CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="af" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Beginonderneming - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )afwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":[",\t."," \t,"],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""], "wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy","wgMonthNames":["","Januarie","Februarie","Maart","April","Mei","Junie","Julie","Augustus","September","Oktober","November","Desember"],"wgRequestId":"492cb8ab-8546-4e7e-822b-8979d41c8a9d","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Beginonderneming","wgTitle":"Beginonderneming","wgCurRevisionId":2700132,"wgRevisionId":2700132,"wgArticleId":303221,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["AS1-bronne in Engels (en)","AS1-onderhoud: onerkende taal","AS1-bronne in Engels (VSA) (en-us)","Artikels met NDL-identifiseerders","Normdata met 1 element","Besigheid","Firmas"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"af","wgPageContentLanguage":"af","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Beginonderneming","wgRelevantArticleId":303221,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[], "wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":true,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"af","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"af"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":60000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q129238","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE= {"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.charinsert","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface", "ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=af&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=af&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=af&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Beginonderneming - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//af.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beginonderneming"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Wysig" href="/w/index.php?title=Beginonderneming&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (af)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//af.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beginonderneming"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.af"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atoomvoer" href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:Onlangse_wysigings&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Beginonderneming rootpage-Beginonderneming skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Gaan na inhoud</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Werf"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Hoofkieslys" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Hoofkieslys</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Hoofkieslys</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">skuif na kantbalk</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">versteek</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigasie </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Tuisblad" title="Besoek die Tuisblad [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Tuisblad</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Gebruikersportaal" title="Meer oor die projek, wat jy kan doen, nuttige skakels"><span>Gebruikersportaal</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Geselshoekie" title="Agtergrondinligting oor aktuele sake"><span>Geselshoekie</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Onlangse_wysigings" title="'n Lys van onlangse wysigings [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Onlangse wysigings</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Lukraak" title="Laai 'n lukrake bladsye [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Lukrake bladsy</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Contents" title="Vind meer uit oor iets"><span>Hulp</span></a></li><li id="n-Sandput" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Sandput"><span>Sandput</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Tuisblad" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-af.svg" width="118" height="13" style="width: 7.375em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Soek" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Deursoek Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Soek</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Deursoek Wikipedia" aria-label="Deursoek Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Deursoek Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Spesiaal:Soek"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Soek</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Persoonlike gereedskap"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Voorkoms"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Voorkoms" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Voorkoms</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_af.wikipedia.org&uselang=af" class=""><span>Skenkings</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:SkepRekening&returnto=Beginonderneming" title="U word aangemoedig om 'n gebruiker te skep en aan te meld, hoewel dit nie verpligtend is nie." class=""><span>Skep gebruiker</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:Teken_in&returnto=Beginonderneming" title="U word aangemoedig om aan te meld. Dit is egter nie verpligtend nie. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Meld aan</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Meer opsies" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Persoonlike gereedskap" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Persoonlike gereedskap</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_af.wikipedia.org&uselang=af"><span>Skenkings</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:SkepRekening&returnto=Beginonderneming" title="U word aangemoedig om 'n gebruiker te skep en aan te meld, hoewel dit nie verpligtend is nie."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Skep gebruiker</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:Teken_in&returnto=Beginonderneming" title="U word aangemoedig om aan te meld. Dit is egter nie verpligtend nie. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Meld aan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Bladsye vir uitgemelde redakteurs <a href="/wiki/Hulp:Inleiding" aria-label="Leer meer oor redigering"><span>leer meer</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Mybydrae" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Bydraes</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Mybespreking" title="Bespreking oor bydraes van hierdie IP-adres [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Bespreking</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Werf"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Inhoud" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Inhoud</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">skuif na kantbalk</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">versteek</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inleiding</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Aanvanklike_aksies_nodig_vir_'n_beginonderneming" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aanvanklike_aksies_nodig_vir_'n_beginonderneming"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Aanvanklike aksies nodig vir 'n beginonderneming</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Aanvanklike_aksies_nodig_vir_'n_beginonderneming-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Wissel Aanvanklike aksies nodig vir 'n beginonderneming subafdeling</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Aanvanklike_aksies_nodig_vir_'n_beginonderneming-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ontwerpbeginsels" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ontwerpbeginsels"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Ontwerpbeginsels</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ontwerpbeginsels-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Heuristiek_en_vooroordele_in_beginondernemingaksies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Heuristiek_en_vooroordele_in_beginondernemingaksies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Heuristiek en vooroordele in beginondernemingaksies</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Heuristiek_en_vooroordele_in_beginondernemingaksies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mentorskap" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mentorskap"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Mentorskap</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mentorskap-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Beginonderneming_beginsels" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Beginonderneming_beginsels"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Beginonderneming beginsels</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Beginonderneming_beginsels-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Wissel Beginonderneming beginsels subafdeling</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Beginonderneming_beginsels-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Skraal_begin" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Skraal_begin"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Skraal begin</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Skraal_begin-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Markaanvaarding" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Markaanvaarding"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Markaanvaarding</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Markaanvaarding-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ontwerpdenke" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ontwerpdenke"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Ontwerpdenke</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ontwerpdenke-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Besluitneming_tydens_onsekerheid" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Besluitneming_tydens_onsekerheid"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Besluitneming tydens onsekerheid</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Besluitneming_tydens_onsekerheid-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Venootskappe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Venootskappe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Venootskappe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Venootskappe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Entrepreneuriese_leerprosesse" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Entrepreneuriese_leerprosesse"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>Entrepreneuriese leerprosesse</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Entrepreneuriese_leerprosesse-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Besigheidsmodelontwerp" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Besigheidsmodelontwerp"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.7</span> <span>Besigheidsmodelontwerp</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Besigheidsmodelontwerp-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Stigters_/_entrepreneurs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Stigters_/_entrepreneurs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Stigters / entrepreneurs</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Stigters_/_entrepreneurs-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Wissel Stigters / entrepreneurs subafdeling</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Stigters_/_entrepreneurs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Selfdoeltreffendheid" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Selfdoeltreffendheid"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Selfdoeltreffendheid</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Selfdoeltreffendheid-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Spanning" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Spanning"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Spanning</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Spanning-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Emosionele_uitputting" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Emosionele_uitputting"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Emosionele uitputting</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Emosionele_uitputting-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Stigter_identiteit_en_kultuur" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Stigter_identiteit_en_kultuur"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Stigter identiteit en kultuur</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Stigter_identiteit_en_kultuur-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mislukking" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mislukking"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>Mislukking</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mislukking-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Weer-begin" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Weer-begin"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5.1</span> <span>Weer-begin</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Weer-begin-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Beginonderneming_opleiding" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Beginonderneming_opleiding"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Beginonderneming opleiding</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Beginonderneming_opleiding-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Beginonderneming-ekosisteem" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Beginonderneming-ekosisteem"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Beginonderneming-ekosisteem</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Beginonderneming-ekosisteem-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Beginonderneming_investeering" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Beginonderneming_investeering"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Beginonderneming investeering</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Beginonderneming_investeering-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Wissel Beginonderneming investeering subafdeling</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Beginonderneming_investeering-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Noodsaaklikheid_van_befondsing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Noodsaaklikheid_van_befondsing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Noodsaaklikheid van befondsing</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Noodsaaklikheid_van_befondsing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Beginonderneming_waardasies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Beginonderneming_waardasies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Beginonderneming waardasies</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Beginonderneming_waardasies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Beleggingsrondes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Beleggingsrondes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>Beleggingsrondes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Beleggingsrondes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geskiedenis_van_beginonderneming_beleggings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geskiedenis_van_beginonderneming_beleggings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.4</span> <span>Geskiedenis van beginonderneming beleggings</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geskiedenis_van_beginonderneming_beleggings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Belê_aanlyn" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Belê_aanlyn"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.5</span> <span>Belê aanlyn</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Belê_aanlyn-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Interne_beginondernemings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Interne_beginondernemings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Interne beginondernemings</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Interne_beginondernemings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Eenhorings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eenhorings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Eenhorings</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eenhorings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Verwysings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Verwysings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Verwysings</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Verwysings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Inhoud" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Wissel die inhoudsopgawe" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Wissel die inhoudsopgawe</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Beginonderneming</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gaan na 'n artikel in 'n ander taal. Beskikbaar in 61 tale" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-61" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">61 tale</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%A9_%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%A6%D8%A9" title="شركة ناشئة – Arabies" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="شركة ناشئة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Startap" title="Startap – Azerbeidjans" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Startap" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbeidjans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BF" title="Стартап – Belarussies" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Стартап" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarussies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matskep%C3%A9_bikinan_anyar" title="Matskepé bikinan anyar – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Matskepé bikinan anyar" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D1%8A%D0%BF" title="Стартъп – Bulgaars" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Стартъп" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pausahaan_ukara" title="Pausahaan ukara – Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Pausahaan ukara" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC_%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B7%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="সম্ভাবনাময় নতুন ব্যবসা প্রতিষ্ঠান – Bengaals" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সম্ভাবনাময় নতুন ব্যবসা প্রতিষ্ঠান" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengaals" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empresa_emergent" title="Empresa emergent – Katalaans" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Empresa emergent" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Startup" title="Startup – Tsjeggies" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Startup" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tsjeggies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BF" title="Стартап – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Стартап" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Start-up-Unternehmen" title="Start-up-Unternehmen – Duits" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Start-up-Unternehmen" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9D%CE%B5%CE%BF%CF%86%CF%85%CE%AE%CF%82_%CE%B5%CF%80%CE%B9%CF%87%CE%B5%CE%AF%CF%81%CE%B7%CF%83%CE%B7" title="Νεοφυής επιχείρηση – Grieks" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Νεοφυής επιχείρηση" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Grieks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Startup_company" title="Startup company – Engels" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Startup company" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ekfirmao" title="Ekfirmao – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Ekfirmao" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empresa_emergente" title="Empresa emergente – Spaans" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Empresa emergente" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idufirma" title="Idufirma – Estnies" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Idufirma" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estnies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Startup" title="Startup – Baskies" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Startup" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%AA_%D9%86%D9%88%D9%BE%D8%A7" title="شرکت نوپا – Persies" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="شرکت نوپا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Startup-yritys" title="Startup-yritys – Fins" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Startup-yritys" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Fins" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Start-up" title="Start-up – Frans" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Start-up" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Frans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%97%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%96%D7%A0%D7%A7" title="חברת הזנק – Hebreeus" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="חברת הזנק" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebreeus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AA_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80" title="स्टार्टअप कंपनी – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="स्टार्टअप कंपनी" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pokretanje_male_tvrtke" title="Pokretanje male tvrtke – Kroaties" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Pokretanje male tvrtke" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroaties" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Startup" title="Startup – Hongaars" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Startup" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hongaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%A9%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A9%D5%A1%D6%83" title="Սթարթափ – Armeens" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Սթարթափ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empresa_emergente" title="Empresa emergente – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Empresa emergente" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perusahaan_rintisan" title="Perusahaan rintisan – Indonesies" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Perusahaan rintisan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sprotafyrirt%C3%A6ki" title="Sprotafyrirtæki – Yslands" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Sprotafyrirtæki" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Yslands" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Startup" title="Startup – Italiaans" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Startup" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%99%E3%83%B3%E3%83%81%E3%83%A3%E3%83%BC" title="ベンチャー – Japannees" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ベンチャー" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japannees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Startap" title="Startap – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Startap" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BF_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Стартап компания – Kazaks" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Стартап компания" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazaks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%92%E1%9E%BB%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%B7%E1%9E%85%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%85%E1%9E%90%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%98%E1%9E%B8" title="ធុរកិច្ចថ្មី – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ធុរកិច្ចថ្មី" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%8A%A4%ED%83%80%ED%8A%B8%EC%97%85_%EC%BB%B4%ED%8D%BC%EB%8B%88" title="스타트업 컴퍼니 – Koreaans" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="스타트업 컴퍼니" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Koreaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Startuolis" title="Startuolis – Litaus" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Startuolis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litaus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaunuz%C5%86%C4%93mums" title="Jaunuzņēmums – Letties" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Jaunuzņēmums" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Letties" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parusahaan_rintisan" title="Parusahaan rintisan – Minangkabaus" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Parusahaan rintisan" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabaus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BF" title="സ്റ്റാർട്ടപ്പ് കമ്പനി – Malabaars" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="സ്റ്റാർട്ടപ്പ് കമ്പനി" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malabaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%81" title="Гарааны бизнес – Mongools" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Гарааны бизнес" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syarikat_rintisan" title="Syarikat rintisan – Maleis" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Syarikat rintisan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Maleis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Start-up_(onderneming)" title="Start-up (onderneming) – Nederlands" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Start-up (onderneming)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Nederlands" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Startup_(organizacja)" title="Startup (organizacja) – Pools" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Startup (organizacja)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Startup" title="Startup – Portugees" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Startup" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Startup" title="Startup – Roemeens" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Startup" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Roemeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BF" title="Стартап – Russies" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Стартап" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BF" title="Стартап – Sakhaans" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Стартап" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Sakhaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Startup" title="Startup – Sardinies" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Startup" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Start-up_kompanija" title="Start-up kompanija – Serwo-Kroaties" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Start-up kompanija" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serwo-Kroaties" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%86%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%B7%E0%B6%9A_%E0%B7%83%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%9C%E0%B6%B8" title="ආරම්භක සමාගම – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ආරම්භක සමාගම" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Startup_company" title="Startup company – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Startup company" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Startup" title="Startup – Slowaaks" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Startup" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slowaaks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zagonsko_podjetje" title="Zagonsko podjetje – Sloweens" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Zagonsko podjetje" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloweens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BF_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%9B%D0%B5" title="Стартап предузеће – Serwies" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Стартап предузеће" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serwies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uppstartsbolag" title="Uppstartsbolag – Sweeds" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Uppstartsbolag" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Sweeds" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%88_%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%A3%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="தொடக்கநிலை வணிகம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="தொடக்கநிலை வணிகம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9F%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9F%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%80" title="స్టార్టప్ కంపెనీ – Teloegoe" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="స్టార్టప్ కంపెనీ" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Teloegoe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%88%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%99" title="วิสาหกิจเริ่มต้น – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="วิสาหกิจเริ่มต้น" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giri%C5%9Fim_%C5%9Firketi" title="Girişim şirketi – Turks" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Girişim şirketi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BF" title="Стартап – Oekraïens" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Стартап" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Oekraïens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kh%E1%BB%9Fi_nghi%E1%BB%87p" title="Khởi nghiệp – Viëtnamees" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Khởi nghiệp" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Viëtnamees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%88%9D%E5%88%9B%E4%BC%81%E4%B8%9A" title="初创企业 – Chinees" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="初创企业" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q129238#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Wysig skakels tussen tale" class="wbc-editpage">Wysig skakels</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Naamruimtes"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Beginonderneming" title="Bekyk die inhoudbladsy [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Bladsy</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Bespreking:Beginonderneming" rel="discussion" title="Bespreking oor die inhoudbladsy [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Bespreking</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Verander taalvariant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Afrikaans</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Weergawes"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Beginonderneming"><span>Lees</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beginonderneming&veaction=edit" title="Redigeer hierdie bladsy [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Wysig</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beginonderneming&action=edit" title="Wysig die bladsy se bonkode [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Wysig bron</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beginonderneming&action=history" title="Ouer weergawes van hierdie bladsy [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Wys geskiedenis</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Gereedskap" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Gereedskap</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Gereedskap</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">skuif na kantbalk</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">versteek</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Beginonderneming"><span>Lees</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beginonderneming&veaction=edit" title="Redigeer hierdie bladsy [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Wysig</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beginonderneming&action=edit" title="Wysig die bladsy se bonkode [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Wysig bron</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beginonderneming&action=history"><span>Wys geskiedenis</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Algemeen </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Skakels_hierheen/Beginonderneming" title="'n Lys bladsye wat hierheen skakel [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Skakels hierheen</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:OnlangseVeranderingsMetSkakels/Beginonderneming" rel="nofollow" title="Onlangse wysigings aan bladsye wat vanaf hierdie bladsy geskakel is [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Verwante veranderings</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Spesiale_bladsye" title="'n Lys van al die spesiale bladsye [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Spesiale bladsye</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beginonderneming&oldid=2700132" title="'n Permanente skakel na hierdie weergawe van die bladsy"><span>Permanente skakel</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beginonderneming&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Bladinligting</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:CiteThisPage&page=Beginonderneming&id=2700132&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Inligting oor hoe u hierdie bladsy kan verwys"><span>Haal dié blad aan</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Faf.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FBeginonderneming"><span>Kry verkorte URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Faf.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FBeginonderneming"><span>Laai QR-kode af</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Druk/uitvoer </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:Boek&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Beginonderneming"><span>Skep boek</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:DownloadAsPdf&page=Beginonderneming&action=show-download-screen"><span>Laai af as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beginonderneming&printable=yes" title="Drukbare weergawe van hierdie bladsy [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Drukbare weergawe</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Ander projekte </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Startup_companies" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q129238" title="Skakel na gekonnekteerde databank item [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata-item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Voorkoms"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Voorkoms</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">skuif na kantbalk</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">versteek</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">in Wikipedia, die vrye ensiklopedie</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="af" dir="ltr"><p>'n <b>Beginonderneming</b>, <b>aanvangsonderneming</b>, <b>loodsonderneming</b> of <b>beginmaatskappy</b> (<a href="/wiki/Engels" title="Engels">Engels</a>: <i>startup</i>) is 'n onderneming (soms 'n projek) wat deur 'n <a href="/wiki/Entrepreneur" class="mw-redirect" title="Entrepreneur">entrepreneur</a> geïnisieer is om 'n skaalbare <a href="/wiki/Sakemodel" title="Sakemodel">sakemodel</a> te soek, effektief te ontwikkel en te implementeer.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-moves_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-moves-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Terwyl entrepreneurskap verwys na alle nuwe ondernemings, insluitend selfwerkskepping en ondernemings wat nooit van plan is om geregistreer te word nie, verwys beginondernemings na die nuwe ondernemings wat van voorneme is om groter te word as die solo-stigter.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Beginondernemings staar 'n groot onsekerheid in die gesig<sup id="cite_ref-:4_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> en het hoë mislukkingsyfers, maar 'n minderheid van hulle is wel suksesvol en invloedryk.<sup id="cite_ref-Griffith2014_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Griffith2014-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sommige ondernemings word <a href="/wiki/Eenhoring_(finansies)" title="Eenhoring (finansies)">eenhorings</a>, dit wil sê private ondernemings wat se waardering meer as VS $ 1 miljard beloop. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Aanvanklike_aksies_nodig_vir_'n_beginonderneming"><span id="Aanvanklike_aksies_nodig_vir_.27n_beginonderneming"></span>Aanvanklike aksies nodig vir 'n beginonderneming</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beginonderneming&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Wysig afdeling: Aanvanklike aksies nodig vir 'n beginonderneming" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beginonderneming&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Aanvanklike aksies nodig vir 'n beginonderneming"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Beginondernemings word gewoonlik begin deur 'n stigter (solo-stigter) of mede-stigters wat 'n benadering ontwikkel het om 'n probleem op te los. Die stigter van 'n beginonderneming begin met die ondersoek van die mark deur probleemonderhoude, oplossingsonderhoude en die opbou van 'n minimum lewensvatbare produk (MVP), dit wil sê 'n <a href="/wiki/Prototipe" title="Prototipe">prototipe</a>, om hul <a href="/wiki/Sakemodel" title="Sakemodel">sakemodelle</a> te ontwikkel en te bevestig. Die aanvangsproses kan 'n lang tyd duur (volgens sommige ramings, drie jaar of langer), en daarom is volgehoue inspanning nodig. Om 'n langtermynpoging te handhaaf is veral uitdagend vanweë die hoë mislukkingsyfers en onsekere uitkomste.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ontwerpbeginsels">Ontwerpbeginsels</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beginonderneming&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Wysig afdeling: Ontwerpbeginsels" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beginonderneming&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Ontwerpbeginsels"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Modelle agter beginondernemings word gewoonlik geassosieer met die ontwerpwetenskap. Ontwerpwetenskap gebruik ontwerpbeginsels wat beskou word as 'n samehangende stel normatiewe idees en voorstelle om die <a href="/wiki/Maatskappy" title="Maatskappy">maatskappy</a> se raamwerk te ontwerp en te konstrueer.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Byvoorbeeld, een van die aanvanklike ontwerpbeginsels is "bekostigbare verlies".<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Dit is beter om eerstens 'n "moet-hê" vir 'n klein aantal gebruikers (vroeë aannemers) te maak as om 'n "lekker om te-hê" vir 'n groot aantal gebruikers te maak. Dit is baie makliker om meer gebruikers te kry as om van 'n "lekker om te-hê" te ontwikkel in 'n "moet-hê". </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Heuristiek_en_vooroordele_in_beginondernemingaksies">Heuristiek en vooroordele in beginondernemingaksies</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beginonderneming&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Wysig afdeling: Heuristiek en vooroordele in beginondernemingaksies" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beginonderneming&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Heuristiek en vooroordele in beginondernemingaksies"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As gevolg van die gebrek aan <a href="/wiki/Inligting" title="Inligting">inligting</a>, hoë vlakke van onsekerheid, die behoefte om vinnig besluite te neem, gebruik stigters van beginondernemings baie <a href="/wiki/Heuristiek" title="Heuristiek">heuristiese</a> metodes en toon sodoende vooroordele in hul beginondernemingaksies. Vooroordele en heuristiese metodes is deel van ons kognitiewe gereedskapkaste tydens die besluitnemingsproses en dit help ons om so vinnig as moontlik tydens omstandighede van onsekerheid te besluit, maar dit kan soms verkeerd en foutief raak.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Entrepreneurs raak dikwels nie net selfversekerd oor hul nuwe ondernemings nie, maar ook oor hul persoonlike invloed op die uitkoms (geval van die illusie van beheer). Entrepreneurs is geneig om te glo dat hulle 'n groter mate van beheer oor gebeure het, wat die rol van geluk verminder. Hieronder is 'n paar van die belangrikste vooroordele van ondernemers om 'n nuwe onderneming te begin.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Oorselfvertroue-effek: Neem 'n subjektiewe sekerheids posisie in, hoër as die objektiewe akkuraatheid.</li> <li>Illusie van beheer: Beklemtoon die teenwoordige vaardighede, in plaas van geluk, en prestasie verbetering.</li> <li>Die wet van klein getalle: Gebruik 'n beperkte steekproef tot om tot 'n gevolgtrekkings oor 'n groter bevolking te kom.</li> <li>Vooroordeel oor beskikbaarheid: Maak 'n oordeel oor die waarskynlikheid van gebeure op grond van hoe maklik dit is om aan voorbeelde te dink.</li> <li>Toename van toewyding: Volhard onbehoorlik met onsuksesvolle inisiatiewe of aksies.</li></ul> <p>Beginondernemings gebruik 'n aantal aksiebeginsels (soos skraal begin) om so gou as moontlik bewyse te genereer om die nadeeleffek van beslissingsvooroordele te verminder, soos 'n toename in toewyding, te veel vertroue en die illusie van beheer. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mentorskap">Mentorskap</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beginonderneming&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Wysig afdeling: Mentorskap" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beginonderneming&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Mentorskap"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Baie ondernemers soek terugvoering van mentors in hul nuwe ondernemings. Mentors begelei stigters en gee ondernemingsvaardighede en kan die effektiwiteit van die ontluikende entrepreneurs verhoog.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mentorskap bied rigting aan ondernemers met die doel om hul kennis oor die verbetering van hul bates ten opsigte van hul status en <a href="/wiki/Identiteit" title="Identiteit">identiteit</a> te verbeter, tesame met die verbetering van hul teenwoordigetyd vaardighede.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Beginonderneming_beginsels">Beginonderneming beginsels</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beginonderneming&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Wysig afdeling: Beginonderneming beginsels" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beginonderneming&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Beginonderneming beginsels"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Daar is baie beginsels om 'n beginonderneming te skep. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Skraal_begin">Skraal begin</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beginonderneming&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Wysig afdeling: Skraal begin" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beginonderneming&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Skraal begin"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Sirkel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/af/thumb/b/b6/Sirkel.jpg/220px-Sirkel.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/af/thumb/b/b6/Sirkel.jpg/330px-Sirkel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/af/thumb/b/b6/Sirkel.jpg/440px-Sirkel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="720" /></a><figcaption>Bou-Meet-Leer-Sirkel</figcaption></figure> <p>Skraal begin is 'n gewilde stel beginsels om beginonderneming te skep en te ontwerp met beperkte hulpbronne en geweldige onsekerheid om hul ondernemings meer buigsaam en teen laer koste uit te bou. Dit is gebaseer op die idee dat entrepreneurs hul implisiete aannames oor hoe hul onderneming suksesvol kan wees eksplisiet kan uitvoer en <a href="/wiki/Empiries" title="Empiries">empiries</a> toets.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Die empiriese toetse is om hierdie aannames te bevestig (of ontken) en om 'n deeglike begrip van die sakemodel van die nuwe ondernemings te ontwikkwikel. Sodoende word die nuwe ondernemings ontwikkel deur 'n "bou-meet-leer-sirkel". Skraal begin is dus 'n stel beginsels vir entrepreneuriese leer en ontwerp van die sakemodel. Meer presies, dit is 'n stel ontwerpbeginsels wat op 'n empiriese manier met iteratiewe ervaringsleer onder omstandighede van onsekerheid gerig is. Skraal begin fokus gewoonlik op 'n paar maer beginsels: </p> <ul><li>'n Probleem wat die moeite werd is om op te los, definieer dan 'n oplossing.</li> <li>Neem vroeë aannemers in vir markbevestigingtoetse.</li> <li>Doen voortdurend toetse met kleiner, vinniger weergawes.</li> <li>Bou 'n funksie, meet die terugvoer van die kliënt en verifieer / weerlê die idee.</li> <li>Bewysgebaseerde besluite oor wanneer om te "draai" deur die plan te verander.</li> <li>Maksimeer die pogings vir spoed, leer en fokus.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Markaanvaarding">Markaanvaarding</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beginonderneming&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Wysig afdeling: Markaanvaarding" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beginonderneming&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Markaanvaarding"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>'n Belangrike beginsel vir 'n beginonderneming is om die markbehoefte te bevestig voordat 'n kliëntgerigte produk of diens gelewer word om besigheidsidees met 'n swak vraag te vermy. Mark bevestiging kan gedoen word op talle maniere insluitende meningsopnames, oproepe, <a href="/wiki/E-pos" title="E-pos">e-pos</a> versoeke of deur middel van steekproefnavorsing. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ontwerpdenke">Ontwerpdenke</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beginonderneming&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Wysig afdeling: Ontwerpdenke" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beginonderneming&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Ontwerpdenke"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ontwerpdenke word gebruik om die behoeftes van die klante op 'n betekenisvolle manier te verstaan. Ontwerpdenke en kliëntontwikkeling kan bevooroordeeld wees omdat dit nie die risiko van partydigheid verwyder nie, omdat dieselfde vooroordele sigbaar sal wees in die inligtingsbronne, die tipe inligting wat gesoek word en die interpretasie van die inligting. Om mense aan te moedig om 'die teenoorgestelde' te oorweeg van watter besluit hulle ook al gaan neem, is geneig om vooroordele soos oorvertroue, die terugskou vooroordeel en verankering te verminder (Larrick, 2004; Mussweiler, Strack, & Pfeiffer, 2000). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Besluitneming_tydens_onsekerheid">Besluitneming tydens onsekerheid</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beginonderneming&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Wysig afdeling: Besluitneming tydens onsekerheid" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beginonderneming&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Besluitneming tydens onsekerheid"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 'n beginonderneming word baie besluite onder onsekere omstandighede geneem<sup id="cite_ref-:4_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> en daarom is die sleutelbeginsels vir die beginonderneming behendigheid en buigsaamheid. Stigters kan opsies insluit om beginonderneming op 'n buigsame manier te ontwerp, sodat die nuwe ondernemings in die toekoms maklik kan verander. </p><p>Onsekerheid kan wissel tussen in-persoon (ek voel hierdie jaar meer onseker as verlede jaar) en tussen-persoon (hy voel meer onseker as sy). In 'n studie is bevind dat wanneer entrepeneurs meer onseker voel, hulle meer geleenthede identifiseer (verskil tussen in-persone), maar entrepreneurs wat meer onsekerhede ervaar as ander, identifiseer nie meer geleenthede as ander nie (geen verskil tussen persone nie).<sup id="cite_ref-:4_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Venootskappe">Venootskappe</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beginonderneming&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Wysig afdeling: Venootskappe" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beginonderneming&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Venootskappe"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Beginondernemings kan <a href="/wiki/Vennootskap" title="Vennootskap">vennootskappe</a> met ander firmas vorm om hul sakemodel in staat te stel om te funksioneer.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Om nuwe ondernemings aantreklik te maak, moet ondernemings hul interne funksies, soos bestuurstyl en produkte, in lyn bring met die marksituasie. In hul 2013-studie ontwikkel Kask en Linton twee ideale profiele, of ook bekend as konfigurasies of argetipes, vir beginondernemings wat uitvindings kommersialiseer. Die erfenisprofiel vra vir 'n bestuurstyl wat nie te ondernemend is nie (meer konserwatief) en die aanvang van 'n inkrementele uitvindsel (volgens 'n vorige standaard). Hierdie profiel is meer suksesvol (om 'n sakevennoot te vind) in 'n mark wat 'n dominante ontwerp het ('n duidelike standaard word in hierdie mark toegepas). In teenstelling met hierdie profiel, is die skepper wat 'n bestuurstyl het wat baie ondernemend is en waarin 'n radikale uitvinding of 'n ontwrigtende innovasie (totaal nuwe standaard) ontwikkel word. Hierdie profiel is meer suksesvol (om 'n sakevennoot te vind) in 'n mark wat nie oorheersend is nie (geen gevestigde standaard). Nuwe ondernemings moet hulself in lyn bring met een van die profiele wanneer hulle 'n uitvinding kommersialiseer om 'n sakevennoot te vind en aantreklik te wees. Deur 'n sakevennoot te vind, het 'n nuwe onderneming 'n groter kans om suksesvol te wees.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Beginondernemings het gewoonlik baie verskillende vennote nodig om hul sake-idee te verwesenlik. Die kommersialiseringsproses is dikwels 'n hobbelrige pad met iterasies en nuwe insigte tydens die proses. Hasche en Linton (2018)<sup id="cite_ref-:3_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> argumenteer dat beginondernemings uit hul verhoudings met ander firmas kan leer, en selfs as die verhouding eindig, kan die onderneming waardevolle kennis opgedoen het oor hoe dit moet aangaan. As 'n verhouding skeefloop, moet veranderings aangebring word. Drie tipes veranderinge kan volgens Hasche en Linton (2018) geïdentifiseer word:<sup id="cite_ref-:3_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Verandering van besigheidskonsep vir die beginbesigheid.</li> <li>Verandering van samewerkingskonstellasie (verander verskillende verhoudings)</li> <li>Verandering van aard van sakeverhoudinge (met die venoot, byvoorbeeld van 'n transaksie-verhouding na 'n meer samewerkende tipe verhouding).</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Entrepreneuriese_leerprosesse">Entrepreneuriese leerprosesse</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beginonderneming&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Wysig afdeling: Entrepreneuriese leerprosesse" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beginonderneming&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section's source code: Entrepreneuriese leerprosesse"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Beginondernemings moet vinnig leer voordat hulle hulpbronne opraak.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Proaktiewe aksies (eksperimentering, soektogte, ens.) bevorder 'n stigter se kennis om 'n onderneming te begin. Om die <a href="/wiki/Leerproses" title="Leerproses">leerproses</a> effektief te bestuur, formuleer stigters vervalsbare <a href="/wiki/Hipotese" title="Hipotese">hipoteses</a>, bou 'n minimum lewensvatbare produk (MVP) en doen A / B-toetse. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Besigheidsmodelontwerp">Besigheidsmodelontwerp</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beginonderneming&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Wysig afdeling: Besigheidsmodelontwerp" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beginonderneming&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section's source code: Besigheidsmodelontwerp"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Stigters kan 'n sakemodel ontwerp gebaseer op die belangrikste lesse uit markbevestiging, ontwerpdenke en skraal begin. Dit is egter belangrik om nie te vroeg in die sakemodelle in te gaan voordat daar voldoende geleer is oor die bevestiging van die mark is nie. Paul Graham het gesê: "Wat ek aan stigters sê, is om nie te bekommerd te wees oor die sakemodel nie. Die belangrikste taak is aanvanklik om iets te bou wat mense wil hê. As u dit nie doen nie, maak dit nie saak hoe slim jou besigheid model is nie."<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Stigters_/_entrepreneurs"><span id="Stigters_.2F_entrepreneurs"></span>Stigters / entrepreneurs</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beginonderneming&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Wysig afdeling: Stigters / entrepreneurs" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beginonderneming&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section's source code: Stigters / entrepreneurs"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Stigters of medestigters is mense wat betrokke is by die aanvanklike bekendstelling van beginondernemings. Enigiemand kan 'n medestigter wees, en 'n bestaande maatskappy kan ook 'n medestigter wees, maar die mees algemene medestigters is stigter-uitvoerende hoofde, <a href="/wiki/Ingenieur" class="mw-redirect" title="Ingenieur">ingenieurs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kuberkraker" title="Kuberkraker">kuberkrakers</a>, webontwikkelaars, webontwerpers en ander wat op die grondvlak van 'n nuwe, dikwels waagstuk onderneming. Die stigter wat verantwoordelik is vir die algemene strategie van die beginonderneming, speel die rol van stigter-uitvoerende hoof, net soos uitvoerende hoofde in gevestigde firmas. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Selfdoeltreffendheid">Selfdoeltreffendheid</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beginonderneming&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Wysig afdeling: Selfdoeltreffendheid" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beginonderneming&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section's source code: Selfdoeltreffendheid"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Selfdoeltreffendheid verwys na die vertroue wat 'n individu het om 'n nuwe onderneming of nuwe onderneming te begin. Dit het 'n sterk verband met beginondernemingaksies.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Entrepreneurs se gevoel van selfdoeltreffendheid kan 'n groot rol speel in die manier waarop hulle doelwitte, take en uitdagings benader. Entrepreneurs met 'n hoë selfdoeltreffendheid – dit wil sê diegene wat glo dat hulle goed kan presteer – beskou moeilike take as iets wat hulle moet bemeester eerder as iets wat hulle moet vermy. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Spanning">Spanning</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beginonderneming&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Wysig afdeling: Spanning" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beginonderneming&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section's source code: Spanning"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Entrepreneurs voel dikwels gespanne. Hulle ervaar interne en eksterne druk. Intern moet hulle sperdatums nakom om die prototipes te ontwikkel en die produk of diens gereed te kry vir die mark. Ekstern word verwag dat hulle mylpale van beleggers en ander belanghebbendes sal haal om voortgesette hulpbronne van hulle af te verseker.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Die hantering van stres is baie belangrik vir entrepreneurs as gevolg van die stresvolle aard van die oprigting van 'n nuwe onderneming onder onsekerheid. As 'n persoon onsuksesvol met stres omgaan, kan dit tot emosionele uitputting lei, en die stigters kan die beginonderneming sluit of verlaat. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Emosionele_uitputting">Emosionele uitputting</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beginonderneming&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Wysig afdeling: Emosionele uitputting" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beginonderneming&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section's source code: Emosionele uitputting"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Daar is volgehoue inspanning nodig, aangesien die aanvangsproses 'n lang periode van drie jaar of langer kan duur (Carter et al., 1996; Reynolds & Miller, 1992). Om langtermynpoging te handhaaf, is veral uitdagend vanweë die hoë mislukkingsyfers en onsekere uitkomste.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Stigter_identiteit_en_kultuur">Stigter identiteit en kultuur</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beginonderneming&veaction=edit&section=17" title="Wysig afdeling: Stigter identiteit en kultuur" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beginonderneming&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section's source code: Stigter identiteit en kultuur"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sommige stigters het 'n meer gemaklike of onkonvesionele houding oor hul <a href="/wiki/Kleredrag" class="mw-redirect" title="Kleredrag">kleredrag</a>, kantoorruimte en <a href="/wiki/Bemarking" title="Bemarking">bemarking</a>, in vergelyking met bestuurders in gevestigde ondernemings. As 'n voorbeeld kon werkers van beginondernemings in die 2010's mag <a href="/wiki/Kappietrui" title="Kappietrui">kappietruie</a>, seilskoene en ander gemaklike klere na sakebyeenkomste dra. Hul kantore het soms ook ontspanningsfasiliteite, soos pooltafels, <a href="/wiki/Tafeltennis" title="Tafeltennis">tafeltennistafels</a>, sokkertafels en spykerbaltafels, wat gebruik word om 'n vermaaklike werksomgewing te skep, groep-ontwikkeling en spangees te stimuleer en <a href="/wiki/Kreatiwiteit" title="Kreatiwiteit">kreatiwiteit</a> aan te moedig. Sommige van die informele benaderings, soos die gebruik van 'plat' organisasiestrukture, waarin junior werknemers informeel met die stigters en hoof uitvoerende beamptes kan gesels, word gedoen om doeltreffendheid in die werkplek te bevorder, wat nodig is om hul besigheid van die grond af te kry.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>In 'n studie uit 1960 het Douglas McGregor benadruk dat straf en beloning vir eenvormigheid in die werkplek nie nodig is nie, omdat sommige mense gebore word met die <a href="/wiki/Motivering" title="Motivering">motivering</a> om sonder <a href="/wiki/Aansporing" title="Aansporing">aansporings</a> te werk.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sommige beginondernemings gebruik nie 'n streng hiërargiese struktuur met uitvoerende beamptes, bestuurders, toesighouers en werknemers nie. Sommige beginondernemings bied werknemers aansporings soos aandele-opsies om hul "inkoop" vanaf die begin te verhoog (aangesien hierdie werknemers baie kan verdien as die onderneming goed doen). Deur die verwydering van stressors kan die werkers en navorsers in die begin minder fokus op die werksomgewing rondom hulle, en meer op die uitvoering van die taak wat op hande is, wat hulle die potensiaal gee om iets groots vir hulself en hul onderneming te bereik. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mislukking">Mislukking</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beginonderneming&veaction=edit&section=18" title="Wysig afdeling: Mislukking" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beginonderneming&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section's source code: Mislukking"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Die mislukkingsyfer van beginondernemings is baie hoog. In 'n artikel in 2014 in <i>Fortune</i> word beraam dat 90% van beginondernemings uiteindelik misluk. In 'n steekproef van 101 onsuksesvolle ondernemings, was die vyf belangrikste faktore in die mislukking; 'n gebrek aan die belangstelling van die verbruiker in die produk of diens (42% van die mislukkings); befondsings- of kontantprobleme (29%); personeel- of personeelprobleme (23%); mededinging van ander ondernemings (19%); en probleme met die prys van die produk of diens (18%); meer as een faktor kan aangehaal word as 'n oorsaak van mislukking, dus hierdie getalle is meer as 100%.<sup id="cite_ref-Griffith2014_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Griffith2014-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In die geval van finansieringsprobleme kan dit werknemers sonder salarisse laat. Soms word hierdie ondernemings deur ander ondernemings aangekoop as dit lewensvatbaar geag word, maar dikwels laat hulle werknemers met baie min geleentheid om die verlore inkomste vir gewerkte tyd in te vorder.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Weer-begin">Weer-begin</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beginonderneming&veaction=edit&section=19" title="Wysig afdeling: Weer-begin" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beginonderneming&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section's source code: Weer-begin"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mislukte ondernemers, of her-beginners, wat na 'n geruime tyd weer in dieselfde sektor met min of meer dieselfde aktiwiteite begin, het 'n groter kans om 'n beter entrepreneur te word.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sommige studies dui egter daarop dat weer-beginners meer ontmoedig word in <a href="/wiki/Europa" title="Europa">Europa</a> as in die VSA.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Beginonderneming_opleiding">Beginonderneming opleiding</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beginonderneming&veaction=edit&section=20" title="Wysig afdeling: Beginonderneming opleiding" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beginonderneming&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section's source code: Beginonderneming opleiding"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Baie instellings en <a href="/wiki/Universiteit" title="Universiteit">universiteite</a> bied opleiding vir beginonderneming aan. In die konteks van universiteite is sommige van die kursusse entrepreneurskursusse wat ook oor die onderwerp van beginondernemings handel, terwyl ander kursusse spesifiek aan beginondernemings toegewy is. Beginondernemingkursusse word gevind in sowel tradisionele ekonomiese as bedryfsdissiplines, sowel as aan die kant van <a href="/wiki/Inligtingstegnologie" title="Inligtingstegnologie">inligtingstegnologie</a>-dissiplines. Aangesien beginondernemings dikwels op <a href="/wiki/Sagteware" title="Sagteware">sagteware</a> gefokus word, word dit ook af en toe aangebied, terwyl hulle fokus op sagteware-ontwikkeling saam met die besigheidsaspekte van 'n beginonderneming.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i>Die beste manier om oor enigiets te leer, is om te doen. - <a href="/wiki/Richard_Branson" title="Richard Branson">Richard Branson</a></i> </p><p>Stigters gaan baie deur baie om 'n beginonderneming op die been te bring. 'n Beginonderneming moet geduld en veerkragtigheid aan die dag lê, en opleidingsprogramme moet sowel die sakekomponente as die sielkundige komponente insluit.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>Ondernemingsopleiding is effektief om die houdings van ondernemers en gedragsbeheer te verbeter,<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> om mense en hul ondernemings te laat groei.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Die meeste beginondernemingopleiding val in die modus van ervaringsleer (Cooper et al., 2004; Pittaway en Cope, 2007), waarin studente in 'n groot mate blootgestel word aan 'n werklike konteks van entrepreneurskap as nuwe ondernemingspanne (Wu et al. ., 2009).<sup id="cite_ref-:5_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 'n Voorbeeld van groepgebaseerde ervarings-beginondernemingopleiding is die <i>Lean LaunchPad-</i>inisiatief wat die beginsels van kliëntontwikkeling (Blank en Dorf, 2012) en <i>Lean Startup</i> (Ries, 2011) toepas op tegnologie-gebaseerde beginprojekte. </p><p>Aangesien daar gewoonlik aanvaar word dat met beginondernemings 'n noemenswaardige gebrek aan hulpbronne het,<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> min of geen bedryfsgeskiedenis het nie,<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> en om uit individue met min praktiese ervaring te bestaan,<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is dit moontlik om beginondernemings in 'n klaskamer met redelike akkuraatheid te simuleer. In werklikheid is dit nie ongewoon dat studente tydens en na hul studies daadwerklik aan werklike beginonderneming vestiging deelneem nie. Op soortgelyke wyse, het universiteitskursusse wat sagteware-beginondernemingtemas aanbied, studente gereeld prototipe ondernemings tydens die kursusse gevind en hulle aangemoedig om hulle tot 'n regte begin te ontwikkel as hulle dit sou wou doen.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sulke "voorbeeld" beginondernemings is egter miskien nie voldoende om die praktyk van die werklike wêreld akkuraat te simuleer as die uitdagings wat tipiese beginondernemings in die gesig staar nie (bv. 'n gebrek aan finansiering om aan te hou werk) nie in die kursusomgewing aanwesig is nie.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Tot op hede is baie van die ondernemingsopleiding verpersoonlik om by die deelnemers en die opleiding aan te pas. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Beginonderneming-ekosisteem">Beginonderneming-ekosisteem</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beginonderneming&veaction=edit&section=21" title="Wysig afdeling: Beginonderneming-ekosisteem" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beginonderneming&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section's source code: Beginonderneming-ekosisteem"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:EkologieStelsel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/af/thumb/d/d8/EkologieStelsel.jpg/220px-EkologieStelsel.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/af/thumb/d/d8/EkologieStelsel.jpg/330px-EkologieStelsel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/af/thumb/d/d8/EkologieStelsel.jpg/440px-EkologieStelsel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="720" /></a><figcaption>'n Beginonderneming-ekosisteem kan bydra tot die plaaslike entrepreneurskultuur.</figcaption></figure> <p>Die grootte en volwassenheid van die beginonderneming-ekosisteem is waar 'n beginonderneming van stapel gestuur word en waar dit groei om 'n invloed op die groote en sukses van die beginondernemings te hê. Die beginonderneming-ekosisteem bestaan uit die individue (entrepreneurs, waagkapitaliste, engelbeleggers, mentors, adviseurs); instellings en organisasies (navorsingsuniversiteite en institute, bestuurskole en entrepreneurskapprogramme en sentrums wat deur universiteite en kolleges bedryf word, nie-winsgewende organisasies wat steun bied aan beginondernemings, regerings entreperneurskap programme en dienste, sakekamers) besigheidsinkubators en besigheidsversnellers en presterende entrepreneuriese ondernemings. 'n Streek met al hierdie elemente word beskou as voorsiening van 'n sterk ekosisteem vir beginondernemings. Een van die beroemdste ekosisteme is <a href="/w/index.php?title=Silicon_Valley&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Silicon Valley (bladsy bestaan nie)">Silicon Valley</a> in <a href="/wiki/Kaliforni%C3%AB" title="Kalifornië">Kalifornië</a>, waar groot rekenaar- en internetondernemings en universiteite soos die Stanford-universiteit 'n stimulerende omgewing skep, <a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a> (waar Massachusetts Institute of Technology geleë is) en <a href="/wiki/Berlyn" title="Berlyn">Berlyn</a>, die tuiste van WISTA ('n uitmuntende navorsingsgebied), talle kreatiewe bedrywe, toonaangewende ondernemers en beginondernemings. </p><p>Alhoewel daar in alle soorte beginonderneming besighede geskep word, en oor die hele wêreld word sommige liggings en sakesektore veral geassosieer met besginondernemings. Die internetborrel van die laat negentigerjare het verband gehou met 'n groot aantal internetondernemings, waarvan sommige die tegnologie verkoop om internettoegang te bied, terwyl ander die <a href="/wiki/Internet" title="Internet">internet</a> gebruik om dienste te lewer. Die meeste van hierdie aanvangsaktiwiteite is in die bekendste ekosisteem in Silicon Valley, 'n gebied in die noorde van Kalifornië, bekend vir die hoë beginondernemingaktiwiteit: </p><p>Die vonk wat die ontploffende oplewing van "Silicon Valley beginondernemings" in Stanford Industrial Park veroorsaak het, was 'n persoonlike geskil in 1957 tussen werknemers van Shockley Semiconductor met die maatskappy stigter, Nobelpryswenner en mede-uitvinder van die <a href="/wiki/Transistor" title="Transistor">transistor</a> <a href="/wiki/William_Shockley" title="William Shockley">William Shockley</a> … ( Sy werknemers) het Fairchild Semiconductor gevorm onmiddellik na hul vertrek … Na 'n paar jaar het Fairchild sy vasttrapplek gekry en 'n formidabele teenwoordigheid in hierdie sektor geword. Die stigterslede het begin om ondernemings te begin op grond van hul eie nuutste idees en is op hierdie pad gevolg deur hul eie voormalige vooraanstaande werknemers … Die proses het momentum gekry en wat vroeër in 'n Stanford-navorsingspark begin is, het 'n ware beginonderneming-lawine geword … Slegs agt van Shockley se voormalige werknemers het in die loop van slegs twintig jaar 65 nuwe ondernemings opgelewer, wat toe dieselfde gedoen het …<sup id="cite_ref-Gregory_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gregory-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Voorstanders van beginbesighede probeer ook om 'n gemeenskap van tegniese beginbesighede in <a href="/wiki/New_York_Stad" class="mw-redirect" title="New York Stad">New York Stad</a> te bou met organisasies soos NY Tech Meet Up<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> en Built in NYC.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In die vroeë 2000's is die patente-bates van mislukte beginbesighede aangekoop deur mense bekend as patent-trolle, wat die <a href="/wiki/Patent" title="Patent">patente</a> regte uitvoer teen ondernemings wat moontlik die inbreuk maak op die tegnologie wat deur die patente beskerm word.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Beginonderneming_investeering">Beginonderneming investeering</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beginonderneming&veaction=edit&section=22" title="Wysig afdeling: Beginonderneming investeering" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beginonderneming&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section's source code: Beginonderneming investeering"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Beginondernemingbeleggings is die aksie om 'n belegging in 'n vroeë-fase van 'n beginonderneming te maak. Behalwe die bydraes van die stigters, benodig sommige ondernemings bykomende beleggings in een of meer stadiums van hul groei. Nie alle beginonderneming wat beleggings wil bekom, is suksesvol met hul fondsinsameling nie. </p><p>In die <a href="/wiki/Verenigde_State" class="mw-redirect" title="Verenigde State">Verenigde State</a> het die verkryging van fondse makliker geword vir beginondernemings as gevolg van die JOBS Act.<sup id="cite_ref-[[The_Wall_Street_Journal]]_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-[[The_Wall_Street_Journal]]-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Financial_Times_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Financial_Times-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Bloomberg_Businessweek1_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bloomberg_Businessweek1-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Bloomberg_Businessweek2_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bloomberg_Businessweek2-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Voor die koms van aandele-groepbefondsing, 'n vorm van aanlynbeleggings wat in verskeie lande gewettig is, het die beginondernemings hulself nie as beleggingsgeleenthede aan die algemene publiek geadverteer nie, tensy hulle eers toestemming gekry het deur die reguleerders vir 'n aanvanklike openbare aanbod (<a href="/wiki/Engels" title="Engels">Engels</a>: <i>IPO</i>) wat tipies 'n notering van die aandele van die beginmaatskappy op 'n <a href="/wiki/Aandelebeurs" title="Aandelebeurs">aandelebeurs</a> behels. Daar is deesdae baie alternatiewe vorme van IPOs wat algemeen gebruik word deur beginondernemings wat nie 'n beursnotering insluit nie, sodat hulle sekere verpligtinge van die regulatoriese nakoming kan vermy, insluitend verpligte periodieke openbaarmakings van finansiële inligting en feitelike besprekings van sakevoorwaardes deur die bestuur deur beleggers en potensiële beleggers ontvang gereeld van geregistreerde openbare ondernemings.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Beleggers is oor die algemeen die meeste aangetrokke tot die nuwe ondernemings wat hul met 'n sterk mede-stigterspan onderskei, 'n gebalanseerde '<a href="/wiki/Risiko" title="Risiko">risiko</a> / beloning'-profiel (waarin 'n hoë risiko as gevolg van die ongetoetste, ontwrigtende innovasies gebalanseer word deur hoë potensiële opbrengste) en' skaalbaarheid ' (die waarskynlikheid dat 'n onderneming sy bedrywighede kan uitbrei deur meer markte of meer kliënte te bedien). Aantreklike beginondernemings het gewoonlik laer "<i>bootstrapping</i>" (selffinansiering van ondernemings deur die stigters) se koste, hoër risiko en 'n hoër potensiële opbrengs op belegging. Suksesvolle beginondernemings is tipies meer skaalbaar as 'n gevestigde onderneming, in die sin dat die onderneming die potensiaal het om vinnig te groei met 'n beperkte belegging van <a href="/wiki/Kapitaal_(ekonomie)" title="Kapitaal (ekonomie)">kapitaal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arbeid" title="Arbeid">arbeid</a> of <a href="/wiki/Grond" title="Grond">grond</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tydsberekening was dikwels die belangrikste faktor vir die grootste sukses van die beginonderneming, terwyl dit terselfdertyd geïdentifiseer is dat dit een van die moeilikste dinge is wat deur talle reekse ondernemers en beleggers bemeester is.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Beginondernemings het verskeie opsies vir finansiering. Inkomstegebaseerde finansierders kan beginondernemings help deur nie-verwaterende groeikapitaal te voorsien in ruil vir 'n persentasie van die maandelikse inkomste.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Waagkapitaalondernemings en engelbeleggers kan help om beginondernemings te begin om saadgeld te verruil vir 'n aandeel in die onderneming. Waagkapitaliste en engelbeleggers bied finansiering aan 'n verskeidenheid van beginondernemings ('n portefeulje), met die verwagting dat 'n baie klein aantal van die nuwe ondernemings lewensvatbaar sal wees en geld kan verdien. In die praktyk word baie beginondernemings egter aanvanklik deur die stigterslede gefinansier deur "<i>bootstrapping</i>" te gebruik, waarin lenings of geldgeskenke van vriende en <a href="/wiki/Familie" class="mw-redirect" title="Familie">familie</a> gekombineer word met spaargeld en kredietkaartskuld om die onderneming te finansier. Faktuurverkope is 'n ander opsie, hoewel dit nie uniek is aan beginondernemings nie. Ander finansieringsgeleenthede sluit in verskillende vorme van groepbefondsing, byvoorbeeld groepbefondsing vir aandele,<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> waarin die beginondernemings finansiering van 'n groter aantal individue soek, tipies deur hul idee op die internet bekend te maak. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Noodsaaklikheid_van_befondsing">Noodsaaklikheid van befondsing</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beginonderneming&veaction=edit&section=23" title="Wysig afdeling: Noodsaaklikheid van befondsing" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beginonderneming&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section's source code: Noodsaaklikheid van befondsing"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sommige (toekomstige) ondernemers glo dat hulle nie 'n onderneming kan begin sonder befondsing deur waagkapitaalondernemings, engelbefonsers, ens. Dit is nie die geval nie.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Beginonderneming_waardasies">Beginonderneming waardasies</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beginonderneming&veaction=edit&section=24" title="Wysig afdeling: Beginonderneming waardasies" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beginonderneming&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section's source code: Beginonderneming waardasies"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As die waarde van 'n onderneming op <a href="/wiki/Tegnologie" title="Tegnologie">tegnologie</a> gebaseer is, is dit dikwels ewe belangrik dat die sake-eienaars intellektuele eiendom moet beskerm vir hul idee. Die <a href="/wiki/Tydskrif" title="Tydskrif">tydskrif</a> <i><a href="/wiki/The_Economist" title="The Economist">The Economist</a></i> skat dat tot 75% van die waarde van Amerikaanse openbare ondernemings nou op hul intellektuele eiendom gebaseer is (van 40% in 1980).<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dikwels is 100% van die waarde van 'n klein onderneming wat gebaseer is op die intellektuele eiendom daarvan. As sodanig is dit belangrik vir tegnologie-georiënteerde beginondernemings om 'n gesonde strategie te ontwikkel om hul intellektuele kapitaal so gou moontlik te beskerm.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Beginondernemings, veral dié wat met nuwe tegnologie geassosieer word, lewer soms baie opbrengste vir hul skeppers en beleggers — 'n onlangse voorbeeld daarvan is <a href="/wiki/Google" title="Google">Google</a>, waarvan die skeppers miljardêrs geword het deur hul aandele-eienaarskap en -opsies. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Beleggingsrondes">Beleggingsrondes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beginonderneming&veaction=edit&section=25" title="Wysig afdeling: Beleggingsrondes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beginonderneming&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section's source code: Beleggingsrondes"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Met belegging in 'n beginonderneming is daar verskillende soorte stadia waaraan die belegger kan deelneem. Die eerste rondte word die saadrondte genoem. Die saadrondte is gewoonlik wanneer die aanloop nog in die baie vroeë fase van uitvoering is, wanneer hul produk nog 'n <a href="/wiki/Prototipe" title="Prototipe">prototipe</a> is. Op hierdie vlak sal engelbeleggers deelneem. Die volgende ronde heet Reeks A. Op hierdie punt het die onderneming reeds 'n vastrapplek en verdien dit moontlik 'n inkomste. In reeks A gaan waagkapitaalondernemings saam met engele of superengelbeleggers deelneem. Die volgende rondes is Reeks B, C en D. Hierdie drie rondes is die wat na die IPO lei. Waagkapitaalondernemings en private-ekwiteitondernemings neem deel.<sup id="cite_ref-Nasdaq_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nasdaq-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Geskiedenis_van_beginonderneming_beleggings">Geskiedenis van beginonderneming beleggings</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beginonderneming&veaction=edit&section=26" title="Wysig afdeling: Geskiedenis van beginonderneming beleggings" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beginonderneming&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section's source code: Geskiedenis van beginonderneming beleggings"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Na die <a href="/wiki/Groot_Depressie" title="Groot Depressie">Groot Depressie</a>, wat deels die skuld gegee is weens 'n toename in spekulatiewe beleggings in klein ongereguleerde ondernemings, was beginondernemings hoofsaaklik afhanklik van mondelinge verpryding van inligting wat gereserveer was vir die vriende en familie van medestigters, sakengele en waagkapitaalfondse. In die Verenigde State was dit die geval sedert die implementering van die <i>Securities Act</i> van 1933. Baie lande het soortgelyke wetgewing geïmplementeer om algemene werwing en algemene advertering van ongeregistreerde sekuriteite te verbied, insluitend aandele aangebied in beginondernemings. In 2005 is 'n nuwe versneller-beleggingsmodel deur Y Combinator bekendgestel wat 'n vaste-termyn-beleggingsmodel met 'n vaste periode-intensiewe regrukkamp (bootcamp) -styl-opleidingsprogram gekombineer het om die saad- / vroeëfase-beleggingsproses met opleiding te stroomlynen meer sistematies te maak. </p><p>Na aanleiding van Y Combinator, het baie versnellers met soortgelyke modelle wêreldwyd na vore gekom. Die versnellermodel het sedertdien baie algemeen geword en wyd versprei en is sleutelorganisasies van enige beginonderneming-ekosisteem. Artikel II van die <i>Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act (JOBS Act)</i>, wat die eerste keer op 23 September 2013 geïmplementeer is, het aan beginondernemings en medestigters of promotors in die VSA begin. die reg om oor die algemeen publiek te vra en te adverteer met behulp van enige kommunikasiemetode op voorwaarde dat slegs geakkrediteerde beleggers die sekuriteite mag koop.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ABC_News_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ABC_News-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Bloomberg_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bloomberg-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Die regulasies wat die aandeel groepbefondsing in verskillende lande beïnvloed, verskil egter baie met 'n verskeidenheid van vlakke en modelle van vryheid en beperkings. In baie lande is daar geen beperkinge wat die breë publiek beperk om te belê in beginmaatskappy nie, terwyl daar steeds ander soorte beperkings kan wees, soos om die bedrag te beperk wat maatskappye by beleggers kan soek. As gevolg van positiewe ontwikkeling en groei van groepbefonsing,<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is baie lande aktief besig om hul regulering met betrekking tot groepbefonsing op te dateer. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Belê_aanlyn"><span id="Bel.C3.AA_aanlyn"></span>Belê aanlyn</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beginonderneming&veaction=edit&section=27" title="Wysig afdeling: Belê aanlyn" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beginonderneming&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section's source code: Belê aanlyn"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Die eerste bekende beleggingsgebaseerde groepbeleggingplatform vir beginondernemings is in Februarie 2010 van stapel gestuur deur Grow VC,<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> gevolg deur die eerste VSA gebaseerde maatskappy ProFounder wat 'n model vir beginondernemings om beleggings direk op die webwerf te bekom,<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> maar ProFounder het later besluit om sy besigheid te staak weens regulatoriese redes wat verhinder dat hulle voortgaan,<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>omdat hulle hul model vir die VSA bekend gestel het vir markte voor die <i>JOBS Act</i>. Met die positiewe vordering van die JOBS-wet vir groepbelegging in die VSA, het platformgroepe vir fondse soos SeedInvest en CircleUp in 2011 begin verskyn, en platforms soos Investiere, Companisto en Seedrs in <a href="/wiki/Europa" title="Europa">Europa</a> en OurCrowd in <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a>. Die idee van hierdie platforms is om die proses te vergemaklik en die twee hoofprobleme wat in die mark plaasgevind het, op te los. Die eerste probleem was dat beginondernemers in staat was om toegang tot kapitaal kon kry en die hoeveelheid tyd wat dit neem om 'n finansieringsronde te sluit, verminder. Die tweede probleem was bedoel om die hoeveelheid transaksievloei vir die belegger te verhoog en ook om die proses te sentraliseer.<sup id="cite_ref-Forbes_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Forbes-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Washington_Post_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Washington_Post-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Interne_beginondernemings">Interne beginondernemings</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beginonderneming&veaction=edit&section=28" title="Wysig afdeling: Interne beginondernemings" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beginonderneming&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section's source code: Interne beginondernemings"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Interne beginndernemings is 'n vorm van korperatiewe entreperneurskap.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Groot of gevestigde ondernemings probeer gereeld om innovasie te bevorder deur 'interne beginondernemings' te skep, nuwe sake-afelings wat grootliks onafhanklik van die res van die onderneming werk. Voorbeelde hiervan is Bell Labs, 'n navorsingseenheid in Bell Corporation and Target Corporation (wat begin het as 'n interne beginonderneming van die Dayton se departmentele winkel-ketting) en threedegrees, 'n produk wat ontwikkel is deur 'n 'interne beginonderneming van <a href="/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Om sulke ondernemings intern te akkommodeer, het maatskappye, soos <a href="/wiki/Google" title="Google">Google</a>, stappe gedoen om 'n nuwe onderneming te begin en hul werkers tuis te laat voel in hul kantore en laat hulle selfs hul honde werk toe.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Eenhorings">Eenhorings</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beginonderneming&veaction=edit&section=29" title="Wysig afdeling: Eenhorings" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beginonderneming&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section's source code: Eenhorings"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sommige ondernemings word groot en word <a href="/wiki/Eenhoring_(finansies)" title="Eenhoring (finansies)">eenhorings</a>, dit wil sê private ondernemings wat vir meer as een miljard VS$ gewaardeer is. Die term is in 2013 geskep deur die waagkapitalis Aileen Lee, wat die mitiese dier gekies het om die <a href="/wiki/Statistiek" title="Statistiek">statistiese</a> skaarsheid van sulke suksesvolle ondernemings te verteenwoordig. Volgens <i>TechCrunch</i> was daar vanaf Maart 2018 279 eenhorings, en die meeste van die eenhorings is in die <a href="/wiki/Volksrepubliek_van_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Volksrepubliek van China">Volksrepubliek van China</a>, gevolg deur die VSA. Die eenhorings is in enkele lande gekonsentreer: China (131), VSA (76), <a href="/wiki/Indi%C3%AB" title="Indië">Indië</a> (14), die <a href="/wiki/Verenigde_Koninkryk" title="Verenigde Koninkryk">Verenigde Koninkryk</a> (7), <a href="/wiki/Indonesi%C3%AB" title="Indonesië">Indonesië</a> (4), <a href="/wiki/Argentini%C3%AB" title="Argentinië">Argentinië</a> (4), <a href="/wiki/Singapoer" title="Singapoer">Singapoer</a> (3), <a href="/wiki/Switserland" title="Switserland">Switserland</a> (2), <a href="/wiki/Suid_Korea" class="mw-redirect" title="Suid Korea">Suid Korea</a> (2), <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong" class="mw-redirect" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a> (2) en 13 ander lande (1 elk). Die grootste eenhorings sluit Ant Financial, ByteDance, DiDi, Uber, Xiaomi en <a href="/wiki/Airbnb" title="Airbnb">Airbnb</a> in. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Verwysings">Verwysings</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beginonderneming&veaction=edit&section=30" title="Wysig afdeling: Verwysings" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beginonderneming&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section's source code: Verwysings"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist columns references-column-count references-column-count-2" style="-moz-column-count: 2; -webkit-column-count: 2; column-count: 2; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r2205490">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:12px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite id="CITEREFRobehmed2013" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Robehmed, Natalie (16 Desember 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/natalierobehmed/2013/12/16/what-is-a-startup/#544a2a9a4c63">"What Is A Startup?"</a>. <i>Forbes</i> (in Engels). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200103223037/https://www.forbes.com/sites/natalierobehmed/2013/12/16/what-is-a-startup/">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 3 Januarie 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">30 April</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Forbes&rft.atitle=What+Is+A+Startup%3F&rft.date=2013-12-16&rft.aulast=Robehmed&rft.aufirst=Natalie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.forbes.com%2Fsites%2Fnatalierobehmed%2F2013%2F12%2F16%2Fwhat-is-a-startup%2F%23544a2a9a4c63&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3ABeginonderneming" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-moves-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-moves_2-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFRiitta_Katila,_Eric_L._Chen2012" class="citation journal cs1">Riitta Katila, Eric L. Chen, and Henning Piezunka (7 Junie 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.stanford.edu/~rkatila/new/pdf/KatilaSEJ12.pdf">"All the right moves: How entrepreneurial firms compete effectively"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Strategic Entrepreneurship JNL</i>. <b>6</b> (2): 116–132. <a href="/wiki/Digitale_objek-identifiseerder" title="Digitale objek-identifiseerder">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2Fsej.1130">10.1002/sej.1130</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">18 Mei</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Strategic+Entrepreneurship+JNL&rft.atitle=All+the+right+moves%3A+How+entrepreneurial+firms+compete+effectively&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=116-132&rft.date=2012-06-07&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2Fsej.1130&rft.aulast=Riitta+Katila%2C+Eric+L.+Chen&rft.aufirst=and+Henning+Piezunka&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fweb.stanford.edu%2F~rkatila%2Fnew%2Fpdf%2FKatilaSEJ12.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3ABeginonderneming" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/20140813173935-8497556-are-entrepreneurs-and-start-up-founders-the-same">"The Differences between Entrepreneurs and Startup Founders"</a>. <i>www.linkedin.com</i> (in Engels). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200520055123/https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/20140813173935-8497556-are-entrepreneurs-and-start-up-founders-the-same">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 20 Mei 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">30 Mei</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.linkedin.com&rft.atitle=The+Differences+between+Entrepreneurs+and+Startup+Founders&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.linkedin.com%2Fpulse%2F20140813173935-8497556-are-entrepreneurs-and-start-up-founders-the-same&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3ABeginonderneming" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:4-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:4_4-0">4,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:4_4-1">4,1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:4_4-2">4,2</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFSchmitt2018" class="citation journal cs1">Schmitt, A. (2018). "A Dynamic Model of Entrepreneurial Uncertainty and Business Opportunity Identification: Exploration as a Mediator and Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy as a Moderator". <i>Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice</i>. <b>42</b> (6): 835–859. <a href="/wiki/Digitale_objek-identifiseerder" title="Digitale objek-identifiseerder">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1177%2F1042258717721482">10.1177/1042258717721482</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Entrepreneurship+Theory+and+Practice&rft.atitle=A+Dynamic+Model+of+Entrepreneurial+Uncertainty+and+Business+Opportunity+Identification%3A+Exploration+as+a+Mediator+and+Entrepreneurial+Self-Efficacy+as+a+Moderator&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=6&rft.pages=835-859&rft.date=2018&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1177%2F1042258717721482&rft.aulast=Schmitt&rft.aufirst=A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3ABeginonderneming" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Griffith2014-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Griffith2014_5-0">5,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Griffith2014_5-1">5,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Erin Griffith (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://fortune.com/2014/09/25/why-startups-fail-according-to-their-founders/">Why startups fail, according to their founders</a>, Fortune.com, September 25, 2014; accessed 2017-10-27</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFUyFooIlies2015" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Uy, Marilyn A.; Foo, Maw-Der; Ilies, Remus (1 Mei 2015). "Perceived progress variability and entrepreneurial effort intensity: The moderating role of venture goal commitment". <i>Journal of Business Venturing</i> (in Engels). <b>30</b> (3): 375–389. <a href="/wiki/Digitale_objek-identifiseerder" title="Digitale objek-identifiseerder">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.jbusvent.2014.02.001">10.1016/j.jbusvent.2014.02.001</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0883-9026">0883-9026</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Business+Venturing&rft.atitle=Perceived+progress+variability+and+entrepreneurial+effort+intensity%3A+The+moderating+role+of+venture+goal+commitment&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=375-389&rft.date=2015-05-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.jbusvent.2014.02.001&rft.issn=0883-9026&rft.aulast=Uy&rft.aufirst=Marilyn+A.&rft.au=Foo%2C+Maw-Der&rft.au=Ilies%2C+Remus&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3ABeginonderneming" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFvan_BurgRommeGilsingReymen2008" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">van Burg, Elco; Romme, A. Georges L.; Gilsing, Victor A.; Reymen, Isabelle M. M. J. (Maart 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://research.tilburguniversity.edu/en/publications/ed13609d-fde4-43dc-ba8a-d2e602b79efc">"Creating University Spin-Offs: A Science-Based Design Perspective"</a>. <i>Journal of Product Innovation Management</i> (in Engels). <b>25</b> (2): 114–128. <a href="/wiki/Digitale_objek-identifiseerder" title="Digitale objek-identifiseerder">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1540-5885.2008.00291.x">10.1111/j.1540-5885.2008.00291.x</a>. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/1871%2F23732">1871/23732</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0737-6782">0737-6782</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Product+Innovation+Management&rft.atitle=Creating+University+Spin-Offs%3A+A+Science-Based+Design+Perspective&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=114-128&rft.date=2008-03&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F1871%2F23732&rft.issn=0737-6782&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1540-5885.2008.00291.x&rft.aulast=van+Burg&rft.aufirst=Elco&rft.au=Romme%2C+A.+Georges+L.&rft.au=Gilsing%2C+Victor+A.&rft.au=Reymen%2C+Isabelle+M.+M.+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch.tilburguniversity.edu%2Fen%2Fpublications%2Fed13609d-fde4-43dc-ba8a-d2e602b79efc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3ABeginonderneming" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFSarasvathyDewReadWiltbank2008" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Sarasvathy, Saras D.; Dew, Nicholas; Read, Stuart; Wiltbank, Robert (1 Maart 2008). "Designing Organizations that Design Environments: Lessons from Entrepreneurial Expertise". <i>Organization Studies</i> (in Engels). <b>29</b> (3): 331–350. <a href="/wiki/Digitale_objek-identifiseerder" title="Digitale objek-identifiseerder">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0170840607088017">10.1177/0170840607088017</a>. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/10945%2F41241">10945/41241</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0170-8406">0170-8406</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Organization+Studies&rft.atitle=Designing+Organizations+that+Design+Environments%3A+Lessons+from+Entrepreneurial+Expertise&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=331-350&rft.date=2008-03-01&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F10945%2F41241&rft.issn=0170-8406&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1177%2F0170840607088017&rft.aulast=Sarasvathy&rft.aufirst=Saras+D.&rft.au=Dew%2C+Nicholas&rft.au=Read%2C+Stuart&rft.au=Wiltbank%2C+Robert&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3ABeginonderneming" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:1_9-0">9,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:1_9-1">9,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFZhangCueto2015" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Zhang, Stephen X.; Cueto, Javier (9 November 2015). "The Study of Bias in Entrepreneurship". <i>Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice</i> (in Engels). <b>41</b> (3): 419–454. <a href="/wiki/Digitale_objek-identifiseerder" title="Digitale objek-identifiseerder">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fetap.12212">10.1111/etap.12212</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/issn/1042-2587">1042-2587</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Entrepreneurship+Theory+and+Practice&rft.atitle=The+Study+of+Bias+in+Entrepreneurship&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=419-454&rft.date=2015-11-09&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fetap.12212&rft.issn=1042-2587&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Stephen+X.&rft.au=Cueto%2C+Javier&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3ABeginonderneming" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFHoUyKangChan2018" class="citation journal cs1">Ho, Moon-Ho Ringo; Uy, Marilyn A.; Kang, Bianca N. Y.; Chan, Kim-Yin (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3389%2Ffeduc.2018.00013">"Impact of Entrepreneurship Training on Entrepreneurial Efficacy and Alertness among Adolescent Youth"</a>. <i>Frontiers in Education</i> (in English). <b>3</b>. <a href="/wiki/Digitale_objek-identifiseerder" title="Digitale objek-identifiseerder">doi</a>:<span class="cs1-lock-free" title="Vrylik beskikbaar"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3389%2Ffeduc.2018.00013">10.3389/feduc.2018.00013</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/issn/2504-284X">2504-284X</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Frontiers+in+Education&rft.atitle=Impact+of+Entrepreneurship+Training+on+Entrepreneurial+Efficacy+and+Alertness+among+Adolescent+Youth&rft.volume=3&rft.date=2018&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3389%2Ffeduc.2018.00013&rft.issn=2504-284X&rft.aulast=Ho&rft.aufirst=Moon-Ho+Ringo&rft.au=Uy%2C+Marilyn+A.&rft.au=Kang%2C+Bianca+N.+Y.&rft.au=Chan%2C+Kim-Yin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.3389%252Ffeduc.2018.00013&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3ABeginonderneming" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Sjabloon:Cite_journal" title="Sjabloon:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: AS1-onderhoud: onerkende taal (<a href="/wiki/Kategorie:AS1-onderhoud:_onerkende_taal" title="Kategorie:AS1-onderhoud: onerkende taal">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFJaškoMarinković2016" class="citation book cs1">Jaško, Ondrej; Marinković, Sanja (3 Junie 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=5TkLDgAAQBAJ&pg=PA1462&dq=importance+of+mentoring+for+Start+ups#v=onepage&q=importance%20of%20mentoring%20for%20Start%20ups&f=false"><i>Symposium proceedings – XV International symposium Symorg 2016: Reshaping …</i></a>. p. 1462. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/9788676803262" title="Spesiaal:Boekbronne/9788676803262"><bdi>9788676803262</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Symposium+proceedings+%E2%80%93+XV+International+symposium+Symorg+2016%3A+Reshaping+%E2%80%A6&rft.pages=1462&rft.date=2016-06-03&rft.isbn=9788676803262&rft.aulast=Ja%C5%A1ko&rft.aufirst=Ondrej&rft.au=Marinkovi%C4%87%2C+Sanja&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3D5TkLDgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA1462%26dq%3Dimportance%2Bof%2Bmentoring%2Bfor%2BStart%2Bups%23v%3Donepage%26q%3Dimportance%2520of%2520mentoring%2520for%2520Start%2520ups%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3ABeginonderneming" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:5-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:5_12-0">12,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:5_12-1">12,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFHarms2015" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Harms, Rainer (1 November 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://research.utwente.nl/en/publications/selfregulated-learning-team-learning-and-project-performance-in-entrepreneurship-education-learning-in-a-lean-startup-environment(b94a1ab9-6203-464d-a0a4-9a0650686b90).html">"Self-regulated learning, team learning and project performance in entrepreneurship education: Learning in a lean startup environment"</a>. <i>Technological Forecasting and Social Change</i> (in Engels). <b>100</b>: 21–28. <a href="/wiki/Digitale_objek-identifiseerder" title="Digitale objek-identifiseerder">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.techfore.2015.02.007">10.1016/j.techfore.2015.02.007</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0040-1625">0040-1625</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Technological+Forecasting+and+Social+Change&rft.atitle=Self-regulated+learning%2C+team+learning+and+project+performance+in+entrepreneurship+education%3A+Learning+in+a+lean+startup+environment&rft.volume=100&rft.pages=21-28&rft.date=2015-11-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.techfore.2015.02.007&rft.issn=0040-1625&rft.aulast=Harms&rft.aufirst=Rainer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch.utwente.nl%2Fen%2Fpublications%2Fselfregulated-learning-team-learning-and-project-performance-in-entrepreneurship-education-learning-in-a-lean-startup-environment%28b94a1ab9-6203-464d-a0a4-9a0650686b90%29.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3ABeginonderneming" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFTeece2010" class="citation journal cs1">Teece, David J. (2010). "Business Models, Business Strategy and Innovation". <i>Long Range Planning</i>. <b>43</b> (2–3): 172–194. <a href="/wiki/Digitale_objek-identifiseerder" title="Digitale objek-identifiseerder">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.lrp.2009.07.003">10.1016/j.lrp.2009.07.003</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Long+Range+Planning&rft.atitle=Business+Models%2C+Business+Strategy+and+Innovation&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=2%E2%80%933&rft.pages=172-194&rft.date=2010&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.lrp.2009.07.003&rft.aulast=Teece&rft.aufirst=David+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3ABeginonderneming" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFKaskLinton2013" class="citation journal cs1">Kask, Johan; Linton, Gabriel (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://oru.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:705449/FULLTEXT01">"Business mating: When start ups get it right"</a>. <i>Journal of Small Business & Entrepreneurship</i>. <b>26</b> (5): 511. <a href="/wiki/Digitale_objek-identifiseerder" title="Digitale objek-identifiseerder">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F08276331.2013.876765">10.1080/08276331.2013.876765</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Small+Business+%26+Entrepreneurship&rft.atitle=Business+mating%3A+When+start+ups+get+it+right&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=511&rft.date=2013&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F08276331.2013.876765&rft.aulast=Kask&rft.aufirst=Johan&rft.au=Linton%2C+Gabriel&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Foru.diva-portal.org%2Fsmash%2Fget%2Fdiva2%3A705449%2FFULLTEXT01&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3ABeginonderneming" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:3-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:3_15-0">15,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:3_15-1">15,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFHascheLinton2017" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Hasche, Nina; Linton, Gabriel (Desember 2017). "The value of failed relationships for the development of a Medtech start up". <i>Journal of Small Business & Entrepreneurship</i> (in Engels). <b>30</b> (1): 97–119. <a href="/wiki/Digitale_objek-identifiseerder" title="Digitale objek-identifiseerder">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F08276331.2017.1388953">10.1080/08276331.2017.1388953</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0827-6331">0827-6331</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Small+Business+%26+Entrepreneurship&rft.atitle=The+value+of+failed+relationships+for+the+development+of+a+Medtech+start+up&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=97-119&rft.date=2017-12&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F08276331.2017.1388953&rft.issn=0827-6331&rft.aulast=Hasche&rft.aufirst=Nina&rft.au=Linton%2C+Gabriel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3ABeginonderneming" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFCastrogiovanni1996" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Castrogiovanni, Gary J. (1 Desember 1996). "Pre-Startup Planning and the Survival of New Small Businesses: Theoretical Linkages". <i>Journal of Management</i> (in Engels). <b>22</b> (6): 801–822. <a href="/wiki/Digitale_objek-identifiseerder" title="Digitale objek-identifiseerder">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1177%2F014920639602200601">10.1177/014920639602200601</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0149-2063">0149-2063</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Management&rft.atitle=Pre-Startup+Planning+and+the+Survival+of+New+Small+Businesses%3A+Theoretical+Linkages&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=6&rft.pages=801-822&rft.date=1996-12-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1177%2F014920639602200601&rft.issn=0149-2063&rft.aulast=Castrogiovanni&rft.aufirst=Gary+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3ABeginonderneming" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-17">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://techcrunch.com/2006/09/02/an-interview-with-vc-paul-graham-of-ycombinator/">"An interview with investor Paul Graham of Y Combinator"</a>. <i>TechCrunch</i> (in Engels (VSA)). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190202235511/https://techcrunch.com/2006/09/02/an-interview-with-vc-paul-graham-of-ycombinator/">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 2 Februarie 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">1 Oktober</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=TechCrunch&rft.atitle=An+interview+with+investor+Paul+Graham+of+Y+Combinator&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftechcrunch.com%2F2006%2F09%2F02%2Fan-interview-with-vc-paul-graham-of-ycombinator%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3ABeginonderneming" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-18">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFStevensonCiuchtaLetwinDinger2018" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Stevenson, Regan M.; Ciuchta, Michael P.; Letwin, Chaim; Dinger, Jenni M.; Vancouver, Jeffrey B. (21 Junie 2018). "Out of control or right on the money? Funder self-efficacy and crowd bias in equity crowdfunding". <i>Journal of Business Venturing</i> (in Engels). <b>34</b> (2): 348–367. <a href="/wiki/Digitale_objek-identifiseerder" title="Digitale objek-identifiseerder">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.jbusvent.2018.05.006">10.1016/j.jbusvent.2018.05.006</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0883-9026">0883-9026</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Business+Venturing&rft.atitle=Out+of+control+or+right+on+the+money%3F+Funder+self-efficacy+and+crowd+bias+in+equity+crowdfunding&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=348-367&rft.date=2018-06-21&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.jbusvent.2018.05.006&rft.issn=0883-9026&rft.aulast=Stevenson&rft.aufirst=Regan+M.&rft.au=Ciuchta%2C+Michael+P.&rft.au=Letwin%2C+Chaim&rft.au=Dinger%2C+Jenni+M.&rft.au=Vancouver%2C+Jeffrey+B.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3ABeginonderneming" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_19-0">19,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_19-1">19,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFUyFooSong2013" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Uy, Marilyn A.; Foo, Maw-Der; Song, Zhaoli (1 September 2013). "Joint effects of prior start up experience and coping strategies on entrepreneurs' psychological well-being". <i>Journal of Business Venturing</i> (in Engels). <b>28</b> (5): 583–597. <a href="/wiki/Digitale_objek-identifiseerder" title="Digitale objek-identifiseerder">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.jbusvent.2012.04.003">10.1016/j.jbusvent.2012.04.003</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0883-9026">0883-9026</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Business+Venturing&rft.atitle=Joint+effects+of+prior+start+up+experience+and+coping+strategies+on+entrepreneurs%27+psychological+well-being&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=583-597&rft.date=2013-09-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.jbusvent.2012.04.003&rft.issn=0883-9026&rft.aulast=Uy&rft.aufirst=Marilyn+A.&rft.au=Foo%2C+Maw-Der&rft.au=Song%2C+Zhaoli&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3ABeginonderneming" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-20">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://smallbusiness.chron.com/benefits-flat-organizational-structure-281.html">"Benefits in a Flat Organizational Structure"</a>. <i>smallbusiness.chron.com</i> (in Engels). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190904163646/https://smallbusiness.chron.com/benefits-flat-organizational-structure-281.html">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 4 September 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">30 Mei</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=smallbusiness.chron.com&rft.atitle=Benefits+in+a+Flat+Organizational+Structure&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsmallbusiness.chron.com%2Fbenefits-flat-organizational-structure-281.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3ABeginonderneming" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-21">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.is/20121209022044/http://www.accel-team.com/human_relations/hrels_03_mcgregor.html">Douglas McGregor. <i>Theory X Theory Y employee motivation theory</i></a>. Accel-team.com. Retrieved on 2013-07-21.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-22">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/patrickhanlon/2015/08/16/zirtual-crashed-but-can-its-brand-still-fly/">"Zirtual Crashed But Can Its Brand Still Fly?"</a>. <i>Forbes</i> (in Engels). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200606083158/https://www.forbes.com/sites/patrickhanlon/2015/08/16/zirtual-crashed-but-can-its-brand-still-fly/">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 6 Junie 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">16 Oktober</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Forbes&rft.atitle=Zirtual+Crashed+But+Can+Its+Brand+Still+Fly%3F&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.forbes.com%2Fsites%2Fpatrickhanlon%2F2015%2F08%2F16%2Fzirtual-crashed-but-can-its-brand-still-fly%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3ABeginonderneming" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-23">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Alexandros Kakouris <i>Proceedings of the 4th European Conference on Innovation 2010</i> bl. 95. "Met ander woorde, mislukte ondernemers stig 'n nuwe onderneming met meer en beter kundigheid. Veral as hulle kies om weer in dieselfde sektor te begin met min of meer dieselfde aktiwiteite, is die kans groot dat die "weer-beginner" die beter entrepreneur word (Schror, 2006). Weer-beginers in hierdie studie word gedefinieer as ondernemers wie se onderneming bankrot geraak het, maar wat na 'n geruime tyd die moed het om 'n nuwe onderneming te stig (d.w.s. 'suiwer' weer-beginers). "</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-24">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Adam Jolly. <i>The European Business Handbook 2003</i> 0749439750 2003 bl.5 " Ons onderhoude met ondernemerweer-beginners onderstreep die feit dat mislukking steeds in Europa erg gestigmatiseer word. In 'n duidelike teenstelling met die Verenigde State, is daar geen algemene persepsie van die publiek in Europa dat mislukking 'n noodsaaklike voorwaarde vir sukses is nie."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-25">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Chanin, R., Sales, A., Pompermaier, L., and Prikladnicki, R. (2018). <i>Startup software development education: a systematic mapping study. In proceedings of the 40th International Conference on Software Engineering</i> (ICSE ’18), bl. 143-144.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:2_26-0">26,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:2_26-1">26,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFCamposFreseGoldsteinIacovone2017" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Campos, Francisco; Frese, Michael; Goldstein, Markus; Iacovone, Leonardo; Johnson, Hillary C.; McKenzie, David; Mensmann, Mona (22 September 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.aan5329">"Teaching personal initiative beats traditional training in boosting small business in West Africa"</a>. <i>Science</i> (in Engels). <b>357</b> (6357): 1287–1290. <a href="/wiki/Digitale_objek-identifiseerder" title="Digitale objek-identifiseerder">doi</a>:<span class="cs1-lock-free" title="Vrylik beskikbaar"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.aan5329">10.1126/science.aan5329</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0036-8075">0036-8075</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28935805">28935805</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science&rft.atitle=Teaching+personal+initiative+beats+traditional+training+in+boosting+small+business+in+West+Africa&rft.volume=357&rft.issue=6357&rft.pages=1287-1290&rft.date=2017-09-22&rft.issn=0036-8075&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F28935805&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1126%2Fscience.aan5329&rft.aulast=Campos&rft.aufirst=Francisco&rft.au=Frese%2C+Michael&rft.au=Goldstein%2C+Markus&rft.au=Iacovone%2C+Leonardo&rft.au=Johnson%2C+Hillary+C.&rft.au=McKenzie%2C+David&rft.au=Mensmann%2C+Mona&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1126%252Fscience.aan5329&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3ABeginonderneming" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-27">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFRauchHulsink2015" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Rauch, Andreas; Hulsink, Willem (Junie 2015). "Putting Entrepreneurship Education Where the Intention to Act Lies: An Investigation Into the Impact of Entrepreneurship Education on Entrepreneurial Behavior". <i>Academy of Management Learning & Education</i> (in Engels). <b>14</b> (2): 187–204. <a href="/wiki/Digitale_objek-identifiseerder" title="Digitale objek-identifiseerder">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.5465%2Famle.2012.0293">10.5465/amle.2012.0293</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/issn/1537-260X">1537-260X</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Academy+of+Management+Learning+%26+Education&rft.atitle=Putting+Entrepreneurship+Education+Where+the+Intention+to+Act+Lies%3A+An+Investigation+Into+the+Impact+of+Entrepreneurship+Education+on+Entrepreneurial+Behavior&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=187-204&rft.date=2015-06&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.5465%2Famle.2012.0293&rft.issn=1537-260X&rft.aulast=Rauch&rft.aufirst=Andreas&rft.au=Hulsink%2C+Willem&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3ABeginonderneming" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-28">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Paternoster, N., Giardino, C., Unterkalmsteiner, M., Gorschek, T., Abrahamsson, P. (2014). <i>Software Development in Startup Companies: A Systematic Mapping Study. Information and Software Technology</i> 56(10), 1200–1218.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-29">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Blank, S.: <i>The Four Steps to the Epiphany: Successful Strategies for Products That Win.</i> K&S Ranch, Incorporated (2013).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-30">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Sutton, S.M. (2000). <i>The role of process in software start up. IEEE Software</i> 17(4), 33–39. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://doi.org/10.1109/52.854066">https://doi.org/10.1109/52.854066</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-31">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Kon, F., Cukier, D., Melo, C., Hazzan, O., Yuklea, H. (2014). <i>A panorama of the Israeli software startup ecosystem.</i> Beskikbaar by SSRN 2441157</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-32">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Chanin, R., Sales, A., Pompermaier, L., and Prikladnicki, R. (2018). <i>Startup software development education: a systematic mapping study.</i> In proceedings of the 40th International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE ’18), bl. 143-144.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-33">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Buffardi, K., Robb, C., Rahn, D. (2017) <i>Tech startups: realistic software engineering projects with interdisciplinary collaboration.</i> <i>Journal of Computing Sciences in Colleges</i> 32(4), 93–98.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gregory-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Gregory_34-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.netvalley.com/silicon_valley/Legal_Bridge_From_El_Dorado_to_Silicon_Valley.html"><i>A Legal Bridge Spanning 100 Years: From the Gold Mines of El Dorado to the 'Golden' Startups of Silicon Valley</i></a> by Gregory Gromov 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-35">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nytm.org/">"NY Tech Alliance"</a>. <i>nytm.org</i> (in Engels). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170324162600/https://nytm.org/">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 24 Maart 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=nytm.org&rft.atitle=NY+Tech+Alliance&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnytm.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3ABeginonderneming" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-36">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Majewski, Taylor. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.builtinnyc.com/2016/05/12/35-people-watch-nyc-tech">" NYC tech's 35 people to watch in 2016"</a>, builtinnyc, New York, 26 Mei 2016. Besoek op 01 Junie 2016.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-37">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">JAMES F. MCDONOUGH III (2007). "The Myth of the Patent Troll: An Alternative View of the Function of Patent Dealers in an Idea Economy". Emory Law Journal. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=959945">http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=959945</a>. Besoek op 2007-07-27.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-[[The_Wall_Street_Journal]]-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-[[The_Wall_Street_Journal]]_38-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://blogs.wsj.com/venturecapital/2013/09/23/startups-vcs-now-free-to-advertise-their-fundraising-status/">"Startups, VCs Now Free To Advertise Their Fundraising Status"</a>. <i>The Wall Street Journal</i> (in Engels). 23 September 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200607174315/https://blogs.wsj.com/venturecapital/2013/09/23/startups-vcs-now-free-to-advertise-their-fundraising-status/">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 7 Junie 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">23 September</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=Startups%2C+VCs+Now+Free+To+Advertise+Their+Fundraising+Status&rft.date=2013-09-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fblogs.wsj.com%2Fventurecapital%2F2013%2F09%2F23%2Fstartups-vcs-now-free-to-advertise-their-fundraising-status%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3ABeginonderneming" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Financial_Times-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Financial_Times_39-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/ea20e300-2601-11e3-8ef6-00144feab7de.html?siteedition=intl">"All-comers join web party for a punt on best start ups"</a>. <i>Financial Times</i> (in Engels). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160821213003/http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/ea20e300-2601-11e3-8ef6-00144feab7de.html?siteedition=intl">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 21 Augustus 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">26 September</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Financial+Times&rft.atitle=All-comers+join+web+party+for+a+punt+on+best+start+ups&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ft.com%2Fintl%2Fcms%2Fs%2F0%2Fea20e300-2601-11e3-8ef6-00144feab7de.html%3Fsiteedition%3Dintl&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3ABeginonderneming" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bloomberg_Businessweek1-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Bloomberg_Businessweek1_40-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.businessweek.com/articles/2013-09-20/startups-remain-cloudy-on-the-new-general-solicitation-rule">"Startups Remain Cloudy on the New General Solicitation Rule"</a>. <i>Bloomberg Businessweek</i> (in Engels). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140924052020/http://www.businessweek.com/articles/2013-09-20/startups-remain-cloudy-on-the-new-general-solicitation-rule">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 24 September 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">20 September</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Bloomberg+Businessweek&rft.atitle=Startups+Remain+Cloudy+on+the+New+General+Solicitation+Rule&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.businessweek.com%2Farticles%2F2013-09-20%2Fstartups-remain-cloudy-on-the-new-general-solicitation-rule&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3ABeginonderneming" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bloomberg_Businessweek2-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Bloomberg_Businessweek2_41-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://venturebeat.com/2013/09/23/the-ban-has-lifted-heres-what-these-6-companies-think-about-general-solicitation/">"The ban has lifted: Here's what these 6 companies think about general solicitation"</a>. <i>Venturebeat</i> (in Engels). 23 September 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200607174318/https://venturebeat.com/2013/09/23/the-ban-has-lifted-heres-what-these-6-companies-think-about-general-solicitation/">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 7 Junie 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">23 September</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Venturebeat&rft.atitle=The+ban+has+lifted%3A+Here%27s+what+these+6+companies+think+about+general+solicitation&rft.date=2013-09-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fventurebeat.com%2F2013%2F09%2F23%2Fthe-ban-has-lifted-heres-what-these-6-companies-think-about-general-solicitation%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3ABeginonderneming" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-42">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://investor.gov/">"Investor.gov"</a>. <i>Securities and Exchange Commission</i> (in Engels). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200531163959/https://www.investor.gov/">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 31 Mei 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">1 Julie</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Securities+and+Exchange+Commission&rft.atitle=Investor.gov&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Finvestor.gov%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3ABeginonderneming" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-43">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFAmit_Ghosh2014" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Amit Ghosh (14 Desember 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160602070158/http://www.thestartupjournal.com/best-business-structure-for-startups/">"<i>How To Choose The Best Business Structure To Choose For A Start up?</i>"</a>. <i>The Startup Journal</i> (in Engels (VSA)). Geargiveer vanaf <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thestartupjournal.com/best-business-structure-for-startups/">die oorspronklike</a> op 2 Junie 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">30 April</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Startup+Journal&rft.atitle=How+To+Choose+The+Best+Business+Structure+To+Choose+For+A+Start+up%3F&rft.date=2014-12-14&rft.au=Amit+Ghosh&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thestartupjournal.com%2Fbest-business-structure-for-startups%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3ABeginonderneming" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-44">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cdixon.org/2010/11/07/timing-your-startup/">"<i>Timing your startup</i>"</a> (in Engels). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200607174331/https://cdixon.org/2010/11/07/timing-your-startup/">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 7 Junie 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Timing+your+startup&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcdixon.org%2F2010%2F11%2F07%2Ftiming-your-startup%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3ABeginonderneming" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-45">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFGoodman" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Goodman, Michelle. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.entrepreneur.com/article/243055">"4 Tips for Landing Revenue-Based Financing"</a>. <i>Entrepreneur</i> (in Engels). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200608173744/https://www.entrepreneur.com/article/243055">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 8 Junie 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">8 Februarie</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Entrepreneur&rft.atitle=4+Tips+for+Landing+Revenue-Based+Financing&rft.aulast=Goodman&rft.aufirst=Michelle&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.entrepreneur.com%2Farticle%2F243055&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3ABeginonderneming" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-46">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFPrentice2010" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Prentice, Claire (12 Mei 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/10100885.stm">"<i>Cash-strapped entrepreneurs get creative</i>"</a>. <i>BBC News</i> (in Engels). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100521154619/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/10100885.stm">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 21 Mei 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">8 Junie</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Cash-strapped+entrepreneurs+get+creative&rft.date=2010-05-12&rft.aulast=Prentice&rft.aufirst=Claire&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2F10100885.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3ABeginonderneming" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-47">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://inc42.com/resources/revisiting-the-myths-about-entrepreneurship-and-innovation/">"<i>Revisiting the myths about entrepreneurship and innovation</i> – Vivek Wadhwa"</a>. <i>Vivek Wadhwa</i> (in Engels (VSA)). 30 Augustus 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200608174031/https://inc42.com/resources/revisiting-the-myths-about-entrepreneurship-and-innovation/">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 8 Junie 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">6 Oktober</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vivek+Wadhwa&rft.atitle=Revisiting+the+myths+about+entrepreneurship+and+innovation+%E2%80%93+Vivek+Wadhwa&rft.date=2018-08-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Finc42.com%2Fresources%2Frevisiting-the-myths-about-entrepreneurship-and-innovation%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3ABeginonderneming" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-48">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>See generally A Market for Ideas, Economist</i>, 22 Oktober 2005, 3, 3 (spesiale invoeging)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-49">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Vir 'n bespreking van sulke sake, sien bv., <i>Strategic management issues for starting an IP company</i>, Szirom, S.Z., RAPID, HTF Res. Inc., USA (<span class="ISBN" style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/0-7695-0465-5" title="Spesiaal:Boekbronne/0-7695-0465-5">ISBN 0-7695-0465-5</a></span>); <i>What Business Owners Should Know About Patenting</i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Wall_Street_Journal" class="mw-redirect" title="Wall Street Journal">Wall Street Journal</a></i>, beskikbaar by <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB121820956214224545">https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB121820956214224545</a> (Onderhoud met James McDonough, 'n intellektuele eindom prokrureer),</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Nasdaq-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Nasdaq_50-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nasdaq.com/article/with-new-jobs-act-rule-a-new-era-of-investment-banking-cm279813">"<i>With the new JOBS Act a new era of investment banking?</i>"</a>. <i>Nasdaq</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">24 September</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Nasdaq&rft.atitle=With+the+new+JOBS+Act+a+new+era+of+investment+banking%3F&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nasdaq.com%2Farticle%2Fwith-new-jobs-act-rule-a-new-era-of-investment-banking-cm279813&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3ABeginonderneming" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-51">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sec.gov/spotlight/jobs-act.shtml">"Jumpstart Our Business Startups (JOBS) Act Spotlight"</a>. <i>SEC.GOV</i> (in Engels). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200527023444/https://www.sec.gov/spotlight/jobs-act.shtml">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 27 Mei 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">1 Julie</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=SEC.GOV&rft.atitle=Jumpstart+Our+Business+Startups+%28JOBS%29+Act+Spotlight&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sec.gov%2Fspotlight%2Fjobs-act.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3ABeginonderneming" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ABC_News-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-ABC_News_52-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://abcnews.go.com/Business/dark-side-crowdfunding-startup-companies/story?id=20343963">"Newly Legal: Buying Stock in Start Ups Via Crowdsourcing"</a>. <i>ABC News</i> (in Engels). 24 September 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200609155913/https://abcnews.go.com/Business/dark-side-crowdfunding-startup-companies/story?id=20343963">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 9 Junie 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">24 September</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ABC+News&rft.atitle=Newly+Legal%3A+Buying+Stock+in+Start+Ups+Via+Crowdsourcing&rft.date=2013-09-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fabcnews.go.com%2FBusiness%2Fdark-side-crowdfunding-startup-companies%2Fstory%3Fid%3D20343963&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3ABeginonderneming" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bloomberg-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Bloomberg_53-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/2013-09-24/levine-on-wall-street-chrysler-s-unwanted-ipo.html">"Levine on Wall Street: Chrysler's Unwanted IPO"</a>. <i>Bloomberg</i> (in Engels). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131022100704/http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2013-09-24/levine-on-wall-street-chrysler-s-unwanted-ipo.html">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 22 Oktober 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">24 September</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Bloomberg&rft.atitle=Levine+on+Wall+Street%3A+Chrysler%27s+Unwanted+IPO&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fnews%2F2013-09-24%2Flevine-on-wall-street-chrysler-s-unwanted-ipo.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3ABeginonderneming" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-54">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160306084019/https://www.crowdsourcing.org/editorial/global-crowdfunding-market-to-reach-344b-in-2015-predicts-massolutions-2015cf-industry-report/45376">"Global Crowdfunding Market to Reach $34.4B in 2015, Predicts Massolution's 2015CF Industry Report"</a>. <i>www.crowdsourcing.org</i>. Geargiveer vanaf <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.crowdsourcing.org/editorial/global-crowdfunding-market-to-reach-344b-in-2015-predicts-massolutions-2015cf-industry-report/45376">die oorspronklike</a> op 6 Maart 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.crowdsourcing.org&rft.atitle=Global+Crowdfunding+Market+to+Reach+%2434.4B+in+2015%2C+Predicts+Massolution%27s+2015CF+Industry+Report&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.crowdsourcing.org%2Feditorial%2Fglobal-crowdfunding-market-to-reach-344b-in-2015-predicts-massolutions-2015cf-industry-report%2F45376&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3ABeginonderneming" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-55">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://techcrunch.com/2010/02/15/grow-vc-launches-aiming-to-become-the-kiva-for-tech-startups/">"Grow VC launches, aiming to become the Kiva for tech startups"</a>. <i>TechCrunch</i> (in Engels). AOL. 15 Februarie 2010. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191212150808/https://techcrunch.com/2010/02/15/grow-vc-launches-aiming-to-become-the-kiva-for-tech-startups/">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 12 Desember 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=TechCrunch&rft.atitle=Grow+VC+launches%2C+aiming+to+become+the+Kiva+for+tech+startups&rft.date=2010-02-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftechcrunch.com%2F2010%2F02%2F15%2Fgrow-vc-launches-aiming-to-become-the-kiva-for-tech-startups%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3ABeginonderneming" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-56">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://techcrunch.com/2011/05/03/crowdsourced-fundraising-platform-profounder-now-offers-equity-based-investment-tools/">"Crowdsourced Fundraising Platform ProFounder Now Offers Equity-Based Investment Tools"</a>. <i>TechCrunch</i> (in Engels). AOL. 3 Mei 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190402080018/https://techcrunch.com/2011/05/03/crowdsourced-fundraising-platform-profounder-now-offers-equity-based-investment-tools/">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 2 April 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=TechCrunch&rft.atitle=Crowdsourced+Fundraising+Platform+ProFounder+Now+Offers+Equity-Based+Investment+Tools&rft.date=2011-05-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftechcrunch.com%2F2011%2F05%2F03%2Fcrowdsourced-fundraising-platform-profounder-now-offers-equity-based-investment-tools%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3ABeginonderneming" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-57">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://techcrunch.com/2012/02/17/startup-fundraising-platform-profounder-shuts-its-doors/">"Fundraising Platform For Startups ProFounder Shuts Its Doors"</a>. <i>TechCrunch</i> (in Engels). AOL. 17 Februarie 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190402082817/https://techcrunch.com/2012/02/17/startup-fundraising-platform-profounder-shuts-its-doors/">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 2 April 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=TechCrunch&rft.atitle=Fundraising+Platform+For+Startups+ProFounder+Shuts+Its+Doors&rft.date=2012-02-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftechcrunch.com%2F2012%2F02%2F17%2Fstartup-fundraising-platform-profounder-shuts-its-doors%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3ABeginonderneming" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Forbes-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Forbes_58-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/tanyaprive/2013/09/23/general-solicitation-ban-lifted-today-three-things-you-must-about-it/">"General Solicitation Ban Lifted Today – Three Things You Must Know About It"</a>. <i>Forbes</i> (in Engels). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200609173825/https://www.forbes.com/sites/tanyaprive/2013/09/23/general-solicitation-ban-lifted-today-three-things-you-must-about-it/">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 9 Junie 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">23 September</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Forbes&rft.atitle=General+Solicitation+Ban+Lifted+Today+%E2%80%93+Three+Things+You+Must+Know+About+It&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.forbes.com%2Fsites%2Ftanyaprive%2F2013%2F09%2F23%2Fgeneral-solicitation-ban-lifted-today-three-things-you-must-about-it%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3ABeginonderneming" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Washington_Post-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Washington_Post_59-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/on-small-business/for-brokerdealers-crowdfunding-presents-new-opportunity/2013/03/28/bb835942-8075-11e2-8074-b26a871b165a_story.html">"For broker/dealers, crowdfunding presents new opportunity"</a>. <i>Washington Post</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">28 Maart</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Washington+Post&rft.atitle=For+broker%2Fdealers%2C+crowdfunding+presents+new+opportunity&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fbusiness%2Fon-small-business%2Ffor-brokerdealers-crowdfunding-presents-new-opportunity%2F2013%2F03%2F28%2Fbb835942-8075-11e2-8074-b26a871b165a_story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3ABeginonderneming" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-60">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFChenNadkarni2017" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Chen, Jianhong; Nadkarni, Sucheta (1 Maart 2017). "It's about Time! CEOs' Temporal Dispositions, Temporal Leadership, and Corporate Entrepreneurship". <i>Administrative Science Quarterly</i> (in Engels). <b>62</b> (1): 31–66. <a href="/wiki/Digitale_objek-identifiseerder" title="Digitale objek-identifiseerder">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0001839216663504">10.1177/0001839216663504</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0001-8392">0001-8392</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Administrative+Science+Quarterly&rft.atitle=It%27s+about+Time%21+CEOs%27+Temporal+Dispositions%2C+Temporal+Leadership%2C+and+Corporate+Entrepreneurship&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=31-66&rft.date=2017-03-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1177%2F0001839216663504&rft.issn=0001-8392&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Jianhong&rft.au=Nadkarni%2C+Sucheta&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3ABeginonderneming" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-61">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">"Hong Kong in Honduras", <a href="/wiki/The_Economist" title="The Economist">The Economist</a>, 10 Desember 10, 2011.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-62">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">"Hong Kong in Honduras", <a href="/wiki/The_Economist" title="The Economist">The Economist</a>, 10 Desember 2011.</span> </li> </ol></div> <p><br /> </p> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Nuvola_apps_bookcase_2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Nuvola_apps_bookcase_2.svg/20px-Nuvola_apps_bookcase_2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Nuvola_apps_bookcase_2.svg/30px-Nuvola_apps_bookcase_2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Nuvola_apps_bookcase_2.svg/40px-Nuvola_apps_bookcase_2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="102" /></a></span> Hierdie artikel is in sy geheel of gedeeltelik uit die <span class="plainlinks"></span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Startup_company" class="extiw" title="en:Startup company">Engelse Wikipedia</a> vertaal.</li></ul> <div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Normdata_frameless_&#124;text-top_&#124;10px_&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata_&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q129238&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th id="Normdata_frameless_&#124;text-top_&#124;10px_&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata_&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q129238&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hulp:Normdata" title="Hulp:Normdata">Normdata</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q129238" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/National_Diet_Library" class="mw-redirect" title="National Diet Library">NDL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00939841">00939841</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Ontsluit van "<a dir="ltr" href="https://af.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Beginonderneming&oldid=2700132">https://af.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Beginonderneming&oldid=2700132</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Kategorie%C3%AB" title="Spesiaal:Kategorieë">Kategorieë</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Besigheid" title="Kategorie:Besigheid">Besigheid</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Firmas" title="Kategorie:Firmas">Firmas</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Versteekte kategorieë: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:AS1-bronne_in_Engels_(en)" title="Kategorie:AS1-bronne in Engels (en)">AS1-bronne in Engels (en)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:AS1-onderhoud:_onerkende_taal" title="Kategorie:AS1-onderhoud: onerkende taal">AS1-onderhoud: onerkende taal</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:AS1-bronne_in_Engels_(VSA)_(en-us)" title="Kategorie:AS1-bronne in Engels (VSA) (en-us)">AS1-bronne in Engels (VSA) (en-us)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Artikels_met_NDL-identifiseerders" title="Kategorie:Artikels met NDL-identifiseerders">Artikels met NDL-identifiseerders</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Normdata_met_1_element" title="Kategorie:Normdata met 1 element">Normdata met 1 element</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Die bladsy is laas op 26 September 2024 om 14:27 bygewerk.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Die teks is beskikbaar onder die lisensie <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Erkenning-Insgelyks Deel</a>. Aanvullende voorwaardes kan moontlik ook van toepassing wees. Sien die <a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use">Algemene Voorwaardes</a> vir meer inligting.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privaatheidsbeleid</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Oor">Inligting oor Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Voorwaardes">Vrywaring</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Gedragskode</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Ontwikkelaars</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/af.wikipedia.org">Statistieke</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Koekieverklaring</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//af.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Beginonderneming&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Selfoonweergawe</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.canary-84779d6bf6-wgwwp","wgBackendResponseTime":160,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.511","walltime":"0.562","ppvisitednodes":{"value":2670,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":97552,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":71,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":8,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":2,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":199078,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 449.415 1 -total"," 86.24% 387.555 1 Sjabloon:Verwysings"," 27.08% 121.694 17 Sjabloon:Cite_journal"," 23.19% 104.216 4 Sjabloon:Cite_news"," 22.81% 102.503 22 Sjabloon:Cite_web"," 12.08% 54.269 1 Sjabloon:Normdata"," 2.32% 10.418 1 Sjabloon:Cite_book"," 1.64% 7.380 1 Sjabloon:Vertaaluit"," 1.18% 5.285 1 Sjabloon:Vv/naamkeurder"," 0.62% 2.800 1 Sjabloon:ISBN"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.319","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":4051698,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-7d9797f5d-pb8g7","timestamp":"20241119222303","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Beginonderneming","url":"https:\/\/af.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Beginonderneming","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q129238","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q129238","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2020-05-27T15:37:16Z","dateModified":"2024-09-26T14:27:06Z"}</script> </body> </html>