Vísindavefurinn: Töluðu Danir og Íslendingar einhvern tíma sama tungumálið?

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class="instructions-close" href="#">Til baka <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="feather feather-arrow-left"><line x1="19" y1="12" x2="5" y2="12"></line><polyline points="12 19 5 12 12 5"></polyline></svg></a> <h2>Sendu inn spurningu </h2> <div class="instructions-more"> <p class="first">Hér getur þú sent okkur nýjar spurningar um vísindaleg efni.</p> <p>Hafðu spurninguna stutta og hnitmiðaða og sendu aðeins eina í einu. Einlægar og vandaðar spurningar um mikilvæg efni eru líklegastar til að kalla fram vönduð og greið svör. Ekki er víst að tími vinnist til að svara öllum spurningum.</p> <p>Persónulegar upplýsingar um spyrjendur eru eingöngu notaðar í starfsemi vefsins, til dæmis til að svör verði við hæfi spyrjenda. Spurningum er ekki sinnt ef spyrjandi villir á sér heimildir eða segir ekki nægileg deili á sér.</p> <p>Spurningum sem eru ekki á verksviði vefsins er eytt.</p> <p>Að öðru leyti er hægt að spyrja Vísindavefinn um allt milli himins og jarðar!</p> <div class="content-left-sep"></div> </div> <form action="/hvers_vegna.php?id=" method="POST" name="question_send"> <div class="md-fields"> <input type="hidden" name="step" value="4"> <div class="md-input"> <label for="s-fname">Nafn</label> <input type="text" name="f_name" class="send-input" id="s-fname" required="required" value=""> <input type="hidden" name="l_name" class="send-input" id="s-sname" value=""> </div> <div class="md-input"> <label for="s-email">Netfang</label> <input type="email" name="email" class="send-input" id="s-email" required="required" value=""> </div> <div class="md-input"> <label for="s-byear">Fæðingarár</label> <input type="number" name="birthyear" class="send-input" id="s-byear" maxlength="4" required="required" value=""> </div> <div class="md-input"> <label for="s-math">Ruslpóstvörn</label> <input type="hidden" name="vv_math_problem_hash_id" class="vv_math_problem_hash_id" id="vv_math_problem_hash_id" value=""> <input type="text" name="vv_math_problem_answer" id="vv_math_problem_answer" class="send-input" valuesize="2" maxlength="2" required="required" style="width: 30%;"> <span class="s-math-container"> = <span class="math_problem_num1_txt"></span> <img class="math_problem_math_icon" src="" /> <span class="math_problem_num2_txt"></span> </span> </div> <div class="md-input"> <label for="s-question">Spurning</label> <textarea type="text" name="question" class="send-input i-question" id="s-question" rows="6" required="required"></textarea> </div> </div> <div class="md-actions"> <button type="button" value="" class="btn btn-white"><i data-feather="x"></i> Hætta við</button> <button type="submit" value="Senda" class="btn send-button"><i data-feather="check"></i> Senda</button> </div> </form> </div> <section class="layout"> <div class="main-content"> <div class="backdrop-blue">  <div class="article-header layout-item"> <div class="breadcrumbs-button"> <img class="br-arrow" src="/design/i_vv/icon-arrow-left.svg"> <img class="br-home" src="/design/i_vv/icon-home.svg"> <a class="br-back" href="/">Forsíða</a> <a href="/vegna_thess.php?id=2">Hugvísindi</a> <a href="/vegna_thess.php?id=28">Málvísindi: íslensk</a> <span>Töluðu Danir og Íslendingar einhvern tíma sama tungumálið?</span> </div> <div class="headline-elements"> <div class="breadcrumbs"> <div class="b-left"> <p class="top">Flokkun:</p> </div> <div class="b-right"> <span class="b-date">29.5.2002</span> <div class="b-cat"> <a href="/vegna_thess.php?id=2">Hugvísindi</a> <a href="/vegna_thess.php?id=28">Málvísindi: íslensk</a> </div> </div> </div> <h1>Töluðu Danir og Íslendingar einhvern tíma sama tungumálið?</h1> <p class="authors"> Guðrún Kvaran </p> </div>  <div class="sp-top-img" > <a href="http://www.arnastofnun.is/" target="_blank"><img src="/auglysingar/arnastofnun_merki_2024.png" alt="Árnastofnun - mynd í *Árnarstofnun" /></a> </div>  </div> </div> <div class="article-wrapper layout-item"> <section class="content-left"> <article class="default-article"> <section class="article-text" id="vv-article-text-area"> <div id="readspeaker_button1" class="rs_skip rsbtn rs_preserve" style="text-align: right; display:block;"> <a rel="nofollow" class="rsbtn_play" accesskey="L" title="Hlustaðu á þessa síðu lesna af ReadSpeaker webReader" href="//app-eu.readspeaker.com/cgi-bin/rsent?customerid=10303&lang=is_is&voice=is_dora&readid=vv-article-text-area&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.visindavefur.is%2Fsvar.php%3Fid%3D2437"> <span class="rsbtn_left rsimg rspart"><span class="rsbtn_text"><span>Hlusta</span></span></span> <span class="rsbtn_right rsimg rsplay rspart"></span> </a> </div> <img src="myndir/frumnorraena_020602.jpg" class=right border=0>Íslenska og danska teljast til germanskra mála sem greinast í þrjá flokka: vesturgermönsk mál (til dæmis enska, þýska, hollenska), austurgermönsk mál (gotneska) og norðurgermönsk mál (danska, norska, sænska, íslenska og færeyska). Fyrst í stað töluðu þeir sem byggðu Danmörku, Noreg og Svíþjóð eitt mál sem kallað hefur verið frumnorræna. Elstu heimildir um það mál er að finna á rúnaristum frá fyrstu öldum eftir Krist og fram undir 800. Á víkingaöld (um það bil 800-1050 eftir Krist) verða miklar breytingar á frumnorrænu og um svipað leyti greindust norðurgermönsk mál í tvo flokka, vesturnorræn mál (norska, íslenska, færeyska) og austurnorræn mál (sænska og danska). Hvor málaflokkur tók sínum breytingum og varð fyrir utanaðkomandi áhrifum. Oftast er talað um forníslensku og fornnorsku, fornsænsku og forndönsku fram undir 1500 en eftir það var vaninn að tala um íslensku, norsku, dönsku og sænsku.<p class="br"></p> <p class="br"></p> Þegar Ísland byggðist frá Noregi á síðari hluta 9. aldar var lítill munur á fornnorsku og forndönsku en sá munur jókst eftir því sem tímar liðu. Þeir sem byggðu Ísland voru flestir norskir og málið, sem talað var, var í fyrstu nefnt norræna eða norsk tunga. Ef litið er á landnemana hérlendis sem Íslendinga hafa þeir og Danir talað náskyld tungumál við Íslands byggð en ekki nákvæmlega sama málið.<p class="br"></p> <br><p class="br"></p> <table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 align=center width=400><p class="br"></p> <td height=1 bgcolor=silver></td><p class="br"></p> </table><p class="br"></p> <br><p class="br"></p> Mynd: HB<p class="br"></p> </section> </article> </section> <section class="content-right"> <div id="content-right-wrapper"> <div class="authors"> <h4>Höfundur</h4> <div class="author"><div class="au-img"><img src="/myndir/thumbs/gudrun_kvaran_hofundur_250116_thumb_70w.jpg" alt="Guðrún Kvaran" /></div><div class="au-name"><p><a href="/hofundur/113/gudrun-kvaran/">Guðrún Kvaran</a></p></div><div class="au-pos"><p>prófessor</p></div></div> </div> <div class="publish-date"> <h4>Útgáfudagur</h4> <p>29.5.2002</p> </div> <div class="publisher"> <h4>Spyrjandi</h4> <p>Steinunn Ragna Hjartar</p> </div> <div class="tags"> <h4>Efnisorð</h4> <ul> <li><a href="/search/?q=tungum%C3%A1l">tungumál</a></li> <li><a href="/search/?q=%C3%8Dslendingar">Íslendingar</a></li> <li><a href="/search/?q=Danir">Danir</a></li> <li><a href="/search/?q=norr%C3%A6na">norræna</a></li> <li><a href="/search/?q=forn%C3%ADslenska">forníslenska</a></li> <li><a href="/search/?q=fornnorska">fornnorska</a></li> <li><a href="/search/?q=forndanska">forndanska</a></li> <li><a href="/search/?q=frumnorr%C3%A6na">frumnorræna</a></li> <li><a href="/search/?q=norsk+tunga">norsk tunga</a></li> <li><a href="/search/?q=germ%C3%B6nsk+m%C3%A1l">germönsk mál</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="footnote"> <h4>Tilvísun</h4> <p id="citation_chicago" class="citation_displayed"> Guðrún Kvaran. „Töluðu Danir og Íslendingar einhvern tíma sama tungumálið?“ <i>Vísindavefurinn</i>, 29. maí 2002, sótt 28. nóvember 2024, https://visindavefur.is/svar.php?id=2437. </p> <p id="citation_apa" class="citation_hidden"> Guðrún Kvaran. (2002, 29. maí). <i>Töluðu Danir og Íslendingar einhvern tíma sama tungumálið?</i> Vísindavefurinn. https://visindavefur.is/svar.php?id=2437 </p> <p id="citation_mla" class="citation_hidden"> Guðrún Kvaran. „Töluðu Danir og Íslendingar einhvern tíma sama tungumálið?“ <i>Vísindavefurinn</i>. 29. maí. 2002. Vefsíða. 28. nóv. 2024. <https://visindavefur.is/svar.php?id=2437>. </p> <p class="box-blue citation-buttons-wrapper"> <a href="#citation_chicago" class="citation-button">Chicago</a> <span class="citation-separator">|</span> <a href="#citation_apa" class="citation-button">APA</a> <span class="citation-separator">|</span> <a href="#citation_mla" class="citation-button">MLA</a> </p> </div> <div class="social-share"> <h4>Deila</h4> <div class="share-buttons"> <a href="/send.php?id=6587" class="share email" title="Senda"><img src="/design/i_vv/icon-email-big.svg?2024e" width="32" height="32" color="#10099f"></a> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.visindavefur.is%2Fsvar.php%3Fid%3D2437" class="share" target="_new"><img src="/design/i_vv/icon-facebook.svg"></a> <a 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Fyrst í stað töluðu þeir sem byggðu Danmörku, Noreg og Svíþjóð eitt mál sem kallað hefur verið frumnorræna. Elstu heimildir um það mál er að finna á rúnaristum frá fyrstu öldum eftir Krist og fram undir 800. Á víkingaöld (um það bil 800-1050 eftir Krist) verða miklar breytingar á frumnorrænu og um svipað leyti greindust norðurgermönsk mál í tvo flokka, vesturnorræn mál (norska, íslenska, færeyska) og austurnorræn mál (sænska og danska). Hvor málaflokkur tók sínum breytingum og varð fyrir utanaðkomandi áhrifum. Oftast er talað um forníslensku og fornnorsku, fornsænsku og forndönsku fram undir 1500 en eftir það var vaninn að tala um íslensku, norsku, dönsku og sænsku.<p class="br"></p> <p class="br"></p> Þegar Ísland byggðist frá Noregi á síðari hluta 9. aldar var lítill munur á fornnorsku og forndönsku en sá munur jókst eftir því sem tímar liðu. Þeir sem byggðu Ísland voru flestir norskir og málið, sem talað var, var í fyrstu nefnt norræna eða norsk tunga. Ef litið er á landnemana hérlendis sem Íslendinga hafa þeir og Danir talað náskyld tungumál við Íslands byggð en ekki nákvæmlega sama málið.<p class="br"></p> <br><p class="br"></p> <table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 align=center width=400><p class="br"></p> <td height=1 bgcolor=silver></td><p class="br"></p> </table><p class="br"></p> <br><p class="br"></p> Mynd: HB<p class="br"></p> ...</p> </div> </div> <div class="md-actions"> <button type="button" value="" class="btn btn-white"><i data-feather="x"></i> Hætta við</button> <button type="submit" value="Senda" class="btn send-button"><i data-feather="check"></i> Senda</button> </div> </form> </div> <div id="fb-root"></div> <script>(function(d, s, id) { var js, fjs = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0]; if (d.getElementById(id)) return; js = d.createElement(s); js.id = id; js.src = "//connect.facebook.net/en_US/all.js#xfbml=1"; fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, fjs); }(document, 'script', 'facebook-jssdk'));</script> </body> </html>

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Vísindavefurinn: Töluðu Danir og Íslendingar einhvern tíma sama tungumálið?