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Available in 26 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-26" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">26 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%88%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%88_%D9%83%D9%88%D8%B2%D9%8A%D9%86" title="نوفيليو كوزين – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="نوفيليو كوزين" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nouvelle_cuisine" title="Nouvelle cuisine – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Nouvelle cuisine" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nouvelle_cuisine" title="Nouvelle cuisine – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Nouvelle cuisine" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nouvelle_Cuisine" title="Nouvelle Cuisine – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Nouvelle Cuisine" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nouvelle_cuisine" title="Nouvelle cuisine – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Nouvelle cuisine" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nouvelle_cuisine" title="Nouvelle cuisine – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Nouvelle cuisine" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%B4%D9%BE%D8%B2%DB%8C_%D9%86%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%86" title="آشپزی نوین – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="آشپزی نوین" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nouvelle_cuisine" title="Nouvelle cuisine – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Nouvelle cuisine" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%88%84%EB%B2%A8_%ED%80%B4%EC%A7%84" title="누벨 퀴진 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="누벨 퀴진" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nouvelle_cuisine" title="Nouvelle cuisine – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Nouvelle cuisine" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%91%D7%9C_%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%95%D7%99%D7%96%D7%99%D7%9F" title="נובל קוויזין – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="נובל קוויזין" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nouvelle_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%96%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D" title="Nouvelle სამზარეულო – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="Nouvelle სამზარეულო" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nouvelle_cuisine" title="Nouvelle cuisine – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Nouvelle cuisine" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B7%D8%A8%D8%AE_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%AF" title="المطبخ الجديد – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="المطبخ الجديد" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nouvelle_cuisine" title="Nouvelle cuisine – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Nouvelle cuisine" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%8C%E3%83%BC%E3%83%99%E3%83%AB%E3%82%AD%E3%83%A5%E3%82%A4%E3%82%B8%E3%83%BC%E3%83%8C" title="ヌーベルキュイジーヌ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ヌーベルキュイジーヌ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nouvelle_cuisine" title="Nouvelle cuisine – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Nouvelle cuisine" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nouvelle_cuisine_fran%C3%A7aise" title="Nouvelle cuisine française – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Nouvelle cuisine française" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nouvelle_cuisine" title="Nouvelle cuisine – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Nouvelle cuisine" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%85%D0%BD%D1%8F" title="Новая кухня – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Новая кухня" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nouvelle_cuisine" title="Nouvelle cuisine – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Nouvelle cuisine" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nouvelle_cuisine" title="Nouvelle cuisine – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Nouvelle cuisine" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nouvelle_cuisine" title="Nouvelle cuisine – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Nouvelle cuisine" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yeni_mutfak" title="Yeni mutfak – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Yeni mutfak" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%85%D0%BD%D1%8F" title="Нова кухня – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Нова кухня" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E6%BD%AE%E7%83%B9%E8%AA%BF" title="新潮烹調 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="新潮烹調" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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searchaux" style="display:none">Approach to food cooking and presentation</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jacques_Lameloise,_escab%C3%A8che_d%27%C3%A9crevisses_sur_gaspacho_d%27asperge_et_cresson.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Jacques_Lameloise%2C_escab%C3%A8che_d%27%C3%A9crevisses_sur_gaspacho_d%27asperge_et_cresson.jpg/220px-Jacques_Lameloise%2C_escab%C3%A8che_d%27%C3%A9crevisses_sur_gaspacho_d%27asperge_et_cresson.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Jacques_Lameloise%2C_escab%C3%A8che_d%27%C3%A9crevisses_sur_gaspacho_d%27asperge_et_cresson.jpg/330px-Jacques_Lameloise%2C_escab%C3%A8che_d%27%C3%A9crevisses_sur_gaspacho_d%27asperge_et_cresson.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Jacques_Lameloise%2C_escab%C3%A8che_d%27%C3%A9crevisses_sur_gaspacho_d%27asperge_et_cresson.jpg/440px-Jacques_Lameloise%2C_escab%C3%A8che_d%27%C3%A9crevisses_sur_gaspacho_d%27asperge_et_cresson.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="683" /></a><figcaption>An example of nouvelle cuisine presentation</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Nouvelle cuisine</b> (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">French:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="fr-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/French" title="Help:IPA/French">[nuvɛl<span class="wrap"> </span>kɥizin]</a></span> <span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/d\/db\/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-nouvelle_cuisine.wav\/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-nouvelle_cuisine.wav.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"LL-Q150 (fra)-LoquaxFR-nouvelle cuisine.wav"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/db/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-nouvelle_cuisine.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-nouvelle_cuisine.wav.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:LL-Q150_(fra)-LoquaxFR-nouvelle_cuisine.wav" title="File:LL-Q150 (fra)-LoquaxFR-nouvelle cuisine.wav">ⓘ</a></sup></span>; 'new cuisine') is an approach to cooking and food presentation in <a href="/wiki/French_cuisine" title="French cuisine">French cuisine</a>. In contrast to <i>cuisine classique</i>, an older form of <i><a href="/wiki/Haute_cuisine" title="Haute cuisine">haute cuisine</a></i>, nouvelle cuisine is characterized by lighter, more delicate dishes and an increased emphasis on <a href="/wiki/Food_presentation" title="Food presentation">presentation</a>. It was popularized in the 1960s by the food critic <a href="/wiki/Henri_Gault" title="Henri Gault">Henri Gault</a>, who coined the phrase, and his colleagues <a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Gayot" title="André Gayot">André Gayot</a> and <a href="/wiki/Christian_Millau" title="Christian Millau">Christian Millau</a> in a new restaurant guide, the <a href="/wiki/Gault_Millau" title="Gault Millau">Gault Millau</a>, or <i>Le Nouveau Guide</i>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nouvelle_cuisine&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Menon,_La_nouvelle_cuisine,_1742_--_cover_page.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Menon%2C_La_nouvelle_cuisine%2C_1742_--_cover_page.png/220px-Menon%2C_La_nouvelle_cuisine%2C_1742_--_cover_page.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="386" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Menon%2C_La_nouvelle_cuisine%2C_1742_--_cover_page.png/330px-Menon%2C_La_nouvelle_cuisine%2C_1742_--_cover_page.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e8/Menon%2C_La_nouvelle_cuisine%2C_1742_--_cover_page.png 2x" data-file-width="396" data-file-height="695" /></a><figcaption>Menon, <i>La nouvelle cuisine</i> (1742)</figcaption></figure> <p>The term <i>nouvelle cuisine</i> has been used several times in the history of French cuisine, to mark a clean break with the past. </p><p>In the 1730s and 1740s, several French writers emphasized their break with tradition, calling their cooking "modern" or "new". <a href="/wiki/Vincent_La_Chapelle" title="Vincent La Chapelle">Vincent La Chapelle</a> published his <i>Cuisinier moderne</i> in 1733–1735. The first volumes of <a href="/wiki/Menon_(cookbook_author)" title="Menon (cookbook author)">Menon</a>'s <i>Nouveau traité de la cuisine</i> was published in 1739. It was in 1742 that Menon introduced the term <i>nouvelle cuisine</i> as the title of the third volume of his <i>Nouveau traité</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fran%C3%A7ois_Marin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="François Marin (page does not exist)">François Marin</a> worked in the same tradition. </p><p>In the 1880s and 1890s, the cooking of <a href="/wiki/Georges_Auguste_Escoffier" class="mw-redirect" title="Georges Auguste Escoffier">Georges Auguste Escoffier</a> was sometimes described with the term.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jacques_Lameloise_DSCF6580.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Jacques_Lameloise_DSCF6580.jpg/220px-Jacques_Lameloise_DSCF6580.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Jacques_Lameloise_DSCF6580.jpg/330px-Jacques_Lameloise_DSCF6580.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Jacques_Lameloise_DSCF6580.jpg/440px-Jacques_Lameloise_DSCF6580.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="683" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/Jacques_Lameloise" title="Jacques Lameloise">Jacques Lameloise</a> (a three-star <i><a href="/wiki/Michelin_Guide" title="Michelin Guide">Michelin Guide</a></i> chef) nouvelle cuisine presentation</figcaption></figure> <p>The modern usage is variously attributed to authors <a href="/wiki/Henri_Gault" title="Henri Gault">Henri Gault</a>, <a href="/wiki/Christian_Millau" title="Christian Millau">Christian Millau</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Gayot" title="André Gayot">André Gayot</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> who used nouvelle cuisine to describe the cooking of <a href="/wiki/Paul_Bocuse" title="Paul Bocuse">Paul Bocuse</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Alain_Chapel" title="Alain Chapel">Alain Chapel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Troisgros_family" title="Troisgros family">Jean</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Troisgros" title="Pierre Troisgros">Pierre Troisgros</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michel_Gu%C3%A9rard" title="Michel Guérard">Michel Guérard</a>, <a href="/wiki/Roger_Verg%C3%A9" title="Roger Vergé">Roger Vergé</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Raymond_Oliver" title="Raymond Oliver">Raymond Oliver</a>, many of whom were once students of <a href="/wiki/Fernand_Point" title="Fernand Point">Fernand Point</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Mennell,_163-164_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mennell,_163-164-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Paul Bocuse claimed that Gault first used the term to describe food prepared by Bocuse and other top chefs for the maiden flight of the <a href="/wiki/Concorde" title="Concorde">Concorde</a> airliner in 1969.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The style Gault and Millau wrote about was a reaction to the French <i><a href="/wiki/Haute_cuisine#Cuisine_classique" title="Haute cuisine">cuisine classique</a></i> placed into "orthodoxy" by Escoffier. Calling for greater simplicity and elegance in creating dishes, nouvelle cuisine is not <i><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_minceur" title="Cuisine minceur">cuisine minceur</a></i> ('thin cooking'), which was created by Michel Guérard as spa food. It has been speculated that the outbreak of <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> was a significant contributor to nouvelle cuisine's creation—the short supply of animal protein during the German occupation made it a natural development.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="The_"formula""><span id="The_.22formula.22"></span>The "formula"</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nouvelle_cuisine&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: The "formula""><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Scallop_-_tangerine-gastrique.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Scallop_-_tangerine-gastrique.jpg/220px-Scallop_-_tangerine-gastrique.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Scallop_-_tangerine-gastrique.jpg/330px-Scallop_-_tangerine-gastrique.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Scallop_-_tangerine-gastrique.jpg/440px-Scallop_-_tangerine-gastrique.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1920" /></a><figcaption>Scallop tangerine <i><a href="/wiki/Gastrique" title="Gastrique">gastrique</a></i></figcaption></figure> <p>Gault and Millau discovered the "formula" contained in ten characteristics of this new style of cooking. The ten characteristics identified were:<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>A rejection of excessive complication in cooking.</li> <li>Cooking times for most fish, seafood, game birds, veal, green vegetables, and pâtés were greatly reduced in an attempt to preserve their natural flavours. Steaming was an important trend from this characteristic.</li> <li>The cuisine was made with the freshest possible ingredients.</li> <li>Large menus were abandoned in favour of shorter menus.</li> <li>Strong marinades for meat and game ceased to be used.</li> <li>Heavy sauces such as <i><a href="/wiki/Espagnole_sauce" title="Espagnole sauce">espagnole</a></i> and <a href="/wiki/B%C3%A9chamel_sauce" title="Béchamel sauce">béchamel</a> were replaced by seasonings with fresh herbs, high-quality butter, lemon juice, and vinegar.</li> <li>Regional dishes replaced <i><a href="/wiki/Haute_cuisine#Cuisine_classique" title="Haute cuisine">cuisine classique</a></i> as a source of inspiration.</li> <li>New techniques were embraced and modern equipment was often used; Bocuse even used microwave ovens.</li> <li>The chefs paid close attention to the dietary needs of their guests through their dishes.</li> <li>The chefs were extremely inventive and created new combinations and pairings.<sup id="cite_ref-Mennell,_163-164_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mennell,_163-164-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Abandonment">Abandonment</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nouvelle_cuisine&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Abandonment"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There is a standing debate as to whether nouvelle cuisine has been abandoned. Much of what it stood for—particularly its preference for lightly presented, fresh flavours—has been assimilated into mainstream restaurant cooking. By the mid-1980s, some food writers stated that the style of cuisine had reached exhaustion and many chefs began returning to the <i>cuisine classique</i> style of cooking, although much of the lighter presentations and new techniques remained.<sup id="cite_ref-Mennell,_163-164_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mennell,_163-164-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nouvelle_cuisine&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Philip Hyman and Mary Hyman, "Printing the Kitchen: French Cookbooks, 1480–1800", in Jean-Louis Flandrin and Massimo Montanari, eds., <i>Food: A Culinary History from Antiquity to the Present</i>, 1999, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0231111541" title="Special:BookSources/0231111541">0231111541</a> (translation of <i>Histoire de l'alimentation</i>, 1996), p. 398.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Mennell, p. 163.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">André Gayot, "Of Stars and <i>Tripes</i>: The True Story of Nouvelle Cuisine".</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"Stormy weather for Bahama Billy's". Monterey County Herald. January 10, 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Stormy+weather+for+Bahama+Billy%27s&rft.date=2008-01-10&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANouvelle+cuisine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrimes2018" class="citation news cs1">Grimes, William (20 January 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2018/01/20/obituaries/paul-bocuse-dead.html?emc=edit_na_20180120&nl=breaking-news&nlid=72995439&ref=headline">"Paul Bocuse, Celebrated French Chef, Dies at 91"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 January</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Paul+Bocuse%2C+Celebrated+French+Chef%2C+Dies+at+91&rft.date=2018-01-20&rft.aulast=Grimes&rft.aufirst=William&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2018%2F01%2F20%2Fobituaries%2Fpaul-bocuse-dead.html%3Femc%3Dedit_na_20180120%26nl%3Dbreaking-news%26nlid%3D72995439%26ref%3Dheadline&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANouvelle+cuisine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mennell,_163-164-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Mennell,_163-164_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mennell,_163-164_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mennell,_163-164_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Mennell, 163–164.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>France on a Plate</i>, <a href="/wiki/BBC_Four" title="BBC Four">BBC Four</a>, TV programme. 1 December 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hewitt, 109–110.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gault&Millau, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gaultmillau.fr/annexe/historique">history of the company</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150419105151/http://www.gaultmillau.fr/annexe/historique">Archived</a> 2015-04-19 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, see paragraph "Les 10 commandements de la nouvelle cuisine".</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nouvelle_cuisine&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Hewitt, Nicholas. <i>The Cambridge Companion to Modern French Culture</i>. Cambridge: The Cambridge University Press, 2003. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-79465-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-79465-7">978-0-521-79465-7</a>.</li> <li>Mennel, Stephan. <i>All Manners of Food: eating and taste in England and France from the Middle Ages to the present</i>. 2nd ed., Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 1996. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-252-06490-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-252-06490-6">978-0-252-06490-6</a>.</li> <li>Patrick Rambourg, <i>Histoire de la cuisine et de la gastronomie françaises</i>, Paris, Ed. Perrin (coll. tempus n° 359), 2010, 381 pages. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-2-262-03318-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-2-262-03318-7">978-2-262-03318-7</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nouvelle_cuisine&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Nouvelle_cuisine" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Nouvelle cuisine">Nouvelle cuisine</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><i>The Nouvelle Cuisine Cookbook: The Complete International Guide to the World of Nouvelle Cuisine</i> by Armand Aulicino (1976). <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-448-14418-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-448-14418-2">0-448-14418-2</a>.</li> <li><i>The Nouvelle Cuisine of Jean and Pierre Troisgros</i> by Jean and Pierre Troisgros (1977). <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-688-03331-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-688-03331-8">0-688-03331-8</a>.</li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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