CINXE.COM

Just a moment...

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="390"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "journals.biologists.com",cType: 'managed',cRay: '8e7498316cbb8bc9',cH: 'd4WPySCaSAvkP388lRzCUDQ_Q_o0ZY7ddJ1KeEbN6hg-1732400929-1.2.1.1-T0o1MVCuGpHc0z466Dn2GvmGpBDjv4S0YyoWODGGm.TCobnKEKQW4v.QKl2qU7Gp',cUPMDTk: "\/dmm\/article\/17\/11\/dmm052002\/362931\/Modulation-of-SNARE-dependent-exocytosis-in?__cf_chl_tk=M3XDZrdvWtPSsS5NLZS5E4Dcx2uI2nCy9ND3eu_VLKw-1732400929-1.0.1.1-7s4VnzKXVaq2YJu7ZwRdW9z0cyNH3o74KczLiKry.pA",cFPWv: 'g',cITimeS: '1732400929',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '390000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/dmm\/article\/17\/11\/dmm052002\/362931\/Modulation-of-SNARE-dependent-exocytosis-in?__cf_chl_f_tk=M3XDZrdvWtPSsS5NLZS5E4Dcx2uI2nCy9ND3eu_VLKw-1732400929-1.0.1.1-7s4VnzKXVaq2YJu7ZwRdW9z0cyNH3o74KczLiKry.pA",md: "YF00FNiTL.d2ycIzRr8SRznmV_ESDpkZxe6iyj1bz60-1732400929-1.2.1.1-a_V8Z3V6FRDygGyNTHo24jecAHOZkyfSwOzihqydaKf9WUke_FwGYrd_7R1b.iNZ6Z4YTMt4OSNGHgIXVxG8329tDWeI5raHRqQraVwAfTuxbo2KsJcNgyu98WnuOEGmeA.TDucBSG2fWY40iHNY1oo_kzrywd684bZ0hXaheO3E3Mr83_GJ2rZOPyioZFqLCn13msrhIZrpRCrP2JRLNyLP4Vsc8h_Tlvx0Cpqi6hw9xtGVG3VrtWigliskRkZJ6Lv6rltmTOpwe2BRJSAWYwRHPdto8iB5swohLSmG4RqlbUkXsxknf1.NHN2zny3p7ZzbgvupFAB5ZDSPeWyZx1okbqnz7S4OuFy0zelY97IRUawvO4Dy19FMA4q65LvstHwkkFEgroxXmq3EAErbYayBrpZMx4tIrO7tDNoPQuUDDVop0xjbzCwZ8umPhltluMnscXjrrgIDVb6SW82lr_g.tmCcfrNjv3eFK.CnVQ7XPV9qGLRAiafJs_ZKsLXtepZx9rcSL5tFTJuX9x2MUMzVDBHz4lFwZyQ_Bj6TGVqYbIbuh53nfGN7CuDPtb3UtPRqWKFB_73lHAgpJaGleFNvYBtCIHA1Wxa3aEtAv2a23hm1XaQcPQC6I0HjbVEsDweoatNpyoM5.5WNmPAqfvQCyDx38bCcZ4pVGjm2.sJhVLYj1BGJ1_dpGhf2y7ciRBMYsHzyUCApJgnBeGz3czGe28jbEjiGuVUsp6ZMaCP.OUOnwDziIhntdpuhzJ1OhLMQj9XjFYsszyePXPET0RAyVmTdb8RQWWTjfusPozFB2Junkkavz4l1DoIDOnJ2uKSNuvN.i5pdXIyqy.dl3SGKx9h1pB3g.IGvBHacf.DnhkAPt8TdqbG7Z.EqSXcA3Me5VzFcn4CCYn0t2OzLc_HAAJAEgUZxqfAT7fGAiTvSLHHbZq1seX972PQg2Bg.P_iERupNgw8mGbPe919G89U96juOlhFbZHEZpoqLZnkoWFg3kjlrtA8BwaaErXbsNrhxLA320rdHuyaYEKXcLBI9gC7Ukrc2xoH7wfiM9Zy6tAWvi1qmN518Bh5xvPJbxZ_7zsRS8Hf4tAhrUTFXEPFdzNOCwlucxfX7H7Oc2HGWAGIBiXhOiQZp9xspLlCWr47xDt6nDT_l0PklmTwLEsar0wRADromAFSvjM9knUB9SaCWU5bQRYSTcBIm6vMpAtsova0trLv1hAFg1XJqI4SHYn5SoOoiUInQrHhNZZm3LaGlXYqSNtFFNEzvTRjq3YqtwoDBxmez1TH7rsguWk2fXgtHo.LRmpA6o15Xre8_o3VYAF62C0LD3fkRuZEvuJ1FlMKFSkkhE2YgOstJcKBd4KMq8vC9EP81gK.hoQxn9OmgGnwEQtJx0ssG119eWh.k8sUj6i82vuy7FXmWZM.490EsDigCkZqs_pev9FtpukBRSvCVRaupOIgvqbUf3M9Amd6YMC2tCgh.IIwEylitiMcoxxScpqur2rKED5_2y2ZYPMlYBqPTO3AP_jf0VirFbDibbe53Q.ipblbx3ZCEEeVRZlT6evsFDsWqtknkxym8sJCKTTWj5v2KyMtXwYnh.Vmmy_iTdeHsqIIs3sJBodrQ8HvcmKN3FrVaI82LkHYW1OZlNGDDqZhvJ1T2eVNEO2poI1VmhCQKC991ZvCwG7VkjYzPcg1ZoYeWYEYxc4RxReLnxis1UiGKwMbjx9SES9HLjnZn8H_VjVF0dknqQqKS.ac_tHPVqgW5EpOJwpVMU_N2fTq_YqUt0j8UZ7Uqjr0c_pXsfdt35lFYNq3uXtXk.TQqjhxI3BEhhc9MucJV0CWFdpWn6joarra_UPA7A9scslckoOHmtsQMfMiI8Wy1Zuf2EpQ3PqYsXaY6X9LwHTZ0ZYDnTJg1FFd.7fITSVUugEKeBIsbBKzBYHRjHh3LDu4n3rNThB5bp9F2SnaydQ.yyV3K37YmZhRQ73nIwXcDHDwxgxsdvUkpvg4wPaAo4h47cla840STTzuCVSmkRRm1.tRFfvQQC_QqVY9RG9GAHUW9Hwr6WCQnR3tHl32y4xf8Oea_Hlc5YuvZn3INMo0XfBjBLbbD88m15vFiNUqtMsiBBUb.6_d0iSVK8.FHm2IOzWhPVQI3128NcaPz8UVIgivNUX6521DQC1fz9iizPVnN5F8sc5SkkrXyRL4xWOKub4kkhPItrZ.k.vwiy88pI4tJRq1sCVp24TdyHrqR.UIvzkrISmWEcFCmn4zyTgqgA8.SwHLtwWz0n1Swp_tDOE3oIhC6a7z5T43gOD0bRsyQnIFvVjuflZEHPRGh9n44650.E6y0xZd.qNnhjZMgk9aVg8vkAN4II7MVzE7Nqa9W9eWT7Fevcnzix7vB8w3MgHrGzHpiO9ePy0JY3ARC93AJQCNdnGRXhmCFpAAmv_QPGu53u1ZA4NtVhGFajgFQpscCkhN6OaYvubv4QuXj51AmwgroDb2NMr51.5qnBFeQLsPtLffH.QNCwrhG9dbA59iNS7ySkGebZ9xU8tGnbSAmh3TUH0Y24ijXYKzmWvDf5uSkm8yMTH_KIMdoAE_X5JnVLvh335yTmmoC03lZ3UNFmLVROZr8zwqBdfqXRT5QOR8zUestIqlVziEbymQaK9X1C4i5qhU.3NWIiLZF2MN7vkZI.JMbHGSs9.G_F4UlkBEOVkTFnyonS6.G_O3a.0R8XYUf6zU7zO8W8lRhpjI2SmnP1BzTPaYPXTTKbvMxLL1PK58KEi_CfvLfp5iNR.S5gXv8JlGMjweUIMbwIaiDaCjV0Mybvang0CpzLxIZU2N7RhANl091oteC0YZv_tl9bS4CC4fp9Plh81a.IcFhDUoipDuOlwQX6uXZ.ZmEF9UZoFTG0OJ4G6ZwVzGA00voRXucTeT33BZmcVdkJ4t3qEbYKo_zOBr04bGOS9OXTf3wY7eDJA1NdB7Bj4aSSDnyB7y1yes6mRFWfK4sa_DORa2aunuDhg5crbNEGyZZIr87fIt4tAMehsrQpDbn246dn81KOSs4QFZ30PomO9gHsuetganY4iyjKcOC785Mw39ObAjK2p66zJDJ4IEdHW6z1w77nDKwmYulRgh9O.XMPvqHAC3o",mdrd: "2kbUrA5stzi.obZz4k3mS1u8Wv8EtiV1qrSeplTemKA-1732400929-1.2.1.1-DDSkcz9IDM5sXnER0KNEIvnNqcZ63R.sMbG_AOokLwpgzYOCGhhJFv81284aM6jEkXx82UUHbYAAHY_Ajq3IbMEXhFJqd9bYhxqq1T.FOz.JYEYLz08i6mBaHPjNLnCwx87LwgZpZP5dmGl5L.gPR1eL4x6GLEv2hMTyNm.bZDpzzvnSkgxm3BXk2Qy0W71_aSLZCYkXtYBlaXz4RhUOzH9i4NItVxiLn0KFZbnpDR6ZJpJx0bdGjRHfepHwqf7wDsw4wACou9IoloC7ghnEZbbLN8bvIsgh.HYsA2Cqj7_a1a2jHdRqspX97jLRcAGx544EKRpKE7e3BgvvXYAUTMRT4OWymTvtWKV5MUDMMB2zEYfYTigd2B.a4H9wFYXecWBigeKk5Wivb0kCtHEd2t8V8YTl.48g6W3Q3A2AuDX2ZeDMdh.wGhFbQ1809g7DrgPo7BM3ayzGURKkWge7vseF0dwLcDT61YrpyQX21joZjN4lAVrlCaBNXbcF4L2iyFsXwccVdnxkKv2AfudkqfImi.rphgiLm9fpfPW.p_yq_4Y2gwDRnU3Bc7ILu6u2rn7bfFYey4tStWMlMRrTHETAZMLaFoQFynIHPTUJVc14Kn0CYFJunEg5PqLqX1AthBXawqaBFZQO6.aRZQ81LVLePDMQqoVEw.FQ9NKG7dYRTu1nr3c_fkHa4fC3u5SzDJynjUo5lGaSlEiDpCZH5F2qEJQFsyRqi12IDJ2fcunXB.a2RKkLJT9P9CS5Dr3VJY7NmykL33X1dn2C9p.SZGLpnSyqYhU8wUxF1F0zmT6c3khZFDuZEfRl_JjQnXvWGXAnohXv2tCqTryobeoLHU3Upbeo9IL5psJjoxcLaxNA.JWDzN2OqKY8Y0D14SKl40LlH6QesD68hjG9KeSFZyG2bhY15U5hwNRi.vE8bpWv079mmKQAUhx0WHoI5io.5BYXCxKvdTtzWI0gy9lAYdcWOYR7q0PUsOn9okLyHjIFFFXcAK2rdg7kKeA1yYRT_YsvlTJMOMEknBYEdUGlt0Hi8gUXrihJNJdOTo_wkvFSjzROsbkdOsXQbKWUliwtf1MEh.UfrZoNp7JCsoUj_hnRY3_OEwkBdIryvVME1ST579RDgHmEGfcH36KhJGcUGEqCOHpMw5GUvQab1RGdTznHAD4j7xLsPiZPjONM6fdNeGrE8mcVtHnH70G7qKzPEPNIdVeH0kfvzGO5zWdf.RDvgzN.rPWpjX.JuaMuqEkvdEY5mCE8MVutx8W_PXVE7VUcV5qKzEVRQzg5JXaC7Wzaz2WMno5EUOgrE88gHO2KTf4mqJhNfQaKYQnisgSTMrqLajGInHiWPmuWeyFk0UDW7iV2eSLl_AeTltJrulxlvdGVQLsrXLqZzJHOMWkVtODXEbttlYT_yiI56Sag..eChkBbqZQKLDN7RV5oGUlAkuNd.QRMdlf4aHqr0okQGaVhkmhHkbS1Utj_7_L_N2A0eS5gS0caD.oNMFcx11J.VQNBv84WFTfEOrkYWUhTJ.MKbB1r7rwhgcCEmFvLsmAug5RdonLoXRztolRsw0Gs3Nb_ZKXjepqqx09N4PFAtDgSo0PFF5Y9yNgy6IiwSzcIP_iaX.vJdEVtHV7rU_sWF8NE2mI99OwnY_pQfVgrfIX1qVGBY5alKzLp0u4oI7OHzCGDrm4QuJGbWDA_dDfiZ5xD1ijI0foFQwISvcMAcz_vHtFqQkD2KbI1Tld8sJV9VY9yELVKE6Yi3hwsKuun0RT13wFGFCDvNqR.BbP9hpekzr0eDIH5HLoSQfRBfNuT9TBNi6OU0BAbq3yksI3HCKRmg7lunePbHm9gmad8yQHtx1cefq7yWoNSnvaMP_NRSWGlER1KQIlgvfVYoWoSNe4_583Qe6gpShoCGqWccgzTN10JouSG..L2NHmoCRSL44Bd6e_QekrWx1I0_.i4qflzBKeVnipfK1TjU3xXOicqf3lfMrjWKA1f3rpL9w"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/g/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=8e7498316cbb8bc9';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/dmm\/article\/17\/11\/dmm052002\/362931\/Modulation-of-SNARE-dependent-exocytosis-in?__cf_chl_rt_tk=M3XDZrdvWtPSsS5NLZS5E4Dcx2uI2nCy9ND3eu_VLKw-1732400929-1.0.1.1-7s4VnzKXVaq2YJu7ZwRdW9z0cyNH3o74KczLiKry.pA" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>