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class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">เมนูหลัก</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">ย้ายเมนูไปที่แถบด้านข้าง</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">ซ่อน</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> การนำทาง </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81" title="เยี่ยมชมหน้าหลัก [z]" accesskey="z"><span>หน้าหลัก</span></a></li><li id="n-ask" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2:%E0%B8%96%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B3%E0%B8%96%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1"><span>ถามคำถาม</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%96%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A2:%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%93%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99" title="ค้นหาข้อมูลเบื้องหลังในเหตุการณ์ปัจจุบัน"><span>เหตุการณ์ปัจจุบัน</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a 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id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="ค้นหาใน วิกิพีเดีย" aria-label="ค้นหาใน วิกิพีเดีย" autocapitalize="sentences" title="ค้นหาวิกิ [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="พิเศษ:ค้นหา"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">ค้นหา</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="เครื่องมือส่วนตัว"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div 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class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_th.wikipedia.org&uselang=th" class=""><span>บริจาคให้วิกิพีเดีย</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%9C%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%89%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%89%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88&returnto=%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="แนะนำให้คุณสร้างบัญชีและเข้าสู่ระบบ แต่ไม่บังคับ" class=""><span>สร้างบัญชี</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99&returnto=%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="แนะนำให้คุณเข้าสู่ระบบ แต่ไม่บังคับ [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>เข้าสู่ระบบ</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="ตัวเลือกเพิ่มเติม" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="เครื่องมือส่วนตัว" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">เครื่องมือส่วนตัว</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="เมนูผู้ใช้" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_th.wikipedia.org&uselang=th"><span>บริจาคให้วิกิพีเดีย</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%9C%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%89%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%89%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88&returnto=%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="แนะนำให้คุณสร้างบัญชีและเข้าสู่ระบบ แต่ไม่บังคับ"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>สร้างบัญชี</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99&returnto=%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="แนะนำให้คุณเข้าสู่ระบบ แต่ไม่บังคับ [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>เข้าสู่ระบบ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> หน้าสำหรับผู้แก้ไขที่ออกจากระบบ <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%89:%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B3" aria-label="เรียนรู้เพิ่มเกี่ยวกับการแก้ไข"><span>เรียนรู้เพิ่มเติม</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B7%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%89%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%99" title="รายการการแก้ไขจากเลขที่อยู่ไอพีนี้ [y]" accesskey="y"><span>ส่วนร่วม</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%89%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99" title="อภิปรายเกี่ยวกับการแก้ไขจากเลขที่อยู่ไอพีนี้ [n]" accesskey="n"><span>คุย</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="ไซต์"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="สารบัญ" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">สารบัญ</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">ย้ายเมนูไปที่แถบด้านข้าง</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">ซ่อน</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">บทนำ</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-พรรคการเมือง" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#พรรคการเมือง"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>พรรคการเมือง</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-พรรคการเมือง-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-รายนามประธานาธิบดี" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#รายนามประธานาธิบดี"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>รายนามประธานาธิบดี</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-รายนามประธานาธิบดี-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle รายนามประธานาธิบดี subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-รายนามประธานาธิบดี-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Syrian_Federation_under_the_French_Mandate_(1922–1924)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Syrian_Federation_under_the_French_Mandate_(1922–1924)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Syrian Federation under the French Mandate (1922–1924)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Syrian_Federation_under_the_French_Mandate_(1922–1924)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-State_of_Syria_under_the_French_Mandate_(1925–1930)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#State_of_Syria_under_the_French_Mandate_(1925–1930)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>State of Syria under the French Mandate (1925–1930)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-State_of_Syria_under_the_French_Mandate_(1925–1930)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Syrian_Republic_under_the_French_Mandate_(1930–1945)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Syrian_Republic_under_the_French_Mandate_(1930–1945)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Syrian Republic under the French Mandate (1930–1945)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Syrian_Republic_under_the_French_Mandate_(1930–1945)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Syrian_Republic_(1945–1958)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Syrian_Republic_(1945–1958)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Syrian Republic (1945–1958)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Syrian_Republic_(1945–1958)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-United_Arab_Republic_(1958–1961)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#United_Arab_Republic_(1958–1961)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>United Arab Republic (1958–1961)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-United_Arab_Republic_(1958–1961)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Syrian_Arab_Republic_(1961–present)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Syrian_Arab_Republic_(1961–present)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>Syrian Arab Republic (1961–present)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Syrian_Arab_Republic_(1961–present)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ดูเพิ่ม" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ดูเพิ่ม"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>ดูเพิ่ม</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ดูเพิ่ม-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-อ้างอิง" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#อ้างอิง"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>อ้างอิง</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-อ้างอิง-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="สารบัญ" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">ประธานาธิบดีซีเรีย</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="ไปที่บทความในภาษาอื่น ซึ่งมีใน 23 ภาษา" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-23" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">23 ภาษา</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%85%D8%A9_%D8%B1%D8%A4%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A1_%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="قائمة رؤساء سوريا – อาหรับ" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="قائمة رؤساء سوريا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="อาหรับ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="حكام سوريا – อาหรับพื้นเมืองอียิปต์" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="حكام سوريا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="อาหรับพื้นเมืองอียิปต์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suriya_prezidentl%C9%99rinin_siyah%C4%B1s%C4%B1" title="Suriya prezidentlərinin siyahısı – อาเซอร์ไบจาน" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Suriya prezidentlərinin siyahısı" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="อาเซอร์ไบจาน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Llista_de_presidents_de_S%C3%ADria" title="Llista de presidents de Síria – คาตาลัน" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Llista de presidents de Síria" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="คาตาลัน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DB%8E%DA%95%D8%B3%D8%AA%DB%8C_%D8%B3%DB%95%D8%B1%DB%86%DA%A9_%DA%A9%DB%86%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%95%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="پێڕستی سەرۆک کۆمارەکانی سووریا – เคิร์ดตอนกลาง" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="پێڕستی سەرۆک کۆمارەکانی سووریا" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="เคิร์ดตอนกลาง" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liste_der_Staatsoberh%C3%A4upter_Syriens" title="Liste der Staatsoberhäupter Syriens – เยอรมัน" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Liste der Staatsoberhäupter Syriens" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="เยอรมัน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_Syria" title="List of presidents of Syria – อังกฤษ" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="List of presidents of Syria" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="อังกฤษ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%AA_%D8%AD%D8%A7%DA%A9%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%87" title="فهرست حاکمان سوریه – เปอร์เซีย" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="فهرست حاکمان سوریه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="เปอร์เซีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liste_des_chefs_d%27%C3%89tat_de_Syrie" title="Liste des chefs d'État de Syrie – ฝรั่งเศส" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Liste des chefs d'État de Syrie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="ฝรั่งเศส" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Listo_pri_prezidanti_di_Siria" title="Listo pri prezidanti di Siria – อีโด" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Listo pri prezidanti di Siria" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="อีโด" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presidenti_della_Siria" title="Presidenti della Siria – อิตาลี" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Presidenti della Siria" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="อิตาลี" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%9E%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%96%E1%83%98%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98" title="სირიის პრეზიდენტი – จอร์เจีย" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="სირიის პრეზიდენტი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="จอร์เจีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lijst_van_presidenten_van_Syri%C3%AB" title="Lijst van presidenten van Syrië – ดัตช์" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Lijst van presidenten van Syrië" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="ดัตช์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liste_over_Syrias_statsoverhoder" title="Liste over Syrias statsoverhoder – นอร์เวย์บุคมอล" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Liste over Syrias statsoverhoder" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="นอร์เวย์บุคมอล" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lista_dels_presidents_de_Siria" title="Lista dels presidents de Siria – อ็อกซิตัน" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Lista dels presidents de Siria" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="อ็อกซิตัน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lista_de_presidentes_da_S%C3%ADria" title="Lista de presidentes da Síria – โปรตุเกส" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Lista de presidentes da Síria" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="โปรตุเกส" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%C4%83_de_conduc%C4%83tori_ai_Siriei" title="Listă de conducători ai Siriei – โรมาเนีย" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Listă de conducători ai Siriei" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="โรมาเนีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lista_%C3%B6ver_Syriens_stats%C3%B6verhuvuden" title="Lista över Syriens statsöverhuvuden – สวีเดน" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Lista över Syriens statsöverhuvuden" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="สวีเดน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B5%D2%B3%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D2%B3%D0%BE%D0%B8_%D0%A1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Феҳристи президентҳои Сурия – ทาจิก" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Феҳристи президентҳои Сурия" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="ทาจิก" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suriye_devlet_ba%C5%9Fkanlar%C4%B1_listesi" title="Suriye devlet başkanları listesi – ตุรกี" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Suriye devlet başkanları listesi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="ตุรกี" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BA_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%96%D0%B2_%D0%A1%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%96%D1%97" title="Список президентів Сирії – ยูเครน" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Список президентів Сирії" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ยูเครน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%DB%81%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%AA_%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%DB%81_%DA%A9%DB%92_%D8%B5%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B1" title="فہرست سوریہ کے صدور – อูรดู" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="فہرست سوریہ کے صدور" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="อูรดู" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%A8_%E1%83%9E%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%96%E1%83%98%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98" title="სირიაშ პრეზიდენტი – เมเกรเลีย" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="სირიაშ პრეზიდენტი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="เมเกรเลีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q14786546#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="แก้ไขลิงก์ข้ามภาษา" class="wbc-editpage">แก้ไขลิงก์</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="เนมสเปซ"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="ดูหน้าเนื้อหา [c]" accesskey="c"><span>บทความ</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%A2:%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="อภิปรายเกี่ยวกับหน้าเนื้อหา (ไม่มีหน้านี้) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>อภิปราย</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" 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data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">เครื่องมือ</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">ย้ายเมนูไปที่แถบด้านข้าง</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">ซ่อน</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="ตัวเลือกเพิ่มเติม" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> การกระทำ </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2"><span>อ่าน</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2&action=edit" title="แก้ไขรหัสต้นฉบับของหน้านี้ [e]" accesskey="e"><span>แก้ไข</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2&action=history"><span>ดูประวัติ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> ทั่วไป </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="รายการหน้าวิกิทุกหน้าที่ลิงก์มาที่นี่ [j]" accesskey="j"><span>หน้าที่ลิงก์มา</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" rel="nofollow" title="รายการเปลี่ยนแปลงล่าสุดในหน้าที่ลิงก์จากหน้านี้ [k]" accesskey="k"><span>การเปลี่ยนแปลงที่เกี่ยวโยง</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2:%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%94" title="อัปโหลดไฟล์ [u]" accesskey="u"><span>อัปโหลดไฟล์</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9" title="รายการหน้าพิเศษทั้งหมด [q]" accesskey="q"><span>หน้าพิเศษ</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2&oldid=11959079" title="ลิงก์ถาวรมารุ่นนี้ของหน้านี้"><span>ลิงก์ถาวร</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2&action=info" title="ข้อมูลเพิ่มเติมเกี่ยวกับหน้านี้"><span>สารสนเทศหน้า</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%87&page=%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2&id=11959079&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="สารสนเทศเกี่ยวกับวิธีการอ้างอิงหน้านี้"><span>อ้างอิงบทความนี้</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fth.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E0%25B8%259B%25E0%25B8%25A3%25E0%25B8%25B0%25E0%25B8%2598%25E0%25B8%25B2%25E0%25B8%2599%25E0%25B8%25B2%25E0%25B8%2598%25E0%25B8%25B4%25E0%25B8%259A%25E0%25B8%2594%25E0%25B8%25B5%25E0%25B8%258B%25E0%25B8%25B5%25E0%25B9%2580%25E0%25B8%25A3%25E0%25B8%25B5%25E0%25B8%25A2"><span>รับยูอาร์แอลแบบสั้น</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fth.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E0%25B8%259B%25E0%25B8%25A3%25E0%25B8%25B0%25E0%25B8%2598%25E0%25B8%25B2%25E0%25B8%2599%25E0%25B8%25B2%25E0%25B8%2598%25E0%25B8%25B4%25E0%25B8%259A%25E0%25B8%2594%25E0%25B8%25B5%25E0%25B8%258B%25E0%25B8%25B5%25E0%25B9%2580%25E0%25B8%25A3%25E0%25B8%25B5%25E0%25B8%25A2"><span>ดาวน์โหลดคิวอาร์โค้ด</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> พิมพ์/ส่งออก </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2"><span>สร้างหนังสือ</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:DownloadAsPdf&page=%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2&action=show-download-screen"><span>ดาวน์โหลดเป็น PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2&printable=yes" title="รุ่นที่พร้อมพิมพ์ของหน้านี้ [p]" accesskey="p"><span>รุ่นพร้อมพิมพ์</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> ในโครงการอื่น </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Presidents_of_Syria" hreflang="en"><span>วิกิมีเดียคอมมอนส์</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q14786546" title="ลิงก์ไปยังสิ่งนี้ในคลังซึ่งเชื่อมโยงข้อมูลต่าง ๆ เข้าด้วยกัน [g]" accesskey="g"><span>สิ่งนี้ในวิกิสนเทศ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="หน้าเครื่องมือ"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="หน้าตา"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">หน้าตา</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">ย้ายเมนูไปที่แถบด้านข้าง</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">ซ่อน</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">จากวิกิพีเดีย สารานุกรมเสรี</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="th" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r10224066">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}html.client-js body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .mbox-text-span{margin-left:23px!important}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}</style><table class="plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-notice" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C:Translation_Latin_Alphabet.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Translation_Latin_Alphabet.svg/40px-Translation_Latin_Alphabet.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Translation_Latin_Alphabet.svg/60px-Translation_Latin_Alphabet.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Translation_Latin_Alphabet.svg/80px-Translation_Latin_Alphabet.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="475" data-file-height="150" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span"><b>หน้านี้มีเนื้อหาเป็นภาษาต่างประเทศ</b> คุณสามารถ<a class="external text" href="https://th.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2&action=edit">ช่วยพัฒนา</a>หน้านี้ได้ด้วยการแปล ยกเว้นหากเนื้อหาเกือบทั้งหมด<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2:A2" class="mw-redirect" title="วิกิพีเดีย:A2">ไม่ใช่ภาษาไทย</a> ให้แจ้งลบแทน</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="infobox" style="width:22em"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;font-size:125%;font-weight:bold">ประธานาธิบดีแห่งสาธารณรัฐอาหรับซีเรีย</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;font-size: 125%; font-weight: normal;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r11549084">.mw-parser-output .script-arabic{font-family:"Scheherazade New","SF Arabic",Scheherazade,Lateef,Amiri,"Noto Naskh Arabic","Droid Arabic Naskh","Microsoft Uighur","Noto Sans Arabic","Sakkal Majalla","Harmattan","Arabic Typesetting","Arabic Transparent","Times New Roman",Arial,Calibri,"Microsoft Sans Serif","Segoe UI",serif,sans-serif;font-weight:normal}</style><span class="script-arabic script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;"> رئيس الجمهورية العربية السورية</span>‎</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;padding-bottom:0.4em; border-bottom:solid 1px #ccd2d9;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C:Seal_of_the_President_of_Syria.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Seal_of_the_President_of_Syria.svg/100px-Seal_of_the_President_of_Syria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="96" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Seal_of_the_President_of_Syria.svg/150px-Seal_of_the_President_of_Syria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Seal_of_the_President_of_Syria.svg/200px-Seal_of_the_President_of_Syria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="443" data-file-height="424" /></a></span><div>ตราประจำตำแหน่ง</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;padding-bottom:0.4em; border-bottom:solid 1px #ccd2d9;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C:Unofficial_standard_of_the_President_of_Syria.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Unofficial_standard_of_the_President_of_Syria.svg/165px-Unofficial_standard_of_the_President_of_Syria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="165" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Unofficial_standard_of_the_President_of_Syria.svg/248px-Unofficial_standard_of_the_President_of_Syria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Unofficial_standard_of_the_President_of_Syria.svg/330px-Unofficial_standard_of_the_President_of_Syria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><div>ธงประจำตำแหน่ง</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><div style="padding-bottom:0.4em; border-bottom:solid 1px #ccd2d9; line-height:1.4em;"><div style="padding-bottom:0.4em;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C:Al-Assad_2022_(cropped).jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Al-Assad_2022_%28cropped%29.jpeg/165px-Al-Assad_2022_%28cropped%29.jpeg" decoding="async" width="165" height="182" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Al-Assad_2022_%28cropped%29.jpeg/248px-Al-Assad_2022_%28cropped%29.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Al-Assad_2022_%28cropped%29.jpeg/330px-Al-Assad_2022_%28cropped%29.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="690" data-file-height="761" /></a></span></div><b>ผู้ดำรงตำแหน่งคนปัจจุบัน<br /><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3_%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94" title="บัชชาร อัลอะซัด">บัชชาร อัลอะซัด</a><br /></b><small>ตั้งแต่ 17 กรกฎาคม พ.ศ. 2543</small></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="รัฐบาลซีเรีย (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">สาขาบริหารของรัฐบาลซีเรีย</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">การเรียกขาน</th><td>ท่านประธานาธิบดี<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(ไม่เป็นทางการ)</span><br />ฯพณฯ<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(ทางการทูต)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">สมาชิกของ</th><td><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%93%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="คณะรัฐมนตรีซีเรีย (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">คณะรัฐมนตรี</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="สภาตุลาการสูง (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">สภาตุลาการสูง</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">จวน</th><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%AA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ทำเนียบประธานาธิบดีดามัสกัส (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">ทำเนียบประธานาธิบดี</a> <br /> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="พระราชวังทิชรีน (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">พระราชวังทิชรีน</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">ที่ว่าการ</th><td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%AA" title="ดามัสกัส">ดามัสกัส</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="ประเทศซีเรีย">ประเทศซีเรีย</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">ผู้แต่งตั้ง</th><td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B1%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%87" title="การเลือกตั้ง">คะแนนนิยม</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">วาระ</th><td>7 ปี,ต่ออายุได้ติดต่อกัน<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">ผู้ประเดิมตำแหน่ง</th><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Subhi_Barakat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Subhi Barakat (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Subhi Barakat</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%93%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B3%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="อาณัติสำหรับซีเรียและเลบานอน (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">อาณัติฝรั่งเศส</a>) <br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shukri_al-Quwatli&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shukri al-Quwatli (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Shukri al-Quwatli</a> (รัฐธรรมนูญฉบับปัจจุบัน)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row">สถาปนา</th><td>17 เมษายน 1946<span class="noprint">; 78 ปีก่อน</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1946-04-17</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">รอง</th><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="รองประธานาธิบดีซีเรีย (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">รองประธานาธิบดีซีเรีย</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>ประธานาธิบดีซีเรีย</b> (<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9A" title="ภาษาอาหรับ">อาหรับ</a>: <span lang="ar" dir="rtl">رئيس سوريا</span>) หรือเรียกอย่างเป็นทางการว่า <b>ประธานาธิบดีแห่งสาธารณรัฐอาหรับซีเรีย</b> (<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9A" title="ภาษาอาหรับ">อาหรับ</a>: <span lang="ar" dir="rtl">رئيس الجمهورية العربية السورية</span>) เป็น<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%82%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AB%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90" title="ประมุขแห่งรัฐ">ประมุขแห่งรัฐ</a>ของ<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="ประเทศซีเรีย">สาธารณรัฐอาหรับซีเรีย</a> มีอำนาจสูงสุดที่อาจมอบอำนาจให้รองประธานาธิบดีตามดุลยพินิจของประธานาธิบดีแต่เพียงผู้เดียว ประธานาธิบดีสามารถแต่งตั้งหรือถอดถอน<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="นายกรัฐมนตรีซีเรีย">นายกรัฐมนตรี</a> สมาชิก<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%93%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="คณะรัฐมนตรีซีเรีย (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">คณะรัฐมนตรี</a> และนายทหาร<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3_%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94" title="บัชชาร อัลอะซัด">บัชชาร อัลอะซัด</a> เป็นประธานาธิบดีคนที่ 19 และคนปัจจุบันของซีเรีย เป็นบุตรชายของอดีตประธานาธิบดี Hafez al-Assad ซึ่งเป็นประธานาธิบดีที่ดำรงตำแหน่งยาวนานที่สุดถึง 29 ปี ปัจจุบันอัลอะซัดเป็นประธานาธิบดีที่ดำรงตำแหน่งยาวนานที่สุดเป็นอันดับสอง นับตั้งแต่การเข้าสู่ตำแหน่งเมื่อวันที่ 17 กรกฎาคม พ.ศ. 2543 เป็นปีที่ 22 ของการดำรงตำแหน่งประธานาธิบดี </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="พรรคการเมือง"><span id=".E0.B8.9E.E0.B8.A3.E0.B8.A3.E0.B8.84.E0.B8.81.E0.B8.B2.E0.B8.A3.E0.B9.80.E0.B8.A1.E0.B8.B7.E0.B8.AD.E0.B8.87"></span>พรรคการเมือง</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2&action=edit&section=1" title="แก้ไขส่วน: พรรคการเมือง"><span>แก้</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span style="margin:0px; font-size:90%;"><span style="border:1px solid #AAAAAA; background-color:#F5F5F5; color:#F5F5F5;">     </span> ไม่สังกัดพรรคการเมือง</span> <span style="margin:0px; font-size:90%;"><span style="border:1px solid #AAAAAA; background-color:#FFFF00; color:#FFFF00;">     </span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%99_(%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="พรรคประชาชน (ซีเรีย) (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">พรรคประชาชน</a></span> <span style="margin:0px; font-size:90%;"><span style="border:1px solid #AAAAAA; background-color:#CD7F32; color:#CD7F32;">     </span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A9%E0%B9%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="พรรคบะอษ์ (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">พรรคบะอษ์</a></span> <span style="margin:0px; font-size:90%;"><span style="border:1px solid #AAAAAA; background-color:#008000; color:#008000;">     </span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A9%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="พรรคบะอษ์ซีเรีย (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">พรรคบะอษ์ซีเรีย</a></span> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="รายนามประธานาธิบดี"><span id=".E0.B8.A3.E0.B8.B2.E0.B8.A2.E0.B8.99.E0.B8.B2.E0.B8.A1.E0.B8.9B.E0.B8.A3.E0.B8.B0.E0.B8.98.E0.B8.B2.E0.B8.99.E0.B8.B2.E0.B8.98.E0.B8.B4.E0.B8.9A.E0.B8.94.E0.B8.B5"></span>รายนามประธานาธิบดี</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2&action=edit&section=2" title="แก้ไขส่วน: รายนามประธานาธิบดี"><span>แก้</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders" border="1"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" scope="col">Meaning </th></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="background-color:Transparent">— </td> <td>Acting president. </td></tr> <tr> <td>align=center style="background-color:<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A:National_Bloc_(Syria)/meta/color&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="แม่แบบ:National Bloc (Syria)/meta/color (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">แม่แบบ:National Bloc (Syria)/meta/color</a>; color:white;" | </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Bloc_(Syria)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Bloc (Syria) (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">National Bloc</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>align=center style="background-color:<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A:National_Party_(Syria)/meta/color&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="แม่แบบ:National Party (Syria)/meta/color (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">แม่แบบ:National Party (Syria)/meta/color</a>; color:white;" | </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Party_(Syria)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Party (Syria) (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">National Party</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>align=center style="background-color:<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A:Syrian_Social_Nationalist_Party/meta/color&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="แม่แบบ:Syrian Social Nationalist Party/meta/color (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">แม่แบบ:Syrian Social Nationalist Party/meta/color</a>; color:white;" | </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Syrian_Social_Nationalist_Party&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Syrian Social Nationalist Party (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Syrian Social Nationalist Party</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>align=center style="background-color:<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A:Military_rule/meta/color&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="แม่แบบ:Military rule/meta/color (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">แม่แบบ:Military rule/meta/color</a>; color:white;" | </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Syrian_Armed_Forces&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Syrian Armed Forces (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Military</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>align=center style="background-color:<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A:Arab_Liberation_Movement/meta/color&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="แม่แบบ:Arab Liberation Movement/meta/color (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">แม่แบบ:Arab Liberation Movement/meta/color</a>; color:white;" | </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arab_Liberation_Movement&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arab Liberation Movement (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Arab Liberation Movement</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>align=center style="background-color:<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A:National_Union_(United_Arab_Republic)/meta/color&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="แม่แบบ:National Union (United Arab Republic)/meta/color (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">แม่แบบ:National Union (United Arab Republic)/meta/color</a>; color:white;" | </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Union_(United_Arab_Republic)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Union (United Arab Republic) (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">National Union</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>align=center style="background-color:<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A:People%27s_Party_(Syria)/meta/color&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="แม่แบบ:People's Party (Syria)/meta/color (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">แม่แบบ:People's Party (Syria)/meta/color</a>; color:white;" | </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Party_(Syria)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="People's Party (Syria) (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">People's Party</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>align=center style="background-color:<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A:Arab_Socialist_Ba%27ath_Party_%E2%80%93_Syria_Region/meta/color&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="แม่แบบ:Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Syria Region/meta/color (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">แม่แบบ:Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Syria Region/meta/color</a>; color:white;" | </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arab_Socialist_Ba%27ath_Party_%E2%80%93_Syria_Region&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Syria Region (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Syrian Regional Branch</a><br />(<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ba%27ath_Party&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ba'ath Party (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Ba'ath Party</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ba%27ath_Party_(Syrian-dominated_faction)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ba'ath Party (Syrian-dominated faction) (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Syrian Ba'ath Party</a>) </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="10" align="center"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Syrian_Federation_under_the_French_Mandate_(1922–1924)"><span id="Syrian_Federation_under_the_French_Mandate_.281922.E2.80.931924.29"></span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Syrian_Federation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Syrian Federation (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Syrian Federation</a> under the French Mandate (1922–1924)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2&action=edit&section=3" title="แก้ไขส่วน: Syrian Federation under the French Mandate (1922–1924)"><span>แก้</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2" scope="col">No. </th> <th rowspan="2" scope="col">Portrait </th> <th rowspan="2" scope="col">Name<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(Birth–Death)</span> </th> <th rowspan="2" scope="col">Elected </th> <th colspan="3" scope="col">Term of office </th> <th colspan="2" rowspan="2" scope="col">Political party </th> <th rowspan="2" width="25%">Note(s) </th></tr> <tr> <th>Took office </th> <th>Left office </th> <th>Time in office </th></tr> <tr> <td align="center">1 </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C:Subhi_barkat.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Subhi_barkat.jpg/80px-Subhi_barkat.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="99" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Subhi_barkat.jpg/120px-Subhi_barkat.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Subhi_barkat.jpg/160px-Subhi_barkat.jpg 2x" data-file-width="387" data-file-height="477" /></a></span> </td> <th align="center" scope="row" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Subhi_Barakat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Subhi Barakat (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Subhi Barakat</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(1889–1939)</span> </th> <td align="center">— </td> <td align="center">29<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> June 1922 </td> <td align="center">31 December 1924 </td> <td align="center"><span data-sort-value="7000200000000000000♠">2</span> ปี <span data-sort-value="7002185000000000000♠">185</span> วัน </td> <td colspan="2" align="center"><a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent politician">Independent</a> </td> <td align="left"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">—</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="10" align="center"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="State_of_Syria_under_the_French_Mandate_(1925–1930)"><span id="State_of_Syria_under_the_French_Mandate_.281925.E2.80.931930.29"></span><a href="/w/index.php?title=State_of_Syria_(1925%E2%80%931930)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="State of Syria (1925–1930) (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">State of Syria</a> under the French Mandate (1925–1930)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2&action=edit&section=4" title="แก้ไขส่วน: State of Syria under the French Mandate (1925–1930)"><span>แก้</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2" scope="col">No. </th> <th rowspan="2" scope="col">Portrait </th> <th rowspan="2" scope="col">Name<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(Birth–Death)</span> </th> <th rowspan="2" scope="col">Elected </th> <th colspan="3" scope="col">Term of office </th> <th colspan="2" rowspan="2" scope="col">Political party </th> <th rowspan="2" width="25%">Note(s) </th></tr> <tr> <th>Took office </th> <th>Left office </th> <th>Time in office </th></tr> <tr> <td align="center">1 </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C:Subhi_barkat.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Subhi_barkat.jpg/80px-Subhi_barkat.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="99" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Subhi_barkat.jpg/120px-Subhi_barkat.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Subhi_barkat.jpg/160px-Subhi_barkat.jpg 2x" data-file-width="387" data-file-height="477" /></a></span> </td> <th align="center" scope="row" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Subhi_Barakat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Subhi Barakat (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Subhi Barakat</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(1889–1939)</span> </th> <td align="center">— </td> <td align="center">1 January 1925 </td> <td align="center">21 December 1925 </td> <td align="center"><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠">0</span> ปี <span data-sort-value="7002354000000000000♠">354</span> วัน </td> <td colspan="2" align="center"><a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent politician">Independent</a> </td> <td align="left"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">—</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">— </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C:No_image.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/No_image.svg/80px-No_image.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/No_image.svg/120px-No_image.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/No_image.svg/160px-No_image.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span> </td> <th align="center" scope="row" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fran%C3%A7ois_Pierre-Alype&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="François Pierre-Alype (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">François Pierre-Alype</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(1853–1932)</span> </th> <td align="center">— </td> <td align="center">9 February 1926 </td> <td align="center">28 April 1926 </td> <td align="center"><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠">0</span> ปี <span data-sort-value="7001780000000000000♠">78</span> วัน </td> <td colspan="2" align="center"><a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent politician">Independent</a> </td> <td align="left"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">—</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">2 </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C:Ahmad_nami.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Ahmad_nami.jpg/80px-Ahmad_nami.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="123" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Ahmad_nami.jpg/120px-Ahmad_nami.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Ahmad_nami.jpg/160px-Ahmad_nami.jpg 2x" data-file-width="293" data-file-height="450" /></a></span> </td> <th align="center" scope="row" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ahmad_Nami&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ahmad Nami (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Ahmad Nami</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(1873–1962)</span> </th> <td align="center">— </td> <td align="center">28 April 1926 </td> <td align="center">15 February 1928 </td> <td align="center"><span data-sort-value="7000100000000000000♠">1</span> ปี <span data-sort-value="7002293000000000000♠">293</span> วัน </td> <td colspan="2" align="center"><a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent politician">Independent</a> </td> <td align="left"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">—</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">— </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C:Taj_al-Din_al-Hasani.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Taj_al-Din_al-Hasani.jpg/80px-Taj_al-Din_al-Hasani.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Taj_al-Din_al-Hasani.jpg/120px-Taj_al-Din_al-Hasani.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Taj_al-Din_al-Hasani.jpg/160px-Taj_al-Din_al-Hasani.jpg 2x" data-file-width="261" data-file-height="554" /></a></span> </td> <th align="center" scope="row" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taj_al-Din_al-Hasani&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Taj al-Din al-Hasani (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Taj al-Din al-Hasani</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(1885–1943)</span> </th> <td align="center">— </td> <td align="center">15 February 1928 </td> <td align="center">14 May 1930 </td> <td align="center"><span data-sort-value="7000200000000000000♠">2</span> ปี <span data-sort-value="7001880000000000000♠">88</span> วัน </td> <td colspan="2" align="center"><a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent politician">Independent</a> </td> <td align="left"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">—</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="10" align="center"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Syrian_Republic_under_the_French_Mandate_(1930–1945)"><span id="Syrian_Republic_under_the_French_Mandate_.281930.E2.80.931945.29"></span>Syrian Republic under the French Mandate (1930–1945)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2&action=edit&section=5" title="แก้ไขส่วน: Syrian Republic under the French Mandate (1930–1945)"><span>แก้</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2" scope="col">No. </th> <th rowspan="2" scope="col">Portrait </th> <th rowspan="2" scope="col">Name<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(Birth–Death)</span> </th> <th rowspan="2" scope="col">Elected </th> <th colspan="3" scope="col">Term of office </th> <th colspan="2" rowspan="2" scope="col">Political party </th> <th rowspan="2" width="25%">Note(s) </th></tr> <tr> <th>Took office </th> <th>Left office </th> <th>Time in office </th></tr> <tr> <td align="center">— </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C:Taj_al-Din_al-Hasani.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Taj_al-Din_al-Hasani.jpg/80px-Taj_al-Din_al-Hasani.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Taj_al-Din_al-Hasani.jpg/120px-Taj_al-Din_al-Hasani.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Taj_al-Din_al-Hasani.jpg/160px-Taj_al-Din_al-Hasani.jpg 2x" data-file-width="261" data-file-height="554" /></a></span> </td> <th align="center" scope="row" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taj_al-Din_al-Hasani&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Taj al-Din al-Hasani (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Taj al-Din al-Hasani</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(1885–1943)</span> </th> <td align="center">— </td> <td align="center">14 May 1930 </td> <td align="center">19 November 1931 </td> <td align="center"><span data-sort-value="7000100000000000000♠">1</span> ปี <span data-sort-value="7002189000000000000♠">189</span> วัน </td> <td colspan="2" align="center"><a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent politician">Independent</a> </td> <td align="left"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">—</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">— </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C:No_image.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/No_image.svg/80px-No_image.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/No_image.svg/120px-No_image.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/No_image.svg/160px-No_image.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span> </td> <th align="center" scope="row" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=L%C3%A9on_Solomiac&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Léon Solomiac (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Léon Solomiac</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(1873–1960)</span> </th> <td align="center">— </td> <td align="center">19 November 1931 </td> <td align="center">11 June 1932 </td> <td align="center"><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠">0</span> ปี <span data-sort-value="7002205000000000000♠">205</span> วัน </td> <td colspan="2" align="center"><a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent politician">Independent</a> </td> <td align="left"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">—</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">3 </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C:Muhammad_Ali_al-Abid.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Muhammad_Ali_al-Abid.jpg/80px-Muhammad_Ali_al-Abid.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Muhammad_Ali_al-Abid.jpg/120px-Muhammad_Ali_al-Abid.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Muhammad_Ali_al-Abid.jpg/160px-Muhammad_Ali_al-Abid.jpg 2x" data-file-width="289" data-file-height="450" /></a></span> </td> <th align="center" scope="row" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mohammed_Ali_Bey_al-Abed&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mohammed Ali Bey al-Abed (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Muhammad Ali al-Abed</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(1867–1939)</span> </th> <td align="center">— </td> <td align="center">11 June 1932 </td> <td align="center">21 December 1936 </td> <td align="center"><span data-sort-value="7000400000000000000♠">4</span> ปี <span data-sort-value="7002193000000000000♠">193</span> วัน </td> <td colspan="2" align="center"><a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent politician">Independent</a> </td> <td align="left"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">—</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">4 </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C:Hashim_Al_Atassi.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Hashim_Al_Atassi.jpg/80px-Hashim_Al_Atassi.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Hashim_Al_Atassi.jpg/120px-Hashim_Al_Atassi.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Hashim_Al_Atassi.jpg/160px-Hashim_Al_Atassi.jpg 2x" data-file-width="283" data-file-height="450" /></a></span> </td> <th align="center" scope="row" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hashim_al-Atassi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hashim al-Atassi (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Hashim al-Atassi</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(1875–1960)</span> </th> <td align="center">— </td> <td align="center">21 December 1936 </td> <td align="center">7 July 1939 </td> <td align="center"><span data-sort-value="7000200000000000000♠">2</span> ปี <span data-sort-value="7002198000000000000♠">198</span> วัน </td> <td align="center"><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Bloc_(Syria)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Bloc (Syria) (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">National Bloc</a> </td> <td>style="background-color:<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A:National_Bloc_(Syria)/meta/color&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="แม่แบบ:National Bloc (Syria)/meta/color (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">แม่แบบ:National Bloc (Syria)/meta/color</a>; color:white;" | </td> <td align="left"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">—</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">5 </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C:Bahij_al-Khatib.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Bahij_al-Khatib.jpg/80px-Bahij_al-Khatib.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="95" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Bahij_al-Khatib.jpg/120px-Bahij_al-Khatib.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Bahij_al-Khatib.jpg/160px-Bahij_al-Khatib.jpg 2x" data-file-width="380" data-file-height="450" /></a></span> </td> <th align="center" scope="row" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahij_al-Khatib&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bahij al-Khatib (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Bahij al-Khatib</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(1895–1981)</span> </th> <td align="center">— </td> <td align="center">10 July 1939 </td> <td align="center">4 April 1941 </td> <td align="center"><span data-sort-value="7000100000000000000♠">1</span> ปี <span data-sort-value="7002268000000000000♠">268</span> วัน </td> <td colspan="2" align="center"><a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent politician">Independent</a> </td> <td align="left"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">—</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">— </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C:Khalid_al-Azm.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Khalid_al-Azm.jpg/80px-Khalid_al-Azm.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="73" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Khalid_al-Azm.jpg/120px-Khalid_al-Azm.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Khalid_al-Azm.jpg/160px-Khalid_al-Azm.jpg 2x" data-file-width="495" data-file-height="450" /></a></span> </td> <th align="center" scope="row" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khalid_al-Azm&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Khalid al-Azm (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Khalid al-Azm</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(1903–1965)</span> </th> <td align="center">— </td> <td align="center">4 April 1941 </td> <td align="center">16 September 1941 </td> <td align="center"><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠">0</span> ปี <span data-sort-value="7002165000000000000♠">165</span> วัน </td> <td colspan="2" align="center"><a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent politician">Independent</a> </td> <td align="left"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">—</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">6 </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C:Taj_al-Din_al-Hasani.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Taj_al-Din_al-Hasani.jpg/80px-Taj_al-Din_al-Hasani.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Taj_al-Din_al-Hasani.jpg/120px-Taj_al-Din_al-Hasani.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Taj_al-Din_al-Hasani.jpg/160px-Taj_al-Din_al-Hasani.jpg 2x" data-file-width="261" data-file-height="554" /></a></span> </td> <th align="center" scope="row" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taj_al-Din_al-Hasani&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Taj al-Din al-Hasani (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Taj al-Din al-Hasani</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(1885–1943)</span> </th> <td align="center">— </td> <td align="center">16 September 1941 </td> <td align="center">17 January 1943 </td> <td align="center"><span data-sort-value="7000100000000000000♠">1</span> ปี <span data-sort-value="7002123000000000000♠">123</span> วัน </td> <td colspan="2" align="center"><a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent politician">Independent</a> </td> <td align="left">Hasani died in office.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMoubayed2006345_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMoubayed2006345-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">— </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C:Jamil_al-Ulshi.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Jamil_al-Ulshi.jpg/80px-Jamil_al-Ulshi.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="121" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Jamil_al-Ulshi.jpg/120px-Jamil_al-Ulshi.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Jamil_al-Ulshi.jpg/160px-Jamil_al-Ulshi.jpg 2x" data-file-width="297" data-file-height="450" /></a></span> </td> <th align="center" scope="row" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jamil_al-Ulshi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jamil al-Ulshi (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Jamil al-Ulshi</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(1883–1951)</span> </th> <td align="center">— </td> <td align="center">17 January 1943 </td> <td align="center">25 March 1943 </td> <td align="center"><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠">0</span> ปี <span data-sort-value="7001670000000000000♠">67</span> วัน </td> <td colspan="2" align="center"><a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent politician">Independent</a> </td> <td align="left"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">—</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">7 </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C:Ata_al-Ayyubi.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Ata_al-Ayyubi.jpg/80px-Ata_al-Ayyubi.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Ata_al-Ayyubi.jpg/120px-Ata_al-Ayyubi.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Ata_al-Ayyubi.jpg/160px-Ata_al-Ayyubi.jpg 2x" data-file-width="265" data-file-height="450" /></a></span> </td> <th align="center" scope="row" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ata_al-Ayyubi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ata al-Ayyubi (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Ata al-Ayyubi</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(1877–1951)</span> </th> <td align="center">— </td> <td align="center">25 March 1943 </td> <td align="center">17 August 1943 </td> <td align="center"><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠">0</span> ปี <span data-sort-value="7002145000000000000♠">145</span> วัน </td> <td colspan="2" align="center"><a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent politician">Independent</a> </td> <td align="left"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">—</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">8 </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C:Portrait_of_Shukri_al-Quwatli_in_1943.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Portrait_of_Shukri_al-Quwatli_in_1943.jpeg/80px-Portrait_of_Shukri_al-Quwatli_in_1943.jpeg" decoding="async" width="80" height="89" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Portrait_of_Shukri_al-Quwatli_in_1943.jpeg/120px-Portrait_of_Shukri_al-Quwatli_in_1943.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Portrait_of_Shukri_al-Quwatli_in_1943.jpeg/160px-Portrait_of_Shukri_al-Quwatli_in_1943.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="499" /></a></span> </td> <th align="center" scope="row" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shukri_al-Quwatli&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shukri al-Quwatli (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Shukri al-Quwatli</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(1891–1967)</span> </th> <td align="center">— </td> <td align="center">17 August 1943 </td> <td align="center">24 October 1945 </td> <td align="center"><span data-sort-value="7000200000000000000♠">2</span> ปี <span data-sort-value="7001680000000000000♠">68</span> วัน </td> <td align="center"><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Bloc_(Syria)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Bloc (Syria) (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">National Bloc</a> </td> <td>style="background-color:<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A:National_Bloc_(Syria)/meta/color&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="แม่แบบ:National Bloc (Syria)/meta/color (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">แม่แบบ:National Bloc (Syria)/meta/color</a>; color:white;" | </td> <td align="left"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">—</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="10" align="center"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Syrian_Republic_(1945–1958)"><span id="Syrian_Republic_.281945.E2.80.931958.29"></span>Syrian Republic (1945–1958)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2&action=edit&section=6" title="แก้ไขส่วน: Syrian Republic (1945–1958)"><span>แก้</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2" scope="col">No. </th> <th rowspan="2" scope="col">Portrait </th> <th rowspan="2" scope="col">Name<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(Birth–Death)</span> </th> <th rowspan="2" scope="col">Elected </th> <th colspan="3" scope="col">Term of office </th> <th colspan="2" rowspan="2" scope="col">Political party </th> <th rowspan="2" width="25%">Note(s) </th></tr> <tr> <th>Took office </th> <th>Left office </th> <th>Time in office </th></tr> <tr> <td align="center">8 </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C:Portrait_of_Shukri_al-Quwatli_in_1943.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Portrait_of_Shukri_al-Quwatli_in_1943.jpeg/80px-Portrait_of_Shukri_al-Quwatli_in_1943.jpeg" decoding="async" width="80" height="89" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Portrait_of_Shukri_al-Quwatli_in_1943.jpeg/120px-Portrait_of_Shukri_al-Quwatli_in_1943.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Portrait_of_Shukri_al-Quwatli_in_1943.jpeg/160px-Portrait_of_Shukri_al-Quwatli_in_1943.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="499" /></a></span> </td> <th align="center" scope="row" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shukri_al-Quwatli&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shukri al-Quwatli (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Shukri al-Quwatli</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(1891–1967)</span> </th> <td align="center">— </td> <td align="center">24 October 1945 </td> <td align="center">29 March 1949 </td> <td align="center"><span data-sort-value="7000300000000000000♠">3</span> ปี <span data-sort-value="7002156000000000000♠">156</span> วัน </td> <td align="center"><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Bloc_(Syria)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Bloc (Syria) (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">National Bloc</a> /<br /> <a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Party_(Syria)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Party (Syria) (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">National Party</a> </td> <td>style="background-color:<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A:National_Bloc_(Syria)/meta/color&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="แม่แบบ:National Bloc (Syria)/meta/color (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">แม่แบบ:National Bloc (Syria)/meta/color</a>; color:white;" | </td> <td align="left">Quwatli was <a href="/w/index.php?title=March_1949_Syrian_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="March 1949 Syrian coup d'état (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">ousted from power on 29 March 1949</a> by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Husni_al-Za%27im&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Husni al-Za'im (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Husni al-Za'im</a>, his Chief of Staff.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMoubayed2006311_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMoubayed2006311-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">9 </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C:Husni_al-Zaiim.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Husni_al-Zaiim.jpg/80px-Husni_al-Zaiim.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Husni_al-Zaiim.jpg/120px-Husni_al-Zaiim.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Husni_al-Zaiim.jpg/160px-Husni_al-Zaiim.jpg 2x" data-file-width="252" data-file-height="450" /></a></span> </td> <th align="center" scope="row" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Husni_al-Za%27im&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Husni al-Za'im (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Husni al-Za'im</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(1897–1949)</span> </th> <td align="center"><a href="/w/index.php?title=1949_Syrian_presidential_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1949 Syrian presidential election (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">1949</a> </td> <td align="center">30 March 1949 </td> <td align="center">14 August 1949 </td> <td align="center"><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠">0</span> ปี <span data-sort-value="7002137000000000000♠">137</span> วัน </td> <td align="center"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Syrian_Social_Nationalist_Party&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Syrian Social Nationalist Party (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Syrian Social Nationalist Party</a> </td> <td>style="background-color:<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A:Syrian_Social_Nationalist_Party/meta/color&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="แม่แบบ:Syrian Social Nationalist Party/meta/color (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">แม่แบบ:Syrian Social Nationalist Party/meta/color</a>; color:white;" | </td> <td align="left">Za'im was overthrown by a military coup in 1949 led by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Adib_Shishakli&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Adib Shishakli (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Adib Shishakli</a>, he was later executed on the orders of the new government.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMoubayed2006610_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMoubayed2006610-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">10 </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C:Sami_al-Hinnawi.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Sami_al-Hinnawi.jpg/80px-Sami_al-Hinnawi.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Sami_al-Hinnawi.jpg/120px-Sami_al-Hinnawi.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Sami_al-Hinnawi.jpg/160px-Sami_al-Hinnawi.jpg 2x" data-file-width="326" data-file-height="450" /></a></span> </td> <th align="center" scope="row" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sami_al-Hinnawi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sami al-Hinnawi (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Sami al-Hinnawi</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(1898–1950)</span> </th> <td align="center">— </td> <td align="center">14 August 1949 </td> <td align="center">15 August 1949 </td> <td align="center"><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠">0</span> ปี <span data-sort-value="7000100000000000000♠">1</span> วัน </td> <td align="center"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Syrian_Armed_Forces&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Syrian Armed Forces (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Military</a> </td> <td>style="background:<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A:Military_rule/meta/color&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="แม่แบบ:Military rule/meta/color (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">แม่แบบ:Military rule/meta/color</a>; color:white;" | </td> <td align="left"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">—</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">4 </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C:Hashim_Al_Atassi.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Hashim_Al_Atassi.jpg/80px-Hashim_Al_Atassi.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Hashim_Al_Atassi.jpg/120px-Hashim_Al_Atassi.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Hashim_Al_Atassi.jpg/160px-Hashim_Al_Atassi.jpg 2x" data-file-width="283" data-file-height="450" /></a></span> </td> <th align="center" scope="row" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hashim_al-Atassi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hashim al-Atassi (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Hashim al-Atassi</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(1875–1960)</span> </th> <td align="center">— </td> <td align="center">15 August 1949 </td> <td align="center">2 December 1951 </td> <td align="center"><span data-sort-value="7000200000000000000♠">2</span> ปี <span data-sort-value="7002109000000000000♠">109</span> วัน </td> <td align="center"><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Party_(Syria)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Party (Syria) (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">National Party</a> </td> <td>style="background-color:<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A:National_Party_(Syria)/meta/color&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="แม่แบบ:National Party (Syria)/meta/color (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">แม่แบบ:National Party (Syria)/meta/color</a>; color:white;" | </td> <td align="left"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">—</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">— </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C:Adib_al-Shishakli.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Adib_al-Shishakli.jpg/80px-Adib_al-Shishakli.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="108" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Adib_al-Shishakli.jpg/120px-Adib_al-Shishakli.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Adib_al-Shishakli.jpg/160px-Adib_al-Shishakli.jpg 2x" data-file-width="333" data-file-height="450" /></a></span> </td> <th align="center" scope="row" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Adib_Shishakli&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Adib Shishakli (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Adib Shishakli</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(1909–1964)</span> </th> <td align="center">— </td> <td align="center">2 December 1951 </td> <td align="center">3 December 1951 </td> <td align="center"><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠">0</span> ปี <span data-sort-value="7000100000000000000♠">1</span> วัน </td> <td align="center"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Syrian_Social_Nationalist_Party&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Syrian Social Nationalist Party (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Syrian Social Nationalist Party</a> </td> <td>style="background-color:<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A:Syrian_Social_Nationalist_Party/meta/color&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="แม่แบบ:Syrian Social Nationalist Party/meta/color (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">แม่แบบ:Syrian Social Nationalist Party/meta/color</a>; color:white;" | </td> <td align="left"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">—</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">11 </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C:Fawzi_Selu.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Fawzi_Selu.jpg/80px-Fawzi_Selu.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="79" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Fawzi_Selu.jpg/120px-Fawzi_Selu.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Fawzi_Selu.jpg/160px-Fawzi_Selu.jpg 2x" data-file-width="619" data-file-height="612" /></a></span> </td> <th align="center" scope="row" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fawzi_Selu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fawzi Selu (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Fawzi Selu</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(1905–1972)</span> </th> <td align="center">— </td> <td align="center">3 December 1951 </td> <td align="center">11 July 1953 </td> <td align="center"><span data-sort-value="7000100000000000000♠">1</span> ปี <span data-sort-value="7002220000000000000♠">220</span> วัน </td> <td align="center"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Syrian_Armed_Forces&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Syrian Armed Forces (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Military</a> </td> <td>style="background:<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A:Military_rule/meta/color&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="แม่แบบ:Military rule/meta/color (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">แม่แบบ:Military rule/meta/color</a>; color:white;" | </td> <td align="left"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">—</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">12 </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C:Adib_al-Shishakli.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Adib_al-Shishakli.jpg/80px-Adib_al-Shishakli.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="108" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Adib_al-Shishakli.jpg/120px-Adib_al-Shishakli.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Adib_al-Shishakli.jpg/160px-Adib_al-Shishakli.jpg 2x" data-file-width="333" data-file-height="450" /></a></span> </td> <th align="center" scope="row" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Adib_Shishakli&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Adib Shishakli (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Adib Shishakli</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(1909–1964)</span> </th> <td align="center"><a href="/w/index.php?title=1953_Syrian_presidential_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1953 Syrian presidential election (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">1953</a> </td> <td align="center">11 July 1953 </td> <td align="center">25 February 1954 </td> <td align="center"><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠">0</span> ปี <span data-sort-value="7002229000000000000♠">229</span> วัน </td> <td align="center"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arab_Liberation_Movement&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arab Liberation Movement (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Arab Liberation Movement</a> </td> <td>style="background-color:<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A:Arab_Liberation_Movement/meta/color&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="แม่แบบ:Arab Liberation Movement/meta/color (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">แม่แบบ:Arab Liberation Movement/meta/color</a>; color:white;" | </td> <td align="left">Shishakli resigned from office because of threats of a <a href="/w/index.php?title=1954_Syrian_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1954 Syrian coup d'état (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">coup in 1954</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMoubayed2006339_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMoubayed2006339-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He fled the country, claiming that he did not want the country to fall into a civil war.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMoubayed2006339_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMoubayed2006339-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">— </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C:Maamoun_Kuzbari.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Maamoun_Kuzbari.jpg/80px-Maamoun_Kuzbari.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Maamoun_Kuzbari.jpg/120px-Maamoun_Kuzbari.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Maamoun_Kuzbari.jpg/160px-Maamoun_Kuzbari.jpg 2x" data-file-width="357" data-file-height="323" /></a></span> </td> <th align="center" scope="row" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maamun_al-Kuzbari&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maamun al-Kuzbari (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Maamun al-Kuzbari</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(1914–1998)</span> </th> <td align="center">— </td> <td align="center">25 February 1954 </td> <td align="center">28 February 1954 </td> <td align="center"><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠">0</span> ปี <span data-sort-value="7000300000000000000♠">3</span> วัน </td> <td colspan="2" align="center"><a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent politician">Independent</a> </td> <td align="left"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">—</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">4 </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C:Hashim_Al_Atassi.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Hashim_Al_Atassi.jpg/80px-Hashim_Al_Atassi.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Hashim_Al_Atassi.jpg/120px-Hashim_Al_Atassi.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Hashim_Al_Atassi.jpg/160px-Hashim_Al_Atassi.jpg 2x" data-file-width="283" data-file-height="450" /></a></span> </td> <th align="center" scope="row" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hashim_al-Atassi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hashim al-Atassi (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Hashim al-Atassi</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(1875–1960)</span> </th> <td align="center">— </td> <td align="center">28 February 1954 </td> <td align="center">6 September 1955 </td> <td align="center"><span data-sort-value="7000100000000000000♠">1</span> ปี <span data-sort-value="7002190000000000000♠">190</span> วัน </td> <td align="center"><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Party_(Syria)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Party (Syria) (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">National Party</a> </td> <td>style="background-color:<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A:National_Party_(Syria)/meta/color&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="แม่แบบ:National Party (Syria)/meta/color (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">แม่แบบ:National Party (Syria)/meta/color</a>; color:white;" | </td> <td align="left"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">—</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">8 </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C:Portrait_of_Shukri_al-Quwatli_in_1943.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Portrait_of_Shukri_al-Quwatli_in_1943.jpeg/80px-Portrait_of_Shukri_al-Quwatli_in_1943.jpeg" decoding="async" width="80" height="89" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Portrait_of_Shukri_al-Quwatli_in_1943.jpeg/120px-Portrait_of_Shukri_al-Quwatli_in_1943.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Portrait_of_Shukri_al-Quwatli_in_1943.jpeg/160px-Portrait_of_Shukri_al-Quwatli_in_1943.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="499" /></a></span> </td> <th align="center" scope="row" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shukri_al-Quwatli&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shukri al-Quwatli (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Shukri al-Quwatli</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(1891–1967)</span> </th> <td align="center">— </td> <td align="center">6 September 1955 </td> <td align="center">22 February 1958 </td> <td align="center"><span data-sort-value="7000200000000000000♠">2</span> ปี <span data-sort-value="7002169000000000000♠">169</span> วัน </td> <td align="center"><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Party_(Syria)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Party (Syria) (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">National Party</a> </td> <td>style="background-color:<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A:National_Party_(Syria)/meta/color&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="แม่แบบ:National Party (Syria)/meta/color (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">แม่แบบ:National Party (Syria)/meta/color</a>; color:white;" | </td> <td align="left"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">—</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="10" align="center"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="United_Arab_Republic_(1958–1961)"><span id="United_Arab_Republic_.281958.E2.80.931961.29"></span>United Arab Republic (1958–1961)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2&action=edit&section=7" title="แก้ไขส่วน: United Arab Republic (1958–1961)"><span>แก้</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2" scope="col">No. </th> <th rowspan="2" scope="col">Portrait </th> <th rowspan="2" scope="col">Name<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(Birth–Death)</span> </th> <th rowspan="2" scope="col">Elected </th> <th colspan="3" scope="col">Term of office </th> <th colspan="2" rowspan="2" scope="col">Political party </th> <th rowspan="2" width="25%">Note(s) </th></tr> <tr> <th>Took office </th> <th>Left office </th> <th>Time in office </th></tr> <tr> <td align="center">13 </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C:Nasser_portrait2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Nasser_portrait2.jpg/80px-Nasser_portrait2.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="94" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Nasser_portrait2.jpg/120px-Nasser_portrait2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Nasser_portrait2.jpg/160px-Nasser_portrait2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="424" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> </td> <th align="center" scope="row" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Gamal_Abdel_Nasser" class="mw-redirect" title="Gamal Abdel Nasser">Gamal Abdel Nasser</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(1918–1970)</span> </th> <td align="center"><a href="/w/index.php?title=1958_Syrian_United_Arab_Republic_referendum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1958 Syrian United Arab Republic referendum (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">1958</a> </td> <td align="center">22 February 1958 </td> <td align="center">29 September 1961 </td> <td align="center"><span data-sort-value="7000300000000000000♠">3</span> ปี <span data-sort-value="7002219000000000000♠">219</span> วัน </td> <td align="center"><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Union_(United_Arab_Republic)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Union (United Arab Republic) (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">National Union</a> </td> <th>style="background:<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A:National_Union_(United_Arab_Republic)/meta/color&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="แม่แบบ:National Union (United Arab Republic)/meta/color (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">แม่แบบ:National Union (United Arab Republic)/meta/color</a>; color:white;" | </th> <td align="left"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">—</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="10" align="center"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Syrian_Arab_Republic_(1961–present)"><span id="Syrian_Arab_Republic_.281961.E2.80.93present.29"></span>Syrian Arab Republic (1961–present)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2&action=edit&section=8" title="แก้ไขส่วน: Syrian Arab Republic (1961–present)"><span>แก้</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2" scope="col">No. </th> <th rowspan="2" scope="col">Portrait </th> <th rowspan="2" scope="col">Name<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(Birth–Death)</span> </th> <th rowspan="2" scope="col">Elected </th> <th colspan="3" scope="col">Term of office </th> <th colspan="2" rowspan="2" scope="col">Political party </th> <th rowspan="2" width="25%">Note(s) </th></tr> <tr> <th>Took office </th> <th>Left office </th> <th>Time in office </th></tr> <tr> <td align="center">— </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C:Maamoun_Kuzbari.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Maamoun_Kuzbari.jpg/80px-Maamoun_Kuzbari.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Maamoun_Kuzbari.jpg/120px-Maamoun_Kuzbari.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Maamoun_Kuzbari.jpg/160px-Maamoun_Kuzbari.jpg 2x" data-file-width="357" data-file-height="323" /></a></span> </td> <th align="center" scope="row" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maamun_al-Kuzbari&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maamun al-Kuzbari (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Maamun al-Kuzbari</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(1914–1998)</span> </th> <td align="center">— </td> <td align="center">29 September 1961 </td> <td align="center">20 November 1961 </td> <td align="center"><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠">0</span> ปี <span data-sort-value="7001520000000000000♠">52</span> วัน </td> <td colspan="2" align="center"><a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent politician">Independent</a> </td> <td align="left">Kuzbari took office following the <a href="/w/index.php?title=1961_Syrian_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1961 Syrian coup d'état (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">1961 coup d'état</a>, which dissolved the <a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="United Arab Republic">United Arab Republic</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">— </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C:Sy_izzat_al-nuss.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Sy_izzat_al-nuss.png/80px-Sy_izzat_al-nuss.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="98" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Sy_izzat_al-nuss.png/120px-Sy_izzat_al-nuss.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Sy_izzat_al-nuss.png/160px-Sy_izzat_al-nuss.png 2x" data-file-width="348" data-file-height="425" /></a></span> </td> <th align="center" scope="row" style="font-weight:normal;">Izzat al-Nuss<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(1912–1976)</span><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <td align="center">— </td> <td align="center">20 November 1961 </td> <td align="center">14 December 1961 </td> <td align="center"><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠">0</span> ปี <span data-sort-value="7001240000000000000♠">24</span> วัน </td> <td align="center"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Syrian_Armed_Forces&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Syrian Armed Forces (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Military</a> </td> <td>style="background:<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A:Military_rule/meta/color&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="แม่แบบ:Military rule/meta/color (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">แม่แบบ:Military rule/meta/color</a>; color:white;" | </td> <td align="left"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">—</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">14 </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C:Nazim_al-Kudsi.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Nazim_al-Kudsi.jpg/80px-Nazim_al-Kudsi.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Nazim_al-Kudsi.jpg/120px-Nazim_al-Kudsi.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Nazim_al-Kudsi.jpg/160px-Nazim_al-Kudsi.jpg 2x" data-file-width="283" data-file-height="450" /></a></span> </td> <th align="center" scope="row" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nazim_al-Kudsi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nazim al-Kudsi (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Nazim al-Kudsi</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(1906–1998)</span> </th> <td align="center">— </td> <td align="center">14 December 1961 </td> <td align="center">8 March 1963 </td> <td align="center"><span data-sort-value="7000100000000000000♠">1</span> ปี <span data-sort-value="7001840000000000000♠">84</span> วัน </td> <td align="center"><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Party_(Syria)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="People's Party (Syria) (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">People's Party</a> </td> <td>style="background-color:<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A:People%27s_Party_(Syria)/meta/color&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="แม่แบบ:People's Party (Syria)/meta/color (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">แม่แบบ:People's Party (Syria)/meta/color</a>; color:white;" | </td> <td align="left">The <a href="/w/index.php?title=1963_Syrian_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1963 Syrian coup d'état (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">1963 coup d'état</a>, an event known as the 8th of March Revolution, toppled <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nazim_al-Kudsi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nazim al-Kudsi (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Nazim al-Kudsi</a> and brought the <a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Council_for_the_Revolutionary_Command&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Council for the Revolutionary Command (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">National Council for the Revolutionary Command</a> (NCRC) to government, although real power lay with the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ba%27ath_Party&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ba'ath Party (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Ba'athist</a> Military Committee, which organized the coup.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMoubayed2006133_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMoubayed2006133-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">15 </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C:Luai_al-Atassi.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Luai_al-Atassi.jpg/80px-Luai_al-Atassi.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="107" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Luai_al-Atassi.jpg/120px-Luai_al-Atassi.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Luai_al-Atassi.jpg/160px-Luai_al-Atassi.jpg 2x" data-file-width="336" data-file-height="450" /></a></span> </td> <th align="center" scope="row" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lu%27ay_al-Atassi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lu'ay al-Atassi (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Lu'ay al-Atassi</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(1926–2003)</span> </th> <td align="center">— </td> <td align="center">9 March 1963 </td> <td align="center">27 July 1963 </td> <td align="center"><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠">0</span> ปี <span data-sort-value="7002352000000000000♠">352</span> วัน </td> <td colspan="2" align="center"><a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent politician">Independent</a> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lu%27ay_al-Atassi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lu'ay al-Atassi (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Lu'ay al-Atassi</a> was appointed president by the NCRC because he posed no threat to the Military Committee's power.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMoubayed2006175_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMoubayed2006175-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He resigned after high-ranking non-Ba'athist officers were purged.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERabinovich197272_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERabinovich197272-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">16 </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C:Amin_al-Hafez_1965.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Amin_al-Hafez_1965.jpg/80px-Amin_al-Hafez_1965.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="98" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Amin_al-Hafez_1965.jpg/120px-Amin_al-Hafez_1965.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Amin_al-Hafez_1965.jpg/160px-Amin_al-Hafez_1965.jpg 2x" data-file-width="367" data-file-height="450" /></a></span> </td> <th align="center" scope="row" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amin_al-Hafiz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Amin al-Hafiz (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Amin al-Hafiz</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(1921–2009)</span> </th> <td align="center">— </td> <td align="center">27 July 1963 </td> <td align="center">23 February 1966 </td> <td align="center"><span data-sort-value="7000200000000000000♠">2</span> ปี <span data-sort-value="7002211000000000000♠">211</span> วัน </td> <td align="center"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ba%27ath_Party&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ba'ath Party (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Ba'ath Party</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/w/index.php?title=Arab_Socialist_Ba%27ath_Party_%E2%80%93_Syria_Region&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Syria Region (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Syria Region</a>)</span> </td> <td>style="background-color:<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A:Arab_Socialist_Ba%27ath_Party_%E2%80%93_Syria_Region/meta/color&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="แม่แบบ:Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Syria Region/meta/color (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">แม่แบบ:Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Syria Region/meta/color</a>; color:white;" | </td> <td align="left"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amin_al-Hafiz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Amin al-Hafiz (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Amin al-Hafiz</a> was <a href="/w/index.php?title=1966_Syrian_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1966 Syrian coup d'état (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">overthrown</a> by the Military Committee because of his support for <a href="/w/index.php?title=Michel_Aflaq&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Michel Aflaq (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Michel Aflaq</a> and the <a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Command_of_the_Ba%27ath_Party&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Command of the Ba'ath Party (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">National Command of the Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESeale199099–101_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESeale199099–101-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">17 </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C:Nureddin_Atassi.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Nureddin_Atassi.jpg/80px-Nureddin_Atassi.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="103" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Nureddin_Atassi.jpg/120px-Nureddin_Atassi.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Nureddin_Atassi.jpg/160px-Nureddin_Atassi.jpg 2x" data-file-width="350" data-file-height="450" /></a></span> </td> <th align="center" scope="row" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nureddin_al-Atassi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nureddin al-Atassi (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Nureddin al-Atassi</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(1929–1992)</span> </th> <td align="center">— </td> <td align="center">25 February 1966 </td> <td align="center">18 November 1970 </td> <td align="center"><span data-sort-value="7000400000000000000♠">4</span> ปี <span data-sort-value="7002266000000000000♠">266</span> วัน </td> <td align="center"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ba%27ath_Party_(Syrian-dominated_faction)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ba'ath Party (Syrian-dominated faction) (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Syrian Ba'ath Party</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/w/index.php?title=Arab_Socialist_Ba%27ath_Party_%E2%80%93_Syria_Region&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Syria Region (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Syria Region</a>)</span> </td> <td>style="background-color:<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A:Arab_Socialist_Ba%27ath_Party_%E2%80%93_Syria_Region/meta/color&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="แม่แบบ:Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Syria Region/meta/color (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">แม่แบบ:Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Syria Region/meta/color</a>; color:white;" | </td> <td align="left"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nureddin_al-Atassi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nureddin al-Atassi (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Nureddin al-Atassi</a> was overthrown when a falling out occurred between <a href="/w/index.php?title=Salah_Jadid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Salah Jadid (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Salah Jadid</a>, the real ruler of Syria from 1966 to 1970, and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hafez_al-Assad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hafez al-Assad (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Hafez al-Assad</a>, the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ministry_of_Defense_(Syria)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ministry of Defense (Syria) (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Minister of Defense</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESeale1990142–144_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESeale1990142–144-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Assad initiated a coup in 1970, known as the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Corrective_Movement_(Syria)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Corrective Movement (Syria) (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Corrective Movement</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESeale1990162–163_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESeale1990162–163-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">— </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C:Ahmad_al-Khatib,_the_interim_head_of_state_who_ruled_Syria_for_four_months_from_November_1970_to_March_1971.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Ahmad_al-Khatib%2C_the_interim_head_of_state_who_ruled_Syria_for_four_months_from_November_1970_to_March_1971.png/80px-Ahmad_al-Khatib%2C_the_interim_head_of_state_who_ruled_Syria_for_four_months_from_November_1970_to_March_1971.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Ahmad_al-Khatib%2C_the_interim_head_of_state_who_ruled_Syria_for_four_months_from_November_1970_to_March_1971.png/120px-Ahmad_al-Khatib%2C_the_interim_head_of_state_who_ruled_Syria_for_four_months_from_November_1970_to_March_1971.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Ahmad_al-Khatib%2C_the_interim_head_of_state_who_ruled_Syria_for_four_months_from_November_1970_to_March_1971.png/160px-Ahmad_al-Khatib%2C_the_interim_head_of_state_who_ruled_Syria_for_four_months_from_November_1970_to_March_1971.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="934" /></a></span> </td> <th align="center" scope="row" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ahmad_al-Khatib&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ahmad al-Khatib (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Ahmad al-Khatib</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(1933–1982)</span> </th> <td align="center">— </td> <td align="center">18 November 1970 </td> <td align="center">22 February 1971 </td> <td align="center"><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠">0</span> ปี <span data-sort-value="7001960000000000000♠">96</span> วัน </td> <td align="center"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ba%27ath_Party_(Syrian-dominated_faction)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ba'ath Party (Syrian-dominated faction) (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Syrian Ba'ath Party</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/w/index.php?title=Arab_Socialist_Ba%27ath_Party_%E2%80%93_Syria_Region&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Syria Region (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Syria Region</a>)</span> </td> <td>style="background-color:<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A:Arab_Socialist_Ba%27ath_Party_%E2%80%93_Syria_Region/meta/color&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="แม่แบบ:Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Syria Region/meta/color (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">แม่แบบ:Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Syria Region/meta/color</a>; color:white;" | </td> <td align="left"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">—</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">18 </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C:Hafez_al-Assad_official_portrait.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Hafez_al-Assad_official_portrait.jpg/80px-Hafez_al-Assad_official_portrait.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Hafez_al-Assad_official_portrait.jpg/120px-Hafez_al-Assad_official_portrait.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Hafez_al-Assad_official_portrait.jpg/160px-Hafez_al-Assad_official_portrait.jpg 2x" data-file-width="852" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span> </td> <th align="center" scope="row" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hafez_al-Assad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hafez al-Assad (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Hafez al-Assad</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(1930–2000)</span> </th> <td align="center"><a href="/w/index.php?title=1971_Syrian_presidential_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1971 Syrian presidential election (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">1971</a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=1978_Syrian_presidential_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1978 Syrian presidential election (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">1978</a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=1985_Syrian_presidential_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1985 Syrian presidential election (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">1985</a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=1991_Syrian_presidential_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1991 Syrian presidential election (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">1991</a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=1999_Syrian_presidential_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1999 Syrian presidential election (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">1999</a> </td> <td align="center">22 February 1971 </td> <td align="center">10 June 2000 </td> <td align="center"><span data-sort-value="7001290000000000000♠">29</span> ปี <span data-sort-value="7002109000000000000♠">109</span> วัน </td> <td align="center"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ba%27ath_Party_(Syrian-dominated_faction)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ba'ath Party (Syrian-dominated faction) (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Syrian Ba'ath Party</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/w/index.php?title=Arab_Socialist_Ba%27ath_Party_%E2%80%93_Syria_Region&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Syria Region (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Syria Region</a>)</span> </td> <td>style="background-color:<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A:Arab_Socialist_Ba%27ath_Party_%E2%80%93_Syria_Region/meta/color&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="แม่แบบ:Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Syria Region/meta/color (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">แม่แบบ:Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Syria Region/meta/color</a>; color:white;" | </td> <td align="left">Assad died in office.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMoubayed2006154–155_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMoubayed2006154–155-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">— </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C:Abdul_Halim_Khaddam_in_1974.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Abdul_Halim_Khaddam_in_1974.jpg/80px-Abdul_Halim_Khaddam_in_1974.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Abdul_Halim_Khaddam_in_1974.jpg/120px-Abdul_Halim_Khaddam_in_1974.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Abdul_Halim_Khaddam_in_1974.jpg/160px-Abdul_Halim_Khaddam_in_1974.jpg 2x" data-file-width="252" data-file-height="427" /></a></span> </td> <th align="center" scope="row" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abdul_Halim_Khaddam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abdul Halim Khaddam (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Abdul Halim Khaddam</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(1932–2020)</span> </th> <td align="center">— </td> <td align="center">10 June 2000 </td> <td align="center">17 July 2000 </td> <td align="center"><span data-sort-value="5000000000000000000♠">0</span> ปี <span data-sort-value="7001370000000000000♠">37</span> วัน </td> <td align="center"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ba%27ath_Party_(Syrian-dominated_faction)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ba'ath Party (Syrian-dominated faction) (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Syrian Ba'ath Party</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/w/index.php?title=Arab_Socialist_Ba%27ath_Party_%E2%80%93_Syria_Region&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Syria Region (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Syria Region</a>)</span> </td> <td>style="background-color:<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A:Arab_Socialist_Ba%27ath_Party_%E2%80%93_Syria_Region/meta/color&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="แม่แบบ:Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Syria Region/meta/color (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">แม่แบบ:Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Syria Region/meta/color</a>; color:white;" | </td> <td align="left"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">—</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">19 </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C:Bashar_al-Assad_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Bashar_al-Assad_%28cropped%29.jpg/80px-Bashar_al-Assad_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Bashar_al-Assad_%28cropped%29.jpg/120px-Bashar_al-Assad_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Bashar_al-Assad_%28cropped%29.jpg/160px-Bashar_al-Assad_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="995" /></a></span> </td> <th align="center" scope="row" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Bashar_al-Assad" class="mw-redirect" title="Bashar al-Assad">Bashar al-Assad</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(1965–)</span> </th> <td align="center"><a href="/w/index.php?title=2000_Syrian_presidential_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2000 Syrian presidential election (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">2000</a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=2007_Syrian_presidential_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2007 Syrian presidential election (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">2007</a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=2014_Syrian_presidential_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2014 Syrian presidential election (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">2014</a> </td> <td align="center">17 July 2000 </td> <td align="center">Incumbent </td> <td align="center"><span data-sort-value="7001240000000000000♠">24</span> ปี <span data-sort-value="7002134000000000000♠">134</span> วัน </td> <td align="center"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ba%27ath_Party_(Syrian-dominated_faction)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ba'ath Party (Syrian-dominated faction) (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Syrian Ba'ath Party</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/w/index.php?title=Arab_Socialist_Ba%27ath_Party_%E2%80%93_Syria_Region&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Syria Region (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Syria Region</a>)</span> </td> <td>style="background-color:<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A:Arab_Socialist_Ba%27ath_Party_%E2%80%93_Syria_Region/meta/color&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="แม่แบบ:Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Syria Region/meta/color (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">แม่แบบ:Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Syria Region/meta/color</a>; color:white;" | </td> <td align="left"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">—</div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="ดูเพิ่ม"><span id=".E0.B8.94.E0.B8.B9.E0.B9.80.E0.B8.9E.E0.B8.B4.E0.B9.88.E0.B8.A1"></span>ดูเพิ่ม</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2&action=edit&section=9" title="แก้ไขส่วน: ดูเพิ่ม"><span>แก้</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="ประเทศซีเรีย">ประเทศซีเรีย</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="ธงชาติซีเรีย">ธงชาติซีเรีย</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9C%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="ตราแผ่นดินของซีเรีย">ตราแผ่นดินของซีเรีย</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="อ้างอิง"><span id=".E0.B8.AD.E0.B9.89.E0.B8.B2.E0.B8.87.E0.B8.AD.E0.B8.B4.E0.B8.87"></span>อ้างอิง</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2&action=edit&section=10" title="แก้ไขส่วน: อ้างอิง"><span>แก้</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dt>General</dt></dl> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">มาตรา 88 ของรัฐธรรมนูญซีเรีย</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r10205087">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://countrystudies.us/syria/49.htm">"Syria - The President and the Cabinet"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Syria+-+The+President+and+the+Cabinet&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcountrystudies.us%2Fsyria%2F49.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fth.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k6486997n/f4.item">Arrêtés Nos. 1, 2 & 3, <i>Bulletin hebdomadaire des actes administratifs du Haut-Commissariat</i> (8 October 1922), p. 268</a>; <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k5805853c/f11.item">[1]</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMoubayed2006345-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMoubayed2006345_4-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMoubayed2006">Moubayed 2006</a>, p. 345.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMoubayed2006311-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMoubayed2006311_5-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMoubayed2006">Moubayed 2006</a>, p. 311.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMoubayed2006610-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMoubayed2006610_6-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMoubayed2006">Moubayed 2006</a>, p. 610.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMoubayed2006339-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMoubayed2006339_7-0">7.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMoubayed2006339_7-1">7.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMoubayed2006">Moubayed 2006</a>, p. 339.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10205087"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=zWRmAAAAMAAJ&q=nuss+izzat+1912">"Who's who in the Arab World"</a>. 1974.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Who%27s+who+in+the+Arab+World&rft.date=1974&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DzWRmAAAAMAAJ%26q%3Dnuss%2Bizzat%2B1912&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fth.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMoubayed2006133-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMoubayed2006133_9-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMoubayed2006">Moubayed 2006</a>, p. 133.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMoubayed2006175-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMoubayed2006175_10-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMoubayed2006">Moubayed 2006</a>, p. 175.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERabinovich197272-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERabinovich197272_11-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRabinovich1972">Rabinovich 1972</a>, p. 72.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFRabinovich1972 (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%88:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="หมวดหมู่:Harv and Sfn template errors (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESeale199099–101-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESeale199099–101_12-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSeale1990">Seale 1990</a>, pp. 99–101.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESeale1990142–144-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESeale1990142–144_13-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSeale1990">Seale 1990</a>, pp. 142–144.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESeale1990162–163-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESeale1990162–163_14-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSeale1990">Seale 1990</a>, pp. 162–163.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMoubayed2006154–155-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMoubayed2006154–155_15-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMoubayed2006">Moubayed 2006</a>, pp. 154–155.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <dl><dt>Bibliography</dt></dl> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10205087"><cite id="CITEREFMoubayed2006" class="citation book cs1">Moubayed, Sami M. (2006). <i>Steel & Silk: Men and Women who shaped Syria 1900–2000</i>. Cune Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD/1-885942-40-0" title="พิเศษ:แหล่งหนังสือ/1-885942-40-0"><bdi>1-885942-40-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Steel+%26+Silk%3A+Men+and+Women+who+shaped+Syria+1900%E2%80%932000&rft.pub=Cune+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=1-885942-40-0&rft.au=Moubayed%2C+Sami+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fth.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10205087"><cite id="CITEREFSeale1990" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Patrick_Seale&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Patrick Seale (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Seale, Patrick</a> (1990). <span class="cs1-lock-registration" title="ต้องสมัครสมาชิกแบบฟรี"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/asadofsyriastrug00seal"><i>Asad of Syria: The Struggle for the Middle East</i></a></span>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_California_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="University of California Press (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">University of California Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD/978-0520069763" title="พิเศษ:แหล่งหนังสือ/978-0520069763"><bdi>978-0520069763</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Asad+of+Syria%3A+The+Struggle+for+the+Middle+East&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft.date=1990&rft.isbn=978-0520069763&rft.au=Seale%2C+Patrick&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fasadofsyriastrug00seal&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fth.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">เข้าถึงจาก "<a dir="ltr" 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