rhyfel Eingl-Affganistan Cyntaf</a>, cipiodd y<a href="/wiki/British_East_India_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="British East India Company">British East India Company</a> reolaeth ar Affganistan ond yn dilyn y Drydedd Ryfel Eingl-Affganistan ym 1919 llwyddodd y wlad i ddod yn annibynnol ar ddylanwad tramor, gan ddod yn <a href="/wiki/Brenhiniaeth" title="Brenhiniaeth">frenhiniaeth</a> o dan arweiniad y brenin <a href="/wiki/Amanullah_Khan" title="Amanullah Khan">Amanullah Khan</a>, tan bron i 50 flynyddoedd yn ddiweddarach pan <a href="/wiki/Mohammed_Zahir_Shah" title="Mohammed Zahir Shah">ddymchwelwyd Zahir Shah</a> a sefydlwyd gweriniaeth. Ym 1978, ar ôl ail <i><a href="/wiki/Coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="Coup d'état">coup d'état</a></i>, daeth Affganistan yn wladwriaeth sosialaidd gyntaf, gan ddwyn i gof y <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rhyfel_Sofietaidd-Afghanistan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rhyfel Sofietaidd-Afghanistan (dim tudalen ar gael)">Rhyfel Sofietaidd-Afghanistan</a> yn yr <a href="/wiki/1980au" title="1980au">1980au</a> yn erbyn gwrthryfelwyr <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mujahideen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mujahideen (dim tudalen ar gael)">mujahideen</a>. </p><p>Erbyn 1996, cipiwyd y rhan fwyaf o'r wlad gan y <a href="/wiki/Y_Taleban" class="mw-redirect" title="Y Taleban">Taliban</a> ffwndamentalaidd, Islamaidd, a oedd yn llywodraethu fel cyfundrefn dotalitaraidd; chwalwyd eu grym yn ufflon, ar ôl goresgyniad yr Unol Daleithiau yn 2001, ond yn 2021 roedden nhw'n parhau i reoli cyfran sylweddol o'r wlad. Mae’r <a href="/wiki/Rhyfel_Affganistan_(2001%E2%80%93presennol)" class="mw-redirect" title="Rhyfel Affganistan (2001–presennol)">rhyfel parhaus</a> rhwng y llywodraeth a’r Taliban yn golygu fod hawliau dynol a hawliau menywod Affganistan, wedi cael eu hanwybyddu, gyda llawer o bobl yn cael eu camdrin, gan y ddwy ochr, megis lladd sifiliaid, herwgipio ac arteithio. Oherwydd dibyniaeth helaeth ei llywodraeth ar gymorth milwrol ac economaidd <a href="/wiki/Unol_Daleithiau_America" title="Unol Daleithiau America">America</a>, mae rhai yn dosbarthu'r genedl fel talaith o'r UDA.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Daearyddiaeth">Daearyddiaeth</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Affganistan&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Golygu'r adran: Daearyddiaeth" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>golygu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Affganistan&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Daearyddiaeth"><span>golygu cod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div style="margin-bottom:0.01em; padding: 0.01px; text-align: left; font-size: 100%;"> <dl><dd><span class="boilerplate seealso"><i>Prif: <a href="/wiki/Daearyddiaeth_Affganistan" title="Daearyddiaeth Affganistan">Daearyddiaeth Affganistan</a></i></span></dd></dl></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Delwedd:Jam_Qasr_Zarafshan.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Jam_Qasr_Zarafshan.jpg/150px-Jam_Qasr_Zarafshan.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Jam_Qasr_Zarafshan.jpg/225px-Jam_Qasr_Zarafshan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Jam_Qasr_Zarafshan.jpg/300px-Jam_Qasr_Zarafshan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a><figcaption>Afon Hari Rud</figcaption></figure><p> Mae Affganistan yn wlad tirgaeedig o wastadeddau uchel a mynyddoedd. Mae cadwyn fawr yr <a href="/wiki/Hindu_Kush" title="Hindu Kush">Hindu Kush</a> yn cyrraedd dros 7,000 m o uchder yn <a href="/wiki/Tirich_Mir" title="Tirich Mir">Tirich Mir</a>, ar y ffin â Phacistan yn y gogledd-ddwyrain. Ceir amrywiadau mawr mewn <a href="/wiki/Hinsawdd" title="Hinsawdd">hinsawdd</a> mewn lle cymharol gyfyngedig, yn amrywio o hinsoddau <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hinsawdd_sych&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hinsawdd sych (dim tudalen ar gael)">sych</a> ac <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hinsawdd_isdrofannol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hinsawdd isdrofannol (dim tudalen ar gael)">isdrofannol</a> i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hinsawdd_alpaidd&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hinsawdd alpaidd (dim tudalen ar gael)">hinsawdd alpaidd</a> eithafol yn y mynyddoedd. Mae'r dinasoedd a threfi pwysig yn cynnwys y brifddinas <a href="/wiki/Kabul" title="Kabul">Kabul</a> a thref hanesyddol <a href="/wiki/Ghazni" title="Ghazni">Ghazni</a> yn y canolbarth, <a href="/wiki/Herat" title="Herat">Herat</a> a <a href="/wiki/Kandahar" title="Kandahar">Kandahar</a> yn y gorllewin, <a href="/wiki/Fayzabad_(Affganistan)" title="Fayzabad (Affganistan)">Faizabad</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Konduz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konduz (dim tudalen ar gael)">Konduz</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mazar-i-Sharif&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mazar-i-Sharif (dim tudalen ar gael)">Mazar-i-Sharif</a> a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Maimana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maimana (dim tudalen ar gael)">Maimana</a> yn y gogledd, a <a href="/wiki/Jalalabad" title="Jalalabad">Jalalabad</a> yn y dwyrain. Mae dŵr yn gymharol brin yn y wlad. Yr unig afonydd o bwys yw <a href="/wiki/Afon_Oxus" class="mw-redirect" title="Afon Oxus">Afon Oxus</a>, sy'n rhedeg ar hyd y ffin ogleddol; afon <a href="/wiki/Hari_Rud" title="Hari Rud">Hari Rud</a> yn y canolbarth a'r gorllewin, <a href="/wiki/Afon_Helmand" title="Afon Helmand">Afon Helmand</a> (<i>Rud-e Helmand</i>) yn y de-orllewin, sy'n rhedeg dros y ffin i Iran i gael ei llyncu yng nghorstir hallt <a href="/w/index.php?title=Daryacheh-ye_Sistan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Daryacheh-ye Sistan (dim tudalen ar gael)">Daryacheh-ye Sistan</a>; ac <a href="/wiki/Afon_Kabul" title="Afon Kabul">Afon Kabul</a> (<i>Darya-ye Kabul</i>) sy'n rhedeg o ardal <a href="/wiki/Bwlch_Khyber" title="Bwlch Khyber">Bwlch Khyber</a> i gyfeiriad Kabul. </p><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Iaith_a_Diwylliant">Iaith a Diwylliant</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Affganistan&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Golygu'r adran: Iaith a Diwylliant" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>golygu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Affganistan&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Iaith a Diwylliant"><span>golygu cod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div style="margin-bottom:0.01em; padding: 0.01px; text-align: left; font-size: 100%;"> <dl><dd><span class="boilerplate seealso"><i>Prif: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Diwylliant_Affganistan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diwylliant Affganistan (dim tudalen ar gael)">Diwylliant Affganistan</a></i></span></dd></dl></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Delwedd:Mazar-e_Sharif_-_Blue_detail.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Mazar-e_Sharif_-_Blue_detail.jpg/150px-Mazar-e_Sharif_-_Blue_detail.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Mazar-e_Sharif_-_Blue_detail.jpg/225px-Mazar-e_Sharif_-_Blue_detail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Mazar-e_Sharif_-_Blue_detail.jpg/300px-Mazar-e_Sharif_-_Blue_detail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1080" data-file-height="720" /></a><figcaption>Addurniadau yn y Mosg Las ym Mazar-e-Sharif</figcaption></figure> <p>Mae Affganistan yn wlad <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islamaidd</a> ers yr <a href="/wiki/8g" class="mw-redirect" title="8g">8g</a> ond yn y gorffennol bu'n ganolfan bwysig iawn yn hanes <a href="/wiki/Zoroastriaeth" title="Zoroastriaeth">Zoroastriaeth</a> a <a href="/wiki/Bwdhaeth" title="Bwdhaeth">Bwdhaeth</a>. Hyd at ddiwedd yr <a href="/wiki/20g" class="mw-redirect" title="20g">20g</a> roedd <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nuristan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nuristan (dim tudalen ar gael)">Nuristan</a>, i'r gogledd o ddyffryn Jalalabad, yn wlad <a href="/wiki/Paganiaeth" title="Paganiaeth">baganaidd</a> led-annibynnol a elwid yn <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kaffiristan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kaffiristan (dim tudalen ar gael)">Kaffiristan</a> (mae'r olaf o'r Kaffiriaid paganaidd yn byw dros y ffin yn nhalaith <a href="/w/index.php?title=Chitral&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chitral (dim tudalen ar gael)">Chitral</a> ym Mhacistan). </p><p>Ceir nifer o fosgiau hanesyddol yn Affganistan, yn cynnwys y Mosg Las ym <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mazar-e-Sharif&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mazar-e-Sharif (dim tudalen ar gael)">Mazar-e-Sharif</a> yn y gogledd, mosgiau hynafol dinas <a href="/wiki/Herat" title="Herat">Herat</a> yn y gorllewin ac adfeilion mosg a minaret enwog yn <a href="/wiki/Ghazni" title="Ghazni">Ghazni</a>. Y safle Bwdhaidd pwysicaf yw <a href="/wiki/Bamiyan" title="Bamiyan">Bamiyan</a>, yng nghanolbarth y wlad; yn anffodus dinistriwyd rhan sylweddol o'r cerfluniau hynafol o'r <a href="/wiki/Bwdha" title="Bwdha">Bwdha</a> gan y <a href="/wiki/Taleban" class="mw-redirect" title="Taleban">Taleban</a> ar ddiwedd y <a href="/wiki/1990au" title="1990au">1990au</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Israniadau">Israniadau</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Affganistan&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Golygu'r adran: Israniadau" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>golygu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Affganistan&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Israniadau"><span>golygu cod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div style="margin-bottom:0.01em; padding: 0.01px; text-align: left; font-size: 100%;"> <dl><dd><span class="boilerplate seealso"><i>Prif: <a href="/wiki/Taleithiau_Affganistan" title="Taleithiau Affganistan">Taleithiau Affganistan</a></i></span></dd></dl></div> <p>Ceir 34 talaith yn Affganistan, a adnabyddir yn lleol fel <i>wilayats</i>. Rhennir pob talaith yn ei thro yn <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ardaloedd_Affganistan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ardaloedd Affganistan (dim tudalen ar gael)">ardaloedd</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Delwedd:Afghanistan_provinces_numbered.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Afghanistan_provinces_numbered.png/280px-Afghanistan_provinces_numbered.png" decoding="async" width="280" height="215" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Afghanistan_provinces_numbered.png/420px-Afghanistan_provinces_numbered.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Afghanistan_provinces_numbered.png/560px-Afghanistan_provinces_numbered.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="461" /></a><figcaption>34 talaith Affganistan</figcaption></figure> <table><tbody><tr><td><ol> <li> <a href="/wiki/Badakhshan_(talaith)" title="Badakhshan (talaith)">Badakhshan</a> </li><li> <a href="/wiki/Badghis_(talaith)" title="Badghis (talaith)">Badghis</a> </li><li> <a href="/wiki/Baghlan_(talaith)" title="Baghlan (talaith)">Baghlan</a> </li><li> <a href="/wiki/Balkh_(talaith)" title="Balkh (talaith)">Balkh</a> </li><li> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bamyan_(talaith)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bamyan (talaith) (dim tudalen ar gael)">Bamyan</a> </li><li> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Daykundi_(talaith)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Daykundi (talaith) (dim tudalen ar gael)">Daykundi</a> </li><li> <a href="/wiki/Farah_(talaith)" title="Farah (talaith)">Farah</a> </li><li> <a href="/wiki/Faryab_(talaith)" title="Faryab (talaith)">Faryab</a> </li><li> <a href="/wiki/Ghazni_(talaith)" title="Ghazni (talaith)">Ghazni</a> </li><li> <a href="/wiki/Ghor_(talaith)" title="Ghor (talaith)">Ghor</a> </li><li> <a href="/wiki/Helmand" title="Helmand">Helmand</a> </li><li> <a href="/wiki/Herat_(talaith)" title="Herat (talaith)">Herat</a> </li></ol></td><td><ol start="13"> <li> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jowzjan_(talaith)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jowzjan (talaith) (dim tudalen ar gael)">Jowzjan</a> </li><li> <a href="/wiki/Kabul_(talaith)" title="Kabul (talaith)">Kabul</a> </li><li> <a href="/wiki/Kandahar_(talaith)" title="Kandahar (talaith)">Kandahar</a> </li><li> <a href="/wiki/Kapisa_(talaith)" title="Kapisa (talaith)">Kapisa</a> </li><li> <a href="/wiki/Khost_(talaith)" title="Khost (talaith)">Khost</a> </li><li> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kunar_(talaith)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kunar (talaith) (dim tudalen ar gael)">Kunar</a> </li><li> <a href="/wiki/Kunduz_(talaith)" title="Kunduz (talaith)">Kunduz</a> </li><li> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Laghman_(talaith)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Laghman (talaith) (dim tudalen ar gael)">Laghman</a> </li><li> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lowgar_(talaith)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lowgar (talaith) (dim tudalen ar gael)">Lowgar</a> </li><li> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nangarhar_(talaith)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nangarhar (talaith) (dim tudalen ar gael)">Nangarhar</a> </li><li> <a href="/wiki/Nimruz" title="Nimruz">Nimruz</a> </li><li> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nurestan_(talaith)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nurestan (talaith) (dim tudalen ar gael)">Nurestan</a> </li></ol></td><td><ol start="25"> <li> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oruzgan_(talaith)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oruzgan (talaith) (dim tudalen ar gael)">Oruzgan</a> </li><li> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Paktia_(talaith)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paktia (talaith) (dim tudalen ar gael)">Paktia</a> </li><li> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Paktika_(talaith)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paktika (talaith) (dim tudalen ar gael)">Paktika</a> </li><li> <a href="/wiki/Panjshir_(talaith)" class="mw-redirect" title="Panjshir (talaith)">Panjshir</a> </li><li> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Parwan_(talaith)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Parwan (talaith) (dim tudalen ar gael)">Parwan</a> </li><li> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Samangan_(talaith)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Samangan (talaith) (dim tudalen ar gael)">Samangan</a> </li><li> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sar-e_Pol_(talaith)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sar-e Pol (talaith) (dim tudalen ar gael)">Sar-e Pol</a> </li><li> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Takhar_(talaith)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Takhar (talaith) (dim tudalen ar gael)">Takhar</a> </li><li> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wardak_(talaith)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wardak (talaith) (dim tudalen ar gael)">Wardak</a> </li><li> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Zabul_(talaith)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zabul (talaith) (dim tudalen ar gael)">Zabul</a> </li></ol></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demograffeg">Demograffeg</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Affganistan&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Golygu'r adran: Demograffeg" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>golygu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Affganistan&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Demograffeg"><span>golygu cod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Amcangyfrifwyd bod poblogaeth Affganistan yn 32.9 miliwn yn 2019 gan Awdurdod Ystadegau a Gwybodaeth Affganistan,<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> tra bod y Cenhedloedd Unedig yn amcangyfrif dros 38.0 miliwn.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mae tua 23.9% ohonynt yn <a href="/wiki/Ardal_drefol" title="Ardal drefol">drefol</a>, 71.4% yn byw mewn ardaloedd gwledig, ac mae'r 4.7% sy'n weddill yn grwydrol.<sup id="cite_ref-https://www.worldometers.info/world-population/afghanistan-population/_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-https://www.worldometers.info/world-population/afghanistan-population/-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ceir tair miliwn ychwanegol o Affghaniaid mewn gwersylloedd ym <a href="/wiki/Pacistan" title="Pacistan">Mhacistan</a> ac <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> gyfagos, a chafodd y mwyafrif ohonynt eu geni a'u magu yn y ddwy wlad hynny. Yn 2013, Affganistan oedd y wlad fwyaf i gynhyrchu ffoaduriaid yn y byd, teitl a ddaliwyd am 32 mlynedd. </p><p>Y gyfradd twf poblogaeth gyfredol yw 2.37%,<sup id="cite_ref-Factbook_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Factbook-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> un o'r uchaf yn y byd y tu allan i Affrica. Disgwylir i'r boblogaeth hon gyrraedd 82 miliwn erbyn 2050 os yw'r tueddiadau poblogaeth cyfredol yn parhau.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cynyddodd poblogaeth Affganistan yn gyson tan yr <a href="/wiki/1980au" title="1980au">1980au</a>, pan achosodd rhyfel cartref i filiynau ffoi i wledydd eraill fel Pacistan.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mae miliynau wedi dychwelyd ers hynny ac mae amodau'r rhyfel wedi golygu cyfradd ffrwythlondeb uchel o gymharu â thueddiadau byd-eang a rhanbarthol.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mae gofal iechyd Affganistan wedi gwella ers troad y ganrif, gan achosi gostyngiad mewn marwolaethau babanod a chynnydd mewn hirhoedledd. Achosodd hyn (ynghyd â ffactorau eraill fel ffoaduriaid sy'n dychwelyd) dwf cyflym yn y boblogaeth yn y 2000au. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ieithoedd">Ieithoedd</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Affganistan&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Golygu'r adran: Ieithoedd" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>golygu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Affganistan&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Ieithoedd"><span>golygu cod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="barbox tright" style="overflow-x: auto;"> <div style="border:1px solid silver; font-size:88%; padding:0.4em; width:auto; background: white;"> <table style="text-align:left; border-collapse:collapse; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr style="background:#ddd"><th style="text-align:center;" colspan="5">Spoken ability of different languages in Afghanistan<sup id="cite_ref-Factbook_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Factbook-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th></tr> <tr style="font-size:88%; height:4px;"> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0 4px; text-align:left;"></td> <td style="width:100px; text-align:left;"></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0 4px; width:1em; text-align:right;"></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left:0.4em;padding-right:0.4em;min-width:8em"><a href="/wiki/Dari" title="Dari">Dari</a> (Afghan Persian)</td> <td style="width:100px;border-left:solid 1px silver;border-right:solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:green; width:78%; overflow:hidden">  </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left:0.4em;padding-right:0.4em" align="right">78%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left:0.4em;padding-right:0.4em;min-width:8em"><a href="/wiki/Pashto" title="Pashto">Pashto</a></td> <td style="width:100px;border-left:solid 1px silver;border-right:solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:red; width:50%; overflow:hidden">  </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left:0.4em;padding-right:0.4em" align="right">50%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left:0.4em;padding-right:0.4em;min-width:8em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Uzbek_language&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Uzbek language (dim tudalen ar gael)">Uzbek</a></td> <td style="width:100px;border-left:solid 1px silver;border-right:solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:blue; width:10%; overflow:hidden">  </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left:0.4em;padding-right:0.4em" align="right">10%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left:0.4em;padding-right:0.4em;min-width:8em">English</td> <td style="width:100px;border-left:solid 1px silver;border-right:solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:red; width:5%; overflow:hidden">  </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left:0.4em;padding-right:0.4em" align="right">5%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left:0.4em;padding-right:0.4em;min-width:8em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turkmen_language&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Turkmen language (dim tudalen ar gael)">Turkmen</a></td> <td style="width:100px;border-left:solid 1px silver;border-right:solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:blue; width:2%; overflow:hidden">  </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left:0.4em;padding-right:0.4em" align="right">2%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left:0.4em;padding-right:0.4em;min-width:8em"><a href="/wiki/Urdu" class="mw-redirect" title="Urdu">Urdu</a></td> <td style="width:100px;border-left:solid 1px silver;border-right:solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:red; width:2%; overflow:hidden">  </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left:0.4em;padding-right:0.4em" align="right">2%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left:0.4em;padding-right:0.4em;min-width:8em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pashayi_languages&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pashayi languages (dim tudalen ar gael)">Pashayi</a></td> <td style="width:100px;border-left:solid 1px silver;border-right:solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:blue; width:1%; overflow:hidden">  </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left:0.4em;padding-right:0.4em" align="right">1%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left:0.4em;padding-right:0.4em;min-width:8em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nuristani_language&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nuristani language (dim tudalen ar gael)">Nuristani</a></td> <td style="width:100px;border-left:solid 1px silver;border-right:solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:red; width:1%; overflow:hidden">  </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left:0.4em;padding-right:0.4em" align="right">1%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left:0.4em;padding-right:0.4em;min-width:8em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabic&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arabic (dim tudalen ar gael)">Arabic</a></td> <td style="width:100px;border-left:solid 1px silver;border-right:solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:blue; width:1%; overflow:hidden">  </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left:0.4em;padding-right:0.4em" align="right">1%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left:0.4em;padding-right:0.4em;min-width:8em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Balochi_language&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Balochi language (dim tudalen ar gael)">Balochi</a></td> <td style="width:100px;border-left:solid 1px silver;border-right:solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:red; width:1%; overflow:hidden">  </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left:0.4em;padding-right:0.4em" align="right">1%</td> </tr> </tbody></table> </div> </div><p><a href="/wiki/Perseg" title="Perseg">Dari</a> a <a href="/wiki/Pashto" title="Pashto">Pashto</a> yw <a href="/wiki/Iaith_swyddogol" title="Iaith swyddogol">ieithoedd swyddogol</a> Affganistan; mae dwyieithrwydd yn gyffredin iawn.<sup id="cite_ref-AO_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AO-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mae Dari, sy'n amrywiaeth o <a href="/wiki/Perseg" title="Perseg">Berseg</a> (ac a elwir yn aml yn 'Farsi' gan rai Affghaniaid fel yn Iran) yn gweithredu fel y <a href="/wiki/Lingua_franca" title="Lingua franca">lingua franca</a> yn <a href="/wiki/Kabul" title="Kabul">Kabul</a> yn ogystal ag yn llawer o rannau gogleddol a gogledd-orllewinol y wlad.<sup id="cite_ref-AO_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AO-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pashto yw iaith frodorol y Pashtuns, er bod llawer ohonyn nhw hefyd yn rhugl yn Dari tra bod rhai nad ydyn nhw'n Pashtuns yn rhugl yn Pashto. Er gwaethaf y ffaith bod y Pashtuns wedi bod yn drech yng ngwleidyddiaeth Affganistan ers canrifoedd, arhosodd Dari yn ddewis iaith ar gyfer llywodraeth a biwrocratiaeth.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Mae yna nifer o ieithoedd rhanbarthol llai, gan gynnwys <a href="/wiki/Wsbeceg" title="Wsbeceg">Wsbeceg</a>, Turkmen, Balochi, Pashayi, a Nuristani. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economi">Economi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Affganistan&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Golygu'r adran: Economi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>golygu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Affganistan&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Economi"><span>golygu cod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div style="margin-bottom:0.01em; padding: 0.01px; text-align: left; font-size: 100%;"> <dl><dd><span class="boilerplate seealso"><i>Prif: <a href="/wiki/Economi_Affganistan" title="Economi Affganistan">Economi Affganistan</a></i></span></dd></dl></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Delwedd:Afghan_pomegranate_processing.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Afghan_pomegranate_processing.jpg/220px-Afghan_pomegranate_processing.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Afghan_pomegranate_processing.jpg/330px-Afghan_pomegranate_processing.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Afghan_pomegranate_processing.jpg/440px-Afghan_pomegranate_processing.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1500" /></a><figcaption> Gweithwyr yn prosesu <a href="/wiki/Grawnafal" title="Grawnafal">pomgranadau</a> (<i>anaar</i>), y mae Affganistan yn enwog amdanynt </figcaption></figure> <p>Mae Affganistan yn un o wledydd tlotaf y byd. Mae'r mwyafrif o'r bobl yn gweithio ar y tir. Yn y dyffrynoedd a chymoedd mae rhwydweithiau <a href="/wiki/Dyfrhau" title="Dyfrhau">dyfrhau</a> yn galluogi <a href="/wiki/Amaethyddiaeth" class="mw-redirect" title="Amaethyddiaeth">amaethyddiaeth</a> a thyfu coed ffrwythau i ffynu. Yn y mynyddoedd a'r gwastadeddau uchel <a href="/wiki/Bugeilio" class="mw-redirect" title="Bugeilio">bugeilio</a> a chodi <a href="/wiki/Gwartheg" class="mw-redirect" title="Gwartheg">gwartheg</a> a <a href="/wiki/Gafr" title="Gafr">geifr</a> yw asgwrn cefn yr economi leol. Mae tyfu cnydau <a href="/wiki/Opiwm" title="Opiwm">opiwm</a> yn bwysig yn yr ardaloedd gwledig ers canrifoedd ac mae canran uchel iawn o opiwm y byd yn dod o Affganistan. Mae nwyddau naturiol y wlad yn cynnwys <a href="/wiki/Glo" title="Glo">glo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Petroliwm" title="Petroliwm">petroliwm</a> a <a href="/wiki/Nwy_naturiol" title="Nwy naturiol">nwy naturiol</a> a mwyngloddir <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lapis_lazuli&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lapis lazuli (dim tudalen ar gael)">lapis lazuli</a> yn y gogledd, yn arbennig yn y Hindu Kush. </p><p>Mae'r rhyfela parhaol dros y degawdau diwethaf wedi dinistrio dros 65% o ffatrïoedd a safleoedd diwydiannol eraill y wlad ac mae'r economi heddiw mewn cyflwr bregus iawn ac yn ddibynnol ar gymorth ariannol tramor. </p><p>Er bod diffyg ariannol, cyfredol y genedl yn cael ei ariannu i raddau helaeth gydag arian rhoddwyr, dim ond cyfran fach a ddarperir yn uniongyrchol i gyllideb y llywodraeth. Darperir y gweddill i wariant nad yw'n gyllidebol a phrosiectau a ddynodwyd gan roddwyr trwy system a sefydliadau anllywodraethol.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Mae 'Banc Da Affganistan' yn gwasanaethu fel banc canolog y genedl<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a'r <a href="/w/index.php?title=Afghani_Afghanistan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Afghani Afghanistan (dim tudalen ar gael)">Afghani</a> (AFN) yw'r arian cyfred cenedlaethol, gyda chyfradd gyfnewid o tua 75 Afghanis i 1 doler yr UD.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mae nifer o fanciau lleol a thramor yn gweithredu yn y wlad, gan gynnwys Banc Rhyngwladol Affganistan, Banc Kabul Newydd, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Banc_Azizi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Banc Azizi (dim tudalen ar gael)">Banc Azizi</a>, Banc Pashtany, Banc Siartredig Safonol, a'r Banc Micro Cyllid Cyntaf . </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mwyngloddio">Mwyngloddio</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Affganistan&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Golygu'r adran: Mwyngloddio" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>golygu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Affganistan&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Mwyngloddio"><span>golygu cod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Delwedd:Lapis_Lazuli_from_Afghanistan.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Lapis_Lazuli_from_Afghanistan.jpg/220px-Lapis_Lazuli_from_Afghanistan.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="295" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Lapis_Lazuli_from_Afghanistan.jpg/330px-Lapis_Lazuli_from_Afghanistan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Lapis_Lazuli_from_Afghanistan.jpg/440px-Lapis_Lazuli_from_Afghanistan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1936" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption> <a href="/wiki/Asurfaen" title="Asurfaen">Cerrig Lapis lazuli</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Mae adnoddau naturiol y wlad yn cynnwys: glo, <a href="/wiki/Copr" title="Copr">copr</a>, <a href="/wiki/Haearn" title="Haearn">mwyn haearn</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lithiwm" title="Lithiwm">lithiwm</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wraniwm" title="Wraniwm">wraniwm</a>, elfennau daear prin, cromite, aur, <a href="/wiki/Sinc" title="Sinc">sinc</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Talc&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Talc (dim tudalen ar gael)">talc</a>, barite, <a href="/wiki/Sylffwr" title="Sylffwr">sylffwr</a>, <a href="/wiki/Plwm" title="Plwm">plwm</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marmor" title="Marmor">marmor</a>, cerrig gwerthfawr a <a href="/wiki/Glain" title="Glain">lled werthfawr</a>, nwy naturiol, a petroliwm.<sup id="cite_ref-bgs_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bgs-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Yn 2010, amcangyfrifodd swyddogion llywodraeth yr UD ac Affganistan fod dyddodion mwynau heb eu cyffwrdd a leolwyd yn 2007 gan Arolwg Daearegol yr UD werth o leiaf $1 triliwn.<sup id="cite_ref-bbcminerals_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bbcminerals-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Iechyd">Iechyd</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Affganistan&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Golygu'r adran: Iechyd" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>golygu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Affganistan&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section's source code: Iechyd"><span>golygu cod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Yn ôl y <a href="/wiki/Mynegai_Datblygu_Dynol" title="Mynegai Datblygu Dynol">Mynegai Datblygiad Dynol</a>, Affganistan yw'r 15fed wlad leiaf datblygedig yn y byd . Amcangyfrifir bod y disgwyliad oes ar gyfartaledd oddeutu 60 mlynedd.<sup id="cite_ref-WHO_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WHO-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-uis.unesco.org_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-uis.unesco.org-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cyfradd marwolaethau mamau’r wlad yw 396 marwolaeth / 100,000 o enedigaethau byw a’i <a href="/wiki/Marwolaethau_babanod" title="Marwolaethau babanod">chyfradd marwolaethau babanod</a> yw 66 <sup id="cite_ref-uis.unesco.org_32-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-uis.unesco.org-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> i 112.8 o farwolaethau ym mhob 1,000 o enedigaethau byw.<sup id="cite_ref-Factbook_20-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Factbook-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mae gan y wlad fwy na 3,000 o <a href="/wiki/Bydwreigiaeth" title="Bydwreigiaeth">fydwragedd</a>, gyda 300 i 400 yn ychwanegol yn cael eu hyfforddi bob blwyddyn.<sup id="cite_ref-csm_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-csm-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Mae dros 100 o ysbytai yn Affganistan,<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> gyda'r triniaethau mwyaf datblygedig ar gael yn Kabul. Sefydliad Meddygol Plant Ffrainc ac Ysbyty Plant Indira Gandhi yn Kabul yw'r prif ysbytai plant yn y wlad. Mae rhai o'r ysbytai blaenllaw eraill yn Kabul yn cynnwys Ysbyty Jamhuriat ac Ysbyty Jinnah.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Er gwaethaf hyn oll, mae llawer o Affghaniaid yn teithio i Bacistan ac India i gael triniaeth dwys. </p> <table class="navbox" cellspacing="0" style=";"><tbody><tr><td style="padding:2px;"><table cellspacing="0" class="nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse" style="width:100%;background:transparent;color:inherit;;"><tbody><tr><th style="padding:0.3em; line-height:1.5em; font-size:95%;;" colspan="2" class="navbox-title"><div style="float:left; width:6em;text-align:left;"><div class="noprint plainlinksneverexpand" style="background-color:transparent; padding:0; white-space:nowrap; font-weight:normal; font-size:xx-small; ;"><a href="/wiki/Nodyn:Asia" title="Nodyn:Asia"><span title="Gweld y nodyn hwn" style=";">gw</span></a> <span style="font-size:80%;">•</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sgwrs_Nodyn:Asia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sgwrs Nodyn:Asia (dim tudalen ar gael)"><span style="color:#002bb8;;" title="Sgwrs am y nodyn hwn">sg</span></a> <span style="font-size:80%;">•</span> <a class="external text" href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nodyn:Asia&action=edit"><span style="color:#002bb8;;" title="Golygu'r nodyn hwn">go</span></a></div></div><span style="font-size:110%;"><a href="/wiki/Asia" title="Asia">Asia </a></span></th></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style="padding:0.3em; line-height:1.5em; font-size:95%;;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;;"><a href="/wiki/Rhestr_gwladwriaethau_sofranaidd" class="mw-redirect" title="Rhestr gwladwriaethau sofranaidd">Gwladwriaethau sofranaidd</a></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odrif"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><div> <p><span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Affganistan</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain">Bahrain</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Bhwtan" title="Bhwtan">Bhwtan</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Brunei" class="mw-redirect" title="Brunei">Brunei</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Cambodia" title="Cambodia">Cambodia</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Corea" title="Corea">Corea</a> (<a href="/wiki/De_Corea" title="De Corea">De Corea</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gogledd_Corea" title="Gogledd Corea">Gogledd Corea</a>) <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Yr_Emiradau_Arabaidd_Unedig" title="Yr Emiradau Arabaidd Unedig">Yr Emiradau Arabaidd Unedig</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Fietnam" title="Fietnam">Fietnam</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <i><a href="/wiki/Gogledd_Cyprus" title="Gogledd Cyprus">Gogledd Cyprus</a></i><sup><small>1</small></sup> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Gwlad_Iorddonen" title="Gwlad Iorddonen">Gwlad Iorddonen</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Irac" title="Irac">Irac</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Coweit" title="Coweit">Coweit</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Cirgistan" title="Cirgistan">Cirgistan</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Laos" title="Laos">Laos</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Libanus" title="Libanus">Libanus</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Maleisia" title="Maleisia">Maleisia</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Maldives" title="Maldives">Maldives</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Mongolia" title="Mongolia">Mongolia</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Nepal" title="Nepal">Nepal</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Oman" title="Oman">Oman</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Pacistan" title="Pacistan">Pacistan</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Y_Philipinau" title="Y Philipinau">y Philipinau</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Qatar" class="mw-redirect" title="Qatar">Qatar</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Sawdi_Arabia" title="Sawdi Arabia">Sawdi Arabia</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Singap%C3%B4r" title="Singapôr">Singapôr</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanca" title="Sri Lanca">Sri Lanca</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Tajicistan" title="Tajicistan">Tajicistan</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Gwlad_Tai" title="Gwlad Tai">Gwlad Tai</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Tsieina" title="Tsieina">Tsieina</a> (<a href="/wiki/Gweriniaeth_Pobl_Tsieina" title="Gweriniaeth Pobl Tsieina">Gweriniaeth Pobl Tsieina</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gweriniaeth_Tsieina" class="mw-redirect" title="Gweriniaeth Tsieina">Gweriniaeth Tsieina</a>) <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Tyrcmenistan" title="Tyrcmenistan">Tyrcmenistan</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Wsbecistan" title="Wsbecistan">Wsbecistan</a> </span> </p> </div></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style="padding:0.3em; line-height:1.5em; font-size:95%;;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;;"><a href="/wiki/Gwlad_drawsgyfandirol" title="Gwlad drawsgyfandirol">Gwladwriaethau trawsgyfandirol</a></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-eilrif"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><div> <p><span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Yr_Aifft" title="Yr Aifft">Yr Aifft</a><sup><small>2</small></sup> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia">Armenia</a><sup><small>3</small></sup> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Aserbaijan" title="Aserbaijan">Aserbaijan</a><sup><small>4</small></sup> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</a><sup><small>3</small></sup> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Dwyrain_Timor" title="Dwyrain Timor">Dwyrain Timor</a><sup><small>5</small></sup> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Georgia" title="Georgia">Georgia</a><sup><small>4</small></sup> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a><sup><small>5</small></sup> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Casachstan" title="Casachstan">Casachstan</a><sup><small>6</small></sup> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Rwsia" title="Rwsia">Rwsia</a><sup><small>6</small></sup> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Twrci" title="Twrci">Twrci</a><sup><small>6</small></sup> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Iemen" title="Iemen">Iemen</a><sup><small>7</small></sup> </span> </p> </div></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style="padding:0.3em; line-height:1.5em; font-size:95%;;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;;"><a href="/wiki/Tiriogaeth_ddibynnol" class="mw-redirect" title="Tiriogaeth ddibynnol">Tiriogaethau dibynnol</a>,<br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ardal_ymreolaethol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ardal ymreolaethol (dim tudalen ar gael)">ardaloedd ymreolaethol</a>,<br />a <a href="/wiki/Tiriogaeth_(israniad_gwladol)" title="Tiriogaeth (israniad gwladol)">thiriogaethau</a> eraill</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odrif"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><div> <p><span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Hong_Cong" title="Hong Cong">Hong Cong</a><sup><small>8</small></sup> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Macau" title="Macau">Macau</a><sup><small>8</small></sup> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Y_Tiriogaethau_Palesteinaidd" class="mw-redirect" title="Y Tiriogaethau Palesteinaidd">Tiriogaethau Palesteinaidd</a><sup><small>9</small></sup> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Tibet" title="Tibet">Tibet</a><sup><small>8</small></sup></span> </p> </div></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" style="padding:0.3em; line-height:1.5em; font-size:95%;;padding:0.3em; line-height:1.5em; font-size:95%;" colspan="2">Dynodir <a href="/wiki/Rhestr_gwledydd_anghydnabyddedig" class="mw-redirect" title="Rhestr gwledydd anghydnabyddedig">gwlad anghydnabyddedig neu a gydnabyddir yn rhannol</a> gan <i>lythrennau italig</i>.<br /><span class="nowrap"><span style="position:relative; top:0.2em;"><sup>1</sup></span> Cydnabyddir gan <a href="/wiki/Twrci" title="Twrci">Dwrci</a> yn unig. </span> <span class="nowrap"><span style="position:relative; top:0.2em;"><sup>2</sup></span> Gyda'r mwyafrif o'i thir yn <a href="/wiki/Affrica" title="Affrica">Affrica</a>. </span> <span class="nowrap"><span style="position:relative; top:0.2em;"><sup>3</sup></span> Yn <a href="/wiki/De_Orllewin_Asia" class="mw-redirect" title="De Orllewin Asia">Ne Orllewin Asia</a> yn gyfan gwbwl, ond ystyrir yn rhan o <a href="/wiki/Ewrop" title="Ewrop">Ewrop</a> am resymau hanesyddol, gwleidyddol, ac/neu diwylliannol. </span> <span class="nowrap"><span style="position:relative; top:0.2em;"><sup>4</sup></span> Yn rhannol neu ddim o gwbwl yn Ewrop, yn dibynnu ar ddiffiniadau'r ffiniau rhwng Ewrop ac Asia. </span> <span class="nowrap"><span style="position:relative; top:0.2em;"><sup>5</sup></span> Ystyrid weithiau yn rhan o <a href="/wiki/Oceania" title="Oceania">Oceania</a>. </span> <span class="nowrap"><span style="position:relative; top:0.2em;"><sup>6</sup></span> Gyda lleiafrif o'i thir yn Asia. </span> <span class="nowrap"><span style="position:relative; top:0.2em;"><sup>7</sup></span> Ystyrid ynysfor <a href="/wiki/Socotra" title="Socotra">Socotra</a> yn rhan o Affrica. </span> <span class="nowrap"><span style="position:relative; top:0.2em;"><sup>8</sup></span> Gweinyddir gan Weriniaeth Pobl Tsieina. </span> <span class="nowrap"><span style="position:relative; top:0.2em;"><sup>9</sup></span> Nid yn llwyr annibynnol. </span></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="infobox" style="float:right;"> <div style="float: left;"><figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Delwedd:Wiktionary-logo-cy.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Wiktionary-logo-cy.png/50px-Wiktionary-logo-cy.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="57" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Wiktionary-logo-cy.png/75px-Wiktionary-logo-cy.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Wiktionary-logo-cy.png/100px-Wiktionary-logo-cy.png 2x" data-file-width="135" data-file-height="155" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div style="margin-left: 60px;">Chwiliwch am <i><b><a href="https://cy.wiktionary.org/wiki/Affganistan" class="extiw" title="wikt:Affganistan">Affganistan</a></b></i><br />yn <a href="/wiki/Wiciadur" title="Wiciadur">Wiciadur</a>.</div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cyfeiriadauau">Cyfeiriadauau</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Affganistan&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Golygu'r adran: Cyfeiriadauau" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>golygu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Affganistan&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section's source code: Cyfeiriadauau"><span>golygu cod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-wikidata-67cfa038650111113885a1ed7423e05bc95d3959-v7-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-wikidata-67cfa038650111113885a1ed7423e05bc95d3959-v7_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://data.who.int/countries/004">https://data.who.int/countries/004</a>. dyddiad cyrchiad: 22 Tachwedd 2024.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-18750732">"Hillary Clinton says Afghanistan 'major non-Nato ally<span class="cs1-kern-right">'</span>"</a>. <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=BBC_News&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="BBC News (dim tudalen ar gael)">BBC News</a></i>. 7 Gorffennaf 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190705181134/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-18750732">Archifwyd</a> o'r gwreiddiol ar 5 Gorffennaf 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Cyrchwyd <span class="nowrap">4 Grffennaf</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Hillary+Clinton+says+Afghanistan+%27major+non-Nato+ally%27&rft.date=2012-07-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld-asia-18750732&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AAffganistan" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error error citation-comment">Check date values in: <code class="cs1-code">|access-date=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Cymorth:CS1_errors#bad_date" title="Cymorth:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r8312344">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}</style></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>"The name Afghan has evidently been derived from Asvakan, the Assakenoi of Arrian... "</i> (Megasthenes and Arrian, p 180. See also: Alexander's Invasion of India, p 38; J.W. McCrindle).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>"Even the name Afghan is Aryan being derived from Asvakayana, an important clan of the Asvakas or horsemen who must have derived this title from their handling of celebrated breeds of horses"</i> (See: Imprints of Indian Thought and Culture abroad, p 124, Vivekananda Kendra Prakashan).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">cf: <i>"Their name (Afghan) means "cavalier" being derived from the <a href="/wiki/Sanskrit" class="mw-redirect" title="Sanskrit">Sanskrit</a>, </i>Asva<i>, or </i>Asvaka<i>, a horse, and shows that their country must have been noted in ancient times, as it is at the present day, for its superior breed of horses. Asvaka was an important tribe settled north to Kabul river, which offered a gallant resistance but ineffectual resistance to the arms of Alexander "</i>(Ref: Scottish Geographical Magazine, 1999, p 275, Royal Scottish Geographical Society).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>"Afghans are Assakani of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Greeks&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Greeks (dim tudalen ar gael)">Greeks</a>; this word being the <a href="/wiki/Sanskrit" class="mw-redirect" title="Sanskrit">Sanskrit</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ashvaka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ashvaka (dim tudalen ar gael)">Ashvaka</a> meaning 'horsemen' " </i> (Ref: Sva, 1915, p 113, Christopher Molesworth Birdwood).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Cf: <i>"The name represents Sanskrit Asvaka in the sense of a </i>cavalier<i>, and this reappears scarcely modified in the Assakani or Assakeni of the historians of the expedition of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alexander_the_Great&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alexander the Great (dim tudalen ar gael)">Alexander</a>" </i> (Hobson-Jobson: A Glossary of Colloquial <a href="/w/index.php?title=Anglo-Indian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anglo-Indian (dim tudalen ar gael)">Anglo-Indian</a> words and phrases, and of kindred terms, etymological..by Henry Yule, AD Burnell).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFMajumdar1977" class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ramesh_Chandra_Majumdar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ramesh Chandra Majumdar (dim tudalen ar gael)">Majumdar, Ramesh Chandra</a> (1977) [1952]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=XNxiN5tzKOgC&pg=PA99"><i>Ancient India</i></a> (arg. Reprinted). Motilal Banarsidass. t. 99. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-8-12080-436-4" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-8-12080-436-4"><bdi>978-8-12080-436-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ancient+India&rft.pages=99&rft.edition=Reprinted&rft.pub=Motilal+Banarsidass&rft.date=1977&rft.isbn=978-8-12080-436-4&rft.aulast=Majumdar&rft.aufirst=Ramesh+Chandra&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DXNxiN5tzKOgC%26pg%3DPA99&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AAffganistan" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFVogelsang2002" class="citation book">Vogelsang, Willem (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=9kfJ6MlMsJQC&pg=PA18"><i>The Afghans</i></a>. Wiley Blackwell. t. 18. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/0-631-19841-5" title="Arbennig:BookSources/0-631-19841-5"><bdi>0-631-19841-5</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Cyrchwyd <span class="nowrap">6 Gorffennaf</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Afghans&rft.pages=18&rft.pub=Wiley+Blackwell&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=0-631-19841-5&rft.aulast=Vogelsang&rft.aufirst=Willem&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D9kfJ6MlMsJQC%26pg%3DPA18&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AAffganistan" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" id="CITEREFDyson2018">Dyson, Tim (2018), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=3TRtDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA4"><i>A Population History of India: From the First Modern People to the Present Day</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>, pp. 4–5, <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-19-882905-8" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-19-882905-8">978-0-19-882905-8</a><span class="printonly">, <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=3TRtDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA4">https://books.google.com/books?id=3TRtDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA4</a></span></span>; <span class="citation" id="CITEREFFisher2018">Fisher, Michael H. (2018), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=kZVuDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA23"><i>An Environmental History of India: From Earliest Times to the Twenty-First Century</i></a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cambridge_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cambridge University Press (dim tudalen ar gael)">Cambridge University Press</a>, p. 33, <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-1-107-11162-2" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-1-107-11162-2">978-1-107-11162-2</a><span class="printonly">, <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=kZVuDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA23">https://books.google.com/books?id=kZVuDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA23</a></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFAnthony2007" class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=David_W._Anthony&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="David W. Anthony (dim tudalen ar gael)">Anthony, David W.</a> (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/horsewheellangua00davi"><i>The Horse, the Wheel, and Language: How Bronze-Age Riders from the Eurasian Steppes Shaped the Modern World</i></a>. Princeton University Press. t. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/horsewheellangua00davi/page/n232">454</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-0691058870" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-0691058870"><bdi>978-0691058870</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Horse%2C+the+Wheel%2C+and+Language%3A+How+Bronze-Age+Riders+from+the+Eurasian+Steppes+Shaped+the+Modern+World&rft.pages=454&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0691058870&rft.aulast=Anthony&rft.aufirst=David+W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhorsewheellangua00davi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AAffganistan" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=LclscNCTz9oC&pg=PA52"><i>The Far East and Australasia 2003</i></a>. Psychology Press. 14 Mehefin 2002. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/9781857431339" title="Arbennig:BookSources/9781857431339"><bdi>9781857431339</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Far+East+and+Australasia+2003&rft.pub=Psychology+Press&rft.date=2002-06-14&rft.isbn=9781857431339&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DLclscNCTz9oC%26pg%3DPA52&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AAffganistan" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cap1-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-cap1_13-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFQassem2016" class="citation book">Qassem, Ahmad Shayeq (16 Mawrth 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=oAzACwAAQBAJ&pg=PT41"><i>Afghanistan's Political Stability: A Dream Unrealised</i></a>. Routledge. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/9781317184591" title="Arbennig:BookSources/9781317184591"><bdi>9781317184591</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Afghanistan%27s+Political+Stability%3A+A+Dream+Unrealised&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2016-03-16&rft.isbn=9781317184591&rft.aulast=Qassem&rft.aufirst=Ahmad+Shayeq&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DoAzACwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPT41&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AAffganistan" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" id="CITEREFTomsen2014">Tomsen, Peter (2014), <i>The Wars of Afghanistan</i>, pp. 41–2, <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-1610392624" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-1610392624">978-1610392624</a></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" id="CITEREFRashid2000">Rashid, Ahmed (2000), <i>Taliban</i>, p. 187, <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/1-86064-417-1" title="Arbennig:BookSources/1-86064-417-1">1-86064-417-1</a></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFLadwig2017" class="citation book">Ladwig, Walter C. (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=GdAoDwAAQBAJ"><i>The Forgotten Front: Patron-Client Relationships in Counter Insurgency</i></a>. Cambridge University Press. t. 302. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/9781107170773" title="Arbennig:BookSources/9781107170773"><bdi>9781107170773</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Cyrchwyd <span class="nowrap">2018-05-15</span></span>. <q>As with their Cold War counterparts, it was erroneous for American policymakers to believe that the governments of contemporary client states, such as Iraq, Afghanistan, and Pakistan, necessarily shared their desire to defeat radical Islamic insurgents by adhering to the prescriptions of U.S. counterinsurgency doctrine.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Forgotten+Front%3A+Patron-Client+Relationships+in+Counter+Insurgency&rft.pages=302&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=9781107170773&rft.aulast=Ladwig&rft.aufirst=Walter+C.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DGdAoDwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AAffganistan" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-17">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tolonews.com/afghanistan/nsia-estimates-afghanistan-population-329m">"NSIA Estimates Afghanistan Population at 32.9M"</a>. <i>TOLOnews</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=TOLOnews&rft.atitle=NSIA+Estimates+Afghanistan+Population+at+32.9M&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftolonews.com%2Fafghanistan%2Fnsia-estimates-afghanistan-population-329m&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AAffganistan" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-18">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://worldpopulationreview.com/countries/afghanistan-population/">"Afghanistan Population 2020 (Demographics, Maps, Graphs)"</a>. <i>2020 World Population by Country</i>. 26 April 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Cyrchwyd <span class="nowrap">13 Mehefin</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=2020+World+Population+by+Country&rft.atitle=Afghanistan+Population+2020+%28Demographics%2C+Maps%2C+Graphs%29&rft.date=2020-04-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fworldpopulationreview.com%2Fcountries%2Fafghanistan-population%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AAffganistan" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-https://www.worldometers.info/world-population/afghanistan-population/-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-https://www.worldometers.info/world-population/afghanistan-population/_19-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210719121121/https://www.worldometers.info/">"Afghan Population Estimates 2020"</a>. Worldmeters. 2020. Archifwyd o'r gwreiddiol ar 2021-07-19<span class="reference-accessdate">. Cyrchwyd <span class="nowrap">27 Tachwedd</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Afghan+Population+Estimates+2020&rft.pub=Worldmeters&rft.date=2020&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldometers.info%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AAffganistan" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment">CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown (<a href="/wiki/Categori:CS1_maint:_BOT:_original-url_status_unknown" title="Categori:CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown">link</a>)</span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Factbook-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Factbook_20-0">20.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Factbook_20-1">20.1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Factbook_20-2">20.2</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/afghanistan/">"Afghanistan"</a>. <i>The World Factbook</i>. cia.gov<span class="reference-accessdate">. Cyrchwyd <span class="nowrap">22 Awst</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+World+Factbook&rft.atitle=Afghanistan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Fcountries%2Fafghanistan%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AAffganistan" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-21">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131202224051/http://www.prb.org/Countries/Afghanistan.aspx">"Afghanistan – Population Reference Bureau"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Population_Reference_Bureau&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Population Reference Bureau (dim tudalen ar gael)">Population Reference Bureau</a>. Archifwyd o'r <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.prb.org/Countries/Afghanistan.aspx">gwreiddiol</a> ar 2 December 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Cyrchwyd <span class="nowrap">29 December</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Afghanistan+%E2%80%93+Population+Reference+Bureau&rft.pub=Population+Reference+Bureau&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.prb.org%2FCountries%2FAfghanistan.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AAffganistan" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-22">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFWickramasekaraSehgalMehranNoroozi" class="citation web">Wickramasekara, Piyasiri; Sehgal, Jag; Mehran, Farhad; Noroozi, Ladan; Eisazadeh, Saeid. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180223013910/https://www.unhcr.org/455835d92.pdf">"Afghan Households in Iran: Profile and Impact"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_Nations_High_Commissioner_for_Refugees&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (dim tudalen ar gael)">United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees</a></i>. Archifwyd o'r <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.unhcr.org/455835d92.pdf">gwreiddiol</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> ar 23 Chwefror 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=United+Nations+High+Commissioner+for+Refugees&rft.atitle=Afghan+Households+in+Iran%3A+Profile+and+Impact&rft.aulast=Wickramasekara&rft.aufirst=Piyasiri&rft.au=Sehgal%2C+Jag&rft.au=Mehran%2C+Farhad&rft.au=Noroozi%2C+Ladan&rft.au=Eisazadeh%2C+Saeid&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.unhcr.org%2F455835d92.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AAffganistan" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-23">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation Journal">Nasir, Jamal Abdul; Akhtar, Sohail; Zaidi, Syed Arif Ahmed; Rani, Andleeb; Bano, Hina; Hinde, Andrew (16 Hydref 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=6795489">"Is recent Afghanistan survey data suitable for fertility analysis? A regional investigation based on fertility inhibiting determinants"</a>. <i>PLOS ONE</i> <b>14</b> (10): e0223111. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibcode&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibcode (dim tudalen ar gael)">Bibcode</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2019PLoSO..1423111N">2019PLoSO..1423111N</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0223111">10.1371/journal.pone.0223111</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=PubMed_Central&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PubMed Central (dim tudalen ar gael)">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6795489/?tool=pmcentrez">6795489</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31618275">31618275</a><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=6795489">http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=6795489</a></span>.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AO-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-AO_24-0">24.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-AO_24-1">24.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131028065437/http://www.afghan-web.com/politics/current_constitution.html">"Article Sixteen of the 2004 Constitution of Afghanistan"</a>. 2004. Archifwyd o'r <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.afghan-web.com/politics/current_constitution.html#preamble">gwreiddiol</a> ar 28 Hydref 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Cyrchwyd <span class="nowrap">13 Mehefin</span> 2012</span>. <q>Pashto and Dari are the official languages of the state. Uzbek, Turkmen, Baluchi, Pashai, Nuristani and Pamiri are – in addition to Pashto and Dari – the third official language in areas where the majority speaks them</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Article+Sixteen+of+the+2004+Constitution+of+Afghanistan&rft.date=2004&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.afghan-web.com%2Fpolitics%2Fcurrent_constitution.html%23preamble&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AAffganistan" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-25">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFBodetti" class="citation web">Bodetti, Austin. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://english.alaraby.co.uk/english/indepth/2019/7/11/what-will-happen-to-afghanistans-national-languages">"What will happen to Afghanistan's national languages?"</a>. <i>alaraby</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=alaraby&rft.atitle=What+will+happen+to+Afghanistan%27s+national+languages%3F&rft.aulast=Bodetti&rft.aufirst=Austin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fenglish.alaraby.co.uk%2Fenglish%2Findepth%2F2019%2F7%2F11%2Fwhat-will-happen-to-afghanistans-national-languages&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AAffganistan" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-26">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170517034344/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2015-10-20/taliban-winning-race-to-capture-1-trillion-afghan-mining-riches">"The Taliban Is Capturing Afghanistan's $1 Trillion in Mining Wealth"</a>. Bloomberg L.P. 20 Hydref 2015. Archifwyd o'r <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2015-10-20/taliban-winning-race-to-capture-1-trillion-afghan-mining-riches">gwreiddiol</a> ar 17 Mai 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Cyrchwyd <span class="nowrap">23 Mai</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Taliban+Is+Capturing+Afghanistan%27s+%241+Trillion+in+Mining+Wealth&rft.pub=Bloomberg+L.P.&rft.date=2015-10-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fnews%2Farticles%2F2015-10-20%2Ftaliban-winning-race-to-capture-1-trillion-afghan-mining-riches&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AAffganistan" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-27">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190704193402/https://www.tolonews.com/business/interest-rate-cut-place-says-central-bank">"Interest Rate Cut in Place, Says Central Bank"</a>. <i>TOLOnews</i>. Archifwyd o'r <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tolonews.com/business/interest-rate-cut-place-says-central-bank">gwreiddiol</a> ar 4 Gorffennaf 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Cyrchwyd <span class="nowrap">28 Mai</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=TOLOnews&rft.atitle=Interest+Rate+Cut+in+Place%2C+Says+Central+Bank&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tolonews.com%2Fbusiness%2Finterest-rate-cut-place-says-central-bank&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AAffganistan" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-28">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190419141610/https://www.tolonews.com/business/afghani-falls-against-dollar-3-month">"Afghani Falls Against Dollar By 3% In A Month"</a>. TOLOnews. 18 April 2019. Archifwyd o'r <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tolonews.com/business/afghani-falls-against-dollar-3-month">gwreiddiol</a> ar 19 April 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Cyrchwyd <span class="nowrap">28 Mai</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Afghani+Falls+Against+Dollar+By+3%25+In+A+Month&rft.date=2019-04-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tolonews.com%2Fbusiness%2Fafghani-falls-against-dollar-3-month&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AAffganistan" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bgs-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-bgs_29-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130726155518/http://www.bgs.ac.uk/AfghanMinerals/docs/Gold_A4.pdf">"Minerals in Afghanistan"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=British_Geological_Survey&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="British Geological Survey (dim tudalen ar gael)">British Geological Survey</a>. Archifwyd o'r <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bgs.ac.uk/AfghanMinerals/docs/Gold_A4.pdf#search='gold%20and%20copper%20discovered%20in%20afghanistan'">gwreiddiol</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> ar 26 Gorffennaf 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Cyrchwyd <span class="nowrap">4 December</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Minerals+in+Afghanistan&rft.pub=British+Geological+Survey&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bgs.ac.uk%2FAfghanMinerals%2Fdocs%2FGold_A4.pdf%23search%3D%27gold%2520and%2520copper%2520discovered%2520in%2520afghanistan%27&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AAffganistan" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bbcminerals-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-bbcminerals_30-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130809125352/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/10311752">"Afghans say US team found huge potential mineral wealth"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 14 Mehefin 2010. Archifwyd o'r <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/10311752">gwreiddiol</a> ar 9 Awst 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Cyrchwyd <span class="nowrap">13 Hydref</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Afghans+say+US+team+found+huge+potential+mineral+wealth&rft.date=2010-06-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2F10311752&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AAffganistan" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-WHO-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-WHO_31-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170722191648/http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/136852/1/ccsbrief_afg_en.pdf">"Afghanistan"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=World_Health_Organization&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="World Health Organization (dim tudalen ar gael)">World Health Organization</a> (WHO). Archifwyd o'r <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/136852/1/ccsbrief_afg_en.pdf">gwreiddiol</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> ar 22 Gorffennaf 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Cyrchwyd <span class="nowrap">17 Mai</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Afghanistan&rft.pub=World+Health+Organization+%28WHO%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fapps.who.int%2Firis%2Fbitstream%2F10665%2F136852%2F1%2Fccsbrief_afg_en.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AAffganistan" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-uis.unesco.org-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-uis.unesco.org_32-0">32.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-uis.unesco.org_32-1">32.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170623093810/http://uis.unesco.org/en/country/af">"Afghanistan"</a>. UNESCO. Archifwyd o'r <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://uis.unesco.org/en/country/af">gwreiddiol</a> ar 23 Mehefin 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Afghanistan&rft.pub=UNESCO&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fuis.unesco.org%2Fen%2Fcountry%2Faf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AAffganistan" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-csm-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-csm_33-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFPeter2011" class="citation news">Peter, Tom A. (17 December 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131231002243/http://news.yahoo.com/childbirth-maternal-health-improve-afghanistan-160657704.html">"Childbirth and maternal health improve in Afghanistan"</a>. <i>The Christian Science Monitor</i>. Archifwyd o'r <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.yahoo.com/childbirth-maternal-health-improve-afghanistan-160657704.html">gwreiddiol</a> ar 31 December 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Cyrchwyd <span class="nowrap">12 Ionawr</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Christian+Science+Monitor&rft.atitle=Childbirth+and+maternal+health+improve+in+Afghanistan&rft.date=2011-12-17&rft.aulast=Peter&rft.aufirst=Tom+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.yahoo.com%2Fchildbirth-maternal-health-improve-afghanistan-160657704.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AAffganistan" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-34">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190807231748/https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/pnaea825.pdf">"Afghanistan National Hospital Survey"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Afghan Ministry of Health. August 2004. Archifwyd o'r <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/pnaea825.pdf">gwreiddiol</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> ar 7 Awst 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Cyrchwyd <span class="nowrap">28 Mai</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Afghanistan+National+Hospital+Survey&rft.date=2004-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpdf.usaid.gov%2Fpdf_docs%2Fpnaea825.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AAffganistan" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-35">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFGul2019" class="citation news">Gul, Ayaz (20 April 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190423111329/https://www.voanews.com/a/pakistan-funded-afghan-hospital-begins-operations/4884454.html">"Pakistan-funded Afghan Hospital Begins Operations"</a>. <i>VOA News</i>. Archifwyd o'r <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.voanews.com/a/pakistan-funded-afghan-hospital-begins-operations/4884454.html">gwreiddiol</a> ar 23 April 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Cyrchwyd <span class="nowrap">28 Mai</span> 2019</span>. <q>It opens a new chapter in the friendship of the two countries... This is the second-largest hospital [in Afghanistan] built with your support that will serve the needy," Feroz told the gathering.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=VOA+News&rft.atitle=Pakistan-funded+Afghan+Hospital+Begins+Operations&rft.date=2019-04-20&rft.aulast=Gul&rft.aufirst=Ayaz&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.voanews.com%2Fa%2Fpakistan-funded-afghan-hospital-begins-operations%2F4884454.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AAffganistan" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Awdurdod" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th id="Awdurdod" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Awdurdod" class="mw-redirect" title="Awdurdod">Awdurdod</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/identities/lccn-n79-063030">WorldCat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virtual_International_Authority_File" class="mw-redirect" title="Virtual International Authority File">VIAF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/253870196">253870196</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n79063030">n79063030</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Name_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Name Identifier">ISNI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://isni.org/0000000121677801">0000 0001 2167 7801</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Integrated_Authority_File" class="mw-redirect" title="Integrated Authority File">GND</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://d-nb.info/gnd/4000687-6">4000687-6</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LIBRIS" title="LIBRIS">SELIBR</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//libris.kb.se/auth/138931">138931</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syst%C3%A8me_universitaire_de_documentation" title="Système universitaire de documentation">SUDOC</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.idref.fr/027944069">027944069</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France">BNF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11987818g">cb11987818g</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11987818g">(data)</a></span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Historical_Dictionary_of_Switzerland&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Historical Dictionary of Switzerland (dim tudalen ar gael)">HDS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hls-dhs-dss.ch/textes/f/F003402.php">003402</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_Australia" class="mw-redirect" title="National Library of Australia">NLA</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35001590">35001590</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Diet_Library" class="mw-redirect" title="National Diet Library">NDL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00560077">00560077</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_the_Czech_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="National Library of the Czech Republic">NKC</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ge134003&CON_LNG=ENG">ge134003</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_de_Espa%C3%B1a" title="Biblioteca Nacional de España">BNE</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX450563">XX450563</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KulturNav" title="KulturNav">KulturNav</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://kulturnav.org/language/en/a3608878-2ace-4381-8eec-1480b11b8ccc">id</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Wedi dod o "<a dir="ltr" href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Affganistan&oldid=12996323">https://cy.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Affganistan&oldid=12996323</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Arbennig:Categories" title="Arbennig:Categories">Categorïau</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categori:Affganistan" title="Categori:Affganistan">Affganistan</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categori:Aelod-wladwriaethau%27r_Cenhedloedd_Unedig" title="Categori:Aelod-wladwriaethau'r Cenhedloedd Unedig">Aelod-wladwriaethau'r Cenhedloedd Unedig</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categori:Gweriniaethau_Islamaidd" title="Categori:Gweriniaethau Islamaidd">Gweriniaethau Islamaidd</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categori:Gwledydd_Asia" title="Categori:Gwledydd Asia">Gwledydd Asia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categori:Gwledydd_Canolbarth_Asia" title="Categori:Gwledydd Canolbarth Asia">Gwledydd Canolbarth Asia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categori:Gwledydd_tirgaeedig" title="Categori:Gwledydd tirgaeedig">Gwledydd tirgaeedig</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Categori cudd: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categori:Tudalennau_gyda_meysydd_deublyg_yn_y_Nodion" title="Categori:Tudalennau gyda meysydd deublyg yn y Nodion">Tudalennau gyda meysydd deublyg yn y Nodion</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categori:CS1_errors:_dates" title="Categori:CS1 errors: dates">CS1 errors: dates</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categori:CS1_maint:_BOT:_original-url_status_unknown" title="Categori:CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown">CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categori:Erthyglau_sy%27n_defnyddio_Nodyn_Gwybodlen_lle_Wicidata" title="Categori:Erthyglau sy'n defnyddio Nodyn Gwybodlen lle Wicidata">Erthyglau sy'n defnyddio Nodyn Gwybodlen lle Wicidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categori:Wikipedia_articles_with_VIAF_identifiers" title="Categori:Wikipedia articles with VIAF identifiers">Wikipedia articles with VIAF identifiers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categori:Wikipedia_articles_with_LCCN_identifiers" title="Categori:Wikipedia articles with LCCN identifiers">Wikipedia articles with LCCN identifiers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categori:Wikipedia_articles_with_ISNI_identifiers" title="Categori:Wikipedia articles with ISNI identifiers">Wikipedia articles with ISNI identifiers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categori:Wikipedia_articles_with_GND_identifiers" title="Categori:Wikipedia articles with GND identifiers">Wikipedia articles with GND identifiers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categori:Wikipedia_articles_with_SELIBR_identifiers" title="Categori:Wikipedia articles with SELIBR identifiers">Wikipedia articles with SELIBR identifiers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categori:Wikipedia_articles_with_BNF_identifiers" title="Categori:Wikipedia articles with BNF identifiers">Wikipedia articles with BNF identifiers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categori:Wikipedia_articles_with_NLA_identifiers" title="Categori:Wikipedia articles with NLA identifiers">Wikipedia articles with NLA identifiers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categori:Pages_using_the_Kartographer_extension" title="Categori:Pages using the Kartographer extension">Pages using the Kartographer extension</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Golygwyd y dudalen hon ddiwethaf ar 6 Medi 2024, am 16:37.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Mae'r testun ar gael o dan <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License</a>; gall telerau ychwanegol fod yn berthnasol. Gweler y <a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use">Telerau Gwasanaeth</a> am fanylion.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Polisi preifatrwydd</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wicipedia:Yngl%C5%B7n_%C3%A2_Wicipedia">Ynglŷn â Wicipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wicipedia:Gwadiad_Cyffredinol">Gwadiadau</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Cod Ymddygiad</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Datblygwyr</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/cy.wikipedia.org">Ystadegau</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Datganiad cwcis</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//cy.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Affganistan&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Golwg symudol</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-7fc47fc68d-j4fgs","wgBackendResponseTime":218,"wgKartographerLiveData":{"_e27bdb69f33511d1dd5c930cd9f91da66c6b812f":[{"type":"ExternalData","service":"geoshape","url":"https://maps.wikimedia.org/geoshape?getgeojson=1\u0026ids=Q889","properties":{"title":"Affganistan","marker-symbol":"marker","stroke-width":0.5,"marker-color":"#1E90FF","fill":"#F5A9A9"}},{"type":"ExternalData","service":"geomask","url":"https://maps.wikimedia.org/geoshape?getgeojson=1\u0026ids=Q889","properties":{"title":"geomask3","marker-symbol":"marker","stroke-width":0.5,"fill-opacity":0.33,"marker-color":"#1E90FF","fill":"#FFFFE0"}},{"features":[{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":[66,33],"type":"Point"},"properties":{"marker-color":"#1E90FF","title":"Affganistan","marker-symbol":"marker"}}],"type":"FeatureCollection"}]},"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"1.081","walltime":"1.571","ppvisitednodes":{"value":23207,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":154350,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":56306,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":21,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":3,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":89292,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":3,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 1405.930 1 -total"," 63.20% 888.529 1 Nodyn:Gwybodlen_lle"," 62.20% 874.499 1 Nodyn:Infobox"," 35.04% 492.628 74 Nodyn:If_first_display_both"," 18.00% 253.046 1 Nodyn:Cyfeiriadau"," 11.60% 163.020 1 Nodyn:Asia"," 10.87% 152.892 1 Nodyn:Blwch_llywio"," 8.83% 124.162 1 Nodyn:Dylunio_map"," 6.77% 95.121 101 Nodyn:ISO-gwlad"," 5.09% 71.525 6 Nodyn:Cite_news"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.608","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":12876853,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-697b7966c5-vr6lh","timestamp":"20241126190959","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Affganistan","url":"https:\/\/cy.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Affganistan","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q889","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q889","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2004-06-01T12:17:05Z","dateModified":"2024-09-06T16:37:35Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/8\/8c\/Afghan-big.jpg"}</script> </body> </html>