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class="mw-page-title-main">Margaret MacDonald (social reformer)</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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<div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Margaret_Ethel_MacDonald&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Margaret Ethel MacDonald">Margaret Ethel MacDonald</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output 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Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Margaret+MacDonald%22+social+reformer">"Margaret MacDonald" social reformer</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Margaret+MacDonald%22+social+reformer+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Margaret+MacDonald%22+social+reformer&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Margaret+MacDonald%22+social+reformer+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Margaret+MacDonald%22+social+reformer">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Margaret+MacDonald%22+social+reformer&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">February 2009</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Margaret MacDonald</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Social_reformer_Gladstone.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fd/Social_reformer_Gladstone.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="282" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="282" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">MacDonald in 1906</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Margaret Ethel Gladstone</div><br /><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1870-07-20</span>)</span>20 July 1870<br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Kensington" title="Kensington">Kensington</a>, <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>, England</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">8 September 1911<span style="display:none">(1911-09-08)</span> (aged 41)<br /><div style="display:inline" class="deathplace"><a href="/wiki/Lincoln%27s_Inn_Fields" title="Lincoln's Inn Fields">Lincoln's Inn Fields</a>, London, England</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Resting place</th><td class="infobox-data label">Spynie Cemetery, <a href="/wiki/Morayshire" class="mw-redirect" title="Morayshire">Morayshire</a>, Scotland</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupation(s)</th><td class="infobox-data role"><a href="/wiki/Feminist" class="mw-redirect" title="Feminist">Feminist</a> and <a href="/wiki/Social_reformer" class="mw-redirect" title="Social reformer">social reformer</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data org"><a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour Party</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Ramsay_MacDonald" title="Ramsay MacDonald">Ramsay MacDonald</a></div> <div style="display:inline-block;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip" title="23 November 1896">1896</span>)<wbr /></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">6, including <a href="/wiki/Malcolm_MacDonald" title="Malcolm MacDonald">Malcolm</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ishbel_MacDonald" title="Ishbel MacDonald">Ishbel</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sheila_Lochhead" title="Sheila Lochhead">Sheila</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Father</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/John_Hall_Gladstone" title="John Hall Gladstone">John Hall Gladstone</a> (1827–1902)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Relatives</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Isabella_Holmes" title="Isabella Holmes">Isabella Holmes</a> (half-sister)</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Margaret Ethel MacDonald</b> (<i><span title="Name at birth"><a href="/wiki/Birth_name#Maiden_and_married_names" title="Birth name">née</a></span></i> <b>Gladstone</b>; 20 July 1870 – 8 September 1911) was a British <a href="/wiki/Feminist" class="mw-redirect" title="Feminist">feminist</a>, <a href="/wiki/Social_reformer" class="mw-redirect" title="Social reformer">social reformer</a>, and wife of Labour politician <a href="/wiki/Ramsay_MacDonald" title="Ramsay MacDonald">Ramsay MacDonald</a> from 1896 until her death from blood poisoning in 1911. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biography">Biography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Margaret_MacDonald_(social_reformer)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Biography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Margaret_MacDonald_(social_reformer)" title="Special:EditPage/Margaret MacDonald (social reformer)">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Margaret+MacDonald%22+social+reformer">"Margaret MacDonald" social reformer</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Margaret+MacDonald%22+social+reformer+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Margaret+MacDonald%22+social+reformer&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Margaret+MacDonald%22+social+reformer+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Margaret+MacDonald%22+social+reformer">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Margaret+MacDonald%22+social+reformer&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">January 2022</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Margaret Gladstone was born on 20 July 1870 in Kensington, London, to <a href="/wiki/John_Hall_Gladstone" title="John Hall Gladstone">John Hall Gladstone</a>, later <a href="/wiki/Fullerian_Professor_of_Chemistry" title="Fullerian Professor of Chemistry">Fullerian Professor of Chemistry</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Institution" title="Royal Institution">Royal Institution</a>, and his second wife Margaret (nee King), a niece of <a href="/wiki/Lord_Kelvin" title="Lord Kelvin">Lord Kelvin</a>. Her mother died soon after she was born. She was educated both <a href="/wiki/Governess" title="Governess">at home</a> and at <a href="/w/index.php?title=Doreck_College&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Doreck College (page does not exist)">Doreck College</a> in <a href="/wiki/Bayswater" title="Bayswater">Bayswater</a>. Early in adulthood she was involved in voluntary <a href="/wiki/Social_work" title="Social work">social work</a>, including visits for the <a href="/wiki/Charity_Organisation_Society" title="Charity Organisation Society">Charity Organisation Society</a> in <a href="/wiki/Hoxton" title="Hoxton">Hoxton</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Simkin_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Simkin-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Her half sister was <a href="/wiki/Isabella_Holmes" title="Isabella Holmes">Isabella Holmes</a>, who later became a noted social reformer, and an expert on London's burial grounds.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By 1890, Margaret was a keen socialist, influenced by the <a href="/wiki/Christian_socialists" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian socialists">Christian socialists</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Fabian_Society" title="Fabian Society">Fabian Society</a>. </p><p>In 1894, she joined the <a href="/wiki/Women%27s_Industrial_Council" title="Women's Industrial Council">Women's Industrial Council</a>, serving on several committees and organising the enquiry into home work in London, which was published in 1897. She met Ramsay MacDonald through this work in 1895 and they married in 1896. She was comfortably off, although not wealthy. This allowed them to indulge in foreign travel, visiting <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a> and the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> in 1897, <a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a> in 1902, <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a> and <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a> in 1906, and <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> several times. </p><p>After her marriage she was concerned about the need for skilled work and training for women and played a key part in establishing the first <a href="/wiki/Vocational_school" title="Vocational school">trade schools</a> for girls in 1904. She continued this work until 1910.<sup id="cite_ref-Simkin_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Simkin-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>She was a member of the <a href="/wiki/National_Union_of_Women_Workers" class="mw-redirect" title="National Union of Women Workers">National Union of Women Workers</a>. She served on the executive of the <a href="/wiki/National_Union_of_Women%27s_Suffrage_Societies" title="National Union of Women's Suffrage Societies">National Union of Women's Suffrage Societies</a>, and she was opposed to militant action. In 1906 she became involved in the formation of the <a href="/wiki/Women%27s_Labour_League" title="Women's Labour League">Women's Labour League</a>, serving as chair until her death in 1911.<sup id="cite_ref-hartley_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hartley-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The marriage to Ramsay MacDonald was a very happy one, and they had six children, including <a href="/wiki/Malcolm_MacDonald" title="Malcolm MacDonald">Malcolm MacDonald</a> (1901–1981), who had a prominent career as a politician, colonial governor, and diplomat; <a href="/wiki/Ishbel_MacDonald" title="Ishbel MacDonald">Ishbel MacDonald</a> (1903–1982), official hostess to her father and <a href="/wiki/Sheila_MacDonald" class="mw-redirect" title="Sheila MacDonald">Sheila MacDonald</a> who had political ambitions.<sup id="cite_ref-sorb_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sorb-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After Margaret MacDonald's death on 8 September 1911, Ramsay MacDonald became <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Prime Minister of the United Kingdom">Prime Minister of the United Kingdom</a> three times but did not remarry.<sup id="cite_ref-London_Remembers_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-London_Remembers-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ishbel and Sheila served as his hostess at functions.<sup id="cite_ref-sorb_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sorb-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Monument">Monument</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Margaret_MacDonald_(social_reformer)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Monument"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Monument_to_Margaret_MacDonald_by_Richard_Goulden,_in_the_garden_of_Lincoln%27s_Inn_Fields,_London.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Monument_to_Margaret_MacDonald_by_Richard_Goulden%2C_in_the_garden_of_Lincoln%27s_Inn_Fields%2C_London.JPG/220px-Monument_to_Margaret_MacDonald_by_Richard_Goulden%2C_in_the_garden_of_Lincoln%27s_Inn_Fields%2C_London.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Monument_to_Margaret_MacDonald_by_Richard_Goulden%2C_in_the_garden_of_Lincoln%27s_Inn_Fields%2C_London.JPG/330px-Monument_to_Margaret_MacDonald_by_Richard_Goulden%2C_in_the_garden_of_Lincoln%27s_Inn_Fields%2C_London.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Monument_to_Margaret_MacDonald_by_Richard_Goulden%2C_in_the_garden_of_Lincoln%27s_Inn_Fields%2C_London.JPG/440px-Monument_to_Margaret_MacDonald_by_Richard_Goulden%2C_in_the_garden_of_Lincoln%27s_Inn_Fields%2C_London.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3088" data-file-height="2056" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/Memorial_to_Margaret_MacDonald" class="mw-redirect" title="Memorial to Margaret MacDonald">Memorial to Margaret MacDonald</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Richard_Reginald_Goulden" title="Richard Reginald Goulden">Richard Reginald Goulden</a>, in the garden of Lincoln's Inn Fields, London</figcaption></figure> <p>The <i><a href="/wiki/Memorial_to_Margaret_MacDonald" class="mw-redirect" title="Memorial to Margaret MacDonald">Memorial to Margaret MacDonald</a></i> was said to be designed by her husband, and sculpted by <a href="/wiki/Richard_Reginald_Goulden" title="Richard Reginald Goulden">Richard Reginald Goulden</a>. It was unveiled in 1914 in the garden of <a href="/wiki/Lincoln%27s_Inn_Fields" title="Lincoln's Inn Fields">Lincoln's Inn Fields</a>, London.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Margaret_MacDonald_(social_reformer)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Simkin-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Simkin_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Simkin_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFSimkin" class="citation web cs1">Simkin, John. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://spartacus-educational.com/PRmacdonaldM2.htm">"Margaret MacDonald"</a>. <i>Spartacus Educational</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 July</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Spartacus+Educational&rft.atitle=Margaret+MacDonald&rft.aulast=Simkin&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fspartacus-educational.com%2FPRmacdonaldM2.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMargaret+MacDonald+%28social+reformer%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHobson2022" class="citation book cs1">Hobson, James (30 May 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=4wJ0EAAAQBAJ&dq=isabela+holmes+basil+london+burial&pg=PA67"><i>Radical Victorians: The Women & Men Who Dared to Think Differently</i></a>. Yorkshire: Pen & Sword History. p. 67. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781399008266" title="Special:BookSources/9781399008266"><bdi>9781399008266</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 December</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Radical+Victorians%3A+The+Women+%26+Men+Who+Dared+to+Think+Differently&rft.place=Yorkshire&rft.pages=67&rft.pub=Pen+%26+Sword+History&rft.date=2022-05-30&rft.isbn=9781399008266&rft.aulast=Hobson&rft.aufirst=James&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D4wJ0EAAAQBAJ%26dq%3Disabela%2Bholmes%2Bbasil%2Blondon%2Bburial%26pg%3DPA67&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMargaret+MacDonald+%28social+reformer%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hartley-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-hartley_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Cathy Hartley, <i>A Historical Dictionary of British Women</i>, p. 316</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-sorb-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-sorb_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sorb_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLyon2004" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Lyon, Peter (23 September 2004). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/10.1093/ref:odnb/9780198614128.001.0001/odnb-9780198614128-e-31388">"MacDonald, Malcolm John (1901–1981), politician and diplomatist"</a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Dictionary_of_National_Biography#Oxford_Dictionary_of_National_Biography" title="Dictionary of National Biography">Oxford Dictionary of National Biography</a></i>. Vol. 1 (online ed.). Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F31388">10.1093/ref:odnb/31388</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-861412-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-861412-8"><bdi>978-0-19-861412-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=MacDonald%2C+Malcolm+John+%281901%E2%80%931981%29%2C+politician+and+diplomatist&rft.btitle=Oxford+Dictionary+of+National+Biography&rft.edition=online&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2004-09-23&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F31388&rft.isbn=978-0-19-861412-8&rft.aulast=Lyon&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxforddnb.com%2Fview%2F10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F9780198614128.001.0001%2Fodnb-9780198614128-e-31388&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMargaret+MacDonald+%28social+reformer%29" class="Z3988"></span> <span style="font-size:0.95em; font-size:95%; color: var( --color-subtle, #555 )">(Subscription or <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxforddnb.com/help/subscribe#public">UK public library membership</a> required.)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-London_Remembers-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-London_Remembers_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.londonremembers.com/subjects/margaret-ethel-macdonald">"Margaret Ethel MacDonald"</a>. <i>London Remembers</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 July</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=London+Remembers&rft.atitle=Margaret+Ethel+MacDonald&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.londonremembers.com%2Fsubjects%2Fmargaret-ethel-macdonald&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMargaret+MacDonald+%28social+reformer%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.victorianweb.org/sculpture/goulden/5.html">"Memorial Seat for Margaret MacDonald, Lincoln's Inn Fields, by Richard Goulden"</a>. <i>www.victorianweb.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 April</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.victorianweb.org&rft.atitle=Memorial+Seat+for+Margaret+MacDonald%2C+Lincoln%27s+Inn+Fields%2C+by+Richard+Goulden&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.victorianweb.org%2Fsculpture%2Fgoulden%2F5.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMargaret+MacDonald+%28social+reformer%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Margaret_MacDonald_(social_reformer)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=UBDl7AHePaMC&q=margaret+ethel+macdonald">Margaret Ethel Macdonald</a> by James Ramsay MacDonald, Hodder and Stoughton, 1913</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · 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.navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Ramsay_MacDonald" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ramsay_MacDonald" title="Template:Ramsay MacDonald"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ramsay_MacDonald" title="Template talk:Ramsay MacDonald"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ramsay_MacDonald" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ramsay MacDonald"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Ramsay_MacDonald" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Ramsay_MacDonald" title="Ramsay MacDonald">Ramsay MacDonald</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Premierships</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_MacDonald_ministry" title="First MacDonald ministry">Labour Government, 1924</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_MacDonald_ministry" title="Second MacDonald ministry">Labour Government, 1929-1931</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Government_(1931)" title="National Government (1931)">First National Government, 1931</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Government_(1931%E2%80%931935)" title="National Government (1931–1935)">Second National Government, 1931-1935</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="7" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:J._Ramsay_MacDonald_LCCN2014715885_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/J._Ramsay_MacDonald_LCCN2014715885_%28cropped%29.jpg/100px-J._Ramsay_MacDonald_LCCN2014715885_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/J._Ramsay_MacDonald_LCCN2014715885_%28cropped%29.jpg/150px-J._Ramsay_MacDonald_LCCN2014715885_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/J._Ramsay_MacDonald_LCCN2014715885_%28cropped%29.jpg/200px-J._Ramsay_MacDonald_LCCN2014715885_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3227" data-file-height="4567" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General elections</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1923_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1923 United Kingdom general election">1923</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1924_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1924 United Kingdom general election">1924</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1929_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1929 United Kingdom general election">1929</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1931_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1931 United Kingdom general election">1931</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1935_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1935 United Kingdom general election">1935</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Constituencies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leicester_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Leicester (UK Parliament constituency)">Leicester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aberavon_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Aberavon (UK Parliament constituency)">Aberavon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seaham_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Seaham (UK Parliament constituency)">Seaham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combined_Scottish_Universities_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Combined Scottish Universities (UK Parliament constituency)">Combined Scottish Universities</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Career</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gladstone%E2%80%93MacDonald_pact" title="Gladstone–MacDonald pact">Gladstone–MacDonald pact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1922_Labour_Party_leadership_election_(UK)" title="1922 Labour Party leadership election (UK)">1922 party leadership election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Campbell_Case" title="Campbell Case">Campbell Case</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_votes_of_no_confidence_in_British_governments#Defeat_of_the_MacDonald_ministry" class="mw-redirect" title="List of votes of no confidence in British governments">Defeat of the MacDonald ministry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zinoviev_letter" title="Zinoviev letter">Zinoviev letter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Depression_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Great Depression in the United Kingdom">Great Depression</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Naval_Treaty" title="London Naval Treaty">London Naval Treaty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Round_Table_Conferences_(India)" title="Round Table Conferences (India)">India Round Table Conferences</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communal_Award" title="Communal Award">MacDonald Award</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Government_(United_Kingdom)" title="National Government (United Kingdom)">National Government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-German_Naval_Agreement" title="Anglo-German Naval Agreement">Anglo-German Naval Agreement</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Ethel_MacDonald" class="mw-redirect" title="Margaret Ethel MacDonald">Margaret Ethel MacDonald</a> (wife)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malcolm_MacDonald" title="Malcolm MacDonald">Malcolm MacDonald</a> (son)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ishbel_MacDonald" title="Ishbel MacDonald">Ishbel MacDonald</a> (daughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheila_Lochhead" title="Sheila Lochhead">Sheila MacDonald</a> (daughter)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cultural depictions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill:_The_Wilderness_Years" title="Winston Churchill: The Wilderness Years">Winston Churchill: The Wilderness Years</a></i> (TV, 1981)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gandhi_(film)" title="Gandhi (film)">Gandhi</a></i> (Film, 1982)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Number_10_(TV_series)" title="Number 10 (TV series)">Number 10</a></i> (TV, 1983)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mosley_(TV_serial)" title="Mosley (TV serial)">Mosley</a></i> (TV, 1998)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related articles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1921_Woolwich_East_by-election" title="1921 Woolwich East by-election">1921 Woolwich East by-election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1936_Combined_Scottish_Universities_by-election" title="1936 Combined Scottish Universities by-election">1936 Combined Scottish Universities by-election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lady_Margaret_Sackville" title="Lady Margaret Sackville">Lady Margaret Sackville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MacDonald_letter" title="MacDonald letter">MacDonald letter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MV_Reina_del_Pacifico" title="MV Reina del Pacifico">MV <i>Reina del Pacifico</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Labour_Organisation" title="National Labour Organisation">National Labour Organisation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6759672#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div 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style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/119004933">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/nr88012184">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p074280201">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.kbr.be/LIBRARY/doc/AUTHORITY/14577476">Belgium</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/1494942">Trove</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Margaret_MacDonald_(social_reformer)&oldid=1244116884">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Margaret_MacDonald_(social_reformer)&oldid=1244116884</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1870_births" title="Category:1870 births">1870 births</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1911_deaths" title="Category:1911 deaths">1911 deaths</a></li><li><a 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